HomeMy Public PortalAboutResolution 20-14 2020 McCall In Delicious Motion City of McCall
RESOLUTION 20-14
A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY OF MCCALL, IDAHO, ADOPTING THE 2020 MCCALL IN
DELICIOUS MOTION: ADVANCING THE CITY'S URBAN AGRICULTURAL GOALS,
PROVIDING FOR RELATED MATTERS, AND PROVIDING AN EFFECTIVE DATE.
WHEREAS, the City received a Grant from Blue Cross of Idaho Foundation for Health in response
to the Mayor having participated in their leadership program. The purpose of Grant funding from the
Foundation is for the support MOSS internships with the City of McCall.
WHEREAS, in a 6-week internship Casey O'Leary conducted survey, collected data, performed
interviews and produced McCall In Delicious Motion: Advancing the City's Urban Agricultural
Goals; and
WHEREAS,the results of the final reports will assist the City and the community in advancing urban
agriculture and building stronger local food systems.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, by the Mayor and City Council of the City of McCall,
Valley County, Idaho that:
McCall In Delicious Motion:Advancing the City's Urban Agricultural Goals is adopted, and a copy
of the Plan is attached hereto as Exhibit 1, and by this reference incorporated herein.
This resolution shall be in full force and effect upon its passage and approval.
Adopted this 9th day of July, 2020.
Robert Giles, Mayor
AT EST: ���uuiu„a,
�'�BessieJo Wage , City Cl .' �
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McCall mi n Delicious
motnion
Advancing the City's Urban Agriculture Goals
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Report produced for the City of McCall by Casey O'Leary, University
of Idaho Graduate Student at the McCall Outdoor Science School.
City of McCall
Table of Contents
Aboutthis report ........................................................................................ 3
Introduction .............................................................................................. 5
Part 1: Background and Methods......................................................................... 6
Historic and Current Food Systems in McCall........................................................ 6
Literature Review........................................................................................ 8
CommunityInput ....................................................................................... 12
Part II: Comprehensive Plan Project Results and Next Steps 13
LU Project 16: Inventory city-owned land Et explore community garden feasibility.......... 13
LU Project 14: Identify appropriate areas for conservation......................................21
LU Project 18: Expand farmer's market opportunities............................................24
LU Project 15: Explore partnerships for greenhouse development..............................26
LU Project 17: Review city development code.....................................................27
Part III: Recommendations and Next Steps ............................................................29
5 Steps: An Overarching Framework for Forward Motion .........................................29
5 Big Ideas to Support Agriculture In McCall........................................................ 32
Community gardens feed residents at River Front and Gold Glove Parks....................32
City and County Landowners and Non-Profits Join Forces to Conserve Agricultural Land in
Perpetuity............................................................................................. 33
Collaborative Hydroponic Greenhouses Reclaim the Old City Dump ......................... 35
Community Compost Turns Waste into a Rich Soil Amendment at River Front Park ....... 37
Resilience Coordinator Moves Important Projects Forward.................................... 38
Resources................................................................................................... 39
Grants for urban agriculture and community food systems ...................................... 39
Community Interviews .................................................................................41
Appendices .................................................................................................42
Appendix A: Sample Community Garden Agreement..............................................42
Appendix B: Draft Urban Agriculture Comprehensive Plan Language........................... 53
Appendix C: Site assessment notes .................................................................. 54
Appendix D: Additional recommendations for city planners ..................................... 56
References ................................................................................................. 57
References............................................................................................... 57
ImageCredits............................................................................................61
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About this report
The report documents the progress made through an urban agriculture and community food
systems internship in collaboration between the University of Idaho McCall Outdoor Science
School (MOSS) and the Community and Economic Development department at the City of
McCall. Former mayor Jackie Aymon secured grant funds through Blue Cross of Idaho to hire
MOSS interns in the summer of 2020 to pursue a Climate Action Plan (CAP) for the city, and
this internship, addressing a piece of that overall goal, was folded into that larger effort.
The scope of this internship included convening stakeholders, assessing current city assets to
support urban agriculture and community food systems, and advancing identified priority
projects outlined in the city of McCall's most recent comprehensive plan (McCall in Motion,
2018).
Several questions guided the work:
1. What work has already been done in the arena of community food systems and urban
agriculture?
2. What are the unique characteristics of this place and how can these characteristics be
Leveraged to build a robust community food system here?
3. What existing city assets can be employed to aid in the development of a robust
community food system?
4. What are the advised next steps to advance the building of a robust community food
system upon completion of this internship project?
The comprehensive plan projects pursued as a part.of this internship include:
• LU Project 14: Work with the Payette Land Trust to identify appropriate areas for
conservation
• LU Project 15: Explore partnerships for greenhouse development
• LU Project 16: Review city-owned land inventories and assess their suitability for
urban agriculture. Explore the feasibility of community gardens in public spaces.
• LU Project 17: Review city development code to better accommodate agricultural
uses and support food production and distribution
• LU Project 18: Expand farmer's market opportunities
The deliverables for the project are included in this report. They include an assessment of
city-owned parcels for their agricultural suitability, a review of city development code with
recommendations on amendments to better support agriculture, recommendations on how
best to pursue community gardens on city-owned land, and community visioning documents
that focus on building a robust regional food system. The final visioning document takes the
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Introduction
The City of McCall completed its most 2013) and strengthen the social fabric and
recent comprehensive plan, entitled McCall democratic engagement of the community
in Motion, in 2018. Among other important (Levkoe, 2006, Glover et at., 2005,
goals and visions laid out in the document Holland, 2004).
-are ambitious projects and goals related to
strengthening the city's urban agriculture Further, agriculture more broadly can have
and community food systems. Through the impacts on human-caused greenhouse gas
comprehensive planning process, McCall emissions. While agriculture can be a
residents have asked for greater access to contributor to climate change, when done
locally-grown food and spaces to garden. well, regenerative agriculture can also
This internship seeks to advance several of help to combat it by pulling carbon out of
the urban agriculture and community food the air and tying it up in the soil, a process
systems-related projects outlined in the known as carbon sequestration (Lin et at.,
plan. It also takes a wider view of the 2013). Thus, addressing agriculture is an
importance of planning for agriculture, important part of the city of McCall's
rather than simply planning around it. The overall Climate Action Plan (CAP).
American Planning Association
acknowledges that while food is a basic Cities are well-poised to enact policies that
necessity, it has consistently been ignored can support the development of
as a focus of regional planning while the community food systems (Duncan et at.,
other essentials—air, water, and shelter— 2018, Robert and Mullinix, 2018). The city
have not (APA, 2017). of McCall is taking a proactive and
committed approach to increasing its urban
Community food systems provide many agriculture and community food systems
benefits for a community. They promote infrastructure in order to better serve and
entrepreneurism and create jobs (O'Hara, nourish its residents in the present and
2011) and increase community resilience in adapt to a changing climate in the future.
times of disaster (Paci-Green and Berardi, The projects outlined in the comprehensive
2015, Duncan et at., 2018). Community plan constitute a series of practical next
gardens as a piece of a regional food steps in the pursuit of this larger goal. The
system enhance ecological stewardship scope of work detailed in this internship
among community members (Colding and project will assist with the implementation
Barthel, 2013), increase consumption of of these next steps, and upon completion
fruits and vegetables (Litt et at., 2011), provide recommendations for subsequent
improve participant health (Zick et at., action.
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Part 1 : Background and Methods
Historic and Current Food Systems in McCall
Situated in a largely-forested high-mountain area in central Idaho, McCall is known better for
its timber legacy and current reputation as a tourist destination boasting ample outdoor
recreational opportunities than it is for its agriculture.
And yet, its culinary history is more complex. Situated on ancestral Nimi'ipuu (Nez Perce)
tribal lands, the McCall area is a part of the original 1855 treaty between the Nimi'ipuu and
United States governments, which protected the tribe's rights to continue to hunt, fish, and
gather from the rich wild foods of this area. Though the discovery of gold a few years later
prompted the US government to force the tribe into a second treaty that placed the McCall
area outside of its reservation boundaries, it protected the tribe's rights to hunt, gather, and
fish in the "usual and accustomed areas" (Nez Perce website), which includes what is now
McCall.
This brings an interesting
conundrum. The fact that
anadromous fish such as salmon
can no longer return to Payette
Lake because of downstream
dams that block their passage
violates the treaty of 1863 by
failing to protect the tribe's right
to fish in the usual and
°P accustomed areas. And given the
topography and climate of McCall
proper, with its short growing
season and heavily-forested
Landscape. that make agricultural production difficult, any discussion about food systems in
McCall specifically should consider wild foods, including salmon. As a part of a student survey
conducted by this report's author about community food systems as a part of this project,
45% of respondents said they saw policies that support the return of the salmon to Payette
Lake as a priority (McCall Urban Gardening Survey, June 2020).
That said, no city expects to be able to feed itself entirely from lands within its jurisdiction,
and that needn't be a goal for McCall. Instead, it can be useful to look at the regional food
system as one would a watershed, using defining geographical features like mountain ranges
and water bodies to help define an area's ideal foodshed. In our area, the West Central
6 1 P a g e
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Mountains Food Coalition sees our foodshed as encompassing the West Central Mountains
more broadly. Thus, any effort toward building a robust community food system should make
connections between the municipalities and unincorporated areas surrounding these West
Central Mountains communities.
Particularly in Long Valley south of town, there exists a modest history of agricultural
production, including the production of oats, hay, cattle, chickens, goats, sheep, pigs, and
even lettuce, peas, and seed potatoes for export (Long Valley Bioregional Atlas, 2008).
However, the diversity of crops produced has steadily dropped. In 2017, Valley County had
188 farms that produced over $10 million in market value of crops. Almost all this revenue
(91%) came from livestock, mostly cattle. And of these farms, only 11% sell direct to
customers (USDA Agriculture Census, 2017). That means that the agricultural products
produced on 89% of farms leave this valley to feed consumers outside it.
Meanwhile, the 3,400 full-time
residents and tens of thousands
of annual visitors are all eating
several meals a day, and nearly
all of that food—over $20 �
million worth annually, Paw
according to a leakage analysis
conducted by the West Central I
E'tkYau9//rteeac,rs..c:w�-:�na
Mountains Economic
Development Council—is being
imported from somewhere else
(Andrew Mentzer, personal ' ENI50N`
communication, June 4, 2020). .
There is ample opportunity for
1 -
growth in regional distribution'
and consumption, as well as to
diversify production.
Long Valley boasts several
intrepid farmers who are attempting to grow and sell a diversity of healthy food locally,
including a variety of produce, garden starts, seed potatoes, and unique and well-adapted
meats like yak, deer, elk, and bison. The McCall Farmer's market has operated twice a week
during the summer months for the past 29 years, connecting local folks with fresh food grown
in and around the region. And several local restaurants purchase food from local farmers as
well. The bones of a regional food system exist. By pursuing the big ideas highlighted in this
study, the city of McCall can help to put some more meat on them.
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Literature Review
A. robust regional food system increases community resilience in times of disaster both by
increasing a community's overall food supply and by mobilizing food resources in the
immediate short-term after a dramatic disturbance, to buy time until larger-scale distribution
channels can rebuild themselves (Paci-Green et al., 2015, Duncan et al., 2018). The current
COVID-19 pandemic is straining the world's food systems, and to address it,, communities are
turning to strategies for developing food system resilience that have gained attention through
an attempt to adapt to another pressing, potentially system-wide disruption—climate change
(Worstell, 2020). After the immediacy of the current crisis passes, climate change will
continue to have impacts on the world's food production, processing, and distribution
systems. But sustainable agriculture plays an important role in land management and can
potentially reduce the negative impacts of climate change on societies and ecosystems (IPCC,
2019).
77 Addressing agriculture as a
part of a larger Climate
Action Plan (CAP), such as
the one the city of McCall is
currently creating to guide
> its climate adaptation and
- mitigation strategies is
sensible given its potential
to both contribute to or help
combat climate change,
depending on the methods
used (Lin et at., 2013).
Fortunately for McCall, land
held in perennial pasture
Like much of the agricultural
Land in Long Valley can be a
substantial carbon sink when
it is well-managed (Salvador et al., 2017). Additionally, the use of compost can increase the
carbon sequestering capacity of soils (Tautges et al., 2019), which offers a dual incentive for
the city to address a portion of its waste stream challenges while building soils which can
feed residents as well as sequester larger amounts of carbon through the implementation of a
community composting program.
The Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy defines a community food system as one in
which all the components of a food system—food production, processing, distribution, and
consumption—are integrated in sustainable ways to enhance the economic, environmental,
social, and nutritional health of a community that is rooted in a particular place (Garrett and
Feenstra, nd). Community food systems provide many additional benefits for a community
beyond crisis management. Regional food production, processing, and distribution can bring
increased entrepreneurship and economic prosperity to a community (Cascella, 2019, O'Hara,
2011). Specific strategies such as food hubs, farmer's markets, community gardens, CSAs
(community-supported agriculture), you-pick operations and roadside stands can invigorate
the local economy and increase employment and community wealth (O'Kane, 2012, Cascella,
2019).
51AfIT Vi+Il1i FARhiEf �, :: LEARN TOGETHER
Recognize the people that make your food Farmers. Understand how your food is produced and d its
form the backbone of a community food system Impact on community and environmental health
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GET ENGAGED O B06STSUSTAINABILIW
Eat local foods,educate ® ® Protect resources for future
others,andencourage"your COMMUNITY generations.
neighbors to get involved 0 Preserve the land
FOOD SYSTEM 0 Docraas,athn
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A community food system is one in which
food production,processing,distribution,and
consumption are geographically integrated
and benefit the environment,economy,
® and social and nutritional health of
IMPROVE ACCESS SUPPORT LOCAL
a particular community. FOOD ECUNOMIES
Increase the availability of
affordabl%nutritious:and ° Create jobs for local workers
local foods. i from farm to fork.
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91 Page _ --
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J. McEntee proposed a conceptual framework to discuss two parallel local food systems,
referring to them as traditional localism and contemporary localism (McEntee, 2011).
Traditional localism is associated with home gardening and community gardens, where people
can obtain affordable, healthy food. Contemporary localism is the sector of the local food
system manifested through farmer's markets, CSAs (community supported agriculture) and
other direct farm-to-consumer sales. Research suggests a local food system is most successful
when these two sub-sectors intersect and overlap O'Kane, 2012).
With regard to traditional localism, as a
community, McCall is not well-poised-to
house a large number of home gardens,
given.the forested nature of the
community. Therefore, community
gardens are an important component of
the traditional localism node of the
Local food system, as they can provide
residents with suitable land on which to
.:r garden. Indeed, increasing access to
community gardens is one of the
identified goals in the city's
comprehensive plan (McCall In Motion,
2018).
�f
Community gardens offer benefits to
participants and to the community as a
whole. Certain benefits, such as.
increased consumption of fruits and
vegetables (Litt et at., 2011) and better
' health among participants (Zick et at.,
2013) are a logical outcome of
providing people a space to grow their
own fresh food. But perhaps more
surprising are the additional benefits of community gardens. They have been shown to
enhance ecological stewardship and increase scientific literacy among community members
(Colding and Barthel, 2013, Tidball and Krasny, 2009). Moreover, they can strengthen the
social fabric and democratic engagement of the community (Levkoe, 2006, Glover et al.,
2005, Holland, 2004, Tidball and Krasny, 2009). Additionally, community gardens can increase
property values (Voicu and Been, 2008).
---- ----------- ------
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Through the contemporary localism arm of a community food system, urban agriculture can
provide many similar benefits to the community as community gardening, including an
increased connection to nature, increased health and exercise, and increased connection to
community, which can lead to increased civic participation (Colding and Barthel, 2013,
Nogeire-Mcrae et at., 2018). Preserving working farmland in and adjacent to urban areas can
also provide valuable ecosystem services like nitrogen fixation, water filtration, and carbon
fixation, and help to manage the municipal waste stream (Brinkley, 2012).
Cities are well-poised to enact policies
that can support the.development of
community food systems in both the
traditional and contemporary localism
frameworks (Duncan et at., 2018, Thibert,
2012, Robert and Mullinix, 2018). A study
published in the Journal of Planning
Education and Research shows that
municipalities have a strong role to play in
urban agriculture—for better or worse.
Through incorporating urban agriculture
into city land use and other planning
processes, cities can move from
"municipal hindered agriculture" to "municipal enabled agriculture" (Thibert, 2012, p. 355).
The vast majority of community gardens in the U.S. are an unstable land use, often serving as
a placeholder, an interim land use on properties awaiting construction (Colding and Barthel,
2013). Not surprisingly, community residents are more likely to invest in gardens or urban
farms with longer leases (Colding, 2011 b). K. Schmeltzkopf found that lot lease duration
correlates closely with increased infrastructure, permanence, and appearance of community
gardens (1996). Thus, cities taking a proactive approach to allotting permanent spaces for
community gardens enjoy more attractive, functional, and engaging community gardens.
There is a close correlation between community gardening or urban agriculture projects and
the availability of vacant lots in cities (Schukoske, 2000). Shrinking cities like Detroit,
Michigan, boast a large number of urban agriculture enterprises and community gardens, due
in part to their high volume of vacant land (Bonifiglio, 2009). But for high-demand cities like
McCall, land is expensive and difficult for many people to access (Kortright and Wakefield,
2011), which makes the City of McCall's commitment to exploring its current assets and
amending its city codes to support agriculture in the city limits particularly valuable.
-- -------- -------------------------------------------
11 1.P a g e --- _---
Community Input
A substantial portion of this internship project focused on connecting and engaging with
stakeholders about the past, present, and future of McCall's regional foodshed. The intern
spent over 40 hours in one-on-one or small group conversations with various regional food
system stakeholders including local farmers, chefs, farmer's market board members, school
and community garden coordinators, environmental educators, extension agents, county
commissioners, land trust and conservation district staff, economic development
organizations, independent grocery stores, food banks, community health coordinators, and
food system advocates, among others. The purpose of these interviews was to cast a wide net
to increase understanding and connection between various players in the creation of a robust
food system and look for opportunities for collaboration between the city and the food system
more broadly. A full list of stakeholders interviewed for this project can be found in the
resources section of this document.
Additionally, the intern worked with the city to send out a brief survey asking community
members specifically about their desires for a community garden and whether there were any
city codes hindering their agricultural pursuits. 42 community members responded to the
survey, which was shared on the city's social media pages and on their website and was live
for one week. The results of the survey are included in relevant locations throughout this
document.
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Part II: Comprehensive Plan Project Results and Next Steps
This section of the report highlights the work done on advancing the specific projects relating
to urban agriculture and community food systems outlined in the comprehensive plan. While
some of the projects have been technically completed through this internship, all of them are
merely next steps in creating a robust regional food system and should be viewed as a part of
a larger, sustained effort toward that end. Thus, in addition to presenting the results of the
proposed projects, each section contains a series of next steps which provide a road map for
subsequent action.
LU Project 16: Inventory city-owned land 8t explore community garden
feasibility
Part 1: Review city-owned land inventories and assess their suitability for
agriculture.
The intern inventoried over 70 city-owned parcels and omitted all dedicated rights-of-way,
parcels explicitly prohibiting agricultural use (for example, parcels dedicated to wetlands
conservation or whose restrictions dictate they maintain a "natural look"), the Ruby Street
parcels with affordable homes on them, the McCall Fire Department and McCall Golf Course
grounds, public parking lots, the cemetery and
airport grounds, the water treatment and - k
wastewater treatment plants, public beaches,
and any individual parcel less than 0.2 acres. Also _ .V
omitted from the study were parcels with high
real estate value that the city can sell to
generate income for more affordable housing
Y
projects.
The remaining lands were assessed for their
agricultural suitability. Assessment criteria
included their size, topography, aspect, access to
water, drainage, current vegetative cover, and
other characteristics. Identified potential
agricultural sites are detailed here, broken into
three categories—potential community garden
sites, potential urban agriculture sites, and the
broader category, potential community food
systems sites. ,
Potential Community Garden Sites
Two city-owned parcels have potential specifically to house community gardens, where
community members can sign up for individual small plots to garden for a year at a time.
They have ample under-utilized ground and sun exposure, and are located in or near the city
center. Additionally, there is a county-owned site which currently houses a small community
garden which could potentially be expanded.
p'Y Site 1: Gold Glove Park
s
Pros:
•Already hooked to city water; irrigation
' modifications would be relatively simple.
• In an underutilized area of the park, away
from lots of public attention
• Bathrooms and potable water on site at the
a
park
•Conveniently located in town, near condos
Cons:
• Site doesn't drain well, so site prep would need to include bringing in new materials to
build it up
• Awkward long, skinny layout may detract from the community feel
• Limited space does not allow for expansion
Site 2: River Front Park
Pros:
•Potential irrigation water right from
- Payette River would save money over city
water
•Flat, level site in desperate need of
G renovation
•Plenty of room for expansion
•Incredible synergy with a community
compost program potentially located at the
park
•Out of the public eye
Easy road access to and from site
Cons:
• Potential site isn't owned by the city—the landowner would need to be approached
with a plea to donate it to the city for a tax write off
• Currently lacks amenities (potable water, restrooms, etc). More infrastructure
investment would be needed.
14 1 P a g e
yi Site 3: Behind the Valley County/McCall
Police Department offices
—.„ Pros:
=f',� „ _ •Desirable location near low-income housing
and Heartland Hunger Coalition food bank
*Some infrastructure already in place
Cons:
•Not owned by the city. Would require
collaboration with the county.
•Very small space makes bulk material
delivery, composting, etc, difficult and
provides limited space for food production.
• Location lacks aesthetic beauty, behind the building, next to an air conditioning unit.
Potential Urban Agriculture Sites
Only one city-owned parcel that isn't currently dedicated to another use was identified as
Large enough, level enough,and with enough sun exposure to accommodate an urban
agriculture operation.
` Site 1: The old city dump on Colorado Street
Pros:
* Ideal cleared, amply-sized, flat, level site with
good sun exposure
* In-town location
* Could be a great spot for a collaborative
greenhouse project, with greenhouses that serve
individual agricultural entrepreneurs, community
gardeners, underserved populations, etc. (see Big
Idea #3 for more details).
Cons:
* Brownfield site—contaminated soil. Growing
would need to happen above-ground and/or
remediation would need to occur.
_ * Needs water
* Covered in quackgrass—not ideal for cropping.
Potential Community Food Systems Sites
These parcels fall under the broad umbrella of community food systems. They are valuable
for out-of-the-box thinking about our food system more broadly, encompassing not only
agriculture but the substantial contributions wild foods have made and continue to make to
inhabitants' diets. This category also includes the four local schools and highlights potential
collaborations between students and the greater community, and a possible location for
recycling the organic waste generated by the city into rich compost which can be used by
local residents to build long-term soil fertility.
Site 1: Lake Forest Park on Thompson Street:
Ethnobotanical Garden
Pros:
Park currently has interpretive signage about
wild plants, including some ethnobotanical uses
Could be easily and simply upgraded to include
z= more focus on the ethnobotany of the wild plants
' r of this area, with more plants, better signage,
and a formal acknowledgement of the
ethnobotanical history of this area, including
Nimi'ipuu and other tribal cultural resources and
contributions.
` * Signage was initially installed through a
partnership between the City of McCall and the
University of Idaho's McCall Outdoor Science
s s School (MOSS). Additional collaboration between
' the city and MOSS could enhance this project.
r
Cons:
* Signage talks about Native Americans in the past tense.
This park is poorly advertised/highlighted in outreach efforts by the city and by MOSS.
Ethnobotany: The study of a region's'plants and their
practical uses through the traditional knowledge of a
local culture and people.
W
Site 2: Central Idaho Historical Museum:
. Traditional Community Foodways Display
Y Gardens
` = Pros:
10
` ✓On the national register of historic places.
There is an opportunity to highlight some of
AIE
�. , the historic community foodways of the area
HISTORICAL MU-SEvvi on the grounds around the museum.
✓Parks and rec department offices are
NATIi
' relocating to this property, providing them
REGISTER
SITE
with easy access for establishing and
t maintaining new plantings.
Cons:
• Stormwater filtration agreements with St. Luke's hospital and snow storage could
create difficulty changing the landscape from turfgrass in some areas.
• Management of the grounds is subject to the provisions of the Historic Preservation
Act, which could prohibit some uses.
Sites 3-6: Barbara Morgan Elementary
School, Payette Lakes Middle School,
McCall/Donnelly High School, Heartland
_ High School: School Gardens
1 _ Pros:
'' a •These school campuses comprise some of
the largest open and level lands in the city,
making conversations about their best uses
valuable on a community-wide level.
•Ample opportunities exist to engage
students in learning about food, health,
nutrition, and community resilience through
__ --- ._. -__ p _a- _ __„_ agriculture. Creative collaborations between
departments can build bridges across academic disciplines and provide innovative and
effective project-based learning experiences for students. They can also forge
partnerships between schools and community partners, enhancing learning and
community service opportunities for students (Sobel, 1996, Johnson et al, 2005).
• A school-community garden partnership is currently underway at McCall/Donnelly High
School and is experiencing a high level of community engagement and support.
Cons:
• There are many common challenges of incorporating gardens into schools, including
the seasonal timing of the academic calendar (students are out of school in the
summer while the garden is growing), lack of resources for garden staff and
infrastructure, and a lack of administrative support for school garden projects. So
many of them get off the ground through the efforts of a dedicated teacher or staff
member but fizzle out when that individual retires, gets burnt out, or moves on. This
17 P a g e—
is not to say that school garden projects can't be wildly successful. It simply means
that care has to be taken to address some of the common pitfalls of school gardens
and secure adequate resources for them to provide long-term student and community
benefit.
Site 7: The McCall Public Library:
Community Engagement and Education
Pros:
t`° ✓ The library is dedicated to creating
learning opportunities of all types for
community members.
' ✓ They have a garden as a part of the current
r library building, where they offer classes and
other opportunities for library patrons to
Learn about gardening. They also have a
selection of high mountain gardening books
available at the library.
Cons:
• The library bond didn't go through in the May 2020 election, so their expanded
gardens are presently on.hold.
Site 8: Community Compost at River Front
Park
Pros:
C
✓Accessible site where city parks and rec
and local residents can drop off yard and
kitchen waste and pick up finished compost
for personal and municipal use
✓Equipment on site to turn and load
compost
- ✓Rotating compost piles around the property
revitalizes degraded soil and increases soil
fertility ahead of landscaping, community
-- w - - -- garden creation, and other site
improvements
✓ Closes the loop for residents by reducing their landfill waste and keeping valuable
nutrients circulating within the community, while increasing the carbon sequestration
potential of local soils
Cons:
• Program oversight, while minimal, would still be needed.
• Potential bear or critter attractant—fresh in-process piles may need fencing.
Part 2: Explore the feasibility of community gardens on city-owned land
To explore the feasibility of community gardens in public spaces, interviews were conducted
with past and current community gardeners and garden coordinators as well as parks
department staff and other stakeholders. A survey also went out through the city's social
media accounts to gather more information about what residents need and want with regard
to community gardens.
The community advisors
interviewed specifically for their
guidance on developing successful
community gardens on city-owned
land in McCall include:
Kurt Wolf, City of McCall Parks
on MIN ��e®EE�r' and Recreation department
-,; Melissa Hamilton, Valley County
Extension who has implemented
multiple community garden
t. I Projects
f` Judy Anderson, co-founder,
McCall/Donnelly High School
garden and long-time community
- -
_, 4, activist
Mary Hart, community gardener
and LOT grant applicant for the
- proposed Brown's Park
community garden
Durena Farr, Valley County Soil
and Water Conservation District
Skip Clapp, Valley County and
site host for community garden at
county offices next to the police
s station
Linda Klind, Heartland Hunger
Coalition
Liz Jones, Donnelly Farmer's Market manager and St. Luke's Community Health Coordinator
Melissa Coriell, MDHS teacher and current MDHS community-school garden coordinator
Appendix A, the Sample Community Garden Agreement, synthesizes many of the
organizational details for running a successful community garden in McCall that were
recommended by the community advisors interviewed for this project. It takes into account
the needs and concerns of parks department staff, experienced community garden
coordinators, and surveyed potential community garden members. It also provides guidance in
installing effective irrigation and outlining contract agreements. Following the protocols laid
out in this agreement will help to ensure the success of community garden participants.
19 1 P a g e
3
Recommended next steps for establishing community gardens in McCall:
1. Hire a community garden coordinator. Every single person interviewed said this was
the biggest obstacle to long-term success. This position could potentially be combined
with other city positions as a part-time or full-time position.
2. Attempt to secure the land between River Front Park and the RV park from the
private landowner. This would be a win-win for the city and the landowner, who
currently cannot develop this property without an easement, and a fantastic spot for a
long-term community garden.
3. Develop a site plan and budget for a community garden at Gold Glove Park and/or
River Front Park. The design should be simple. Lay out 5x10' and 10x10' plots, with 3'
wide pathways between and around them. Minimize the common areas in the original
design, with opportunities to expand the garden as members become more involved
and invested. Budget to incorporate a few wheelchair-accessible raised beds near the
entrance (Valley County has some behind the police station they are willing to
donate), as well as deer fence, a small garden shed, irrigation to individual plots, an
above-ground hose connection, trash collection, garden sign, and a small common area
with a bulletin board. The budget should also include initial site preparation, including
soil testing and amendments, garden plot creation, and pathway mulching, as well as a
budget for annual water costs and ongoing maintenance.
4. Seek funding for the creation of the community garden. A list of potential grant
funding sources for community gardens is included in the "resources" section of this
document.
5. Sign a minimum 5-year lease with the city that contractually outlines the city's
commitment to house the community garden and provide water for it.
6. Get to work! Build the garden, start accepting members, and get growing!
7. Solicit a community garden liaison to serve on the Parks and Rec Advisory
Committee to help guide future relations and expansions of community gardens.
Dig Deeper.
Appendix-A: Sample.Community Garden Agreement.
Appendix C:-A list of assessed city-owned parcels, with additional notes.
- - -- ---------- ---- -------- - ---------------- ---- -
20 P a g e -------� -
LU Project 14: Identify appropriate areas for conservation
To pursue this comprehensive plan project, the intern spoke with Craig Utter at the Payette
Land Trust (PLT) as well as with other stakeholders to better understand the state of
agricultural land in the city limits and the area of impact. The reality that quickly emerged
from these conversations is that this is a project which will require collaboration between
more stakeholders than just the city and the PLT. Further, this collaboration is necessary and
urgent.
Like much of Idaho, McCall and the surrounding
areas are experiencing rapid development. If the
I city wants to work toward building a more robust
and resilient regional food system, it must swiftly
r RILL z prioritize the conservation of agricultural land.
Z�gEp Much of the remaining agricultural land in the city
inRCER limits, the area of impact, and the county
NO CC&R'S
wAyrER�Rlcars surrounding it, is currently being subdivided and
$�$ sold for development, particularly the areas south
CRAWFORD
* of town, as subdivision for houses is rapidly
OISOR occurring between the city and Lake Fork. Even
during the course of this 6-week internship, a 450-
0' '34-6927
acre parcel that had initially been identified as
strategically important for urban agriculture due to
its proximity to town and potential connectivity to
the Activity Barn was subdivided into 20-acre
parcels. This
conversion is
part of a "Houses are
Larger picture
of aging farmers retiring or passing away and younger a, the last Crop
generations choosing not to come back to the farm.
The urgency here cannot be overstated. As of June 4, .
planted on the
155 development permits had come through valley
County's permitting offices so far in 2020, and of land.
those, around 50% are for very large homes (County
Commissioner Sherry Maupin, personal communication, ' -Craig Utter,Payette Land Trust
June 4, 2020). _ _- -
Agricultural land is low-hanging fruit for development. It has already been cleared and usually
leveled, and some amount of infrastructure has already been put into it (water, roads, etc).
And while on the surface it can seem like developing agricultural land into low-density
residential (LDR) properties is better than high-density development in terms of preserving
the agricultural aesthetic of an area, in reality the conversion from agricultural land to low-
density residential makes it far more likely to be further developed in the future. Nationally,
according to the American
Farmland Trust, -
agricultural land that is "
developed into LDR is 23
times more likely become - v
urbanized than other .
agricultural land
(Freedgood et at., 2020). In
Idaho, that number is much
higher. Agricultural land in
LDR zoning in 2001 was a
whopping 122 times more
Likely to be urbanized by
2016. In short, if we want #
to preserve agricultural
land long into the future,
we have to lock it down as
agricultural land in
perpetuity. This will
require a coordinated effort between private landowners, the Payette Land Trust, the city,
and the county.
Conserving agricultural land can achieve the interlocking goals of multiple regional entities in
addition to merely guaranteeing the land where agriculture can continue to take place.
Partnerships can be leveraged between entities to achieve their goals. The Payette River-
Scenic Byway has as a goal to protect viewsheds (Payette River Scenic Byway Corridor
Management Plan, 2014). The City of McCall shares this goal, wanting to protect.viewsheds as
well as preserve a distinct visual boundary between the south end of the city and the rural
county that borders it. The city wants to see a distinction between Lake Fork and McCall
instead of watching it turn into one big, sprawling suburb (McCall in Motion, 2018). Valley
County wants to preserve historic and working lands (Valley County Comprehensive Plan
2018). The Payette Land Trust sees conservation of certain parcels as crucial for animal
habitat. For example, the area around the airport provides important sandhill crane habitat.
All these entities have common interests. Partnerships can be leveraged, but the city must
make a committed effort to convene these partners around the work of preserving
agricultural land if it is going to happen.
22 1 P a g e — ---�--`---
_ _
Of course, it is not enough to merely conserve agricultural land to ensure a viable food
system. In the same way we recognize wildlife corridors as important, we must prioritize
agricultural corridors as well. The American Planning Association asserts that it is time to
start planning for agriculture rather than merely planning around it (APA, 2007). Developing
strategic partnerships to plan for the long-term agricultural future of Valley county is
necessary, and it begins with actively pursuing the long-term protection of agriculture
corridors. When neighboring parcels are subdivided, it becomes more difficult for the
remaining farms to hold on as they lose shared equipment, support networks, and common
values they once shared with their neighbors. �- __._ -_____
The demand for local food will only increase as "The markets
the population increases. But all those new
people who need to eat will also need to live
somewhere. Thus, locking down agricultural land come twenty
into long-term conservation is the first necessary
step in ensuring a viable and robust regional food years after, l.he,
system in the future. The potential for Valley
County to lose a large portion of its agricultural 1 11
Land, and to lose the agricultural corridors that land IS gOne..,
make agriculture viable, is very real in the very '
near future, and urgent action is needed to -Craig Utter,.Payette Land Trust
prevent this from happening. -
See Big Idea #2 for recommended next steps to address this crucial topic.
c
{
23 I P a g e
4
s
LU Project 18: Expand farmer's market opportunities
The intern spoke with McCall Farmer's Market management, board members, and vendors to
explore ways to support and expand farmer's market opportunities. It is important to note
that farmer's markets are only one potential market for connecting local producers with
customers.
Challenges facing the McCall Farmer's Market
Immediate challenges:
• COVID. Not enough staff/volunteers or ability to adequately police market customers
to ensure safe social distancing/mask wearing. So many tourists come from other
places with higher case loads and McCall is a vulnerable community. Additionally,
several vendors are in high risk populations for COVID. The market simply cannot
ensure safety and therefore they do not want to put vendors and customers at risk.
They are pursuing other options for connecting customers with their vendors' food
aside from an in person market for the 2020 season.
• Lack of communication channels. The market currently doesn't have a website or a
newsletter or email list. They lack dedicated staff time and technical expertise to
engage in outreach/communication with the public for this unusual 2020 season, to
help vendors connect with customers and vice versa.
Longer-term challenges:
• The land they currently
operate on could
potentially be
developed into the -
Ponderosa Center (or :n�
MCC L�
potentially something
else at some point if
that falls through). They
do not have long-term
security on this land.
Thus, the market lacks a
permanent home.
• The vendor population is s.rs 4t
aging and young farmers
are not coming up to ;,
replace them. At the
same time, some prospective vendors have expressed frustration that they cannot
secure a space in the farmer's market.
24IPage
}
Relationship between the City of McCall and the McCall Farmer's Market
• The farmer's market has a fraught relationship with the city, due to a long history
of confusion on both sides over how much the city can govern what the market does
and doesn't do. In addition to explicit city codes, at times there have been city
employees who have believed they have jurisdiction to dictate certain things about
market operations that are actually not in their jurisdiction. This has put the
market management in a situation of having to advocate for itself as an
independent entity at the city level, and has increased tension between the city
and the market.
• Turnover in city staff has caused institutional knowledge about previous
agreements between the city and the market to disappear and puts the market
management in a perpetual state of unease over what a potential changeover in
staff might look like for them.
• The farmer's market is confident in the value it brings to the community, through
increased community engagement and connection, community support, and tourism
appeal, and as an incubator for new small businesses to get their start, expand, and
advance beyond the market into the community at large. They do not believe the
city adequately recognizes the value they bring to the community, nor do they
believe the city is listening to their concerns.
Considerations moving forward for the McCall Farmer's Market and the City of McCall
The city of McCall designed the 2nd Street renovation to support events like a farmer's
market, with space to back trucks in, electrical outlets in the sidewalk, and other amenities.
The city manager can also choose to waive the fees associated with the market if it is deemed
a public benefit. Given that the current market location is at risk of development with the
potential Ponderosa Center proposed at the site, 2"d Street offers a potential new downtown
Location for a farmer's market. The McCall Farmer's Market is currently considering
relocating, so discussions between the city and the market to consider 2"d Street in their
relocation plans are timely and prudent.
Moscow, Idaho, boasts a wildly successful farmer's market that is managed by a collaboration
between city staff and a farmer's market commission comprised of market vendors,
community residents, and other representatives. Perhaps given the need of the market to
hire a market manager and the small and very part-time nature of the market there is a
potential for collaboration between the city and the existing McCall Farmer's Market to
ensure its long-term viability and success, but trust would need to be rebuilt.
There is no prohibition on who can start or run a farmer's market in McCall. If there are
prospective vendors who are not able to secure a space at the McCall Farmer's Market, in
addition to having options to sell at other regional markets interested parties could pursue
the creation of an additional farmer's market (or other agricultural vendor enterprise) to
meet their sales needs.
25 1 P a g e�-- — -- - -- --
ya
LU Project 15: Explore partnerships for greenhouse development
In a survey conducted by the intern to engage community members in thinking about their
food system needs, 32 people expressed an interest in having a spot in a community
greenhouse, similar to a community garden plot.
Several potential partners surfaced to make this dream a reality, including the Valley County
Soil and Water Conservation District and the Valley County Extension, who both have leads on
grants that could help fund such an endeavor.
See Big Idea #3 for details about one exciting potential collaboration that could bring
greenhouses to McCall and reclaim the old city dump site at the same time!
,
--
LU Project 17: Review city development code
With the goal of planning for agriculture rather than planning around it, the city of McCall
can take proactive steps to strengthen its support for urban agriculture in its planning
documents, including its city codes. This project reviewed the codes amended and ordinances
passed by other cities who are taking a proactive approach to supporting robust urban
agriculture. Suggestions for improving McCall's city code to better support urban agriculture
are included here.
The Boston College Environmental ; -r -
Affairs Law Review published a Note ' '
that examines the impact of ., f`; 4 `
municipal zoning regulations on urban
agriculture, and suggests ways that a
municipality looking to encourage
urban agriculture can use zoning
regulations to responsibly promote its
practice (Voigt, 2011). Broadly, many `
cities that have actively updated
their codes to encourage urban
agriculture follow these three steps:
1. Include language specific to
urban agriculture in the
comprehensive plan.
2. Create urban agriculture as a
use category, and then allow
it as a primary or secondary
use in all zoning districts.
3. Amend the zoning code to
allow urban agriculture to } -
operate as a home
occupation, and explicitly
permit either the off- or
onsite sale of goods produced
by the farm and outside.
employees with reasonable restrictions.
Additionally, particularly valuable public agricultural sites such as community gardens can be
further protected with "urban garden district" zoning. This would inhibit their conversion to
non-agricultural uses by requiring a re-zoning process that would open the conversion up to
public debate.
IN
In completing a review of the McCall City code and comparing it with the codes of cities who
are actively attempting to support urban agriculture, several specific codes could be
amended.
Current McCall City Code MCC Recommended Amendment
3.6.02 Agriculture is not a permitted use in Explicitly allow agriculture as a permitted
civic (CV) zoning districts, but small use in civic zoning district, or in all zoning
livestock is. This would technically make districts.
agricultural production on city-owned land a
non-permitted use.
3.3.02 Agriculture is not a permitted use in Allow agriculture as a permitted use in all
R4, R8, and R16 zoning districts, and . zoning districts.
requires a conditional use permit in R1
districts.
3.3.02 Occupants in R8 and R16 zoning Remove the requirement to apply for
districts are required to apply for administrative approval for allowed uses
administrative approval to keep small such as keeping certain permitted numbers
livestock. Administrative approval is also of livestock.
needed for large farm animals in R1, RE, and
RR zoning districts.
3.8.07 Small farm animals including ducks, Allow greater numbers of small livestock in
chickens, and rabbits, are limited to six per R1, RE, and RR zoning districts, at least 25
parcel, regardless of parcel size. small livestock animals per acre.
3.8.07 Allows only 6 small livestock animals, Allow greater numbers of small livestock up
regardless of age. to 4 months old to replace aging animals.
(for example, 12 total chickens, if 6 are
under 4 months old).
3.8.07 Prohibits butchering of small Remove this restriction.
livestock outdoors.
3.8.10 Limits fence height to 6 feet. Allow areas devoted to urban agriculture to
have adequate 8-foot-tall deer fencing to
rotect from deer.
Dig deeper:
View the urban agriculture ordinance passed in Boise, Idaho, in,2011 here:
http://pdsonlineccityofboise.orQ/,pdsontine/Documents.aspx?id=201`20613111422,5010
For draft language to incorporate urban agriculture into.the next Comprehensive,'Plan,
see Appendix B.
28 1 P a g e
-r
,
Part III: Recommendations and Next Steps
5 Steps: An Overarching Framework for Forward Motion
Five general concepts can organize priorities and guide McCall to develop a robust regional
foodshed moving forward.
1 . Conserve agricultural land
This is the most crucial and urgent step
. toward securing even the possibility of a
i THE�ice local food system into the future. Valley
AR
zpnceee County has a crystal ball, if it chooses to use
a l. . it. A 2017 stud b Boise State University
rvocc�s* -_ _ ,.� 4. Y Y Y
`°nTE�ja�cers shows that Ada County
has lost over half of
BOB
.�wFoxu, its farmland to development in the last half
century and is slated to lose another half-
-' -
100,000 more acres—by 2100, if current
development trends continue. (Sprague et
aL, 2017). Looking at Salt Lake City and
Denver and their sprawling get-away
- --_ - communities shows where Boise and the
surrounding areas such as McCall will be in the coming decades.
It is imperative to address the conundrum facing so many aging farmers—what do I do with my
farmland if my kids don't want to come back to farm it? Programs that support farmers in
retiring from farming without having to subdivide their land and sell it to developers to pay
for their retirement are vital. When taking an appropriately long view of growth and
development, it becomes important first to address how farmers can financially afford to
leave their land in agriculture and still
retire, regardless of whether their own - -
kids immediately want to farm. What's " Many farmers are land
crucial is to preserve working agricultural lands so that when somebody's kids want rich and cash poor. "
to farm, the land will be there.
Shirley.Florence, Long Valley Rancher
Big idea #2 offers some potential
collaborations to advance this effort in
Valley County.
29IPage —
a
4
r
2. Build agricultural capacity
Many agricultural assets have been
Lost in the transition to the
increasingly-fragile globalized supply i
chain that now feeds us. Among these - ;y
are small- and mid-scale production _
and processing equipment, ', `
agricultural skills and wisdom, w f
markets for regionally-produced food, _
and agrarian camaraderie. There is I �FaR,
much to rebuild, but with a
y
commitment to preserving
agricultural land comes a secure y �z
place for farmers to re-establish this r Y
important industry and the `
community that can support it.
3. Engage the community
A=
Learning to grow, cook, and eat healthy fresh
!r^ - food is incredibly satisfying. As agricultural
endeavors flourish in McCall, so will the
opportunities to engage community members in
participating in the local food system. Schools
offer a myriad of inspiring collaborations, but
adults are craving more connection with their
food as well. In our McCall Urban Gardening
Survey, 70% of respondents expressed interest
i
in more classes on how to grow and prepare
fresh food.
r
} "Food is the rare moral arena in
r which the ethical choice is
generally the one more likely to
f
make you groan with pleasure_."
hR r
-Barbara Kingsolver,Animal,Vegetable,;Miracle
'f�4h1 I 4
s
4. Increase markets for locally-grown goods
Everyone from home cooks to large
institutions can commit to sourcing more of
lilt`' the food on their tables from local
_ producers. As our regional agricultural
capacity increases and we have larger
quantities and diversity of fresh foods
being grown locally, numerous creative
entrepreneurial opportunities will emerge.
^S From co-op grocery stores specializing in
regional products to farm-to-table
restaurants to contracts with institutional
buyers like the St. Luke's cafeteria and
local schools, expanding production also
expands the economic benefits of local
food production in the West Central Mountains. And customers are ready—in our McCall Urban
Gardening survey, 72% of respondents expressed interest in shopping at a store that sells local
food.
Local food systems create jobs and increase the
amount of money that circulates through the'
local economy.
Union of Concerned Scientists (O'Hara,2011)
5. Expand affordable housing options
The need for affordable housing is well understood and is identified explicitly in the
comprehensive plan. Still, it is important to mention it here as well, given that the nature of
urban farming is that farmers are not likely to live on the land they farm, and they are also
unlikely to be able to afford an expensive home. Having affordable options for housing not too
far away from community garden and small farm sites is crucial to those lands being well
cared for.
311Page
_
5 Big Ideas to Support Agriculture In McCall
Idea #1
Community gardens feed residents at River Front and Gold Glove Parks
Two community gardens take
root at neighborhood parks, x __
providing residents with space
to garden and connect with -each other around the
cultivation of healthy food.
But these community gardens r• r:?,��
do more than just provide
space for growing vegetables - -.
and flowers. They increase
the pool of community
wisdom abut how to
successfully grow food in this �-y „_� •
harsh climate and create
intergenerational spaces for
Learning and connection. And
through the cultivation of
community gardens,
participants become more
actively engaged in the
overall well-being of the
community, creating ripple
effects which extend far
beyond the borders of the
garden.
See LU Project 16 for specific recommendations on how to move forward with implementing
this big idea.
Synergistic opportunities:
• Skipp Clap at Valley County Department of Corrections would like to see a mentorship
program that links at-risk youth with community mentors through gardening. A
community garden can support his vision and provide meaningful connection for both
youth and garden mentors. He also has raised boxes that can be donated.
• The Parks and Recreation Department is on board with the creation of community
gardens on city park land, and can help with their installation and maintenance.
Idea #2
City and County Landowners
� t and Non-Profits Join Forces to
Conserve Agricultural Land in
Perpetuity
The loss of agricultural land in
? Long Valley is a real and imminent
I threat, and it cannot be solved in
silos. Collaboration between
Valley county and the city
governments contained within it,
as well as the Payette Land Trust,
and passionate landowners and
community members who care
about the future of agricultural lands is crucial and urgent. The city can and should commit to
investing time and resources to develop robust partnerships to pursue common goals related
to agricultural land, because when it's gone, it's gone forever. And it's going fast.
Synergistic opportunities:
• There is a potential to explore offsetting city greenhouse gas emissions and support
the preservation of working agricultural lands through carbon offsets paid to
agricultural land owners, as a part of the city's Climate Action Plan.
• The Payette River Scenic Byway Corridor
Management Plan (2014) seeks to preserve
viewsheds along the byway, many of which VALLEY couN-tT .
are enhanced by agriculture in Long Valley. co�irRCHxsrvE rL:�
They have already formed a partnership VALLEY CQUNtr `,
with the Payette Land Trust to explore the IDAHO
preservation of agricultural lands in Long
Valley.
• The city of McCall and Valley County are
working together on a joint lake
management plan, which is setting the
framework for how the two entities can
work together on future joint planning ,; _
efforts.
• In its comprehensive plan (2018), Valley
County seeks to maintain the importance of
agriculture on the region's economy and
33IPage
-r-..
protect the best agricultural land for agricultural use,
as well as to preserve the rural character and
In. Idaho, land in agriculturally-inspired viewsheds of the region.
• Many farmers and ranchers are aging and facing
low-density the question of what to do with their lands, especially
' j if their children have moved away from the farm.
residential Z011111g
These folks are often "land rich but cash poor," which
in 2Q01 Was 122 means that innovative solutions need to be pursued to
allow them to get development'prices for their
times more likely..N !.
retirement or children's inheritance while still keeping
t0 be urbanized b their land in agriculture. This can be done through
y' +; partnerships with land trusts and even third-party
buyers with means, who can afford to purchase
2016 than
agricultural property and put a conservation easement
on it in order to benefit from a tax write-off. The
agricultural.land.
Payette Land Trust is an excellent partner in this work.
-American Farmland Trust Bringing farmers who are nearing retirement to the
- ! table to best discuss how to meet their needs while
sparing their land from development is important.
• When an ideal section of agricultural land is put into a conservation easement, the
Intervale Center, an f
organization in �
Burlington, Vermont
that is dedicated to
transforming the food
system could provide «
inspiration for how it
could be best -„
stewarded by a 's `
community
collaboration. The
Intervale Center
combinesan 0�v.,,.. _.._------- ---:-:_------_-__.___- ---------- .,:--- - --- -_�.------ ----r
agricultural incubator farm to train new farmers, a food hub, a conservation program
which runs a native plant nursery for restoration work, bicycle and cross:country ski
trails accessible to the public, and research partnerships with area universities. All of
these components would find willing and excited partners here in McCall.
Dig.Deeper
Check out The Intervale Center for inspiration on what possible collaborations on
community-stewarded land could look like! www.intervaLe.org
I t'
Idea #3
Collaborative Hydroponic Greenhouses Reclaim the Old City Dump
r- �- Aside from the fact that it was at one point a landfill, the old city
dump site on Colorado street is ideal for urban agriculture. It's
4.5 acres of flat, cleared, sunny high ground, right in the middle
of town. All over the country, innovative programs have reclaimed
former landfill sites by turning them into productive urban
gardens through gardening above, not in, the contaminated soil. A
series of well-built hydroponic greenhouses could solve all sorts of
interlocking challenges related to viable agricultural endeavors in
McCall. Greenhouses could extend the short growing season and
supply fresh, locally-grown produce to residents, provide
greenhouse space for community members to grow their own
plants, and offer educational and employment opportunities for a
wide range of people.
Synergistic opportunities:
• Durena Farr with the Valley County Soil and Water
Conservation District and Melissa Hamilton with the g,
University of Idaho Extension both have leads on several
grants that could be used to build greenhouses (see
grants section of this report for more details). They are
willing partners in helping to put together successful
grant applications.
• There also exist ample grant opportunities to remediate
brownfield sites, and this innovative project holds
promise for funding. Tina Elayer, the Brownfields
Program Specialist through the Idaho Department of
Environmental Quality, can help with these grants.
1
t
I �
351Page
Hydroponic Greenhouse synergistic opportunities, cont.
• Vertical Harvest Jackson Hole is an innovative greenhouse partnership with Cultivate
Ability, which works to employ people with different abilities in growing healthy food
for their community. They could serve as a potential model for a portion of this
project. Horticulture Therapist Sarah Thompson is interested in working on a project
of this type, potentially in partnership with Toby's Place, which could provide
employment and horticulture therapy services with their target population.
• Rupert's at Hotel McCall has stated that the restaurant's demand for locally-grown
produce cannot currently be supplied by local markets, particularly in the shoulder
seasons. This project has the potential to supply local consumers with local food as
well as a really great story about that food.
• Heartland High School recently approved a program which will allow students to work
on jobs or internships during the school day. This project would be an excellent
opportunity to employ local youth in constructing and maintaining greenhouses and
growing healthy food. This site is conveniently located between all the local schools
and could provide educational opportunities for students at other schools as well.
• Durena Farr has worked with Dr. Timothy Prather at the University of Idaho to assess
the brownfield site at Kelly's Whitewater Park and she believes he would be interested
in engaging with students to work on soil remediation on this project as well.
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Idea #4
Community Compost Turns Waste into a Rich Soil Amendment at River Front Park
Kurt Wolf has an innovative plan for recycling McCall City Parks and Recreation waste. The
parks department generates literally tons of grass clippings, wood chips, and other debris
each year, all of which could be turned into rich compost that the city and the community at
Large could put to use, retaining valuable and easily-lost nutrients in local soils. The soil at
River Front Park is poor, due to decades of extractive and polluting activities there. But a
DEQ site assessment conducted in 2004 showed that there were not unacceptable risks to
reusing the site as a park. Really, it just needs richer soil to support plantings. Kurt believes it
would be relatively simple to address a stated community need—better recycling and
composting options—and build soil fertility at the same time by setting up a rotating
community compost pile at River Front Park. The pile can be built, turned, and moved across
the site, fertilizing the soil ahead of landscaping and other renovation activities that will take
place there. This project can address the city's Climate Action Plan goals by both reducing
the city's waste stream and increasing the carbon sequestration potential of area soils.
Synergistic opportunities:
• Maura Goldstein has just launched Soil Cycles, a bicycle-powered compost pick-up
service. This or another service that collects household organic matter from residents
can further reduce landfill waste and add valuable nutrients to local soils.
• The city already has equipment on site that could be utilized to turn and move the
piles.
• Compost can serve a,future community garden at the site.
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Idea #5
Resilience Coordinator Moves Important Projects Forward
The number one comment heard throughout this internship is that, in order to be successful,
these projects need a dedicated coordinator. It is not enough to generate great ideas—
someone has to show up reliably to put them into action. So many excellent projects in
McCall have been started by a well-intentioned, passionate volunteer and have fizzled out
when that person retires, moves, or gets burnt out. Committing to the long-term success of
sustainability initiatives by investing in a coordinator will guarantee these crucial projects
take root in ways that ensure their success for the long haul.
Synergistic opportunities:
• The coordinator can also
help to move the city forward on
creating its Climate Action Plan in
-� addition to doing food systems
{'
work.
• Many of our neighboring
cities and counties have a .
sustainability coordinator position,
including Blaine County and the
city of Moscow. They can serve as
a model for how this position
could be structured.
_ Some have started as
AmeriCorps positions that have
_ s - moved to full-time, city-funded
} positions after their value to the
community is proven. In our
_ region, the Palouse-Clearwater
. ¢ Environmental Institute can help
the city connect with an
Americorps placement if this is of
interest.
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Resources
Grants for urban agriculture and community food systems
Grant opportunities forwarded by Melissa Hamilton, U of I Extension:
American Community Garden Association www.communitygarden.org
America's Healthy Food Financing Initiative (HFFI) with funding from the
USDA https://www.investinginfood.com/
USDA Urban Agriculture and Innovative Production grants (UAIP)
https://www.prants.gov/web/grants/search-grants.html?keywords=USDA-NRCS-NHQ-UAIP-20-
NOF00001013
USDA Community Compost and Food Waste Reduction Project grants (CCFWR)
https://www.grants.gov/web/grants/view-opportunity.html?oppld=326961
Grant Opportunities forwarded by Liz Jones, St. Luke's McCall and the Donnelly Farmer's
Market:
Idaho Women's Charitable Foundation (They had encouraged Liz Jones to apply for funds for a
community garden in the $25-50K range). www.iwcfboise.org
Grant Opportunities forwarded by Tina Elayer, Idaho DEQ:
Quadratec Cares - Energize the Environment Grant Program: Supports trail building or
restoration projects, park beautification events, litter prevention initiatives, earth study
missions, sustainable land management activities, community environmental educational
projects, youth educational engagement events.
Clif Bar Family Foundation - Small Grants: General support grants and/or funding for specific
projects in one or more of five focus areas: promoting Earth's beauty and bounty; creating
robust, healthy food systems; increasing opportunities for outdoor activity; reducing
environmental health hazards; and building stronger communities.
JPMorean Chase Et Co. Advancing0ties Challenge is accepting applications for funds "to
support creative, collaborative and sustainable solutions that address cross-cutting challenges
to help more people benefit from a growing economy."
Steele-Reese Foundation Idaho and Montana Grant: Supports projects in the following areas
that affect people in rural areas (not immediately adjacent to urban areas) in Idaho:
education, health, human/social services, the arts and humanities, and land, water, wildlife,
and historic conservation/ preservation. Eligible organizations include those in rural areas.
Blue Cross of Idaho - Employee Community Giving Fund: Projects should focus on innovative
solutions that are transformational, catalytic, sustainable, and collaborative. Funding focuses
on three topics: childhood obesity prevention, senior health, and women's and children's
health.
Christopher 8t Dana Reeve Foundation Quality of Life - Direct Effect Grants - Wide range of
projects and activities that will clearly impact individuals living with paralysis and their
families. Examples of eligible projects include inclusive accessible playgrounds, sports
wheelchairs, Paralympic sports training, accessible gardening, and installation of a hydraulic
Lift in a pool at a community fitness center, accessible transportation, and mindfulness
training programs. May qualify as match for adjacent pathway projects.
Idaho Community Foundation - Regional Grant Program: Grants to enrich quality of life
through conservation, environment, health, public projects, recreation. Grants will be made
in the following diverse program areas: arts and culture, conservation/environment,
education, emergency services, health, libraries, public projects, recreation, and social
services. Government entities, nonprofits, and public schools are eligible. Awards range from
$250-$5,000.
The Whittenberger Foundation Grants: Priority is given to innovative and enriching projects
which significantly improve the quality of life for children and young people. Areas of interest
are education, arts and culture, health, social welfare, recreation, and the environment.
Public institutions and nonprofits are eligible to apply. Grants typically range from $5,000-
$20,000.
Local Foods, Local Places aims to support projects that do all of the following: 1) Create
Livable, walkable, economically vibrant main streets and mixed-use neighborhoods. 2) Boost
economic opportunities for local farmers and main street businesses. 3) Improve access to
healthy, local food, especially among disadvantaged populations. The program will provide
selected communities planning assistance that centers around a two-day community
workshop.
40 1 Page — ----- - --__._�.---------- -- -------_
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Community Interviews
The following community members were interviewed in the compilation of this document.
This list does not include city of McCall Community and Economic Development staff.
Anderson, Judy. Founder, MDHS School Garden.
Babcock, Bjornen. Hobbit Hill Farm.
Clapp, Skip. Valley County Director of Court Services and community garden host.
Cohn, Teresa. University of Idaho College of Natural Resources, McCall Field Campus.
Coleman, Holly. West Central Mountains Food Coalition.
Coriell, Melissa. McCall/Donnelly High School teacher and school garden coordinator.
Didisse, Karin. Huckleberry Garden Health Food Store.
Dixon, Gail. Council School Garden.
Elayer, Tina. Idaho Department of Environmental Quality.
Goldstein, Maura. Community gardener and Soil Cycles organizer.
Eitel, Karla. University of Idaho College of Natural Resources, McCall Field Campus.
Farr, Durena. Valley County Soil and Water Conservation District.
Florence, Shirley. Long Valley rancher and Farm Bureau representative.
Hamilton, Melissa. Valley County Extension and West Central Mountains Food Coalition.
Hart, Mary. Community gardener and LOT grant applicant.
Herrick, Cynda. Valley County Planner.
Jedry, Cheyenne. Heartland High School Science Teacher.
Jones, Liz. St. Luke's McCall and Donnelly Farmer's Market.
Kelley, Patsy. High Country Gardens and McCall Farmer's Market.
Klind, Linda. Heartland Hunger Coalition.
Kucy, Gary. Rupert's at Hotel McCall
Lojek, Meg. McCall Public Library.
Maupin, Sherry. Valley County Commissioner.
Marion and Phil, Heartland Meadows Farm Store.
Marshall, Suzie. McCall Farmer's Market
Mentzer, Andrew. West Central Mountains Economic Development Council.
Orient, Samantha. The Timber Garden.
Rider, Ken. Brundage Resort and the Activity Barn.
Stegner, Charles and Mary. Stegner Farms.
Thompson, Sarah. Horticulturist and Horticulture Therapist.
Utter, Craig. Payette Land Trust.
Wolf, Kurt. City of McCall Parks and Recreation Department.
Wolfenden, Mark. University of Idaho College of Natural Resources, McCall Field Campus.
411Page
Appendices
Appendix A: Sample Community Garden Agreement
City of McCall Sample Community Garden Agreement
This agreement covers...
The McCall Community Garden will provide the following:
✓ A garden plot to grow food and/or flowers for use by plot holders
✓ Access to water for irrigation, with drip lines for individual plot users
✓ Deer fencing around the community garden
✓ A compost pile for garden waste
✓ UV-resistant plastic sheets to cover plots when not in use
✓ Plenty of new friends
Optional extras:
✓ Educational opportunities to assist beginning gardeners
✓ Common areas (benches, picnic table, rain shelter)
✓ Garden shed for tools.
✓ Tools (rakes, shovels, etc)
✓ Drip lines
✓ Social opportunities for gardeners
✓ A bulletin board for gardeners to share resources
✓ A scale to weigh produce and harvest notebook to record harvests
Part I: Plot lease agreement and payments
• Fees and plots
• Start of season
• Unclaimed or neglected plots
• End of season
• Gardener meetings/commitments
Part 2: Gardening Rules
• One's plot
• Adjacent paths and borders
• Other garden plots
• General garden site
0 Watering
• Soil amendments and remediation
• Compost and trash
• Property, tools, and equipment
• Garden gates and deer fence
• Gardeners, family, guests, and pets
Part 3: Warnings and penalties
Part 4: Gardener's signature and liability waiver
Part 1 : Lease Agreements and Not Payments
Fees and plots
FEES AND SECURING A PLOT.
Gardeners can officially garden at the McCall Community Garden after reading and signing
this agreement and paying your fee.
Fees are $25 for a small plot (5x10') or $50 for large plot (10'x10').
Fees must be paid by April 15th of the gardening year.
Opening day: the first Saturday in May
Closing day: the last Saturday in October
The garden is open from 7:00 am dawn to 8:00 pm dusk, seven days a week.
CHOOSING A PLOT
Plots are assigned on a first come/first serve basis. Preference will be given to those
members living within '/z mile from the garden. After the first year, gardeners who have
previously gardened at the site will be given preference to keep the plot they have. Garden
plots are assigned to one person or family only and are not transferable. Others may garden
at your site, but the responsibility for payment of fees, cleanup and other duties at the site
will be the responsibility of the individual whose name is assigned to the plot. You can
request specific plots, but please remember that since it is a first-come, first served program,
you may not get your first choice. Reserving more than one garden plot is permissible only if
all gardeners who are wanting a plot have already been assigned one. A waiting list will be
maintained for applicants for whom no plot was available.
Gardeners will be notified of their plot number via email as they sign up and pay their garden
fees. Additional information will be given at the Opening Day work party, which will be held
on the first Saturday in May.
431Page
All communication coming from the garden coordinator will take place via email, unless a plot
holder does not have email access. In that case, alternative communication arrangements will
need to be made at the time of application.
It is the responsibility of the garden plot holder to meet all agreed-upon deadlines.
Start of Season
"PLANT BY" RULES
You can begin working in your plot on opening day (the first Saturday in May). If the kind of
plants you are growing cannot be planted until later, weed your plot as needed before then.
The garden will also provide a handful of UV-resistant plastic sheets the correct size to cover
small and large plots if you need to leave your plot fallow at some point during the season.
Gardeners are responsible for securing this plastic using ample weights so it doesn't blow into
neighboring plots.
You are responsible for your plot's maintenance for the entire season. Keep it free of weeds
and harvested through October. The planting deadline is June 15th. Plots that are unplanted
by the planting deadline are assumed abandoned and will be forfeited without a refund. Plots
not planted will be reassigned.
PLOT MAINTENANCE EXPECTATIONS
Gardeners must maintain plots (including adjacent aisles) throughout the growing season.
Gardeners who do not maintain their plots will not be eligible for a plot in the following year.
Maintaining includes: planting, watering, weeding, and harvesting.
Gardeners will keep weeds down and maintain the areas immediately surrounding their plot.
Each gardener is expected to spend at least 1 hour per week working on his/her plot and the
surrounding area. Please contact your garden coordinator if you will be moving, taking an
extended vacation, or otherwise will be unable to maintain your plot throughout the summer.
Or if, for any reason (health, vacation, work pressure), you will be temporarily unable to
maintain their plot. If you have a substitute gardener, inform the coordinator. Any plot
abandoned for more than 1 month, without having given prior notice (i.e. of vacation,
sickness, etc.) to the garden coordinator, will be forfeited. At that time, it will be re-assigned
or tilled in and any produce will be donated to charity.
Unclaimed or Neglected Plots
Fees for plots for returning plot holders are due on April 15th. If you have not paid your annual
fee by this date, your plot will be given to a new gardener on the waiting list. Plots not
tended by their plot holders by June 15th will be assigned to new gardeners on the waiting
List. Abandoned plots will be reassigned to current gardeners mid-season if necessary, and
become available to new gardeners the following year.
End of Season
Plots must be cleared and cleaned at the end of the growing season, the last Saturday in
October. Renters who do not clean plots will lose first right of refusal for the plot the
following year. Cleaned up means your plot is put to bed for the winter, either cleaned out
entirely, or planted with a cover crop or other crops for overwintering. All dead plants and
weeds should be removed. The official closing day for the garden is the Last Saturday in
October.
Gardener Meetings
Community Gardeners understand that this is a community garden and in order for it to
succeed, gardener support is needed to maintain the site, keep on top of equipment, make
signs, deal with wildlife, obtain donated transplants, help keep site picked up from debris and
sweep/clean alleys, etc. Gardeners are encouraged to work together as a group on communal
aspects of the garden and are encouraged to share gardening information among new and
experienced gardeners in McCall.
There are two mandatory meetings for plot holders to attend annually—the Opening and
Closing Days of the season. Opening day is the first Saturday in May and Closing Day is the last
Saturday in October. Plan to attend both of these meetings and work parties to get valuable
information, connect with fellow gardeners, and tend to the communal spaces in the garden.
Additionally, informal but fun weeding parties will be held each Tuesday evening from 5-7pm
throughout the growing season. While not mandatory, these staffed events serve to increase
the community connections in the garden and provide valuable and needed structure to the
garden's operations. For gardeners with differing physical abilities, Tuesday evening parties
will provide opportunities to contribute to the garden in other ways besides weeding, like
making signs or facilitating a workshop.
Each gardener agrees to support MCG by doing their fair share of common work to help make
this community garden successful. Examples of volunteer activities: weeding common areas,
turning the compost pile each week, seasonal garden cleanup effort, monitoring the water
system, etc. Considerations will be given for special skills, physical and mental capabilities,
and age. Youth participation is encouraged with adult guidance. Gardeners will accept shared
responsibility for maintenance of the common areas, furnishings, and equipment, including
fencing, trees, compost bins, and tool shed.
The bulletin board is for garden sharing only. Soliciting is not allowed. It is a place to share
resources and gardening tips. Any suggestions for feedback or questions should be directed to
the garden coordinator.
Part 2: Gardening Rules
45 1 P a g e _. —`"—
The rules and regulations are in place so the McCall Community Garden can grow, provide a
healthy community atmosphere, and function as a pleasant place to garden. All gardeners are
expected to take an active role in administering the gardens. If garden rules are ignored, you
will be required to forfeit the plot. As outlined below, these are the conditions under which
immediate plot forfeit will occur:
• Bringing alcohol and illegal substances into the garden
• Plot is not maintained for one month
• Without garden staff approval, transferring or subletting of a plot
• Violation warning is ignored or violation is repeated
• Act in a threatening or abusive manner to other gardeners.
One's Plot
ORGANIC
Gardeners must agree to garden organically. This means synthetic fertilizers, and pesticides,
herbicides Ft rodenticides that are not approved for use on certified organic farms may not be
applied. The garden encourages the use of compost, barriers and hand weeding or hoeing to
manage weeds and pests. Gardeners agree to check with garden coordinator before applying
any fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides Et rodenticides, even if labeled 'organic". Do not use
synthetic chemical fertilizers like miracle-Gro. If you are not sure if something is allowed,
please check with another gardener or the garden coordinator.
WEEDS AND DISEASE (see also "Compost and Trash")
Gardeners agree to keep the garden Et garden edges free of weeds, diseased plants, insect-
infested plants and overripe vegetables. As a community garden, please respect the
surroundings and tend to your plot and help keep the area free of litter and weeds. Diseased
and infected plants must be removed from the garden and disposed of properly. Weeds that
have not gone to seed should be hauled to the compost site. Weeds that have gone to seed
should not be placed in the compost, but put in the trash. Keep your garden neatly weeded
on a regular basis. Weeds may not become taller than 8 inches. Weeds are a major complaint
of neighbors and other gardeners, and are the leading cause of plot forfeiture.
LARGE/WOODY PLANTS OR STRUCTURES
Do not plant trees or shrubs. Be respectful of your neighbor gardeners when planning your
plot. Tall crops (such as sunflowers and corn), structures, etc, should be planted to not shade
another gardener's plot. Perennial or potentially invasive plants such as raspberries or mint
must be planted in containers. Locations like the periphery and the edges of the garden will
also be discussed at the annual meeting All gardeners understand that it is their responsibility
to maintain plants within the limits of their plot.
STRUCTURES
No altering the dimensions of the plot or of the surrounding area. The gardener supplies the
materials and labor for non-permanent structures. Simple trellis structures are permitted if
they do not shade other gardens or block irrigation if using a shared bed. DO NOT use poured
concrete for anchoring. Neither solid walls nor solid roofs are permitted. Row covers are
permitted. Please anchor them to prevent blowing away, and store them when not in use.
Cold frames are permitted if they are no larger than the plot dimensions in width and length,
with a maximum height of 30 inches. Covers are to be made of sturdy plastic, not glass.
MAKING GOOD PLANT CHOICES
Gardeners may grow a wide variety of fruits, vegetables, herbs and flowers. Choosing from
among the wide range of plants for the garden is challenging and fun! The guidelines below
will help you make good choices for gardening in a community garden plot program. Talk to
your gardening neighbors to share ideas for good plant choices for success. Herbaceous vines
are permitted. Seek your neighbor's permission to grow them on a common fence. No plants
on the Idaho Invasive Species List http://invasivespecies.idaho.gov/terrestrial-plants may be
grown. Many of these are weeds in areas surrounding the garden plots. Please control them as
much as you can. Some desirable plants can be weedy, such as raspberries, blackberries,
mints, morning glories, and fennel. Please keep these plants one foot or more away from plot
boundaries. Grow plants like mint in pots to contain them. Take the plants with you when you
Leave the garden plot program. Gardeners may plant a fall crop or cover crop after the
summer season.
WEIGHING GARDEN HARVESTS
Gardeners are encouraged to get into the habit of weighing their harvests from the garden
using the on-site scale and recording their harvest data in the attached notebook. It can help
us prove the value of the garden for future funding and expansion opportunities.
Adiacent Paths Et Borders
Gardening activity and plant growth must be restricted to the gardener's plot. Please prevent
vegetation from attacking walkways and adjacent plots. You are responsible for maintaining
half of the path next to your plot. Paths must be kept clear of weeds, rocks, garden plants
and other obstacles. This includes plants overhanging from your plot. Both the access and
perimeter paths must be free of garden materials and debris so as not to create a hazard or
to impede their maintenance. Please be considerate of plot aisles, which are needed for hose
and water movement. The assigned garden lots have been established with access paths
between them to provide access for all gardeners. Access paths should not be restricted in
any way. When planting near paths, leave adequate space for plant growth so as not to
encroach into or overhang the paths.
Other Garden Plots
Pick only the plants you are growing, or have permission from the grower to pick. Stay out of
other people's plots unless specifically invited. No gardener can give permission to anyone to
go into anyone else's plot for any reason only the gardener who that plot is assigned to can do
that. Gardeners will not plant, weed, water or harvest from any other member's plot. While
you may view the success of other gardeners, refrain from stepping off the access paths and
into other garden lots. Gardeners have their own methods of planting, which may be damaged
in the process.
General Garden Site
In general, gardeners will not make any permanent changes to the garden, such as adding
watering systems other than in their beds or drastically changing the fence. Gardeners agree
to get approval from garden committee to plant trees, shrubs or bushes (non-herbaceous
plant material that does not die to the ground every winter). Any approved trees, shrubs or
bushes, or other approved plant material become property of the garden. Electric fences are
not permitted in the garden. No digging for worms anywhere in the garden. Glass containers
are prohibited from the gardens. In addition, containers, bags, etc., of any kind should be
secured so as not to blow around and/or detract from the orderliness of the gardens. Such
items are best removed when they are no longer needed.
Watering
Gardeners need to be diligent and mindful of water usage. Gardens will be managed for best
practices in water conservation. Water will be available between official garden Opening and
Closing days. It is up to each gardener to choose how to irrigate his/her plot. Each plot is
supplied by its own spigots. All spigots are on a timer that will come on for 10 minutes every
day. Each plot also has its own valve on/off control so gardeners can choose not to water
their plot during designated watering times.
Additionally, there is a hose on a separate hydrant available for gardener use. That hydrant
must be shut off after use. Please refrain from watering your garden with an open-ended
hose. The use of a hose nozzle will conserve water and maintain sufficient water pressure for
other gardeners. Additionally, if a watering ban is in effect, please comply with regulations.
No overnight watering. Water hoses must not cross other plots and must be attended at all
times. Water sprinklers are not permitted in the garden.
Each gardener is responsible for the installation of the irrigation equipment as well as its take
down at the end of the season. There are drip lines supplied for gardeners to use. The
irrigation system will be blown out at the end of the season, and if gardeners want the same
plot the next year, we would suggest leaving the individual irrigation systems for the next
year.
Irrigation is provided and programmed. Never access the irrigation control panel unless there
is an irrigation emergency. Report emergencies to garden coordinator. Gardeners must also
report all leaks. Extra water use (above and beyond the garden's scheduled timed watering) is
limited to 5 minutes per plot per day. Please help avoid water loss in the aisles and be
considerate of other waiting gardeners.
48 1 Page ----- -- ------- —
Soil Amendments and Remediation
Don't bring in sand or gravel. These materials are difficult or impossible to remove later.
MULCH
Using mulch in your garden plot has many benefits. As organic mulches break down, they add
valuable nutrients to your soil. You will need less fertilizer. They also help conserve water.
Organic mulches, such as compost, leaves, straw are highly recommended to conserve water
and add nutrients to the soil. Non-biodegradable mulches, such as stone, carpet and artificial
turf, are prohibited. Porous weed Mocker covers are permitted, but need to be secured to
the ground to prevent them from blowing away. The city Parks and Recreation department
will deliver bark mulch from city street trees for use as mulch on pathways.
COMPOST
Composting plant materials is an excellent way to reduce trash and conserve nutrients. There
will be a designated area to compost all plant materials within the garden and special
instructions will be shared with all gardeners. As a reminder, do not compost cooked food
scraps (such as meat, oils, or fat), as this attracts animals. Avoid fresh manure which may
contain weed seeds, smells bad, and may have sanitary issues that could affect neighboring
plots. Composted manure is permitted.
Compost and Trash
Gardeners will sort all waste from their plot and adjoining paths into compost, recyclables,
and trash. Compost can be processed at the site; recyclables and large quantities of trash
must be taken off-site. Gardeners will place diseased and insect-infested plants in plastic
bags and remove them from the site. There will be a small trash receptable provided by the
city Parks and Rec department for small trash items. Gardeners will haul larger items for
trash pickup offsite themselves. Please do not utilize the trash cans provided in the park.
Compost material should be put in the compost area and not left in a heap that someone else
will have to clean up. Gardeners are expected to put weeds on compost pile if they have not
gone to seed.
Property, Tools, and Equipment
Take care of tools. When you are finished with your work, hang the tools in the shed and coil
up hoses. Help keep the shed building safe by keeping it free of clutter. Help clean up
seemingly random piles and bags of materials around the garden. Gardeners will agree that
the garden tools kept in the shed are for everyone to use and will therefore clean and return
them promptly after using them. Gardeners will not remove equipment from garden. No
power equipment should need to be used around the garden by anyone other than city Parks
Department staff, but if its use becomes necessary, it may only be operated by those over 16
491Page
who own or lease the equipment. All use of power equipment should be discussed with the
garden coordinator prior to use and should be used at your own risk. Return all commonly
owned tools to the shed and store them securely. No personal power tools may be left in the
shed.
Garden Gates and Deer Fence
The garden gates should remain closed at all times. Deer in McCall are hungry plant-eaters
and are very socialized to people. They will not hesitate to enter the garden through an open
gate, even if people are present in the garden.
A deer fence will be installed by the McCall City Parks Department. Please report any breaks
in the deer fence to the community garden coordinator immediately upon noticing them, and
provide a temporary repair if possible until parks department staff can fix the break.
Gardeners, Family, and Pets
GARDENERS
Be considerate of the garden's neighbors. Whenever possible gardeners are encouraged to
walk, bike or to take the transit system to the garden so as to lessen the impact of additional
vehicles in the neighborhood. Gardeners will respect the privacy of the garden's neighbors
and do their best to preserve their quality of life. Gardeners will not ask neighbors to provide
use of telephones (excepting emergencies) or restrooms. Gardeners are reminded to use good
personal safety practices when visiting the garden. Keep the garden attractive for neighboring
residents and safe for all. Place bags and other objects in a neat and orderly way in your plot,
and keep them within your plot boundaries.
In the spirit of cooperation, all gardeners shall treat the garden, other gardeners, neighbors,
and visitors with respect and consideration. No stealing (harvesting from others' plots without
authorization), verbal or physical harassment is allowed. Violation of this rule will result in
expulsion from the garden. Gardeners are expected to communicate with neighboring
gardeners to work out borders, weed issues and size of plant issues
RADIOS
Should you wish to listen to the radio, please use headphones so as not to disturb the
tranquility at the garden. Growing or using illegal substances including marijuana in the
garden will lead to immediate expulsion with no return of plot fee. Smoking, chewing
tobacco, and open flames are not allowed in the garden.
Gardening workshops will be held periodically throughout the year, however, it is the
gardener's responsibility to research proper gardening techniques. The essence of community
gardening is trial and error and sharing of knowledge. Numerous high mountain gardening
books are available at the McCall Public Library, and the U of I Extension offers a wealth of
information.
------------- ---------------- ---------------
50IPage
CHILDREN
Children are welcome at the garden when accompanied and fully supervised by an adult.
Parents are encouraged to bring children to the garden and introduce them to the wonders of
gardening.Please monitor their behavior and whereabouts at all times. Teach young children
to stay on paths and that climbing of trees or fence is not allowed. Children should not be
allowed to wander unattended in the garden. Parents are responsible for the welfare of their
children in the garden.
PET ANIMALS
Should you wish to bring your best friend to the garden, please remember that city ordinances
apply to this garden. Leashes and "pick-up" is required at all times. Under no circumstances
should dogs be permitted into the gardening area proper because of potential disease from
dog feces. Dogs should be secured outside of the garden gates and special attention should be
given to barking as to not disrupt the neighbors and fellow gardeners. Service dogs are
permitted.
Keep the garden coordinator advised of your current address, email, and telephone number.
Notify the Steering Committee of any change of address or telephone by voice
mail/text or by email @
Part 3: Warnings and penalties
The consequences:
If you fail to follow any of the above guidelines, the garden coordinator will contact you by
phone and email and give you one week to correct the problem (excepting violations which
are cause for immediate termination as stated above). If you do not respond, your plot will be
considered abandoned. Plantings will be removed from abandoned plots and the gardener will
not be eligible to return the following year. All gardeners are required to keep their plots as
disease- and weed-free as possible. If a garden is not maintained, a warning will be given. If
conditions do not improve, the garden will be forfeited. Complaints, policies, and mediations
are the responsibility of the community garden coordinator, who has the final say.
Part 4: Gardener's Signature and liability waiver
I will work to keep the garden a happy, secure, and enjoyable place where all participants
can garden and socialize peacefully in a neighborly manner. I understand and willingly accept
the inherent risks in gardening. I understand that use and misuse of gardening tools may ,
result in injury. I am aware that soil and food-borne diseases, though rare, may be contracted
through gardening or consuming undercooked food. I understand that, as a participant in the
McCall Community Garden, I am a guest and that my privileges may be revoked in the event
that I fail to comply with the terms of this Agreement.
The following procedure will be initiated in the event of failure to comply with the terms of
this Agreement:
• If a violation occurs, the coordinator will contact you via phone and email and issue a
warning. If no response or correction has been made within one week of these warnings, the
garden coordinator will issue a second written notice of impending termination.
• If no response or correction has been made within seven days of the written notice of
impending termination, the garden coordinator will issue a final written notification
indicating that gardening privileges and the plot have been forfeited.
I understand, acknowledge and agree that I am solely responsible for my actions and conduct,
and the actions and conduct of my guests, while in the McCall Community Garden and that
neither the City of McCall or the McCall Parks Et Recreation Department entities nor any of its
directors, officers, employees, agents, lessors, affiliated companies or foundations have any
liability to me or my guests for losses, damages, or costs incurred as a result of participation
in, or entry onto the premises of, the McCall Community Garden and I waive and release the
aforementioned parties from any claims that I may have, whether based on tort, contract or
otherwise, resulting there from.
I have read and understand the application and accept these rules, terms, and conditions
stated above for participation in the McCall Community Garden.
Signature:
Date:
Print Name:
Please circle one: New gardener / Renewing gardener
Mailing Address:
City, Zip Code: Phone:
Email address:
List others who will be working with you on your plot:
I wish to reserve a: full plot ($50) half bed ($25)
Plot assigned
Appendix B: Draft Urban Agriculture Comprehensive Plan Language
Excerpted from Pigs in the Backyard or the Barnyard: (Voigt, 2011) and edited for the City of
McCall.
Model Comprehensive Plan Language to Protect and Expand Urban Agriculture
Background: Because the City of McCall recognizes urban agriculture as a desirable activity
that creates a more livable community, we state the following goals and objectives:
Goal: Encourage the use of urban agriculture in McCall as a means of increasing access to
healthy, local, and affordable foods, encouraging the productive use of vacant land, and
opening up more agriculture-based business opportunities.
• Objective: Encourage appropriate agricultural uses of urban land.
• Policies/Actions:
- Adopt zoning regulations that clearly define urban agriculture to include the cultivation of
fruits, vegetables, flowers, nuts, and like products, as well as raising farm animals.
- Adopt zoning regulations that discourage health and nuisance hazards sometimes associated
with agricultural activities, which may include setback requirements, yard size requirements,
complaint procedures, or permitting procedures.
- Appoint a government employee in an appropriate agency who can serve as the point person
on urban agricultural questions for residents.
• Objective: Promote more widespread use of urban agriculture.
• Policies/Actions:
- Identify additional zoning districts that would be appropriate in which to allow urban
agriculture.
- Expand community gardening opportunities.
• Objective: Encourage residents to use urban agriculture as a tool for economic
development.
• Policies/Actions:
Adopt zoning regulations that allow urban agriculture as a home occupation in appropriate
districts.
- Allow the on-site and off-site sale of products from urban agriculture where appropriate.
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Appendix C: Site assessment notes
In order to assess city-owned parcels for their utility for agriculture, the intern inventoried
over 70 city-owned parcels and omitted all dedicated rights-of-way, parcels explicitly
prohibiting agricultural use (for example, parcels dedicated to wetlands conservation or
whose restrictions dictate they maintain a "natural look"), the Ruby Street parcels with
affordable homes on them, the McCall Fire Department and McCall Golf Course grounds,
public parking lots, the cemetery and airport grounds, the water treatment and wastewater
treatment plants, public beaches, and any individual parcel less than 0.2 acres. Also omitted
from the study were parcels with high real estate value that the city can sell to generate
income for more affordable housing projects.
The remaining lands were assessed for their agricultural suitability. Assessment criteria
included their size, topography, aspect, access to water, drainage, current vegetative cover,
and other characteristics. In order to assess city-owned lands for agriculture, the intern used
the planning map to identify city-owned parcels, and then omitted
The agricultural potential of the remaining parcels is summarized here. See the LU Project 16
section for more detail about sites identified as useful for agriculture.
Agricultural
Site Name Parcel#/Address Potential? Notes
Potential garden site is too close to
neighbors in a currently natural-looking
park area. It would,likely cause
Karen St. park RPM05080020330 no arguments.
The Reserves on
Payette River RPM063700000BO no
South edge of
Chad loop and Dedicated open space with no parking
Morgan Drive RPM00000176930 no or structures allowed. .
3 acres but weird shape without ample
Deinhard NE side access. Current use is open space or
by bridge RPM00000172345 no ROW
River Front Park RPM00000179005 yes
Veteran's Park RPM0171003010A no Too small
Legacy Park RPM00000094957 no No available space
1}
Community gardeners tried to secure a
RPM00000092931 LOT grant to build a community garden
here, but homeowners fought it and
Brown's Park no LOT committee denied the application
Rotary Park RPM001300HO03A no Almost all beach
While small-scale gardens could be
incorporated into the master plan for
redeveloping that area, it isn't really
City Hall RPM00000096764 no useful for agriculture.
Could utilize its listing on the Natural
RPM00000087500 Register of Historic Places to highlight
Central Idaho historic agricultural and/or community
Historical Museum yes food systems practices
Art Roberts Park RPM0173001009A no No available space
Potential community garden space at
the back, in the triangle behind the
Fairway Park yes softball fields.
Owned by MURA. Best use is affordable
housing but could potentially be good
1614 Davis Ave. RPM00000091100 yes for agriculture or community gardens.
1203 Roosevelt
Ave. RPM0172015024A no not ample space for agriculture
Public Works
offices behind May RPM00000098130 no Used entirely by Public Works
Cleared, level ground ideal for
agriculture. Brownfield site,so building
406 Sampson Trail` greenhouses above ground could'be an
Old City Dump RPM0000009CTY1 yes innovative way to reclaim the space
Payette Lakes
Middle School/
Barbara Morgan
Elementary RPM00000154000 yes Could be wonderful for school gardens.
McCall-Donnelly
High School/ RPM0109002000A
Heartland High
School yes Could be wonderful for school gardens:.
1145 Heaven's
Gate RPM00000107255 no
Useful for community food systems, as
an interpretive garden highlighting wild
Lake Forest Park RPM01370000000 yes foods.
551Page
•_-,.' :-._.__.-.-^.-..--_ ... ._._--" ___•.:._ �....-.:. �-_`____.,--a-:,.=- __ '�E',.-___ter-....-� _.. __.�. _ _.. ___._ <,. - _
Appendix D: Additional recommendations for city planners
The following suggestions are excerpted from the American Planning Association's Policy
Guide on Community and Regional Food Planning. They seem particularly relevant for McCall
to consider as it moves toward prioritizing healthy alongside the other essentials of a
healthy community—air, water, and shelter.
• Undertake periodic assessments of community/regional food issues, including broad
community participation, and develop recommendations for actions.
• Partner with appropriate public agency and private stakeholder groups to develop
appropriate plans to build sufficient local and regional food reserves for emergencies,
including related communications, logistics, and transportation infrastructure, and to
restore food system integrity and operation after the emergency. Coordinate with
other agencies in the implementation of public outreach and education campaigns to
inform the community about food related emergency preparedness.
• Support the creation of marketing networks to bring together farmers, processors, and
purchasers of locally grown and produced foods.
• Provide data and mapping support to community and regional food assessments,
including the incidence of food insecurity and location of diverse food assets.
• Develop plans and redevelopment proposals for food insecure areas with sites and
incentives for community gardens, entrepreneurial urban agriculture projects, farmers
markets, neighborhood grocery stores, and food assistance programs.
• Food-related enterprises are among the most common type of small business
development and a way for many households to supplement income and achieve
economic stability. Assemble in partnership with other public agencies and
community-based organizations, economic development programs and incentives for
food-related enterprise development, job creation, and workforce development.
• Assist and support locally based efforts by Native American and other ethnic minority
communities, to identify and document community and ecological assets and cultural
traditions that are tied to food production, preparation, and consumption (e.g. salmon
runs, wild rice and nut-gathering, agricultural fairs, and ethnic and cultural festivals).
• Support planning that builds on and celebrates the diverse cultural, agricultural, and
dietary traditions present'in the region.
56 Page — — ----- -- ----- --
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Image Credits
All images included in this report are courtesy of Casey O'Leary, aside from the following:
Front cover carrot image: Creative commons: <a href='https://mocah.org/5410504-carrot-
vegetable-root-leaf-orange-rain bow-carot-root-vegetable-root-veggy-farming-farm-g row-
green-red-white-food-healthy-harvest-detail-creative-commons-images.html'>ID -
5410504</a>
Page 6: Sockeye Salmon image: US Department of the Fish and Wildlife:
https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.aspx?SpecieslD=915
Page 9: Food system graphic: US Department of Agriculture:
https://www.usda.gov/media/blog/2017/10/11/five-reason s-why-you-should-celebrate-farm-
school-month
Page 31: Stegner Farms image courtesy of Mary Stegner
Page 33: Valley County Comprehensive Plan image: Valley County website:
www.co.valley.id.us
Page 34: The Intervale image: From the Gardeners Supply blog:
https://www. ardeners.com/how-to/intervaLe/5446.html
Page 35: Greenhouses from above Creative Commons: File:Westland kassen.jpg
Page 36: Hydroponic Lettuce Creative Commons: File:Starr-150326-1657-Lactuca sativa-
several varieties-Hydroponics Greenhouse Sand Island-Midway Atoll (25174396501).jpg
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