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Home My Public Portal AboutCRWA_Watertown_EPA_Aug2018_finalversionGreening the Streets of Watertown Edenfield Avenue Green Street Demonstration Project dwr A Soak Up the Rain Webinar Watertown prof August 2018 Public . �rk� CRWA We re a!1 about fhrs town " Charles River Watershed • 80 miles from r �37 F.�m..n N n,us Mr lrnsr. , m" h I � •7U5 m i ; y,r . Hopkinton to Boston rr: �' - "; m ± E 1NG } . ' LIMLN1 ON hied ford Or 0 m U5ArmV ' Tininq r RR-SudHar or EVefetl � "N l5m 1 WALLLHA some rtiiGjh—elseja9 - j IfE VI TERTOWN E )i 1NBRlD InMF • 500 ft. elevation drop'"- -us�u�� -- WESTON nv�n ❑stud _� - 4% NEWTOg I;ur 1 Ir. • 308 square miles _ ELLS EY Ii L soWlhbo Igh ' 1 f ` lr�rn rrxj�.-Im j NEEDHAM • 1 million residents �rgfl— N�' �I J , 14 .A Narxl _ _ + .. DEDHA ��- slab SHER$f� NSk4 VER S W 35 municipalities P -- ;�m - P U HO LISTUN — _ EDFI D I _ rf MILLIS ' r.- • 23 cities and towns on } r'•i�lpv e I 1 � M QRD MED AY - —Y . - _ .. v W IF ra HIM s' the river l3r:I.JANG N) NORFUAIb a„�I •,, V � 1 L FrLH rt, F' Ah Nf l' V1[)N ] _ NKLIN -- �{llerbr:i77n: 92m 90 n: --Brlktc i -J •i H A Ir Foxboro I E.75b.n :... CRWA gg n, DBLorme, NAVTF Q. TomTom. Inle rma p. increment P Corp., dLk Se, IGN, Ka7la5W NL, Ordnance Survey. Esrl Japan. MET[, Esri.Chi r • Protecting, preserving and enhancing the Charles River and its watershed through science, advocacy and the law. • Founded in 1965 by concerned citizens Focused on a "science -based" understanding of interactions in the watershed Blue Cities: Restoring the Charles River through re -engineering the watershed CRWA Stormwater and Water Quality Typical pollutants in urban runoff: - Oils and Gasoline -Trash - Leaves and Mulch - Sediment - Bacteria - Nutrients - Heavy Metals 4iR+4 Fish Kill in the Lower Charles River Basin 44 WATERTOWN SQUARE Galen St,� 1'� Bridge ��. Nsea ! senal5t. Watertown Dom N. cHARtES arvex a°BridgeBeacon St. NONAMT[IM Rpp Field BRIGHTON Stretch of river with higher density of Fish kill Each icon represents 4-6 carp or large -mouth bass 4Vr carcasses reported in the Lower Charles in August Eliot Bridge ark 4= aadker Bridge on • 0.°P / say°leas 4iR�° wes Aye Arsenal St. River St. Bridge LLSTON Bridge MASS PIKE Fxir 1 B s as HARVARD `' �MR,� SQUARE \� a �mhNtl Sc `�11 2 Peal °ay a Nortfi Revere r Science Paint Par Weeks Museu\ yorw Bridge 5t. Pak CENTRAL St. lark SQUARE Teddy Ebersal Western Ave. _ �a �Si Red Sox geld Bridge Longfellow Lederman q Bridge T park e Oo4 / 1 t Oa / /CAM BRIDGE ASP. I i yaich Magazine �3"�0 � Shelf Beach y fsplan d I OH4 BIJ Bridge Harvard Bridge BOSTON �ommanxzalm Ayp, CRWA Watertown: Key Facts • Area: 2,668 acres or 4.2 square miles. • 36 acres drains to the Mystic (Wellington Brook) remainder drains to the Charles • Upstream of Waltham & Belmont, downstream of Newton. • Fully separate drainage & sewer systems. • 27 municipal outfalls to the Charles River and 10 non -municipal outfalls. • Key water features are the Charles River, Sawins Pond & Walker Pond. • Remainder of the Town's water resources are buried in— 63 miles of drain pipe (6-inch in diameter to 6-feet). • Most pipe is made of clay (leaky), large pipes are concrete. • 3,200 catch basins • Interconnections with Waltham, Belmont, and Newton. CRWA 1 ! NEWTON ELLE LEY 59 m / / NEEDHAM F r am i nth im � N DED ewatertowne a!1 about ...this town.'" Watertown: Key Facts/ Characteristics Land use: • 52% high density residential • 30% commercial and industrial • Population density is over 8,000 people per square mile, about 14,500 if only residentially zoned areas are considered. • Per EPA, we are 49% impervious. Topography and Soils • Low points at Charles River (elevations 17 to 25), gradually sloping up with a sharper slope approaching Belmont, highpoints about elevation 200. • Soils are generally good with areas of ledge and springs at higher elevations. Flooding • First sewer and drainage study published in 1879. • Drainage Master Plan in 1958 resulted in several improvements to address long-standing flooding issues in east and west ends. • Addition projects in 1990s and 2000s addressed trouble areas. • Majority of flooding is localized and occurs during heavy storms. e tertown error uCRWAe a!1 about this town " Watertown: It gets worse before it gets better! Town Requirements • NPDES Permit issued in 2003 requires six minimum control measures: public outreach and education, public involvement, IDDE, construction controls, post -construction controls, and good housekeeping • Consent Agreement with EPA in 1996 for IDDE • TMDL IDDE History • Stormwater Management Program Plan in 1998 • IDDE Plan approved by EPA in 2006, revised in 2011 (currently target 7 outfalls) • Illicit Discharge Ordinance in 2011 • Quarterly outfall sampling • 62% of sewer system has been smoke tested • 29 illicit discharges have been removed • Illicit discharges treated as emergency situations CRWA r WwnTF D8f0f Pc Wealp] ut ... this town.- Edenfield Avenue Green Street Demonstration Project - What is a Green Street? - Local Examples and Pilots - Project /Grant Background - Public Education and Outreach - Project Design & Implementation - Lessons Learned - Scaling up from the Pilot CRWA e tertownTF e all about ...this town.'" What is a Green Street? A street designed to: • be a visible component of a system of "green infrastructure" that is incorporated into the aesthetics of the community • integrate a system of stormwater management within its right of way • reduce the amount of water that is piped directly to streams and rivers • make the best use of the street tree canopy for stormwater interception as well as temperature mitigation and air quality improvement CRWA TF eWatertowne a!1 about ...this town.'" Green Street Benefits • Water quality improvements and volume reductions in stormwater being discharged into receiving bodies of water • Key linking component in community n efforts to develop local green infrastructure networks • Improves local air qualitybyproviding - interception of airborne particulates and shade for cooling • Reduces heat island effect • Increases property values • Calms traffic and improves pedestrian experience along the street right of way CRWA TF eWatertowne a!1 about ...this town.'" Green Street: Local Examples AH"aue St., Allston RE CRWA Chelsea Western Ave., Cambridge Fawcett St., Cambridge TF eWatertowne a!1 about ... fhis town �' 319 Grant and Project Background - Awarded by Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection under 319 Non -Point Source Pollution Grant Program - CRWA partnering with the DPW to design and implement a green street demonstration project at Edenfield Avenue - Public outreach efforts will be closely coordinated with the Town's Stormwater Advisory Committee - Green Infrastructure design by Horsley Witten Group, overall project engineering by WorldTech Engineering and construction by Newport Inc. CRWA TF eWatertowne a!1 about ...this town.'" Project Background and Goals - Excessive width (32') for a residential street, making it a good candidate for road diet - Deteriorated surface condition due to recently completed utility (gas, water and sewer) improvements - Implement a "green infrastructure" project in coordination with a road reconstruction project - Increase public awareness and interest in the issues related to stormwater pollution and the potential benefits that GI can provide - Increase departmental capacity to address current and future stormwater needs using low cost, proven technologies - Develop a standard process for incorporating GI into road reconstruction projects CRWA e tertowne a!1 about ...this town.'" Typical Road Reconstruction Elements - Road reclamation and paving - Drainage repairs -Granite curbing - Concrete sidewalks - Handicap ramps - Grass borders and street trees PROP. SIDEWALK EXIST. ROADWAY PROP. ROADWAY VARIES MATCH EXIST. 4" LOAM & SEE (�.4 I;IG s' REVEAL EXIST. GROUND"1�.5vMAX. 2,0%�TYP.) 2.0% (TYP.) 4E.. WALK SURFACE—` \ FULL DEPTH PAVEMENT RECLAMATION 8" GRAVEL BORROW, TYPE B 1 wHERE REQu I R ED /DIRECTED BY GRAN. CURB — TYPE VA-4 DPW SUPERINTENDENT (TYP.) '-4" LOAM do SEED CRWA PROP. SIDEWALK 4" LOAM & SEED (TYP.) 1,5 R' TYP EXIST. GROUND 4" CEM. CDNC, WALK SURFACE — 4" LOAM & SEED GRAN. CURB —TYPE VA-4 TF •CONSTRUCTION TOLERANCE f0.5R eWatertowne a!1 about ... fhis town.'" Watertown's Complete Streets Approach - Road diets - Accessible ramps - Pavement markings - Reduced crosswalk lengths - Curbing - "Bump outs" - Reduced corner radii - Reclaimed green space - Street trees CRWA TF eWatertowne a!1 about ... fhis town.'" Edenfield Avenue -Proposed Road Diet TOWN RIGHT-OF-WAY 32'-0"± EXISTING ROADWAY 5._O.l 7'-0" 26._0" 7._0" 5.-0.l SIDEWALK GRASS OR PROPOSED ROADWAY GRASS OR SIDEWALK GREEN GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE INFRASTRUCTURE AREA AREA EXISTING PAVEMENT ELEVATION EXIST. GROUND EXIST. GROUND NEW PAVEMENT CEMENT NEW GRANITE CURBING NEW GRANITECURBING CEMENT CONCRETE CONCRETE SIDEWALK ZLOAM &SEED; LOAM &SEED, SIDEWALK BIORETENTION AREA, OR BIORETENTION AREA, OR ENHANCED FILTER TREE TRENCH TYPICAL SECTION ENHANCED TREE FILTER TRENCH EDENFIELD AVENUE NOT TO SCALE TF _ J W*R�� Watertown �tof , Public . urk� CRWA We re a!1 about fhis town " Edenfield Avenue -Proposed Design LEGEND — — — EXISTING EDGE OF ROAD J- PROPOSED HOT MIX ASPHALT ROADWAY f PROPOSED CEMENT CONCRETE SIDEWALK/DRIVEWAY PROPOSED GRASS AREA PROPOSED CEMENT CONCRETE WHEELCHAIR RAMP • ��ii PROPOSED BIORETENTION AREA CRWA PROPOSED ENHANCED TREE FILTER TRENCH WatertownTF Detof Public . urkc We're alp] ...this town.- k IPb ala 0 FVatertown T igircE7z Public Outreach and Education 0 0 0 0 0 0 Public and staff meetings, site walk and visits during design phase and pre construction Pre and post construction stormwater monitoring One to one conversations with project abutters during site walk and construction Website updates, blog posts and news articles Role of the Stormwater Advisory Committee and public events (Faire on the Square) Construction Inspection and Documentation CRWA *R Tc Fi ENGINIEEMMO TF Le tertown y ublic e a!1 about ...this town.'" Public Outreach and Education CRWA *R TcC Fi ENGINEEFUNO Long -Term Operation and Maintenance Manual 5tonn water Improvements EdenfieId Avenue— Green Infrastructure Prepared for. Town of Watertown Qeparhnerd of Publ is Works 124 orchard Street Watertown, MR 02061 Prepared by: Horsley Witten Group, Inc. May 201 T Horsley Witten Group Spa#ar�ab+c E�rr+cnmanlaf Safufiorrs TF eWatertown error e a!1 about ...this town.'" Edenfield Avenue — Design and Implementation TPM ao� OM FAWNIT Mx" rrsmcfa 1 . t :. I ::.I• I SEE aw. R/ i-0Lf 7I �A q� f osnmh. � 4 1., 1 _ a Ater CRWA Project Award: 2016 Construction: 2017 Completion: Spring 2018 WaterWtertown �rr,rof town ... this town.'" Edenfield Ave. —Design and Construction Issues • Dense residential areas tend to have numerous utilities that need to be accounted for • Parking, walking path of travel, back of sidewalk considerations • Impacts to utilities and burial depths CRWA e tertownTF Ly error ublic �rk� e a!1 about ... fhis town �' Tree Trenches: Design Considerations • Perform test pits at each location to confirm soil properties • Work around existing utility services • Consider tree planting requirements . • Do you cut down a r healthy tree to install a tree trench? . oeR Tc Fi C RWA ENGINEEMP40 TF eWatertowne a!1 about ... fhis town.'" Tree Trenches: Construction Considerations • Install a tee to the underdrain at the same time as the catch basin so you do not need to excavate the catch basin again CRWA *R TcC Fi ENGINE EMP40 i eWatertowne a!1 about ...this town.'" Bio-swales: Design Considerations STABILIZE SIDE SLOPES WITH TOP SOIL, PLUGS, AND OVER SEEDING. 6" VERTICAL GRANITE CURB (SEE DETAIL) PAVEMENT 6.5' VARIES 0.8 - 1.33' t 5' CONCRETE SIDEWALK (TYP.) _ VARIES _ 3.0 - 3.8' 1 112% SLOP O (TYP.) 2 10"-14" 12"-15" 3 1� PENNSYLVANIASEDGE MAX. I I i AND BLUE FLAG (SEE LANDSCAPING ,� di, lid ti MAX 'SCHEDULE STABILIZE SIDE SLOPES WITH TOP SOIL, JUTE 'MATTING, PLUGS, AND OVER SEEDING. \ \/\ 18' BIO SOIL 3" PEA GRAVEL BIOSWALE TYPICAL SECTION NOT TO SCALE • The bioswales make use of the "grass border" between the street and sidewalk • Must consider the sidewalk elevation, which are controlled by the back of sidewalk and ADA requirements 401 e tertown - error C RWA EI► e a!1 about ...this town.'" Bio-swales: Design Considerations CHECK DAM GRANITE ELEV: C1 INFLOW (INLET) STONE SPLASH PAD TYP. (SEE DETAIL) CELL CELL ENGTH OFSYSTEP CURB CHECK DAM GRANITE OUTFLOW `ELF : C2 (OUTLET) CELL NOTES: �.. -. SEE BIORETENTION SCHEDULE FOR ALL SPECIFIED ELEVATIONS 2. THIS IS A TYPICAL PROFILE; SEE PLANS FOR NUMBER OF CELL$ AND SCH EDULE FOR CELL LENGTH 3. SIDE SLOPES WILL VARY BETWEEN 3:1 AND 2:1, SEE BIOSWALE TYPICAL SECTION . GRADE UP TO MATCH ELEVATIONS AT TOP OF SLOPE. 4. PROFILE SHOWS ELEVATIONS FOR UP TO 3 CELLS. IF SCHEDULE SP=CIFIES GREATER OR LESS THAN 3 CELLS, FOLLOW ELEVATION PATTERN THAT HAS BEEN LAID OUT IN BIOSWALE TYPICAL PROFILE BIOSWALE TYPICAL PROFILE NOT TO SCALE • Check dams are required to create cells of level bio-swale • Granite curb was used to separate each cell • The cell holds water back for treatment and infiltration • Steeper bio-swales require more cells WRLTC I—F d0i C RWA EKING Llyr TF eWatertownror e a!1 about ... fhis town.'" Bio-swales: Design Considerations • A concrete pad forms the inlet for to the bio-swale • High flows will by- pass the inlet • Will also allow by- pass during snow season . WR TcCFi C RWA ENGINEEMP40 e tertownTF error L ublic �rkc e a!1 about ... fhis town.'" Bio-swales: Design Considerations • Important for stakeholders to understand the design intent of the bio-swale • Use appropriate plantings (salt and drought tolerant, native, etc.) • Consider maintenance requirements • Erosion control • Special soil matrix . *eR Tc Fi C RWA ENGINEEMP40 watertown Detof Public We're alp] ...this town.- Bio-swales: Construction Considerations • Field adjustments to road and curb elevations impact Swale construction k . *R TcC Fi C RWA ENGINEEMP40 e tertownTF error L ublic �rkc e a!1 about ... fhis town �' Bio-swales: Construction Considerations • Important to preorder plants for bio-swales and minimize substitutions on day of installation TF J Llyr W� e tertown �tof ublic �rk� C RWA e a!1 about fhis town " CRWA Bio-swales: In Action All. *R Tc Fi14 ENGINE EMP40 Llyr TF Weerror Public V}le're a!1 about ... fhis town.'" Bio-Swales versus Tree Trenches Bio-Swales Pros • High visibility • Obvious a stormwater feature • Easy to maintain • Can be used in areas with higher groundwater Cons • Need resident buy -in • Neighborhood context and aesthetics • Requires detailed design • Can be significantly impacted by field changes • Need more space Watertown error . W R T� � Public �rk� EhiGhIC* CRWA We re a!1 about this town " Bio-Swales versus Tree Trenches Tree Trenches Pros • Easy to design • Easy to maintain • Can work around existing utilities • Easy to retrofit existing catch basins • Can store and treat more runoff CRWA Cons • Low visibility (hidden) • More difficult to maintain • Requires good soils • Requires greater depth to ground water WatertownTF error try V}le're a!1 about ... fhis town.'" Edenfield Ave. Post -Construction TF J ff Watertown �tof �� LTY Public CRWA We're a!1 about ...this town' Edenfield Ave.- Lessons Learned • Outreach and education, including public officials, is critical to the success of the project • Careful consideration is needed scoping out locations and during design • Tree trenches are easier to design and construct • Bioswales require detailed design and careful construction, but are more visible to the public CRWA e tertownTF Ly error ublic �rk� e a!1 about ... fhis town.'" Scaling -up from Eclenfield Ave. Pilot • Using interest and perceived success of the project to advocate for future funding of green infrastructure — Installing two tree trenches as part of 2018 Road Reconstruction program — Installing two tree trenches and a "signature" bioretention area as part of Common Street redesign — Public -private partnerships • Maintenance of green infrastructure an on -going concern CRWA YF eWatertowne a!1 about ...this town.'" Where We Stand Now & Moving Forward Over 55 miles of drainage pipes (6 inches in diameter to over 6 feet) conveying stormwater from our catch basins to our stormwater outfalls • Total Maximum Daily Load for Phosphorous Pollutant carrying capacity of the river • 62.4 % reduction in phosphorous required for Watertown • Watertown has to remove 613 kg/year of phosphorus Regulations Related to Stormwater • DPW Street Opening Permit Rules & Specifications —DPW Site Plan Review • DPW Drainage Policy • Zoning Regulations encourages stormwater management & LID techniques. • Sanitary Sewer & Storm Drain Regulations • Stormwater Management & Erosion Control Ordinance CRWA 570 Arsenal Street, Marriott e tertowne a!1 about ...this town.'" Where We Stand Now & Moving Forward Key SW Activities • Street sweeping done by Town • Catch basin cleaning • Plan review • Stormwater Advisory Committee • 604b and 319 Grants Key Challenges • IDDE/Dry weather flows • Wet weather flows • Redevelopment TREE TRENCH 1 Watertown CRWA We're all about this town-