HomeMy Public PortalAboutORD05652 ORDINANCE # 5652
AN ORD111AvCE RECIIJUTING Ai,iD CO1*TROLLI1;G TPE PLITI, lli,Cr TPADE WITITIN
THE CITY OF JI"FFERSO"', r•'ISSOUTTa , TO U 11,1'OW"T AS THE CODE
OF THE CITY OF JEFFERSO • , MISSCURI; PROVILIUG A PENALTY 1�OR VIOLA-
TIONS THEREOF; AND REPEALING ALL, ORDINANCES OR PARTS OF ORDIPANCES
IN CONFLICT H,1',_1'.EWITH.
BE IT ORDAINED 13Y THF, CITY COUNCIL CF THE CITY ('F' 11EFFET?S0119
MISS01-RI., AS FOLLOWS:
CHAPTER
,rITI.E AND SCOPE
1.1 This ordinance shall be known as the Plumbing Code of the
City of Jefferson, may be so cited,and will be referred to in this ordinance
as this code. The administration and enforcement of this ordinance shall
be the duty of the Plumbing Inspector, of the City of Jefferson, who is
hereby authorized to take such action as may be reasonably necessary to
enforce the purpose of this ordinance. Such person or persons may be
appointed and authorized as assistants or agents of such administrative
authority as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this ordi-
nance.
1.2 The provisions of this code shall apply to and govern plumbing
as defined in this code,including the practice, materials,and fixtures used
in the installation, maintenance, extension, and alteration of all piping,
fixtures, appliances, and appurtenances in connection with any of the
following: Sanitary drainage facilities,the venting system,and the public
or private water supply systems, within or adjacent to any building or
other structure, or conveyance; also the practice and materials used in
the installation, maintenance, extension, or alteration of the sewerage
system of any premises to their connection with any point of public
ADM
disposal or other terminal.
CHAPTrit 2
DEFINI'HONS
1.1 General.
1.1.1 For the purpose of this code, the following terms shall have
the meaning indicated in this chapter.
1.1.2 No attempt is made to define ordinary words which are used
in accordance with their established dictionary meaning except where
the word has been loosely used and it is necessary to define its meaning
as used in this code to avoid misunderstanding.
1.1.3 Because the primary purpose is to define terms rather than
words, the definitions are arranged alphabetically according to the first
word of the term rather than the noun.
1.2 Definition of terms.
Administrative authority.—The administrative authority is the in-
dividual official, board,department,or agency established and authorized
by a State, county, city, or other political subdivision created by law to
administer and enforce the provisions of the plumbing code as adopted
or amended.
Air gap.—An air gap in a water-supply system is the unobstructed
vertical distance thropgh the free atmosphere between the lowest opening
from any pipe or faucet supplying water to a tank, plumbing fixture, or
other device and the flood-level rim of the receptacle.
Anchors.—See Supports.
Approved.—Approved means accepted or acceptable under an ap-
plicable specification stated or cited in this Code, or accepted as suitable
for the proposed use under procedures and powers of the administrative
authority.
Area drain.—An area drain is receptable designed to collect surface
or rain water from an open area.
Backflow.—Backilow is the flow of water or other liquids, mixtures,
or substances into the distributing pipes of a potable supply of water
from any source or sources other than its intended SOUR.e. (See 1.31;!Ck-
7 _771
Back/low connection.—Mick flow connection or condition is any ar-
rangement whereby backflow can occur.
Back-flow preventer.—A backflow preventer is a device or means to
prevent backflow into the potable water system.
Back-siphonage.—I3ack-siphonage is the flowing back of used, con- j
taminated, or polluted water from a plumbing fixture or vessel into a
water-supply pipe due to a negative pressure in such pipe. (See Back- yy
flow.)
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Battery of ffixlures.- A "battery eiY fixtures" is ally group of two or
more similar adjacent fixtures which discharge into a common horizontal
waste or soil branch.
Boiler blow-off.—A boiler blow-ofT is an outlet on a boiler to permit
emptying or discharge of sediment.
Branch.—A branch is any part of the piping system other than a
main, riser, or stack.
Branch,fixture.—See Fixture Branch.
Branch, horizontal.—See horizontal Branch.
Branch interval..,A branch interval is a length of soil or waste stack
corresponding in general to a story height, but in no case less than 8 feet,
within which the horizontal branches from one floor or story of a building
are connected to the stack.
*Branch vent.—A branch vent is a vent connecting one or more in-
dividual vents with a vent stack or stack vent.
Building.—A building is a structure built, erected, and framed of
j 1 component structural parts designed for the housing, shelter, enclosure,
for support of persons, animals, or property of any kind. ;
Building drain.—The building (house) drain is that part of the lowest
piping of a drainage system which receives the discharge from soil, waste,
and other drainage pipes inside the walls of the building and conveys it
to the building (house) sewer beginning 3 feet outside the building wall.
Building sewer.—The building (house) sewer is that part of the
horizontal piping of a drainage system which extends from the end of the
building drain and which receives the discharge of the building drain and
conveys it to a public sewer, private sewer, individual sewage-disposal
system,or other point of disposal.
Building stoma drama.—A building (house) storm drain is a building
drain used for conveying rain water, surface water, ground water, sub-
surface water, condensate, cooling water, or other similar discharge to a
building storm sewer or a combined building sewer, extending to a point
not less than 3 feet outside the building wall.
Building storm sewer.—A building (house) storm sewer is the exten-
sion from the building storm drain to the public storm sewer, combined
sewer, or other point of disposal.
Building subdrain.-A building (house) subdrain is that portion of a
drainage system which cannot drain by gravity into the building sewer.
Circuit vent.—A circuit vent is a branch vent that serves two or more
traps and extends from in front of the last fixture connection of a hori-
zontal branch to the vent stack.
Code.—The word "code" when used alone shall mean these regula-
tions, subsequent amendments thereto, or any emergency rule or regu-
lation which the administrative authority having jurisdiction may law-
fully adopt.
- Combination fixture.—A combination fixture is a fixture combining
one sink and tray or a two-or three-compartment sink or tray in one unit.
Combined building sewer.—A combined building sewer receives.storm
! water and sewage.
Combination waste and vent system.—A combination waste and vent
system is a specially designed system of waste piping embodying the
horizontal wet venting of one or more sinks or floor drains by means of a
common waste and vent pipe adequately sized to provide free movement
of air above the flow line of the drain.
Common vent,—A common vent is a vent connecting at the junction
of two fixture drains and serving as a vent for both fixtures.
WW Conductor.—See Leader.
Continuous vent.—A continuous vent is a vertical vent that is a con-
tinuation of the drain to which.it connects,
Continuous waste.--A continuous waste is a drain from two or three
: .�ti<
fixtures connected to a single trap.
20�
t rocs-connection.---A cross-connection is any I-rhysical connection or
arrangement between two otherwise separate piping systems, one of
! which contains potable water and the other water of unknown or ques-
tionable safety, whereby wetter may flow from one system to the other,
the direction of flow depending on the pressure differential between the
two systems. (See Backflow and Back-Siplionage.)
Dead end.—A dead end is a branch leading from a Soil, waste, or
vent pipe, building drain, or building sewer, which is terminated at a
developed distance of 2 feet or more by means of a plug or other closed
fitting.
Developed length.—The developed length of a pipe is its length along
the center line of the pipe and fittings.
Diameter.—Unless specifically stated, the term "diameter" is the
nominal diameter as designated commercially.
Double Offset.—A double offset is-two changes of direction installed
in succession or series in continuous pipe.
Downspout.—See Leader.
Drain.—A drain is any pipe which carries waste water or water-
borne wastes in a building drainage system.
Drainage system.—A drainage system (drainage piping) includes all
the piping within public or private premises, which conveys sewage, rain
water, or other liquid wastes to a legal point of disposal, but does not in-
clude the mains of a public sewer system or a private or public sewage-
treatment or disposal plant.
Dual vent.^See Common vent.
Durham system.—Durham system is a term used to describe soil or
waste Systems where all piping is of threaded pipe, tubing, or other such
4rigid construction, using recessed drainage fittings to correspond to the
types of piping.
Effective opening.—The effective opening is the minimum cross-
f .
sectional area at the point of water-supply discharge, measured or ex- i
pressed in terms of (1) diameter of a circle, (2) if the opening is not cir-
cular, the diameter of a circle of equivalent cross-sectional area. (This
is applicable to air gap.)
Existing work.—Existing work is a plumbing system or any part
I thereof which has been installed prior to the effective date of this code.
Fixture branch.—A fixture branch is a pipe connecting several fixtures.
Fixture drain.—A fixture drain is the drain from the trap of a fixture
to the junction of that drain with any other drain pipe.
Fixture supply.—A fixture supply is a water-supply pipe connecting
the fixture with the fixture branch.
Fixture unit.—A fixture unit is a quantity in terms of which the load-
producing effects on the plumbing system of different kinds of plumbing
fixtures are expressed on some arbitrarily chosen scale.
Fixture-unit flow rate.—Fixture-unit flow rate is the total discharge
flow in g. p. m. of a single fixture divided by 7.5 which provides the flow
rate of that particular plumbing fixture as a unit of flow. Fixtures are
rated as multiples of this unit of flow.
Flood level.—See Flooded.
Flood-level rim.—The flood-level rim is the top edge of the recep-
tacle from which water overflows.
Flooded.—A fixture is flooded when the liquid therein rises to the
flood-level rim.
Flush valves.—A flush valve is a device located at the bottom of the
tank for the purpose of flushing water closets and similar fixtures.
Flushometer valve.—A flushometer valve is a device which discharges
a predetermined quantity of water to fixtures for flushing purposes and
is actuated by direct water pressure.
Frostproof closet.—A frostproof closet is a hopper that has no water
in the bowl and has the trap and the control valve for its water supply
installed below the frost line.
Grade.--Grade is the slope or fail of a line of pipe in reference to a
horizontal plane. In drainage it is usually expressed as the fall in a frac-
tion of an inch per foot length of pipe.
Grease in Interceptor.
Grease trap.—See Interceptor.
Mangers.—See Supports.
Horizontal branch.—A horizontal branch is a drain pipe extending
laterally from a soil or waste stack or building; drain, with or without
vertical sections or branches, which receives the discharge from one or
V2202
more fixture drains and conducts it to the soil or waste stack or to the
building (house) drain.
Horizontal pipe.—A horizontal pipe is any pipe or fitting which is
installed in a horizontal position or which makes an angle of less than
45* with the horizontal.
House drai►.—Sce Building Drain.
House sewer.—See Building Sewer.
House trap.—See Building Trap.
Indirect waste pipe.—An indirect waste pipe is a pipe that does not
c6linect directly with the drainage system but conveys liquid wastes by
discharging into a plumbing fixture or receptacle which is directly con-
nected to the drainage system.
Individual vent.—An individual vent is a pipe installed to vent a
fixture trap and which connects with the vent system above the fixture
served or terminates in the open air.
Industrial wastes.—I ndustrial wastes are liquid wastes resulting from
the processes employed in industrial establishments and are free of fecal
matter.
Insanitary.—Contrary to sanitary principles—injurious to health.
Interceptor.—An interceptor is a device designed and installed so as
to separate and retain deleterious, hazardous, or undesirable matter
from normal wastes and permit normal sewage or liquid wastes to dis-
charge into the disposal terminal by gravity.
Leaching well or pit.—See Individual Sewage-Disposal System in
appendix B.
Leader.—A leader (downspout) is the water conductor from the roof
to the building storm drain, combined building sewer, or other means of
disposal.
Liquid waste.—Liquid waste is the discharge from any fixture, ap-
pliance, or appurtenance, in connection with a plumbing system which
does not receive fecal matter.
Load factor.—Load factor is the percentage of the total connected
fixture unit flow rate which is likely to occur at any point in the drain-
age system. It varies with the type of occupancy, the total flow unit
above this point being considered, and with the probability factor of
simultaneous use.
Local ventilating pipe.—A local ventilating pipe is a pipe on the fix-
ture side of the trap through which vapor or foul air is removed from a
room or fixture.
Loop vent.—A loop vent is the same as a circuit vent except that it
loops back and connects with a stack vent instead of a vent stack.
Main.—The main of any system of continuous piping is the prin-
cipal artery of the system, to which branches may be connected.
s er._L. e Public Sewer. ..........
Main vent.—The main vent is the principal artery of the venting
system, to which vent branches may be connected.
May.—The word "may" is a permissive term.
Offset.—An offset in a line of piping is a combination of elbows or
bends which brings one section of the Pipe out of line but into a line
parallel with the other section.
Person.—Person is a natural person, his heirs, executors, adminis-
trators, or assigns;and includes a firm, partnership or corporation, its or
their successors or assigns. Singular includes plural;male includes female,
Pitch.—See Grade.
Plumbing.—Plumbing includes the practice, material,,, and fixtures
used in the installation, maintenance, extension, and alteration of all
piping, fixtures, appliances, and appurtenances in connection with any
of the following: Sanitary drainage or storm drainage facilities, th e vent-
ing system and the public or private water-supply systems, within or
adjacent to any building, structure, or conveyance; also the practice and
materials used in the installation, maintenance, extension, or alteration
of the storm-water, liquid-waste, or Sewerage, and water-supply systems
of any premises to their connection with any point of public disposal or
other acceptable terminal.
Plumbing fixtures.—Plumbing fixtures are installed receptacles,
devices, or appliances which are supplied with water or Which receive or
discharge liquids or liquid-borne wastes, with or without discharge into
the drainage system with which they may be directly or indirectly con.
nected.
Plumbing inspector.—See Administrative authority.
Plumbing system.—The plumbing system includes the water-supply
and distribution pipes,plumbing fixtures and traps;soil, waste, and vent
pipes; building drains and building sewers including their respective con-
nections, devices, and appurtenances within the property lines of the
nropiao, and w4terttreatiqg or water-using equip%ent.
Pool.--A pool is water receptacle used for swimming err asa plunge
or other bath, designed to accommodate more than one bather at a flille.
Potable ivater.--Potable water is water which is satisfactory for
drinking, culinary, and domestic purposes, and meets the requirements
of the health authority having jurisdiction.
Private or private use.—In the Classification of plumbing fixtures,
private applies to fixtures in residences and apartments and to fixtures
in private bathrooms of hotels and similar installations where the fixtures
are intended for the lisp of a family or an individual.
Private sewcr.•—A. private sewer is a sewer privately owned and not
directly controlled by public authority.
Public or public itse.—fn'A"6*classification Of-I)ILInibing.'6xtures,
public applies to fixtures in general toilet roonis of schools, gymnasiums,
hotels, railroad stations, public buildings, bar.,;, public comfort stations,
or places to which the public is invited or which are frequented by tile
public without special permission or special invitation, and other installa-
tions (whether pay or free) where a number of fixtures are installed so
that their use is similarly unrestricted.
Public official.—See Administrative authority.
Public sewer.—A public sewer is a common sewer directly controlled
by public authority.
Relief vent.—A relief vent is a vent the primary function of which is
to provide circulation of air between drainage and vent systems.
Rettern offsel.—A return offset is a double offset installed so as to
return the pipe to its original alinement.
Revent pipe.—'A revent pipe (sometimes called an individual vent)
is that part of a vent pipe line which connects directly with an individual
waste or group of wastes, underneath or back of the fixture, and extends
either to the main or branch vent pipe.
Rim.—A rim is an unobstructed open edge of a fixture.
Riser.—A riser is a water-supply pipe which extends vertically one
full story or more to convey water to branches or fixtures.
Roof drain.—A roof drain is a drain installed to receive water Col-
lecting on the surface of a roof and to discharge it into the leader 'down-
spout).
Roughing-in.—Roughing-in is the installation of all parts of the
plumbing system which can be completed prior to the installation of fix-
tures. This includes drainage, water-supply, and vent piping, and the
necessary fixture supports.
Sand interceptor.—See Interceptor.
Sanitary sewer.---A sanitary sewer is a pipe which carries sewage and
excludes storm, surface, and ground water.
Second hand.—Second hand as applied to material or plumbing
equipment is that which has been installed, and has been used, removed,
and passed to another ownership or possession.
Separator.—See Interceptor.
Septic tank.—A septic tank is a watertight receptacle which receives
the discharge of a drainage system or part thereof, and is designed and
constructed so as to separate solids from the liquid,digest organic matter
through a period of detention, and allow the liquids to discharge into 66
soil outside of the tank through a system of open-joint or perforated pip-
ing, or disposal pit.
Sewage.—Sewage is any liquid waste containing animal or vegetable
matter in suspension or solution, and may"include liquids containing
chemicals in solution.
Shall.--I'he word "sliall" is a mandatory term.
Side vent.—A side vent is a vent connecting to the drain pipe through
a fitting at an angle not greater than 45* to the vertical.
Size of Pipe and tubing.—See Diameter.
Slope.—See Grade.
Soil pipe.—A soil Pipe is any pipe which conveys the discharge of
water closets, urinals, or fixtures having similar functions, with or with-
out the discharge from other fixtures, to the building drain or building
sewer.
Soil vent.—See Slack-vent.
Special waste pipe.—See chapter 9.
Stack.—A stack is the vertical main of a system of soil, waste, or
vent piping.
Stack group.—Stack group is a term applied to the location of fix-
tures in relation to the stack so that by means of proper fittings, vents
may be reduced to a minimum;,
204,
Stack-veto.—A stack-vent (sometimes called a waste vent or soil
vent) is the extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest hori-
zontal drain connected to the stack.
Stack venting.--Stack venting is a method of venting a fixture or
fixtures through the soil or waste stack.
Store:drain.—See Building storm drain.
Storm sewer.—A storm sewer is a sewer used for conveying rain
water, surface water, condensate, cooling water, or similar liquid wastes,
exclusive of sewage and industrial waste.
Subsoil drain.—A subsoil drain is a drain which receives only sub-
surface or seepage water and conveys it to a place of disposal.
Sump.—A sump is a tank or pit which receives sewage or liquid
waste, located below the normal grade of the gravity system and which
must be emptied by mechanical means.
-Sup?oorts:Supports, hangers, and anchors are devices for support-
I ing and securing pipe and fixtures to walls, ceilings, floors, or structural
members.
Trap.—A trap is a fitting or device so designed and constructed as
to provide, when properly vented, a liquid seal which will prevent the
back passage of air without materially affecting the flow of sewage or
jwaste water through it.
Trap seal.The trap seal is the maximum vertical depth of liquid
that a trap will retain, measured between the crown weir and the top of
the dip of the trap.
Vacuum breaker.—See Backffow preventer.
Vent pipe.—See Vent system.
Vent stack.—A vent stack is a vertical vent pipe installed primarily
for the purpose of providing circulation of air to and from any part of the
�dcainn system. _
Vent system.—A vent system is a pipe or pipes installed to provide a
flow of air to or from a drainage system or to provide a circulation of air
within such system to protect trap seals from siphonage and back pres-
sure,
Vertical pipe.—A vertical pipe is any pipe or fitting which is installed
in a vertical position or which makes an angle of not more than 45°with
the vertical.
Waste.—See Liquid waste and industrial wastes.
Waste pipe.—A waste pipe is a pipe which conveys only liquid waste,
free of fecal matter.
Water-distributing pipe.—A water-distributing pipe in a building
or premises is a pipe which conveys water from the water-service pipe to
the plumbing fixtures and other water outlets.
Water main.—The water (street) main is a water-supply pipe for
public or community use.
Water outlet.—A water outlet, as used in connection with the water-
distributing system, is the discharge opening for the water (1) to a fix-
ture; (2) to atmospheric pressure (except into an open tank which is part
of the water-supply system); (3) to a boiler or heating system; (4) to any
water-operated device or equipment requiring water to operate, but not
a part of the plumbing system.
Water riser pipe.—See Riser.
Water-service pipe.—The water-service pipe is the pipe from the water
main or other source of water supply to the building served.
Water-supply system.The water-supply system of a building, or
premises consists of the water-service pipe, the water-distributing pipes,
and the necessary connecting pipes, fittings, control valves, and all ap-
,:f purtenances in or adjacent to the building or premises.
Wet vent.—A wet vent is a vent which receives the discharge from
wastes other than water closets.
Yoke vent.—A yoke vent is a pipe connecting upward from a soil or
waste stack to a vent stack for the purpose of preventing pressure changes
in the stacks.
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('11APTHR 3
GENERAL REGULATIONS
2.1 Conformance with code.
2.1.1. All plumbing systems hereafter installed shall conform at
least with the provisions of this code.
2.2 Grade of horizontal drainage piping.
2.2.1 Horizontal drainage piping shall be run in practical aline-
ment at a uniform grade. (See Sec. 11.3 for specific slopes.)
2.3 Change in direction.
2.3.1 Fittings.—Changes in direction in drainage piping shall be
made by the appropriate use of 45' Y's, long-or-short-sweep quarter
bends, sixth, eighth, or sixteenth bends, or by a combination of these
or equivalent fittings. Single and double sanitary T's and quarter bends
may be used in drainage lines only where tile direction of flow is from the
horizontal to the vertical.
2.4 Fittings and connections.
2.4.1 Fittings prohibited.—No fitting having a hub in the direction
opposite to flow, or T branch shall be used as a drainage fitting. No
running threads, bands, or saddles shall be used in the drainage system.
No drainage or vent piping shall be drilled or tapped.
2.4.2 Heel or side-inlet bend.—A heel or side-inlet quarter bend
shall not be used as a vent when the inlet is placed in a horizontal position.
2.4.3 Obstruction to flow.—No fitting,connection,device,or method
of installation which obstructs or retards the flow of water, wastes, sew-
age, or air in the drainage or venting systems in an amount greater than
the normal frictional resistance to flow,shall be used unless it is indicated
as acceptable in this code or is approved by the administrative authority
as having a desirable and acceptable function and as of ultimate benefit
to the proper and continuing functioning of the plumbing system. The 7
enlargement of a 3-inch closet bend or stub to 4 inches shall not be con-
sidered an obstruction. None of the methods described in section 2.28.1,
shall be considered as restriction to flow.
2.5 Repairs and alterations.
23.1 Existing buildings.—In existing buildings or premises in
which plumbing installations are to be altered, repaired, or renovated,
deviations from the provisions of this code are permitted, provided such
deviations are found to be necessary, conform to the intent of this code,",
and are approved in writing by the administrative authority.
2.5.2 Health or safety.—Wherever compliance with all the provi-
sions of this code fails to eliminate or alleviate a nuisance which may
involve health or safety hazards, the owner or his agent shall install such
additional plumbing or drainage equipment as may be found necessary
by the administrative authority.
2.6 Sewer and water pipes.
2.6.1 Water service pipes, or any underground water pipes, shall
not be run or laid in the same trench as the building sewer or drainage
piping, except as provided for in chapters 10 and It.
2.7 Trench*ing, excavation, and backfill.
2.7.1 Support of piping.—Buried piping shall be supported through-
out its entire length.
2.7.2 Tunneling and driving.—Tunneling may be done in yards,
courts, or driveways of any building site. When pipes are driven, the
.drive pipe shall be at least one size larger than the pipe to be laid.
2.7.3 Open trenches.—All excavations required to be made for the
installatio-i-o of a building-drainage system, or any part thereof within
the walls building, shall be open trench work and shall be kept open
until the piping has been inspected, tested, and accepted.
2.7.4 Mechanical excavation.—Mechanical means of excavation may
be used.
2.7.5 Backfilling.—Adequate precaution'shall be taken to'insure
proper compactness of backfill around piping without damage to such
piping.
2.7.6 Backfill material.—Trenches shall be backfilled in thin layers
to 12 inches above the top of the piping with clean earth whit"Ji shall not
contain stones, boulders, cinder-fill, or other materials which would dam-
age or break the piping or cause corrosive action. Mechanical devices
such as bulldozers, graders, etc., may then be used to complete backfill to
grade. Fill shall be properly compacted.
206
2.8 Structural eafety.
2.8.1 in the process of installing or repairing any part of a plumb-
ing and drainage installation, the finished floors, walls, Ceilings, the work,
or any other part of the building 6r.premises which must be changed or f
replaced shall be left in a safe structural condition as determined by the 1
proper administrative authority.
2.9 'Workmanship.
2.9.1 Workmanship shall conform to generally accepted good
practice. !
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2.10 Protection of pipes.
2.10.1 Breakage and corrosion.--Pipes passing under or through
walls shall be protected from breakage. Pipes passing through or under
cinder or concrete or other'corrosive material, shall be protected against
external corrosion by protective coating,wrapping,or other means which
will prevent such corrosion.
2.10.2 Culting or notching.—No structural member shall be weak-
ened or impaired by cutting, notching, or otherwise, except to the extent
permitted by the proper administrative authority.
2.10.3 Pipcs through footings or foundation walls.—A soil or waste
,. pipe, or building drain passing under a footing or through a foundation
wall shall be provided with a relieving arch; or there shall be built into
the,masonry wall an iron-pipe sleeve two pipe sizes greater than the pipe
passing through or equivalent protection shall be provided as may be
approved in writing by the administrative authority.
+ 2.10.4 Freezing.—No water, soil, or waste pipe shall be installed or `.
1 permitted outside of a building or in an exterior wall unless adequate
provision is made to protect such pipe from freezing where necessary.
2.11 Damage to drainage system or public sewey.
2.11.1 It shall be unlawful for any person to deposit by any means
into the building drainage system or sewer any ashes; cinders; rags; in-
flammable, poisonous, or explosive liquids; gases; oils; grease; or any
other material which would or could obstruct, damage, or overload such
k system or sewer.
2.12 Industrial wastes.
2.12.1. Wastes detrimental to the public sewer system or detri-
mental to the functioning of the sewage-treatment plant shall be treated
and disposed of as found necessary and directed by the administrative
authority or other authority having jurisdiction.
i 2.13 Sleeves.
2.13.1 Annular space between sleeves and pipes shall be filled or
tightly calked with coal tar or asphaltum compound, lead, or other
t material found equally effective and approved as such by the admin-
istrative authority.
2.14 Ratproofing.
F 2.14.1 Exterior openings.—All exterior openings provided for the
passage of piping shall be properly sealed with snugly fitting collars of
metal or other approved ratproof material securely fastened into place.
2.14.2 Interior openings.—Interior openings through walls, floors,
and ceilings shall be ratproofed as found necessary by the administrative
authority.
2.15 Used or second-hand equipment.
2.15.1 It shall be.unlawful to purchase, sell, or install used equip-
ment or material for plumbing installation unless it complies with the
minimum standards set forth in this Code.
2.16 Condemned equipment.
2.16.1 Any plumbing equipment condemned by the administrative
F; authority because of wear,damage,defects,or sanitary hazards, shall not
be reused for plumbing purposes.
2.17 Depth of building sewer and water service (outside of
building).
2.17.1 Sewers and water-service piping shall be installed below the
recorded frost penetration, but in no case less than 2 feet 0 inches for
sewer and 2 feet 6 inches for water piping below grade.
2.18 Piping in relation to footings.
x1.18.1 Parallel.—No piping shall be laid parallel to footings or out.
side bearing walls closer than 3 feet, except as may be approved by the
administrative authority, upon a finding that a less distance is safe.
Such piping installed deeper than footings or bearing walls shall be 45°
therefrom, except as may be approved by the administrative authority,
upon a finding that a greater angle is safe.
1,97 .
2.19 Drainagetelow newer level.
2.19.1 Drainage piping located below the level of the sewer shall he
installed as provided for in chapters 10 and 11.
2.20 Connections to plumbing system required.
2.20,1 All plumbing fixtures,drains, appurtenances, and appliances
used to receive or discharge liquid wastes or sewage shall be connected
properly to the drainage system of the building or premises, in accordance
with the requirements of this code.
2.21 Sewer required.
2.21,1 Every building in which plumbing fixtures are installed
shall have a connection to it public or private sewer except as provided in
paragraph 2.22.1.
2.22 Individual or private sewage-disposal system.
2.22.1 When it public sewer is not available for use, sewage and ;
drainage piping shall be connected to an individual sewage-disposal j
system found to be adequate and approved by the administrative au-
thority. (See appendix B.)
2.23 Location of fixtures.
2.23.1 Light and Ventilation.—Plumbing fixtures, except drinking
fountains and single lavatories, shall be located in compartments or
rooms provided with ventilation and illumination conforming to recog-
nized published standards. (See ASA A53.1-1946.)
2.23.2 Improper location.—Piping, fixtures, or equipment shall no k,
be located in such a manner as to interfere with the normal operation of
windows, doors, or other exit openings.
2.24 Piping measurements.
2.24.1 Except where otherwise specified in this code all measure-
ments between pipes or between pipes and walls, etc., shall be made to
the center lines of the pipes.
2.25 Venting.
2.25.1 The drainage system shall be provided with a system of vent
piping which will permit the admission or emission of air so that under no
circumstance of normal or intended use shall the seal of any fixture trap
be subjected to a pressure differential of more than 1 inch of water.
2.26 Ventilation ducts.
2.26.1 Ventilation ducts from washrooms and toilet rooms sliall
exhaust to the outer air or form an independent system. f
2.27 Water closet connections.
2.27.1 Lead.--Four-inch lead bends and stubs may be used on
water closets or similar connections.
2.28 Dead end_ s.
2.28.1 In the installation or removal of any part of it drainage
system, dead ends shall be avoided except where necessary to extend a
clean-out so as to be accessible.
2.29 Toilet facilities for workmen.
2.29.1 Suitable toilet facilities in accordance with table 7.21.2 shall
be provided and maintained in a sanitary condition for the use of work-
men during construction.
CHAPTLR 4
MATEIIIALS—QUALI'T'Y AND WEIGHT i
1 3.1 Materials.
3.1.1 3finimum standards.—'The materials listed in this chapter
shall conform at least to the standards cited when used in the construc-
tion, installation, alteration, or repair of any part of a plumbing and
drainage system,except that the administrative authority shall allow the
extension,addition,or relocation of existing soil,waste,or vent pipes with
materials of like grade or quality, as permitted in paragraph 2.5.1.
3.1.2 Use of materials.—Each material listed in table 3.5 shall con-
form to at least one of the standards cited opposite it. Its use shall be
ifurther governed by the requirement imposed in other chapters of the
+ code. Materials not included in the table shall be used only as provided
I for in paragraph 3.1.1. Materials shall be free of manufacturing defects
or damage, however occasioned, which would, or would tend to, render
{ such materials defective, unsanitary,or otherwise improper to accomplish
i the purpose of this code.
3.1.3. Specifications for materials.—Standard specifications for
materials for plumbing installations are listed in table 3.5. Products con-
forming at least to any of the specifications listed for a given material
shall be considered acceptable.
cos
Nom 1.—Abbreviations used in tables 3.5 refer to standards or specifications as
identified below.
ASA American Standards approved by the American Standards Association,
70 East Forty-fifth Street, Now York 17, N. Y.
ASTM Standards and 'Tentative Standards published by the American Sex iety
fpr'Testing Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia 3, Pa.
FS Federal Specifications published by the Federal Specifications Hoard and
obtained from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing
Office, Washington 25, D. C.
AWWA Standards and Tentative Standards.published by the American Water Works
Association, 500 Fifth Avenue, New York 18, N.Y.
CS Commercial Standards representing recorded voluntary recommendations
of the trade, issued by the United States Department of Commerce and
obtainable from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing
Office, Washington 25, D.C.
MSS Standards published by the Manufacturers Standardization Society of the
Valve and Fittings Industry, 420 Lexington Avenue, New York 17, N. Y.
Simplified Practice Recommendations representing recorded recommenda-
tions of the trade and issued by the United States Department of Commerce,
Washington 25, 1). C.
T-Attdicates Tentative. In the CS series of standards, also, the final number indicates
the year of issue. For Federal Specifications, the year indicated in table 3.5 is that of
the date of issue or that of the latest revision or amendment.
NOTE 3.—All standards and specifications for materials are subject to change.
Designations carrying indication of the year of issue may thus become obsolete. Table
3.5 gives the full designations of standards current at the time this code is printed.
As provided in paragraph 3.4.1,the administrative authority is required to review this
table and have it brought up to date at intervals not exceeding 2 years.
3.1.4 Identification of B2aterials.—Each length of pipe, and each
pipe fitting,trap,fixture, and device used,in a plumbing system shall have
cast, stamped, or indelibly marked on it the maker's mark or name, the
weight, type, and classes of the product, when such marking is required
by the approved standard that applies.
r '
3.2 Special materials.
3.2.1 Lead.—See table 3.5. Sheet lead shall be not less than the
following:
For safe pans—not less than 4 pounds per square foot.
For flashings of vent terminals—not less than 3 pounds per square
` foot.
Lead bends and lead traps shall be not less than one-eighth inch wall
thickness.
-3.2.2 Copper.—Sheet copper shall be not less than the following:
Safe pans-12 ounces per square foot.
Vent terminal flashings-8 ounces per square foot.
3.2.3 Calking ferrules shall be manufactured from red brass acid
shall be in accordance with the following:
Inside Minimum
firm sizes(inches) diameter Length weight
(inches) (inches) each
Lb. Oz.
z...................................................... 2y 4% 1 o
8..................................................... 83i 435 1 12
4.............. ....................................... 4h 431 l A
t
3.2.5 Floor flanges.—Floor flanges for water closets or similar fix-
tures shall be not less than one-eighth inch thick for brass.
Flanges shall be soldered to lead bends.
Closet screws and bolts shall be brass.
3.2.6 Cleanouts.
(a) Cleanout plugs shall be of brass and shall conform to Federal
Specification WW-P-401.
(G) Plugs may have raised square heads or counter sunk.
(c) Counter-sunk heads should be used where raised heads may
cause a hazard.
i 3.3 Alternate materials and methods.
3.3.1 Existing premises.—ln existing buildings or premises in which
' plumbing installations are to be altered, repaired, or renovated, the
administrative authority has discretionary powers to permit deviation
from the provisions of this code, provided that such a proposal to deviate
is first submitted for proper determination in order that health and safety
requirements, as they pertain to plumbing, shall be observed.
"99
d.37 Approval.--I'rovlslons o tnls code are not intended to pre-
vent the use of any material,device, method of assemblage or installation,
fixture, oi- appurtenance not sperifically authorized, provided still altcl-
nate has been approved by the administrative authority, in accordance
with till's section.
3.3.3 Evidence of conipliallce.—The administrative authority shall
require sufficient evidence to enable hint to judge whether proposed
alternates meet the requirements of this code for safety and health.
3.3.4. Tests.---When there is insufficient evidence to substantiate
claims for alternates, the administrative authority may require tests of
compliance as proof to be made by an approved agency at the expense
of the applicant.
3.3.5 Test procedure.—Tests shall be made in accordance with
generally recognized standards; but in the absence of such standards,
the administrative authority shall specify the test procedure.
3.3.6 Repeated tests.—The administrative authority may require J
tests to be repeated if,at any time, there is reason to believe that an alter-
+ nate no longer conforms to the requirements on which its approval was
based.
3.4 Approved materials.
3.4.1 Periodic review.—The administrative authority shall peri-
odically, at least once every 2 years, review the approved list of specifica-
tions and standards for materials in table 3.5 and in chapter 7, Plumbing
Fixtures, to check the designations, numbers, etc., which are used for
identification,and if there are later issues shall submit them for their legal
adoption.
NOTE.—All standards and specifications for materials are subject to change. Desig-
nations carrying indication of the year of issue may thus become obsolete. Table 3.5
i
gives the full designations of standards current at the time this code is printed.
3.42 Specific usage.—Each chapter of this code indicates specifi-
cally the type of material permitted for the various parts of the plumb-
ing system. The standards for each of those materials are given in table
3.5.
TABLE 3.5 Standards for plumbing materials
See sees,3.1.3 and 3,4.2
Materials Other standards-
ASA ASTM TS remarks
F
Nonmetallic plying:
Clay sewer pipe........... .............. X13-44T.... SS-P-361a(1942)...,. Standard strength.
1C200-44T... .................... Extra strength.
Bituminized fiber sewer CS 11640
pipe and fittings.
Asbestos cement sewer pipe .............. ............ SS-P-351(1940)...... (1)(2)•
Ferrous pipe and fittings:
Cafis�'on soil pipe and A40.1-1935... A74-1942... WW-P-401(1935)7... Extra heavy and
Cast•ironn water pipe....... A21.2-1939... A44-1941... WW-P-421(1932• 3tandardweight2
Cast-iron(threaded)pippse A40.5-1943.:: ......... .. WW-P-1156(1936).... AWWA 1908.
Cant-iron(screwed)fittings. Bl6d-1941.. ......... .. WW-P-50lb(1946)...
Cast-iron drainage fittings.. 1316,12-1942... . ..... WW-P-491a(1946)S.
Wrought-iron pipe........ 836.2-1939.... A72-45..... WW-P-441a(1939)Q..
Steel pipe........... .. A120-47.... WW-P-406(1944)7... Type I and II.
Oppeen-h ear th iron pipe.,.,. A253-47.... WW-P406(1944)7... Type TII only.
Mulleabkriron fitt ngs...•. t 1316C-1939 A27744T... WW P-521h(1946)...
Nonferrous i l (1601b.).
pp pe and fittings:
Brnas tub ing............. .............. B135-47Te.. WW-T-791.........
Brass pipe........ .. , 148 47...,. WW-P-351(1930)9...
Copper pips•,•........... B421"7 i.. WW-P-377((1932)....
Bronzeserewedfittings..... .............. IIIO.lb47... WW-P-460(1945).... MSS-SP-10.
Seamless copper tubin ... 1175-48T.... WW-T-797(1932)19...
Copper water tube(K M).. H23.1-1948... B88-48..... WW-T-799a(1943)11.. SPR 217-49.
Soldered joint fittings (for A40,3-1941.... ............ ....................
copper water tuba).
Cut-brans soldered joint B16-1949..... ... For copper peer water
Flared fittings for copper Pper A40.2.1996... ............ .................... tube.
(Mater)tubes
Lead pipe and trups..... .............. ............ WW-P-825(1944).,.. CS 96-41 CS 98-11
Miscellaneous:
Calking lead.............. .............. ............ QQ•L-I56(1934);= CS 94-41.
3heetlead.............. tYp{ws I.
. .............. ........... QQ L 201(1933)17... Grade A. ,
Sheet brass............... .............. f B36-48T..., 1QQ-I"Ila(1938)...
jB12147T•„ f
Sheet copper.......... BI62-48T... QQ-C-601a(1941)1t,,
Galvanized Iron and steel tG.8-1937..... `A163.39.... QQ-I-716(1942)ll..,.
streets. I 1A93-46.:,,.
Galvanized pipe and fit- A120-47.... WW-P406(1944)... See.D8.
tinge.
Cement lining....,....... A21.14-1939.. ............ WW-P-406(1944).,, See.D7.
Cou1-tar enamel(proteetive ..... AWWA 7A.6-1940.
coating).
Soft solder............... .............. B32-46T.... IQ-8-571b(1947)...
Fixture-setting compound.. ..........^... ............ } H-C•b38
Air gap standards........ A40,4-1942..
Backilow preventoro....., A40.6-1943.. ........• ..........„. . '
GreaseInterceptors....... ... .................
Valves: P.D.L.G.1011x.
Bronze Bate............ .............. WW-V•54(1946)17...
Cut-iron Bate.......... . .......
WW-V-58(1945)17...
210
tAehestoe•mmentsewrr pipe shell meet Fpdpral Sp>Cdllcatlon SS-i1•851 U9d11)Including amendment 2,
dated Jan.14,1912,oxlxpt.for the following subfititutlons:
81saa only 4-,5•,end 6-inch,
Clses:nonprreeurn lest e.
i.onRRthe: 10 foot--out of roundneee,Inside dfametvr h 6J Inch.
i{ydroetatic strength:not applicable..
Flexural strength,9-foot.span:4-Inch pipe,560 poundal 5-Inch pipe,900 pounds;6•Ineh pipe•,1,290
ppounds.
Cruahing strength,4-inch pipe 1,740 pounds:6-inch pipe,1,666 pounds:fl-Inch pipe,1,420 pounds.
Teats: I specimen from each 300 lengths of pipe.
'See code chapters for limits of recommended usage.
.Amendment 2,dated Dec.20,1945,Included.
4Amendment 8,dated Apr.26,1940,Included.
&Amendment 1,dated Feb.7,1946,included.
eAmeadment 2,dated Feb.R.1948,Ineb:ded.
?Amendment 1,dated June 9,1945,included.
Mercurous nitrate test required.
$Errata No.1,dated Oct.1980,Included.
MErrats No.1,dated Aug.1988,Included.
nUmited to sizes Included in s{'R 217-49,includes amendment.1,Junp 27, 1946,
1lAmendment No.1,dated Nov.18,1946 Included.
"Amendment No.1,dated June 2,1942,Included.
14Amendment No.3,dated May 27,1942,included.
i teAmendment No.3,dated Nov.1948,Included.
1eAmendment No.1,dated Apr.19,1946,Included. --
17Amendment No.1,dated Sept.80,1946,Included.
18Plumbing and Drainage Inatitute Standnrd.
CHAPTER 5
M JOINTS AND CONNECTIONS
4.1 Tightness.
4.1.1 Joints and connections in the plumbing system shall be gas-
tight and watertight for the pressures required by test, with the exception
j' of those portions of perforated or open-joint piping which are installed
for the purpose of collecting and conveying ground or seepage water to
the underground storm drains.
4.2 Types of joints.
4.2.1 Calked joints.-Calked joints for cast-iron bell-and-spigot
soil pipe shall be firmly packed with oakum or hemp and filled with molten
lead not less than i inch deep and not to extend more than one-eighth
inch below rim of hub. No paint, varnish, or other coatings shall be per-
r on the jointing material until after the joint has been tested and
approved.
4.2.2 Threaded joints-,screwed joints.-Threads shall conform to
American National Taper Pipe thread, ASA B2.1-1945 or FS GGG-
P-351a. All burrs shall be removed. Pipe ends shall be reamed or filled
out to size of bore,and all chips shall be removed. Pipe-joint cement and
paint shall be used only on male threads.
4.2.3 Wiped joints.-Joints in lead pipe or fittings, or between lead
pipe or fittings and brass or copper pipe, ferrules, solder nipples, or traps,
shall be full-wiped joints. Wiped joints shall have an exposed surface on
each side of a joint not less than three-fourths inch and at least as thick as
the material being jointed. Wall or floor flange lead-wiped joints shall be
made by using a lead ring or flange placed behind the joint at wall or
floor.
Joints between lead pipe and cast iron,steel, or wrought iron shall be
made by means of a calking ferrule, soldering nipple.
4.2.4 Soldered or sweat joints.-Soldered or sweat joints for tubing
shall be made with approved fittings. Surfaces to be soldered or sweated
shall be cleaned bright. The joints shall be properly fluxed and made
with approved solder.
Joints in copper water tubing shall be made by the appropriate use
of approved brass water fittings, properly sweated or soldered together.
4.2.5 Flared joints.-Flared joints for soft-copper water tubing
shall be made with fittings meeting approved standards. The tubing
shall be expanded with a proper flaring tool.
4.2.6 Hot-poured joints.-Hot-poured compound for clay sewer
pipe shall not he water absorbent and when poured against a dry surface
shall have a bond of not less than 100 pounds per square inch. All sur-
faces of the joint shall be cleaned and dried before pouring. If wet sur-
faces are unavoidable, a suitable primer shall be applied. Compound
shall not soften sufficiently to destroy the effectiveness of the joint when
subjected to a temperature of 160' F. nor be soluble in any of the waste
carried by the drainage system. Approximately 25 percent of the joint
space at the base of the socket shall be filled with jute or hemp. A pouring I�
collar,rope,or other device shall be used to hold the hot compound during
pouring. Each joint shall be poured in one operation until the joint is
filled. Joints shall not be tested until 1 hour after pouring.
j4.2.7 Precast joints.-Precast collars shall be formed in bath the
spigot and bell of the pipe in advance of use. Collar surfaces shall be
conical with side slopes of 3°with the axis of the pipe and the length shall
be equal to the depth of the socket. Prior to making joint contact, sur-
faces shall be cleaned and coated with solvents and adhesives as recom-
mended in the standard. When the spigot end is inserted in the collar,
it shall bind before contacting the base of the socket. Material shall be
inert and resistant to both acids and alkalies.
JL
8 Brazed joints.—Brazed joints shall he made in accordance
with the provisions of section 6 of the Code for Pressure Piping, ASA
1331.1-1942 (with 1944 and 1947 Supplements).
4.2.9 Cement morlar joints.---Cement.joints shall he used only when
specifically permitted in other chapters of this Code or when approved
by the administrative authority, as sufficient to accomplish the purpose
of this Code. A layer of jute or hemp shall he inserted into the base of
the joint space and ranuned to prevent mortar from entering the interior
of the pipe. Jute or hemp shall be dipped into a slurry suspension of Port-
land cement in water prior to insertion into bell. Not more than 2S per-
cent of the joint space shall be used for jute or hemp. The remaining
space shall be filled in one continuous operation with a thoroughly mixed
mortar composed of one part cement and two parts sand, with only suffi-
cient water to make the mixture workable by hand. After one-half hour
of setting, the joint shall be rammed around entire periphery with a blunt
tool to force the partially stiffened mortar into the joint and to repair
any cracks formed during the initial setting period. Pipe interior shall be
swabbed to remove any material that might have fallen into the interior.
Additional mortar of the same composition shall then be troweled so as
to form a 45° taper with the barrel of the pipe.
4.2.11 Asbestos cement sewer pipe joints.—Joints in asbestos cement
pipe shall be made with sleeve couplings of the same composition as the I
pipe, sealed with rubber rings. Joints between asbestos cement pipe and
metal pipe shall be made by means of an adapter coupling calked as re-
quired in paragraph 4.2.1.
4.3 Use of joints.
4.3.1 Clay sewer pipe.—Joints in vitrified clay pipe or between such'
pipe and metal pipe shall be made as provided in paragraphs 4.2.6 and
4.2.7.
R 4.3.3 Cast-iron pipe.—Joints in cast-iron pipe shall be either calked
or screwed, as provided in paragraphs 4.2.1 and 4.2.2.
43.4 Screw pipe to cast-iron.—Joints between wrought-iron, steel,
brass,or copper pipe, and cast-iron pipg shall be either calked or threaded
joints made as provided in paragraphs 4.2.1 and 4.2.2, or shall be made
with approved adapter fittings.
4.3.6 Copper water tube.—Joints in copper tubing shall be made
either by the appropriate use of approved brass water fittings, properly
sweated or soldered together or by means of approved compression fit-
tings as provided in paragraphs 4.2.4 and 4.2.5.
I 4.4 Special joints.
4.4.1 Copper tubing to screwed pipe joints.—Joints from copper tub-
ing to threaded pipe shall be made by the use of brass converter fittings.
The joint between the copper pipe and the fitting shall be property
sweated or soldered, and the connection between the threaded pipe and
the fitting shall be made with a standard pipe size screw joint.
4.4.2 Brazing or welding.---Brazing or welding shall be performed-]
in accordance with requirements of recognized published standards of j
practice and by licensed or otherwise qualified mechanics except when
it is determined by the administrative authority to be equivalent pro-
cedure for the purpose of this code. '
4.4.3 Slip joints.—In drainage and water piping, slip joints may be '
used only on the inlet side of the trap or in the trap seal, and on the ex-
posed fixture supply.
4.4.4 Expansion joints.—Expansion joints must be accessible and
may be used where necessary to provide for expansion and contraction
of the pipes.
4.4.5 Ground joint brass connections.—Ground joint brass comrec-
tions which allow adjustment of tubing but provide a rigid joint when
made up shall not be considered as slip joints.
4.5 Unions (screwed).
4.5.1 Drainage system.—Unions may be used in the trap scat and
on the inlet side of the trap. Unions shall have metal-to-metal seats.
4.5.2 Water-supply system.--Unions in the water-supply system
shall be metal-to-metal with ground seats.
4.6 Water closet, pedestal urinal, and trap standard service.
4.6.1 Fixture connections between drainage pipes and water closets,
floor-outlet service sinks, pedestal urinals, and earthenware trap stand-
ards,shall be made by means of brass,soldered to the drainage pipe. The
212
connection shall be bolted, with an approved gasket or washer or setting
compound between the earthenware and the connection. The floor
flange shall be fief on an approved firm hale. The use of commercial
putty or plaster is prohibitecL
4.7 Prohibited joints and connections.
4.7.1 Drainage system.—Any fitting or connection which has an
enlargement, chamber, or recess with a ledge, shoulder, or reduction of
pipe area, that offers an obstruction to flow through the drain, is pro-
hibited.
4.7.2 No fitting or connection that offers abnormal obstruction to
j flow, shall be used.
4.8 Waterproofing of openings.
4.8.1 Joints at the roof, around vent pipes, shall be made water-
tight by the use of lead, copper, galvanized-iron, or other approved
'flashings or flashing material. Exterior-wall openings shall be made
watertight.
4.9 Increasers and reducers.
4.9.1 Where different sizes of pipes, or pipes and fittings are to be
connected, the proper size increasers or reducers or reducing fittings shall
be used between the two sizes.
C-11APTrit 6
TRAPS AND CLCANOUTS
5.1 Traps.
5.1.1 Fixture traps.—Plumbing fixtures, excepting those having
integral traps,shall'be separately trapped by a water-seal trap, placed
as close to the fixture outlet.as possible.
(a) Provided, that a combination plumbing fixture may be in-'
i stalled oil one trap, if one compartment is not more than 6
inches deeper than the other and the waste outlets are not
more than 30 inches apart.
(b) Provided, that one trap may be installed for a set of not more
than three single-compartment sinks or laundry trays or three
lavatories immediately adjacent to each other in the same.
ffm
room, if the waste outlets are not more than 30 inches apart' r
and the trap is centrally located when three compartments are
installed.
5.1.2 Distance of trap to fixture.—The vertical distance from the
fixture outlet to the trap weir shall not exceed 24 inches.
5.2 Type and size of traps and fixture drains.
5.2.1 Trap size.----The size (nominal diameter) of trap for a given..
fixture shall be sufficient to drain the fixture rapidly but in no case less
than given in chapter 11, table 11.4.2.
5.2.2 Relation to fixture drains.—No trap shall be larger than the
fixture drain to which it is connected.
5.2.3 Type of traps.
(a) Fixture traps shall be self-cleaning other than integral traps
without partitions or movable parts, except as specifically
approved in other sections of this code.
(b) Slip joints or couplings may be used on the trap inlet or within
the trap seal of the trap if metal-to-metal ground joint is used.
I (r,) A trap integral with the fixture shall have a uniform interior
f and smooth waterway.
5,2.4 Drum traps.
(a) Drum traps shall be 4 inches in diameter and shall be provided
,r with-a water seal of not less than 2 inches.
(b) The trap screw shall be one size less than the trap diameter.
5.3 General requirements.
5.3.1 Trap seal.—Each fixture trap shall have a water seal of not
less than 2 inches and not more than 4 inches,except where a deeper seal
r; is found necessary by the administrative authority for special conditions.
i
I
5.3.2 Trap cleannuts.
(a) Rach fixture 111111), except. those vas( integral or in combination
with fixtures in which the (rapseal is
when a portion of the (rap is rcadilN, removable for cleaning
purposes, 811,111 have all accessible hrass trap screw of ample
size protected by this Water Seal.
(b) Cleanoutson the seal of a,trap shall he made. tight with threaded
cleanout plug and approved washer.
5.3.3 Trap level and protection.—Traps shall be set true with re-
spect to their water seals and, where necessary, they shall be protected
from freezing.
5.3.4 Traps tindergrotind.—Uii(lc►-i,,rotiti(I traps, except P traps
into which floor drains with removable strainers discharge, shall be pro-
vided with accessible and removable •leanouts.
5.3.6 Prohibited traps.
(a) No trap which depends for its seal upon the action of movable
parts shall be used.
(b) Full S traps are prohibited.
(c) Bell traps are prohibited.
(d) Crown-vented traps are prohibited.
5.3.7 Double trapping.—No fixture shall be double trapped.
5.4 Pipe cleanouts.
5.4.1 Location.—Cleanouts shall be not more than 50 feet apart in
horizontal drainage lines of 4-inch nominal diameter or less and not more
than 100 feet apart for larger pipes.
5.4.2 Underground drainage.—Cleanouts, when installed on an
underground drain, shall be extended to or above the finished grade level
directly above the place where the cleanout is installed; or may be ex-
tended to the outside of the building when found necessary by the ad-
ministrative authority.
5.4.3 Change of direction.—Cleanouts shall be installed at each
change of direction of the building drain greater than 45'. '
5.4.4 Concealed piping.—Cleanouts on concealed piping shall be
extended through and terminate flush with the finished wall or floor;
or pits or chases may be left in the wall or floor, provided they are of
sufficient size to permit removal of the cleanout,plug and effective clean-
ing of the system.
5.4.5 Base of stacks.—A cleanout shall be provided at or near the
foot of each vertical waste or soil stack. For buildings with a floor slab
on fill or ground or with less than 18-inch crawl space under the floor the
following will be acceptable in lieu of a cleanout at the base of the stack:
The building drain may be extended to the outside of the building and
terminated in an accessible cleanout:or an accessible cleanout installed in
the building drain downstream from the stack not more than 5 feet out-
side the building wall.
5.4.7 Direction of flow.—Every cleanout shall be installed so that
the cleanout opens in a direction opposite to the flow of the drainage line.
5.4.8 Cleanout plugs shall not be used for the installation of new
fixtures or floor drains except where approved in writing by the admin-
istrative authority.
5.5 Size of cleanouts.
5.5.1 Small pipes.—Cleanouts shall be of the same nominal size as
the pipes up to 4 inches and not less than 4 inches for larger piping.
5.5.2 Large pipes.—For underground piping over 10 inches, man-
holes shall be provided and located at each 90'change in direction and at
intervals of not more than 150 feet.
5.5.3 Covers.—Metal covers shall be provided for manholes.
5.6 Cleanout clearances.
SAI Large pipes.—Cleanotits on 3-inch or larger pipe shall be so
installed that there is a clearance of not less than 18 inches for the purpose
of rodding.
5.6.2 Si►all pipes.—Cleanouts smaller than 3 inches shall be so
installed that there is a 12-inch clearance for rodding.
5.6.3 Calking.—Cement, plaster, or any other permanent finishing
material shall not be placed over a cleanout plug.
5.6.4 Concealment.—Where it is necessary to conceal a cleanout
plug, a covering plate or access door shall be provided which will permit
ready access to the plug.
5.7 Cleanout equivalent.
5.7.1 A fixture trap or a fixture with integral trap, readily remov-
able without disturbing concealed roughing work, may be accepted as a
cleanout equivalent, if there is no more than one 90* bend on the line to
be rodded.
U4
' 5.8 Aridproof traps.
Where it vitrified-clay or other brittleware, acidproof trap is installed
underground, it shall be embedded in concrete to a thickness of 6 inches
from the bottom and sides of the trap.
CHAPTliR 7
INTERCEPTORS—SEPARATORS AND BACKWATER
VALVES
6.1 Interceptors and separators.
6.1.1 When required.--Interceptors (including grease, oil, and sand
interceptors, etc.) shall be provided when, in the judgment of the ad-
ministrative authority, they are necessary for the proper handling of
liquid wastes containing grease, flammable wastes, sand, and other in-
gredients harmful to the building drainage system, the public sewer or
i sewage-treatment plant or processes.
6.1.2 Approval.—The size, type, and location of each interceptor
or separator shall be approved by the administrative authority in accord-
ance with generally accepted standards and no wastes other than those
requiring treatment or separation shall be discharged into any interceptor.
6.1.3 Separation.—A mixture of light and heavy solids or liquids
and solids having various specific gravities may be treated and then
separated in an interceptor as approved by the administrative authority
in accordance with paragraph 6.1.2.
6.2 .Grease interceptors.
6.2.1 Commercial buildings.—A grease interceptor shall be installed
in the waste line leading from sinks, drains,or other fixtures in the follow-
ing establishments when,in the judgment of the administrative authority,
a hazard exists: restaurants, hotel kitchens or bars, factory cafeterias-or
restaurants,clubs,or other establishments where grease can be introduced
into the drainage system in quantities that can effect line stoppage or
hinder sewage disposal.
6.2.2 Residential units.—A grease interceptor is not required for
individual dwelling units or any private living quarters.
6.3 Oil separators.
6.3.1 An oil separator shall be installed in the drainage system or
section of the system where, in the judgment of the administrative au-
thority, a hazard exists or where oils or other flammables can be intro-
duced or admitted into the drainage system by accident or otherwise.
6.4 Sand interceptors.
6.4.1 Commercial installations.—Sand and similar interceptors for
heavy solids shall be so designed and located as to be readily accessible
for cleaning, and shall have a water seal of not less than 6 inches.
6.5 Venting interceptors.
6.5.1 Relief vent.—Interceptors shall be so designed that they will
not become air bound if closed covers are used. Each interceptor shall
be properly vented.
6.6 Accessibility of interceptor.
6.6.1 Each interceptor shall be so installed as to provide ready
accessibility to the cover and means for servicing and maintaining the
interceptor in working and operating condition. The use of ladders or
the removal of bulky equipment in order to service interceptors shall con-
stitute a violation of accessibility.
6.7 Interceptor's efficiency.
6.7.1 Flow rate.—Interceptors shall be rated and approved for their
efficiency as determined by the administrative authority and in accord-
ance with generally accepted practice.
6.7.2 Approval.—No grease interceptor shall be approved until it
has successfully passed the testing and rating prozedure set up by the
administrative authority.
6.7.3 Water connection.—Water connection for cooling or operat-
ing an interceptor shall be such that backflow cannot occur. i
6.8 Laundries.
6.8.1 Interceptors.—Commercial laundries shall be equipped with
an interceptor having a removable wire basket or similar device that will
prevent strings,rags,buttons,or other materials detrimental to the public SM
sewerage system from passing into the drainage system.
6.8.2 Intercepting device.--Basket or device shall prevent passage
into tine drainage system of solids one-half inch or larger in size. The
basket or device shall be removable for cleaning purposes.
r
r -5
6.9 Bottling establishments.
6.9.1 Bottling plants.—Bottling plants shall discharge their process
wastes into sun interceptor which will provide for the separation of broken
Klass or other solids, before discharging liquid wastes into the drainage
system,
6.111 Slaughterhouses.
6.10.1 Separators.---Slaughtering-roonn drains shall be equipped
with separators which shall prevent the discharge into the drainage
system of feathers,entrails,and other materials likely to::log the drainage
system.
6.10.2 Interceptors.—Slaughtering and dressing-room drains shall
be provided with interceptors approved by the administrative authority,
i in accordance with paragraph 6.1.2.
6.10.3 Fond-grinder.—Wastes may discharge directly to the building
drainage system.
6.11 Commercial grinders.
6.11.1 Discharge.--Where commercial food-waste grinders are in-
stalled, the waste from those units may discharge direct into the building
drainage system and not through a grease interceptor.
6.11.2 Approval.—The administrative authority shall determine
where and what type of interceptor is necessary, except that interceptors
shall not be required for private living quarters or residential units.
6.12 Alaintenanee.
6.12.1 Cleaning.—Interceptors shall be maintained in efficient op-
erating condition by periodic removal of accumulated grease.
6.13 Oil interceptors.
6.13.1 Where required.—Oil separators shall be installed when re-
quired by the administrative authority and shall conform to requirements
of paragraph 6.13.2.
6.13.2 Minimum dimension.—Oil separators shall have a depth of
not less than 2 feet below the invert of the discharge drain.
6.13.3 Motor-vehicle storage.—Interceptors shall have a capacity of
6 cubic feet where not more than 3 vehicles are serviced and 1 cubic foot
in net capacity shall be added for each additional vehicle up to 10 vehicles. :.
Where more than 10 vehicles are serviced, the administrative authority"
shall determine the size of separator required.
6.13.4 Motor-vehicle servicing.—Where storage facilities are not
maintained,as in repair shops, the capacity of the separator shall be based
on a net capacity of 1 cubic foot for each 100 square feet of surface to be
drained into the interceptor with a minimum capacity of 6 cubic feet.
6.13.5 Special type separators.—Before installing any special type
separator a drawing including all pertinent information shall be sub-
mitted for approval of the administrative authority, as being in accord-
ance with this code.
6.14 Backwater valves.
6.14.1 Fixtures subject to backlow.—The installation of backwater
devices shall be in accordance with lawful requirements of the administra-
tive authority having jurisdiction over the public sewer system.
6.14.2 Fixture branches.—Backwater valves shall be installed in the
branch of the building drain which receives only the discharge from fix-
tures located within such branch and below grade.
6.14.3 Material.—All bearing parts of backwater valves shall be of
corrosion-resistant material.
6.14.4 Backwater valves shall be so constructed as to insure a me-
chanical seal against backfiow.
6.14.5 Diameter.—Backwater valves,when fully opened, shall have
a capacity not less than that of the pipes in which they are installed.
6.14.6 Location.—Backwater valves shall be so installed as to pro-
vide ready accessibility to their working parts.
F
r2ravi 6
l CHAPTER 8
PLUMBING FIXTURES
7.1 General requirements—Materials.
7.1.1 Quality of futures.—Plumbing fixtures shall have smooth
impervious surfaces, be free from defects and concealed fouling surfaces,
and, except as permitted elsewhere in this code, shall conform in quality
and design to one of the following standards:
Staple Porcelain Plumbing Fixtures, NBS Commercial Standard
CS 4-29.
Staple Vitreous China Plumbing Fixtures, NBS Commercial Stand-
ard CS 20-49.
Enameled Cast-Iron Plumbing Fixtures, NBS Commercial Stand-
ard CS 77-48.
Earthenware (vitreous glazed) Plumbing Fixtures, NBS Com-
mercial Standard CS 111-43.
Plumbing Fixtures (for) Land Use, F. S. WW-P-54ta-1947.
Formed Steel Enameled Sanitary Ware, F. S. WW-P-542.
Formed Metal Porcelain Enameled Sanitary Ware, NBS Com-
mercial Standard CS 144-47.
Hospital Plumbing Fixtures, NBS Simplified Practice Recom-
mendation R 106-41.
Plumbing Fixtures, Fittings, Trim, R 227-47.
Lavatory and Sink Traps, R 21-46.
7.2 Alternate materials.
7.2.1 Materials.—Sinks and special-use fixtures may be made of
soapstone, chemical stoneware, or may be lined with lead, copper-base
alloy, nickel-copper alloy, corrosion-resisting steel, or other materials
especially suited to the use for which the fixture is intended.
7.3 Overflows.
7.3.1 Design.—When any fixture is provided with an overflow, the
waste shall be so arranged that the standing water in the fixture cannot
rise in the overflow when the stopper is closed or remain in the overflow
when the fixture is empty.
7.3.2 Connection.—The overflow pipe from a fixture shall be con-
nected on the house or inlet side of the fixture trap, except that over-
; flows or flush tanks may discharge into the water closets or urinals served i
by them,but it shall be unlawful to connect such overflows with any other
part of the drainage system.
7.4 Installation.
7.4.1 Cleaning.—Plumbing fixtures shall be installed in a manner
to afford easy access for cleaning. Where practical, all pipes from fix-
tures shall be run to the nearest wall.
7.4.2 Joints.—Where fixture comes in contact with wall and floors,
die joint shall be watertight.
7.4.3 Securing fixtures.—Floor-outlet fixtures shall be rigidly se-
cured to floor by screws or bolts.
7.4.4 Wall-hung bowls.—Wall-hung water-closet bowls shall be
rigidly supported by a concealed metal supporting member so that no
strain is transmitted to the closet connection.
7.4.5 Setting.—Fixtures shall be set level and in proper alinement
with reference to adjacent walls. (See par. 4.6.1.)
{ 7.5 Water-supply protection.
j 7.5.1 Supply fittings.—The supply lines or fittings for every plumb-
ing fixture shall be so installed as to prevent backflow. (See par. 10.4.3.)
7.6 Prohibited fixtures and connections.
4 7.6.1 Fixtures.—Pan, valve, plunger, offset, washout, latrine, frost-
proof, and other water closets having an invisible seal or an unventilated
space.or having walls which are not thoroughly washed at each discharge,
are prohibited. Any water closet which might permit siphonage of the
contents of the bowl back into the tank are prohibited.
7.6.2 Connections.—Fixtures having concealed slip-joint connec-
tions shall be provided with an access panel or utility space so arranged
((( as to make the slip connections accessible for inspection and repair.
7.7 Water closets.
7.7.1 Public use.—Water-closet bowls for public use shall be of the
elongated type.
7.7.2 Flushing device.—Water-closet tanks shall have a flushing
capacity sufficient to properly flush the water-closet bowls with which
they are connected. I
7.7.3 Float valves.—Float valves in lowdown tanks shall close tight
and provide water to properly refill the trap seal in the bowl.
-7.7.4 Close.couplei to k.c.--The flush-valve seal m close-coupled
wItCr-closet combinations shall he I inch or move above the rim of the
howl, so that the (lush-valve will close even if the closet trapway is
('lagged, or tiny closets with flush valve scats below the rite of the bowl
shall be so constructed that in case of trap stoppage, water will not flow 1
continuously over the rim of the bowl.
7.7.5 Autontatic fluslr. valve.—Flushometers shall be so installed
that they will be readily accessible for repairing. When the valve is oper-
ated, it shall complete the cycle of operation automatically, opening fully
and closing positively under the service pressure. At each operation the
valve shall deliver water in sufficient volume and at a rate that will
thoroughly flush the fixtures and refill the fixture trap. Means shall be
provided for regulating flush-valve flow. Not more than one fixture shall
be served by a single flush valve. Protection against backflow shall be
provided as specified in paragraph 10.4.3.
7.7.6 Seats.—Water closets shall be equipped with seats of smooth
nonabsorbent material. All seats of water closets provided for public use
j shall be of the open-front type. Integral water-closet seats shall be of the
same material as the fixture.
7.8 Urinals.
7.8.1 Aulomatic flushing tank.—Tanks flushing more than one urinal
shall be automatic in operation and of sufficient capacity to provide the
necessary volume to flush and properly cleanse all urinals simultaneously.
7.8.2 Urinals equipped with automatic flush valves.—Flushometers
shall be as prescribed in paragraph 7.7.5 and no valve shall be used to
flush more than one urinal.
7.8.3 Trough urinals.—Trough urinals shall be permitted only in
places of temporary occupancy. They shall be not less than 6 inches deep
and shall be furnished with one-piece backs and have strainers with out-
lets at least 1% inches in diameter. The washdown pipe shall be per-
forated so as to flush with an even curtain of water against the back of
the urinal. This pipe shall be securely clamped as high as practicable to
the back of the urinal. Trough urinals shall have tanks with a flushing
capacity of not less than 1% gallons of water for each 2 feet of urinal
length.
7.8.4 Equivalent length.—Trough urinals shall be figured on the
basis of one urinal for each 18 inches of length, provided that-
24-inch trough equals 1 urinal.
36-inch trough equals 2 urinals.
48-inch trough equals 2 urinals.
60-inch trough equals 3 urinals.
72-inch trough equals 4 urinals.
7.8.5 Floor-type urinals.—Floor-type trough urinals are prohibited.
7.8.6 Surrounding materials.—Wall and floor space to a point 1 foot
in front of urinal lip and 4 feet above the floor, and at least, i foot to each
side of the urinal shall be lined with nonabsorbent material.
7.9 Strainers and fixture outlets.
7.9.1 All plumbing fixtures, other than water closets and syphon-
action washdown or blowout urinals, shall be provided with metal strain-
ers having waterway area complying with paragraph 7.1.1.
7.10 Lavatories.
7.10.1• Waste outlets.—Lavatories shall have waste outlets not less
than 1j4 inches in diameter. Wastes may have open strainers or may
be provided with stoppers.
7.11 Shower receptors and compartments.
7.11.1 Shower.—All shower compartments, except those built di-
rectly on the ground or those having metal enameled receptors,shall have
a lead or copper shower pan or the equivalent thereof or as determined by
the administrative authority. The pan shall turn up on all sides at least
2 inches above finished floor level. Traps shall be so constructed that the
pan may be securely fastened to the trap at the seepage entrance making
a watertight joint between the pan and trap. Shower receptacle waste
outlets shall be not less than 2 inches in diameter and have removable
strainers.
7.11.2 On the ground.—Shower receptors built on the ground shall
be constructed from dense nonabsorbent and noncorrosive materials and
shall have smooth impervious surfaces, or as provided in paragraph S
7.11.1.
7.11.3 Diti:ensions.—Shower compartments shall have not less than
I 1,024 square inches in floor area and,if rectangular,square,or triangular
in plan, shall be not less than 30 inches in shortest dimension.
218
7:11.4 G'bnstructimn,—Floors under shower compartments shall be
laid on a smooth and structurally sound base and shall be lined and made
watertight with sheet lead,copper,or other acceptable materials, Shower
compartments located in basements, cellars, or in other rooms in which
the floor has been laid directly on the ground surface need not be lined.
7.11.5 Public or institution showers.—Floors of public shower rooms
shall be drained in such a manner that no waste water from any head will
pass over areas occupied by other bathers.
7.11.6 Walls.—Shower compartments shall have walls constructed
of smooth, noncorrosive and nonabsorbent waterproof materials to a
height of not less than 6 feet above the floor.
7.11.7 Joints.—Built-in tubs with overhead showers shall have
waterproof joints between the tub and walls and the walls shall be water-
proof.
7,12 Sinks.
7.12.1 Waste outlets.—Sinks shall be provided with waste outlets
not less than 1% inches in diameter. Waste outlets may have open
strainers or may be provided with stoppers.
7.12.2 Food grinders.—Sinks on which a food waste grinder is in-
stalled shall have a waste opening not less than 3% inches in diameter. f
7.13 Food-waste-grinder upits.
7.13.1 Separate connections.—Domestic food-waste-disposal units
shall be connected and trapped separately from any other fixture or com-
partment. Units may have either automatic or hand-operated water
supply control. (See sec. 10.4.)
- 743.2 Grease interceptors.—No food-waste grinder shall be con-
nected through a grease interceptor.
7.13.3 Commercial-type grinders.—Commerical-type food-grinders
shall be provided with not less than a 2-inch waste line. Each waste line
shall be trapped and vented as provided in other sections of this code.
�. .7.14 Drinking fountains.
7.14.1 Design and construction.—Drinking fountains shall conform
r to me ican Standard Specifications, for Drinking Fountains (A SA Z4.2-
194,2):
7.14.2 Protection of water supply.—Stream projectors shall be so
assembled as to provide an orifice elevation as specified by American
Standard Air Gaps in Plumbing Systems (ASA A 40.4-1942) and Ameri-
can Standard Backflow Preventers in Plumbing Systems (ASA A40.6-
i
1943).
7.15 )Floor drains.
f 7.15.1' Trap and strainers.—Floor drains shall have metal traps and
a minimum water seal of 2 inches and shall be provided with removable
strainers. The open area of strainer shall be at least two-thirds of the
cross-section area of the drain line to which it connects.
7.15.2 Size.—Floor drains shall be of a size to serve efficiently the
purpose for which it is intended.
7.16 Dishwashing machines.
7.16.1 Protection.--Domestic dishwashing machines shall meet re-
quirements in paragraph 10.4.3.
4;.. 7.16.2 Separate trap.—Each unit shall be separately trapped or
discharged indirectly into a properly trapped and vented fixture.
7.16.3 Air gap.—Commercial dishwashing machines shall be con-
nected through an air gap or as provided in chapter 9, Indirect Waste
Piping and Special Wastes.
7.16.4 Hot water.—Dishwashing machines or similar dishwashing
equipment not in private living quarters or dwelling units shall be pro-
vided with water at 180° F. for sterilization.
7.17 Multiple wash sinks.
7.17.1 Circular type.—Each 18 inches of wash sink circumference
(circular type) shall be equivalent to one lavatory.
7.17.2 Straight-line type..Multiple wash sinks of the straight-line
type shall have hot and cold combination spouts not closer than 18 inches
1 from adjacent similar spouts and each spout shall be considered the
( equivalent of one lavatory. I
7.18 Garbage-can washers.
7.18.1 Discharge.--Garbage-can washers shall not discharge
through a trap serving any other device or fixture.
7.18.2 Grease interceptor.—The discharge from a garbage-can washer
shall be connected through a grease interceptor.
7.18.3 Baskets.—The receptacle receiving the wash from garbage
cans shall be provided with a basket or similar device to prevent the dis-
charge of large particles into the building drainage system.
7.18.4 Connections.—Water-supply connections shall conform to
paragraph 10.4.3.
19
j 7.19 Laundry trays.
f
7.19.1 Waste outlets.—'Each compartment of a laundry tray shall
be provided with a waste outlet not less than 1312 inches in diameter and
with a stopper.
7.19.2 Overflow.—Laundry-tray overflows shall conform to the re-
quirements of paragraph 7.3.1.
7.20 Special lixtu.pes and specialties.
7.20.1 Water and drain connections.—Baptistrics, ornamental and
lily pools, aquaria, ornamental fountain basins, and similar constructions
when provided with water supplies shall be protected from back-siphon-
age as required in paragraph 10.4.3.
7.20.2 Approval.—Specialties requiring water and waste connec-
tions shall be submitted for approval of the administrative authority.
7.21 Minimum facilities.
7.21.1 Wherever plumbing fixtures are installed, the minimum
number of each type of fixture installed shall be in accordance with table
7.21.2, unless otherwise specifically provided.
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ITho figures shown aro hued upon one fixture being the minimum required for the
number of persons Indicated or any fraction therpol,
213ullding eate ory not shown on this table. Will be considered separately by the
admInIR11`1111VO authority.
21Drinking fountains shelf not by ltis(Rllod in toilet.rooms.
41,sundry trays—I single eompRr1mvpt tray for each dwelling unit or 2 compart-
ment trays for each 10 aparlments. Kitchen sinks-1 for each dwelling or apartment
unit.bThla schedule has been adopted(1945)by the National Council of Schoolhouse
Construction.
6As required by the American Standard Safety Code for Industrial Sanitation In
Manufacturing Establishments(ASA 24.1•• 936).
7Where there to exposuro to skin contamination with poisonous,infectious,or Irri.
toting materials,provide I lavatory for each 6 persons.
824 lineal Inches of wash sink or 18 Inches of a circular basin,when provided with
water outlets for such space,shall be considered equivalent to I lavatory.
91,sundry trays,I for each 50 persons. Stop oinks,I for each 100 persons.
General.—In applying thisschedule of facilities,consideration must be given to the
accessibility of the fixtures. Con(cirmilygrely on a numerical basis may not result In
an Installation suited to the need of the In Ividual establishment. For example,schools
should be provided with toilet facilities on each floor having classrooms.
Temporary workingmen facilities:
I water closet and 1 urinal for each go workmen.
24-Inch trough -I urinal.
86-Inch trough -2 urinals.
48-inch trough -8 urinals.
60•Inch trough -4 urinals.
CHAPTER 9
HANGERS AND SUPPORTS
8.1 Strain and stresses.
8.1.1 General.—Piping in a plumbing system shall be installed
without undue strains and stresses and provision shall be made for ex-
pansion, contraction, and structural settlement.
8.2 Vertical piping.
8.2.1 Attachment.—Vertical piping shall be secured at sufficiently
close intervals to keep the,pipc in alinement and carry the weight of the
pipe and contents.
8.2.2 Cast-iron soil pipe.—Cast-iron soil pipe shall be supported at
not less than at every story height and at its base.
8.2.3 Screwed pipe.—Screwed pipe (SPS) shall be supported at not
less than every other stor y height.
8.2.4 Copper tubing.—Copper tubing shall be supported at each
story for piping 1%inches and over and at not more than 4-foot intervals
for IV4 inches and smaller.
8.2.5 Lead pipe.—Lead pipe shall be supported at intervals not
exceeding 4 feet.
8.3 Horizontal piping.
8.3.1 Supports.—Horizontal piping shall be supported at sufficiently
close intervals to keep it in alinement and prevent sagging.
8.3.2 Cast-iron soil pipe.—Cast-iron soil pipe shall be supported at
not more than 5-foot intervals.
8.3.3 Screwed pipe.—Screwed pipe (SPS) shall be supported at
approximately 12-foot intervals.
8.3.4 Copper tubing.—Copper tubing shall be supported at ap-
proximately 6-foot intervals for piping 1% inches and smaller and 10-
foot intervals for piping 2 inches and larger.
8.3.5 Lead pipe.
—Lead pipe shall be supported by strips or other-
wise for its entire length.
8.3.6 In ground.—Piping in the g1-ound shall be laid on a firm bed
for its entire length, except where support is otherwise provided which
is adequate in the judgment of the administrative authority.
8.4 Hangers and anchors.
8.4.1 Material.—Hangers and anchors shall be of metal of sufficient
strength to maintain their proportional share of the pipe alinements and
prevent rattling.
8.4.2 Attachment.—Hangers and anchors shall be securely attached
to the building construction.
6921
8.5 Strains and stresses.
8.5.1 Installation of pipe.—Piping in a plumbing system shall be so
installed as to prevent; undue strains and stresses.
8.5.2 .Expansion and contraction.—Provision shall be made for ex-
pansion and contraction of piping and for structural settlement that ntay
affect the piping.
8.5.3 Piping in concrete..—Piping in concrete or masonry walls or
footings shall be placed or installed in chases or recesses which will permit
access to the piping for repair or replacement.
8.6 Base of stacks.
8.6.1 Supports.—Bases of cast-iron soil stacks shall be supported
on concrete, brick laid in cement mortar, metal brackets attached to the
building construction, or by other methods approved by the administra-
•five authority.
8.6.2 Piping material.---Other piping material shall be so anchored
as to take the load off the stack at the base.
i
CHAPTER 10
INDIRECT WASTE PIPING AND SPECIAL WASTES
9.1 Indirect waste piping.
9.1.1 General.—Wastes from the following shall discharge to the
building drainage system through an air gap serving the individual fix-
tures, devices, appliances, or apparatus.
9.1.2 Food handling.—Establishments engaged in the storage,
preparation, selling, serving, processing, or otherwise handling of food
shall have the waste piping from all refrigerators, ice boxes, rinse sinks,
cooling or refrigerating coils, laundry washers, extractors, steam tables,
egg boilers, coffee urns, or similar equipment discharge indirectly into a
water-supplied sink or receptor and the waste outlet shall terminate at
least 2 inches above the flood rim of such sink or receptor.
9.1.3 Commercial dishwashing machines.—Dishwashing machines,
except those in private living quarters or dwelling units, shall be in-
directly connected, except that when a dishwashing machine is located
adjacent to a floor drain the waste from the dishwashing machine may
be connected direct on the sewer side of the floor-drain trap.
9.1.4 Interceptor.—An interceptor may be placed on the outlet side
of the dishwashing machine, or on the discharge side of the indirect
waste receptor.
9.1.5 Connection.—Indirect waste connections shall be provided for
drains, overflows, or relief vents from the water-supply system.
9.1.6 Sterile materials.—Appliances, devices, or apparatus such as
stills, sterilizers, and similar equipment requiring water and waste and
used for sterile material shall be indirectly connected or provided with an
air gap between the trap and the appliance.
9.1.7 Drips.—Appliances, devices, or apparatus not regularly
classed as plumbing fixtures but which have drips or drainage outlets,
may be drained by indirect waste pipes discharging into an open re-
ceptacle as provided in paragraph 9.1.2.
9.2 Material and size.
9.2.1 The material and size of indirect waste pipes shall be in
accordance with the provisions of the other sections of this code appli-
cable to sanitary-drainage piping.
9.3 Length.
9.3.1 Waste pipe.—Any indirect waste pipe exceeding 2 feet in
length shall be trapped.
9.3.2 Maximum length.--The maximum length of the indirect
waste to vent shall not exceed 15 feet.
9.3.3 Cleaning.—Indirect waste piping shill be so installed as to
permit ready access for flushing and cleansing.
9.4 Air gap or backflow prcvcnter.
9.4.1 Provision of air gap.--The air gap between the indirect waste
and the building drainage system shall be at least twice the effective
diameter of the drain served and shall be as provided in paragraph 9.4.2 or
9.4.3;
9.4.2 By extending the indirect waste pipe to tin open, accessible
t slop sink, floor drain, or other suitable fixture which is properly trapped
or vented. The indirect waste shall terminate a sufficient distance above
the flood level rim of the receiving fixture to provide the required air gap,
and shall be installed in accordance with other applicable sections of this
,��gooe: _ ....
222
9.4.3 By providing;it break (stir gap) in the drain connection on the !
inlet side of the trap serving the fixture, device, appliance, or apparatus.
9.3 Receptors.
9.5.1 Installation.—Waste receptors serving indirect pipes shall
not be installed in any toilet room, nor in any inaccessible or unventi-
lated space such as a closet or storeroom.
9.5.2 Cleanout locution.—If the indirect waste receptor is set below
floor level, it shall be equipped with a running trap set adjacent to the
sink with cleanout brought level with the floor.
J9.5.3 Strainers and baskets.—Every indirect waste receptor shall be
equipped either with a readily removable metal basket over which all in-
direct waste pipe shall discharge, or the indirect waste receptor outlet
shall be equipped with a beehive strainer not less than 4 inches in height.
9.5.4 Splashing.—All plumbing receptors receiving the discharge
of indirect waste pipes, shall be of such shape and capacity as to prevent
splashing or flooding. No plumbing fixture which is used for domestic or
culinary purposes shall be used to receive the discharge of an indirect
waste pipe.
9.6• Clear water wastes.
! 9.6.1 Waste lifts, expansion tanks, cooling jackets, sprinkler sys-
tents, drip or overflow pans, or similar devices which waste clear water
;i only shall discharge into a roof or into the building drainage system
through an indirect waste.
9.7 Condensers and sumps. i
'1 9.7.1 No steam pipe shall connect to any part of a drainage or
plumbing system, nor shall any water above 140° be discharged into any
part of a drainage system. Such pipes may be indirectly connected by
discharging into an interceptor or into the drainage system.
9.8 Drinking fountains.
9.8.1 Drinking fountains may be installed with indirect wastes.
9.9 Special wastes.
9.9.1 Acid waste.—Acid and chemical indirect waste pipes shall be
of materials unaffected by the discharge of such wastes.
9.9.2 Neutralizing device.--In no case shall corrosive liquids, spent am
acids, or other harmful chemicals which might destroy or injure a drain,
sewer, soil, or waste pipe, or which might create noxious or toxic fumes,
discharge into the plumbing system without being thoroughly diluted
or neutralized by passing through a properly constructed and acceptable
dilution or neutralizing device. Such device shall be automatically pro-
vided with a sufficient intake of diluting water or neutralizing medium,
so as to make its contents noninjurious before being discharged into the
soil or sewage system.
9.10 Swimming pools.
9.10.1 Piping carrying waste water from swimming or wading
pools including pool drainage, back wash from filters, or water from
scum butter drains or floor drains which serve walks around pools, shall
be installed as an indirect waste pipe utilizing any existing circulation
pump, if necessary, when indirect waste pipe is below the sewer grade.
CHAPTER II
WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION
! 10.1 Quality of water supply.
10.1.1 Potable water.—Potable water is water which is satisfactory
for drinking, culinary, and domestic purposes, and meets the require-
ments of the health authority having jurisdiction.
10.1.2 Acceptable sources.—Where a public supply of potable water
is not available, requirements satisfactory to the administrative authority
shall be observed.
10.1.3 Nonpolable water.—Nonpotable water may be used for
flushing water closets and urinals and other fixtures not requiring potable
water, provided such water shall not be accessible for drinking or culinary
purposes.
10.2 Color code.
10.2.1 Identification of;4Piping.—Ail piping conveying nonpotable
water shall be adequately and durably identified by a distinctive yellow-
colored paint so that it is readily distinguished from piping carrying pot-
able water.
10.3 Water supply in
10.3.1 Every building in which plumbing fixtures are installed and
are for human occupancy or habitation shall be provided with an ample
supply of pure and wholesome water.
f 2z,f2w 3
10.4 Protection of pptable water supply.
10.4.1 Cross-cotittectiotis.—Potable water-supply piping, water dis-
charge outlets, backflow prevention devices, or similar equipment shall
not be so located as to make possible their submergence in any con-
tatninated or polluted liquid or substance,
10.4.2 Approval of devices.—IMore any device for the prevention
of backflow or back-siphonagc is installed, it shall have first been certified
as meeting the requirements of ASA A40,6-1943 by a testing laboratory
determined by the administrative authority to be reputable. Devices
installed in a potable-water-supply system for protection against back-
flow shall be maintained in good working condition by the person or per-
sons having control of such devices. The i(iniiiiisti-.ttive authority having
jurisdiction may inspect such devices and if found to be ineffective or
inoperative shall require the repair or replacement thereof.
10.4.3 Back,/low.—The water-distributing system shall be pro-
tected against backflow. Every water outlet shall be protected from
backflow, preferably by having the outlet end from which the water
flows spaced a distance above the flood-level rim of the receptacle into
which the water flows sufficient to provide a "minimum required air
gap" as defined in ASA A40.4-1942. Where it is not possible to provide
a minimum air gap, the water outlet shall be equipped with an accessibly
located backflow preventer complying with ASA A40.6-1943, installed
on the discharge side of the manual control valve.
10.4.4 Special devices.—Where it is not possible to provide either a
minimum air gap or a backflow preventer, as may be the case in con-
nection with cooling jackets, condensers of other industrial or special
appliances, the Administrative Authority shall require other approved
means of protection.
10.5 Vacuum-breakers and air gaps.
10.5.1 Flushometer.—Flushometer shall be equipped with an ap-
proved vacuum breaker. The vacuum breaker shall be installed on the
discharge side of the flushing valve with the critical level at least 4 inches
above the overflow rim of the bowl.
10.5.2 Flushing tanks.—Flushing tanks shall be equipped with an
approved ball-cock. The ball-cock shall be installed with the critical
level of the vacuum breaker at least 1 inch above the full opening of the
overflow pipe. In cases where the ball-cock has no hush tube, the bottom
of the water supply inlet shall be installed I inch above the full opening
of the overflow pipe.
10.5.3 Trough urinals.—Trough urinals shall be equipped with a
vacuum breaker installed on the discharge side of the last valve and not
less than 30 inches above the spray pipe.
10.5.4 Lawn sprinklers.—Lawn-sprinkler systems shall be equipped
with a backflow preventer on the discharge side of each of the last valves.
The backflow preventer shall be at least 6 inches above the highest head,
and at no time less than 6 inches above the surrounding ground. Where
combination control valves and backflow preventers are installed, the
bottom of the valve shall constitute the bottom of the backflow preventer.
10.5.5 Valve outlet.—Fixtures with hose attachments shall be pro-
tected by a backflow preventer installed 6 inches above the highest point
of usage and on the discharge side of the valve.
10,6 Water-service pipe.
10.6.1 Except as permitted in paragraph 10.6.2, the underground
water-service pipe and the building drain or building sewer shall be not
less than 10 feet apart horizontally and shall be separated by undisturbed
or compacted earth.
10.6.2 The water-service pipe may be placed in the same trench
with the building drain and building sewer provided the following con-
ditions are met:
The bottom of the water-service pipe, at all points, shall be at least
12 inches above the top of the sewer line at its highest point.
The water-service pipe shall be placed on a solid shelf excavate(] at
one side of the common trench.
The number of joints in the service pipe shall be kept to a minimum.
The materials and joints of sewer and water-service pipe shall be
MM installed in such manner and shall possess the necessary strength and
durability to prevent the escape of solids, liquids, and gases, therefrom,
under all known adverse conditions such as corrosion, strains due to
tempera I ture changes, settlement, vibrations, and superimposed loads.
224
111.6,3 Stop-and-waste valve conlbinatiom—Combination stop-anti-
waste valves and cocks shall not be installed in in underground service
pipe.
10.6.4 Private water supply.—No private water supply shall be
interconnected with['fly public water supply without the specific approval
of the Department of Health.
j 10.7 Water pumping and storage equipment.
10.7.1 Punips and other appliances.—Water pumps, tanks, filters, (�
softeners, and all other appliances and devices shall be protected against
contamination.
10.7.2 Water-supply tanks.—Potable-water-supply tanks shall be
properly covered to prevent the entrance of foreign material or insects
into the water supply. Soil or waste lines shall not pass directly over
such tanks.
10.7.3 Pressure tanks, boilers, and relief valves.—The drains from
pressure tanks, boilers, relief valves, and similar equipment shall be con-
nected to the drainage system'through an indirect waste.
10.7.4 Cleaning, painting, repairing.water tanks.—A potable-water-
supply tank used for domestic purposes shall not be lined, painted, or
repaired with any material which will affect either the taste or the pot-
ability of the water supply when the tank is returned to service. Tanks
shall be disconnected from the system during such operations, to prevent
any foreign fluid or substance from entering the distribution piping.
10.8 Water-supply tanks (house-suction booster).
10.8.1 When required.—When the water pressure from the city
mains during flow is insufficient to supply all fixtures freely and con-
tinuously, the rate of supply,shall be supplemented by a gravity house
tank or booster system.
10.8.2 Support.—All water-supply tanks shall be supported in
accordance with the building code or other regulations which apply.
10.8,3 Overflow pipes for water-supply tanks.—Overflow pipes for
gravity tanks shall discharge above and within 6 inches of a roof or catch
basin, or they shall discharge over an open, water-supplied sink. Ade-
quate overflow pipes properly screened against the entrance of insects
and vermin shall be provided. NMI
10.8.4 Tank supply.—The water-supply inlet within the tank shall
be at an elevation not less than is required for an air gap in an open tank
with overflow, but in no case shall the elevation be less than 4 inches
above the overflow. (See appendix D.)
10.8.5 Drains.—Water-supply tanks shall be provided with valved
drain lines located at their lowest point and discharged as an indirect
waste or as required for overflow pipes in paragraph 10.43.
10.8.6 Size of overflow.—Overflow drains for water supply tanks
shall not be less than the following:
I
Tank capacity Tank capacity
Drain pipe(inches) (gallons) Drain pipe(inches) (gallons)
1........................ Up to 760. 21...................... 8,001 to 6,000,
I,%...................... 761 to 1,600. 3................,...... b,001 to 7,600.
2......................... 1,601 to 8,000. 4....... ............. Over 7,600.
i
Each drain line shall be equipped with a quick-opening valve of the,.
same diameter as the pipe.
10.8.7 Gravity and suction tanks.—Tanks used for domestic water
supply, combined supply to fire standpipes and domestic water system,
or to supply standpipes for fire-fighting equipment only,shall be equipped
with tight covers which are vermin and rodent proof. Such tanks shall i
be vented with a return bend vent pipe having an area not less than one-
half the area of the down feed riser and the vent opening shall be covered
with a metallic screen of not less than 100 mesh.
10.8.8 Pressure tanks.—Pressure tanks used for supplying water to
the domestic water distribution system, combined supply to fire stand-
pipes and domestic water system, or to supply standpipes for fire equip-
( ment only, shall be equipped with a vacuum-breaking device located on
the top of the tank. The air inlet of this device shall be covered with a
metallic screen of not less than 100 mesh.
10.9 Disinfection of potable water system piping.
10.9.1 The administrative authority having jurisdiction shall re-
quire when necessary that the potable-water system or any part thereof
installed or repaired be disinfected in accordance with one of the following
methods before it is placed in operation.
10-9.2 The system, or part thereof, shall be filled with a solution
pontaining 50 parts per million of available chlorine and allowed to stand
°{' {" 6 hours before flushing and returning to service,
10.9.3 The system, or part thereof, shall be filled with a solution
containing 100 parts per million of available chlorine and allowed to stand
2 hours before flushing and returning to service.
10.9.4 In the case of potable-water storage tank where it is not
possible to disinfect as provided in paragraphs 10.9.2 and 10.9.3 the entire
interior of the tank shall be swabbed with a solution containing 200 parts
per million of available chlorine and the solution allowed to stand 2 hours
before flushing and returning to service,
10.9.5 In the case of potable-water filters or similar devices, the
dosage shall be determined by the administrative authority.
10.10 Water-distribution pipe, tubing and fittings.
10.10.1 Materials for water-distributing pipes and tubing shall be
brass, copper, lead, cast iron, wrought iron, open-hearth iron, or steel,
with appropriate approved fittings. All threaded ferrous pipe and fittings
shall be galvanized (zinc-coated) or cement lined. When used under-
ground in corrosive soil, all ferrous pipe and fittings shall be coal-tar
enamel coated and the threaded joints shall be coated and wrapped after
installation.
10.11 Allowance for character of water.
10-11.1 Selection of materials.—When selecting the material and
size-for water-supply pipe, tubing, or fittings, due consideration shall be
given to the action of the water on the interior and of the soil,fill,or other
material on the exterior of the pipe. No material that would produce
toxic conditions in a potable-water-supply system shall be used for pip-
ing, tubing, or fittings.
10-11.2 Used piping.—No piping material that has been used for
other than a potable-water-supply system shall be reused in the potable.
water-supply system.
10-12 Water-supply control.
10.12.1 Water-supply control.—A main shut-off valve on the water-
service pipe shall be provided near the curb and, also, an accessible shut-
off valve with a drip valve shall be provided inside near the entrance of
the water-service pipe into the building.
10-12.2 Tank controls.—Supply lines taken from pressure or gravity
tanks shall be valved at or near their source.
10-12.3 Separate controls for each family unit.—In two-family or
multiple dwellings, each family unit shall be controlled by an arrange-
; ment of shut-off valves which permit each group of fixtures or the in-
dividual fixtures to be shut off without interference with the water supply
to any other farnily unit or other portion of the building.
10-12.4 Group fixtures.—A group of fixtures means two or more fix-
tures adjacent or near each other. Ina one-family house one or two bath-
rooms adjacent or one over the other may be considered a group.
10.12.5 Building's other than dwellings.—In all buildings other than
dwellings shut-off valves shall be installed,which permit the water supply
to all equipment in each separate room to be shut off without interference
with the water supply to any other room or portion of the building.
10-12.6 Water heating equipment.—A shut-off valve shall be pro-
vided in the cold-water branch line to each water-storage tank or each
water heater.
10-12.7 Shut-off valve at meter.—The shut-off valve at the discharge
side of the water meter shall be not less in size than the size of the building
water service.
10.13 Water-supply distribution.
10.13.1 Water-service pipe.---The water-service pipe from the street
main to the water-distribution system for the building shall be of sufficient
size to furnish an adequate flow of water to meet the requirements of the
building at peak demand,and in no case shall be less than Y4 inch nominal
diameter.
If flushometers or other devices requiring a high rate of water flow
are used, the water-service pipe shall be designed to supply this flow.
10.13.2 Demand load.—The demand load in the building water.
supply system shall be based on the number and kind of fixtures installed
and the probable simultaneous use of these fixtures.
10-14 Procedure in sizing the water distribution system of a
building.
10,14.1 The sizing of the water distribution system shall conform
to good engineering practice. Designed factors used to determine pipe
sizes shall be adequate in the judgment of the administrative authority.
10.14.2 Size of fixture supply.—The minimum size of a fixture-
' supply pipe shall be as follows:
226
pipe site
Type of fixture or devices (inch)
Bath tubs..,. ........ I . .
Combination sink and tray... . . .. . . . . , . . ... .. .. .. . . .. .......
Drinking fountain., .... ..... .. .. .. 4�
Dishwasher(domestic).............. ...... ...... .......... ........... Aj i
Kitchen sink,residential........ ...... IJ
Kitchen sink,commercial. .... ............ .............. . ............
Labatory................................... .. ...... ............... g�
Laundry tray, 1,2,or 3 compartments. . ................. .. ...........
Shower(single head). . ........... ....
Sinks (service,slop). ............... . . ............................... Y I
Sinks,flushing rim.. . ............... .
Urinal (flush tank).. .......... ...... .............. . ................
Urinal (direct flush valve) ,.... .................. ................ aj
Water closet(tank type), e�
Water closet(flush valve type). . . .. .. ...... .... . .........I........... 1
Hose Gibbs.................. ....... .
Wail hydrant......... ........... .......... ...... .. ................. >�
For fixtures not listed, the minimum supply branch may be made the
same as for a comparable fixture.
10.14.3 Minimum pressure.—Minimum, fairly constant, service
pressure, at the point of outlet discharge shall be not less than 8 pounds
per square inch for all fixtures except for direct flush-valves, for which it
shall be not less than 15 pounds per square inch, and except where special
equipment is used requiring higher pressures. In determining the mini-
mum pressure, allowance shall be made for the pressure drop due to fric-
tion loss in the piping system during maximum demand periods as well as
head, meter, and other losses in the system.
10.14.4 Auxiliary pressure-Supplementary tank.-If the residual
pressure in the system is below the allowable minimum at the highest
water outlet when the flow in the system is at peak demand, an auto-
matically controlled pressure tank or gravity tank shall be installed, of
sufficient capacity to supply sections of the building installation which
are too high to be supplied directly from the public water main.
10.14.5 Low pressure cut-off.—When a booster pump is used on an
auxiliary pressure system and the possibility exists that a pressure of 5
pounds per square inch or less may occur on the suction side of the pump,
there shall be installed a low-pressure cut-off on the booster pump to pre-
vent the creation of negative pressures on the suction side of the water
system. Other arrangements may be used if found adequate and if ap-
proved as such by the administrative authority.
10.14.6 Variable street pressures.—When the street main has a wide
fluctuation in pressure during the day, the water distribution system shall
be designed for minimum pressure available.
10.14.7 Hazard and noise.—Where water pressures are excessive,
air chambers or other approved mechanical devices shall be provided to
reduce water hammer or line noises to such an extent that no pressure
hazard to the piping system will exist.
10.15 Hot-water distribution.
10.15.1 Hot-water distribution piping.—The sizing of the hot-water
distribution piping shall conform to good engineering practice.
10.16 Safety devices.
10.16.1 Pressure-relief valve.—Pressure-relief valves shall be in-
stalled for all equipment used for heating or storage of hot water. The
rate of discharge of such a valve shall limit the pressure rise for any given
heat input to 10 percent of the pressure at which the valve is set to open.
10.16.2 Temperature-relief valves.—Temperature-relief valves shall _r
nstalled for all equipment used for the heating or storage of hot water.
Each valve shall berated as to its B. t. u.capacity. At 210°F., it shall be
capable of discharging sufficient hot water to prevent any further rise in
temperature.
a 10.16.3 Approvals.—Combination pressure- and temperature-relief j
valves or separate pressure- and temperature-relief valves which have
been tested and approved by, or meet the specification requirements of,
the American Gas Association or the National Board of Casualty and
Surety Iinderwriters, shall he considered acceptable.
t
2,27
10.16.4 Relief-valve location.—Temperature-relief valves shall be
placed directly above tanks served and in no case more than 3 inches
away from such tanks. Pressure-relief valves may be located adjacent
to the equipment they serve. There shall be no check valve or shut-off
valve between a relief valve and the heater or tank for which it is installed.
10.16.5 Relief outlet wastes.—The outlet of a pressure, temperature,
or other relief valve shall not be connected to the drainage system as a
direct waste.
10.16.6 Pressure marking of storage lank.—Any storage tank here-
after installed for domestic hot water sliall have clearly and indelibly
stamped in the metal, or so marked upon a plate welded thereto or other-
wise permanently attached, the maximum allowable working pressure.
Such markings shall be placed in an accessible position on the outside of
the tank so as to make inspection or reinspection readily possible.
10.17 Miscellaneous.
10.17.1 Drain cock.—All storage tanks sliall be equipped with ade-
quate drain cocks.
10.17.2 Line valves.—Valves in the water-supply distribution sys-
tem, except those immediately controlling one fixture supply, when fully
opened shall have a cross-sectional area of the smallest orifice or opening
through which the water flows at least equal to the cross-sectional area of
the nominal size of the pipe in which the valve is installed.
10.17.3 Water used for processing.—Water used for cooling of equip-
ment or similar purposes shall not be returned to the potable-water dis- i
tributing system. When discharged to the building drainage system, j
the waste water shall be discharged through an indirect waste pipe or air
gap. 1
CHAPTLx 12
DRAINAGE SYSTEM
11.1 Materials.
11.1.1 General.—Pipe, tubing, and fittings for drainage systems
shall comply with the provisions in chapter 3.
11.1.2 Above-ground kiping within buildings.—Soil and waste pip-
We ing for a drainage system within a building shall be of cast iron, lead,
brass, or copper pipe, or copper tubing.
11.1.3 Underground piping within buildings.—Drains within build-
ings, when underground, sliall be of cast-iron soil pipe. For buildings
under two stories in height, the pipe may be service weight.
The following materials may be used underground when approved
as safe by the administrative authority: Galvanized steel or galvanized
ferrous alloy, lead, or copper pipe, or copper tubing. Where threaded
joints are approved for use underground, they shall be coated and
wrapped after installation.
11.1.4 Fittings.—Fittings on the drainage system shall conform to
the type of piping used. Fittings on screwed pipe shall be of the recessed
drainage type. (See sec. 2.4.)
-11.2 Building sewer.
11.2.1 Separate trenches.—The building sewer, when installed in a
separate trench from the water-service pipe,shall be cast-iron sewer pipe,
vitrified-clay sewer pipe, or asbestos-cement sewer pipe. ,Joints shall be
watertight and rootproof.
11.2.2 One trench.—The building sewer, when installed in the same
trench with the water-service pipe shall be constructed of durable ma-
terials which are corrosion-resistant and shall be so installed as to remain
watertight and be rootproof. The building sewer shall be tested with a
10-foot head of water or equivalent and found to be tight.
11.2.3 Sewer in filled ground.—A building sewer or building drain
installed in filled or unstable ground shall be of cast-iron pipe,except that
nonmetallic drains may be laid upon an approved concrete pad if installed
in accordance with paragraph 11.2.1.
11.2.4 Sanitary and storm sewers.—Where separate systems of
sanitary drainage and storm drainage are installed in the same proper:y,
the sanitary and storm building sewers or drains may be laid side'hy side
in one trench.
11.2.5 Old house sewers and drains.—Old house sewers and house
drains may be used in connection with new buildings or new plumbing
and drainage work only when they are found, on1exa*Tiination and test, to
.r�
228
7; -7.
conform in all respects to the requirements governing new house sewers,
and the administrative authority shall notify the owner to make the
changes necessary to conform to this Code,
11.3 Drainage piping instRilati011- drainage piping
11.3.1 Horizontal drainage piping,---Horizontal dr,a
shall be installed at a uniform slope but at Slopes not less than permitted
in paragraphs 11.3.2, 11.3.3, and 11.3.4.
11.3.2 StIlall piping.—Horizontal drainage piping of 3-inch diam-,
eter and less shall be installed with a fall of not less than one-quarter inch
per foot.
11.3.3 Large piping.—Horizontal drainage piping of larger than
3-inch diameter shall be installed with a fall of not less than one-eighth
inch per foot.
11.3.4 Minimum velocity.—Where conditions do not permit build-
ing drains and*sewers to be laid with a fall as great as that specified, then
a lesser slope may be permitted provided the computed velocity will be
not less than 2 fps.
11.4 Fixture units.
11.4.1 Values for fixtures.—Fixture-unit values as given in table
11.4.2 designate the relative load weight of different kinds of fixtures
which shall be employed in estimating the total load carried by a soil or
waste pipe and shall be used in connection with the tables of sizes for soil
waste, and drain pipes for which the permissible load is given in terms oi
fixture units.
'11.4.2.
TABLE 11.4.2 Fixture units per fixture or group
Fixture-unit value Minimum size of
Fixturii type as load factors trap(Inchco)
!Tank water
I bathroom group consisting of water closet,lavorato ,and closet......
bath tub or ahower stall. ry, �Flush-val��'
t water closet. 8
Bathtubt(with or without overhead shower)................. 2 155 t
Bathtubs................................... ......... 3 2
Bidet................................................... 3 Nominal,..... 155
Combination sink-and-tray................... ............ a
Combination sink-and-tray with food-disposal unit........... 4 Separate traps I
Dental unit or cuspidor................................... 1 1i
Dental lavatory................................ i
Drinking fountain........................................ 1
-
Dl,,hwher,2 domestic......................... ... ... . 2 1%
Floor draln............................ ......... .. 1 2
Kitchen sink,domestic.................................... 2 15
-disposal unit............. I
Kitchen k.domestic,with food 3
Iv-(. ....................................... I Small P.0... 1 Y,
Do.........I........................................ 2 Large P.0...
Lavatory,barber,beauty parlor........ 2
Lavatory,surgeon's.................. 2
Laundry troy(I or 2 compartment a)....................... 2
Shower stall,domestic...I.......I........................ 2 2
Showers(group)per head'............... ... ..... ....... 3
Sinks:
Surgeon's........................................... 3 155
Flushing rim(with valve).......................:...*I
r., J! Service(Trap standard)............................... 3
Service(P trap)..................................... 2 2
Pot,scullery,etc.,........ .............. ...... 4 1 j5
Urinal,pedestal,syphon jet,blowout. ................... 8 Nominal._. a
Urinal,wall lip........................................... 4 134
Urinal stall,washout.................... ....... 4 2
Urinal trough2(each 2-root section)......... ............... 2 155
Wash ninkt(circular or multiple),each set of faucets.......... 2 Nominal...... 156
Witter closet:
Tank-operated....................................... 4 Nominal..... a
Valve-operated....................................... 8 3
1A shower head over a bathtub does not increase the fixture value.
2See pars.11.4.3 and 11.4.4 for method of computing unit value of fixtures not listed in table 11.4.2 or
for rating of deviws with Intermittent flows.
:Size of floor drain shall be determined by the area of surface water to be drained.
Lavatories with IX-or I Yi-Inch traps have the same load value,larger P.O.plugs have greater flow
rate.
11.4.3 Fixtures not listed in table 11.4.2 shall be estimated in ac-
cordance with table 11.4.3.
TABLE•11.4.3
Fixture- Fixture-
Fixture drain or trap size Unit VAIUC Fixture drain or trap size unit value
15t inches and smaller.......I...... 1 2' Chen...................... 4
11,,lacl!�.::::.................... 2 3 I'Unhe a....................... 5
,,.ic
2 ....... 3 4 Inches........................ 6
11.4.4 Values for continuous flow.—For a continuous or semicon-
tinuous flow into a drainage system, such as from a pump, pump ejector,
air-conditioning equipment, or similar device, two fixture units Shall be
allowed for each gallon-per-minute
of flow.
11.5 Determination of sizes for the drainage system.
11.5.1 Maximum fixture-unit load.—The maximum number of fix-
ture units that may be connected to a given size of building sewer, build-
00
Otn
Fyw a
ing drain, horizontal brunch, or vertical soil or waste stack is given in
tables 11.5.2 and 11.5.3.
11.5,2.
TABLE 11,5.2 Building drains and setvers
Maximum number or fixture units flint may be
connected to any por((oni of the building
drain or the building sever
Diameter of pipe(Inches)
Fall per font
1/16-inch %-Inch )Q-inch �J-Inch
2. ....................................... 21 26
2N........................................ .. 24 111
3..,.,...., X20 227 286
4......................................... I80 216 260
5........................I................. .... ....... 090 490 575
6.......................................... ..... 700 940 1.000
8......................................... 1,4(I0 1,000 1.920 2,300
10................. 1.500 2,9011 81600 4.200
12......................................... 3,900 4,600 5,600 6,700
lIncludes branches of the building drain.
iNot over 2 water closets.
TABLL 11.5.3 Horizontal fixture branches and stacks
Maximum number of fixture units that may be
connected to—
More than 8 stories In
Diameter of pipe(inches) Any hors- 1 stack of height
zonlaP 3 stories in
11 xture height or 3 Total at 1
branch intervals Total for story or
stack branch
Interval
1 1 2 1
1 ....................................... 3 4 8 2
2......................................... 6 10 24 6
2> ........................................ 12 20 42 9
3.......................................... 220 330 160 216
4.......................................... 160 240 500 90
5...........I.............................. 860 540 1,100 200
6.......................................... 62o 960 1,900 860
8..............I...................I....... 1.400 2,200 3,600 600
10..........I.............................. 2.500 3,800 5,600 1.600
12......................................... 3,900 6,000 8,400 1,600
'Does not Include branches of the building drain.
Tot over 2 water closets.
3Not over 6 water clooets.
11.5.4 Minimum size of soil and waste stacks.—No soil or waste
stock shall be smaller than the largest horizontal branch connected
thereto.
11.5.5 Minimum size of stack-vent or vent stack.—Any structure on
which a building drain is installed shall have at least one stack-vent or
vent stack carried full size through the roof not less than 4 inches in
diameter or the size of the building drain, whichever is the lesser.
1.1.5.6 Future fixtures.—When provision is made for the future in-
stallation of fixtures those provided for shall be considered in determining
the requirdsizes of drain pipes. Construction to provide for such future
installation shall be terminated with a plugged fitting or fittings at the
stack so as to form no dead end.
11.5.7 Underground drainage piping.—No portion of the drainage
system installed underground or below a basement or cellar shall be less
than 2 inches in diameter.
11.6 Offsets on drainage piping.
11.6.1 Offsets of 45° or less.—An offset in a vertical stack, with a
change of direction of 45° or less from the vertical, may be sized as a
straight vertical stack. In case a horizontal branch connects to the stack
within 2 feet above or below the offset, a relief vent shall be installed in
accordance with paragraph 12.18.3.
11.6.2 baste stacks serving kitchen sinks.--In a one- or two-family
dwelling only in which the waste stack or vent receives the discharge of a
kitchen-type sink and also serves as a vent for fixtures connected to the
horizontal portion of the branch served by the waste stack, the minimum
size of the waste stack up to the highest sink branch connection shall be
2 inches in diamter. Above that point the size of the stack shall be gov-
erned by the total number of fixture units vented by the stack.
1,1.6.3 Above highest branch.—An offset above the highest liori-
zontal branch is an offset in the stack-vent and shall be considered only
as it affects the developed length of the vent.
11.6.4 Below lowest branch.--In the case of an offset in a soil or
waste stack below the lowest horizontal branch, no change in diameter
of the stack because of the offset shall be required if it is made at an angle
not greater than 45°. If such an offset is made at an angle greater than
45°, the required diameter of the offset and the stack below it shall be
determined as for a building drain. (See table 11.5.2)
273
1145 Offsets of more than 45°,--A stack with an offset of more than
45° from the vertical shall be sized as follows:
The portion of the stack above the offset shall be sized as for it regular
stack based on the total number of fixture units above the offset,
The upper portion of the stack above the offset shall be sized as for
a building drain, (�ce table 11.5.2, column 5.)
The portion of the stack below the offset shall be sized as for the
offset or based on the total number of fixture units on the entire stack,
whichever is the larger. (See table 11.5.3, column 4.) I,
A relief vent for the offset shall be installed as provided in chapter
12 and in no case shall the horizontal branch connect to the stack within
2 feet above or below the offset.
11.7 Sumps and ejectors. wY
11.7.1 Building drains below sewer.--,Building drains which can-
not be discharged to the sewer by gravity flow shall be discharged into a
tightly covered and vented sump from which the liquid shall be lifted and
discharged into the building gravity drainage sys..em by automatic pump-
ing equipment or by any equally efficient method approved by the ad-
ministrative authority.
11.7.2 Storage period.—The storage of drainage in a sump or ejector
shall not exceed a period of 12 hours.
11.7.3 Design.—Sump and pumping equipment shall be so designed
as to discharge all contents accumulated in the sump during the cycle of
emptying operation.
11.7.4 Venting.—The system of drainage piping below the sewer
level shall be installed and vented, in a manner similar to that of the
gravity system.
11.7.5 Duplex equipment.—Sumps receiving the discharge of more
than six water closets shall be provided with duplex pumping equipment.
11.7.6 Vent sizes.—Building sump vents shall be sized in accord-
ance with table 12.21.5 but shall in no case be sized less than 1% inches.
11.7.7 Separate vents.—Vents from pneumatic ejectors or similar
equipment shall be carried separately to the open air as a vent terminal.
11.7.8 Connections.—No direct connection of a steam exhaust,
blowoff, or drip pipe shall be-made with the building drainage system. 1
I Waste water when discharged into the building drainage system shall be
at a temperature not higher than 140° F. When higher temperature
exists, proper cooling methods shall be provided.
11.8 Floor drains.
11.8.1 Accessibility.—Floor drains shall connect into a trap so con-
structed that it can be readily cleaned and of a size to serve efficiently the
purpose for which it is intended. The drain inlet shall be so located that
it is, at all times, in full view.
11.8.2 Connection.—Floor drains subject to backflow shall not be
directly connected to the drainage system.
11.8.3 Provision for evaporation.—Floor-drain trap seals subject
y to evaporation shall be of the deep-seal type or shall be fed from an ap-
proved plumbing fixture or by means of an approved automatic priming
i device designed and approved for that purpose.
11.8.4 Size.—Floor-drain traps and drains, installed below a base-
ment floor or underground, shall be not less than 2 inches in diameter.
11.8.5 Bell traps.—Bell traps are prohibited.
11.9 Frost protection. r
11.9.1 No soil or waste pipes shall be installed or permitted outside
of a building, or concealed in outside walls or in any place where they
may be subjected to freezing temperatures, unless adequate provision is
made to protect them from frost.
CHAPTER 13 - —
VENTS AND VENTING
12.1 Materials.
12.1.1 Vents.--Pipe, tubing,and fittings for the vent piping system
shall comply with the provisions in chapter 3.
12.1.2 Specific type.—Standards given in table 3.5 apply to the
specific materials approved for use and as indicated in the various para-
graphs in this chapter as they apply to the venting system.
12.1.3 Piping.—Vent piping shall be of cast-iron, galvanized
wrought iron, galvanized steel, and ferrous alloys, lead, brass, or copper
pipe, or copper tubing.
! 12.1.4 Underground.—Vent piping placed underground shall be
cast-iron soil pipe; provided that other materials may be used for under-
ground vents when found adequate and installed as directed by the ad-
ministrative authority. Where threaded joints are permitted for use
underground, they shall be coated and wrapped >
' I Pec1 atte.r installation and
test. ...,
12.1,5 Fittings.—Fittings shall conform to the type of pipe used in
the vent system as required by paragraphs 12.1.2 and 12.1.3.
12.1.6 Acid system.—Vent piping of acid-waste systems shall con-
form to that required for acid-waste pipe, except as may be found ade-
citiate by the administrative authority.
12.1.7 Other materials.—Nothing in this section shall be deemed to
preclude the use of other materials of equal or better quality when ap-
proved as such by the administrative authority.
12.2 Protection of trap seals.
12.2.1 Traps protected.—The protection of trap seals from siphonage
or back pressure shall be accomplished by the appropriate use of soil or
waste stacks, vents, revents, back vents, loop vents,circuit or continuous
vents, or combinations thereof, installed in accordance with the require-
ments of this chapter.
12.3 Vent stacks.
12.3.1 Installation.—A vent stack or a main vent shall be installed
with a soil or waste stack whenever back vents, relief vents, or other
branch vents are required in two or more branch intervals.
12.3.2 Terminal.—The vent stack shall terminate independently
above the roof of the building or shall be connected with the extension
of the soil or waste stack (stack-vent) at least 6 inches above the flood-
level rim of the highest fixture.
12.3.3 Main stack.—Every building in which plumbing is installed
shall have at least one main stack, which shall run undiminished in size
and as directly as possible, from the building drain through to the open
air above the roof.
{� 12.4 Vent terminals.
12.4.1 Roof extension.—Extensions of vent pipes through a roof
shall be terminated at least 6 inches above it.
12.4.2 Roof garden.—Where a roof is to be used for any purpose
other than weather protection, the vent extensions shall be run at least 5
feet above the roof.
12.4.3 Flashings.—Each vent terminal shall be made watertight
with the roof by proper flashing.
12.4.4 Flag poling.—Vent terminals shall not be used for the pur-
pose of flag poling, TV aerials, or similar purposes, except when the pip-
ing has been anchored to the construction and approved as safe by the
administrative authority.
12.4.5 Location of vent terminal:—No vent terminal from a drain-
age system shall be directly beneath any door, window, or other venti-
lating opening of the building or of an adjacent building nor shall any
such vent terminal be within 10 feet horizontally of such an opening un-
less-it is at least 2 feet above the top of such opening.
12.4.6 Extensions through wall.—Vent terminals extending through
a wall, when permitted by the administrative authority, shall be at least
10 feet horizontally from any lot line. They shall be turned to provide
an opening downward. They shall be effectively screened and shall meet
the requirements of paragraph 12.4.5. Vent terminals shall not termi-
nate under the overhang of the building.
12.4.7 Extensions outside building.—No soil, waste, or vent pipe
extension shall be run or placed on the outside of a wall of any new build-
ing, but shall be carried up inside the building.
12.6 Vent grades and connections.
12.6.1 Grade.—All vent and branch-vent pipes shall be so graded
and connected as to drip back to the soil or waste pipe by gravity.
12.6.2 Vertical rise.—Where vent pipes connect to a horizontal soil
or waste pipe, the vent shall be taken off above the center line of the soil
pipe, and the vent pipe shall rise vertically, or at an angle not more than j
45°from the vertical, to a point at least 6 inches above the flood-level rim
of the fixture it is venting before offsetting horizontally or before con-
necting to the branch vent.
12.6.3 Height above ,fixture.—A connection between a vent pipe
and a vent stack or stack-vent shall be made at least 6 inches above the
flood-level rim of the highest fixtures served by the vent. Horizontal
vent pipes forming branch vents, relief vents, or loop vents shall be at
least 6 inches above the flood-level rim of the highest fixture served.
12.6.4 Side inlet.—Side-inlet closet bends are permitted only in j
cases where the fixture connecting thereto is vented and in no case shall
the inlet be used to vent it bathroom group without being washed by it fix-
ture.
12.7 Bars and soda-fountain sinks.
12.7.1 Bar and fountain-sink traps.--Traps serving sinks which are
part of the equipment of bars, soda fountains, and counters need not be
vented when the location and construction of such bars, soda fountains,
and counters are such as to make it impossible so to do. When such
conditions exist, such sinks shall discharge into it floor sink or hopper
which is properly trapped and vented.
12.7.2 Sumps.—Sinks or sumps, receiving indirect waste, shall be
located in a properly lighted and ventilated space.
12.8 Fixtures back-to-back.
12.8.1 Distance.—Two fixtures set back-to-back, within the dis-
tance allowed between a trap and its vent, may be served with one con.
tinuous soil or waste-vent pipe, provided that each fixture wastes sepa-
rately into an approved double fitting having inlet openings at the same
level. (See par. 12.10.2.)
12.9 Fixture vents.
12.9.1 Distance of trap from vent.—Each fixture trap shall have it
protecting vent so located that the slope and the developed length in the
fixture drain from the trap weir to the vent fitting are within the require-
ments set forth in table 12.9.3.
12.9.2 Trap-seal protection.—The plumbing system shall be prom
vided with a system of vent piping which will permit the admission or
emission of air so that under normal and intended use the seal of any
fixture trap shall not be subjected to a pressure differential of more than
1 inch of water.
12.9.3.
TABLC 12.9.3 Distance of fixture trap from vent
Distance trap to
vent
size of fixture drain(inches) Feet Inches
1 ................................................................... 2 8
2...........: >, U
fi U
3...................................................................... 6 0
4....................................................................... 10 U
12.9.4 Trap dip.—The vent pipe opening from it soil or waste pipe,
except for water closets and similar fixtures, shall not be below the top
weir of the trap.
12.9.5 Crown vent.—No back vent shall be installed within two
pipe diameters of the trap weir.
a, 12.10 Common vent.
12.10.1 Individual vent.—An individual vent, installed vertically,
may be used as a common vent for two fixture traps when both fixture
drains connect with a vertical drain at the same level.
12.10.2 Common vent.—A common vent may be used for two fix-
tures set on the same floor level but connecting at different levels in the
stack, provided the vertical drain is one pipe diameter larger than the
upper fixture drain but in no case smaller than the lower fixture drain,
whichever is the larger and that both drains conform to table 12.9.3.
12.11 Vents for fixture trap below trap dip.
12.11.1 Hydraulic gradient.--Fixture drains shall be vented within
( the hydraulic gradient between the trap outlet and vent connection, but
in no case shall the unvented drain exceed the distance provided for in
table 12.9.3.
12.11.2 Different levels.—If any stack has fixtures entering at dif-
ferent levels, the fixtures other than the fixture entering at the highest
level shall be vented,except as may be permitted in other sections of this
chapter.
12.12 Wet venting.
12.12.1 Single bathroom groups.—A single bathroom group of fix-
tures may be installed with the drain from it back-vented lavatory, ;
kitchen sink, or combination fixture serving as a wet vent for a bathtub
or shower stall and for the water closet, provided that:
t (a) Not more than one fixture unit is drained into a 1 3/2-inch-
diameter wet vent or not more than four fixture units drain f
into a 2-inch-diameter wet vent. I
(b) The horizontal branch connects to the stack at the same level
as the water-closet drain or below the water-closet drain when
installed on the top 11(mr. It may alw) connect to the water-
closet bend.
Oft r?
12.12.2 Double bath.—Bathroom groups back-to-back on top floor
consisting of two lavatories and two bathtubs or shower stalls may I)e
installed on the same horizontal branch with it common vent for the
lavatories and with no back vent for the bathtubs or shower stalls and
for the water closets, provided the wet vent is 2 inches in diameter, and
the length of the fixture drain conforms to table 12.9.3.
12.12.3 Multistory bathroom groups.—On the lower floors of it multi-
story building, the waste pipe from Otte or two Iavatories may be used as
a wet vent for one or two bathtubs or showery provided that:
(a) The wet vent and its extension to the vent stack is 2 inches in
diameter.
(b) Each water closet below the top Iloor is individually back
vented. 1�
(c) The vent stack is sired as given in table 12.12.3 (c).
TAME 12,12.3 (c) Sire of vent stacks
Diameter of
Number of wol-vonlyd flxlures vent stacks
(Inches)
1 or 2 bathtubs or showers......................................................... 2
8 to 6 bathtubs or showers........................................................ 2yj
6 to 9 bathtubs or showers..................................................... S
10 to 16 bathtubs or showers....................................................... 4
12.12.4 Exception..—In multistory bathroom groups, wet vented in
accordance with paragraph 12.13.3, the water closets below the top floor
need not be individually vented if the 2-inch waste connects directly into
the water-closet bend at a 45°angle to the horizontal portion of the bend
in the direction of flow.
12.13 Stack venting.
12.13.1 One-bathroom group.—Except as indicated in paragraph
12.13.2,a group of fixtures, consisting of one bathroom group and a kitch-
en sink or combination fixture, may be installed without individual fix-
ture vents, in a one-story building or on the top floor of a building, pro-
vided each fixture drain connects independently to the stack and the
water closet and bathtub or shower-stall drain enters the stack at the
same level and in accordance with the requirements in table 12.9.3.
12.13.2 Overtaxed sewers.—When a sink or combination fixture
connects to the stack-vented bathroom group, and when the street sewer
is sufficiently overloaded to cause frequent submersion of the building
sewer, a relief vent or back-vented fixture shall be connected to the stack
below the stack-vented water closet or bathtub.
12:14 Individual fixture reventing.
12.14.1 Horizontal branches.—One sink and one lavatory, or three
lavatories within 8 feet developed length of a main-vented line may be
installed on a 2-inch horizontal waste branch without reventing, pro-
vided the branch is not less than 2 inches in diameter throughout its
length, and provided that the wastes are connected into the side of the
branch and the branch leads to its stack connection with a slope of not
more than one-fourth inch per foot.
12.14.2 Where required.—When fixtures other than water closets
discharge downstream from a water closet,each fixture connecting down-
stream shall be individually vented.
12.14.3 Limits of fixture units above bathtubs and water closets.-
; A fixture or combination of fixtures whose total discharge rating is not
more than three fixture units may discharge into a stack not less than 3
inches in diameter without reventing, provided such fixture connections
are made above the connection to the highest water closet, or bathtub
T-Y, the fixture-unit rating of the stack is not otherwise exceeded, and I
their waste piping is installed as otherwise required in paragraph 12.14.1.
12.15 Circuit and loop venting.
12.15.1 Battery venting.—A branch soil or waste pipe to which two
but not more than eight water closets (except blow-out type), pedestal
urinals, trap standard to floor,shower stalls,or floor(trains are connected
in battery,shall be vented by it circuit or tool) vent which shall take oft'in
front of the last fixture connection. In addition, lower-floor branches
serving more than three water closets shall he provided with it relief vent
taken off in front of the first fixture connection. When lavatories or
similar fixtures discharge above such branches, each vertical branch shall
be provided with a continuous vent.
12,15.2 Dual branches.—When parallel horizontal branches serve a '
total of eight: water closets (four on each branch), each branch shall be
provided with it relief vent at a point between the two Most distant,water
closets. When other fixtures (than water closets) discharge above the
horizontal branch, each such fixture shall be vented.
234
----------
12.15.3 Vent connections,--When the circuit, loop, or relief vent
connections are taken off the horizontal branch, the Vent branch con-
nection shall be taken off at it vertical angle or from the (oI) of the hori-
zontal branch.
12.1,5.4 Fixtures back-to-back in battery.• -When fixtures are con-
nected to one horizontal branch through it double, y or it WIllit'll-Y T in it
vertical position, It c0u)"'On vent for each t.wo fixtures back-to-back or
double connection shall be provided. The common vent shall be installed
in a vertical position its 11 continuation of the double connection,
12.16 Pilictinlatle ejectorp.
12.16.1 Relief vents from it pnellinatic ejector shall not be con-
nected to a fixture-branch vent but shall he carried Helm•ately to a main
vent or stack-vent or to the open all-,
12,17 Ilellef vents.
12.17.1 Stacks of more than 10 branch intervals.—Soil and waste
stacks in buildings having more than 10 branch intervals shall be pro-
vided with a relief vent at ellell tenth interval installed, beginning with
the top floor. Tile size of tile relief vent shall be equal to the size of the
vent stack to which it connects, 'I'll(, lower end of each relief vent shall
connect to the soil or waste stark through it y below the horizontal
branch serving tile floor and the upper end shall connect to the vent stack
through it y not less ti►lin 3 feel. above the floor level.
12.111 Offsets at all 'Ingle leas than 45* front the horizontal in
buildings of five or more stories.
12.18.1 Ofsel vents,--Offsets less than 45* from the horizontal, in
a soil or waste stack, except its permitted in chapter 11, section 11.6,
shall comply with paragraphs 12.18.2 and 12.18-3.
12,18.2 Separate venting,—.Sucli offsets may be vented as two sepa-
rate soil or waste stacks, namely, the stack section below the offset and
the stack section above the offset.
12.18.3 Offset reliefs.—Such offsets may be vented by installing a
relief vent as a vertical continuation of the lower section of the stack or
as a side vent connected to the lower section between the offset and the
next lower fixture or horizontal branch, The tipper section of the offset
shall be provided with a yoke vent. The diameter of the vents shall be
not less than the diameter of the main vent,or of the soil and waste stack,
whichever is the smaller,
12.19 Main vents to connect at base.
12.19.1 All main vents or vent stacks shall connect full size at their
base to the building drain or to the main soil or waste pipe, at or below
the lowest fixture branch. All vent pipes shall extend undiminished in
size above the roof, or shall be reconnected with the main soil or waste
vent.
12.20 Vent headers.
12,20.1 0nnections of vents.—Stack-vents and vent stacks may be
connected into a common vent header at the top of the stacks and then
extended to the open air at one point. This header shall be sized in ac-
cordance with the requirements of table 12.21.5, the number of units be-
ing the sum of all units on all stacks connected thereto and the developed
length being the longest vent length from tile intersection at the base of
the most distant stack to the vent terminal in the open air as a direct
extension of one stack.
12.21 Size and length of vents.
12.21.1 Length of vent stacks.—The length of the vent stack or main
vent shall be its developed length from the lowest connection of the vent
system with the soil stack,waste stack,or building drain to the vent stack
terminal, if it terminates separately in the open air, or to the connection
of the vent stack with the stack-vent, plus the developed length of the
stack-vent from the connection to the terminal in the open air, if the two
vents tire connected together with a single extension to the open air.
12,21.2 Size of individual vents.—The diameter of an individual
vent shall be not less than 1% inches nor less than one-half the diameter
of the drain to which it is connected.
12.21.3 Size of relief vent.—The diameter of a relief vent shall be
not less than one-half the diameter of the soil or waste branch to which
it is connected.
12.21.4 Size of circuit or loop vent.---The diameter of a circuit or
lcx)l) vent shall be not less than one-half the size of the diameter of the
II
horizontal soil or waste branch or the diameter of the vent stack, which
ever is smaller.
12,21.5 Size of vent piping.—The size of vent piping shall be de-
termined from its length and the total of fixture units connected thereto,
as provided in table 12.21.5. Twenty per cent of the total length may be
installed in a horizontal position.
TAUT, 12.21.5 Size and length of vents
Diameter of vent required(inches)
Fixture
Site of soil or units
waste stack con- 4 6 6
(inches) nected
Maximum length of vent(feet)
2 so ... ... ....... ....... ....... ....... ..
8 60 160 ....... ....... ....... ....... .......
1,4.............. 10 so 100 ...
2.�.............. 12 so 76
2 20 26 60 160 ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... .......
*.'.:*.:"'. 42 ....... so 100 '00 ...666.
...............- 10 ...I... so 100 200
3................ so 60 200 600 ....... ....... ....... .......
.......... ....... ....... 50 go 400 ....... ....... ....... .......
4 ........... 1'0'0 85 100
4................ 200 no 10 '2'6'0 '90008
4................ 600 ....... ....... 20 70 180 700 ....... ....... .......
6................ 200 ....... ....... ....... 85 80 860 1,000 ....... .......
5................ 600 80 70 800 900 ....... .I.I.1.
6 1,100 20 60 200 700 ....... .......
860 ....... ....... .. .... 26 60 200 400 1,800 .......
6................ 620 ....... ....... ....... 15 80 125 Boo 1,100 .......
6................ 960 ....... ....... ....... ....... 24 100 260 1,000 .......
6................ 1,900 ....... ....... ....... ....... 20 70 200 700 .
8................ 600 ....... ....... ....... ....... .... 60 160 500
8................ 1,400 ....... ...... ....... ....... ....... 40 100 400 1,200
8................ 2,200 ....... ....... ....... .....•. ....... 80 so 860 loloo
8 8,600 ....... ....... ....... ....I.. ....... 25 60 260 Soo
1,000 ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... 76 125 1,000
10................ 2,600 ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... 60 100 Soo
10 3,800 ....... ....... ...... ....... ....... ....... so 80 860
5.600 ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... 25 60 260
CHAPTER 14
PLUMBING INSPECTOR
2.1 There is hereby created the office of Plumbing Inspector. Said
Inspector shall be appointed by the Mayor, by and with the advice and
consent of the majority of the members elected to the city council.
2.2 All fees for plumbing inspections as provided in this Chapter
shall be collected by the Plumbing Inspector, said Ifispector to issue re-
cepts in duplicate, one to be given to the plumber paying the fee, the
other to be filed for record with the City Clerk. All fees collected shall be
paid to the City Clerk to the credit of the general revenue fund.
2.3 The Plumbing Inspector shall have had six (6) years practical
experience,but shall not be actively engaged in the plumbing business nor
associated with the operations of any plumbing firm, partnership or cor-
poration.
CHAPTER 15
BOARD OF EXAMINERS, LICENSES AND PERMITS
15.1 No person shall engage in the business of plumbing in the City
of Jefferson unless licensed as a Master Plumber under the provisions of
this code. Business of plumbing shall mean the supplying of labor and
material for plumbing work, to be done under supervision of the person
so supplying.
15.2 There is hereby.created and established a Board of Examiners
of Plumbers. The said board shall consist of three members,one of whom
shall be chairman of the Board of Health of the City of Jefferson, who
shall be ex-officio chairman of said Board of Examiners of Plumbers; one
of whom shall be a Master Plumber actually engaged in the work of
plumbing,with five (5) years practical experience;and one of whom shall
be a journeyman Plumber, actually engaged in the work of plumbing,
with five (5) years practical experience; the last two named members of
the said board shall be appointed by the Mayor of the City of Jefferson,
with the approval of the City Council, within ten (10) days after the
passage and approval of this ordinance.
15.3 The term of office and appointment shall be for a period of
one (1) year, and they shall serve without pay.
236
15.4 The board shall hold its first meeting not less than ten (10)
days following the adoption of this ordinance. 'Thereafter, the board
shall meet at such intervals is may be necessary for the proper perform-
anre of its duties, but in any case not less than twice it year. 'Three mem-
bers of the Board of Examiners, the Chairman of the Board of Health
(or an alternate chosen by the Mayor from the City Council), the Master
Plumber, and the Journeyman Plumber must be present at every exam-
ination.
15.5 The board shall establish standards and procedures in accord-
ance herewith for the qualification, examination, and licensing of Master
Plumbers and Journeyman Plumbers, and shall issue an appropriate
license to each person who meets the qualifications therefor, and success-
' fully passes the examination given by the board. Said examination shall
be in two parts:
(a.) a test of knowledge of the theory of the trade;
(b) a test of skill in the practice of the trade.
It shall be of practical and elementary character, but sufficiently strict to
test the qualifications of the applicant. The board shall keep an official
record of all of its transactions.
15.6 Any person who fails to pass an examination as prescribed by l
the board may apply for re-examination after the expiration of one hun-
dred and twenty (120) days upon payment of a regular examination fee.
15.7 The board may issue a temporary license as either Master
Plumber or Journeyman Plumber pending examination, provided the
applicant holds a similar license front a municipality having qualifications I
as strict or stricter than those herein contained. Such permit shall be
valid until the date of the next examination and no longer.
15.8 Applicants for Master Plumbers'licenses shall give satisfactory
proof of two (2) years practical experience as a licensed Journeyman
Plumber. Applicants for Journeyman Plumbers' licenses shall give sat-
isfactory proof of three (3) years practical experience as an apprentice
plumber under the supervision of a licensed Master Plumber.
15.9 Any person desiring to be licensed as a Master Plumber or as
a Journeyman Plumber shall make written application to the board for
an examination. Such application shall contain the name, business
name, address and experience of the applicant, and the type of license re-
quested, and shall be accompanied by a fee as follows: Master Plumber
License—$5.00; Journeyman Plumber License—$1.00. All fees re-
quired hereunder are not returnable.
15.10 A person who has been issued a Master Plumber's license
shall execute and deposit with the City of Jefferson a bond in the sum of
one thousand dollars ($1,000.00) with good and sufficient security ap-
proved by the Mayor, such bond to be so conditioned that all plumbing
work performed by the licensee or under his supervision shall be per-
formed in accordance with the provisions of this code and that he will pay
all fines and penalties properly imposed upon him for violation of the
V provisions of this code. A Master Plumber's license shall not be valid
unless a bond is executed, and deposited as herein provided.
15.11 All licenses issued by the board shall expire on December 31
of the year in which issued but may be renewed annually for an addi-
tional one year period upon payment of fees in the amount of five dollars
($5.00) for Master Plumbers and one dollar ($1.00) for Journeyman
Plumbers and renewal of bond as provided in section 15.10 where neces-
sary.
15.12 The Board of Health of the City of Jefferson may revoke
or suspend any license if obtained through nondisclosure, misstatement,
or misrepresentation of a material fact. Any license may be revoked by
the Board of Health upon complaint by the Plumbing Inspector. Said
r
complaint shall state with particularity the reasons for such revocation,
and a fair and impartial hearing by said Board of Health, after due notice
to the Licensee against whom complaint is made, shall be held not later
than ten (10) days after the filing of said complaint. Any person whose
license shall have been revoked as above provided shall not be permitted
I
I
i
237
to apply for it re-issuance of said license, or any other hereunder, for it
period of one year after said revocation, and then said license shall be
re-issued only after an examination as herein provided for applicants for
licenses,
15.13 No person who has obtained a plumber's license shall allow
his name to be used by another person either for the purpose of obtaining
permits, or for doing business or work under the license. Every person
licensed shall notify the board of the address of his place of business, if
any, and the name under which such business is carried on and shall give
immediate notice to the board of any change in either.
15.14 No plumbing work, unless excepted in this section, shall be
undertaken prior to the issuance of permit therefor by the Plumbing
inspector. A permit shall be issued to it licensed Master Plumber only
except as provided in Section 15.15.
15.15 Any permit required by this code may be issued to any per-
son to do any work regulated by this code in a single-family dwelling used
exclusively for living purposes, including the usual accessory buildings
and quarters in connection with such building, provided the person is the
bona fide owner of such building, and that the same will be occupied by
said owner and that said owner shall personally purchase all material and
perform all labor in connection therewith.
15.16 Application for a permit for plumbing work shall be made on
suitable forms provided by the Plumbing Inspector. The application
shall be accompanied by fees in accordance with the following schedule
of fees.
15.17
FOR Fee
Each plumbing fixture and waste-discharging device......................... $1.00
Newor reconstructed sewer connection.. .................................. 1.00
Construction or reconstruction of sewage soil absorption system or sewage filter
system... ......................................................... 1.00
Eachseptic tank......................................................... 1.00
Eachwater heater.. ..............................................1�..... 1.00
Each water-distribution system or service connection........................ 1.00
Repair or alteration of any plumbing system. . ............................. 1.00
Any permit requiring inspection, minimum fee.............................. 1.00
15.18- One Dollar ($1.00) per item shall be charged for the first
twenty-five (25) items; for each additional item over twenty-five (25)
up to and including fifty (50) items an inspection fee of seventy-five
cents ($0.75), and for each item over fifty (50) items, fifty-cents ($0.50).
15.19 No permit shall be issued until plans and specifications show-
ing the proposed work in necessary detail have been submitted to the
Plumbing Inspector and he has determined from examination of such
plans and specifications that they give assurance that the work will con-
form to the provisions of this code. If a permit is denied, the applicant
may submit revised plans and specifications without payment of addi-
tional fee. If, in the course of the work, it is found necessary to make
any change from the plans and specifications on which a permit has been
issued,amended plans and specifications shall be submitted and a supple-
mentary permit, subject to the same conditions applicable to original
application for permit, shall be issued to cover the change.
15.20 Repairs involving only the working parts of a faucet or valve,
the clearance of stoppages, repairing of leaks, or replacement of defective
faucets or valves may be made without a permit provided no changes are
made in the piping to the fixtures.
15.21 The City Council shall make such rules and regulations,in
furtherance of the purposes of this code and not inconsistent with the
specific provisions thereof, for the installation, repair,or alteration of air-
conditioning systems, water-treatment equipment, and water-operated
devices as may be deemed necessary to properly protect the water-supply
system,
15.22 It shall be the duty of the Plumbing Inspector to enforce
the provisions of this code and to make the inspections required there-
under.
15.23 The Plumbing Inspector shall prepare and carry sufficient
identification and shall exhibit same before entering any premises for the
purpose of inspecting any plumbing system at such times as may be
reasonably necessary to protect the public health.
233
CIIAPTria 16
INSPECTION
16.1 All new plumbing work, and such portions of existing systems
as may be affected by new work or any changes, shall be inspected to in-
sure compliance with all the requirements of this code and to assure that
the installation and construction of the plumbing system is in accordance
with approved plans.
16.2 It shall be the duty of the holder of a permit to give notice to
the Plumbing Inspector when plumbing work is ready for inspection.
16.3 Notices of violations shall be written and mailed or delivered
by the Plumbing Inspector to the person responsible at the time inspec-
tion was made.
16.4 Wherever the Plumbing Inspector finds defect in any plumb-
ing or drainage work done in violation of the requirements of this or any
ordinance in this city, he shall order the same to be taken out or corrected
and made to conform thereto. The Plumbing Inspector shall investigate
any cause of complaint entered at his office to the unsanitary condition of
the plumbing in or about the city,and if on such investigation, the plumb-
ing is found so, the Plumbing Inspector shall serve written notice on the
owner, agent or tenant of said premises to proceed within ten (10) days
following receipt of notice to have plumbing corrected and placed in a
sanitary condition. Any person so notified who fails to comply with the
order of the Plumbing Inspector, or neglects to file an appeal with the
Board of Health within ten (10) days as specified, or fails to comply with
the order of the Board of Health approving the action of the Plumbing
Inspector, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor. No plumbing now
in use in any building, if condemned by the Plumbing Inspector, shall be
taken out without the consent of the owner thereof, unless a majority of
the Board of Health so direct. An appeal from the decision of the Plumb-
ing Inspector may be had to the Board of Health, and the decision of a
majority thereof shall be final.
• 16.5 This ordinance shall not be construed to relieve from or lessen
the responsibility or liability of any party owning, operating, controlling
or installing any plumbing or gas piping for damage caused by any defect
therein. Nor shall the City of Jefferson, or any of its inspectors, includ-
ing its Plumbing Inspector, be held as assuming any such liability by
reason of the inspection authorized herein,or certificate of approval issued
as herein provided.
CHAPTER 17
EFFECTIVE DATE, REPEAL OF CONFLICTING
ORDINANCES, AND PENALTY
17.1 All ordinances or parts of ordinances in conflict with this or- f
dinance are hereby repealed insofar as they so conflict.
17.2 Any person convicted of any violation of any of the provisions
Of this ordinance shall be det;med guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon con-
viction shall be punished by a fine of not more than One Hundred Dollars
4 ($100.00).
17.3 This ordinance shall be in force and take effect from and after
its passage and approval.
Passed 3/2 1953 Approved 3/16 1953
Arthur W. Ellis Arthur W. Ellis
President of the ounail Nayyoor
ATTEST: Henry w. Ells,
City Clerk