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HomeMy Public PortalAbout2006-172 (09-19-06)RESOLUTION NO. 2006.172 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF LYNWOOD SUPPORTING PROPOSITIONS 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E AND PROPOSITION 84 ON THE NOVEMBER 2006 BALLOT WHEREAS, the City of Lynwood is responsible for building and maintaining infrastructure essential to building and preserving the economic and social well-being of ' ~ the residents and businesses of this City; and WHEREAS, infrastructure includes roadways, public transit systems, bike lanes, and other transportation systems, schools, affordable housing, drinking water and sewage treatment systems, parks and other amenities; and WHEREAS, the City has grown by 12,000 people over the past decade, and is projected to grow by an additional 5,000 people over the next 4 years, creating new pressures on the City to expand and improve basic infrastructure to meet the needs of all residents; and WHEREAS, the City currently maintains 90 miles of existing streets, and has adopted a capital improvement plan that estimates the cost of fulfilling this responsibility to be approximately $10 million for 5 years. There is a growing need to expand investment in streets, transit systems, bike lanes, infill and transit-oriented housing, and other improvements to meet the needs of a growing city; and WHEREAS, school population in this city has grown by 18,001 over the past decade and is expected to continuously grow, and the Lynwood School District will need funding to meet infrastructure needs; and WHEREAS, the City estimates that it needs 600 units of new housing by 2010, estimated to cost $240 million; and '~ WHEREAS, the City's drinking water and sewer systems are in need of upgrading and expansion to serve the current and growing needs of the this city, and these repairs and upgrades are estimated to cost $23 million; and WHEREAS, the City's recreational facilities are in need of upgrade and repair, estimated to cost $12 million; and the city estimates that it needs $25 million to invest in new parks and other recreational facilities to meet the needs of the City's growing population; WHEREAS, the California State. Legislature passed a $37.3 billion package of fiscal and bond measures to provide funding for housing, transportation, levee repairs and flood control projects and education facilities in May 2006; and WHEREAS, an additional bond measures to raise funds for clean water, parks and coastal protection has been placed on the ballot through the initiative process by a coalition of business, public health, local government and environmental organizations; and r„^ WHEREAS, these measures have been titled Propositions 1A, 16, 1C, 1D, 1E and 84 by the Secretary of State and will be placed on the November 2006 ballot for voter approval; and WHEREAS, Proposition 1A will close a loophole and ensure that gas tax revenue from Proposition 42, passed by voters in 2002, is only spent on transportation improvement projects, as originally intended; and the City's annual share of the Proposition 42 funds, to be used for repair and maintenance of existing streets, is estimated to be $600,000; and WHEREAS, Proposition 1 B will provide up to $20 billion on various transportation projects to rebuild California, of which $1 billion will go to cities and counties for local streets and roads improvement projects; and WHEREAS, Proposition 1 C will provide $2.8 billion for housing projects, including $1.35 billion that helps cities address housing-related infrastructure issues, consisting of $850 million in grants for development of public infrastructure projects that facilitate or support infill housing construction, $200 million for parks, and $300 million for development near public transportation; and WHEREAS, Proposition 1 D will improve Califorhia's school system by providing $10 billion for performing school building repairs and providing innovative learning facilities for Californian students, including seismic retrofitting and classroom repairs; and WHEREAS, Proposition 1 E will provide $4 billion for critical river levee repair and construction, as well as flood control projects and the updating and repair of old water mains and sewage systems; and WHEREAS, Proposition 84 would provide $5.4 billion for improving natural resources and water programs including state projects and grants for flood control, safe drinking water, improving water quality, integrated water management, water planning, sustainable communities; and WHEREAS, the League of California Cities is in strong support of Propositions 1A - 1E and 84, and views this package of measures as being providing critically needed resources for California cities. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF LYNWOOD that the City hereby expresses its strong support for Propositions 1A, 1 B, 1 C, 1 D, 1 E and 84 which will be presented for voter approval on the November 2006 statewide ballot. Section 1. That this resolution shall go into effect immediately upon adoption. Section 2. That the City Clerk is hereby directed to send a copy of this resolution to the Executive Director of the League of California Cities. ADOPTED this 19~h day of September, 2006. ATTEST: ANDREA L. HOOPER, CITY CLERK APPROVED AS TO FORM: Gz-~~.~~~~_ . ARNOLDO BELTRAN, ITY ATTORNEY LETICIA VASOU AY NR U R I CITY ANAGER PPROVED TO CONTENT: C- AUTRA C. ADAMS, ASSISTANT TO THE CITY MANAGER '~. STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) SS. COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES ) I, the undersigned, City Clerk of the City of Lynwood, do hereby certify that the r^ foregoing Resolution was passed and adopted by the City Council of the City of Lynwood at a regular meeting held on the 19th day of SEPTEMBER , 2006. AYES: COUNCILMEMBERS, BYRD, JOHNSON, PEDROZA, SANTILLAN, AND VASQUEZ NOES: NONE ABSENT: NONE ABSTAIN: NONE (s,~u~, off, ,~ Andrea. L. Hooper, City C erk STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) SS. r- .COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES ) I, the undersigned, City Clerk of the City of Lynwood, and the Clerk of the City Council of said City, do hereby certify that the above foregoing is a full, true and correct copy of Resolution No. 2006.172 on file in my office and that said Resolution was adopted on the date and by the vote therein stated. Dated this 19th day of SEPTEMBER , 2006. Andrea L. Hooper, City Clerk Legislative Analyst's Office 7/20/06 10:00 AM FINAL Proposition IA Transportation Funding Protection. Legislative Constitutional Amendment. Background California spends about $20 billion a year to maintain, operate, and improve its highways, streets and roads, passenger rail, and transit systems. About one-half of the funding comes from various local sources, including local sales and property taxes, as well as transit fares. The remainder comes from the state and federal levels, largely from gasoline and diesel fuel taxes, and truck weight fees. Currently, the state levies two types of taxes on motor fuels: • An excise tax of 18 cents per gallon on gasoline and diesel fuel. (This is generally referred to as the gas tax.) • A statewide 6 percent tax on the sale of gasoline and diesel fuel ("sales tax'). Gas Tax. Revenues from the state excise tax on gasoline and diesel fuel used on public roads total about $3.4 billion per year. The State Constitution restricts the use of these revenues to specific transportation purposes. These include constructing, maintaining, and operating public streets and highways, acquiring right of way and constructing public transit systems, as well as mitigating the environmental effects of these facilities. Sales Tax. The state's sales tax on gasoline and diesel fuel currently provides about $2 billion a year. Unti12002, most of the revenues from the state sales tax on gasoline were not used for transportation purposes. Instead, these revenues were used for various general purposes including education, health, social services, and corrections. Proposition 42, which was approved by voters in 2002, amended the State Constitution to dedicate most of the revenue from the sales tax on gasoline to transportation uses. Specifically, Proposition 42 requires those revenues that previously went to the General Fund be transferred to the Transportation Investment Fund to provide for improvements to highways, streets and roads, and transit systems. Proposition 42, however, allows the transfer to be suspended when the state faces fiscal difficulties. Proposition 42 is silent as to whether suspended transfer amounts are to be repaid to transportation. Since 2002, the state has suspended the Proposition 42 transfer twice because of the state's fiscal condition. In 2003-04, the transfer was suspended partially, and in 2004-05, the full amount of the transfer was suspended. Existing law requires that these suspended amounts, with interest, be repaid to transportation by 2008-09 and 2007-08, respectively. Page 1 of 2 Legislative Analyst's Office 7/20/06 10:00 AM FINAL Proposal 'This measure amends the State Constitution to further limit the conditions under which the Proposition 42 transfer of gasoline sales tax revenues for transportation uses can be suspended. Specifically, the measure requires Proposition 42 suspensions to be treated as loans to the General Fund that must be repaid in full, including interest, within three years of suspension. Furthermore, the measure only allows suspension to occur twice in ten consecutive fiscal years. No suspension could occur unless prior suspensions (excluding those made prior to 2007-OS) have been repaid in full. In addition, the measure lays out a new schedule to repay the Proposition 42 suspensions that occurred in 2003-04 and 2004-05. Specifically, the suspended amounts must be repaid and dedicated to transportation uses no later than June 30, 2016, at a specified minimum annual rate of repayment. Fiscal Effects This measure would have no direct revenue or cost effect. By limiting the frequency and the conditions under which Proposition 42 transfers maybe suspended in a ten- year period, the measure would make it more difficult to use Proposition 42 gasoline sales tax revenues for nontransportation purposes when the state experiences fiscal difficulties. As a result, the measure would increase the stability of funding to state and local transportation in 2007 and thereafter. However, the state's authority to direct i available funds to meet other nontransportation priorities in the event the state faces II~JI fiscal difficulties would be somewhat reduced. .-. 1.~J Page 2 of 2 Legislative Analyst's Office 7/20/06 10:00 AM (~,I FINAL IL Proposition 1 B The Highway Safety, Traffic Reduction, Air Quality, and Port Security Bond Act of 2006 Background California spends about $20 billion a year from a combination of state, federal, and local funds to maintain, operate, and improve its highways, streets and roads, passenger rail, and transit systems. These expenditures are primarily funded on a pay- as-you-go basis from taxes and user fees. There are two primary state tax sources that fund state transportation programs. First, the state's 18 cent per gallon excise tax on gasoline and diesel fuel (generally referred to as the gas tax) generates about $3.4 billion annually. Second, revenues from the state sales tax on gasoline and diesel fuel currently provide about $2 billion a year. Additionally, the state imposes weight fees on commercial vehicles (trucks), which generate roughly $900 million a year. Generally, these revenues must be used for specific transportation purposes, including improvements to highways, streets and roads, passenger rail, and transit systems. These funds may also be used to mitigate the environmental impacts of various transportation projects. Under specified conditions, these revenues maybe loaned or used for nontransportation uses. Since 1990, voters have approved roughly $5 billion in state general obligation bonds to fund transportation. These bond proceeds have been dedicated primarily to passenger rail and transit improvements, as well as to retrofit highways and bridges for earthquake safety. As of June 2006, all but about $355 million of the authorized bonds have been spent on projects. In addition to state funds, California's transportation system receives federal and local money. The state receives about $4.5 billion a year in federal gasoline and diesel fuel tax revenues for various transportation purposes. Collectively, local governments invest roughly $9.5 billion annually into California's highways, streets and roads, passenger rail, and transit systems. This funding comes mainly from a mix of local sales and property taxes, as well as transit fares. Local governments have also issued bonds backed mainly by local sales tax revenues to fund transportation projects. Proposal This measure authorizes the state to sell about $20 billion of general obligation bonds to fund transportation projects to relieve congestion, improve the movement of goods, improve air quality, and enhance the safety and security of the transportation system. (See "An Overview of State Bond Debt" for basic information on state general obligation bonds.) Page 1 of 3 Legislative Analyst's Office 7/20/06 10:00 AM PINAL Figure 1 summarizes the purposes for which the bond money would be used. The bond money would be available for expenditure by various state agencies and for grants to local agencies and transit operators upon appropriation by the Legislature: • Congestion Reduction, Highway and Local Road Improvements- $11.3 billion-for capital improvements to reduce congestion and increase capacity on state highways, local roads, and public transit for grants available to locally funded transportation projects, as well as for projects to rehabilitate state highways and local roads. • Public Transportation-$4 billion-to make capital improvements to local transit services and the state's intercity rail service. These improvements would include purchasing buses and rail cars, as well as making safety enhancements to existing transit facilities. • Goods Movement and Air Quality-$3.2 billion-for projects to improve the movement of goods-through the ports, on the state. highway and rail systems, and between California and Mexico-and for projects to improve air quality by reducing emissions related to goods movement and replacing or retrofitting school buses. • Safety and Security-$1.5 billion-for projects to increase protection against a security threat or improve disaster response capabilities on transit systems; as well as for grants to improve the safety of rail crossings to seismically retrofit local bridges, ramps, and overpasses; and to improve security and disaster planning in publicly owned ports, harbors, and ferry terminals. Page 2 of 3 Legislative Analyst's Office 7/20/06 10:00 AM FINAL Figure 1 Proposition 1 B Uses of Bond Funds Amounts (In Millions) .Congestion Reduction,. Highway and Local Road Irnprovements' $71,250 Reduce congestion on state highways and major access routes $4,500 Increase highways, roads, and transit capacity 2,000 Improve local roads 2,000 Enhance State Route 99 capacity, safety, and operations 1,000 Provide grants for locally funded transportation projects 1,000 Rehabilitate and improve operation of state highways and local roads 750 Public Transportation ~ - $4,000 . Improve local rail and transit services, including purchasing vehicles $3,600 and right of way Improve intercity rail, including purchasing railcars and locomotives 400 Goods Movement and Air t]uality S3,200 Improve movement of goods on state highways and rail system, and $2,000 in ports Reduce emissions from goods movement activities 1,000 Retrofit and replace school buses 200 Safety and Security ~ - $7,475 Improve security and facilitate disaster response of transit systems $1,000 Provide grants to improve railroad crossing safety 250 Provide grants to seismically retrofit local bridges and overpasses 125 Provide grants to improve security and disaster planning in publicly 100 owned ports, harbors, and ferry facilities Fiscal Effects Bond Costs. The costs of these bonds would depend on interest rates in effect at the time they are sold and the time period over which they are repaid. The state would likely make principal and interest payments from the state's General Fund over a period of about 30 years. If the bonds are sold at an average interest rate of 5 percent, the cost would be about $38.9 billion to pay off both the principal ($19.9 billion) and interest ($19.0 billion). The average repayment for principal and interest would be about $1.3 billion per year. Operational Costs. The state and local governments that construct or improve transportation infrastructure with these bond funds (by, for example, building roads and bridges or purchasing buses or railcars) will incur unknown additional costs to operate and maintain them. A portion of these costs would be offset by revenues generated by the improvements, such as transit fares and tolls. Page 3 of 3 Legislative Analyst's Office 7/20/2006 3:00 PM FINAL Proposition iC Housing and Emergency Shelter Trust Fund Act of 2006 Background About 200,000 houses and apartments are built in California each year. Most of these housing units are built entirely with private dollars. Some units, however, receive subsidies from federal, state, and local governments. For instance, the state provides low-interest loans or grants to developers (private, nonprofit, and governmental) to subsidize housing construction costs. Typically, the housing must be sold or rented to Californians with low incomes. Other state programs provide homebuyers with direct financial assistance to help with the costs of a downpayment. While the state provides financial assistance through these programs, cities and counties are responsible for the zoning and approval of new housing. In addition, cities, counties, and other local governments are responsible for providing infrastructure- related services to new housing-such as water, sewer, roads, and parks. In 2002, voters approved Proposition 46, which provided a total of $2.1 billion of general obligation bonds to fund state housing programs. We estimate that about ^~ $350 million of the Proposition 46 funds will be unspent as of November 1, 2006. Proposal This measure authorizes the state to sell $2.85 billion of general obligation bonds to fund 13 new and existing housing and development programs. (See "An Overview of State Bond Debt" for basic information on state general obligation bonds.) Figure 1 describes the programs and the amount of funding that each would receive under the measure. About one-half of the funds would go to existing state housing programs. The development programs, however, are new-with details to be established by the Legislature. The major allocations of the bond proceeds are as follows: Development Programs ($1.35 Billion). The measure would fund three new programs aimed at increasing development. Most of the funds would be targeted for development projects in existing urban areas and near public transportation. The programs would provide loans and grants for a wide variety of projects, such as parks, water, sewage, transportation, and housing. Homeownership Programs ($625 Million). A number of the programs funded by this measure would encourage homeownership for low- and moderate- income homebuyers. The funds would be used to provide downpayment assistance to homebuyers through low-interest loans or grants. Typically, eligibility for this assistance would be based on the household's income, the Page 1 of 4 Legislative Analyst's Office 7/20/2006 3:00 PM FINAL ~ 1 Multifamily Housing Programs ($590 Million). The measure also would fund programs aimed at the construction or renovation of rental housing projects, such as apartment buildings. These programs generally provide local governments, nonprofit organizations, and private developers with low-interest (3 percent) loans to fund part of the construction cost, hi exchange, a project must reserve a portion of its units for low-income households for a period of 55 years. This measure gives funding priority to projects in already developed areas and near existing public services (such as public transportation). Other Housing Programs ($285 Million). These funds would be used to provide loans and grants to the developers of homeless shelters and housing for farmworkers. In addition, funds would be allocated to pilot projects aimed at reducing the costs of affordable housing. cost of the home being purchased, and whether it is the household's first home purchase. ~I Page 2 of 4 Legislative Analyst's Office 7/20/2006 3:00 PM FINAL ~I Figure 1 Proposition 1 C Uses of Bond Funds Amount Qn Millions) ' DevelopmeritPrograms Development in Grants for various projects-includingparks, $850 urban areass water, sewer, transportation, and environmental cleanup-to facilitate urban "infill" development. Development near Grants and loans to local governments and 300 public developers to encourage more dense transportations development near public transportation. Parksa Grant funding for parks throughout the state. 200 $1,350 _Homeownership Programs . Low-income Variety of homeownership programs for low- $290 households income households. Downpayment Deferred low-interest loans up to 6 percent of 200 assistance home purchase price for first-time low- or moderate-income homebuyers. Local governments Grants to local governments which reduce 125 barriers to affordable housing. Funds would be used for homebuyer assistance. Self-help Grants to organizations which assist low- or 10 construction moderate-income households in building or renovating their own homes. $625 Multifamily Housing Programs Multifamily housing Low-interest loans for housing developments $345 for low-income renters. Supportive housing Low-interest loans for housing projects which 195 also provide health and social services to low- income renters. Homeless youth Low-interest loans for housing projects which 50 provide housing for homeless young people. $590 Other Housing Programs. Farmworker Low-interest loansandgrants for developing $135 housing housing for farmworkers. Pilot programse Grants and loans for pilot projects to develop 100 housing at reduced costs. Homeless shelters Grants for developing homeless shelters. 50 Page 3 of 4 Legislative Analyst's Office 7/20/2006 3:00 PM FINAL $285 a New program. The funds would be allocated over a number of years. The measure provides the Legislature broad authority to make future changes to these programs to ensure their effectiveness. Fiscal Effect Bond Costs. The cost to pay off these bonds would depend primarily on the following two factors. Payment Period. The state would likely make principal and interest payments on the bonds from the state's General Fund over a period of about 30 years. Interest Rate. Usually, the interest on bonds issued is exempt from both state and federal taxes because the bonds are for public purposes. This results in lower debt service payments for the state. Some programs proposed by this measure, however, would not be eligible for the federal tax exemption- resulting in a higher interest rate. This is because the housing programs provide funds for private purposes. (We estimate this would be the case for about 60 percent of the bonds.) If the federally taxable bonds were sold at an average rate of 6.5 percent and the remaining bonds at an average rate of 5 percent, the cost to the state would be about $6.1 billion to pay off both the principal ($2.85 billion) and the interest ($3.3 billion). The average payment would be about $204 million each year. Administrative Costs. The Department of Housing and Community Development and the California Housing Finance Agency would experience increased costs to administer the various housing and urban development programs. A portion of the programs' allocations-probably between $100 million and $150 million of the total bond funds-would be used to pay these administrative costs over time. Page 4 of 4 I I Legislative Analyst's Office 7/24/2006 2:40 PM FINAL Proposition 1D Kindergarten-University Public Education Facilities Bond Act of 2006 Background Public education in Califomia consists of two systems. One system includes about 1,000 local school districts that provide education from kindergarten through grade 12 (K-12") to about 6.3 million students. The other system (commonly referred to as "higher education") includes the California Community Colleges (CCC), the California State University (CSU), and the University of California (UC). These three higher education segments provide education beyond grade 12 to a total of about 2.1 million students. K-12 School Facilities Through the School Facility Program (SFP), K-12 school districts apply for funding to buy land, construct new buildings, and modernize (that is, renovate) existing buildings. A school district's allocation is based on a formula. The formula considers the number of students a district expects to enroll that cannot be served in existing facility space. The SFP requires the state and school districts to share the cost of facilities. For new construction projects, the cost is shared equally by the state and school districts. For modernization projects, the state pays 60 percent and school districts pay 40 percent of the cost. If a school district faces unusual circumstances, however, it may apply for "hardship" funding from the state to offset its local share of costs. Major Funding Sources. As described below, funding for school facilities comes mostly from state and local general obligation bonds. (See "An Overview of State Bond Debt" for more information on these bonds.) • State General Obligation Bonds. The state has funded the SFP by issuing general obligation bonds. Over the past decade, voters have approved a total of $28.1 billion in state bonds for K-12 school facilities. Approximately $3 billion of these funds remain available for new construction projects. • Local General Obligation Bonds: At the local level, school districts typically meet most of their matching requirement and other construction needs by issuing local general obligation bonds. These local bonds can be authorized with the approval of 55 percent of the voters in the district. The bonds are repaid using local property tax revenue. Over the past ten years, school districts have received voter approval to issue more than $41 billion in local facility bonds. Although school facilities currently are funded mostly from state and local general obligation bonds, school districts also receive funds from: Page 1 of 5 Legislative Analyst's Office 7/24/2006 2:40 PM FINAL Developer Fees. State law allows school districts to impose developer fees on new construction. These fees are levied on new residential, commercial, and industrial developments. Although they contribute a moderate amount statewide compared to general obligation bond proceeds, developer fees vary significantly by community depending on the amount of local development. In fast-growing areas, they can make notable contributions to K-12 school construction. Special Local Bonds (Known as "Mello-Roos" Bonds). School districts also may form special districts to sell bonds for school construction projects. (A special district generally does not encompass the entire school district.) The bonds, which require two-thirds voter approval, are paid off by property owners located within the special district. Over the past decade, Mello-Roos bonds have provided school districts with a total of $3.7 billion in facility funding. Higher Education Facilities California's system of public higher education includes 142 campuses in the three segments listed below: • The CCCs provide instruction to about 1.5 million students at 109 campuses operated by 721ocally governed districts throughout the state. The community colleges grant associate degrees, offer a variety of technical career courses, and provide general education coursework that is transferable to four-year universities. • The CSU has 23 campuses, with an enrollment of about 420,000 students. The system grants bachelor degrees, master degrees, and a small number of specified doctoral degrees. • The UC has nine general campuses, one health sciences campus, and various affiliated institutions, with total enrollment of about 210,000 students. This system offers bachelor, master, and doctoral degrees, and is the primary state- supported agency for conducting research. Over the past decade, the voters have approved $6.5 billion in state general obligation bonds for capital improvements at public higher education campuses. Virtually all of these funds have been committed to specific projects. The state also has provided about $1.6 billion in lease revenue bonds (authorized by the Legislature) for this same purpose. In addition to these state bonds, the higher education segments have three other sources of funding for capital projects. • Local General Obligation Bonds. Like K-12 school districts, community -~ college districts are authorized to sell general obligation bonds to finance Page 2 of 5 Legislative Analyst's Office 7/24/2006 2:40 PM FINAL 1_ construction projects with the approval of 55 percent of the voters in the district. Over the past decade, community college districts have received voter approval to issue more than $15 billion in local facility bonds. • Gifts and Grants. In recent years, CSU and UC together have received more than $100 million annually in gifts and grants for construction of facilities. • UC Research Revenue. The UC finances the construction of some new research facilities by selling bonds and pledging future research revenue for their repayment. Currently, UC uses about $130 million a year of research revenue to pay off these bonds. Proposal This measure allows the state to sell $10.4 billion of general obligation bonds for K-12 school facilities ($7.3 billion) and higher education facilities ($3.1 billion). Figure 1 Proposition 1 D Uses of Bond Funds Amount K42 ~ (In Millions) Modernization projects $3,300a New construction projects t gppa,b Severely overcrowded schools 1,000 Charter schools facilities 500 Career technical facilities 500 Environment-friendly projects 700 Joint-use projects P9 Subtotal, K-12 ($7 329) Higher Education Community Colleges $1,507 University of California ggOc California State University 690 Subtotal, Higher Education ($3,087) r a A total of up to $200 million is available from these two amounts combined as incentive funding to promote the creation of small high schools. 6 Up to $200 million is available for earthquake-related retrofitting. o $200 million is available for medical education programs. K-12 School Facilities As shown in Figure 1, the $7.3 billion for K-12 school facilities is designated for seven types of projects. The underlying requirements and funding formulas for four of these project types (modernization, new construction, charter school facilities, and joint- Page 3 of 5 . ' Legislative Analyst's Office 7/24/2006 2:40 PM FINAL use projects) would be based on the existing SFP. The other three types of projects (overcrowded schools, career technical facilities, and environment-friendly projects) would be new components of the SFP. Modernization ($3.3 Billion). These monies would be for the modernization of existing school facilities. School districts would be required to pay 40 percent of project costs (unless they qualify for state hardship funding). New Construction ($1.9 Billion). These monies would cover various costs associated with building new facilities, including site acquisition, project design, engineering, construction, and inspection. Up to $200 million of the $1.9 billion would be available to retrofit facilities likely to be unsafe during an earthquake. Districts would be required to pay 50 percent of new construction and earthquake-safety projects (unless they qualify for state hardship funding). Relief Grants for Overcrowded Schools ($1 Billion). As a condition of receiving one of these grants, school districts would be required to replace portable classrooms with newly constructed permanent classrooms, remove portable classrooms from overcrowded school sites, and reduce the total number of portable classrooms within the district. As with other new construction projects, districts would be required to pay 50 percent of project costs. Under the program definition of overcrowded, roughly 1,800 schools (or 20 percent of all-schools) would be eligible for funding. Career Technical Education Facilities ($500 Million). The measure also funds a new facility program designed to enhance educational opportunities for students interested in technical careers. Grants would be provided to high schools and local agencies that have career technical programs. The grants would be allocated on a per square foot basis, with a maximum of $3 million for each new construction project and $1.5 million for each modernization project. For both types of grants, the required local contribution would be 50 percent of project costs. Given the program's requirements, approximately 500 school districts (or one-half of all districts) would be eligible for new construction and modernization grants. Ixi addition, about 251oca1 agencies would be eligible for modernization grants. Charter School Facilities ($500 Million). These monies would be for new construction and modernization of charter school facilities. (Charter schools are public schools that are exempt from certain state requirements in exchange for adhering to a local- or state-approved charter.) A 50 percent local contribution would be required. Environment-Friendly Projects ($100 Million). These monies would be provided as special incentive grants to promote certain types of environment-friendly facilities. For example, districts could receive grant funding if their facilities included designs and materials that promoted the efficient use of energy and water, the maximum use of natural lighting, the use of recycled materials, or the use of acoustics conducive to teaching and learning. The same local contributions would be required as for other new construction and modernization projects. Page 4 of 5 Legislative Analyst's Office 7/24/2006 2:40 PM r-- FINAL ~__ Joint-Use Projects ($29 Million). These monies would be available for both constructing new facilities and reconfiguring existing facilities for ajoint-use purpose. Joint-use projects include gymnasiums, libraries, child care facilities, and teacher preparation facilities that are located at a school but used for joint school/community or K-12/higher education purposes. Under such arrangements, the school district and joint-use partner share the 50 percent local matching requirement. Higher Education Facilities The measure includes $3.1 billion to construct new buildings and related infrastructure, alter existing buildings, and purchase equipment for use in these buildings for the state higher education segments. As Figure 1 shows, the measure allocates $1.5 billion to CCC, $890 million to UC, and $690 million to CSU. The Governor and Legislature would select the specific projects to be funded by the bond monies. Fiscal Effects The costs of these bonds would depend on interest rates in effect at the time they are sold and the time period over which they are repaid. The state would likely make principal and interest payments from the state's General Fund over a period of about 30 years. If the bonds were sold at an average interest rate of 5 percent, the cost would be about $20.3 billion to pay off both principal ($10.4 billion) and interest ($9.9 billion). ~ The average payment would be about $680 million per year. Page 5 of 5 Legislative Analyst's Office 7/20/06 10:00 AM FINAL Proposition 1 E Disaster Preparedness and Flood Prevention Bond Act of 2006 Background State Role. Multiple agencies at each level of government (state, federal, and local) have some responsibilities for flood management. In addition, private entities own and operate some flood control facilities. The state carries out a number of programs designed to provide flood management. Some of these programs are operated directly by the state, while others provide grants to local agencies for similar purposes. The state is primarily responsible for flood control in the Central Valley. As shown in Figure 1, the state Central Valley flood control system includes about 1,600 miles of levees, as well as other flood control infrastructure such as overflow weirs and channels. The state directly funds the construction and repair of flood management structures such as levees, typically with a federal and local cost share. For approximately 80 percent of the levees in the Central Valley flood control system, the r"", state has turned over the operations and maintenance to local governments (primarily local flood control districts), although the state retains ultimate responsibility for these levees and the system as a whole. 7'1 i' Page 1 of 5 Legislative Analyst's Office 7/20/06 10:00 AM FINAL Figure 1 Central Valley Flood Control System Sacramento ~ Chico River - Feather River uba City `- Yolo Bypass- ~ $acramento Rio Vista • - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - •Stockton San Joaquin River Los Banos • = Levee River Mendota ~ Not to Scale Outside the Central Valley system, the state's role in flood management generally consists of providing financial assistance to local governments for flood control projects located throughout the state. For example, the state has provided funding for the Santa Ana River Mainstem flood control project that spans Orange, Riverside, and San ~ _,r Page 2 of 5 Bernardino Counties. In the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta region (Delta), as Legislative Analyst's Office 7/20/06 10:00 AM FINAL another example, the state has no oversight role with respect to local levee construction or maintenance (a majority of Delta levees-about 700 miles-are located outside the state system). Because a significant portion of the state's population depends on water supplies that come through the Delta, there is a state interest in the continued operation of the Delta levee system. Given this, the state has provided financial assistance over many years to local flood control districts in the Delta region to rehabilitate and maintain levees. Funding. In general, state flood management programs have been funded from the General Fund, with some use of bond funds. Since 1996, the voters have authorized a number of state general obligation bonds, of which about $400 million has been allocated specifically for flood management purposes. Most of these bond funds for flood management have already been spent. State funding levels for flood management have varied substantially on a year-to- yearbasis, largely depending on the availability of General Fund and bond monies for this purpose. For example, since 2000-O1, annual state funding for flood management has varied from a low of about $60 million (2002-03) to a high of about $270 million (2000-O1). hi addition to state flood management programs, local governments, including flood control districts and other public water agencies, operate their own flood management programs and projects. Funding for these local programs comes from various sources, including property assessments and, in some cases, financial assistance from the state. A law passed earlier this year provides $500 million from the General Fund for emergency levee repairs and other flood management-related costs. The Department of Water Resources (DWR) has made rough estimates of the cost to repair and upgrade the Central Valley flood control system and levees in the Delta of between $7 billion and $12 billion. Proposal This measure authorizes the state to sell about $4.1 billion in general obligation bonds for various flood management programs. (See "An Overview of State Bond Debt" for basic information on state general obligation bonds.) Figure 2 summarizes the purposes for which the bond money would be available to be spent by DWR and for grants to local agencies. In order to spend these bond funds, the measure requires the Legislature to appropriate them in the annual budget act or another law. Page 3 of 5 Legislative Analyst's Office 7/20/06 10:00 AM FINAL Figure 2 Proposition 1 E Uses of Bond Funds Amounts Qn Millions) State Central Valley flood control system repairs and improvements; $3,000 Delta levee repairs and maintenance. Flood control subventions (local projects outside the Central Valley). 500 Stormwater flood management (grants for projects outside the. 300 Central Valley). Flood protection corridors and bypasses; floodplain mapping. 290 Total $4,090 Specifically, the bond includes about $4.1 billion for various flood management activities, allocated as follows: • State Central Valley Flood Control System and Delta Levees-$3 Billion. To evaluate, repair, and restore existing levees in the state's Central Valley flood control system; to improve or add facilities in order to increase flood j -1 protection for urban areas in the state's Central Valley flood control system; ~JI and to reduce the risk of levee failure in the Delta region through grants to local agencies and direct spending by the state. • Flood Control Subventions-$500 Million. To provide funds to local governments for the state's share of costs for locally sponsored, federally authorized flood control projects outside the Central Valley system. • Stormwater Flood Management-$300 Million. For grants to local agencies outside of the Central Valley system for projects to manage Stormwater. • Statewide Flood Protection Corridors and Bypasses-$290 Million. To protect, create, and enhance flood protection corridors, including flood control bypasses and setback levees; as well as for floodplain mapping. Fiscal Effects Bond Costs. The costs of these bonds would depend on interest rates in effect at the time they are sold and the time period over which they are repaid. The state would likely make principal and interest payments from the state's General Fund over a period of about 30 years. If the bonds were sold at an average interest rate of 5 percent, the cost would be about $8 billion to pay off both the principal ($4.1 billion) and interest ($3.9 billion). The average payment would be about $266 million per year. --~ Page 4 of 5 Legislative Analyst's Office 7/20/06 10:00 AM ~~ FINAL Property Tax-Related Impacts. The measure provides funds for land acquisition by the state for flood management, including the development of bypasses and setback levees. Under state law, property owned by government entities is exempt from property taxation. To the extent that this measure results in property being exempted from taxation due to acquisitions by govemments, local governments would receive reduced property tax revenues. Because the measure does not specify what portion of the bond funds will be used for acquisitions, the impact on local property tax revenues statewide is unknown, but is potentially up to several million dollars annually. Operational Costs. To the extent that bond funds are used by state and local governments to purchase property or develop a new flood control project, these governments would incur unknown additional costs to operate or maintain the properties or projects. Page 5 of 5 Legislative Analyst's Office 7/20/2006 10:00 AM FINAL Proposition 84 Water Quality, Safety and Supply. Flood Control. Natural Resource Protection. Park Improvements. Bonds. Initiative Statute. Background State Spending on Resources Programs. The state operates a variety of programs to conserve natural resources, protect the environment, provide flood control, and offer recreational opportunities for the public. The state also operates a program to plan for future water supplies, flood control, and other water-related requirements of a growing population. In addition to direct state expenditures, the state also provides grants and loans to local governments and nonprofit organizations for similar purposes. These programs support a variety of specific purposes, including: • Natural Resource Conservation. The state has provided funds to purchase, protect, and improve natural areas-including wilderness and open-space areas; wildlife habitat; coastal wetlands; forests; and rivers, lakes, streams, and their watersheds. ("' • Safe Drinking Water. The state has made loans and grants to public water systems for facility improvements to meet state and federal safe drinking water standards. • Flood Control. The state has funded the construction and repair of flood control projects in the state Central Valley flood control system. The state has also provided financial assistance to local agencies for local flood control projects in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta and in other areas outside the Central Valley. • Other Water Quality and Water Supply Projects. The state has made available funds for various other projects throughout the state that improve water quality and/or the reliability of water supplies. For example, the state has provided loans and grants to local agencies for the construction and implementation of wastewater treatment, water conservation, and water pollution reduction projects. • State and Local Parks. The state operates the state park system, and has provided funds to local governments for the acquisition, maintenance, and operation of local and regional parks. Funding for Resources Programs. Funding for these various programs has traditionally come from General Fund revenues, federal funds, and general obligation bonds. Since 1996, voters have authorized approximately $11 billion in general obligation bonds for various resources purposes. Of this amount, approximately Page 1 of 4 Legislative Analyst's Office 7/20/2006 10:00 AM FINAL -; $1.4 billion is projected to remain available for new projects as of June 30, 2006, ~- primarily for water-related purposes. Legislation enacted earlier this year provides $500 million from the General Fund for emergency levee repairs and other flood control-related expenditures. Proposal This initiative allows the state to sell $5.4 billion in general obligation bonds for safe drinking water, water quality, and water supply; flood control; natural resource protection; and park improvements. (See "An Overview of State Bond Debt" for basic information on state general obligation bonds.) Figure 1 summarizes the purposes for which the bond money would be available for expenditure by various state agencies and for loans and grants, primarily to local agencies and nonprofit organizations. In order to spend most of these bond funds, the measure requires the Legislature to appropriate them in the annual budget act or other legislation. +I-~ I~ Page 2 of 4 Legislative Analyst's Office 7/20/2006 10:00 AM FINAL Figure 1 Proposition 84 Uses of Bond Funds Amounts (In Millions) WaterQualit ~ $1,525-." • Integrated regiona! water management. 1,000 • Safe drinking water. 380 • Delta and a riculture water ualit . 145 Protectortof Rivers, Lakes; and Streams':.. ~ $928 • Regional conservancies. 279 • Other projects-public access, river parkways, urban stream 189 restoration, California Conservation Corps. • Delta and coastal fisheries restoration. 180 . Restoration of the San Joaquin River. 100 • Restoration projects related to the Colorado River. 90 • Stormwater ollution revention. 90 Flood-Control " ~'` ;$800 ~" • State flood control projects-evaluation, system improvements, 315 flood corridor program. • Flood control projects in the Delta. 275 • Local flood control subventions (outside the Central Valley flood 180 control system). . Flood lain ma in and assistance for local land use tannin 30 Sustainable Communities and~Climate,Chan a Reduction ~ ~ $580 • Local and regional parks. 400 • Urban water and energy conservation projects. 90 .Incentives for conservation in local tannin 90 Protection of Beaches, Ba s; and Coastal Waters ~~ '? ',`"'$540 ,.. • Protection of various coastal areas and watersheds. 360 • Clean Beaches Program. 90 • California Ocean Protection Trust Fund-marine resources, 90 sustainable fisheries, and marine wildlife conservation. Parks~and Natural Etlucation Facilities- - •- . ~^$SOO~s • State park system-acquisition, development, and restoration. 400 • Nature education and research facilities. 100 Forest and Wildlife Conservation ~~$450 .Wildlife habitat protection. 225 • Forest conservation. 180 • Protection of ranches, farms, and oak woodlands. 45 Statewide WaterPlannin ~ - - '$65 - •Planning for future water needs, water conveyance systems, and 65 flood control ro'ects. I~ Page 3 of 4 Fiscal Effects Legislative Analyst's Office 7/20/2006 10:00 AM FINAL Bond Costs. The cost of these bonds would depend on interest rates in effect at the time they are sold and the time period over which they are repaid. The state would likely make principal and interest payments from the state's General Fund over a period of about 30 years. If the bonds were sold at an average interest rate of 5 percent, the cost would be about $10.5 billion to pay off both the principal ($5.4 billion) and interest ($5.1 billion). The average payment would be about $350 million per year. Property Tax-Related Impacts. The initiative provides funds for land acquisition by governments and nonprofit organizations for various purposes. Under state law, property owned by government entities and by nonprofit organizations (under specified conditions) is exempt from property taxation. To the extent that this initiative results in property being exempted from taxation due to acquisitions by governments and nonprofit organizations, local governments would receive reduced property tax revenues. We estimate these reduced property tax revenues would be several million dollars annually. Operational Costs. State and local governments may incur additional costs to operate or maintain the properties or projects, such as new park facilities, that are purchased or developed with these bond funds. The amount of these potential additional costs is unknown, but could be tens of millions of dollars per year. i~ Page 4 of 4