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HomeMy Public PortalAbout2017-05-11 St Marys TIF Final Jefferson City MO But For St. Mary’s Hospital Project City of Jefferson, Missouri But-For Determination Report May 11, 2017 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................... 1  2 PURPOSE .......................................................................................... 3  3 THE PROJECT.................................................................................... 5  4 ASSISTANCE REQUEST .................................................................... 12  5 RETURN ANALYSIS .......................................................................... 14  6 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................ 18    Mission Statement Springsted provides high quality, independent financial and management advisory services to public and non-profit organizations, and works with them in the long-term process of building their communities on a fiscally sound and well-managed basis. Table of Contents Executive Summary 1 City of Jefferson, Missouri. St. Mary’s Hospital Project: But for Determination 1. Executive Summary The City of Jefferson has retained Springsted to review the proposed St. Mary’s Hospital Tax Increment Financing Plan to determine if either of the proposed development scenarios would reasonably be anticipated to be developed without adoption of the requested financial assistance. The TIF plan contemplates two potential redevelopment scenarios for the former St. Mary’s Hospital. The Lincoln Project contemplates redevelopment of the site to include a satellite location for Lincoln University in addition to office building space and stand- alone retail pad buildings. The Commercial Project contemplates the project without the classroom component and is based on the project being developed to include office space and stand-alone retail pad buildings. The developer is F&F Development, LLC, (the “Developer”). The measurement index to determine the need for assistance is the return on investment, termed the internal rate of return, (the “IRR”), as compared to comparable projects in the current marketplace. Springsted reviewed project costs, operating revenue and expense information and the requested assistance revenues to determine each Project’s need for assistance. Springsted reviewed ten-year cash flow projections provided by the Developer and tested the revenue and cost assumptions prepared by the Developer. The testing compared the Developer’s representations to industry benchmarks. We determined the following:  For both Projects, the projected IRR without assistance to the Developer falls below the current range expected within the marketplace and the Developer’s own return requirement. Based on the projected level of return without assistance, we conclude neither Project is likely to be undertaken without public assistance.  Both development scenarios would have to realize either cost savings, revenue increases or a combination of the two for the project to be undertaken without public assistance. The estimated rates of return for each Project with and without assistance are illustrated below in Table A along with the rate at which assumptions would have to change for either Project to be considered feasible without assistance. Table A Internal Rate of Return (IRR) – Return Analysis Unleveraged Return Lincoln Project Commercial Project Return Without Assistance 3.61% 3.56% Return With Assistance 8.22% 9.40% Sensitivity Analysis (to Return Without Assistance) Decreased Costs 21% Decrease 26% Decrease Increased Project Revenue 45% Increase 46% Increase Combined Cost Savings & Increased Project Revenue 14% Decreased Costs 14% Increased Revenue 17% Decreased Costs 17% Increased Revenue Executive Summary 2 City of Jefferson, Missouri. St. Mary’s Hospital Project: But for Determination For purposes of performing our sensitivity analysis we have utilized the PwC Real Estate Investor Survey which identifies the range of returns for a development of this nature as: 6.00% to 13.00%, with an average return target of 8.91%. Purpose 3 City of Jefferson, Missouri. St. Mary’s Hospital Project: But for Determination 2. Purpose The City of Jefferson has retained Springsted to review the proposed St. Mary’s Hospital Tax Increment Financing Redevelopment Plan. The plan proposes the redevelopment of the former St. Mary’s Hospital site, which consists of approximately 9.8 acres located at the southwest corner of 50 Highway and Bolivar. The redevelopment plan proposes various expansions to the historic hospital building and neighboring facilities. The Developer is proposing two potential redevelopment scenarios within the Redevelopment Plan: the “Lincoln Project” and the “Commercial Project.” The Lincoln Project is the Developer’s preferred redevelopment option and proposes;  Development of a satellite location for Lincoln University consisting of the renovation of the historic hospital building into a 135,350 square foot higher education center,  Renovation of 75,000 square feet of office space,  Redevelopment of a 37,000 square foot medical office building, and  Development of the balance of the site into 21,000 building square feet of commercial pad sites focused on restaurant and retail uses. In total, the Lincoln Project consists of approximately 268,350 square feet of newly constructed and redeveloped buildings. The Commercial Project is an alternative development scenario proposed by the Developer in the event that the Lincoln Project does not come to fruition. The Commercial Project proposes;  Renovation of 75,000 square feet of office space,  Redevelopment of a 37,000 square foot medical office building, and  Development of the balance of the site into 30,200 building square feet of commercial pad sites focused on restaurant and retail uses. In total, the Commercial Project consists of approximately 142,200 square feet of newly constructed and redeveloped buildings. The Developer has indicated that the specific development scenario to be undertaken will be determined based on the availability of state financing for the Lincoln University component. It is anticipated that the state funding will be considered during the 2017 legislative session. If the state financing is secured, construction will commence on the Lincoln Project in the summer of 2017, with redevelopment of the St. Mary’s hospital building and the medical office building occurring at that time. If state financing for the Lincoln component is not obtained, commencement of the Commercial Project may occur at any time. In the TIF revenue projections for both Project scenarios, it Purpose 4 City of Jefferson, Missouri. St. Mary’s Hospital Project: But for Determination is anticipated that there will be a 3-year construction period before the projects are 100% assessed and on the tax rolls. The City has requested this analysis to estimate each Project’s need for the requested assistance, based on the cost and operating pro forma information provided by the Developer. The analysis that follows examines whether either of the proposed development scenarios would reasonably be anticipated to be developed without the requested financial assistance. The report that follows is pursuant to Missouri Statutes 99.800 et seq. relative to a determination that the proposed development scenarios within the proposed TIF Redevelopment Plan would not reasonably be anticipated to be developed without the adoption of the Plan. We have approached this determination based on the proposed plans regarding development costs, outcomes, financing sources, and timing, to develop a measure of the Developer’s expected return when compared to the amount of risk. If the development is owned and operated as an investment, a measure of return is calculated considering the time value of money and involves an assumed sale of the property at a price appropriate in the market place. This analysis is termed the internal rate of return. The final determination is based on whether or not the potential return is reasonable without the requested assistance, within the current marketplace and at the present time. The Developer is requesting assistance in the following forms for both of the Project scenarios, though the specific amount of assistance requested differs: - Statutory TIF - One hundred percent of the incremental increase in ad valorem property tax revenues (“PILOTS”) along with 50% of the incremental increase in economic activity tax revenues (“EATS”) which will be captured and re-directed to pay for new eligible reimbursable redevelopment project costs incurred by the Developer. - City Supplemental TIF Assistance – for the Lincoln Project, the Developer is seeking the redirection of the entire portion of the City’s uncaptured EATS revenue generated by the project, not including the Parks Sales Tax. For the Commercial Project, the City Supplemental TIF Assistance is reduced to half of the City’s uncaptured general sales tax revenue generated by the project. - Community Improvement District (CID) Sales Tax – The Developer is proposing the creation of a 1% Community Improvement District Sales Tax which will be applied to all sales within the Project Area. The CID is anticipated to have a lifetime of forty years from commencement of sales tax collection. Project 5 City of Jefferson, Missouri. St. Mary’s Hospital Project: But for Determination 3. The Project For each of the Projects, the Developer has prepared budgets which can be broken down into the following categories; land acquisition, demolition costs, site preparation/infrastructure, building construction costs, soft costs, and contingency. For each of these cost categories, the Developer has identified the pro-rata share of the combined TIF and City Supplemental TIF reimbursement that could be applied to the cost category, based on the ratio of the net present value (NPV) of the revenue streams to the total TIF eligible costs. The Developer did not specifically cite the individual line-items for which CID reimbursement would be sought. Since the Developer is seeking reimbursement for the TIF and CID eligible expenses on an as incurred basis, they are also seeking reimbursement for the interest cost incurred in the carrying of these expenses prior to reimbursement at an estimated annual rate of 6%. Table B – Lincoln Project Costs Category Total Project Cost % of Total Costs Developer Costs* TIF/City Supplemental TIF Reimbursable Costs** 40-Year CID Reimbursable Costs Land Acquisition & Carry $1,250,000 2.80% $1,054,929 $195,071 - Demolition Costs 2,154,651 4.83% 1,818,403 336,248 - Site Preparation/Infrastructure 4,336,272 9.72% 3,659,567 676,705 - Building Construction Costs 28,430,000 63.70% 23,933,305 4,436,695 - Soft Costs 4,733,050 10.60% 3,994,425 738,625 - Contingency 3,728,745 8.35% 3,146,849 581,896 - Total Lincoln Project Costs $44,632,718 100% $37,667,478* $6,965,240 $834,722 Table C – Commercial Project Costs Category Total Project Cost % of Total Costs Developer Costs* TIF/City Supplemental TIF Reimbursable Costs** 40-Year CID Reimbursable Costs Land Acquisition & Carry $1,250,000 4.04% $1,004,432 $245,568 - Demolition Costs 2,668,666 8.64% 2,144,395 524,271 - Site Preparation/Infrastructure 4,336,272 14.03% 3,484,393 851,879 - Building Construction Costs 16,919,000 54.75% 13,595,190 3,323,810 - Soft Costs 3,179,065 10.29% 2,554,524 624,541 - Contingency 2,551,347 8.26% 2,050,124 501,223 - Total Commercial Project Costs $30,904,350 100% $24,833,058 $6,071,292 $1,200,409 * The Developer Costs are prior to the application of the CID reimbursable expenses, for which specific reimbursable line-items were not identified. The actual developer cost will be the net amount after the CID reimbursement. ** The Developer did not identify the specific line-items for which they are seeking TIF/Supplemental TIF reimbursement. The amounts shown represent the proportional breakout for each eligible line-item on the basis of the ratio of TIF to total project costs. Land Acquisition Project 6 City of Jefferson, Missouri. St. Mary’s Hospital Project: But for Determination The Developer’s cost for acquiring the redevelopment site was $1,000,000, which occurred on December 16, 2015. The Developer documented this cost assumption by providing the original purchase contract for the acquisition of the site, along with corresponding amendments to the contract. The development site is approximately 10.79 acres resulting in a per acre cost of $92,678. In addition to this cost, the developer has allocated $250,000 in carrying expenses to the total land acquisition category. This equates to 2.80% of the total cost for the Lincoln Project and 4.04% for the Commercial Project. Hard Costs Table D – Lincoln Project Hard Costs Total Costs % of Total Costs Developer Costs TIF/City Supplemental TIF Reimbursabl e Costs Asbestos Removal $1,400,000 3.15% $1,183,385 $216,615 Garage Demolition 150,000 0.34% 126,791 23,209 Demolition of Walk Bridge 32,000 0.07% 27,049 4,951 Demolition of East Building 122,248 0.28% 103,333 18,915 Demolition Between Buildings 195,918 0.44% 165,605 30,313 Medical Office Building Partial Demo 55,500 0.13% 46,913 8,587 Historic Building Partial Demolition 63,000 0.14% 53,252 9,748 Partial Demolition of Central Building 135,985 0.31% 114,945 21,040 Site Utilities 742,000 1.67% 627,194 114,806 Garage Repairs 1,000,000 2.25% 845,275 154,725 Excavation 888,600 2.00% 751,112 137,488 Asphalt/Pavement 565,302 1.27% 477,836 87,466 Landscaping 325,100 0.73% 274,799 50,301 Curb/Gutter 190,180 0.43% 160,754 29,426 Sidewalks 85,090 0.19% 71,924 13,166 Retaining Walls 540,000 1.22% 456,449 83,551 Lincoln University Site 13,535,000 30.50% 11,440,800 2,094,200 Medical Office Building 2,775,000 6.25% 2,345,639 429,361 Historic Building Remodel 7,500,000 16.90% 6,339,561 1,160,436 Building 4A 1,760,000 3.97% 1,487,684 272,316 Building 4B 990,000 2.23% 836,822 153,178 Building 5 1,320,000 2.97% 1,115,763 204,237 Building 7 550,000 1.24% 464,901 85,099 Total Hard Costs $34,920,923 78.68% $29,517,791 $5,403,132 Project 7 City of Jefferson, Missouri. St. Mary’s Hospital Project: But for Determination Table E – Commercial Project Hard Costs Total Costs % of Total Costs Developer Costs TIF/City Supplementar y TIF Reimbursable Costs Asbestos Removal $1,400,000 3.15% $1,136,639 $263,361 Garage Demolition 150,000 0.34% 121,783 28,217 Demolition of Walk Bridge 32,000 0.07% 25,980 6,020 Demolition of East Building 122,248 0.28% 99,251 22,997 Demolition Between Buildings 195,918 0.44% 159,063 36,855 Medical Office Building Partial Demo 55,500 0.13% 45,060 10,440 Historic Building Partial Demolition 63,000 0.14% 51,149 11,851 Total Demolition of Central Building 650,000 0.31% 527,725 122,275 Site Utilities 742,000 2.42% 602,419 139,581 Garage Repairs 1,000,000 3.26% 811,885 188,115 Excavation 888,600 2.90% 721,441 167,159 Asphalt/Pavement 565,302 1.84% 458,960 106,342 Landscaping 325,100 1.06% 263,944 61,156 Curb/Gutter 190,180 0.62% 154,404 35,776 Sidewalks 85,090 0.28% 69,083 16,007 Retaining Walls 540,000 1.76% 438,418 101,582 Medical Office Building 2,775,000 9.05% 2,252,980 522,020 Historic Building Remodel 7,500,000 24.47% 6,089,136 1,410,864 Building 2 1,320,000 4.31% 1,071,688 248,312 Building 3 704,000 2.30% 571,567 132,433 Building 4A 1,760,000 5.74% 1,428,917 331,083 Building 4B 990,000 3.23% 803,766 186,234 Building 5 1,320,000 4.31% 1,071,688 248,312 Building 7 550,000 1.79% 446,537 103,463 Total Hard Costs $23,923,938 78.04% $19,423,481 $4,500,457 Utilizing the information provided by the Developer, we have grouped costs associated with demolition, site preparation/infrastructure and building construction costs under the hard costs heading. The total hard costs for the Lincoln Project are $34,920,923; which equates to 78.68% of the total costs. The total hard costs for the Commercial Project are $23,923,938; which equates to 78.04%. The total costs associated with demolition range from $2,154,651 for the Lincoln Project to $2,668,666 for the Commercial Project. The Commercial Project has a larger cost estimate due to the total demolition of the central hospital building, as opposed to just a partial demolition and reuse as proposed in the Lincoln Project. The costs under the heading of Site Preparation/Infrastructure total $4,336,272 for both scenarios. Project 8 City of Jefferson, Missouri. St. Mary’s Hospital Project: But for Determination The largest of the hard cost categories are for building construction costs related to the redevelopment of existing buildings and the constructions of new retail and restaurant buildings. The construction cost assumptions for each building are illustrated below in Table F, which represents a blending of both development scenarios. Table F Building Construction Costs Square Footage Cost Per Square Foot Total Costs Lincoln University Site (Lincoln Scenario) 135,350 $100 13,535,000 Medical Office Building Remodel (Both Scenarios) 37,000 $75.00 2,775,000 Historic Building Remodel (Both Scenarios) 75,000 $100 7,500,000 Building 2 (Commercial Scenario) 6,000 $220 1,320,000 Building 3 (Commercial Scenario) 3,200 $220 704,000 Building 4A (Both Scenarios) 8,000 $220 1,760,000 Building 4B (Both Scenarios) 4,500 $220 990,000 Building 5 (Both Scenarios) 6,000 $220 1,320,000 Building 7 (Both Scenarios) 2,500 $220 550,000 The building construction cost line-items can be broken down into three categories, historical redevelopment, medical office building redevelopment, and new retail/restaurant building construction. The anticipated cost of remodeling the Medical Office Building is the lowest of the vertical building costs (on a per square foot basis) at an anticipated $75 per square foot. The next lowest category is the historical redevelopment cost assumption of $100 per square foot, which is the basis for the estimate of redeveloping the existing central building for Lincoln University and redevelopment of the 75,000 square foot office building. The Developer will also be constructing four to six new pad site buildings for retail and restaurant uses, which they have estimated will cost approximately $220 per square foot. The Developer is proposing the redevelopment of an existing historic building, which will require substantial hard-cost investment. The redevelopment of this portion of the Lincoln Project must adhere to historical rehabilitation standards necessary to receive the historic tax credits the Developer is seeking. Given the unique nature of this portion of the Project, it is not possible to provide third- party cost estimates to provide as a comparison without engaging independent architects and engineers. Depending on the Project, the Developer is anticipating incurring costs related to remodeling of between 112,000 square feet and 247,350 square feet. The Developer has estimated this expense as ranging between $75 and $100 per square foot. To provide a comparison, albeit imperfect, we compared the cost estimates to the RSMeans Square Foot Cost Estimator for estimated construction costs for a new apartment building in the Jefferson City metropolitan area. The RSMeans data provides a range of cost estimates for the construction of vertical building improvements. The RSMeans estimate range Project 9 City of Jefferson, Missouri. St. Mary’s Hospital Project: But for Determination for this type of building ranges from $138.26 to $167.78. The Developer’s cost assumption of $100 per square foot is below the low-end of this range by 28%. It should be noted also that, in both Projects, the amount of Historic Tax Credits available to the Developer are based on the amount of eligible expenditures incurred by the Developer. Therefore, if the Developer were to realize actual remodeling project costs lower than projected, this would likely lead to a decrease in the value provided by the tax credits, thus partially offsetting the beneficial impact on the Developer’s return due to lower costs. The Developer is also anticipating constructing between 21,000 square feet and 30,200 square feet of commercial pad buildings, split between 4 and 6 pads depending on the Project. These pad sites are anticipated to be utilized for retail and restaurant uses. The Developer has assumed an average per square foot cost of $220 for development of these buildings. In comparison, the RSMeans estimate for sit-down restaurants ranges from $169.68 to $200.68, with an average of $186.45. The range for fast-food restaurants is $169.60 to $195.64 with an average of $183.26. Additionally, we determined the per square foot estimate for retail buildings is $97.04 to $125.79, with an average of $116.20. Based on these comparisons, the Developer’s estimate of $220 per square foot may be high. When available, it would be useful to understand the specific end users and finish levels in order to draw a conclusion. The development of the new retail and restaurant buildings in the Commercial Project totals $6,644,000, which equates to 21.50% of the total Commercial Project costs. For comparison, if the specific vertical improvement line-item were to be decreased by approximately 15%, which is roughly the difference between the Developer’s cost estimate of $220 and the RSMeans restaurant average of $186.45; the total cost for the commercial Project would only decrease by 8%. For the Lincoln Project, the new pad building cost estimate is $4,620,000, which is 10.35% of the total Project cost. Reducing the cost estimate by 15% would decrease total costs for the Lincoln Project by only 2%. Soft Costs Tables G and H below provide the breakout of the individual costs which we have categorized as soft costs for each Project scenario: Project 10 City of Jefferson, Missouri. St. Mary’s Hospital Project: But for Determination Table G – Lincoln Project Table H – Commercial Project The individual line-items we have categorized as soft costs total $4,733,050 for the Lincoln Scenario which equates to 10.60% of the total Project costs. For the Commercial Project, soft costs total $3,179,065 and equate to approximately 10.29% of the total costs for that Project. The largest line-item under the soft cost heading is the Developer Fee line item. For both Projects, this fee is based on 6% of the building construction cost total. The next largest line-item is the architecture and engineering cost, which is based on 3.5% of the building construction cost total for each Project. The Developer also estimated the following line-items as each being based on 1% of the total building construction cost; closing costs/financing fees, interest Soft Costs Total Costs % of Total Costs Developer Costs TIF/City Supplementar y TIF Reimbursable Costs Architecture & Engineering $995,050 2.23% $839,766 155,284 Legal/Accounting 450,000 1.01% 379,774 70,226 Closing Costs/Financing Fees 284,300 0.64% 239,933 44,367 Interest Reserve 284,300 0.64% 239,933 44,367 Construction Management Fee 284,300 0.64% 239,933 44,367 Developer Fee 1,705,800 3.82% 1,439,598 266,202 Overhead & Reimbursables 284,300 0.64% 239,933 44,367 Testing, Surveys, and Studies 100,000 0.22% 84,394 15,606 Permits & Fees 125,000 0.28% 105,493 19,507 Real Estate Taxes 120,000 0.27% 101,273 18,727 Construction Period Insurance 100,000 0.22% 84,394 15,606 Lincoln Project Soft Costs $4,733,050 10.60% $3,994,425 $738,625 Soft Costs Total Costs % of Total Costs Developer Costs TIF/Supplem. Reimbursabl e Costs Architecture & Engineering $592,165 1.92% $475,832 $116,333 Legal/Accounting 450,000 1.46% 361,596 88,404 Closing Costs/Financing Fees 169,190 0.55% 136,952 33,238 Interest Reserve 169,190 0.55% 136,952 33,238 Construction Management Fee 169,190 0.55% 136,952 33,238 Developer Fee 1,015,140 3.28% 815,711 199,429 Overhead & Reimbursables 169,190 0.55% 135,952 33,238 Testing, Surveys, and Studies 100,000 0.32% 80,355 19,645 Permits & Fees 125,000 0.40% 100,443 24,557 Real Estate Taxes 120,000 0.39% 96,425 23,575 Construction Period Insurance 100,000 0.32% 80,355 19,645 Lincoln Project Soft Costs $3,179,065 10.29% $2,554,524 $624,541 Project 11 City of Jefferson, Missouri. St. Mary’s Hospital Project: But for Determination reserve, construction management fee and overhead & reimbursables. Cumulatively these line-items equate to a cost estimate based on 4% of the total building construction cost. The remaining line-items are nominal amounts, cumulatively equating to slightly more than 1% of the total Project costs. Contingency The total contingency amount for the Lincoln Project is $3,728,745, while for the Commercial Project it is $2,551,347. In both scenarios the contingency amount is broken out into hard and soft cost categories. The hard cost contingency amount is calculated based on 10% of the total building construction costs and site preparation/infrastructure costs. The soft cost contingency amount is based on 5% of the total soft cost category. These are reasonable assumptions for the calculation of contingencies. In the “Return Analysis” section of the Report, we discuss the sensitivity of the rate of return to changes in the project costs and the effect on the return resulting from a decrease in project costs. Assistance Request 12 City of Jefferson, Missouri. St. Mary’s Hospital Project: But for Determination 4. Assistance Request The Developer is requesting assistance from the following sources: -Statutory TIF – One hundred percent of the incremental increase in ad valorem property tax revenues (“PILOTS”) along with 50% of the incremental increase in economic activity tax revenues (“EATS”) which will be captured and re-directed to pay for eligible reimbursable project costs incurred by the Developer. -City Supplemental Tax Redirection – For the Commercial Project, the Developer is seeking redirection of 50% of the increased EATS generated by the City’s general sales tax. For the Lincoln Project, the Developer is seeking redirection of 100% of the increased EATS generated by all of the City’s sales taxes, excluding the 0.25% parks sales tax. -Community Improvement District (CID) Sales Tax – Creation of a 1% Community Improvement District Sales Tax which will be applied to all properties within the CID Area. The CID is anticipated to have a term of forty years from commencement of the collection of the sales tax. The Developer is requesting the above described sources of revenue be used to provide assistance on a pay-as-you-go basis. The anticipated funding capacity of the various revenue streams was estimated based on the Net Present Value (NPV) of each revenue stream assuming a 6% private loan interest rate. In the following table we illustrate the funding capacity of each source of revenue for each of the development scenarios. Table I In the return analysis section we will illustrate the impact on the projected rate of return with and without the requested forms of assistance. Table J provides the anticipated sources that will be utilized to fund the redevelopment project costs for each Project. Form of Assistance: Lincoln Project Funding Capacity Commercial Project Funding Capacity TIF – PILOTS & EATS Revenue $6,264,589 $5,399,557 City Supplemental Tax Redirection $700,651 $671,735 CID (40-Years) $834,722 $1,200,409 Total Assistance Request $7,799,962 $7,271,701 Return Analysis 13 City of Jefferson, Missouri. St. Mary’s Hospital Project: But for Determination Table J Sources: Lincoln Project Commercial Project Private Debt & Equity $21,548,362 $18,348,255 New Market Tax Credits 753,144 753,144 Federal Historic Tax Credits 1,125,000 1,125,000 State Historic Tax Credits 1,406,250 1,406,250 Brownfield Credits 2,000,000 2,000,000 TIF – NPV 6,264,589 5,399,557 City Supplemental TIF – NPV 700,651 671,735 CID – NPV – 40-year Term 834,722 1,200,409 State – Lincoln Contribution 10,000,000 N/A Total Sources $44,632,718 $30,904,350 Return Analysis 14 City of Jefferson, Missouri. St. Mary’s Hospital Project: But for Determination 5. Return Analysis Utilizing the operating pro forma prepared by the Developer, we evaluated the need for assistance for the proposed development by comparing the potential return with and without assistance. The Developer provided a 10-year operating pro forma for the development based on a two-year build-out and three-year lease up period and operating revenue and expense assumptions for each of the development scenarios The Developer’s pro forma calculated a leveraged internal rate of return (IRR) after the 10-years of the pro forma. Utilizing the baseline pro forma provided by the Developer, we calculated the return on an unleveraged basis to estimate the potential return with and without the requested forms of assistance. The return realized by the Developer is a result of the assumptions used in the creation of the operating pro forma. Therefore, a number of steps must be performed to analyze the reasonableness of the assumptions used. Step One – Evaluate Project Costs: The first step in analyzing the return to the Developer is to determine if the costs presented are reasonable. If the Developer experiences cost savings absent any other changes, the Developer would realize a greater return than projected. The reasonableness of the Developer’s cost assumptions is detailed in the project cost section of the Report. In the sensitivity analysis, we address the rate at which project costs would need to change for the project to be feasible without the requested assistance. Step Two – Evaluate Operating Pro Forma Assumptions: The second step in calculating the return to the Developer is to determine if the operating revenues and expenses of the proposed development are reasonable. The Developer’s pro forma identified proposed office lease rates of $13 to $15 per square foot. For the individual pad buildings the Developer estimated pad lease rates of $20 to $25 per building square foot. For the Lincoln School scenario the Developer assumed a $3.50 per square foot lease rate assumption for the 135,250 square feet of higher education space. On the operating expense side, the Developer assumed a 10% allowance for operating overhead expenses, 5% for a vacancy factor and 5% for capital reserves. The Developer is assuming both scenarios are tenanted over a 3 year period. Based on a market review, we found the Developer’s lease rate and operating assumptions to be reasonable. Step Three – Evaluate Hypothetical Sale Assumptions: The third step in analyzing the return to the Developer is to determine if the assumptions for the hypothetical sale of the asset are reasonable. The calculation of an internal rate of return requires the assumption of a hypothetical sale of the asset in the final year of the operating pro forma. The inclusion of Return Analysis 15 City of Jefferson, Missouri. St. Mary’s Hospital Project: But for Determination this hypothetical sale is used purely for purposes of evaluating the return on the Developer’s investment. The determination of the potential market value of the project, through a hypothetical sale, is necessary as it allows for the inclusion of the value of the asset into the rate of return calculation. The calculation of an IRR without the hypothetical sale would result in an understated return. The use of a hypothetical sale assumption is not indicative of the Developer’s intention to sell the development in the final year. The critical assumption when valuing the asset at the time of the hypothetical sale is the capitalization rate. The available net operating income divided by the capitalization rate results in the assumed fair market value of the asset. The Developer has used a capitalization rate of 8.00% for the project to calculate the hypothetical sale value. In reviewing historical capitalization rate trends for office developments, we feel that 8.00% is a reasonable assumption. Developer – Baseline Unleveraged Return Analysis: Table K shows the calculation for the baseline unleveraged IRR for both the with and without assistance scenarios. It should be noted that the unleveraged return analysis for the Lincoln Project includes the Developer receiving the state contribution in the without assistance scenario. This was done to illustrate the specific impact on the return of just the requested TIF/CID assistance, and resulted in a higher return than the Developer’s without assistance pro forma. Table K Springsted Unleveraged IRR Pro Forma Lincoln Project IRR Commercial Project IRR Without Assistance 3.61% 3.56% With Assistance 8.22% 9.40% Market Return Benchmark: To determine the unleveraged internal rate of return a standalone un-incented project of this nature would require to be considered “feasible,” we consulted the PwC Real Estate Investor Survey, First Quarter 2017. This survey provides a resource to help determine feasibility of the project without incentives. According to the developers surveyed, the typical unleveraged market return necessary for them to pursue a development of this nature falls in a range from 6.00% to 13.00%; with an average return of 8.91%. Sensitivity Analysis In order to answer the question “is the development likely to occur without public assistance,” we analyzed the without incentive pro forma for each of the proposed development scenarios. A sensitivity analysis is performed in order to understand the magnitude at which project costs would have to decrease, or conversely project revenues would have to increase, for the project to be Return Analysis 16 City of Jefferson, Missouri. St. Mary’s Hospital Project: But for Determination considered feasible. For this sensitivity analysis we are using the PwC Investor Survey average return of 8.91% as our benchmark. To understand the impact of the project cost assumptions, we performed a cost sensitivity analysis to determine the rate at which project costs would have to decrease for the projected un-assisted rate of return to be in excess of our feasibility benchmark. Table L illustrates that the Developer would need to realize a 21% project cost savings for the Lincoln Project to be feasible without assistance and a 26% cost savings for the Commercial Project to be feasible without assistance. Table L Project Costs Sensitivity Reduction in Project Costs Rate of Return without assistance Lincoln 21% 9.21% Commercial 26% 8.98% To understand the impact of increased revenues, we performed a sensitivity analysis to determine the rate at which project revenues would have to increase for the projected rate of return to be in excess of our feasibility benchmark without assistance. Table M illustrates that the Developer would need to realize a 45% increase in project revenues for the Lincoln Project to be feasible without assistance and a 46% increase in revenues for the Commercial Project to be feasible without assistance. Table M Project Revenue Sensitivity Increase in Project Revenues Rate of Return without assistance Lincoln 45% 8.91% Commercial 46% 8.95% As a final step in the sensitivity analysis, and to understand the impact of a combined change in project costs and project revenues, we performed a sensitivity analysis to determine the rate at which these areas would have to change for the projected un-assisted rate of return to be in excess of our feasibility benchmark. Table N illustrates that the Developer would need to realize a combined 14% decrease in costs and a 14% increase in revenues for the Lincoln Project to be feasible without assistance. The table also illustrates that the project would need to realize a combined 17% decrease in costs and 17% increase in revenues for the Commercial Project to be feasible without assistance. Return Analysis 17 City of Jefferson, Missouri. St. Mary’s Hospital Project: But for Determination Table N Combined Sensitivity Reduction in Project Costs Increase in Project Revenues Rate of Return without assistance Lincoln 14% 14% 8.95% Commercial 17% 17% 9.11% The three tables above (Tables L, M, and N) indicate the magnitude at which project assumptions would have to change for either scenario to realize a rate of return in excess of the 8.91% feasibility benchmark. Absent changes of the magnitude outlined above, neither version of the project would generate a sufficient return to draw market investment. Only by assuming either increases in project revenues, decreases in project costs, or a combination of the two do the returns increase to a feasible level without public assistance. Based on our review of project costs and operating assumptions, changes of the magnitude outlined above are unlikely to be realized, which indicates that the proposed scenarios would not likely be completed through private enterprise alone.  Conclusions 18 City of Jefferson, Missouri. St. Mary’s Hospital Project: But for Determination 6. Conclusions The proposed development scenarios contemplate the redevelopment of the existing hospital site and the conversion of the property into office and retail uses. Additionally, the Lincoln Project contemplates the redevelopment of a portion of the site into university classroom space. In either scenario, the Developer will bear all the risk until project completion and permanent financing is in place and continued operating risk thereafter. This level of risk demands a positive return with a comparable national market range of 6.00% to 13.00%, with an average of 8.91% as indicated in the PwC Real Estate Investor Survey. As detailed above, the projected IRR to the Developer for either scenario without assistance, falls outside of the low-end of the range expected within the marketplace and significantly below the average return used as our feasibility benchmark. In comparison, the return with assistance for both scenarios is consistent with the average return used in our analysis. A Blight Study prepared by Valbridge Property Advisors dated April 11, 2016 and an affidavit signed by the Developer dated June 22, 2016 state that the redevelopment area is a blighted area and has not been subject to growth and development through investment by private enterprise and would not reasonably be anticipated to be developed without the adoption of tax increment financing. Based upon the Blight Study, Developer affidavit and upon our analysis, Springsted concludes that the proposed Project, without assistance, would not likely be undertaken at this time without the requested assistance