Loading...
The URL can be used to link to this page
Your browser does not support the video tag.
Home
My Public Portal
About
Whitebird, battle of
REFERENCE SERIES IDAHO HISTORICAL SOCIETY 610 N. JULIA DAMS DRIVE BOISE. IDAHO NUMBER 440 BATTLE OF WHITE BIRD June 8, 1967 Before the Idaho gold rush, a Nez Perce Indian treaty, reserving almost all of the traditional Nez Perce lands for exclusive use of the Indians-, went into effect in 1859. Gold discoveries at Pierce in 1860 left the agreement out of date before the Indians began to realize any treaty benefits to speak of. The gold rush brought ten thousand and more miners 'to the Nez Perce reservation by 1862, and all attempts by the United States Government and the United States Army to keep whites off the reservation were doomed to failure. So the United States decided that a new treaty, reducing the reservation to about one -tenth of its original size, would have to be concluded with the reluctant Indians. The smaller reservation preserved some of the best Indian lands, and favored those Nez Perce bands which had been most affected by the work of missionaries who had come as early as 1836. Indian farms, started with the help of missionaries, were found on the smaller reservation. The bands which depended less upon farming and more upon hunting fared poorly under the new treaty proposal: to conform to white wishes, they would have to give up their old way of life and become farmers on the smaller reservation. This drastic change proved unacceptable. Of tho.se whose lands were excluded from the small reservation, only Timothy agreed to the new treaty. Friction between non- treaty Indians and settlers on the non - treaty Indian lands -- particularly along the lower Salmon in White Bird's country and around Wallowa in Joseph's country -- erupted fairly often during the decade after the United States ratified the new treaty in 1867. By 1876, reservation officials, stock raisers, and settlers had put considerable pressure upon army generals to get them to force the non- treaty bands to move to the reduced reser- vation. A council at Fort Lapwai between General O. O. Howard and some of the non - treaty Indians late in 1876 showed that none of the Indians would move without being forced to. Threats of military pressure, designed to make the Indians move, left the non - treaty bands more restless than ever in the spring of 1877. White Bird's band, which already had exper- ienced a lot of trouble with the whites, menaced the settlers along Salmon River sufficiently _ so that by May 7, 1877, they appealed for military protection: we are sorely annoyed by the presence of a lawless band of Nez Perce Indians, numbering about two hundred. They tear down our fences, burn our rails, steal our cattle and horses, ride in the vicinity of our dwellings, yelling, fir - ing pistols, menacing and frightening our women and children and otherwise r disturbing our homes . . . . Responding to Army demands, White Bird's people moved up to Camas Prairie near Tolo Lame not far from the reservation boundary, where other non - treaty Indians were congregat- ing late that spring. Joseph's band from Wallowa joined them June 2. Practically none of the Indians wanted to give up their land and their freedom, but no other course seemed practical. Many of the Indians- -the younger ones especially - - engaged in war -like demonstration, and the white settlers of the area voiced concern that trouble would break out before the non - treaty bands ever got settled on the reservation. White Bird's group showed the most dissatisfac- tion. Shortly before the military deadline for removal to the reservation, some of White Bird's young men set out to avenge old wrongs. Raids along the lower Salmon led to the shooting of a number of settlers there, June 13 -15. While tie survivors were preparing de- fenses at Siate Creek, news of the outbreak reached the army at Fort Lapwai. Hostilities had spread to Camas Prairie, and Captain. David Perry rushed from Fort Lapwai to Mt. Idaho with two companies of cavalry. About ninety -five officers and men comprised this force. Impressed with the need to cut off the non - treaty bands before they had a chance to cross the ; Salmon to relative safety, Perry set out for Mt. Idaho the evening of Jane 16. About a dozen Mt. Idaho volunteers and a few Nez Perce scouts accompanied him. That night his weary force camped at the top of the ridge above White Bird, resting briefly until daylight. As he approached White Bird Creek early in the morning, Perry's command ran into serious trou- ble. Indians had come from their camp along White Bird Creek up the hill next to the stream. There they met the army at Whitebird battleground. Perry lost his trumpeter, who was just beginning to blow the call "enemy in sight, " right at the beginning of the fight. The second company's trumpeter also was an early casualty. Somehow the only substitute bugler mis- laid his trumpet on the way to the battle. That meant that Perry had no effective way to give commands, and his forces soon became disorganized. The Mt. Idaho volunteers scouted on down to White Bird Creek at the start of the battle. When they met Indian resistance, they disregarded their commander, George M. Shearer, and retired up the hill. Soon the Indians were beginning to surround the army, and Perry's men began to give way. Perry hoped.ao hold a low ridge not far from White Bird Creek. But aside from a protected rocky point occupied by Sergeant Michael McCarthy and six men, his forces were exposed to devastating attack. Some of his men, many of whom never had engaged in any kind of battle before, panicked and galloped off. Perry had no choice but to organize a retreat as orderly as possible. Several attempts were made to hold defensible positions along the route up White Bird Hill. Indian pressure from nearby ridges forced the army to retire from each new position. Finally Perry and some of his command climbed to the top of the steep west wall, whileAhe rest followed the Mt. Idaho trail up a ravine to Camas Prairie. The Indians never managed to cut off the army altogether, but they emerged from the clash without loss of a warrior. Perry lost a third of his force. Instead of rounding up the Indians, he had rushed into a disaster. From White Bird the non - treaty bands proceded up Salmon River and crossed to the west side. General O. O. Howard set off in pursuit. Crossing Salmon River after the Indians, he spent a week cut off from them in the rough terrain between the Salmon and the Snake after the Nez Perce returned north to Camas Prairie. The Indians did not know exactly what to do after their triumph at Whitebird: some had hoped to avoid trouble by having Vicious Weasel and six emisaries work out a peaceful solution with Perry when the army approached their camp, but that had been impossible. They still could not figure out how to end the war after the opening Llash had ended. From their initial success, however, they decided that the army could not do much against them. Howard, though, found out right at the beginning that he was going to have a real problem getting the non - treaty Nez Perce settled down somewhere, and the battle of White Bird proved to be only the opening fight in a summer long campaign that took him 1500 miles across Idaho and Montana before the war finally ended early in October. The white line in the left center of this picture, looking down White Bird Hill toward Salmon River, indicates the initial battle line. The Indian camp was in the trees along White Bird Creek just below the battle line. Captain Perry came down the old trail screened by the low ridge extending across the right center of the picture. Warned by his scouts, he formed on the battle line while Major George Shearer took the Mt. Idaho volunteers to the left of the line, paralleling the present highway to White Bird Creek. Sergeant McCarthy was stationed at a rocky point on the right side of the battle line, The Indians came around both sides of the battle line, and Perry had to retire ft Se 2 T111cri arrived in the vininry, camr, of farr!:m c,lV 1"Y, i.rr '-i{arrens in 1 -62 am: be, 1 =-0,3 t'ta •„a in loCl brnu71t in a few more ". n. ; s the ; +� t ham^ 'o:3t'e turned over to the ,ar,:oar of :, -ears. These China:.-en for the ;ost Hart rorr go o 1 =s of :',ha r..eces4ary_that t 3lizaboth often told a ?gout, if a C ~.inar.ai ir, gust a day or so he �ot�1-? bs no mre. Shen a.1 �rafR the re':1,I � "The + !evil got hiA" . Yo she Cfi October 23, 1968, Miaab3th Flein was Carr of 'arrens, 1c:ahos roar chit drQn were bor ra:- i.ned in the caT n until the apri t" of 1"74 - ix_hau3teci so t toy d_3cit'ad to ;.•oars to the fti;, aiitebirdo T?ia r h:id still at t`':is ti:� e onl-, r;± fsT'_f1.y ha�i to be trartr ax-tsd the 1�>3 Tilers on to ri,':e on the :orse behind .,is fat.L,er. aizal on her la-:, and the two othar^, Caroline and in alforkse9s arty lashes', one on ea-her :4 e of an thy' trail% were touf;h Tina very nar-.-o, +. The stumble any fall., or sna mrrn '1411d alrOrIal. and Cf:rt&Jnl would .;.Y.; 1500 do ^' -F .'.. iA ..'.93 ::; • T',?y arrivsd on t,+�-% 3i- �a17 ,n �i . *er soxr Lis. his brother -in -law, ',r. Vason and others rain^ was not so plentiful as it had b�',gni in 70!'e o to pan out a Qood living. i.*t the Ill of 1"4a. - old 'sari bs• -s: di.s- � ' f, W.. � "t A•i jyi �.�:+'l ill �i^..� r�i iAorte T-15 ] a1 �.. �1 .:: i't r,rr zl �l'.i .ia 1 "it �l' ��i_.. :.t,.i :J 4,.. -'�.•Y l rl ^zs3.i or a ^ <•. matter of. fact at 438 van.' A. .;ot, a leg cr an ar. bri: -in or .sat ,off, '^ s :7 would a 3k a ;ou'., t a aid one never saw 8 �.arrisd t:i9 i.-u a ; r, to '.f.11iar, ti ,bcr;* n; i ;t, ; �'1 : �,;o 1C,'i 3: h 3 to this ufiton, t' 4 tp t` :e s7TVwt •L.t At t hi� . : �ol e 3,L'ifin about four i.7 p ;:Ile : lver ft era -k t,r r31:F3:it, bfiV "� il(.8, afa3 ctod9 •o !-acksa tho? h.t;,,. "knrie" t7, ,..o. ,ia award :: tr_ ut in 'cxara t.:esp Hers iactsc± the 'ior -o. 'i ..i Has a var^ t r;: i n. e,x. s fas the fear that. :''3 h(�rAP 1 :a:% t becor e frig t'-?T!!' 1, t ae 0,111.,; ren the bar - -hill 13 ,,1c; th=' riC:t 211 H. :9r' ,1,1* w , '1i5�.Fi a ? 1'pm) or r ^r:`^.! ��J�.re. r. 0,,borne Here they liv:':?, 'Forks ., znc: were Older than ?'rs. Gsborre, was fatht r AS "ti'�_L1 a hurt -in �.♦ .+s`;a; mil �1'i13: supper he +foul'1 h:"-v8 0io mnti^. �r tit a pgper r4ul r iadl :: mij to children and .got the'. read. :or bey. At thin t .T® Be-'PO htz5b3xtd, an ,j ther, were ti:e parents of f:�.ir of rotherhoo ", gr3W the ' _,egire to talk, read, hard evenin•7s try the lijt- t of a tallo•i candle – ':.n Ci f:l 7%- - -5 i n lei lif � +q n -fir .et V ' news ra)�ers cuite ti/r4 tar r`Li�Z''7 (1�y1 �J�J i' t' �' ►1 � There were otv!er farilies along *, t',,. Rive hap! y, until the n. jri.ng of 1877; ` -'ien t'-e Nell °li.zabrt%� ofton be ;geri to rove away. re ushr there wa' no ean;;ar bccau::a no uras f r13n�1.. r sear,:ed to be a goat deal une, y an: beF;nf;d t There' seer*ad to be a -rear 664, of reser ha:. s:)ttliid in the wallo 4ta110 1,11'46.` any t" V roe rrvation. Thay coul 4 not think of. i dattarr•ini.ng, not t" -ivo up with-:ut ?.t lei 't all t�.e Nloz .:omm tr1;) ), lovi:3md to t,-.',e fro' belonged to ' ►ter-. ?'.o [',n•'.? 1, T'' -i46 .. " }lJ:`.j ^'tI]i {; '�•L:` -''.' ':; . ^ +.',4i �,rt�i '.ii'.v s_.�C h.° 'r�ca;t stL ^_ `;:1 :8. .:i10 i!✓ ... to 3rc0nplig`t t1,t33A t,n -Rr r -3a -c»5 at this tire so life ,ka.i c:uit© cis. .•isle and :'erce ln,,�a.an trnubl -� b r -&n ?.o bo tie area of. t k;, tpllin, per ne vtcul. coufrrt b th . -he in ins a'r th-jy li %►ins:. She !'till 7 often to ?o. tr. atrct a ctn: the In-tairns, bAeau:se VII W�!:itea .:avernre.:t % Y'tt'�I to ut t:.+., Tr, Sins on a ?? this crntrttr�' of t i y` rs nmd so alter Chief ',•;clq Chief of th „ `.1hr. x .'t. r:i -4ht;tis'_1.Y There ware four distinct ban :s of non- -t at Jmair.s: JosnLh r s �,rt,o ma :,e their ho,. s in the ` +allowa and J inn<tY;a '� al lea $; Whit- t a '.ixd or the "alr.or �iveT 'xt3ia�:3; I . ?{iri? -1. ^• 9es+ Pa,7e 3 whose hare was on the ?'id!ile Fork of the Clearwater-, and a s *all band under toohulhul.sote, the "Urewrer ": Who ramainAd on the Snake Five -() of th-U ;year. Of the friencrl Y Chiefs ,to were in the cnuntrp close to Cwmas i rairie we nay - entlon Kooskoos, N-ela, Captain Joh, Eagle -of -th -Light and Black Tail. For years the indians and the whites on aran prairie had been friendly with each other. They had traded together, herded stock together, and b�3en tan• neighborl�v. So it eras ver;., ham' _ °or the not lers to bed ieve Vm �ny 7: ar.-3r ri „ht c^r° s fro all t"-42 talk about the Indains goin.g on the +ar Path. Somotime in April 1877, a friendly Indai on the 93almon Rivsr cane to the house of Charles Cone of the Salmon anri told hin that he Indians surely were ;;oing to fight; that they would never go on the reservation; and thn Indians expected to 3ottle some old scores, naming a number of intended victims. This friondly Indian • -iarned the settlers of what vms corning, but fez+ believed the Ind.ains are in eiarnest. The Congs, .00ds anti Joshua Focklara organised for /protection and for one night stood gnarl. On Cars prairie the Indians were slowly gRthering all t °Trough the month of ' ;•iv and preparing for the conflict. Fror tine to tic,e th,,tr ;4. -"-nod their -:: ite friends t',3t trouble was coning and that they did not inten(; to go on the r3sirvations. Th3 red -skins vi.sitpd Grangeville and Yt. Idaho in large nur^bers and purchased all the arrr-,unition, end guns they could get, saving that they wanted theca when ; hey got on the rvserva.tion. They gath4red- their hundreds of toner, bou ht cattle or traded for t`1err., 'oought and by other means accu:..mlated all the supplies they could get, and in nany other ways prepared Or the coming conflict. Nearly all of the settlers supposed they •vere 1)reparin for going on the reservation. 1 ' One of the largest Indain canon at 'hat ttino w'as at V! a r -ut.h of Rock Creek ai&.t rdles . west of ;,rangevills. The smaller camron - 3eriv�,ms its nar, e fror.. its rocky appsarance. It cuts a furrow hundred of feat .�eeF and is four Telles long, forming an excallent place fort e Indians purpose. Here they herded t`�eir stook, k5llwl t•ieir beef, dried the w at, stored their suppli :s in a won:'•erfulcave, and prippax+ed to take a ldst stand ec,r the; country t4 13y lowed. At the head of the south Fork of this v:iKlon were t,m beautiful lakas. Around these lakes the Indians erected their tepees* i:urirla the early nays cf Jun$ t;;e non- troatysr with the exception of Look-Glass's bared, assert lio' in larger num)ers than ever at L•hic ful canning; ground, holden- counci's and drills, during i. %;e .lay tar .3 az.0 d:,nces at ni ht. Retgvlar picket lines -.dare set up :,hich tcl.l the indiane of any whites a .}.roac sir., .., :are they ar7,usd for and against war, a good rr3m► :Tare not in fa•,mr of c:uch a step aq WAr. After-a� —'n or peacefully going; on the reservation. Eton. Frank A. Fern says that word WAs sort to the enrramOr at Fort I.ap.rai nearly ten days before the outbroak. T otif -rote that officer of, the alar:.,ing condition of affairs on the prairie and the Salmon River. On the 13th of June, Vr. Fern sa-r4 Tuconllacasena, a brother of Lookin;- Glass, notified Admiral Coalmen and M. H. Rice that the zndianc were ,just about ready to o on the war path and that they better be on their guard. General Howard Was notified of the con tion and aik, -A.to send aid. He replied that txo c�c^rt�7ies of csval* were 5ein sent, an : told the ansoanlPer to "C?Ieer the p_,ople.” If these Generals had known Indziin habits and z uld hays taken i ce lm-� settlers, a great many litres might have been saved. a k On thi3 smr4 day, t1le 13 of June, a nun ttte Ku mal ranch on "''hitebird Craok, Vaere t t�t sX' �.Yil`J 3T3, acrd o't h:rr - dK;rw v :cap^ on ° h--?�y of the incident. Further up the river, thr v saked for bra.md for t'".^, solv,)s, Pxd builst.n braad, and .,mould !gave Leon given tote buL'.e<Cs ticm so they dig' not get the bullets. They a sn 1'ot`tinn wrs V.iriit'v" of it, After talkin.7 a .ad their porLies and ro -:e on up t.°ia river. Ih bruah near the horse of Hick 'W'Ivine. �r of Indai.ns came down Pron. the praris to ,► used ''r, `<ir, al s grirdgtcr:o to e'Iva r;.z x x -;d vory f r'isn Ill and r7, t".i• >zy &a:j oung Indians stop; ed at the ions r glair .runs, i *n? l:1.-Uzns :Mro idC1 h' ; xcopt thwt Chariis Cora was shcr t of .rru;U- tl.ninod that they -rarp out on a �':iLtItin , t,-i^, r• td-ln ; Wi tie Cones i4te 51 three Ind.iar.3 ni?,it, t,ns 14-th of Jun :., 6hey c aumpal in ti,-, Dick Davina was an old Zn, ;Ai ;h s allor l.vtng al.on; an his ranch on the Salm;n taix wilo:i above John D f Cr ---�3k. He had al:aays beon very frianuly w,.th the Ir. :.i ris, but ha did ;.oaao n a now irrprov3:i rifle, fittPKI ,r to excollarit s :,hts, end it w<s Vmmm t© be one of the t'irct gone it the. co :zztay. Thera Ir,di na wish vary ma to obtain thi g .fur,, wr zkch =,st have been he cause of these k`LUng ; r. Dit!':! After "eurin , the ri.f la, x-id once havin took tho trail back do-.,,n the > _lrvon, Arri.v-.in.; Day creek, this was t`:a nnrnin.-; of the 14th o Deckraaa wero ki11-,d by thcam. Cn t _is fatal m Land &'.)ova tho house to L,,et tha horses. T -,a }l . started the Srue3orr jab of at t' -q �Ufer9 ranch at the r oath of the Joan June, }a", _fifers, :tobw:rt Bland, and Farr7 ruing 1':ecra;,a and PI-Ind Went up to the bench n care rutting up hay at the tines. Pr. Sltera h =d ran:alnad at the h ouse to inish shrr:e c'iore3. tie had j ist come into the ho'a sa when tiro of V,o Indians car o to the hou ie ap;,armtiy lookin? . fur h1m, ":sy ta?k-34 a to i'r$. rte' fern VV7n left. #'fr`.3a -af", s mupo3-. t.hs7 'iad loff't +'.':® nlaca :3r:t.'l.`° -q ,�, . t,.;o .t Elfsrs VIHN had his c' -,ores ho started up the Nul to tho z'iedld, an-,a :is wife rittx:a and xatchrd hire until he .ra.3 out of eiL*it. ihi:r ems tY.a last tie.0 s:11e sa?, him aai,•o. 'rile Inai:; -s shot hisn i:ryoji:iat31,- after he rc ,c':e tho b,m h field. They had alraady bacYxa; -,s �xy Bland. !.rs. Ufors did not ' ±e:ar the a!,,ots, as Lhe noise of Vis ?,vns r::ust ha, *a b ien :1ro.mdd by tho wise of the creek,, but a Frenc':"an living a little fart',er -o.m John O� y Creak, th smoke of the gun3 and become sumpi-cinur that sorothin-L-, was wrnn�,. "-o at once . -iert art- nor-.o of the other -.: mars, An invalid mod ',hit- 3fielu, wlio had bee bocci ao of : 3..fors, 'Ol.a? ., and 'Gckra ga. '!a not rvw. mill, then they 6-or their .: xis and eeni, did not tmo- .- aT, -t,, n In-1 a ne;! until side the hone. Tha Inalians had exch,=,3a,: t=iolr Pc stolen ware ver^ fine a.ni*7�sls, one of V,.& -, ...� r,...,,._y rim i, '„}"; __ - a.'i ah hmiting and kanvu he was arr.ea, thary fea.rsd out 'iuzntimg hsad roturro :, ,-n disc ^vsmv, t fiod 'l.ar -an C;ou +_ - an3 111i. hired on at r,he tip him to the Scone o,' tha mr• :.er. ' r:.,s. a tho r °gin L•rin', nc; t�,e t er e 1�2:ad co ios far t�ir.ra of "r. .lfsars s;or :a:3 `G. rainod race hors a, vT e;; also took 1;r. mto=n and !aka trou -�le, :r.1 a here ti;e,- :sent on dm n :..he raver a4i:Iin.; tyre Corse house by lszavin, the tr3 i. i sdlo and a half balo :r tha Crno ranch, C'aa.rley Cone, 3r,, was at his plac!ar -,in :h ^.r► the redskims`a:O hie t': -y rushod clown on hi.-n in a t„reatring wormer ,�.nd ask,-5; hi; --. if ho krl.'rot . the horses they mare rid.In -, Cone hart, of'cmirta, mcogni9inri the ror ^e3 at nce but also kn(m smet5in;r was wran,i; hs thnuFht quickly and said he did not know the horses. The IzxtiLwa e tol:: hire to goo htms and stay there; that thery were very r..d, and Ioul., fi_,ht. chew thecae Indiana know- that Harry Vaso and : "r. 0aaborne were ::cell :u-,-rTA %nd that Mr, Osborne was an experienced Indian fiwht -:)r, so t1hery av -ided any trouble at the Vason ma ch, Vs,,r the mut'.Z of the 'hithir -1: ore -3k, V-.ey ret -ia: of lean .,diet, who out lnok'r,�* ,: ',dsr, ;Muck';, ani � h :�t him, tha L��..11at t: tin :? a1'fact in hi•i is ;s. Alt::ou ;'n 3crriouai;� iii; s he rAna��ci to crawl hme, hs gave hi.3 •+iia ra his valrtahle t,3per9 a.-O ,.fiat ,ol", crust t ^,er? had awl bagped her t•? go out and 1-ii-'..e in Via A-z>ods, This ml,a lvnu.ld not dn, a4 she :v3iid rathar atay rwn� car,, for her •.7,Aindmd 'susban A it right r. can dnat,h for :ner. "r. q^mdit t: had �: z�i somas trouble with vcr: e Indians Ghortl;r b3fore this, so it. .c .s Vl at reason for Page 5 A±ff, -sr tehirti-m -7 t'r. Benedict the threes Indir-ris tamed their hors-3a up Whi.tebird crack and during the uftornoon rejoined their fallo 'c. at they head of fcockev CwWon, -ihan thhey m r i -red thoy told all the other' Indians chat t iey h- %d (Lone and saidt"Nvw .jou have to firy'ztO, L%A -1d to-timed to be visx r hap,y over the deeds ther had done. This 'was the c:uC1c'.ang ::c`,crb tho _,''jLn g was so Btrong that t;:GV dfs4i:iod vh 3,7 wot;1 + riom ar lit tha throb+ •,`oun are errt-sd and now that the terrible job had bn . start d, tre Indians that ni 'ht zrotsd try con-,mnas ganeral Ho,,'e tram sa;re .liras Indians sezired about fiftewz Other paiiltad followers, un er the lcaOrship of I'ox 11-bx (YeI101-1 Bull) and irnmediat retur sad to 3almn River. DA ?J P th e ti ;r,e, �::? o .baker aura ;'at Pri •e had :a awmr o of tho 3hoot:Lf1,g Of A-, Benxtict9 and had warned t.he3 � anuel fwrily Of heir da.na ^r. Tne3 - decided to flee for slaty at once, Yrs, l anuel and her 'oany w---re placed m one zor a, ; `r. !`ter ue:i :�.r�ci hie 3 9v$n your old daugt tar, :'P�;t°;i3, mounted another and Vr. 8'f.'sY" rode; a t ". d horse, : rm, 1:anuel' s fitthe r Goorge Pophmp and rat :rice stayed in the brush near tie houai to sal if arb Indians ra . turned. The family decided to go to a mck cc 3r on the Bhker Place, haruly had Vii q &.art - ad, howovar, bofor�e g`ox Mox and his ',ra2 .ere re u ?:exi the = -, : r, ;,anal. and Yaggi3 were wounded anvd fail from their hcroe, 1%re., i:anual an: her baby ,.ere throNm f'ro:rt'je ►1r horse, and Baiter fell mmrtal -1.7 wounded frora arrowa. 'r.nuel was only wmLnded but thou: rz 4fl'!d by the lraiians, finally he escaped to the aatt:.wevnt after wond •rin,--, in the brush arui woods for thirtsen da;; ss while yaggi.e w,%e later found b� Pat Price and carried to the Fort at Mt, Ids,ho. The Indiana carried ; %rs, Yanuel, and the b<at77r back to the rouse and forced her to give; np the a. rition that thou had. ..:ter Th1a the In3air:s t.oes�t the trail. �1 -4un the cr9ok, ;oas�- ing the Osborns and V a3oor►s and �:illia.:.:toorg,I but LIzi r s F,nxt kv ; t in the brush tna tho Indians appeared to t,a afraid to go in after t eL�. in the exchange of shots; Oeorge wmm ,round - od is�, the thur..�b. That ni;-ht `:'.hey- r:e3cif'ed it zro A. be b,i >t for hL-�s to try and �s�:e "i� Tray to the j,-)x Q, u v r.rf, La' a „o, Chia ne succaeded inl a oing and Save t: ".0 firs;, au.,homtic nowi oz the Salmon river hurlers, At the youth of ,'�iitebird creeK, The Indians found 'r. Benedict, wd%o t "ay "ad �reviau!i?,y grounded and though doad. This time they !,-ado sure tom killed him.. Aiiot;ler rear. b; the n x!a of Bacon was sloo killed at this place. The iare said after ^�ar1 that they offer -ou Facon his life if he would acs;:© out anc. 1•3t t'iom have Benedict, but this ho re- „used to do, rro both rya were killed, From here they went dovin the i•1 °ur to It, C . grown' s :More. Thi ^ f aril y hraz seen them corJng MI-A e eaped i<n a boat to the Dther sides of the river, L,%t.:ar they wars pics -- ed up near Cottonwood and t&1 ,.*n to 'x,ount ld&lho, At BzT6*n1a Aom the Indians took _a i the R rmnition and ,00ds faun:.,, besi.iP€: dr',n};in frsoli of the l.i.,urr that was In tho rural ocn, After ^ettinr, good anu rinmk th 3�- ,.roe: e r,c;q o fit Vzn aver for the terrible (runes that were cor,°rdtted. C:n the; r)orni -z.T of tho ?5th r!ar' 4h. ►T 4$' ±4n !}? ^, "i ! 6 -t +': c: hm YaS -m?i :.wa. iA7.rin t?I ,''Y'f;' i-ou3 ni:,',.t tbe f'r",.so- -s A- '<l (.o r,11;ilr:a ' C; L JLZ,: S' UCH in a galeh rear the House. tiers they re,_.ain +d for soruf tine, gut they had no Food that to %a arty was forced to do something for t}io; They doei.del t.h r mould i;o to tha Osborne homas gcrt sorott;ing to eat an:� rovisir,m3 to ;`1 talc, with th(s;n, sr_d tt:sz; escape by talon;:; a bout they had, taxi try to `rift do?rn the 3.=.Lmon to Lewiston. they mere at the hausa set.. td.ng the provision!i roadsr the Indian-3 attac:c.z hive. Tho Indains di.1 not lik3 ;.r. Mason and offered to lot the rest go if t`.e3;� Wvuld live° `.anon to t -,e:,. of cours? t'r.ej 41”— rifusod to do this,, so the Indians attaalt sc tt e little ; -arty. Osbom ij ,hodoao, and t- avozi were killed. *.r. and .'re, Osborne; were kneeli by €t wirdo,q, L,e3 tr;ri.ng to mhaot, the Indians as they Crept rg, finally a bullAt pi ire ^d hif heart. The only thing ha tibia to say Was "'j God, wty did I Myer bri.n;; you here," The . hu hildror. were &11 '.-Lid tinder the b,-,d, Aftnr t'�sn rs:t pro all %11Ld, Chief 1'r*x :.47 -A Noto knew' - -rs. v"saornn, tol.: her, ant the other Or en, } re, °:s 3c'=3.f at,id Yrq. .falsh to wake Vis jchildrmi and . ,,o !-o 51ate Cre,,'.< white settlers had hurrisdI f;, "d up a temporary stockade:. he said thhey mould not moat AM Indiana. The v sin dragged the ;r :ent a bolls cut int,7 t!-,e ;yard a.nu covered t',o-. with �F �t:kata' to keep ,t.he wind from blowiA; t'•ar^ Cff, Page 6 Here our once hapty $lizabeth wp.s forced to leave her loyal and d voted husband srd a Ticy made their gray" to safety and rar►3 ed at elate V;-aAk for these rlorsths. i?�►re f tines they were short on provisions, arul alwaya t' a is gar of bein? attachad by the Ir!c.lar_s. a a.f.s she nester could have Root t1i,ose xiful dates, on:.,,; 1, :�r the fact t' -at she knew rlow all depanded on her to make a living for the fou.° children who were aged t hrea, 4e7en, and nine. 'ihen they arriv id at the Fort she nor the children had any e c chaos a.as the on•os thay had on, There was a sill store at 91. to Creek, so the xor-za who ,err in the fort got together and Tale some eliot'', ing for she and the children, they also -.tided hor with enough bedc'.ing that they be Comfortable, After the Indian trouble had been taken !in hand, and 41 was again peaceable, she de. c , � ed it would be best for her to go back to the rdninc tarn; of Warrens, where she was acquaintod. In the fall of 1877, three red from v:arranq were sent to r::cae she and the %ijjrmn back to that -lace, tiere we mist relate that before she left �or Warrens she felt she ;rust knov what ., tined to tars. Manuel$ the baby and little girl ; agrie as they were very dear friends. - s is the story as told by the little seven year old Maggie. "The night of Jrne 15, ;pother, babyo and tryself, Mrs. Benedict ant' the children rho had core over to the house after Yr. Benelict's loath) and the !-An stayed in the trash, The next morning 1 rs. Banedict' tried to persunue ua to go up the creek and escape i1 the pranrie, but :,.other and grandfather daciaed to return to the i,ouse, thinking that danger was past. Then, too, mother ref use-i to leave father alone in th© brush, :wotbUed ml A•ithout aid. 3o we returned to the house ebccept Mrs. Benedict who took kar chip cnd started up the creek uhaire she was subsequently rescu. "Early in the afternoon Joseph an4 his bahu, care u.:. Josoph was dressc: as a c'rriesf tud told us that he war Chief Joseph. The indiiazla called him Joseph -.nd I am positive that It drag he.: :ox 2!ox and dhite Bird •were also t -era. ? ox Yox Iriad f:rorisea to keep the hostils ::rdians out of the house but had failed to keel) his word. "Joseph wad not been in the house over an hour before he took a seat .'n a trunk in , . the roo where mother, baby and I were. Coth632', sat on a trundle bed and was rursin2; the ` aby when Joseph addressed her with some resr sr . The-y were only a f yw feet apart. Joseph - *&Chad over and tirithout preliminaries, plung. l a knife into her heart. o;.',cr loll bac'c r: the bid and tho onl.v words she staid �.�wers "L' n't kiln. the childroril She re•.oata -, t.has© r0er1 a throe t i +:_es. The redskins ara,-<. ; •.d her 7, to the floor and strip-ped off her clothing. 111 this I raw fro -m r!y bed in the sw_& roor,, an. iust, across fr,,,., r,.rther1 s. "After this the Indians took r;e to an .id j ining reor a: shut me in. Of courss I c. iod t' -at ono of Vne i h# t a Firm" 2?R !a�.1j.rim -, (l T 4s. 14� �'1', `i�.C�: ?.:t' f'Xh �'} �+ r, • �e +L aaifar3p an`.i ,iun'T,. "+waXn up unLij. n' :F'1 ari � > "4T' l `CthRr had b en killed.. I was barafoot,,-d and even now I can recall the horrible feeling thAt came over me as the blood oozed between 1 S- toes. The body was YrQv -d and 1,.-:i.ng in a rol of her life's blood. At her head lair baby Johnie, al .--o dead. 'Vy' first impulse was to find ,rrandf .th_3r! and I startsd in soarch of hir.. lnstaad of -". however, I found Pat price with .: :nor. I stiLy -e.i in the bru -h that right. In the morr.In the Indians attacked Mr. rice and me in thn brush. un deter-nine: to go-3traiglit to them ani try a ruse, so he mint up to 'Chief .fhits Bird. To hi.m Mr. Price shored the cross tattooed nn his bro st with India ink. le iropoied to the Indians that if they would allow hin to tako re on to Mount Idaho he woul , retu and - urr;inder hir.self to t hen. This the 1-`'i "' agre:�d to and after ue h �' ;onfi into tlia house ^x11-1. s "en -other's and baby's bodies, �e -n"t for the praria. I was barefooted. an-J ia : i; night clothos. :e traveled all 5•, Pr. Price carrying . ^e a F•ortion of the .ray, ; stnZ ea that ni ht at Harris's f.laca near the head of Rocky canyon. There, �',r. Price f d Ire a c:sair, fashioning it out of a dry 6'00d box. 11ith a rope hs fastened it On his br At this place he fo=4 an old shirt and Mt it On Iran. During all this tine an,auntil i lraachad -ount Id,-,:1o, : "loft ar,. , which ,V " P a g e 7 h a d b e e n b r o k e n i n . t h o f a l l . f r o r : t h e h o r s e y U l i ��t p b y T - s i d e , t h e o l d e r P e o p l e i n t . e e x t t s m a n t n ^ t - e v e n f i x i n g r e a a l i n g , I n t h i s b o x c h a i r 1 r o d e i n t o ' o u n t r , s g & a i r a t h o r e a b o u t n o u n . I r . I r i c e r i s k e d h i s l i f e t o z a r r y : . o t h r o u ��; h t o t h o s o t t ' a n J o f c o u r s e r I n i v a r f o r g o t h i s k i i i l n ; s s a n d d o - , D t i o n . R T h , s s a r . ; e d a y w e l o f t t h e h o a s o t h e I n d i a n s b u r n e d i t , t o s t h e 3 r - 4 t h t h e b o ' . i r r W L t 1 e r a n d b a b y . ; 3 u b s e q u e n t l y C h a i r c h a r r e d b o r e s = : n d i : , o t h o r ' s e a r r i n g s w e r e f o a m : . : r u . n s . O n e e a r r i n g w a s f . a r t i a l l Y w i t O , i , t h e o t h e r w a s i n i t s r a t u . r a l s . a t v , s x c e t f r , : � b l . s c k e s n e d b y t h e f i r e . T h a h o u s e w a s b u i l d t o f 1 o ; : s a n d 1 i . n c d w i t h l u m b e r a n d u n t h a v e t n t ) b r u s h a n : : f a t h e r w i t a e & , ��- C d b r N l s , u e a v 4 ���� h e t : a . i : t e r : . : h 3 . ��, t l r v e �� o f c o : : c e a l ��, e a s t t f i r . , ��� , d e s t r u c t i o n o f t h e b u i l d i n g . " F a t s a r r w a i n s d i n t h e b r u s h a n d g i m l l o u t b u i l . d i n s o n t h , �� r a n c h f o r t h e e e g n d a y s , l i v i n g u p o n b e r r i e s a n d a e g e t a b l e s t h a t h e w a s a b l e t o s e c v . . r e f r o : r t h e l i t t l e J - a r d i n . a f t e r s u f f e r i n g f o r f i v e e a r s f r o g . t h e a r r o w i n h i s r : e c k j h e c u t i t o u t w i t h h i s k r n i f e s i n . : c ; r c t i 3 t ' , . t h * . w o u r A p u s i n g h o r s e r a d i s h l e a v e s a n d c o l d l w a t e r f r o g t h e c r a n k . . i s h i p v i r u n d s h a d o r i p f l a d h i r s o s e r i o u s l y t h a t h e w a s u n a b l e t o t r a v e l . T h o s o l d i e r s f a u n a h L : , a n d b r o w h i e s t o k t o u n t I d a h o , w n e r r a h e � v e n t . u a l l y r o c o v d . * G r a n d f a t h e r e R ��e i n t o ' o u n t I d a h o 9 " - p r d a y s a f t e r ' r s , r i c a a n w a r r i v e . : , " T h i s i s t h e s t o r y a s I n o w r e - Y . o r b e r i t r , t h o r e c o l l a c t i a n o f i t r 1 _ 1 C o l e t o r e v o r y v i v i d l y d e s p i t e t h e l a m ; y e a r s . t h a t h a v e r o l l s b y . M - a a b o v e f a c t s a r e g i v e n f r o l r p e r s o n a l . l k n o - , r l e d g o a n d n o t f - o m h e a n r n a y . m 9 i g n e d t - - - " - - s , g i e B o ��r r a z a . W h e n M r s . O s b o r n e a n d f o u r c h i l d r e n a r r i e d i n , J a r r e n s e v o r y o n e w a s w a l l i n g - t o h e ! _ ) i e r i n a n y w a y t h v �% c ��, u i d . " A n w a r r a n _ e d f o r a , h o u s e i . n : " h i c h s : ��C c o y l e i c o ` f c : t I n o r d e r t o p r o v i J e f o c d f o r h e r s e l f a n d c h i l d r e n , r a t h e r t h a n t a k e - w t a t w a s s o k i l l _ i r E , - l y g i v e n h e r , s h e d e c i d e d t o g e t a w a s h t u b a n d a w a o h b o a r . : a n , - , t a k e i n w a n h i n g . T h e t i r . a r s w e r e a l l t r e e r r ; " f i l l i n g t o b t h ' l p h e r b y l c t t i n P h o r d o t �%l a i r c l o t h i n . : > h o o n l y w a i , ' h a d 8 5 p o t m d o , A g r e a t d u a l . o f t h a t w e i g h t r u s t h f i v e b e e n r . a d e u , - . o f b e c a u s e a h e n a i l E X t e r s h e t a r a n w o r k , s h e n e l e r h a d t o a s k a f a v o r o f a n , , - o n e . + h e n i s c t o r ��n e a y r a t t o r s i n t h o c a m p o f . , ' a r r e r o ; M o r e ��. e v e r a l w o m e n o f c i a - : ? . t i O i i a b l ` , t c h a r a c t e r , V h o c a v e a n d o f f e i r o d h o r t h e i r . l . a n . n r t o , o , g o ; : l I : o l t s h e s h n t l : f r i n o t d r y t h i s w o r k , b * . i t s } �� c o n t e n O e d t h a t ' A l u t t ^ _ * y . - e + r a n . i t r u b o f f c n h e r , b o s i a e s t " : t e i r c l o t i , i n l i g h t a n d c a n i l , r d c m n o . T h e y o f c o u r : s a w e r e a b e t o , A y t h e p r i c o , a n d : l e v e r f s 4 1 e , t , . ) a w a r d l i a r f o r t h e e 3 r x c a l l e n t w o r k t h e y s a i d s h e h i d i o v t h a n * i t i v �%" ' a ��( e 1 : s ' ��+ r t ' - " . r ' . X 1 " ��. Y . n g v ��t L . , ` . ��. i C ��1 ��: ����' , ` . �� - 1 1 2 3 ' . ��: s u ��. J v l ' . . . , ' ��a : ? V ' ��1 v �� 1 1 : 7 a : i u . . ��t ' A a f& t , . . - v . . . . : . " " T } t i r e w a s n o s c h o o l , b u t a r : : v z w f t " : c o r k = x i ! m o n e o f V i a : . t o r s s o a f ��r i d t e a c ' i a � f e . r o : c h i l d r e n j u s t f r e e g r a t u s . 3 o e v e r y d a " " s h y s a w t h a t t , . y o l d e r c h i l d r , , , n h 3 : t h e i r l . e i s c r i s f r a n h i r e . A l l o f h e r o e s : r i n : �� w a s d o n e b y h a n d i n t h ^ v ^ n i n ; s , b e c s u s ? s ! : o & . h a y s w a s t e d o r v ? a n d i r o n a d t h e n e x t , t h u s e e r y d a y w q s f i l P d , S u n d a y s h e . , i o u l ' s 1 : : _ S y o n s a r v e a s a d . - ; . y o f r e s t a n d o n i t o b e s p - s r t w i t h t h e c h i l d r e n T h u s s h e a o e c e : i , L o v e d , a n a e a r e d f o r h e C , 1 1 a d r l s n . T h e h o u s e ' _ n = ' r i c h s h u n o r l i r v d w a s b y a C h i n � s o o a l o o n . S h e a 1 W a ; r s s e w s ! c l i . n h e e v e n i n g s u n t i l t e n c ' c l o c k , v . c i t ! e n a f t e r t h a t e r e v i a u n a b l ^ t o s l r s e , ; o n a c c r , u n t o f t ` , e n o i n o f r o m t h e s a l o o n . r o s o - r e r h a , _ l : q h ; 7 - . a d e 3 r . e n t f o r , o f t h i s t i v u l t h e c . n o r w a o n � t i f * a d t - , a t h - 1 1 , , U l ' c l o s e ' , ! L s p l a c e f 7 v e r y n _ 4 - 0 : t a t t e n - t h i r t y s s o l i t t l e w h i t e w o r e n . c o u l s l e d s = " N e v e r w a s t h i s a t ; r : e z r e r t t o n c e b n o k n . S h e a n d h e r f o u r a h i l d r a n l . i v a d i n : r a r r e n s f r o m t % , - 3 f a l l o f 1 0 7 7 u n t i l i n F e b r u a r y o f 1 ~ 7 9 l y h a n s h e i s m a r r i e d t o T h c : t ��. 1 a C l a y . ' ' r . C l a y " g a s a t t , , I s t i : - o c a r r . , , a n ; ; t h e * n a i l Page 6 on saver shoes from Indain Vall ev to Warrens, had been act for the 15th of Feb. All prspara asss-n-bled in goodly number waiting for •``r. C1 unuereaally hard all the way dul-Ing this trip, ding night, was spent out in the lon- -ly cabin sort of bod, The bride spent the night and th the least idea wheat might have hAppaned to hi and on the third daffy after his wedding date h and all miners and friends likewise celebrate distance of 115 milos. Their' wedding Lone h .d be-m n ode and the friends ware y to arrive. ii traveling had beep D the night �'. +..t was sa�-Yosad to ba ::is wed - where the mail carriers had food, and a nzct day 1':1 { r c;at anxiety, as she h do t Y �n were sem•r out to look for r"r. Clay arrived in *4&rrens. That' has the wedding Elisabeth at this•time realised than the children would soon be old enough to wee work for themselves. She felt she weyld like t.o rove! where they could be on a ranch. rather than for the boys to follow the Orofession of mining, whfth at this time had dwindled considerably. In June 1M a baby girl was born to thin union# later three other chil�ren were borne and lived happily in this hose. This same fall of 185'0 she persuaded her husband to move she and the children out to the Valley of tr':eadows, which he had toll her so r!uch about. They planned that Mr. Clay could continue packing the mail Vius earnin r::oney with which to stock their ranch. They arrived in Meadows Valley in 3eptemoer of 1RP0. At this t ire there was the White, Smith' Stewart, and York fam.iliee living in the Valley. Also a number of bachelors. This was in some ways a vary plaasrant winter as t" different neighbors would got togther and spend many plaasant hours. Howevar, the winteer proved a very hard one fcr Stock, so try spring Mr. White deci:: t to take his fwni.ly back to ston, Mass. from which ,lace they had cm.e. There th_y r. in ,d for two years, glen retu. e<j to Widows, Valley, k r®. rdhite always ramsined as one of Elizabeth's =st loved noij Abom . The Smith Family Awed back to Mi`?aouri And never r3turned. The York family and Stewart families moved to Salubria Valle,-.,,o where they made their homes until they were taken by death. The minters of Rl & 82 were very lonely mintere for our brave iiffli pioneer mother. All other families having loft except here. Powev'er, there were a number of trap;ers in the e��•ey who were R).ad to visit at the fimai .e of .one who a wife and children. s Dur4_ g this tie the far,ily livrad in the °Packor Johnsn Cabin on the banks of the Goose Creek. Here in this cabin the first Territorial Cor"Nnvion of Idaho was held. The children often read the =Tes of the dalogate , •W sic h h&d be-m written on the wind:w easing,+ thus obtAining their first real histoty of the forT,ing of Idaho into a state. yarW tiros during this winter the raothar and chilarori mif:.-u i ::1•; 16.1 !j ; i1;�7%•=11 �: �j t6;-- ani'vals, espeeial.l,r the bears, -'+hick could be seen most rang time. She never allowed the children to Fo far from the house for fear some wild an"l might be rro•:rling shout and attack t�erj. At ni ^ht the tirlber wolves dould be heard howling near their home. These wolves always traveled in packs of frfrn fiva to twenty. !fir long worried nights and days ,ere spent by this courakeo-,ts rrother, while she wondered and Waited for her husband, jp)o vas sti•! 1 c -.rr,,Jn-; the nail b-tweenTodian Valiey era a'ai Bans. Yar::v times he was 4YXU days late on ',.i.s triya, he managed to seen: one night with the family :.n his way out fro!- .' arrena, also 2 n:.t,ht as he .+as or: his return trim. The children were very -_onely and often. cri-.tl ariJ b•ig>>-4 to � ;o b-ck to arrens tirhe t re "iey would have otlh3r chi )_siren to s lay with. ''e ^o --in •! is ~= n:fested the st,,unch t.etermin -ttion of our denser mother. yn the Rurr� er �f 1192 r. Clav move tt-a f ,rnily to t.1�e r-:nch r:ow owned and operated by hin only son, iienry T. C ay. here vis mother w-ms happy and contented as the;T had b icome able to purchase a few. head of indik cows, some chickens, hogs a,:d a team of horses, Pegs 9 f.;Mor a few more yet s f mf it :arrvi ,a, f 4n rlelal aQAition t het hey,r�inht botl:or &t2.y tr'iy e�' i� ;Llde _.1«1L` vl. v3ry i Y3I' ✓A ±41 huaibalrn.d, ancf nierhbors• In the fell of 1892, ;. rs. tiul!& Step+ ;t a._d hors in the valley. This inde d was a ha ;y In siw.seea tha ferilly Yad soon Lary other worriater or e od to tine :xuru, t.nd or s;�e° e tir.e �,rs. "lay h�L the- to aoma cut and talk with the m.Ahur end off and they boaame true friends and n ,-irhbors The next srrinr tho white fcam.ly returned into the Valley. ::&ny are' the hardships thew oculd of from ores horse to the other in tinter thm fr= Father'.n,- J. or dana -as and hasKet eupl: aheaiug for a diets -hoe of tuesl:e5 m ilcs to dark day. r. Clay f, ° t he Baas now in rood enough .sae and Sure for ..1le rorch. ahis vraa3 tho her daa.:1ter, Cott, cone to make their idtiut for i t had be n nevrly two years il3ran. T 1e new f --lily Nas LEA' c,�lj. ee to cc; ax .i,-sr V:,4 Iii rOT! tw- .r�.- aVje .0 rf%V ittIc- c iris eventually the sh mess gore from Lostin, and otyiers b fra.n to ir,..va pionears had to --ace. i:he only way eh ©y v xs car. anuw Aot o j but this iid rct rh4,-, re. .,.ay-.,.Y trans tt,�y tcli of fins; ; all night and tnsu return :acme the next By this time th tams of Lire. Clay hid b�Jn enl:rrTed to a thre,c roo^a mansiono The livlin,r roam was used also .:'or a kitehen, &r.d dinlr,!: room. : huge fire plane eras tnrildt in ono egad of this room; in victor tire;= sh-3n C.no w6citl;er rras very cold, this :car one. of the many oanforts of their home, as huge; pi�:os o1' wood coulJ be piled in the Tire plainer r%nd baside the we.ruth it afforded, it also rau very ahcorful rivin; gut irunch light for the lane ra,:m, t:;astt only had one snail coal -oil !&-up for JA. -�Ite By thin time the %lay'n h,-,d a r.,ir ber ' rood tai 2k c:n�e ar.:.cn 't i- - -S* cared vor, :-rd early e--oh s.rinv A�r. Clav ..oula load $ ?veral pack hersa ^eith bt,tter that his faitnt'ul ell'o had preptired. •dais Wiz. -ror was cock -ad i..to the oamp of ;+:Lrrt-is iii Jro ra ready market, as all the: minors knew i'rsa Olay and were _.rlxi us or :'per b.attar. It was often said cf tte.m that they never "did things by halveb ". r- nythinc� she ever undertook must by thorov; rhly don ". Thus a read mare; -:t at one doll:or per rtxarid, always; axmit:ed her trotter. Thua the ferilly thrived, and n(r.y three r: la and ciao b� had oens to this h "Te, lso the f o,,,r 8tt°sJ —Ohi Idrvn rerai.ied in the 12,m,F j. _!1 vor w +tat thrre - no bilt of di!Seord bt_'treen the two fxri liUs. lim that the >>a'lley nontain -d &.i much as frm ter. to tw: rty , it ^vas oftoia found nooeseary for some medical raid. Ther, wt;s no Doctor wlt'riu several hundred miles Of` t'.a's vally,J. S: ,--RtA GL'•r i'.•...1*'-iz,P_ wit-la :.gIlerA ALDLi l e3c r[t'e , 1.i3 ....! :ae ...i: i';' ;r .3 f: :i �. , ._ you what iul'onr�ation as was avuilvb1N from the rca3in;� Vet manor 74Ars elapsed before she tat being.o 1'-ed on •area. ever Kula one bi-joore ill. She helL)ed brin- into thla world all thkt ba.bius fo a perlod of twenty yews. -eu!y til�_s the i,ruld ba waoa&k ned in the rciddle of the nlr t by sane net4hccr ar:o �iar aic.. She would alwa.us raripond :vith a cheery leug.1i a.1d the re^t-.rk, "Vell what ist trig mn•tt,ur `" then chFt would hurriedly -et into her :lotr.i :r, s.l ltlea tiric tallir__ the oldor girls whet to do and be sure ani tak-- co a of the 1i:t1© ones. l.a,.y times st3 tend ridden ten Qr twelve riles €�t ni�,'rit, tc bc+ wit' sot:, r .)tr,or wc� -vas soon to h-.v:: a rc•a• beby* Nover w ;s tine tire w. ,er- she w_ s toe ;! rod or felt too bred hareelf that ene oould not stogy her arork, and ro to a. friend in dintreea. , i nfj rei-. ,t 9lbm -A :)no O rt110ck it yGUMl u,a..ri :llicd rOr 1-er us t` a :':if`:' tnj.3 ux[.1act- ^r; rt . baby. Its had brought, along an .extra, sadale hor e Lnit t,ud to burro.^ a: stc::le from ho: for the horsee She told hi:a where to rot the sa.d,ile and to nurry, Ani bH ready by he time she got dressed* ae was net very used to sadlline horses, so ;, v—n ne: rent to iaelp hur on, the saddle turned and 1,A her fall. She rot up and a_id, "'1e12, I always lcn<ix th!!)se city ran know kno rruon." 11,5 it -rs.s only about .a mall,, to t ?,sir° h •,cif- Phe told rim to po cr. therm 4 Page 10 ,;.nd hav* the fire built and acme hot crater ro4dy. 5ho sa11 shag would sooner walk than ride a horse he would saddles in du, time ©veOthing was °i..H, and another healthy l,aby girl had been born into this world. i In about the year of 1838, a t( -,rriblt ep�dcmio oi' cUpthr;ria hit trig happy little: ,allay. "`other Clay" as sho rr :s now called' visited ul-,A :rrsd for each one �c troy ,q,-Ajl.d coca down with tl,1s drec.dud di.seuse, •xh cn was L1n,)Lt ctrtain deata. There 'acts a.ardly w // family in the Valley that di(i not loose from ouu to tour children. tor this terrible dise�so the could not find any reli � ', Fltho�zg:� s4 r spirt very spare mcaac�nt $-udving the various oases, and trying; to get just a little light on it. •111 th, time she was tending.. the siok and dying she alae.ys th ,ar:ht, now wh�,n I ret::rn ham naybo some of ray own children may bo either sick or dead :romthis terrible disease, bu:.t ever this did not stop her from oaring : or the sink, b- oasee ehereever there was trcmile: e,-A sorrow she felt it or duty to do xhh►t sho cotald to relieve the destresse r'or weak$ the Brent from h%xae to home doing what she could to relieve those who were w.iffering, and helping; the last hours with those who wore unable to cone through the ordeal* ieot a singles member of her family aver contra.•te,d the diaeas3, nor did she* Along with the eorrcws, also cane many happy ocousions. :,or fmmil.r oontinuad to prosper as the years paseed, and by novr they had accuirod c:nsidurable stock ga.d vue Raking a, very eomfortabl� living. Thus the years slip by until in the full of 1096 her e ever faithful husband, Tommie Clay, was taken in death. Again she took charge of the situation as only a person of her character was able to do* In a few y• srs she &nd the ol-11 r son, z-dward usborne had the farm raying good dividends. Dy this tiro they had ceased to snob the b= --tter into the mining ex-tp, rs there *its a rowdy markot for it ,pit ho:--e, o t ey oo;,ti:nut.a to rilk a xoc.ily rr.:mbhr of cows. Uno day as sne wus oarry'ing out the skinned rhilk to ".ho he .c, Inca ho €, Kser -e6 especially `:f: -ish. �o she, in her --erTxn q -ant said, "Vc3ll, I thinks i •rill fill th'-4 �+ �dket of milk until finally all the ,logo hog up for once*" She packed bucket after b�. except this one hog, still that determination that had folloxed her all o her prevailed, and she kept on fe- dins the hog. Finally she return ©d with a bucket of milk, there the hog lay with all four feet straight in the air. -it looked likts a sure enough well fill,.d 'nog. :+.11 she sr-id was, "'Jell, 1 surs tank-- that hog got all he wanted to eat for once." About this tire in her life of our rash beloved , lisnbath, began ra. ;nv of the modF -rn ohsn;:es. +gin tha old home place instead of th$ th.re,_: room: lc?houss, wa.s built a nine-- roomed, quite mo,larn home* mere she lived and super\ --i—s ed �.he :::Fna in? 02' tiro ha^e until the sprine of 1912 when she b -,orzne ill. -ill meuic:.l aid Kar. , iven her bo.t xhcj could rot wlthetadnd ,shat xus later found to be oan er of storc.ach. 'he 0c;s a }:ati`nt : , t •:. ... ? 4,+ tk.o ,1i ri.r!P Of th,C n .e- rt, C. <t*'�+ 8nd nct v Ar zr tJ CtE2?dr �7 .•`.f /�.. a �R. "�:its,3 . �'y �� worry or grief for any ones Vn August 15, 191E ended the life oz' the once ha_,py little Gerr.: -an girle indeed, she had acme a long way, and many o; her kind acts are still remembered in the Valley of Oes:doawe.