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HomeMy Public PortalAbout352440Clean Water Education Student Activity Workbook Missouri Department of Natural Resources “U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region VII, through the Missouri Department of Natural Resources, has provided partial funding for this project under Section 319 of the Clean Water Act, DNR Subgrant G06-NPS-22.” Clean Water Education Student Activity Workbook 3 Student Worksheet Create Your Own Water Cycle (Activity 1) DIRECTIONS • Formulate a hypothesis about what you think will happen to the water in the jar. • To test your hypothesis, observe your jar over the next couple of days. • Record your observations and use them to complete the remainder of the worksheet. Hypothesis What you think will happen to the water in the jar? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Observations What did you observe happen to the water in the jar? Record the date and time your observations were made. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Describe how the water cycle affects living things. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Name_____________________________________ Clean Water Education Student Activity Workbook 4 Student Worksheet Watersheds—Shapes and Sizes (Activity 2) On the map above: • circle the Black Creek Watershed in yellow, • circle the Deer Creek Watershed in green, and • circle the River des Peres Watershed in red. Name_____________________________________ Clean Water Education Student Activity Workbook 5 Student Worksheet Schoolyard Watershed Walk (Activity 3) Where is the highest point in the schoolyard? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Where is the lowest point in the schoolyard? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Where did you or (where might you) find puddles? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Which way does the water flow? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Draw some arrows on the map to indicate which way water would flow. Name_____________________________________ Clean Water Education Student Activity Workbook 6 Homework Where in the Watershed? (Activity 3) Can you find where your school or home is located in the watershed? Mark their locations on the map. Then answer the questions on the accompanying page. Name_____________________________________ SUB WATERSHED BOUNDARY MAIN CREEK CHANNEL TRIBUTARY CHANNEL MUNICIPALITY BOUNDARY The Metropolitan St. Louis Sewer District Sub Watersheds and Municipalities Clean Water Education Student Activity Workbook 7 Homework Where in the Watershed? (Activity 3) (continued) Do you live in a watershed? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ What is the name of the watershed you live in? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ What is the closest tributary, creek, or river to your house? Circle it on your map. Name _____________________________________ Clean Water Education Student Activity Workbook 8 Name_____________________________________ Student Worksheet Runoff Roundup Site 1 (Activity 4a) At each site, complete a site description and predict how much runoff will occur. Then, test your prediction and record the results. SITE 1 DESCRIPTION: SITE 1 PREDICTION: SITE 1 OBSERVATIONS: To test your prediction, pour five cups of water over the same spot in your site. Observe and describe what happens. ELEVATION (flat, slight slope, steep slope) SURFACE (cement, asphalt, sand, topsoil, etc.) VEGETATION (covered with plants, few sparse plants, no plants) LOCATION (open/exposed or shaded/protected) What do you think happens when heavy rain falls on this site? Observations: How much water was absorbed by the ground? (all, some, none) How much water ran off the surface? (all, some, none) Was your prediction correct? Clean Water Education Student Activity Workbook 9 Student Worksheet Runoff Roundup Site 2 (Activity 4a) At each site, complete a site description and predict how much runoff will occur. Then, test your prediction and record the results. SITE 2 DESCRIPTION: SITE 2 PREDICTION: SITE 2 OBSERVATIONS: To test your prediction, pour five cups of water over the same spot in your site. Observe and describe what happens. COMPARISONS: ELEVATION (flat, slight slope, steep slope) SURFACE (cement, asphalt, sand, topsoil, etc.) VEGETATION (covered with plants, few sparse plants, no plants) LOCATION (open/exposed or shaded/protected) What do you think happens when heavy rain falls on this site? Observations: How much water was absorbed by the ground? (all, some, none) How much water ran off the surface? (all, some, none) Was your prediction correct? Name_____________________________________ Was the amount of runoff in the two sites different? What factors can increase the amount of runoff in an area? Clean Water Education Student Activity Workbook 10 Student Worksheet Runoff and Erosion Experiment (Activity 4b) Record your measurements in the data table provided and then use your data to answer the questions. 1. Which of these surfaces had the most amount of erosion? Describe how you know. 2. Figure out how much water each of the surfaces held. (Hint: compare how much water you put in to how much water came out.) Fill in the table below and circle which one held the most water. 3. Which of these surfaces held the least amount of water? For the next two questions, calculate the runoff rate (volume of water per second) and enter it in the table below. The runoff rate is the water output divided by the time of runoff. Units are mL/sec. 4. Which of these surfaces had the fastest runoff rate (most volume of water/second)? 5. Which of the three surfaces had the slowest runoff rate (least volume of water/second)? Name ____________________________________ Data Bare Soil Soil with Vegetation Impervious Surface Water input (mL) Time to soak in (seconds) Time to runoff (seconds) Water output (mL) Soil Erosion (none, a little, a lot) Land Surface Type Bare Soil Soil with Vegetation Impervious Surface Bare Soil Soil with Vegetation Impervious Surface Clean Water Education Student Activity Workbook 11 1. Grass clippings, leaves, and other yard wastes are left on sidewalks, streets, and other paved areas to be carried off by stormwater. 2. Storm drains are covered or clogged with leaves, litter, mud, other debris and are not labeled to prevent dumping. 3. There is a lot of trash and litter on the ground. 4. Dumpster lids are open and trash, grease, and other leaky liquids can be seen on the ground. 5. Chemical products are used in higher amounts than what is recommended on the label. 6. Paved surfaces are used extensively, accounting for more than 25% of the schoolyard area. 7. Most drainage from the roof discharges onto paved surfaces, or downspouts are connected directly to storm drains. 8. There are several places with bare soil. Soil has been carried onto sidewalks or parking lots. Gullies have started to form on slopes with no vegetation in place. 9. There are few trees and bushes on the property which does little to slow the flow of stormwater. Schoolyard Stormwater Assessment Diagram (Activity 7) Absence of Best Management Practices Clean Water Education Student Activity Workbook 12 Schoolyard Stormwater Survey (Activity 7) Assessment 1—Reducing Pollutants in Runoff Source of Pollution Low Risk—Green (10 points) Medium Risk— Yellow (5 points) High Risk—Red (0 points) Leaves, grass clippings, and other yard waste Grass clippings, leaves, and other yard wastes are swept off paved surfaces and onto lawns away from water flow routes. If possible these yard wastes are composted on site. Leaves and other yard wastes are bagged or piled on the lawn next to the street for collection. Grass clippings, leaves, and other yard wastes are left on sidewalks, streets, and other paved areas to be carried off by stormwater. Storm drains Storm drains are clear of litter, mud, plants or other debris. Storm drains are labeled to prevent pollution and to teach people that drains lead directly to streams. Storm drains are clear of litter and other debris, but they are not labeled to prevent dumping. Storm drains are covered or clogged with leaves, litter, mud, and other debris and are not labeled to prevent dumping. Litter Trash is disposed of properly and there is no litter to be seen on the ground. Trash cans and recycling bins have closed lids and are emptied frequently. There is very little trash and litter present on the ground, however, there are no designated containers for recycling. There is a lot of trash and litter the ground and recycling is not practiced. Dumpsters Dumpster lids are kept closed and are clean and free from grease or liquids. Dumpster lids are open, but nothing appears to be leaking from them. Dumpster lids are open and trash, grease, and other leaky liquids can be seen on the ground. Handling and use of pesticides, fertilizers, and road salts or other deicing chemicals Minimal amounts of these chemicals are used and applied according to the label. Applications of fertilizers are delayed to avoid rain. Applications of pesticides or fertilizers are not delayed to avoid contact with rain. Chemical products are used in higher amounts than what is needed or recommended on the label. Risk Level/ Score ‰ Low—10 ‰ Medium—5 ‰ High—0 _______________ Score ‰ Low—10 ‰ Medium—5 ‰ High—0 _______________ Score ‰ Low—10 ‰ Medium—5 ‰ High—0 _______________ Score ‰ Low—10 ‰ Medium—5 ‰ High—0 _______________ Score ‰ Low—10 ‰ Medium—5 ‰ High—0 _______________ Score Adapted with permission from Home*A*Syst: An Environmental Risk-Assessment Guide for the Home (NRAES- 87). Natural Resource, Agriculture, and Engineering Service. http://www.nraes.org Clean Water Education Student Activity Workbook 13 Schoolyard Stormwater Survey (Activity 7) Assessment 2—Landscaping and Site Management to Control Runoff Source of Pollution Low Risk—Green (10 points) Medium Risk— Yellow (5 points) High Risk—Red (0 points) Risk Level/Score Impervious surface Paved surfaces are minimized to less than 10% of the schoolyard. Alternatives such as wood chips or pervious pavers are used for walkways. Only some areas are paved for activities like basketball courts. Paved surfaces account for approximately 10%- 25% of the schoolyard. Paved surfaces are used extensively, accounting for more than 25% of the schoolyard area. ‰ Low—10 ‰ Medium—5 ‰ High—0 _________________ Score Roof drainage Roof drainage is collected into rain barrels or underground cisterns for water reuse and/or it is directed to a rain garden for detention, where it slowly soaks into the ground. Downspouts and drip lines direct roof drainage onto a grassy area or patch of rocks where water has a better chance of soaking into the ground. Most all drainage from the roof discharges onto paved surfaces, or downspouts are connected directly to storm drains. ‰ Low—10 ‰ Medium—5 ‰ High—0 _________________ Score Bare soil There are few places with bare soil. Bare patches in lawns are quickly reseeded and covered with straw; mulch is used to cover bare soil in garden or landscaped areas. Grass or other ground cover is spotty, particularly on slopes. There is evidence of some erosion. There are several places with bare soil. Soil has been carried onto sidewalks or parking lots. Gullies have started to form on slopes with no vegetation in place. ‰ Low—10 ‰ Medium—5 ‰ High—0 _________________ Score Vegetation Many trees, bushes, and deep-rooted, native plants are present on the property. Landscaping is designed to slow the flow of stormwater runoff and provide areas where water soaks into the ground. Unmowed buffer strips of thick vegetation are left near any ditches and waterways. No areas are landscaped to encourage water to soak in, but there are some trees and bushes that dot the landscape. Mowed grass or spotty vegetation exists adjacent to ditches and waterways. There are few trees and bushes on the property. Landscaping does little to slow the flow of stormwater. ‰ Low—10 ‰ Medium—5 ‰ High—0 _________________ Score Adapted with permission from Home*A*Syst: An Environmental Risk-Assessment Guide for the Home (NRAES- 87). Natural Resource, Agriculture, and Engineering Service. http://www.nraes.org Clean Water Education Student Activity Workbook 14 Schoolyard Stormwater Survey (Activity 7) Scoring System—90 points total 75–90: LOW RISK – EXCELLENT! Congratulations if high points were earned. This means that your school grounds are at low risk of contributing nonpoint source pollution to our streams and rivers. You and your school community are doing a good job of helping to lower the amount of polluted stormwater leaving your school’s property. Keep up the good work and let others know what you’ve learned! 55–75: MEDIUM RISK – OK You may have elements beyond your control that are contributing to polluted stormwater leaving your school’s property. By brainstorming about how you can help to educate your school community about nonpoint source pollution and some Best Management Practices dealing with stormwater, you may be able to make some positive changes to help keep our streams and rivers clean! Below 55: HIGH RISK – TIME TO MAKE SOME CHANGES! There are many ways the school can improve their school ground health! Share your findings with your teachers, principal, and PTA Grounds Committee. Refer to some of the Best Management Practices outlined in this packet. You can also contact some of your local community organizations for assistance with managing stormwater runoff. The agencies that can help include: your local municipality, St. Louis County Department of Health, Metropolitan St. Louis Sewer District, Litzsinger Road Ecology Center, Soil and Water Conservation Districts, Missouri Department of Conservation, and the Missouri Department of Natural Resources. Clean Water Education Student Activity Workbook 15 Action Checklist Chart (Activity 7) Schoolyard Stormwater Assessment Write all high and medium risks below. What can you do to reduce the risk? Example: There is a lot of trash and litter on the ground. Set a good example for others by always placing trash or recyclable items in the appropriate containers. Organize a litter pick-up day and start a recycling program at your school if it doesn’t already have one. Get out the word about being a good watershed neighbor by educating others about proper trash disposal and recycling programs. Adapted with permission from Home*A*Syst: An Environmental Risk-Assessment Guide for the Home (NRAES- 87). Natural Resource, Agriculture, and Engineering Service. http://www.nraes.org