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HomeMy Public PortalAboutHopkinton Annual Town Report - 2018ANNUAL T OWN REPORT 2018 a 0 2 Z 1- u. Q Z Z Q F- z6: ABOUT THE COVER During 2018, the Town of Hopkinton celebrated new building openings and additions. The Department of Public Works completed its move into the new Thomas McIntyre Town Barn at 83 Wood Street, Hopkinton. Elementary school children were excited to begin their first day of classes on August 29, 2018, in the new Marathon School at 129 Hayden Rowe, Hopkinton. In addition to the new buildings, The Town of Hopkinton also welcomed its newest member of the Hopkinton Police Department, "Titan," who is the feature model on our front cover of the 2018 Hopkinton Annual Town Report. A three-year veteran of the Hopkinton Police Department, Brian Sanchioni was selected to be Hopkinton's newest K9 officer and Titan's partner. After 12 weeks of training, Titan is now a full-time member of the Hopkinton Police Department. If you see him "sniffing around," it's all just in a day's work for him! THE TOWN’S TRIBUTE TO VOLUNTEERS: Each year we proudly dedicate this page with gratitude and with much appreciation to all elected and appointed volunteers who serve on Town Boards and Committees. There’s no better way to give back to your community than to volunteer on a board or committee. Please consider offering your time by volunteering. Town Boards and Committees are listed on the Town of Hopkinton’s website at www.hopkintonma.gov. Vacancies are listed on the website at http://hopkintonma.iqm2.com/Citizens/Board or you may contact the Town Manager’s office with any questions. Please be sure to check out the website showing a complete description of each Board and Committee, along with membership details and vacancy information. Whether you have just recently moved to Town or you just find that you may have some free time on your hands – please consider volunteering! In recent years, the Town Manager’s Office has developed a Volunteer Recognition Team where any resident can nominate someone they feel has gone above and beyond and should be recognized. If you know someone who has gone “above and beyond” please consider nominating them to the Team. Nomination forms can be found here: http://www.hopkintonma.gov/index.php Again, thank you to all residents in the Town of Hopkinton who volunteer time to making a difference and adding expertise to a caring community.       2018 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE TOWN OFFICES TOWN OF HOPKINTON MASSACHUSETTS To the Citizens of Hopkinton: The Board of Selectmen respectfully submit the 2018 Annual Town Reports of the Town of Hopkinton’s offices, boards and committees for the calendar year beginning January 1, 2018 and ending December 31, 2018. Please bring this report to Town Meeting on May 6, 2019. For the most up-to-date information on board and committee meetings and agendas, emergency information, events, and news and announcements, please follow us on Twitter or Facebook! https://twitter.com/HopkintonMA https://www.facebook.com/hopkintonma.gov We also encourage interested residents to join us online at http://www.hopkintonma.gov where you can find a full town calendar, online archives and records, and so much more! TABLE OF CONTENTS Town Officers and Committees.......................... 1 Board of Selectmen ........................................... 8 Town Meetings/Warrants and Elections Annual Town Meeting, May 7 th 2018 ............................................ 219 Animal Control Officer ...................................... 13 Board of Appeals ............................................. 15 Board of Assessors .......................................... 16 Board of Health ................................................ 19 Board of Registrars .......................................... 23 Cemetery Commission..................................... 25 Center School Re-Use Advisory Team ............ 27 Community Preservation Committee ............... 32 Conservation Commission ............................... 35 Council on Aging .............................................. 37 Cultural Council ............................................... 39 Thomas McIntyre Barn Dedication ................... 45 Design Review Board ...................................... 40 Department of Public Works Report from the Director ............................... 41 Highway Division .......................................... 43 Sewer Division .............................................. 42 Water Division ............................................... 41 Tree Warden ................................................. 44 Engineering/Facilities Department ................... 47 Finance Department Financial Statements .................................... 82 Salaries ......................................................... 48 Fire Department ............................................. 124 Historical Commission ................................... 136 Historic District Commission .......................... 134 Human Resources ......................................... 145 Information Technology Department ............. 149 Inspectional Services ..................................... 151 Public Library ................................................. 137 Public Library Board of Trustees ................... 143 Marathon Committee ..................................... 155 Marathon Fund Committee ............................ 153 Open Space Commission .............................. 158 Permanent Building Committee ..................... 159 Planning Board .............................................. 160 Police Department ......................................... 162 School Department Superintendent of Schools ......................... 171 Hopkinton High School ............................... 180 Hopkinton Middle School ............................ 202 Center School ............................................. 173 Elmwood School ......................................... 177 Hopkins School ........................................... 175 SEPAC ....................................................... 205 South Middlesex Regional Vocational Technical School District ............................... 209 Tax Relief Committee .................................... 215 Town Clerk .................................................... 216 Town Treasurer/Collector .............................. 332 Upper Charles Trail Committee ..................... 333 Veterans Celebration Committee .................. 334 Veterans Grave Officer .................................. 336 Weights and Measures Department .............. 337 Woodville Historic District Commission ......... 339 Youth Commission ........................................ 341 Youth and Family Services ............................ 340 TOWNOFFICERS&COMMITTEES2018    BOARDOFSELECTMENELECTED ClaireB.Wright,Chair  2019 BrianJ.Herr2021 JohnCoutinho 2020 IrfanNasrullah 2021 BrendanT.Tedstone,ViceChair 2019  FIRECHIEFA–BOS StephenSlaman   POLICECHIEFA–BOS EdwardLee  FINANCEDIRECTORA–BOS VACANCY    TOWNCLERKELECTED ConnorB.Degan 2019  TOWNMODERATORELECTED ThomasJ.Garabedian 2019  TOWNCOUNSELA–BOS J.RaymondMiyares 2019  TOWNMANAGERA–BOS NormanKhumalo    TOWNTREASURER/COLLECTOR A–TM MichaelConnolly 2019  TOWNENGINEER/FACILITIESDIRA–TM DavidT.Daltorio  AFFORDABLEHOUSINGTRUSTA–BOS FUNDBOARD  AmmanHaidri,Chair 2019 IrfanNasrullah,BoSRep. 2019 AngelaLaconeͲRadaelli 2019 ParvathiRongali 2019 BethMalloy,ViceChair 2019  AMERICANSWITHDISABILITIESA–BOS CharlesKadlik,Coordinator CorrespondswithpositionofDirector OfMunicipalInspections AMERICANWITHDISABILITIESACT OVERSIGHTCOMMITTEE A–BOS VACANCY,atLarge2017 VACANCY,atLarge2017 PamelaLoch,atLarge2018 DaveDaltorio,FacilitiesDirector A–TM VACANCY,SchoolCommitteeRep 2017  ANIMALCONTROLOFFICER WilliamJ.Proctor 2019  APPROPRIATIONCOMMITTEEAͲS/M/TC MichaelManning,Chair 2021 ToddCestari 2020 WaynePacheco 2020 RebeccaRobak 2019 ShahidulMannan 2019 VACANCY,ExͲOfficio,CFO  P  BOARDOFAPPEALS AͲBOS MarkHyman,Chair 2023 RoryWarren 2022 G.MichaelPierce 2021 MichaelDiMascio 2021 JohnSavignano 2019  BOARDOFAPPEALS–ASSOCIATE A–BOS MargaretShaw 2023 WalterGarland 2023 JerryTuite 2020 VACANCY 2021  BOARDOFASSESSORSELECTED MaryJoLaFreniere,Chair 2019 LyaBatlleͲRafferty 2020 LesleyFicarri 2021  BOARDOFHEALTHELECTED JenniferFlanagan 2019 ElizabethWhittemore,Chair 2020 MichaelKing 2021    1 TOWNOFFICERS&COMMITTEES2018     BOARDOFLIBRARYTRUSTEESELECTED StanleyPulnik 2021 JuneHarris,Secretary 2020 MichaelMcNamara 2019 MargaretWiggin 2020 SusanPorter,Chair 2019  BOARDOFREGISTRARSA–BOS ConnorB.Degan,TownClerk 2019 BrianKarp 2021 VedaKerr 2019 JanineWheelerͲRistaino 2020  CABLEADVISORYCOMMITTEEA–BOS MaureenBumiller 2020 SamanthaDings 2019 KathleenCuller 2021  CAPITALIMPROVEMENTCOMMITTEEAͲS/M VACANCY 2020 AltonChen,Chair 2023 RamyaKumaraswamy 2023 NateOram 2022 VACANCY 2021  CEMETERYCOMMISSIONERSELECTED JohnL.Palmer,Clerk 2019 ClaireWright,Chair 2020 ThomasPratt,CoͲChair 2021  CENTERSCHOOLREUSEADVI.GROUPAͲBOS RichardFlannery,Chair LOP KennethWeismantel,ViceChair LOP DarleneHayes LOP LauraBarry LOP JohnPavlov LOP ClaireWright,BOSLiaison 2018 RobertDobinski,P&RLiaison 2018 JenniferDevlin,SCLiaison 2018 MichaelAuen,HistoricDist.Liaison 2018    COMMISSIONERSOFTRUSTFUNDSELECTED VACANCY 2019 JanineLeBlanc 2021 MurielKramer 2020  COMMUNITYPRESERVATIONCOMMITTEE A–VARIOUSCOMMITTEES HenryKunicki,Chair 2020 JeffreyDoherty,OpenSpace 2019 F.EricSonnett,HistoricalCom. 2020 DanielTerry,P&RCommission 2019 JamesCiriello,ConservationCom. 2019 GaryTrendel,PlanningBd. 2019 RebekahHoffman,HousingAuthority2019 RonaldClark,ViceChair 2019 AlfredRogers 2021  CONSERVATIONCOMMISSIONA–BOS JeffreyBarnes,Chair 2021 CarlBarkerͲHook 2020 JanineLeBlanc 2021 EdwinHarrow 2019 JamesCiriello 2019 KerryReed,CoͲViceChair 2021 MelissaRecos,CoͲViceChair 2019  CONSTABLESELECTED MichaelHayes 2019 EdwardMills 2020 FrancisD’urso 2021  SPECIALCONSTABLESA–BOS NelsonGoldin 2020 WilliamPickett 2020 ScottGonfrade 2018  COUNCILONAGINGA–BOS MarilynPalmer 2021 NancyDrawe 2021 DonnaDeneen 2020 EuniceInman 2020 2 TOWNOFFICERS&COMMITTEES2018    DonWolf 2019 JohnPalitsch 2019 MeganCarvalho 2021  COUNCILONAGINGASSOCIATESA–BOS CaroleSlaman 2021 JohnGardner 2021  CULTURALCOUNCILA–BOS SterlingWorrell,Chair 2019 DarleneHayes 2020 SteveSpector 2019 MaryWeinstein 2019 MaryͲAnneGuild 2019 MaryAnsell 2019 TomPhelan 2020 RichardJacobs 2020 JonathanMeltzer 2020 LauraStacy 2020 KellyHagerty 2020  DESIGNREVIEWBOARDAͲPL.BD SueͲEllenStoddard 2019 JeanetteThomson 2019 JeffreyDoherty,Chair 2019 RiaMcNamara 2019 AmyRitterbusch 2019 DeborahFeinͲBrug,Alternate 2019 VACANCY,Alternate 2018  DIRECTORMUNICIPALINSPECTIONSAͲTM CharlesKadlik  DIRECTORDEPTOFPUBLICWORKSAͲTM JohnK.Westerling  DOWNTOWNINITIATIVECIVIC AͲBOS GROUP JackiePotenzone,BusinessOwner LOP MarkOwens 2020 VACANCY  VACANCY,ChamberofComm. VACANCY,LandUse  EARTHREMOVALAGENTAͲPL.BD DonMacAdam 2019  ELEMENTARYSCHOOLBLDG/COMMAͲBOS BrendanTedstone,BoardofSelectmenLOP NormanKhumalo,TownManager  LOP MargaretTyler,SCMember  LOP KellyKnight,AlternateSCMember  LOP CarolCavanaugh,SchoolSuper.  LOP DavidDaltorio,TownEngineer  LOP LaurenDubeau,SchoolPrincipal  LOP MichaelShepard,CommunityMemberLOP JosephMarkey,CommunityMember LOP RebeccaRoback,AppropriationComm.LOP JohnWeaver,CommunityMember  LOP RobertNickerson,CommunityMemberLOP SusanRothermich,FinanceDirector  LOP  EMERGENCYMANAGEMENTOFFICERAͲBOS StevenSlaman,FireChief  FENCEVIEWERA–BOS VACANCY 2015  FIELDDRIVER AͲTM ThomasShaw 2020  FORESTFIREWARDEN  StevenSlaman,FireChief  HISTORICDISTRICTCOMMISSION A–BOS BethKelly,ViceͲChair 2021 JeanetteThomson 2021 MichaelAuen 2019 MaryanneChambers 2021 AmyRitterbusch,Chair 2020 BethWatson 2020 MelanieSmith 2019  HISTORICALCOMMISSION A–BOS MichaelRoughan,Chair 2021 NandaBarkerͲHook 2019 3 TOWNOFFICERS&COMMITTEES2018    F.EricSonnett 2020 JohnPavlov 2020 NancyStevenson,Secretary 2020 JamesHaskins,Associate 2020 BethWatson 2019 ChristineRemby 2019  HOPKINTONCOMMUNITYACCESS&MEDIA (HCAM)BOARDOFDIRECTORSAͲBOS MichelleMurdock 2020  HOUSINGCOMMITTEE(INACTIVE) AͲBOS  HOUSINGAUTHORITYELECTED WarrenJohnson 2019 MarilynPalmer,Chair 2019 NancyKelleigh 2021 ConnorB.Degan 2020 RebekahHoffman 2022  INSPECTOROFANIMALS A–TM ElizabethJefferis 2019  IRVINEͲTODAROADVISORYGROUPAͲBOS AltonChen,Chair  LOP EricSonnett  LOP NancyRichardsͲCavanaugh  LOP JohnCoutinho  LOP PatrickSansonetti  LOP DonnaMcKenna  LOP DanielTerry  LOP  LAKEMASPENOCKDAMADV.GROUP (LOP) MichaelRiley,LakeMaspenockResidentrep FrankHolland,LakeMaspenockResidentrep EvanLowell,atͲlargeHopkintonResident DavidGibbs,AssociateMember MelissaRecos,ConservationCommissionrep RobertDobinski,Parks&RecreationComm.Rep  LAKEMASPENOCKWEEDMGMT.CONTROL ADV.GROUP* A–BOS JaimeGoncalves,Chair LOP CynthiaEsthimer,ViceͲChair LOP DrewLogan,Clerk LOP F.EricSonnett LOP JeffBarnes LOP  METROPOLITANAREAPLANNINGCOUNCIL (MAPC) A–BOS ClaireB.Wright  2019  METROPOLITANAREAPLANNINGCOUNCIL (MAPC)ALTERNATE A–BOS ElaineLazarus  2019  MARATHONCOMMITTEE A–BOS DorothyFerriterWallace,Chair  2019 PoliceDeptRep:ChiefEdwardLee  P PoliceDeptRep:Lt.JohnPorter  P PoliceDeptRep:Lt.JosephBennett  P FireDeptRep:ChiefStevenSlamanP FireDeptRep:Dep.ChiefWilliamMillerP DPWDept:MichaelMansir,HwyMgr P Parks&Rec.Rep:AmyMarkovichP SchoolDept.Rep:TimPersson  P RobertA.Levenson  2019 CharlesWallace  2019 JaneMarieGoodman  2021 RobertMcGuire  2020 MaryJoLaFreniere  2019 JacquesLeDuc  2019 CraigGormley  2019 JeanCann  2019 AdamMunroe  2019 AlexDanahy  2019  MARATHONFUNDCOMMITTEEA–BOS ColleenCharleston,Secretary 2019 CaroleNathan,Chair 2019 Parks&RecreationCommissionRep:2019 AmyMarkovich   SchoolCommitteeRep: 2019 MeenakshiBharath BoardofSelectmenRep: 2019 4 TOWNOFFICERS&COMMITTEES2018    JohnCoutinho MarathonCommitteeRep:   MaryJoLaFreniere  2019  METROWESTREGIONALTRANSITAUTHORITY BOARD A–BOS BrianHerr(BOSREP)  2016 VACANCY  2014  MUNICIPALCOORDINATORUNDERTHERIGHT TOKNOWLAW A–BOS FireChiefStevenSlaman(termcoincideswith TheFireChiefposition)  MUTUALAIDBUILDINGINSPECTORAͲDMI MichaelCrisafulli 2019  OPENSPACEPRESERVATIONCOMM.A–BOS JeffreyDoherty2021 ConservationComm.Rep:EdwinHarrow2020 PlanningBd.Rep:FrancisDeYoung2021 BOSRep:BrendanTedstone2019 NancyPeters2022  PARKINGCLERKAͲTM GeriHolland2019  PARKS&RECREATIONCOMMISSIONELECTED DanielTerry,Chair2021 LauraHanson2020 KellyKarp2019 RobertDobinski2021 AmyMarkovich2020  PERMANENTBUILDINGCOMMITTEE A–BOS MarkGates  2020 DanielMcIntyre,Chair  2020 RobertScott  2019 MichaelDiMascio  2019 DavidGodfroy  2021     PERSONNELCOMMITTEE A–BOS PatriciaDuarte,Chair  2021 GaryRussell  2020 PatriciaSinicole  2019 KathleenLaFlash  2021 CurtisMorrisson  2019  PLANNINGBOARD ELECTED MurielKramer,Chair  2022 DeborahFeinͲBrug  2023 FrancisD’Urso  2020 AmyRitterbusch  2022 FrancisDeYoung  2019 GaryTrendel  2019 CarolDevue  2019 DavidPaul  2021 MaryLarsonͲMarlowe  2023  PLUMBING&GASINSPECTOR*AͲDMI CharlesA.Dabritz  2019  PLUMBING&GASINSPECTOR(ASS’T)AͲDMI PeterZereski  2019 DanielHunt 2019  PRATTFARMMASTERPLANTEAM A–BOS BrianHerr,Chair  LOP GeorgeBradbury  LOP BarryRosenbloom  LOP EricCarty  LOP JamesMurphy  LOP  PRINCIPALASSESSOR AͲTM JohnNeas  2018  PUBLICWEIGHERS* AͲDMI StephenNedoroscki  2019 JohnD.Palmer  2019 JaynneAdams  2019 ThomasMcIntyre  2019 ChelseaAdams  2019 KathleenMcIntyre2019 5 TOWNOFFICERS&COMMITTEES2018    JaimeWright  2019 REGIONALVOCATIONALSCHOOL A–BOS JamieShepard  2020 RuthKnowles  2019  S.MIDDLESEXOPP.COUNCIL(SMOC)A–BOS VACANCY  SCHOOLCOMMITTEE ELECTED NancyM.RichardsͲCavanaugh,Chair 2019 MargaretTyler  2021 AmandaFargiano  2021 MeenakshiBharath  2020 JenniferDevlin  2020  SEALEROFWEIGHTS&MEASURES  A–TM LouisSakin  2019  SURVERYOFWOOD,LUMBER&BARKAͲTM VACANCY  SUSTAINABLEGREENCOMMITTEE A–BOS KennethParker,Associate  2015 JeanGokey,ViceͲChair  2015 AubreyDoyle,Secretary  2017 Vacancy,Associate  2015 Vacancy,Associate  2015 Vacancy,Associate  2015 FrancisD’Urso  2017 MargaretBarton,Associate  2015 MarkStephan  2015 JohnKeane  2017 MargoRoman,Associate  2015 WandaRatliff,Associate  2015 JohnMosher,BOSrep  2015 Vacancy,PlanningBoardrep  2015  TAXRELIEFCOMMITTEE  A–BOS JohnPalmer,Chair  2019 SusanKurys  2019 DavidRolinski  2019 MaryJoLaFreniere,AssessorsRep2019 MichaelConnolly,TownTreasurer P  TOWNBLDGSTUDYGROUP(Inactive) A–BOS  TREEWARDENA–DPWDIR JohnWesterling  2019  TRUSTEES/SCHOOLFUNDAPP’TͲTOWNMTG KathrynTigheAPPTͲTNMTG NancyLagasseAPPTͲTNMTG CourtneyMelloAPPTͲTNMTG JenniferBlakeAPPTͲTNMTG MichaelConfone,TreasurerAPPTͲTNMTG ErinGrazianoAPPTͲTNMTG ElizabethHahesyGetchellAPPTͲTNMTG  UPPERCHARLESTRAILCOMMITTEEA–BOS KennethParker   2018 JamesCirrello   2018 BrianFitzgerald,Alternate   2019 BobSnyder   2020 BarryRosenbloom   2019 EliPost   2020 JaneMoran,Chair 2019 JohnCoutinho,BOSRep   2019 F.EricSonnett,ViceChair   2018 KellyW.Karp,Parks&Rec.2018 DavidRolinski,Associate   2019  VETERANS’AGENT(MetroWestVeterans Servicesappointment)     SarahBateman   2019  VETERANS’CELEBRATIONCOMMITTEEA–S MichaelWhalen,Chair   2020 LindaMuri   2021 NancyDrawe   2020 JamesMirabile   2019 LindaMuri   2021 PatrickAtwell   2021 VACANCY   2021 SeldonMacNeil  2021   6 TOWNOFFICERS&COMMITTEES2018     VETERANSGRAVEOFFICER  A–BOS MichaelWhalen   2019  WIRINGINSPECTOR  A–DMI EdwardV.Hicks   2019  ASSISTANTWIRINGINSPECTOR  A–DMI LouisTravaglini   2019 JamesMelnickJr.  2019  WOODVILLEHISTORICDISTRICT  A–BOS CraigNation   2021 TinaBerlad,Hist.Soc.   2019 AllanConnell,BoardofRealtors   2021 VACANCY,BostonSocietyofArch.Rep.2020 NancyPeters,Hist.Comm.Rep.   2021 PaulLarter   2020 SeanDavan,Chair   2019  YOUTHCOMMISSION  A–BOS DawnRonan,Chair   2019 AlyndraCanty   2021 CaitlinTirrell   2021 JohnSavignano   2019 StaciaFredrich   2021 TracyFerencsik   2019 NatalieLanglois   2020  ZONINGADVISORYCOMMITTEE  AͲPLBD JohnCoutinho,Chair   2019 TedBarkerͲHook   2019 RonFoisy   2019 RiaMcNamara   2019 MaryLarsonͲMarlow   2019 MadhumithaChandrasekar   2019 ElyseBarretMihajloski   2019 CarolDeVeuve   2019 MargaretShaw   2019  7 BOARD OF SELECTMEN/OFFICE OF THE TOWN MANAGER Front, seated: Brian Herr, Irfan Nasrullah; Rear, standing: John Coutinho, Chairman Claire Wright, Vice Chairman Brendan Tedstone The Board of Selectmen and Town Manager respectfully submit the 2018 Annual Report of the Town of Hopkinton. The Board would like to recognize the loss of the following Hopkinton citizens who willingly served the community in both professional and volunteer capacities. Sincerest condolences are shared with all families and friends of the deceased, and our fondest appreciation for the many contributions made to move Hopkinton toward being the town it is today: ●William Barry Hosmer ●Richard “Rick” Macmillan ●Cynthia Ann Chesmore ●Pasqauale “Pat” Baratta ●Kathleen Marie Gross ●David Nelson ●Marjorie I. Wright BOARD OF SELECTMEN COMPOSITION, TERM OF OFFICE The Board of Selectmen consists of five (5) members elected for terms of three (3) years each, so arranged that the term of office of as nearly an equal number of members as is possible shall expire each year. The Board of Selectmen serves as the Chief Executive Officers of the Town. The Board of Selectmen typically meet on the first and third Tuesday evening of each month (when possible), except in June, July and August, when meetings are customarily held only once per month. Each meeting of the Board reserves the first 10 minutes for Public Forum, during which 8 residents can informally bring matters to the Board’s attention. Please visit www.hopkintonma.gov for specific dates, times, agendas, meeting packets, meeting minutes and much more. You may also visit the Town’s website to sign up for email subscription lists that will go directly to your inbox to keep you up to date on Selectmen meeting agendas, public works project announcements, traffic alerts, trash and recycling schedules, town announcements, employment opportunities and so much more! To keep abreast with current events and announcements, please visit: http://www.hopkintonma.gov/home/about/follow The Board of Selectmen serves as the chief policy making board and licensing board of the Town and is responsible for adopting and submitting a budget annually to the Appropriation Committee and to Town Meeting. The Board of Selectmen appoints the Town Manager, who along with the Assistant Town Manager, is responsible for the administration of the day-to-day operations of the Town. The Board also appoints Town Counsel, Police Chief, Fire Chief, and, except as otherwise provided by the Massachusetts General Laws, Town Bylaws, or the Charter, all members are of appointed boards and committees. The Board of Selectmen may enter into agreements with any other unit or units of government to perform jointly or in cooperation, by contract or otherwise, any of its powers or functions. . Board of Selectmen Organization In May 2018, the Board appointed Claire Wright as the Chairman and Brendan Tedstone as the Vice Chairman. The Board also welcomed Irfan Nasrullah who was elected to a three-year term. The Board of Selectmen and Office of the Town Manager would like to acknowledge and thank Todd Cestari for his many years of service and dedication to the Board of Selectmen. The Board of Selectmen celebrated several accomplishments including the following: A. Celebrating Community ●Helping Hopkinton Govern:Approximately 59 residents applied successfully for a vacant seat on a board or committee. The Board of Selectmen encourages residents to come forward and to give back to their Town by volunteering. Please go to: http://hopkintonma.iqm2.com/Citizens/Board/Vacant to check out the latest vacancies or to apply to volunteer on a Town Board/Committee. ●Volunteer Recognition Program Alumni: The Board of Selectmen recognized the many contributions and volunteer service of the following residents, who were nominated by their peers under the Town’s Volunteer Recognition Program: Anne Marcy, Barbara Beale, Jerry Spar, Michael Boelsen, Friends of Hopkinton: Anne Marcy, Pat Lynch, Sandy Sulfaro, Janice Robinson, Kippy Robinson, Marlene Beattie, Joanne Phipps, Paul Whitcher, Dale Danahy, Louis Mongiat, Ann Click, Dave Nelson, Diane Regan, Joe 9 Regan, John Gardner, Colette Cronin, Don Cronin, Pat O’Brien, Pete Edwards, Kim Foemmel, Bill Hamilton, Donna O’Brien, Scott Dryden, Heather Smith, Alex Levine, Abbie Rosenberg, David Krueger, April Galanek, Stephanie Whelan, Kathy Younis, Dawn Mercier, Lauren Mercier, Gail Welsh, Colleen Allen, Courtney Pinto, Keiron Tumbleton, Michelle Kinsella, Kara Dion, Tracy Logan, Diane Kosheff, Marie Marchetti, Diane Bird, Marc Salois, Elaine Alden, Lisa Stevenson, Maureen Tumbleton, Betsy Krueger, Ellen Micallef, Ali Balster, Patrick Welsh, Sue Hadley. ●“Be Prepared” Proclamations: The Board of Selectmen approved 4 Proclamations for Hopkinton Boy Scout Eagle Scouts in Troop 1 including George Daniel Bradbury, Joseph Harrison, Gabriel I. Lopez, Zachary Ritterbusch, and Girl Scout Gold Award recipients Melissa Hayes and Grace Darkow of Girl Scout Troop #72233 for projects which inspired STEM interests in young girls. ●“A Community Well-Managed”: The Board recognized Don MacAdam, Conservation Administrator, for the Conservation Administrator of the Year award from the Massachusetts Association of Conservation Commissions, Denise Hildreth, Director of Youth and Family Services, who received the Unsung Hero Award in June 2018 from the Massachusetts Commission on the Status of Women, and John Neas, Principal Assessor, who received the Robert Ellia Executive Director Scholarship from the Massachusetts Association of Assessing Officers. The Board also recognized Sarah Bateman, Veterans Service Director in recognition of the Veterans District of the Year award for outstanding services, and John Westerling, Director of Public Works, who is the president of the New England Chapter of the American Public Works Association. The New England Chapter received the Presidential Award for Chapter excellence in recognition of its outstanding contributions and service to its membership, profession and community. The Board of Selectmen recognized DPW Heavy Equipment Operator James “Russ” Lukey for his 30 years of service working for the Town of Hopkinton.The Board of Selectmen welcomed 13 new Town Hall employees in 2018, including Chief Financial Officer/Finance Director, Timothy O’Leary; Town Accountant David Nalchajian; Procurement & Grants Manager Ben Sweeney; Network Systems Administrator Jason Hill; Police Officers Benjamin Stickney, Derek J. Morton, Moira (Molly) McGaffigan, Jay Diana, Preston Mucciarone and Ryan Polselli; Firefighters John deRivera and Maxwell Israeloff; John Corridon who was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant in the Fire Department; and Principal Planner Georgia Wilson. In addition, the Board welcomed the promotion of Senior Services Director Amy Beck. ●Legislative Partnerships and Networking:The Board of Selectmen received special visits from the offices of Senator Karen E. Spilka and Representative Carolyn Dykema in April 2018 and Metrowest Medical Center CEO Mr. Jeffrey Liebman in June 2018. B. Enhancing the Town’s Economic Vitality Ɣ The Town retained its AAA credit rating, reducing the Town’s borrowing costs. ●The Board of Selectmen and staff successfully executed the Marathon Invitational Entry program, increasing local participation by and benefits to Hopkinton civic groups and residents which raised a total of $306,619.06 for local civic organizations (2018), an increase of $28,711.94 from last year (2017). 10 2018 LICENSING LICENSE TYPE # ISSUED (2018) Parade Permits (14) Special Temporary Alcohol License (15) Entertainment (One Day)/Sunday License (1) Carnival Entertainment (One Day Event) (2) Renewals: Section 12 All Alcohol &Section 12 Wine & Malts (14)* 1 pending Farmer’s Pouring Permit (1) Section 15 All Alcohol & Section 15 Wine & Malts (5) Common Victualer (14) Class I & II (5) Municipal Street License (1) Livery/Limo (1) New Licenses Issued - 2018 Hop Yo, Inc. Hopkinton Donuts, LLC, Muffin House, Waterfresh Farm (Common Victualer only) New License pending Bittersweet Co. (Section 12 Wine & Malts) Licenses Surrendered/Business Closed *((2) Waterfresh Farm/Bittersweet Co. *Waterfresh Farm held an alcohol license, surrendered it, applied for a Common Victualer license and subsequently closed. The Board of Selectmen held several Public Hearings during the year including: Alcohol and Entertainment License application Public Hearings; Street Acceptance; Water & Sewer Rates; Greyhound Friends; Grants of Locations and Tax Classification Hearings. 11 C. Investing in Town Infrastructure ●Received the recommendations of the Center School Reuse Advisory Team to investigate future uses of the Center School property. ●Secured Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) funding for Main Street Corridor improvement funding. The project progressed to 75% design and its funding is in the FY 19 TIP program. D. In Support of Good Governance Ɣ Coordinated the promulgation of Hopkinton Senior Tax Relief Act adopted by the Commonwealth on August 22, 2018. ●Adopted the Entertainment and Amusement policy on March 27, 2018, to ensure that establishments and events licensed to provide entertainment are operated responsibly so as to protect the public safety, health or order; and to maintain strong and consistent enforcement of all laws and regulations. Support for the Board of Selectmen/Town Manager comes from the office of the Town Manager and includes Town Manager Norman Khumalo, Assistant Town Manager, Elaine Lazarus and Executive Assistant Maria Glynn. The Board of Selectmen would like to extend its deepest appreciation to all Town volunteers and employees for their efforts, time and energy during 2018. We ask you to consider honoring those who have served to make Hopkinton the Town it is today. The best way to do so is by volunteering and helping to shape the future of our community to meet our collective goals. Good government requires broad participation, and the best outcomes are always achieved through the voices of many coming together in a constructive manner. All Town residents are welcomed to fill out an application to volunteer at http://hopkintonma.iqm2.com/Citizens/Board/Vacant or contact the Town Manager’s office at (508) 497-9701 for more information. Respectfully submitted, Claire Wright, Chairman Brendan Tedstone, Vice-Chairman John Coutinho Brian Herr Irfan Nasrullah 12 HOPKINTON ANIMAL CONTROL DEPARTMENT The Hopkinton Animal Control Officer is available Monday through Friday during regular Town Hall business hours. Please be aware Hopkinton Animal Control is a one-person, part time Department and may be serving other customers. If the phone is not answered right away, please leave a message at 508-497-9735 or email bproctor@hopkintonma.gov. The Animal Control Officer will return your call the same day. For EMERGENCIES only outside of regular Town Hall business hours, please contact the Hopkinton Police Department at 508-497-3402 extension #2 for direct service. LEASH LAW; All dogs in the Town of Hopkinton are required to be on a leash, or on the owner's premises, between the hours of 7:00 AM and 8:00 PM. Even though the leash law ends after 8:00 PM, dogs cannot be a nuisance to neighbors. Disorderly dogs are subject to the fining schedule outlined below. Hopkinton Animal Control encourages all residents to work out disputes in a civil, neighborly fashion. All dogs to be found in violation of the leash law and are picked up by the Animal Control Officer or are repetitively disorderly are subject to the following fines: Pick Up Fee: $15.00; 1st offense: $25.00; 2nd offense: $50.00; 3rd offense: $75.00 and subject to a public hearing. In order to retain your dog, you must have a valid dog license and a valid rabies certificate. To register your dog, please click here for online forms or call the Town Clerk at 508-497-9710. ANNUAL LICENSING: All dogs must be re-licensed each year Jan 1st - Mar 31st In order to obtain a license you must have a valid rabies certificate and a spay/neuter certificate. Annual licenses go on sale on January 1st. All dogs must wear their license and rabies tags: All dogs 6 months or older must be licensed; Dogs who have just moved to Town have 30 days to license; and A new dog over 6 months have 30 days to license. You can do this at any time of the year at the Town Clerk's office by clicking here for the online form or calling the Town Clerk at 508-497-9710. A LATE fee of $25.00 will occur to all dogs licensed after March 31. DOG BITES & ANIMAL BITES: All dog and animal bites must be reported to the Animal Control Officer immediately at 508-497- 9735. 13 WILDLIFE: Wildlife is protected by the State of Massachusetts Department of Fisheries and Wildlife. Contact: Westborough Fisheries and Wildlife -508-792-7270 (questions). Some general parameters to consider:. State law prohibits the removal or relocation of wildlife. The Animal Control officer can dispose of wildlife if it is suspicious of having rabies. - Problem Animal Control officers (P.A.C.), with the proper wildlife certificates, can remove nuisance wildlife. If a human has been exposed to Wildlife, Animal Control recommends you see your physician immediately. Please contact the Police Department and the Animal Control Officer. If your pet has been exposed to Wildlife, we recommend you see you veterinarian and contact the Animal Control Officer, It is not unusual for wildlife to be out during the day, as wildlife is on the move more and more every day due to encroachment. Please be aware of your surroundings. Please don't feed the any wild animals! ANIMAL INSPECTOR Elizabeth Jefferis (303) 229-1338 ejefferis@hopkintonma.gov The primary duty of the Animal Inspector is the control of rabies. The Animal Inspector that issues quarantines and determines the severity of risk to the virus. Additionally, the Animal Inspector is responsible for annual barn and livestock inspections per Massachusetts General Laws, Chapter 129. The Inspector is also responsible for inspections of any out of state imports such as cattle or llamas. The Municipal Animal Inspector may also be called to assist with quarantines of domestic animals in case of an outbreak of any particular disease in the local area. Questions about Human Exposure Risk to Rabies should be directed to the Massachusetts Department of Epidemiology at (617) 983-6800. 14 BOARD OF APPEALS The Board of Appeals is a quasi-judicial administrative board that hears and decides zoning related appeals, applications for special permits, and petitions for variances pursuant to its authority under MGL c. 40A, and applications for affordable and low income housing projects pursuant to its authority under MGL c. 40B. The Board has jurisdiction to hear appeals filed by any person aggrieved by reason of his or her inability to obtain a building permit or enforcement action from the Director of Municipal Inspections, or by any person, including an officer or board of the town, aggrieved by a written order or decision of the Zoning Enforcement Officer, the Planning Board with respect to decisions under site plan review, and the Historical Commission with respect to delays of demolition permits. The Board of Appeals generally schedules public hearings on the 2nd and 4th Wednesday of each month at 7:00 PM in the Selectmen’s Hearing Room at Town Hall. Additional information regarding the Board of Appeals is available on the Town’s web site at www.Hopkintonma.gov. Persons filing with the Board of Appeals are strongly encouraged to visit the Board’s web pages and the “Questions & Answers” section prior to filing any request for relief with the Board. In 2018, the Board of Appeals issued 16 decisions, and some form of relief was granted in a majority of cases. Decisions granting relief were issued in the following categories – 20 Special Permits (40A), and 7 Variances. In accordance with state law, decisions of the Board of Appeals are timely filed with the Town Clerk within 100 days of the initial filing of the request for relief in the case of Appeals and Petitions for Variances, and within 90 days following the close of the public hearing in the case of Applications for 40A Special Permits. Decisions relating to Applications for 40B Comprehensive Special Permits are timely filed with the Town Clerk within 40 days after the close of the public hearing. These deadlines may be extended at the request of the party requesting relief, and on more complex filings this frequently occurs to enable the applicant to file additional pertinent information with the Board. Notwithstanding, public hearings for an overwhelming majority of cases are concluded on the first night. We wish to thank all Town departments and committees who have assisted the Board during the past year, with special thanks to the employees within the Department of Land Use, Planning and Permitting. We extend special thanks to Elaine Lazarus, the Director of Land Use and Town Operations, Charles Kadlik, the Director of Municipal Inspections and Zoning Enforcement Officer, Michael Shepard, the Building Inspector and Adina Wright and Cobi Wallace, for their continued service and dedicated commitment. Respectfully Submitted, Mark J. Hyman, Chairman G. Michael Peirce, Vice Chairman John Savignano Rory Warren Associate Members: Margaret Shaw, Clerk Gerald Tuite 15 BOARD OF ASSESSORS Every year is a challenging and exciting year for the department because of the nature and scope of the work that has to be completed on a timely basis and every year is also filled with accomplishments and satisfactions. Statement of Purpose The Assessors’ office serves the taxpayers of Hopkinton by providing fair and equitable assessments of real estate and personal property taxes. The Assessors’ office is responsible for tax assessments that fund 70% ± of the Town’s budget. The office functions as part of the Hopkinton Finance Department and must comply with the Massachusetts General Laws in a number of matters. The office is regulated by and under the scrutiny of the Massachusetts Department of Revenue. Real estate values are analyzed and adjusted annually to reflect full and fair cash value as of January 1 of the preceding calendar year. Business taxpayers, other than those with Tax Incentive Financing Agreements or that are registered manufacturing corporations, are assessed personal property taxes on their non-exempt machinery, equipment, furnishings, and inventory as of January 1 of the preceding calendar year. Personal property accounts are reviewed and updated annually. The Assessors’ office also has responsibility for administration of property tax exemptions for individuals who qualify for reasons such as age, blindness, and military service; and for the processing of motor vehicle excise tax adjustments and abatements. The Assessors’ office provides assistance regarding valuation and exemption matters to residents of Hopkinton, various town departments, attorneys, real estate appraisers, real estate brokers and surveyors. Accomplishments Ɣ Less than 1% (39 of 6,701) of the total real estate parcels and personal property accounts for Fiscal Year 2018 were contested as to valuation, with only 5 cases appealed to the Appellate Tax Board Ɣ Added several new residential property accounts to the assessment roll and added $131 million in new growth assessed values generating additional tax revenue of $2.2 million Ɣ Administered 75± personal exemptions from the real estate tax: 30± exemptions from the Community Preservation Act (CPA) tax surcharge; 3 tax deferrals from the real estate tax; and 50 senior work offs from the real estate tax Ɣ Managed the Fiscal Year 2019 certification year tax rate process and received approval from the Massachusetts Department of Revenue permitting the timely mailing of the actual tax bills 16 Goals Ɣ Obtain timely approval of the interim year adjustments to the assessed property values from the Massachusetts Department of Revenue and participate with others to insure that Fiscal Year 2020 tax bills are timely mailed Ɣ Management of the tax overlay to accommodate all FY 2019 property tax exemptions and abatements Ɣ Manage the cases that are currently on appeal with the Appellate Tax Board Ɣ Participate with others to monitor new construction, both active and planned, and assess or forecast new growth taxes, as applicable Statistical Facts and Figures Tax Rate for FY 2019 $17.17 per $1,000 of value Real Estate Number of tax bills issued 6,778 Total taxable valuation $3,801,519,270 Total taxes $65,272,086 Total CPA surcharge $1,105,142 Number of single family homes 4,437 Average home valuation $599,500 Number of condominium homes 970 Average condominium value $399,200 Personal Property Number of tax bills issued 367 Total taxable valuation $180,150,790 Total taxes $3,093,189 Motor Vehicle Excise Number of tax bills issued 18,604 Total taxes $3,410,112 The office staff consists of Principal Assessor John H. Neas, MAA, RMA, CMA; Deputy Assessor Ruth T Anderson, MAA; and Administrative Assistant Stuart Carter. Mr. Neas can be reached by e-mail at: jneas@hopkintonma.gov. Ms. Anderson can be reached at randerson@hopkintonma.gov and Mr. Carter can be reached at scarter@hopkintonma.gov. The Board commends the staff members for their accomplishments, commitment to continuing education, and proactive approach and dedication to the varied responsibilities within the department. John serves on the Executive Board of the Massachusetts Association of Assessing Officers and has been nominated for the President-Elect position; Ruth serves on the Executive Board of the Middlesex County Assessors Association; and Stuart has completed three of the required courses for the MAA Designation. 17 The Boa Mary Jo knowledg insight an The Boa intereste schedule rd of Asses LaFreniere, ge about the nd interest a rd meets us d residents e: sors consist MAA, and e role of the at the meetin ually every o to attend. ts of three H Lya Batlle-R e Board and ngs and thro other week a The Asses Hopkinton re Rafferty. Th the statutor ughout the y at posted op ssors’ office esidents who he Board me ry requireme year is appre pen meetings is open to o are electe embers have ents of the p eciated by th s, and the b the public d: Lesley Fi e a great de position and he staff. oard encour on the follo icarri, eal of their rages owing 18   BOARD OF HEALTH The mission of the Health Department, working under the direction of the Board of Health, is extensive and includes: Ɣ promotion of community wellness Ɣ enforcement of federal, state and local regulations that promote public and environmental health Ɣ community education The Health Department licenses funeral directors and issues burial permits. Additionally, the Department licenses and inspects food establishments, mobile food trucks, temporary events, caterers, daycares that serve food, schools, pools, beaches, camps, trash and septage haulers, septic systems, septic installers, portable toilets vendors, tattoo practitioners and establishments and tobacco retailers. The department oversees the installation of wells and septic systems. The Board of Health is comprised of three elected members who serve overlapping three-year terms. The members include Chairman Elizabeth (Lisa) Whittemore, Vice-Chairman Michael King and member Jennifer Flanagan. Mr. Shaun McAuliffe, R.S., replaced Mr. Wirtanen on July 31, 2017. Mrs. Nidia Ruberti LaRoche is the department’s full-time Administrative Assistant. Part-time contractual agents providing health and environmental consulting, and support services include the Health Agent Bryan Besso, RT(R), the Food Inspector Amanda Maltz, the Tobacco Inspector Elliot Brown and the Public Health Nurse Ann LaBonte, R.N. On-Site Sewage Disposal Systems The Board of Health reviewed 137 engineered plans for subsurface wastewater disposal systems. The Agent witnessed soil testing at over 34 sites for new system construction. A total of 111 septic system permits were issued, 10 permits were issued for abandonment of systems and 26 permits were issued for component repairs to existing septic systems. A total of 118 Building Permit Applications were reviewed. Installer’s licenses were issued to 36 individuals and 29 Septage and Trash Haulers were issued to firms to transport sewage. The office conducts inspections on all permits issued to ensure that Title 5 standards and local regulations are met for all on-site sewage disposal systems. Property transfer inspection reports (Title 5) totaled 167 for the year. Failing septic systems are investigated, and corrective action is planned to insure the protection of public health. A total of 8 failed systems were identified in 2018. Mitigation activities are underway at all of them. Community Septic Management Loan Program Financial assistance is available to homeowners through a Community Septic Management Loan Program (CSMLP) administered by the Board of Health. This loan program was established in 1999 and offers low-interest loans at 2% to Hopkinton residents to correct their failing septic systems. Loan funding is supplied by the Massachusetts Water Pollution Abatement Trust (WPAT) through the Department of Environmental Protection. Any town resident seeking more information about this Loan Program should contact the Board of Health office at (508) 497-9725. Water Wells The health department reviews private well installation/deepening plans for drinking water and irrigation wells, witnesses the water quantity testing to ensure that an adequate water supply is met, and reviews comprehensive analytical reports for potential contaminants on all new private 19   wells. The office issued 12 permits for new wells. Prior to the transfer of ownership of the property and if the testing has not been conducted within the last five (5) years, Town regulations require comprehensive water quality testing at homes that are supplied by a private well; copies of test reports should be submitted to the office. The department recommends that residents test their wells at least every five years for bacteria and chemicals in order to verify the quality of their drinking water. Disease Prevention The Salmon Visiting Nurses Association (VNA) of Milford, MA provides professional nursing services to the Town and investigates cases of mandatory reportable communicable diseases within the Town of Hopkinton. The VNA provides follow-up with the patient, the Department of Public Health, and often with hospital staff on all mandatory reportable diseases. Annual education and outreach focus on the baseline disease tracked by the Department of Public Health. The department partnered with AFC Urgent Care and offered 2 flu clinics at the Hopkinton Senior Center and 1 at the School Department this past fall. The Town participates in the Central Massachusetts Mosquito Control Project (CMMCP), a program that monitors mosquito activity, tests for the presence of infected mosquitoes, and performs activities to reduce the mosquito population, such as spraying limited areas, larviciding, reducing mosquito-breeding areas, and responding to resident’s complaints. Information for residents on the project is available year-round at the Board of Health office or at cmmcp@cmmcp.org. The Board will be collaborating with the University of Massachusetts and governmental agencies to educate the public and develop risk reduction strategies to reduce the amount of tick-borne disease within the community. The Health Director is the Burial Agent for the Town. A total of 48 Electronic Burial Permits were issued in 2018. The Department utilizes data from the permitting process and from the Department of Public Health to track disease trends within the Town and establish interventions that will improve wellness. Food Establishment Permitting and Inspections All permanent food establishments are required to be permitted by the Board of Health, and must be inspected, at a minimum, two times per year. Temporary food establishments, such as those associated with the Boston Marathon, PolyArts Festival, Family Day and the Farmers Market, are also permitted and inspected. Follow-up inspections occur when violations are noted, and to ensure compliance with the Food Code including the food allergy notice requirements. The Board investigates all complaints received regarding food services or food products; a total of 5 complaint inspections were conducted. A total of 123 routine inspections were performed in 2018. Recreational Swimming and Camps for Children All public swimming pools must be inspected and permitted by the Board of Health prior to use. The Board of Health permitted 10 public pools in 2018. A comprehensive camp inspection was conducted, and permits issued for the one recreational camp for children that operated in the summer of 2018. 20   Parks and Recreation monitors bacteria levels for water quality at Sandy Beach at Lake Maspenock on a weekly basis during the swimming season. The results of this testing are reviewed by the Board to insure swimming standards are met. The results are submitted to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Department of Public Health for annual review. Tobacco and Opioid Control The Board of Health is collaborating with Youth and Family Services, Hopkinton Organizing for Prevention and the Hopkinton Public Schools to educate the residents and employees of the community on the risks of tobacco and opioid use. On April 23, 2018, the Board, adopted to increase the Tobacco age from 18-21 which became effective on July 1, 2018 in hopes to reduce the incidence of tobacco use in Hopkinton schools. The Board also collaborated with the Hopkinton Public Schools and Youth and Family Services to develop a vaping intervention program. On June 1, 2018, the MetroWest Health Foundation awarded the Health Department a grant in the amount of $18,682.00 to reduce non-tobacco nicotine product use in school-aged children within the Town of Hopkinton. Family Services and Wellness The Board of Health collaborated with Youth and Family Services and Project Just Because to address family needs within the community. Through this collaboration, Project Just Because is providing perishable food donations to the community. The Board will continue working directly with Project Just Because to increase its non-perishable donations within the community. On June 19, 2018, the Foundation for MetroWest awarded the Health Department a grant in the amount of $1,000 to provide summer feeding assistance to the children of Hopkinton. The Health Department partnered with Shaw’s Supermarket to procure FDA approved snack foods at cost. The snack foods were distributed to the residents of Hopkinton through Project Just Because. Emergency Preparedness Planning The Board of Health is collaborating with the Hopkinton Emergency Management group and member towns in Region 4AB to continually improve upon all-hazards awareness and emergency planning. The Board seeks to mobilize volunteers within the town with medical and non-medical backgrounds to support the Medical Reserve Corps. Environmental Risk Management The Board of Health continues to collaborate with Fire Prevention to annually inventory and monitor known environmental risks within the community to protect our air, land and water resources. On April 23, 2018, the Board adopted the reduction of single use check-out bags which will become effective on January 1, 2019. Mercury and Lead Reduction A mercury and lead reduction program was established in Town in an effort to remove mercury and lead from the waste stream and to reduce the discharge of mercury and lead pollution into the environment. Residents may bring their mercury-containing thermometers to the Board of 21   Health, and exchange them for digital thermometers as part of the mercury recycling efforts. The office also accepts button cell batteries and old thermostats that contain lead and mercury. Residents should be aware that fluorescent bulbs contain a small amount of mercury that may be reclaimed, and these bulbs cannot be disposed of in the trash. Residents may drop off their used fluorescent bulbs during business hours at the Hopkinton Recycling Center (E.L Harvey), so they can be recycled. We want to express our appreciation to this business for their support in reducing the amount of mercury going into our waste stream. Goals The Board of Health endeavors to continually improve upon the Town’s health and wellness. An analysis of health metrics for the Town was completed and based upon this analysis the Board and Department have established the following goals for the subsequent calendar years: Ɣ Procure part-time nursing services for the department while exploring the grant-funded creation of a regional public health nursing program with other local MetroWest health departments. Ɣ Partner with Town Leadership and Public Safety Officials to create new and revise existing LNG health, safety and emergency response policy. Ɣ Provide outreach and coordination with both internal and external stakeholders to secure digital solutions that would streamline our processes and reduce overall costs.  22 BOARD OF REGISTRARS The Board of Registrars, as directed by the State and Federal Election Laws and the Secretary of State, provides the opportunity for the voters of the Town of Hopkinton to have a voice in their local government through participation in the democratic process. The Board of Registrars ensures that all elections conducted by the Town are fair and transparent. The members of the Board of Registrars who are appointed by the Board of Selectmen for three (3) year terms are Veda Kerr, Janine Wheeler-Ristaino, and Brian Karp. The Town Clerk also serves on the Board of Registrars. Board members assist with voter registration and cover extra registration hours, as needed. Although, as in many communities, the day to day Board of Registrars’ duties such as the running of elections, voter registrations, changes in voter status, and the annual street listing count are performed by the Town Clerk’s office. Though the Registrars are still instrumental in conducting recounts and holding hearings on election related challenges. There were three elections during 2018, including the May 21, 2018 Annual Town Election, the September 4, 2018 State Primary, and the November 6, 2018 State Election. We in Hopkinton are lucky to have so many dedicated individuals watching over our democratic process and we should all take a chance to thank these individuals for the service they provide the Town. Please contact the Town Clerk’s Office if you would be interested in serving as an Election Officer. All Hopkinton residents who are US citizens, and who have attained the age of 18 by the election date, and have registered to vote by the voter registration deadline are eligible to vote in each election. Residents that are US citizens and between the ages of 16 and 17 may pre-register to vote and will then automatically become registered when they reach the age of 18. All registered voters may vote in person at the polls. They may also vote early within eleven days before biennial State Election, or by absentee ballot if they meet the eligibility requirements. Voter registration applications are available at the Town Clerk’s Office, the Hopkinton Public Library, the Town Clerk’s website at www.hopkintonma.gov, or online by visiting the Secretary of State’s website at www.sec.state.ma.us/. Residents are reminded that they may also register to vote at the Registry of Motor Vehicles when changing or updating information. If you would like to confirm your voting status, please visit the Secretary of State’s website:http://www.sec.state.ma.us/VoterRegistrationSearch/MyVoterRegStatus.aspx. 23 Precinct No. Active Inactive Non-Voter Grand Total 001 2941 303 1532 4776 002 2661 267 1125 4053 003 2637 276 1246 4159 004 2577 210 1237 4024 Grand Total 10816 1056 5140 17012 Respectfully submitted, Connor B. Degan Town Clerk/Registrar of Voters A count of Hopkinton residents by Precinct as of December 31, 2018 follows: 24 CEMETERY COMMISSION The Hopkinton Cemetery Commission is an elected, three member board charged with overseeing the town’s cemetery needs. Offering cemetery space and services is an important municipal function which towns are required to provide their citizens under Massachusetts law. The town has sufficient burial space for the present time in the lower section of Mt. Auburn Cemetery. An adjacent 2.5 acre parcel was purchased in 2015 to meet future demands, and the planning process should begin in a few years to ensure that the land is ready to be used when it is needed. Lot Buy-Back A Commission objective is to steward our existing cemetery space and maximize its use. To that end, the Commission has established a lot-buy-back fund to enable the town to repurchase from deed holders previously sold cemetery lots that are no longer wanted. In this way, cemetery space will not be wasted by being unnecessarily left vacant. In the past year, several lots were repurchased under this program. Cemetery Records On-line All of Hopkinton’s public cemetery records are now available on-line, thanks to generous funding from the Community Preservation Act for the Cemetery Records Digitization Project. Phase I was carried out in 2016-17 and involved scanning and transferring to digital format, with microfiche backup, all of our vulnerable paper records – some centuries old – into a safer, modern medium that will preserve them for the 21st century and beyond. In 2018 we completed Phase II, making all of the town’s cemetery records accessible on-line, in searchable form, through the town’s website. Provision of all the town’s cemetery records in an electronic format is an invaluable resource for personal inquiry, family history, and genealogical research. The records can be accessed on the Town of Hopkinton website, either through the eGov tab to Cemetery Records or by going to the Cemetery Commission website under Boards and Committees. Our sincere thanks go to IT Director Josh Grossetti for his patience and perseverance during the development of this new public resource. Gettysburg Plaque 25 On Memorial Day 2018, a plaque inscribed with the Gettysburg Address was installed and dedicated at the Soldiers Mound at Mt. Auburn Cemetery. It was donated by longtime Hopkinton resident Len Holden and was cast from the original belonging to the Washburn Estate, which stood on East Main St. The Gettysburg plaque was installed on a granite mounting created by Mike Whalen and was presented to the town on the 150 year anniversary of Memorial Day. Other Activities Over the past year, the Commission worked with the DPW to install signage at the Bear Hill Cemetery; provided the Cemetery Dept. with artificial turf to improve the appearance of recent burial sites; and made provisions in the Cemetery Rules & Regulations to permit stone benches in lieu of headstones within certain conditions. To learn more about the work of the Cemetery Commission, our site on the town website gives information on our services and projects. Included is a video tour of the town’s historic Comey Chapel, with details on how the chapel can be used by the public for small gatherings. The goal of the Cemetery Commission continues to be to provide for the maintenance, improvement, and expansion of our cemeteries and their related services. Respectfully submitted, Claire Wright, Chairman John Palmer Thomas Pratt 26   CENTER SCHOOL RE-USE ADVISORY TEAM To the Citizens of Hopkinton: The Center School Re-Use Advisory Team (CSRAT) is pleased to provide its Annual Report for 2018. On June 6, 2017 the Board of Selectmen created CSRAT to explore the future use of Center School due to the opening of Marathon Elementary School in the fall of 2018. The Board of Selectmen’s charge to the CSRAT is: The Center School Re-Use Advisory Team will recommend, for the Board of Selectmen’s consideration, a plan for the Center School building and property that will provide the Board with valuable outside viewpoints on the use and development of the property. This plan shall outline the community’s vision for the future use of the property and produce recommendations for the Board’s consideration that align with the aspirations of the community. The CSRAT members are: Chair Richard Flannery, Vice-Chair Kenneth Weismantel, Laura Barry, Darlene Hayes and John Pavlov. Additionally, there were liaisons appointed to the team; Board of Selectmen – Claire Wright, Planning Board – Frank D’Urso, replaced by Deborah Feirn-Brug in 2018 (alternate: Amy Ritterbusch), Hopkinton Historic District Commission – Michael Auen, Hopkinton School Committee – Jennifer Devlin, and Parks and Recreation Commission – Robert Dobinski The CSRAT developed a Team Plan and Process to guide the Team in its mission. The CSRAT developed an Interim Use Recommendation for Center School that it presented to the Board of Selectmen in January 2018. The CSRAT as part of its mission to get the community’s vision for future use of the property prepared a community questionnaire. This questionnaire was made available to the residents of Hopkinton by having hard copies available at Town Buildings, having it electronically available on the Hopkintonma.gov website and by including it in the Hopkinton Independent. The Team received almost 350 responses to our questionnaire. The Team held its first Public Forums on Saturday February 3, 2018 at 10:00 AM at the Hopkinton Senior Center. The Forum was well attended considering it was a cold Saturday Morning in February. The Forum was recorded by HCAM-TV and broadcast later. It is still available for viewing at HCAM-TV as well as on the CSRAT website listed at the end of this report. After the first Public Forum the CSRAT reviewed the information it received from the questionnaires and Public Forums to determine the community’s vision for the future use and development of the property. 27   The CSRAT invited Town Boards, Committees and Departments to share their thoughts on how the Center School facility might be utilized to advance their mission. The CSRAT then held its second Public Forum on Tuesday June 13, 2018 at 7:00 PM at the HCAM-TV Studios at 77 Main Street in Hopkinton. The forum was held for the CSRAT to report on the input received and to allow a panel of town department leaders to present their space requests. The second public form was hosted by HCAM-TV and supported by eHop. The forum had over fifty attendees. It was televised live, available online, available on Facebook Live for remote participation, and recorded by HCAM-TV for later viewing. After the second Public Forum the CSRAT reviewed the results and realized that they were ready to make a recommendation to the Board of Selectmen. The CSRAT prepared a Report and Recommendation and delivered it to the Board of Selectmen on September 25, 2018. What follows is the CSRAT Recommendation from that report. Center School Reuse Advisory Team Recommendation to the Board of Selectmen The Center School Reuse Advisory Team (CSRAT) makes the following recommendation to the Board of Selectmen (BOS) regarding the Center School building and grounds. The CSRAT recommends that the Center School remain a municipal asset for the town departments, boards and committees as outlined below. The CSRAT reached this recommendation based upon the following factors. 1. The CSRAT has held 20 Public Meetings and two Public Forums. 2. The CSRAT conducted internal questionnaires of Town Departments, Boards, Committees and Commissions that identified needs for additional office and program space that Center School could fulfill. Hopkinton Public Schools – Administration Offices Hopkinton Public Schools identified needs for office space for School Administration Offices that are currently rented. The School Department also indicates that the building currently housing the Special Education Department offices is in disrepair and the offices will need to be relocated. Hopkinton Public Schools – Life Skills Program for 18-22 year old special needs students The School Department identified a need for space to house a Life Skills special education program for 18 to 22 year-old students for whom the School Department is required to provide services. This program is currently housed in two classrooms in the high school. The Superintendent of Schools indicates that this program is ideally located off campus. Parks and Recreation Commission The Parks and Recreation Commission needs office and program space to carry out their mission. The Parks and Recreation Department is currently renting office space and currently operates summer camps and year-round programs at the Center School gymnasium. The Parks and Recreation Commission indicated that they see Center School as critical to their mission. 28   Youth Commission / Youth and Family Services Department The Youth Commission has indicated a need for program space. The Chair of the Youth Commission indicated to the CSRAT that they need the space that Center School could provide to deliver community programs, they indicated they could offer many more programs if they have the space. The Youth Commission and Youth and Family Services Department strongly support a Community Center be incorporated into the future use of Center School. The Director of Youth and Family Services indicated Center School could provide the office and program space necessary for her to deliver needed services in our growing community. Town Clerk The Town Clerk indicated that with the town’s continued growth, he would like to see Center School remain a municipal asset. He indicated with the population growth that is occurring, it is likely that the town will need to add a voting precinct and Center School may be able to accommodate that. He also indicated that there is a constant need for record storage that Center School could also provide. The Upper Charles Trail Committee The Upper Charles Trail Committee (UCTC) has indicated that they could use the Center School property to access a possible trail connection at the rear of the facility. The UCTC also indicated that this would allow them to connect the bike lane that will run from Center Trail through the downtown to the Common that will be created as part of the Downtown Corridor Project. Town Manager The Town Manager has indicated that he sees the Center School Building as an opportunity to provide office space for town departments that are continuing to grow. He indicated that the possibility of sharing office space with the School Administration offers opportunities for having town and school departments that share similar functions to be collated, for example Town and School Human Resources Departments. Public Involvement The CSRAT developed a Team Plan and Process that guided us in carrying out our mission to meet the charge given by the Board of Selectmen. That Team Plan and Process was integral in leading the CSRAT to its recommendation. One of the most important parts of this Team Plan and Process was public involvement. The CSRAT held 20 public meetings and two public forums to gather public input concerning the future of Center School. The CSRAT distributed a questionnaire to residents of Hopkinton to solicit input on the future of Center School. The survey was delivered in hard copy format in the Hopkinton Independent, made available in hard copy at the Hopkinton Town Offices, Hopkinton Public Library and Hopkinton Senior Center. The questionnaire was also made available to the residents electronically via the Town website. The CSRAT was very pleased with the response to the questionnaire receiving almost 400 responses. The results of the resident’s questionnaire indicated a strong preference that Center School remain a municipal asset. The questionnaire results, raw data and summaries are posted on the CSRAT website. See the Appendix of this report for links to the website, as well as questionnaire data, public forum presentations, HCAM-TV broadcasts of the public forums, and other CSRAT documentation. 29   Recommendation for Permanent Building Committee The CSRAT recommends if the BOS accepts the recommendation that Center School remain a municipal asset, that the Permanent Building Committee begin the process of conducting a feasibility study for this project. This study should include a professional study of the building and grounds of Center School and provide the BOS and residents more detailed options for the building’s future use and the costs associated with those options. The feasibility study, when completed, will then allow the BOS and residents a clear understanding of the potential of Center School to meet the future needs of the Town of Hopkinton and the financial impacts associated with it. The CSRAT believes the option of removing most of the 1950s addition should be carefully studied. We recommend the Permanent Building Committee look at removing the 1950s addition (including the Principal’s office) at the junction of the 1928 building and in line with the gym wall. Additional record storage on three levels, a handicapped accessible entrance, and an elevator could be added to the back of the 1928 building in the scar of the 1950s addition. This is the concept shown at our Public Forum on June 13, 2018. This could meet the critical space needs of the town and school departments. We believe that separating the office building from the recreational building provides more functional and separate spaces. This option has the potential to improve parking and traffic flow, add green space, and offer access to the Upper Charles Trail. Team Endorsement of Report and Recommendation to the Board of Selectmen The Center School Reuse Advisory Team respectfully submit this Report and Recommendation to the Board of Selectmen and residents of Town of Hopkinton. The Report and Recommendation having been approved at the CSRAT public meeting on September 18, 2018 by a unanimous vote. The CSRAT presented its Report and Recommendation to the Board of Selectmen at its meeting on September 25, 2018. Having completed its mission, the CSRAT will be dissolved by the Board of Selectmen in January 2019. The CSRAT is very appreciative of the community support and input received. We want to thank those who took time out to share their interests, presentations, and countless hours of preparation time. First, our town hall liaison Elaine Lazarus who kept minutes, calendars, and meetings with town hall officials on point for our Team. The CSRAT thanks the Board of Selectmen for entrusting us to capture this data and the community’s desires for the future use of Center School, and especially to the Chair, Claire Wright, as our liaison to the Board of Selectmen. Thank you also to the committees and boards in the community; their voices were vital to this research: Parks & Recreation, Planning Board, Historic District Commission, School Committee & Administration, Conservation Commission, Youth & Family Services, Youth Commission, Upper Charles Trail Committee, Town Clerk Connor Degan, Town Manager Norman Khumalo, eHop, and the Hopkinton Senior Center who hosted most of our meetings through this process. We also want to recognize the support of our local media partners, The Hopkinton Independent who helped get the public surveys to every mailbox in town, and to HCAM-TV for taping the first 30   public forum, hosting several of our meetings, and covering the second public forum live on HCAM-TV allowing for a real-time community conversation. Center School has served the people of Hopkinton since 1928. With appropriate renovations, this building can continue to serve and meet many needs of the community for decades to come. Respectfully Submitted, Richard A. Flannery, Chair Center School Reuse Advisory Team 31 COMMUNITY PRESERVATION COMMITTEE To the Citizens of Hopkinton Overview The Community Preservation Act (Massachusetts General Laws; Chapter 267) was signed into law in 2000. This legislation allows cities and towns to create their own community preservation funds through a surcharge of up to 3% of the local tax levy on real property. In 2001, the citizens of Hopkinton adopted a CPA bylaw and thereby approved a 2% surcharge to their property taxes. Revenue from this surcharge is dedicated for the preservation of open space, historic sites, affordable housing and passive/active outdoor recreation in the Town. Local revenue is supplemented through the state Community Preservation Trust Fund. Money for this fund is derived from fees charged at Massachusetts Registries of Deeds. In July of 2012, an amendment to Chapter 267 added $25 Million to this fund. The availability of funds depends on two factors; the number of deeds registered in a given year and the number of communities competing for state CPA dollars. Under the provisions of the CPA, a Hopkinton Community Preservation Committee was established to identify the Town’s needs, capabilities and resources with regard to community preservation. The CPC considers proposals made by groups and individuals to ensure they meet the criteria of the law benefit the community and are financially feasible. The Committee then makes recommendations to Annual Town Meeting. The CPC may include in its recommendations a request to set aside for later spending funds for specific purposes that are consistent with community preservation, but for which sufficient revenue is not immediately available. The Community Preservation Committee is a nine-member board which includes designees from the Planning Board, Open Space Preservation Committee, Conservation Commission, Historical Commission, Parks and Recreation Commission, the Housing Authority and three At- Large members appointed by the Hopkinton Board of Selectmen. The current Community Preservation Committee members are: Ɣ Chairman and Member-at-Large Henry Kunicki Ɣ Parks and Recreation Commission Representative and Vice Chair - Dan Terry Ɣ Conservation Commission Representative - Jim Ciriello Ɣ Planning Board Representative – Gary Trendel Ɣ Open Space Conservation Commission Representative - Jeff Doherty Ɣ Housing Authority Representative – Rebecka Hoffman Ɣ Member-at-Large - Alfred Rogers Ɣ Member-at-Large - Ronald Clark Ɣ Historical Commission Representative – Eric Sonnet 32 In 2018 the following projects were approved at Town Meeting to carry on the Committee’s endless and critical endeavor toward the continuation of preserving our town’s historical history in various forms: Preservation of Town Records/Town Clerk’s Office $25,000 ~Historic Preservation The Preservation of Hopkinton Land Records, dated from 1710 to 1843. CPA funding for this project has been approved by voters several times since the initial request in 2006. Conservation Restriction – East Main Street Methodist Church $4,650 – Recreation For the purpose of surveying the land, conveying the conservation restriction, paying a nonprofit to hold, monitor and enforce the restrictions; and other associated costs. Conservation Restriction – Wyckoff Property and Echo Trail $6,200 – Open Space For the purpose of surveying the land, conveying the conservation restriction, paying a nonprofit to hold, monitor and enforce the restrictions; and other associated costs. Conservation Restriction – Welzel Trail $8,655 – Open Space For the purpose of surveying the land, conveying the conservation restriction, paying a nonprofit to hold, monitor and enforce the restrictions; and other associated costs. Security Cameras at Sandy Beach, Fruit Street Fields, and EMC Park $50,000 – Recreation Security Cameras at Sandy Beach, Fruit Street Recreation Fields and EMC Park in order to deter vandalism. Fruit Street Lighting $600,000 – Recreation Lighting at the Fruit Street Recreation Field Turf Field Project $1,000,000 –Recreation and Undesignated Funds Funds for the purpose of installing turf fields on fields 4 and 5 of Hopkinton High school, provided however that no money be used for the acquisition of the turf field Turf Field Lighting $720,000 – Recreation Funds for the purpose of installing lighting at the turf fields on fields 4 and 5 of Hopkinton High school. Accomplishments: 33 The Community Preservation Committee will continue its mission of identifying preservation needs and projects in the Town of Hopkinton and make funding recommendations to the Board of Selectmen. Respectfully submitted, Henry Kunicki, Chairman Looking Ahead 34 HOPKINTON CONSERVATION COMMISSION REPORT The Conservation Commission is required by law to fulfill a number of duties pursuant to the Massachusetts General Laws, the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act (WPA), and the Hopkinton Wetland Protection Bylaw (Bylaw). To fulfill these obligations, the Commission processed applications and conducted public hearings for 123 Notices of Intent, Resource Area Delineations, Requests for Determination, Certificates of Compliance, Enforcements, Emergency Certifications, Extension Permits, and Project Changes during the past year. The Commission also processed 41 Requests for Minor Project Exemptions under the WPA and Bylaw, which improved response time for applicants and freed valuable agenda time for more complex projects. These filings and activities, plus project site inspections, project reviews, public hearings, communications with the Department of Environmental Protection, and informational meetings with residents and developers, occupied the Commission and its staff during the past year. The Commission meets two to three Monday nights per month to meet the requirements of the WPA and Bylaw. Commission staff also spent time responding to requests for comments from other Town Boards and working with other Town Departments on various town projects and concerns. Members of the Commission served on the Community Preservation Committee, Lake Maspenock Dam Advisory Group, Lake Maspenock Weed Management Advisory Group, Open Space Preservation Commission, Upper Charles Trail Committee, and the Zoning Advisory Committee. Major projects reviewed, approved and/or underway by the Commission during 2018 include: Ɣ Commercial Solar Power Array at 147 Lumber Street, Ɣ Commercial Solar Power Array at Cedar Street and Wilson Street, Ɣ Commercial Buildings, 1 Lumber Street, Ɣ Golden Pond, West Main Street, Ɣ Highland Park IV, Stoney Brook Road, Ɣ Hopkinton Elementary School 129 Hayden Rowe, Ɣ Hopkinton High School Artificial Turf Athletic Fields, 88 & 90 Hayden Rowe, Ɣ LNG Liquefaction Replacement Project, 52 & 55 Wilson Street, Ɣ Maspenock Woods, West Elm Street, Ɣ Mobil Gas Station, 84-92 West Main Street, Ɣ Peloquin Estates, Cobblers Way, Ɣ Pulte Homes at Legacy Farms South, Ɣ Pulte Homes at Legacy Farms North, Ɣ The Trails at Legacy Farms North, Ɣ REC Hopkinton, Chamberlain and Whalen Roads, Ɣ Residential Subdivision, 203 Pond Street, and Ɣ Whisper Way Subdivision. The Commission monitors these major projects, along with other numerous on-going residential and commercial projects of various sizes, on a regular basis, working closely with project engineers, managers, and contractors to ensure they’re complying with the requirements and performance standards of the Commission. 35 The Commission is committed to protecting our Town’s valuable wetland, buffer zone, groundwater and open space resources and ensuring compliance with Federal, State and Hopkinton wetland regulations, our bylaw, low impact development, and best management practices. The Commission has worked closely with the Department of Public Works relative to the on-going maintenance of town trees, roads and roadway drainage structures within and adjacent to wetland resource areas. Commission goals include encouraging Low Impact Development initiatives, supporting open space acquisition and stewardship, and continuing efforts to successfully handle all permit applications in a timely manner. The Commission staff has worked diligently to assist the public with understanding wetland regulations and fulfilling permitting requirements, streamlining the permitting process for applicants, promoting environmental stewardship, educating the public, acting as a liaison to other Town boards and committees, and to provide timely information to the Commission on projects under review in order to hold efficient public meetings. The Commission extends its best wishes and appreciation to former member Ms. Jamie Wronka on her past three years of serving on the Commission. The Commission welcomed Ms. Janine LeBlanc as a new member. The Commission thanks the residents of Hopkinton for their water conservation efforts over the past year. The Commission invites the public to attend our meetings, become involved, volunteer, request Commission presentations to aid in local awareness about wetlands, and to provide comments on any of the projects brought before us. Meeting times and agenda items are posted on the Town’s website (www.hopkintonma.gov) and a link can be found on the Commission’s webpage (http://www.hopkintonma.gov/departments/land_use_department/conservation_commission) as well as in the Town Clerk’s Notebook at Town Hall. All members of the community are welcome and encouraged to attend our meetings or to call the Commission Office at 508-497-9745 with any questions. Respectfully Submitted by the Hopkinton Conservation Commission, Jeffrey Barnes, Chair Melissa Recos, Co-Vice Chair Kerry Reed, Co-Vice Chair Carl Theodore Barker-Hook James Ciriello Edwin Harrow Janine LeBlanc Don MacAdam, Conservation Administrator Anna Rogers, Inspections Administrative Assistant 36 HOPKINTON COUNCIL ON AGING The Council on Aging seeks to enhance and enrich the quality of life for adults aged 60 and older in the Town of Hopkinton, by providing activities and services that encourage independence, healthy living, and continued participation in the community. We endeavor to advocate for, design, implement, and promote stimulating programs and services that fill the varied needs of seniors. Hopkinton has one of the fastest growing percentages of senior populations in the Metrowest area. We strive to provide and grow programs that meet a wide range of needs and interests by offering a variety of exercise classes, educational programs (historical, art/music, health related), multiple art groups (quilting, knitting, pottery, painting, and special craft programs), support groups, transportation, day trips, and a daily lunch program to name a few/ The Senior Center continues to celebrate Hopkinton’s veterans with a monthly breakfast in their honor. Our annual art and variety shows celebrate seniors by spotlighting talented artists, crafters, singers, and dancers in the community. The yearly Bocce Tournament with a senior team playing against the Police and Fire department teams is always an exciting event, with bragging rights and trophy held by the winning team. This past year, the Senior Center partnered with the Hopkinton Public Library to create a Memory Cafe that supports individuals and caretakers dealing with dementia, making Hopkinton a community that is more inclusive and supportive of those living with dementia, their families, 37 and caregivers. We have expanded our exercise programs -- adding a Zumba Gold and a beginner Tap Dance classes. Our arts programs have grown to include more specialty classes like Zentangle, card embroidery, and decorative floral projects. Several local area billiards tournaments have come to Hopkinton, matching a Hopkinton team against other senior center teams. We are excited to see new seniors coming in to take advantage of what the Senior Center has to offer, and becoming a part of the “inner workings” of the Center by volunteering. We are fortunate to draw volunteers from across the community -- seniors, other adults, and a growing number of high school and college-aged students have all joined our volunteer ranks. Our wide range of volunteers brings a richness to our programs and community. Looking forward, we are hoping to expand transportation options for Hopkinton seniors and other residents, to expand programs that would be of interest to the Boomer population, and to expand Hopkinton’s identity as a caring and dementia friendly community. We welcome the chance to show you this vibrant and active community and share our many activities with you! Respectfully submitted, Amy Beck, Director 38 CULTURAL COUNCIL The purpose of the Hopkinton Cultural Council (HCC) is to support public programs in the arts, humanities and interpretive sciences which promote access, education, diversity and excellence for residents of our community. This is accomplished by granting funds received from the Massachusetts Cultural Council (MCC), in accordance with state guidelines, to individuals and organizations that will present their programs in our community or local area. We fund a variety of programs each year appropriate for diverse age and interest groups. Whenever possible we give priority to Hopkinton artists/organizations and event that take place in Hopkinton. For 2018, Hopkinton received $4,635 from the Massachusetts Cultural Council. We received a total of 16 applications, approving 8 for partial or full funding. Members of the HCC for 2017 include:, Sterling Worrell- Chair, Mary Anne Guild- Treasurer, Mary Ansell- Secretary, Darlene Hayes, Nancy Lagasse, Tom Phelan, David Roberts, John Savignano, Steve Spector, Mary Weinstein, Barbara Timko, Laura Stacey, Kelly Hagerty, Jonathan Meltzer, and Richard Jacobs. It is the Council’s goal to add new members each year to keep the group’s input fresh, and to allow for broader delegation of the responsibilities. Please contact Chair, Sterling Worrell- culturalchair@hopkintonma.gov to join us or for more information. Respectfully submitted, Sterling Worrell, HCC Chair 39 DESIGN REVIEW BOARD The Design Review Board was established by a vote of Town Meeting in May, 1994. Its purpose is to provide a detailed review of uses and structures having a substantial impact on the Town, enhance the natural and aesthetic qualities of the Town, preserve the value of land and buildings, and to protect and preserve the historic and cultural aspects and heritage of the Town. The Design Review Board members are appointed annually by the Planning Board. The Design Review Board reviews applications for Major and Minor Project Site Plan Review that are submitted to the Planning Board, and makes recommendations to the Planning Board and the applicant. The Board reviews plans in conjunction with design criteria established in the Zoning Bylaw and intends to work with applicants to design projects that enhance and contribute to the Town. The Board also reviews applications for permanent signs and makes recommendations to the applicant and the Director of Municipal Inspections. In 2018 the Design Review Board reviewed 11 applications for permanent signs and the following applications for Site Plan Review: Ɣ 84- 92 West Main Street – Global Companies Ɣ 52 South Street – EMC Corporation Ɣ Legacy Farms North – 180 Unit 55+/ Adult Community – Heritage Properties Ɣ Maspenock Woods – Proposed Changes to Emily Unit Jeffrey Doherty, Chairman Jeanette Thomson Sue Ellen Stoddard Ria McNamara David Paul Alternate Members: Shawn McGuinness Amy Ritterbusch 40 DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS The Department of Public Works (DPW) has the unique honor and opportunity to positively impact residents’ lives on a daily basis by providing many of the necessary services on which their lives depend and by which their quality of life is improved. The DPW provides well maintained roads and sidewalks to ensure safe travel; it provides clean, potable water for safe drinking, cooking, and cleaning; it provides for the removal and proper treatment of sewerage to protect public health; it collects municipal solid waste and disposes it in a responsible manner; it collects recyclable materials and ensures they are properly recycled; and it keeps the parks and cemeteries mowed and beautifully maintained for all to enjoy. All of these responsibilities are carried out by the DPW Team which is experienced, hardworking, and dedicated to the Community. The DPW is comprised of the Administrative Division, the Highway Division, and the Water and Sewer Divisions. The DPW is also responsible for Solid Waste and Recycling; maintenance of Cemeteries and Parks; and the Tree Warden. More information about the DPW can be found on our webpage at http://www.hopkintonma.gov/home/government/departments/dpw. Report from the Director This was a year of successes and challenges for the DPW. The DPW was involved in many exciting, important capital projects that included the dedication of the Thomas McIntyre Town Barn. The DPW moved into the Thomas McIntyre Town Barn at the beginning of the year. The new Town Barn represents the Community’s investment not only in the infrastructure but also in the DPW employees and we are grateful for that investment. The DPW wishes Russell Lukey a very happy retirement after more than 30 years of service to the Community. The DPW will truly miss Russell’s dedication to the Community, his work ethic, and his positive attitude. The following reports from Division Managers highlight many other successes of the DPW. None of these successes would have been possible without the full support of the entire Municipal Team. I thank the Board of Selectmen and the Town Manager, Norman Khumalo, for their leadership and direction. I thank the Administrative Manager, Judi Regan; the Highway Division Manager, Mike Mansir; the Water/Sewer Division Manager, Eric Carty; and the Administrative Assistant, Kimberly Benitich, for their hard work, support, and dedication. I thank the other dedicated, hardworking members of the DPW Team who serve this community every day. I thank the Town Engineer, Dave Daltorio; and all of the staff at the Town Hall for their support of all that the DPW accomplishes. Finally, and most importantly, I thank the residents of Hopkinton for their support and for allowing the DPW to serve this community’s public works needs. Sincerely, John K. Westerling Your Director of Public Works Water Division The Water Division staff is responsible for maintaining eight pumping stations, three water tanks, 668 fire hydrants and 76 miles of water main. Approximately 65% of the town is serviced by municipal water. The Division is on call 24 hours a day 365 days a year. 41 Last year we pumped over 381,000,000 gallons of water. Over 6,000 water meters were read, monthly water samples were collected throughout town and tested for bacteria. We are also mandated by the State and Federal government to test for a wide variety of other contaminants in the water. All of our testing meets the State and Federal guidelines. The Annual Consumer Confidence Report was distributed explaining our water sources, the water treatment, and the water test results. Crews had another challenging year dealing with weather extremes. From the extreme colds of winter to the damaging Nor’easters of March that knocked power out for several days. We then dealt with the prolonged humidity that went well into October. The fall dealt us a never-ending stream of rainstorms that caused flooding issues through December. Early November cold caused a series of water main breaks that were immediately repaired by the Division. We saw the dedication of our much-welcomed new facility and what a great turn out by the public on a rain-soaked day. The new water system blending facility on Fruit Street began and that will enhance the town’s drinking water quality. The Division received its new backhoe that has helped immensely during emergency repairs. We also received an $8,000 grant for the purchase of safety equipment. We would also like to recognize all of the other Town Departments that we work with on a daily basis and thank them for their support and help throughout the year, in particular, the Sewer and Highway Divisions. The Division is committed to continued employee training and education. Employees took several training classes and were re-certified in CPR and AED use. We will look to continue in- house improvements to the system, leak detection, and preserving and exploring for water resources. Thank you also to Mike Fredette, Jed Fennueff, Mat Gogan, Shawn McDonald and Dan Bates for their continued service and dedication to the town. Sincerely, Eric J. Carty Water/Sewer Manager Sewer Division The Sewer Division staff is responsible for checking eight pumping stations along with over 40 miles of sewer pipe. Municipal sewer services approximately 40% of the town. Daily inspections of the stations are conducted to ensure proper operation. The Division is on call 24 hours a day 365 days a year and responds to numerous emergency calls throughout the year. Wastewater flows in 2018 totaled 110,500,000 gallons to the Westborough plant and 18,100,000 gallons to the Hopkinton plant. All of the sewer pump station wet wells were cleaned for proper operation. Clogged sewer pipes were jetted to prevent blockages. The Division dealt with many issues during the March Nor’easters and again in the fall with all the flooding. Crews responded to many late night and weekend calls to make emergency 42 repairs. New Variable Frequency Drives were installed at the Hayden Rowe sewer station so that it will run more efficiently and prevent pumping issues. Special recognition should also be made to all the other Town Departments for their continued help and support to the Sewer Division throughout the year, in particular, the Water and Highway Divisions. Special thanks to Al Lombardi and Jeff Pyne for their continued service and dedication to the Town. Sincerely, Eric J. Carty Water/Sewer Manager Highway Division The Highway Division has many responsibilities to the Town and its citizens. These include pavement management; drainage system maintenance and repair; stormwater management; street sweeping; maintaining cemeteries; maintaining parks and recreation areas; plowing and salting roads, sidewalks, schools, and Town-owned buildings; vehicle and equipment maintenance for several Town Departments; and much more. December and January brought freezing temperatures below zero, high winds that caused three to five-foot snowdrifts on roads and sidewalks as well as several snow and ice storms. Crews worked extremely long hours keeping our roads, sidewalks, and parking lots as safe as possible. During the winter, crews responded to 34 salting events and nine plowing events. A record-breaking temperature of 73 on February 21, 2018, was followed by snow the very next day. March 2 brought us Nor’easter #1 that began as heavy rain, then strong winds of more than 50 miles per hour followed by 2 inches of snow. Several trees and poles came down due to the storm. Crews spent several days cleaning up from that storm. March 7 and 8, 2018 brought us Nor’easter #2 with 11 inches of heavy, wet snow and strong winds. There was a massive amount of damage in town including poles, wires, and trees that came down. Sixty percent of Hopkinton was without power at one point during the storm. It was determined that we were at historic levels of damage in Massachusetts. That storm was in the top 3 of storms in the Massachusetts area as far as electrical system damage. On March 13, 2018, we received the third Nor’easter in 10 days. More than17 inches of snow fell in Hopkinton. Many more trees and wires also came down during that storm. March 21, 2018 brought the fourth Nor’easter in the month of March with heavy, wet snow and 50 mile per hour winds. DPW crews had to deal with a sleet & freezing rainstorm starting at 10:30 p.m. the night before the Boston Marathon. All roads and parking lots had to be treated early in the morning prior to the start of the Marathon. The ice and winds were so bad that the American flags we installed on the Main Street telephone poles were encased in ice and their poles were breaking. Marathon Day was very challenging with the heavy rain, wind and excessive amount of trash and clothing; however, like the runners, DPW crews pushed through it all and got the job done. We had a very successful year with the Pavement Management Plan completing approximately $1 million dollars in road repairs. Twenty-two roads were crack sealed, four roads were reclaimed, and two roads were milled and overlaid. 43 Highway Division employees replaced and upgraded signs throughout town with new reflective signs. This work is part of our annual sign replacement program to stay compliant with Federal regulations. I would like to thank Highway Department employees Phil Schiloski, Gerard Berthelette, Jamie Stewart, Chuck Moore, Paul McLaughlin, Russ Lukey, Dave Armstrong, John Bernier, Chris Dagg, Pat McDonnell, Ray Shehata, Pat Canastar & Joe Arena for all of their hard work and dedication. Thank you to Eric Carty and all of the members of the Water & Sewer Division for their help throughout the year. I also would like to thank Judi Regan and Kim Benitich for her administrative support to the Highway Department. From all of us at the Highway Department, we would like to wish Russell Lukey the very best in his retirement! The Highway Division’s goal is to be committed to providing the highest level of service possible to the Town and its residents, to continue to provide employee training and education, and to look for ways to become more efficient in all of our day-to-day operations. Sincerely, Mike Mansir Highway Manager Tree Warden The Tree Warden is responsible for the setting out, care, maintenance, and removal of shade trees and the enforcement of all provisions of law for their preservation, according to Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 87. Essentially, it is the Tree Warden’s responsibility to protect town trees and to remove town trees that are a safety hazard. There are times when this requires cooperation with utility companies to identify trees that are endangering overhead wires and allowing them to be removed by the utility which benefits both parties. The DPW worked with Eversource to remove over 250 Town trees at no cost to the Community. The Tree Warden assisted Town Departments throughout the year, including at the new library and Town cemeteries. As always, the Highway and Water/Sewer Divisions were willing and ready to offer any assistance they could. Sincerely, John Westerling Tree Warden 44 DEDICATION OF THE THOMAS MCINTYRE TOWN BARN More than 80 people braved the rainy weather on November 3, 2018, to help dedicate the new DPW facility to Thomas McIntyre. The Board of Selectmen named the facility the Thomas McIntyre Town Barn. The event was attended by members of the public, the Board of Selectmen, the Town Manager, the Permanent Building Committee, the Chamber of Commerce, the DPW, and many others. The dedication was emceed by Selectman Brendan Tedstone and it began with an invocation by Executive Pastor George Cladis of the Faith Community Church. There were eloquent speeches by the Chairman of the Board of Selectmen, Claire Wright; Selectman John Coutinho; and Chamber of Commerce President, Scott Richardson. The Town Manager was also 45 presented with an official Citation from the Massachusetts Senate by Senate President Karen Spilka’s office. The most emotional portion of the event is when Thomas’ brother, Dan McIntyre, Chairman of the Permanent Building Committee, spoke about the facility, its construction, and about his brother. “As much as I’m happy this building is done, it’s bittersweet to see Tommy’s name there, he should be standing right next to me. On behalf of the entire McIntyre family, Kathy, Tommy, Kelly, I want to thank the Board of Selectmen and the entire Town for thinking so highly of Tommy that they gave him this honor. Thank you.” Dan McIntyre was joined by members of the McIntyre family as well as employees of McIntyre Loam. The facility represents a $14.5 million dollar investment by the Community in the Department of Public Works and we are extremely grateful. The Thomas McIntyre Town Barn will serve the Community for generations to come. The facility’s 45,000 square feet are the central location for all DPW personnel and its entire fleet, operations are centralized yielding greater efficiency, employees now have adequate space in which to work safely, as well as countless other benefits. A special thanks to Tim Kilduff, Amanda Faucher, and Scott Richardson of the Chamber of Commerce for their help with coordinating the event. Sincerely, John K. Westerling Your Director of Public Works 46 ENGINEERING/FACILITIES DEPARTMENT The mission of the Engineering/Facilities Department is to maintain oversight of all Town capital design and construction projects as well as providing engineering and facilities support to all other Town Departments. The Department continues to coordinate mainly with other Town Departments, mainly the IT Department, for continuing to develop the Town GIS Program. The Department continues to oversee and implement energy efficiency projects, tracking town building energy use and meeting all Green Community Designation requirements. Engineering assistance is provided to all departments and boards/committees for capital projects including procurement and selection of design services and construction contracts, day-day oversight of design and construction contracts. The Department is also responsible for maintaining town assets and for providing safe and healthy environment for the public and town staff. Responsibilities include participation with all the building committees throughout their project development and as direct staff support for the Permanent Building Committee. We assist all committees and departments in designer selection, bidding, value- engineering, contractor selection, and provide on-site Clerk-of-Works quality assurance services for Town Capital Projects through Department of Public Works, Town Manager’s Office and any other Department Capital Projects. We are responsible for annual maintenance contracts for Town Hall, DPW, Police, Fire, Library and the Senior Center. The Department Director is the Town Engineer/Facilities Coordinator and reports directly to the Town Manager. The Director has bi-weekly meetings with the Town Manager to provide an update of ongoing projects and initiatives. The Town Manager provides beneficial guidance and advice on delivering successful capital projects and running an efficient department. Accomplishments during FY18 include; Continued development of the Downtown Corridor Project to realign 85/135 intersection, two-way bike lane and undergrounding of utilities, opened the new Library, opened the new DPW Facility, continued as non-voting member of the Hopkinton Elementary School Building Committee, opened the Parks and Recreation Department Fruit Street Amenities Building, completed Green Community Grant Contract, completed Town-Wide Streetlight LED Conversion Project and opened the new public parking lot in front of the Police Station. Respectfully submitted, David T. Daltorio, P.E. Town Engineering/Facilities Director 47  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϭϯ Ϭ , K > >  E  '  Z  >  / E  D ϭ Ϯ ϯ W  Z < / E '  ,   Z / E '  K & & /   Z Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϰ ϱ W Z K  d K Z t / > > /  D D ϭ Ϯ ϯ  E / D  >   K E d Z K >  K & & /   Z Ψ Ϯ ϯ ͕ ϱ ϱ ϱ ͘ ϰ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϯ ͕ ϱ ϱ ϱ ͘ ϰ ϴ ϴϰ ϲ < , h D  > K E K Z D  E D ϭ Ϯ ϯ d K t E  D  E  '  Z Ψ ϭ ϳ ϰ ͕ Ϯ ϳ ϲ ͘ ϭ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϮ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϱ ϲ ͘ Ϭ ϳ Ψ ϭ ϵ ϱ ͕ ϲ ϯ Ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϲ ϵϳ ϴ ' > z E E D  Z /  D ϭ Ϯ ϯ  y   h d / s    ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ ϱ ϵ ͕ ϲ ϴ ϯ ͘ Ϯ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϴ ϱ ϱ ͘ ϯ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϯ ϯ Ψ ϲ ϴ ͕ ϴ Ϯ ϲ ͘ ϵ Ϭ ϭϬ Ϯ ϲ <   > / < : h > /  D ϭ Ϯ ϯ  >  Z /   >   ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  ; d  D W K Z  Z z Ϳ Ψ ϰ ͕ Ϯ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ Ϯ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ ϴ ϳ :  & &  Z / ^  > /     d , D ϭ Ϯ ϯ  E / D  >  / E ^ W   d K Z Ψ ϯ ͕ ϴ ϰ ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϴ ϰ ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ Ϯ ϴ D  <  z  , Z / ^ d K W ,  Z D ϭ Ϯ ϯ  >  Z /   >   ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  ; d  D W K Z  Z z Ϳ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ ϯ ϭ ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ ϯ ϭ ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ϯϴ ϭ D   <  z :  E  d D ϭ ϯ ϯ  ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  d K t E     K h E d  E d Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͕ ϱ ϲ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϵ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϲ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϳ ϭ Ψ ϴ ϲ ͕ ϲ ϱ ϰ ͘ ϳ Ϭ ϰϬ ϲ ϴ Z  D / > >  Z  t / > > /  D D ϭ ϯ ϯ W Z K & ͘  W Z K :   d  ^ W   /  > / ^ d  d  D W Ψ ϯ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϲ ϲ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϴ ϳ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϳϬ Ϭ ϭ ^  E  / E /  , Z / ^ d K W ,  Z D ϭ ϯ ϯ & / E  E     / Z   d K Z Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϵ Ϭ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϵ ϱ Ϭ ͘ ϰ ϴ Ψ ϲ ϲ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϯ ϲ ϵϰ ϵ , K t  > > W  d d / D ϭ ϰ ϭ   W h d z   ^ ^  ^ ^ K Z  ; d  D W K Z  Z z Ϳ Ψ ϱ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϬ ϳ ϲ E   ^ : K , E D ϭ ϰ ϭ W Z / E  / W  >   ^ ^  ^ ^ K Z Ψ ϵ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϱ ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϵ Ϯ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ϱ ͕ ϯ ϰ ϯ ͘ ϯ Ϯ ϭϬ ϴ Ϯ t  >  , d , K D  ^ D ϭ ϰ ϭ   W h d z   ^ ^  ^ ^ K Z Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϵ Ϯ ͘ ϭ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϲ ϱ ͘ Ϯ ϭ ϭϬ ϴ ϴ   Z d  Z   E E / ^ D ϭ ϰ ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ ϰ ϳ ͕ ϭ ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϵ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϳ Ψ ϰ ϳ ͕ ϯ ϭ Ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϰ ϰϬ ϱ ϵ  E   Z ^ K E Z h d , D ϭ ϰ ϭ   W h d z   ^ ^  ^ ^ K Z Ψ ϰ ϳ ͕ ϯ ϴ ϰ ͘ ϲ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϯ ϵ ϲ ͘ ϭ ϱ Ψ ϰ ϳ ͕ ϲ ϴ Ϭ ͘ ϴ Ϭ ϳϬ Ϯ ^ , / Z >  z D  Z z  >  / Z  D ϭ ϰ ϱ W  z Z K > >  D  E  '  Z Ψ ϲ ϰ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϴ ͘ ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ Ϯ ͘ ϴ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϱ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϭ Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϱ ϲ ϴ ͘ ϱ ϴ ϳϵ ϯ ,  E  Z /  < ^ K E  /  E  D ϭ ϰ ϱ  ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  d Z   ^ h Z  Z Ψ ϳ ϭ ͕ ϲ ϴ ϯ ͘ ϭ ϳ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϳ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϳ Ψ ϳ Ϯ ͕ ϯ Ϭ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϭϭ Ϭ ϰ  K z  E  , Z / ^ d / E  D ϭ ϰ ϱ W  z Z K > >  D  E  '  Z Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϯ Ϭ ϰ ͘ ϳ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϳ Ϯ ͘ ϴ ϲ Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϯ ϳ ϯϳ ϭ ϭ  K E E K > > z D /  ,   > D ϭ ϰ ϱ d Z   ^ h Z  Z Ψ ϴ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϰ ϵ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯϯ ϭ ͘ ϯ ϰ Ψ ϴ ϲ ͕ ϰ ϴ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϰ ϯϴ ϲ ϳ  > / & d K E ^ d  W ,  E /  D ϭ ϰ ϱ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ ϵ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ ͕ ϭ Ϭ ϲ ͘ Ϯ ϱ ϯϵ ϴ ϭ ,  Z Z / E ' d K E D  Z z D ϭ ϰ ϱ  >  Z /   >   ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  ; d  D W K Z  Z z Ϳ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϵ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϵ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ Ϯ ϵ  h  <  Z >   D ϭ ϰ ϱ  >  Z /   >   ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  ; d  D W K Z  Z z Ϳ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϬ ϱ ϭ   ^  z D  Z /  D ϭ ϱ Ϯ , h D  E  Z  ^ K h Z   ^   / Z   d K Z Ψ ϵ ϵ ͕ ϴ Ϭ ϳ ͘ Ϭ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϭ ϵ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϭ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϲ ͘ ϯ ϳ ϯϴ ϯ ϳ W / D  E d  > >  h Z /  D ϭ ϱ Ϯ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  ; , Z Ϳ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϲ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϰ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϴ Ϯ ϭ ͘ ϳ ϲ ϯϵ ϯ ϳ D h >   , z  Z / E D ϭ ϱ Ϯ , h D  E  Z  ^ K h Z   ^  '  E  Z  > / ^ d Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϭ ϴ ͘ ϳ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϴ ϳ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϵ Ϭ ϲ ͘ Ϯ ϱ ϰϬ ϲ Ϭ D  Z Z / > > < Z / ^ d / E D ϭ ϱ Ϯ , h D  E  Z  ^ K h Z   ^  '  E  Z  > / ^ d Ψ ϯ ϳ ͕ ϱ ϯ ϴ ͘ ϱ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϯ ϰ ͘ ϲ Ϯ Ψ ϯ ϳ ͕ ϳ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϭ ϵ ϳϬ Ϭ ' Z K ^ ^  d d / : K ^ , h  D ϭ ϱ ϱ / d   / Z   d K Z Ψ ϭ ϭ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϭ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ ϭ ϭ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϰ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϯ ϭϬ ϴ Ϭ  /    E   ^ d ,  Z D ϭ ϱ ϱ ' / ^ ͬ   d    ^    K K Z  / E  d K Z Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϳ ϳ ͘ Ϯ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϯ ϵ ͘ ϱ ϯ Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ ϱ ϭ ϲ ͘ ϴ Ϯ ϯϳ ϲ ϯ >   K h y   E :  D / E D ϭ ϱ ϱ / d   ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ ϭ ϳ ͕ ϰ ϳ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϳ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ ϭ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϳ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϯ ͘ ϳ ϱ ϵϳ ϳ D    E E  Z  E   D ϭ ϲ ϭ  ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  d K t E   >  Z < Ψ Ϯ ϳ ͕ ϯ Ϯ ϯ ͘ ϭ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϲ ͘ ϵ ϴ Ψ Ϯ ϴ ͕ ϲ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϭ ϱ ϯϳ Ϯ ϱ   '  E  K E E K Z D ϭ ϲ ϭ d K t E   >  Z <   >   d   Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϲ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϰ Ϯ Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϴ Ϯ ͘ ϰ Ϭ 48  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϰϬ ϵ ϱ d , K D  ^ > z E E D ϭ ϲ ϭ  ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  d K t E   >  Z < Ψ ϭ ϳ ͕ ϱ ϯ ϴ ͘ ϰ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϳ ͕ ϱ ϯ ϴ ͘ ϰ ϴ ϯϯ ϵ  > /  <  E E D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ ϳ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭϴ ϳ ͘ ϰ Ϭ ϳϬ ϯ  / E ' ^ ^  D  E d ,  D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ϵ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ϵ ͘ ϴ ϴ ϴϯ ϯ   E   E  K E E  D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϭ ϱ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϱ ϴϯ ϰ  Z  t  E  E  z D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϱ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϱ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϭ ϴϯ ϲ D   D / > >  E :  E E / &  Z D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ Ϭ ͘Ϯϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϲ ϴϲ ϭ  > > ^ t K Z d , Z h ^ ^  > > D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϰ ϵ ͘ ϬϮ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϰ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϯ ϴϵ Ϯ  > > ^ t K Z d , D  Z z  > K h D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ϵ ͘ϴϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ϵ ͘ ϴ ϴ ϴϵ ϲ D  Z K   Z d D  Z z D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ ϵ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ ϱ ϵ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϵϯ ϵ  h  >  / Z <  d , >   E D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϱ ϵϰ Ϯ  Z    / > K h / ^  D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϳ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϬ Ϭ Ϭ ' Z   /  ' Z    D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ ϱ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϱ ϭϬ Ϭ Ϯ   t  Z  ^ D  Z z D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϰ ϲ ͘ ϱ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϯ ϰ ϲ ͘ ϱ ϭ ϭϬ ϯ ϱ  ,  Z >  ^ d K E  K > >   E D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ϵ͘Ϭ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ϵ ͘ Ϭ ϰ ϭϬ ϯ ϵ  K E t  z ^ h ^  E D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϲ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϬ ϰ Ϭ    > D  E <  Z  E D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ ϵ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ ϵ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϭϬ ϴ ϳ  Z E  h d D  Z z D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϭ ϱ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϯ ϯϴ ϯ ϴ , K >   E >  K E  Z  D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ ϯ ͘ ϯ ϳ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ ϯ ͘ ϯ ϳ ϯϴ ϯ ϵ W z E   K Z K d , z D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϰ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϰ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϯϴ ϰ ϭ  / > K    h s  Z K E /   D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ Ϭ ͘ ϳϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϱ ϯϴ ϰ Ϯ t K K  t  Z  D  Z z D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϱ ͘ Ϯ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϱ ͘ Ϯ ϱ ϯϴ ϲ ϴ  /  K E  > / E   D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϲ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϲ ϱ ϰϭ ϭ ϵ & Z   < >  d K E ^ ,  / >  D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ ϭ ͘ϯϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ ϭ ͘ ϯ ϵ ϰϭ Ϯ Ϭ & Z   < >  d K E : K ^  W , D ϭ ϲ Ϯ  >   d / K E  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ϰϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϰ ϱ ϲϭ , /  < ^   t  Z  D ϭ ϳ Ϭ  ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  t / Z / E '  / E ^ W   d K Z Ψ ϲ Ϭ ͕ ϯ ϰ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϭ ͕ ϯ ϰ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϳ ϭϴ ϴ >    Z h ^  >  / E  D ϭ ϳ Ϭ  ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  d K t E  D  E  '  Z Ψ ϭ ϭ ϳ ͕ ϱ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϭ ϴ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϭ ϵ Ψ ϭ ϭ ϵ ͕ Ϯ ϳ Ϯ ͘ ϯ ϳ ϯϱ ϭ t  > >    :   K   D ϭ ϳ Ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ ϱ ϰ ͕ ϭ Ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϮ ͕ ϳ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϰ ϴ ͘ ϰ ϴ Ψ ϱ ϵ ͕ ϯ ϭ ϯ ͘ ϲ Ϯ ϯϵ ϰ d Z  s  ' > / E / > K h / ^ D ϭ ϳ Ϭ  ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  t / Z / E '  / E ^ W   d K Z Ψ ϭ ͕ ϰ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϰ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϱϳ Ϭ D      D  K E  >  D ϭ ϳ Ϭ  K E ^  Z s  d / K E    D / E / ^ d Z  d K Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϵ Ϭ ϯ ͘ ϳ ϴ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϵ ͕ ϯ Ϭ ϯ ͘ ϳ ϴ ϲϰ ϭ ^ ,  W  Z  D /  ,   > D ϭ ϳ Ϭ  ^ ^ d   h / >  / E '  / E ^ W   d K Z Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϲ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϲϰ ϴ ^  < / E > K h / ^ D ϭ ϳ Ϭ ^   >  Z  K &  t  / ' , d ^  Θ  D   ^ h Z  ^ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϴ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϴ ϰ 49  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϲϴ ϵ    Z / d   ,  Z >  ^ D ϭ ϳ Ϭ W > h D  / E '  Θ  '  ^  / E ^ W   d K Z Ψ ϱ ϰ ͕ ϲ ϰ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϰ ͕ ϲ ϰ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϳ ϳϭ ϯ t Z / ' , d   / E  D ϭ ϳ Ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ ϱ ϰ ͕ ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϵ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϭ ϰ ͘ϰϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϰ ϴ ͘ ϰ ϴ Ψ ϱ ϲ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϯ ͘ ϴ Ϯ ϳϮ ϴ Z K '  Z ^  E E  D ϭ ϳ Ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ ϱ ϰ ͕ ϲ ϰ Ϭ ͘ ϵ ϴ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϯ ϯ ϵ͘ϭ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϲ Ϭ ͘ ϵ ϲ Ψ ϱ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϵ ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϳ ϳϰ ϯ <   > / <  ,  Z >  ^ D ϭ ϳ Ϭ  / Z   d K Z  K &  D h E /  / W  >  / E ^ W   d / K E ^ Ψ ϵ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϲ ϴ ͘ ϴ ϲ Ψϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϵ ϵ ͘ Ϯ ϴ Ψ ϵ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϭ ϴ ͘ ϭ ϰ ϴϭ ϱ   Z  ^ < / W  d  Z D ϭ ϳ Ϭ ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  W > h D  / E '  Θ  '  ^  / E ^ W   d K Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲ ϳ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲ ϳ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϵϵ ϭ , h E d   E /  > D ϭ ϳ Ϭ  ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  W > h D  / E '  Θ  '  ^  / E ^ W   d K Ψ ϰ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϬ ϵ Ϯ  Z / ^  & h > > / D /  ,   > D ϭ ϳ Ϭ  > d  Z E  d    h / >  / E '  / E ^ W   d K Z Ψ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϬ ϵ ϱ  h Z <  :  E E / &  Z D ϭ ϳ Ϭ W Z / E  / W  >  W >  E E  Z Ψ ϰ ϳ ͕ ϳ ϴ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϴ Ϭ ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϴ Ψ ϱ Ϭ ͕ ϱ ϴ ϰ ͘ ϭ ϳ ϯϲ ϳ ϰ D  > E /  < :  D  ^ D ϭ ϳ Ϭ  ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  t / Z / E '  / E ^ W   d K Z Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϯ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϯ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϳ ϳ Ϯ ^ K  Z  ^ ^ ,  E E K E D ϭ ϳ Ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ ϰ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϯ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϯ ͘ϭϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϰ ϴ Ψ ϰ Ϯ ͕ ϵ ϱ ϳ ͘ ϵ ϱ ϰϭ Ϭ ϵ t / > ^ K E '  K Z ' /  D ϭ ϳ Ϭ W Z / E  / W  >  W >  E E  Z Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϲ ϭ ͘ ϱ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϲ ϭ ͘ ϱ ϳ ϭϴ ϯ  h > > / d K E W  h > D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ   d  / >  K & & /   Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϱ ϴ ^ h d d K E D /  ,   > D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ   d  / >  K & & /   Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϲ ϯ W K t  Z ^ W , / > / W D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ ϲ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϳ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϲ ϳ ϭ ͘ ϴ Ϯ Ψ ϭϮ ͕ ϯ ϯ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϵ ϭ ϱ ͘ ϯ ϰ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϱ ͕ Ϭ ϲ ϯ ͘ ϭ ϯ Ϯϳ ϲ  h  < >  z ^ d  W ,  E D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϴ ϲ ͘ ϭ ϳ Ψ ϳ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϱ ϰ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϯ Ψ ϯ Ϯ͕ϯ ϲ ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ Ϭ Ϯ ϲ ͘ Ϯ Ϯ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϲ ͕ ϵ ϲ ϴ ͘ ϴ Ϯ ϯϱ ϯ W K Z d  Z : K , E D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    > /  h d  E  E d Ψ ϭ ϭ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϳ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϯ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϱ ϵ Ϭ ͘ ϴ ϱ Ψ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϲ Ϭ Ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϵ ϯϲ ϯ ^ ,  E    s /  D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ   d  / >  K & & /   Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϭ ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϭ ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ Ϯ   E E  d d : K ^  W , D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    > /  h d  E  E d Ψ ϭ ϭ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϳ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϳ ϰ ϵ ͘ ϴ ϵ Ψ ϭ ϭ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϭ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϳ ϰϲ ϴ  >  Z < W  h > D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ   d  / >  K & & /   Z Ψ ϴ ϲ ϱ ͘ Ϯ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϭ ϯ ͘ ϭ ϯ Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ ϰ ϲ ϱ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϯ ͘ ϴ ϰ ϰϳ Ϯ ' Z / & & / E d , K D  ^ D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ   d  / >  K & & /   Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϭ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϭ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϴ Ϯ K Ζ  Z /  E W  d Z /  < D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ   d  / >  K & & /   Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϳ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϳ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϴ ϰ ^  E d h   / Z K   Z d D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ   d  / >  K & & /   Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϴ ϴ t  > >     ,  Z >  ^ D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ   d  / >  K & & /   Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϴ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϴ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϵ ϭ &  z  Z  Z K   Z d D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ  h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϭ ͕ ϴ ϵ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ͕ϴ ϵ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϱϭ ϭ    K  Z ' Z  ' ' D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ ϳ ϲ ͕ ϲ ϱ ϲ ͘ ϱ ϰ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϴ Ψ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ Ϭ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϳ Ϯ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϵ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϯ ϰ ϱϮ ϴ K Ζ E  / >   Z K E D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    ^  Z '   E d Ψ ϵ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϱ ͘ ϴ ϯ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϴ ϴ Ϯ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϰ ͕ϱϯ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϲ Ϭ ͘ ϴ ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϰ ϱϯ ϰ D  E  / > D  d d ,  t D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    ^  Z '   E d Ψ ϵ ϲ ͕ ϱ ϲ ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϱ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ ͕ ϱ Ϭ ϱ ͘ ϰ ϭ Ψ ϭϯ ͕ ϰ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϯ ϴ ϱ ͘ ϴ Ϯ Ψ ϭ ϯ ϱ ͕ Ϯ ϳ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϴ ϱϲ ϳ , / ' ' / E ^ > / E   D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ ϳ ϵ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϯ ͘ ϴ ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϵ Ϭ ͘ ϵ ϴ Ψ ϵ ϭ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ ϭ Ϭ ϲ ͘ ϵ ϲ Ψ ϵ ϯ ͕ ϳ ϳ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϱ ϱϴ ϱ s  E Z   > d  E ^  K d d D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    ^  Z '   E d Ψ ϵ ϰ ͕ ϰ ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϭ ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϵ ϳ ϵ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψϱ ͕ ϵ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϵ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϰ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϵ Ϯ Ψ ϭ ϭ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϭ ϵ ͘ Ϭ ϱ ϲϯ ϱ  h Z  ,  Z  t / > > /  D D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϵ ͘ ϳ ϰ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϲ ϯ ϲ ͘ ϰ ϰ Ψ ϯ͕ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϱ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϰ ϲ Ψ ϵ ϰ ͕ ϲ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϲϯ ϲ  Z  E E  E d / D K d , z D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    ^  Z '   E d Ψ ϵ ϳ ͕ ϴ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϲ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϭ ϯ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ΨϮ ͕ ϲ Ϭ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϳ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϲ Ϯ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϴ ϯ ͘ ϲ Ϯ 50  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϳϰ Ϯ   D W   > > :   K  D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ ϴ Ϯ ͕ ϲ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϵ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ ͕ϭϭ ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ Ϭ ϯ ϱ ͘ ϵ Ϯ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϱ ͕ ϭ ϭ ϳ ͘ ϭ Ϯ ϳϵ ϭ D K Z  E : K , E D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϵ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϴ ϭ ͘ ϵ ϱ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ͕ ϯ ϱ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ψ ϴ ϴ ͕ ϴ ϱ ϰ ͘ ϳ Ϭ ϴϱ ϴ  K K d , W  d  Z D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϯ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ͕Ϭ ϳ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ ϵ Ϭ ͕ ϲ Ϭ ϴ ͘ ϭ ϭ ϵϵ Ϯ ^  , K & /  >   Z d , h Z D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ ϱ ϵ ͕ ϱ ϳ ϴ ͘ ϱ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϴ ϳ ϴ ͘ ϱ ϳ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ϬϬ ϵ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϵ Ϭ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ ϵ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϱ ϳ ͘ Ϭ ϭ ϵϵ ϯ >     t  Z  D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /     , /  & Ψ ϭ ϰ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϯ ϴ ͘ϰϲ Ψ ϭ ϰ Ϭ ͕ ϱ ϯ ϴ ͘ ϱ ϲ ϭϬ ϰ ϳ  K Z Z /   E : K , E D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ ϲ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϯ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϭ ϲ ͘ ϯ ϱ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϵ ϳϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϲ ϵ ϴ ͘ ϱ ϱ Ψ ϵ ϭ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϰ ͘ Ϯ ϳ ϭϬ ϲ Ϭ   Z > ^ K E  > / ^  D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    / E d  Z E Ψ ϯ ϳ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϯ ϳ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϬ ϳ ϴ   /  E  :  z D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ Ϯ ϱ ͕ Ϯ ϭ ϳ ͘ ϴ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ Ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϴ Ψ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϵ ϭϬ ϴ ϯ , K E d    ^ W  E  ' / K d / ^ D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ ϱ ϴ ͕ Ϭ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ ͕ ϯ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϱϰ Ψ ϭ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϴ ϰ Ψ ϵ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϯ ϭ ͘ ϯ ϰ ϯϲ ϲ ϰ ^  E d K Z K D  d d ,  t D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ ϱ ϳ ͕ ϯ ϱ ϱ ͘ ϰ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϰ ϲ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϳ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϵϲ ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ ϭ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϴ ϱ ϯϲ ϲ ϵ ^  E  , / K E /  Z /  E D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ ϱ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϵ ͘ ϭ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ ͕ ϱ ϭ ϭ ͘ ϲ ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ͕ϰ ϭ ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϳ ϴ ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϯ Ψ ϴ ϴ ͕ ϴ ϰ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϰ ϯϲ ϴ Ϯ  Z h  s  Z '  Z   >  y D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ Ϯ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϴ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϰ ϴ Ψ ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϯ ϳ ϰ ͘ ϭ Ϭ ϯϳ Ϭ ϯ  Z K ^ D  E  K E E K Z D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ ϰ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϴ ϱ ͘ ϰ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϳ ϭ ϵ ͘ ϳ ϱ Ψ ϭ ϴ ͕ ϴϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϱ Ϯ ϴ ͘ ϱ ϲ Ψ ϳ ϵ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϯ ͘ ϳ ϱ ϯϳ ϯ Ϯ  K E  K E  E E  Ͳ D  Z /  D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s   D  E  '  Z Ψ ϱ ϳ ͕ ϰ ϱ ϴ ͘ Ϯ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ϭ ͘ ϴ ϱ Ψ ϱ ϳ ͕ ϳ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϲ ϯϳ ϳ ϳ & >  E E  Z z Z /  ,  Z  D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ   d  / >  K & & /   Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϴ ϴ ϳ > z s  Z  Z  E  K E D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ ϱ ϲ ͕ ϳ ϲ Ϭ ͘ ϱ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϴ ϭ ϴ ͘ ϭ ϰ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϭ Ϯ ϴ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϵ ϲ Ϭ ͘ ϲ ϳ Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϳ ͘ ϯ ϰ ϯϵ ϲ ϭ ' Z / D >  z  Z  E E  E D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    / E d  Z E Ψ ϲ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϱ ϭ  ^  K z d /  , h ' K D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ  h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϯ ϲ ͘ Ϯ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϲ ϯ ϲ ͘ Ϯ ϱ ϰϬ ϳ ϰ D  '  & & / '  E D K / Z  D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ Ϯ ϱ ͕ Ϯ ϭ ϳ ͘ ϴ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϵ ͘ ϭ ϯ Ψ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϱ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϲ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϰϬ ϵ ϰ ^ d /  < E  z   E :  D / E D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ ϵ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϱ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϳ ϱ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ψ ϲϬ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϯ ϴ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψ Ϯ ϯ ͕ ϳ ϱ Ϭ ͘ ϳ Ϯ ϰϭ Ϭ ϴ D K Z d K E   Z  < D Ϯ ϭ Ϭ W K > /    K & & /   Z Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϭ ϲ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲ Ϭ ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϵ ϭ ͘ ϭ ϰ Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ ϭ Ϭ ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϯ Ϯϳ ϱ /    Z K >  ^ d  s  E D Ϯ ϭ ϰ Wh  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z  ; W  Z   /  D Ϳ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϱ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϲ ϭ ' K K  D  E :  E  D Ϯ ϭ ϰ W h  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z  ; W  Z   /  D Ϳ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϵ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϲ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϱϭ ϲ   Z    D   ' ,  E D Ϯ ϭ ϰ W h  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  ^ h W  Z s / ^ K Z Ψ ϲ ϭ ͕ ϱ Ϭ ϴ ͘ ϭ ϰ Ψϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϴ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϰ ϲ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϰ ͕ Ϯ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϱ ϴ ϲϲ Ϯ  Z K K < ^  s  E D Ϯ ϭ ϰ W h  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z   Ψ Ϯ ϱ ͕ ϱ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϯ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϴ Ϭ ϯ͘ϱ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϱ ϴ ͘ ϵ Ϯ Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϱ ϵ ͘ ϴ ϭ ϵϴ ϳ : K E  ^ '  Z  Z  D Ϯ ϭ ϰ W h  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z   Ψ Ϯ ϵ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϴ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϮϮ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϯ Ψ ϴ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϲ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϵ ϱ Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϰ ϵ ϭϬ ϯ ϭ  K Z ^ / E /  K >  D Ϯ ϭ ϰ W h  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z   Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϲ ϯ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ϰϳ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϴ Ψ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϯ ϯ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϰ Ψ ϲ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϱ ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϴ ϭϭ Ϭ Ϭ : K  Y h / E  D  E   D Ϯ ϭ ϰ W h  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z  ; W  Z   /  D Ϳ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϵ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϭ Ϭ ϭ > h /   Z    z E D Ϯ ϭ ϰ W h  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z   Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϲ ϭ ϰ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ϱϴ ϵ ͘ ϯ ϯ Ψ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϯ ϴ ϰ ͘ ϳ ϯ Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϴ ͘ Ϯ ϲ ϭϭ ϯ ϭ s  > K s  / E  z E d , /  D Ϯ ϭ ϰ W h  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z   Ψ ϱ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϰ ϱ ͘ ϭ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϭ ϲ ͘ Ϯ ϲ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϯ ͕ ϳ ϵ ϰ ͘ Ϯ ϰ ϯϳ ϴ ϰ   D W   > >   E :  D / E D Ϯ ϭ ϰ W h  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z  ; W  Z   /  D Ϳ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϴ ϴϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ ϳ ϲ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ 51  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϯϴ ϰ ϵ   : K E ' Ͳ  t / E ' ^  D h  > D Ϯ ϭ ϰ W h  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z   Ψ ϴ ͕ ϴ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϯ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϱ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϵ ϴ Ψ ϭ ϱ ͕ ϯ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϳ ϲ ϯϴ ϲ ϭ Z K   ^  >  h  /  D Ϯ ϭ ϰ Wh  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z  ; W  Z   /  D Ϳ Ψ Ϯ ϭ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϴ ϭ ͘ ϭ ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϭ Ϭ ϰ ͘ Ϭ ϱ ϯϴ ϵ Ϭ D / > >  Z :  ^ ^  D Ϯ ϭ ϰ W h  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z  ; W  Z   /  D Ϳ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϴ ϯ ϲ ͘ ϲ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϲ ϳ ϲ ͘ ϲ Ϭ ϯϵ ϱ Ϭ & / Z d ,  Z / d d  E z D Ϯ ϭ ϰ W h  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z  ; W  Z   /  D Ϳ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϱ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϴ Ϭ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ ϳ ϭ   s / ^ < / >  z D Ϯ ϭ ϰ W h  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z   Ψ Ϯ ϰ ͕ Ϯ ϭ ϰ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϳϬ ͘ ϰ ϵ Ψ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϴ ϰ ͘ ϰ ϴ Ψ Ϯ ϵ ͕ ϴ ϲ ϵ ͘ ϳ ϳ ϯϵ ϳ ϲ ^ / d , K >  &  Z  / D Ϯ ϭ ϰ W h  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z   Ψ Ϯ ϳ ͕ Ϭ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ϴϯ ϵ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϯ ϲ ͘ Ϭ ϭ ϯϵ ϳ ϳ Z  / > > z Z z  E D Ϯ ϭ ϰ W h  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z  ; W  Z   /  D Ϳ Ψ ϲ ͕ Ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ ϳ ϴ Z /  ^ ^ <  s / E D Ϯ ϭ ϰ W h  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z   Ψ Ϯ ϳ ͕ Ϭ ϰ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϯ ϳϵ ͘ ϵ ϳ Ψ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϲ ϰ ϲ ͘ ϯ ϴ ϰϬ Ϯ Ϯ ^ d  E >  z  Z  E   D Ϯ ϭ ϰ W h  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z   Ψ ϯ ϴ ͕ ϯ ϳ ϴ ͘ ϴ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ͕ϯ ϰ ϯ ͘ ϰ ϵ Ψ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϲ ϱ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ψ ϰ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϰ Ϯ ϰϭ Ϭ ϳ Z  D / > >  Z   Z / d d E  z D Ϯ ϭ ϰ W h  > /   ^  &  d z   / ^ W  d  ,  Z  ; W  Z   /  D Ϳ Ψ ϵ ϰ Ϭ͘ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ϰ Ϭ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ϯϭ ' Z K ^ ^ W  d Z /  < D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ  D d Ψ ϳ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ ϳ ϲ Ϯ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϵ ϯ ϲ ͘ ϭ ϱ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϳ ϲ ͘ ϯ ϵ ϰϴ  K > > / E ^ :  D  ^ D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ   > >  & / Z  & / ' , d  Z Ψ ϲ ϳ ϲ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϲ ϰ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϯ ϭ ϴ ͘ ϴ Ϭ ϮϬ ϴ  >  Z < Z K   Z d D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ  D d Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϴ ͘ ϴ Ϯ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϯ ͕ ϴ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϭ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϰ Ϯ ͘ ϭ ϱ Ψ ϭ Ϭ Ϯ ͕ ϱ ϭ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϴ ϯϳ ϴ   Z K E Z K   Z d D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ W  Z  D   /  Ψ ϴ ϯ ͕ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ ϭ ϲ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϱ ϱ Ϭ ͘ϴϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϲ ϳ ϰ ͘ ϭ ϱ Ψ ϵ ϳ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϭ ϴ ϰϯ Ϭ ,  Z Z / ^   Z > D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   > /  h d  E  E d Ψ ϴ ϲ ͕ ϵ ϭ ϱ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϯ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϴ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϱ ϱ ϰ ͘ Ϯ ϰ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϭ ͕ ϲ Ϭ ϴ ͘ ϳ ϭ ϰϱ ϵ W Z  ^  K d d D /  ,   > D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ  D d Ψ ϳ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϭ ϯ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ ϳ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϴ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϳ ϭ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϱ ͘ ϱ ϭ ϰϲ Ϭ   Z s  Z D  Z z D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s   D  E  '  Z Ψ ϲ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϲ ϴ ͘ Ϯ ϲ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϰ Ϯ ϲ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϯ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϰ ͘ ϱ ϲ ϰϲ ϳ  >  Z < & Z  E  / ^ D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ  D d Ψ ϳ ϲ ͕ ϴ ϵ ϴ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϭ ͘ ϰ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϭ ϰ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϲ Ψ ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϯ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϰϳ ϵ > h <  z t / > > /  D D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ  D d Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϴ ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϴ ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϰ ϰϴ ϱ ^ >  D  E ^ d  W ,  E D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z    , /  & Ψ ϭ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϰ ϰϵ Ϯ   h ' ,  Z d z '  Z z D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   > /  h d  E  E d Ψ ϴ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϰ Ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϯ ϱ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϵ ϲ ϴ ͘ ϯ Ϯ Ψ ϭ ϰ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϲ ͘ ϯ ϲ ϱϯ Ϭ >  t / ^  K h ' >  ^ D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ  D d Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ ϵ ϯ ϰ ͘ Ϭ ϲ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϲ ϳ ϵ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϬϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϴ ϲ Ψ ϴ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ ϵ ͘ ϳ Ϯ ϱϱ ϲ D / > >  Z t / > > /  D D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ   W h d z  & / Z    , /  & Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϵ ͘ ϲ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϱ Ϭ ϰ ͘ Ϭ ϵ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϲ ͕ ϴ ϴ ϱ ͘ ϯ ϳ ϱϲ Ϯ   / >  z D  d d ,  t D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ W  Z  D   /  Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϴ ͘ ϯ ϰ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϴ ͕ ϭϲ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϴ ϴ ϱ ͘ ϱ ϱ Ψ ϭ ϭ ϯ ͕ ϰ Ϭ ϯ ͘ ϴ ϴ ϱϲ ϲ W / K Z < K t ^ < / <   / D /  Z  D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ W  Z  D   /  Ψ ϳ ϳ ͕ ϵ ϭ ϲ ͘ ϭ ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϭ ͘ ϭ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϱ ϳ ϵ ͘ ϭ ϴ Ψ ϵ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϭ ϲ ͘ ϰ ϲ ϱϴ ϳ ' K ^ ^  > / E :  D  ^ D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ W  Z  D   /  Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͕ ϴ Ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϲ ϯ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϭ ͕ ϴϴ Ϭ ͘ ϱ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϱ ϯ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϭ ϵ ͘ ϴ ϳ ϱϴ ϴ W K / Z /  Z d , K D  ^ D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   W Z  s  E d / K E  K & & /   Z Ψ ϴ ϲ ͕ ϲ ϴ ϳ ͘ Ϯ ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϵϳ Ϯ ͘ ϰ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϲ ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϰ ϭ Ψ ϵ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϭ ϭ ϱϴ ϵ ^  z D K h Z E K Z D  E D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ  D d Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ Ϭ ϭ ϳ ͘ ϳ ϰ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϯ ϰ ϵ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϭ ϵ ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϲ Ψ ϵ ϯ ͕ ϵ ϱ ϴ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϲϰ Ϭ & Z    Z /  < :  D  ^ D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ W  Z  D   /  Ψ ϳ ϳ ͕ Ϯ ϱ ϭ ͘ ϱ ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϰϴ ϰ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϳ ϰ ϱ ͘ Ϭ ϴ Ψ ϴ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϴ Ϭ ͘ ϲ ϯ ϲϱ ϰ : h Z  ^  < ^  K d d D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   > /  h d  E  E d Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ ϱ ϯ ϴ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ ͕ Ϭ ϭ ϲ ͘ ϵ ϯ Ψ ϭ ϵ͕ϵ ϱ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϵ ϰ ͘ ϳ ϵ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϴ ͕ ϵ Ϭ ϱ ͘ ϯ ϲ ϲϴ ϲ   E  , z E /  , K >  ^ D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ   > >  & / Z  & / ' , d  Z Ψ ϱ ϭ ϭ ͘ ϱ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϭ ϭ ͘ ϱ ϴ 52  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϳϲ Ϯ ,   > z d / D K d , z D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   W Z  s  E d / K E  K & & /   Z Ψ ϴ ϯ ͕ ϱ ϵ ϵ ͘ Ϯ ϳ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ Ϭ ͕ ϳϮ Ϯ ͘ ϳ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϴ Ϭ ϭ ͘ Ϯ Ϯ Ψ ϭ ϯ ϵ ͕ ϰ ϳ ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϯ ϳϵ ϰ  K Z  K Z  E Z /  ,  Z  D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ W  Z  D   /  Ψ ϳ ϳ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϱ ϳ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ϴϯ Ϯ ͘ ϭ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϰ ͘ ϭ ϴ Ψ ϴ ϲ ͕ ϯ ϭ ϭ ͘ ϵ Ϯ ϴϱ ϱ < Z  h ^ ^ t / > > /  D D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   > /  h d  E  E d Ψ ϴ ϴ ͕ ϰ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϭ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϴ Ϯ ϴ ͘ Ϯ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϳ ϭ ϴ ͘ ϯ Ϯ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϲ ϳ ϵϳ ϵ : K Z   E ^  Z  D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ W  Z  D   /  Ψ ϳ ϳ ͕ Ϭ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϱ ϴ ͘ ϲ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϲ ϱ ϲ ͘ ϰ ϰ Ψ ϵ Ϯ ͕ ϵ Ϭ ϱ ͘ Ϯ ϵ ϭϬ ϰ ϲ d K Z K ^ /  E D /  ,   > D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ   > >  & / Z  & / ' , d  Z Ψ ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϴ Ϭ ϭϬ ϳ ϱ ^ ,  Z /   E : K , E D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   > /  h d  E  E d  Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϭ ϵ Ϭ ͘ ϰ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϲ ϰ ͘ Ϭ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϵ ϭ ͘ Ϯ Ϯ Ψ ϴ ϲ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϱ ͘ ϳ ϵ ϯϳ ϰ ϴ / E ' Z  ,  D    ,  Z z D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ W  Z  D   /  Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϲ ϭ ͘ ϭ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϲϱ ϴ ͘ ϳ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϵ Ϯ ͘ ϲ Ϯ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϱ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϱ ϱ ϯϳ ϲ ϰ & / E E  Z  E W  h > D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ W  Z  D   /  Ψ ϲ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϱ ϭ ͘ ϴ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϳ ͕ ϭ ϱ ϱ͘ϵ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϲ ͘ ϭ ϰ Ψ ϴ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϯ ͘ ϵ ϲ ϯϳ ϲ ϱ s  E   d d   Z /  > >  D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ W  Z  D   /  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϵ ϯ ͘ ϱ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϵ ϯ ͘ ϱ ϳ ϯϵ ϲ ϴ < Z  h ^ ^ : K , E D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ W  Z  D   /  Ψ ϱ ϵ ͕ ϯ ϳ ϴ ͘ Ϭ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ ϯ ϰ Ϯ ͘ ϳϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϲ Ϯ Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϰ ϱ ϭ ͘ ϰ ϯ ϯϵ ϲ ϵ ^ D / d ,   E /  > D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ W  Z  D   /  Ψ ϱ ϵ ͕ ϲ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϭ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϵ ϱ ϲ ͘ ϯϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϳ ϳ ͘ ϳ ϰ Ψ ϳ ϭ ͕ ϰ Ϭ ϵ ͘ Ϯ ϲ ϰϬ ϳ ϭ   D W   > > : K ^ /  , D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ W  Z  D   /  Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϴ ϴ ϰ ͘ ϱ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϯϲ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϵ ϲ ͘ ϵ ϳ Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ ϳ ϭ ϳ ͘ ϳ ϴ ϰϭ Ϭ ϲ Z  , / > > W  d Z /  < D Ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & / Z   & / ' , d  Z ͬ W  Z  D   /  Ψ ϭ ϰ ͕ Ϯ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϯ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ Ϯ ϰ ͘ ϴϮ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϱ ϰ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϭ ͘ ϵ ϯ ϱϭ Ϭ > z E  ,  K Z E  > / h ^ D ϰ ϭ Ϭ  h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϭ ϰ ͕ ϵ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϯ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϭ ϰ ͕ ϵ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϯ ϰ ϴϳ ϭ   > d K Z / K   s /  D ϰ ϭ Ϭ dK t E   E ' / E   Z  Θ  &   / > / d /  ^   / Z   d K Ψ ϭ ϭ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϳ Ϯ ͘ Ϯ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϳ Ϯ ͘ Ϯ Ϯ ϵϱ ϭ ^  E d K ^ h K ^ ^ K D /  ,   > D ϰ ϭ Ϭ D  / E d  E  E    d   , E /  /  E Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϳ ϭ Ψ ϵ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϳ ϭ ϯϳ ϵ ϱ W /  K d d  ^ d  s  E D ϰ ϭ Ϭ  h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϰ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϳ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϰ Ϭ ϯ ͘ ϳ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϳ ϳ ͘ ϱ Ϯ Ψ ϱ Ϭ ͕ ϱ ϱ ϴ ͘ ϵ Ϯ ϰϬ ϰ ϰ Z    D  d d ,  t D ϰ ϭ Ϭ D  / E d  E  E    d   , E /  /  E Ψ ϯ ϱ ͕ ϲ ϳ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ ϲ ͘ Ϯϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ ͕ ϴ ϴ ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϱ ϰϵ ϰ   Z d z  Z /  D ϰ Ϯ ϭ t  d  Z  ^  t  Z  D  E  '  Z Ψ ϵ Ϯ ͕ ϵ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϰ ϵ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϰ ϱ ͘ ϴ ϵ Ψ ϵ ϳ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϴ ϱϱ ϱ D  E ^ / Z D /  ,   > D ϰ Ϯ ϭ , / ' , t  z  D  E  '  Z Ψ ϵ Ϯ ͕ ϵ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϰ ϵ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϱ Ψ ϵ ϯ ͕ ϳ ϰ ϲ ͘ ϭ ϰ ϴϱ ϳ Z  '  E : h  / d , D ϰ Ϯ ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s   D  E  '  Z Ψ ϲ ϭ ͕ ϴ ϵ Ϯ ͘ ϰ ϳ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϰ Ϭ ͘ ϵ Ϯ Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ ϱ ϯ ϯ ͘ ϯ ϵ ϴϵ ϭ t  ^ d  Z > / E ' : K , E D ϰ Ϯ ϭ  W t   / Z   d K Z Ψ ϭ ϭ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϰ ϵ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϱ Ϯ Ψ ϭ ϭ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϳ ϱ ͘ Ϯ Ϯ ϯϴ ϲ ϱ   E / d /  , < / D   Z >  z D ϰ Ϯ ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ ϭ Ϯ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϰ ϴ ͘ ϳ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϵ ϭ ͘ ϲ ϴ Ψ ϱ Ϯ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϴ ͘ ϰ Ϯ ϭϮ ϭ & Z    d d  D /  ,   > D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ t K Z < / E '  & K Z  D  E Ψ ϱ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϵ ͘ Ϭ ϵ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϴ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϱ ͘ϲϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ ϳ ͘ ϯ ϭ Ψ ϴ ϳ ͕ ϴ ϭ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϲ ϭϰ ϰ ^  , / > K ^ < / W , / > / W D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ t K Z < / E '  & K Z  D  E Ψ ϱ ϳ ͕ ϯ ϴ ϳ ͘ Ϯ Ϯ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϵ ϯ ϯ ͘ ϭ ϱ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϳ ͕ ϲ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϯ ϳ ϯϬ ϴ D K K Z   ,  Z >  ^ D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ ,   s z   Y h / W D  E d  K W  Z  d K Z Ψ ϱ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭϭ ͕ ϲ Ϭ ϰ ͘ Ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϳ ͘ ϴ ϲ ϰϳ ϴ > h <  z :  D  ^  Z h ^ ^  > > D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ ,   s z   Y h / W D  E d  K W  Z  d K Z Ψ ϱ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϱϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϲ ϴ ͘ ϳ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ Ϭ ϵ Ϯ ͘ ϯ ϳ ϰϴ ϲ ^ d  t  Z d :  D  ^ D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ ,   s z   Y h / W D  E d  K W  Z  d K Z Ψ ϱ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭϭ ͕ ϴ ϱ ϴ ͘ ϱ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϲ ͕ ϳ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϭ ϴ ϱϳ ϰ D  >  h ' , > / E W  h > D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ ,   s z   Y h / W D  E d  K W  Z  d K Z Ψ ϱ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ͕ϵ Ϭ ϭ ͘ ϭ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϳ ϰ ͘ ϳ ϭ ϱϵ ϯ  Z D ^ d Z K E '   s /  D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ D   ,  E /  Ψ ϱ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϯ ϴ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϰ ϲ ϱ ͘ ϳ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϰ ͕ ϵ Ϭ ϰ ͘ ϭ ϵ ϱϵ ϴ ' K '  E D  d d ,  t D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ t  d  Z  d   , E /  /  E Ψ ϱ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϯ ϴ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϰ Ϯ ϳ ͘ ϳ ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϲ ͕ ϴ ϲ ϲ ͘ ϭ ϭ 53  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϲϱ ϱ   d  ^   E /  > D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ t  d  Z  d   , E /  /  E Ψ ϱ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϯ ϴ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ ϱ ϭ ϳ ͘ Ϭ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͕ ϵ Ϭ ϱ ͘ ϰ ϯ ϲϴ Ϭ W z E  :  & & Z  z D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ ^  t  Z  d   , E /  /  E Ψ ϱ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϯ ϴ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϯ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ ϳ ϳ ϴ ͘ ϰ Ϯ ϲϵ ϵ   Z d ,  >  d d  '  Z  Z  D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ  ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  & K Z  D  E Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ ϳ Ϭ ϳ ͘ ϴ ϰ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ ͕ ϴ ϯϵ ͘ ϵ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϯ ϲ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϯ Ϯ ϰ ͘ ϳ ϭ ϳϱ ϴ  Z  E  : K ^  W , D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ ,   s z   Y h / W D  E d  K W  Z  d K Z Ψ ϰ ϵ ͕ ϲ ϯ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ͕ ϵ ϭ ϯ͘ϲ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ ϱ ϰ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϳ ϳϲ Ϭ ' >   ^ K E W  h > D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ d Z    t  Z   E Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϯ ϵ Ϯ ͘ ϯ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϭ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϲ ϰ ͘ Ϭ ϴ ϴϭ ϲ   Z E /  Z : K , E D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ ,   s z   Y h / W D  E d  K W  Z  d K Z Ψ ϱ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ͘ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϰ ͕ ϴ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϵ Ϭ ϵϬ ϴ &  E E  h & & :   /  /  , D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ t  d  Z  d   , E /  /  E Ψ ϱ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϯ ϴ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϭ ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ϳ ͘ ϴ ϰ Ψ ϴ ϳ ͕ Ϯ ϱ ϵ ͘ ϳ ϲ ϵϴ ϭ   ' '  , Z / ^ d K W ,  Z D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ ,   s z   Y h / W D  E d  K W  Z  d K Z Ψ ϱ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ͕ϱ Ϭ ϲ ͘ ϲ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϯ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϳ ϵϴ Ϯ D   K E E  > > W  d Z /  < D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ ,   s z   Y h / W D  E d  K W  Z  d K Z Ψ ϱ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ͕ϯ ϰ Ϯ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϭ ϱ ͘ ϳ Ϯ ϵϴ ϱ ^ ,  ,  d  Z  z D K E  D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ  ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  D   ,  E /  Ψ ϰ ϰ ͕ ϳ ϯ ϵ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϵ ͘ Ϭ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϳ ϴ ͘ Ϯ ϯ ϯϭ ϱ Ϭ   Z d z  Z  E  K E D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ >   K Z  Z  ; ^ h D D  Z Ϳ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ͕ ϴ Ϯ ϴ ͘ ϯ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ ϳ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϵ ϲ ͘ Ϭ ϵ ϯϭ ϱ ϰ >  ^ h  Z :  D  ^ D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ >   K Z  Z  ; ^ h D D  Z Ϳ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϲ ϱ ϵ  > >  E  K E  >  D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ t  d  Z  d   , E /  /  E Ψ ϯ ϵ ͕ ϲ ϰ ϴ ͘ Ϯ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϲ ͘ ϱ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ϴ ϯ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϯ ϴ ͘ Ϭ ϯ ϯϲ ϲ ϯ   Z > / ^ >  D  Z  D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ ,   s z   Y h / W D  E d  K W  Z  d K Z Ψ ϰ ϵ ͕ ϱ ϵ Ϯ ͘ ϰ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ ϲϳ ϳ ͘ ϴ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϲ ͕ Ϯ ϳ Ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϰ ϯϲ ϳ Ϯ > K D   Z  /  > & K E ^ K D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ ^  t  Z  d   , E /  /  E Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϯ ϲ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϴ ͘ ϵ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϯϴ ϲ Ϭ   E  ^ d  Z W  d Z /  < D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ ,   s z   Y h / W D  E d  K W  Z  d K Z Ψ ϱ Ϭ ͕ ϲ ϵ ϵ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭϰ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ ϴ ͘ ϵ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϰ ͕ ϳ Ϭ ϴ ͘ ϲ ϳ ϯϴ ϴ ϲ t ,  >  E   s /  D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ W > K t  K W  Z  d K Z Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϴ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϵ Ϯ ͘ ϭ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϴ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϳ ϯϵ ϳ Ϭ : K z   D  y t  > > D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ >   K Z  Z  ; ^ h D D  Z Ϳ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϵ ϭ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϵ ϭ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϭ Ϯ ϵ K Ζ >   Z z  Z  E   E D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ >   K Z  Z  ; ^ h D D  Z Ϳ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϲ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϲ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϭ ϯ Ϭ   E d z < z >  D ϰ Ϯ Ϯ >   K Z  Z  ; ^ h D D  Z Ϳ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϭ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϭ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϵϴ ϴ Z h   Z d /  >  Z K  ,  E /  /  D ϱ ϭ ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϵ Ϭ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϲ Ϭ ϱ ͘ Ϭ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϵ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϲ Ψ ϱ ϴ ͕ ϵ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϰ ϰ ϯϵ ϴ ϲ D   h > / & &  ^ ,  h E D ϱ ϭ ϭ ,   > d ,   / Z   d K Z Ψ ϳ Ϯ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϯ ͘ ϭ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ ϯ ͘ ϴ ϱ Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϳ ϱ  ,  ^ D K Z   z E d , /  D ϱ ϰ ϭ ^  E / K Z    E d  Z   / Z   d K Z Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ Ϭ ϭ ϴ ͘ ϱ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϳ ϴ ϭ ͘ ϱ Ϯ Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϴ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϲ ϯϳ ϱ d Z K h W  ^ D  Z >  E  D ϱ ϰ ϭ K h d Z    ,  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϯ ϴ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϵ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϰ Ϭ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϰϴ ϭ D K E ' /  d > K h / ^ D ϱ ϰ ϭ s  E   Z / s  Z Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϴ ͘ϱϬ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϯ ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϲ ϲϬ ϯ  > >  ^ ^ / K : h  / d , D ϱ ϰ ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ ϳ ϵ ϴ ͘ ϯ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ ϵ ϴ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϵ ϳϱ ϳ Z K  / E ^ K E '  K Z '  D ϱ ϰ ϭ s  E   Z / s  Z Ψ ϭ ϵ ͕ Ϯ ϳ Ϯ ͘ ϭ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱϮ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ψ ϭ ϵ ͕ ϰ Ϯ ϰ ͘ Ϯ ϭ ϴϱ ϰ  > /   , Z  D ϱ ϰ ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /    t K Z <  Z   Ψ ϯ ͕ ϴ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϵ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϴ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϵ ϱ ϵϯ ϱ    <  D z D ϱ ϰ ϭ ^  E / K Z  ^  Z s /   ^   / Z   d K Z Ψ ϱ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϭ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϵ ϴ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϲ ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϭ ϳ ϵϰ ϰ t  Z E  Z Z h d , D ϱ ϰ ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /    t K Z <  Z   Ψ ϳ ͕ ϭ ϴ Ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϯ ͘ ϵ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ Ϯ ϰ ϲ ͘ ϭ ϱ ϵϰ ϳ K Ζ >   Z z   t  Z  D ϱ ϰ ϭ s  E   Z / s  Z Ψ ϱ ϱ ͘ Ϯ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϱ͘Ϯ ϱ 54  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϵϵ ϱ Z  h D : K z   D ϱ ϰ ϭ K h d Z    ,   K K Z  / E  d K Z Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϯ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϲ Ϯ Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϳ ͘ ϯ ϯ ϭϬ ϰ ϱ E  t d K E D  Z < D ϱ ϰ ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /    t K Z <  Z   Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ ϰ Ϭ ϱ ͘ Ϯ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϱ ϱ Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϳ ϴ ͘ ϴ Ϯ ϭϬ ϱ Ϭ  z > t  Z  D  h Z   E D ϱ ϰ ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /    t K Z <  Z   Ψ ϲ ͕ ϯ ϱ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϯ ϱ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϱ ϭϭ ϯ Ϯ ^ d  t  Z d ^ h ^  E D ϱ ϰ ϭ s K > h E d   Z   K K Z  / E  d K Z Ψ ϭ ϰ ͕ Ϯ ϳ ϲ ͘ Ϯ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϱ Ψ ϭ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϱ ϯ ϯϳ ϳ ϭ ' K  / E , K Ͳ   ^ K h   z  E D ϱ ϰ ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /    t K Z <  Z   Ψ ϯ ͕ ϯ ϳ ϭ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϯ ϳ ϭ ͘ ϳ ϲ ϯϳ ϵ ϲ   E   E > / ^  D ϱ ϰ ϭ Z    W d / K E / ^ d Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϱ Ϯ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϱ Ϯ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϳ ϰϬ ϴ ϱ D h E Z K  Z /  ,  Z  D ϱ ϰ ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /    t K Z <  Z   Ψ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϳ ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϳ ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϬ ϵ ϲ , / >  Z  d ,   E / ^  D ϱ ϰ Ϯ z K h d ,  Θ  &  D / > z  ^  Z s /   ^   / Z   d K Z Ψ ϴ ϲ ͕ ϳ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϯ ϲ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϴ ϳ ͕ Ϭ ϴ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϯ ϯϵ ϭ ϴ ^ K h    K > >   E D ϱ ϰ Ϯ zK h d ,  Θ  &  D / > z  ^  Z s /   ^   K h E ^  > K Z Ψϭ ϵ ͕ ϱ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϵ ͕ ϱ ϳ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϰ ϴ  >  y  E   Z d K E / D ϲ ϭ Ϭ ^  E / K Z  > /  Z  Z z   ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ ϴ Ϭ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϱ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ϵ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψ ϰ ϰ ͕ ϯ Ϯ ϯ ͘ ϰ ϳ ϳϭ ϱ '  > >  ' ,  Z E /  D ϲ ϭ Ϭ ^  E / K Z  > /  Z  Z z   ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ Ϯ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϭ ϲ ͘ ϭ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ϵ ͘ ϭ ϱ Ψ Ϯ ϯ ͕ ϯ ϴ ϱ ͘ Ϯ ϴ ϳϯ ϰ  K E E  > > z > / E   D ϲ ϭ Ϭ ^  E / K Z  > /  Z  Z z   ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ ϱ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϰ ϴ ͘ Ϭ ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϱ ϯ ͘ ϴ ϵ ϳϲ ϳ < K & Z K E   E / ^  D ϲ ϭ Ϭ  , / >  Z  E Ζ ^  > /  Z  Z /  E Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ ϱ Ϯ ϳ ͘ ϱ ϳ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϭ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϵ Ψ ϱ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϵ ϭ ͘ ϵ ϲ ϴϭ ϴ , h E d  Z ^  Z  D ϲ ϭ Ϭ ^  E / K Z  > /  Z  Z z   ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϵ ϵ ͘ ϰ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϵ ϵ ͘ ϰ Ϯ ϴϲ ϳ   <  Z  & K t >  Z E  E  z D ϲ ϭ Ϭ ^  E / K Z  > /  Z  Z z   ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ ϭ ϴ ͕ ϵ ϯ ϱ ͘ ϴ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ ͕ ϵ ϯ ϱ ͘ ϴ ϱ ϴϳ ϵ >  ^ h  Z   Z K > D ϲ ϭ Ϭ ^  E / K Z  > /  Z  Z z   ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϭ ϴ ͘ Ϯ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϱ ϳ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϯ ϱ ϱ ͘ ϴ Ϭ ϵϴ ϯ K >  & ^  E  K E E  D ϲ ϭ Ϭ > /  Z  Z z   ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϵ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϴ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϬ ϰ ϴ    < D  E ,   d ,  Z D ϲ ϭ Ϭ > /  Z  Z z   / Z   d K Z Ψ ϳ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϱ ϯ ͘ ϴ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϱ ϯ ͘ ϴ ϲ ϯϲ ϵ ϴ  Z s / E    K Z  , D ϲ ϭ Ϭ W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  >  W Z K :   d  ^ W   /  > / ^ d Ψ ϭ ϰ ͕ ϱ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϰ ͕ ϱ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϳ Ϭ ϱ d , /   E E  D ϲ ϭ Ϭ z K h E '    h > d  > /  Z  Z /  E Ψ ϰ ϱ ͕ Ϯ ϭ ϵ ͘ Ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϴ Ψ ϰ ϱ ͕ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϱ ϰ ϯϴ ϭ ϴ   > '  Z D  h Z   E D ϲ ϭ Ϭ > /  Z  Z z   ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϭ ϯϴ ϱ Ϯ  , D   D   D ϲ ϭ Ϭ : h E / K Z  > /  Z  Z z   ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϭ ͘ ϰ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϭ ͘ ϰ ϭ ϯϵ Ϭ ϲ t    < Z / ^ d  E D ϲ ϭ Ϭ > /  Z  Z z   ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ ϱ ͕ ϳ ϴ Ϭ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϳ ϴ Ϭ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϯϵ Ϯ Ϭ : K Z   E Z K   Z d D ϲ ϭ Ϭ Z  &  Z  E    > /  Z  Z /  E Ψ Ϯ ϭ ͘ ϴ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϭ ͘ ϴ ϭ ϯϵ Ϯ ϭ ^ W  /  ,  Z  E E D  Z /  D ϲ ϭ Ϭ Z  &  Z  E    > /  Z  Z /  E Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϰ ͘ ϰ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϰ ͘ ϰ ϴ ϰϬ ϳ Ϯ D    Z d , z :  ^ ^ / D ϲ ϭ Ϭ   h > d  ^  Z s /   ^  > /  Z  Z /  E Ψ Ϯ ϴ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϴ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϴ ϲ  K E  K z  E  Z   D ϲ ϭ Ϭ > /  Z  Z z   ^ ^ / ^ d  E d Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϵ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϵ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϬ Ϭ ϵ  Z K E / E    D D ϲ ϯ Ϭ ,     W  Z < / E '  > K d   d d  E   E d Ψ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϰ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϰ ϯ ϭϬ ϭ Ϭ  / D  Z   , > K  D ϲ ϯ Ϭ ,     > / &  ' h  Z  Ψ ϯ ͕ ϱ Ϭ ϴ ͘ Ϭ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϱ Ϭ ϴ ͘ Ϭ ϴ ϭϬ Ϯ ϭ ' h  > & / : K , E D ϲ ϯ Ϭ W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Z   d / K E   / Z   d K Z Ψ ϲ ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϴ ϭϬ ϰ ϵ  > >  E  K > >   E D ϲ ϯ Ϭ W Z K ' Z  D   K K Z  / E  d K Z Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ 55  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϭϬ ϵ ϵ  h Z Z ^  Z  , D ϲ ϯ Ϭ > / &  ' h  Z  Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϯ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϭϭ Ϯ ͘ ϯ ϵ ϭϭ ϭ ϰ   Z Z     E /  , K >  ^ D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϭ ϭ ϳ   ^ d  Z / :   K  D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ ϳ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ ϳ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϭϭ Ϯ Ϭ  K  / E ^ < / W  d  Z D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϳ ϴ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϳ ϴ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϭϭ Ϯ ϴ   E & K Z    s /  D ϲ ϯ Ϭ ,      K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϰ ϲ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϰ ϲ ͘ Ϭ ϰ ϭϭ ϯ Ϭ ' h  > & / D  /  D ϲ ϯ Ϭ ,      K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϵ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϵ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϭϭ ϯ ϯ ,  Z d :  E E / &  Z D ϲ ϯ Ϭ W Z K ' Z  D   K K Z  / E  d K Z Ψ ϭ ϵ ͕ Ϭ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϵ ͕ Ϭ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϰ ϭ ϯ D    K E     ,  Z z D ϲ ϯ Ϭ ^ h D D  Z   / Z   d K Z Ψ ϱ ͕ ϲ Ϯ ϴ ͘ ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϲ Ϯ ϴ ͘ ϭ Ϭ ϯϳ ϯ ϰ <  Z W  E ^ < / t / > > /  D D ϲ ϯ Ϭ > / &  ' h  Z  Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϱ ϴ ͘ ϵ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϱ ϴ ͘ ϵ Ϭ ϯϳ ϯ ϳ  > >  E t / > > /  D D ϲ ϯ Ϭ > / &  ' h  Z  Ψ ϯ ͕ ϱ Ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϲ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϯ ͕ ϱ Ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϲ Ϯ ϯϳ ϱ ϰ  >  D  E d ^  >  y  E   Z D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϰ ϴ ͘ ϳ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϰ ϴ ͘ ϳ ϱ ϯϳ ϱ ϱ  K h d / E , K D /  D ϲ ϯ Ϭ ,      K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϭ ϱ ͘ Ϯ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϭ ϱ ͘ Ϯ ϭ ϯϳ ϱ ϲ ,  Z d  d ,  E D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϳ ϰ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϳ ϰ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϯϳ ϱ ϳ , h   E  Z <  d ,  Z / E  D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϱ ϳ ͘ Ϯ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϱ ϳ ͘ Ϯ ϱ ϯϳ ϱ ϴ D  Z Y h    E d  Z / ' /  D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϯ ϵ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϯ ϵ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϯϳ ϱ ϵ ,  > > K Z  E   / d > z E D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϯ ϯϳ ϲ Ϭ > /   Z d   > /     d , D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϭ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϭ ϯ ϯϳ ϲ ϭ <  d  : K E  d ,  E D ϲ ϯ Ϭ ,      K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϰ ϯ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϰ ϯ ͘ ϴ ϴ ϯϳ ϴ Ϭ D h Z W , z   Z K > / E  D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϯ ϯϵ ϱ Ϯ  K t  E : K , E D ϲ ϯ Ϭ > / &  ' h  Z  Ψ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϵ ͘ Ϭ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϭϯ ϵ ͘ Ϭ ϴ ϯϵ ϱ ϯ , K Z ^ D  E ^ ,  E  D ϲ ϯ Ϭ W  Z < / E '  > K d   d d  E   E d Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϯ ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϯ ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϱ ϯϵ ϱ ϰ ,  > > K Z  E D  '  E D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲ Ϯ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲ Ϯ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ ϱ ϱ   E d z  Z   D ϲ ϯ Ϭ > / &  ' h  Z  Ψ ϵ ϵ ϵ ͘ ϵ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ϵ ϵ ͘ ϵϬ ϯϵ ϱ ϲ <  ^ d  Z Z z  E D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϲ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϭ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϲ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϭ ϯ ϯϵ ϱ ϳ > K '  E   E /  > D ϲ ϯ Ϭ W  Z < / E '  > K d   d d  E   E d Ψ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϱ ϯϵ ϱ ϴ D  > > K z  K > >   E D ϲ ϯ Ϭ W  Z < / E '  > K d   d d  E   E d Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲ ϲ Ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲ ϲ Ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϰ ϯϵ ϱ ϵ ^  , D /  d  D / > z D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϭ ϲ ͘ ϲ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϭ ϲ ͘ ϲ ϯ ϯϵ ϲ Ϭ d , / ^ ^  > > : h > /  D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϴ ϯϵ ϴ Ϯ  / Z  D  d d ,  t D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ ϳ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϯϵ ϴ ϰ >  E  Z z ' Z    D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ ϳ ϰ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϰ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϯϵ ϴ ϱ t  / >  / E ' '   Z /  > >  D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ ϳ ϳ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϳ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ 56  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϰϭ ϯ ϳ W h   / E  d ,  E D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ ϭ ϲ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϭ ϯ ϵ  ^ d  > >    Z K > / E  D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ ϰ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϰϭ ϰ ϭ d  Z Z z  h Z d / ^ D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ ϰ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϰϭ ϰ Ϯ ' Z K ^ ^ D  d d ,  t D ϲ ϯ Ϭ > / &  ' h  Z  Ψ ϯ ϲ ϯ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲϯ ͘ ϲ Ϭ ϰϭ ϰ ϯ D h Z W , z  Z   z D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ ϴ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϰϭ ϰ ϰ ,  D > / E <  d , >   E D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ ϰ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϰϭ ϰ ϱ D K Z E / E ' ^ d  Z > / > > /  E D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ ϭ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϰϭ ϰ ϲ   Z Z       Z  > / E  D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ Ϯ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϰϭ ϰ ϳ  K h s /  Z : K E  d ,  E D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ ϰ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϰϭ ϰ ϴ ^  , D /  d :   K  D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z  ; W  Z < ^  Θ  Z   Ϳ Ψ ϰ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϰϭ ϰ ϵ '  h ' , K E  Z /  E D ϲ ϯ Ϭ > / &  ' h  Z  Ψ ϯ ϲ ϯ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲϯ ͘ ϲ Ϭ ϰϭ ϱ Ϭ ,  D  >  d d , K D  ^ D ϲ ϯ Ϭ  K h E ^  > K Z Ψ ϰ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰϭ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϰϭ ϱ ϭ ,  Z d :  / D /  D ϲ ϯ Ϭ W  Z < / E '  > K d   d d  E   E d Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϯ ͘ ϳ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϯ ͘ ϳ ϱ ϭϵ ϵ ϰ ^ d Z /  < >  E  ^ h ^  E ^ ϯ ϭ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ ϲ ϵ ͘ ϵ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϴ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϭ ϴ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ϯϭ ϯ ϵ D h E '  Z > z  /  ^ ϯ ϭ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ ϯ ͕ ϱ ϰ ϵ ͘ ϳ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϯ ͕ ϱ ϰ ϵ ͘ ϳ ϳ ϮϮ ϲ ϭ & Z    D  E D  Z z  > z E E ^ ϯ ϭ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ͕ϰ ϳ ϭ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ ϵ Ϭ ͕ ϴ ϯ ϴ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ϯϵ ϳ Ϭ d , K D  ^ >  h Z  E ^ ϯ ϭ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϱ ϯ ͘ ϵ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϰ ϵ ͘ ϳ ϰ Ψ Ϯ ϱ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϯϲ Ϭ ϲ ^    K   / K   Z > z ^ ϯ ϭ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϯ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϳ Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϯ ϵ ͘ ϳ ϳ ϯϲ ϭ Ϭ    D ^ :  E E  ^ ϯ ϭ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϯ ϵ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϯ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϲ ϳ ϲ ͘ ϴ Ϭ ϯϲ ϭ ϳ  K >  > >     K Z  , ^ ϯ ϭ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϱ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϱ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϭ Ϭ ϯϲ ϭ ϵ ^ h > > / s  E  D z ^ ϯ ϭ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ Ϯ ϵ ͕ ϰ ϱ ϳ ͘ Ϯ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϵ ͕ ϰ ϱ ϳ ͘ Ϯ Ϯ ϯϲ ϴ ϱ d /  Z E  E Z    <  , ^ ϯ ϭ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϴ ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϵ ϱ ͘ Ϯ ϲ ϯϳ Ϯ Ϭ & >  E   Z ^ :  ^ ^ /   ^ ϯ ϭ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ Ϯ ϰ ͕ Ϯ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϴ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ ͕ ϯ ϱ ϴ ͘ Ϭ ϱ ϯϴ Ϭ Ϯ  /   Z > K Ͳ W / ^ < h Z   > / ^  ^ ϯ ϭ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϴ ϵ Ϯ <  > > z :  E E / &  Z ^ ϯ ϭ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ ϵ ϯ ϰ ͘ ϰ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϴ Ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϵ Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ ϴ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϭ ϳ ϯϵ ϯ ϴ ,   > <  d , >   E ^ ϯ ϭ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϲ ϴ ϵ ͘ ϲ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ ϯ ͘ ϰ Ϯ Ψ ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϵ ϯϵ ϴ ϴ  Z   t  z  ,  > ^   ^ ϯ ϭ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϰϬ Ϭ Ϯ D  E d K E /  > /     d , ^ ϯ ϭ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϲ ϭ ϯ ͘ ϵ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϲ ϭ ϯ ͘ ϵ ϵ ϰϬ Ϭ ϲ Z K  Z /  < >  h Z  > ^ ϯ ϭ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϳ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϭ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϳ ϯ ϰϬ ϭ ϱ W  < >  h Z  > ^ ϯ ϭ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϱ Ϭ ϲ ͘ ϰ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϱ Ϭ ϲ ͘ ϰ ϭ ϭϯ ϭ s K Z    h  Z  z ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϳ ͕ ϵ ϵ ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϵ ϵ ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϯ 57  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϭϯ Ϯ D / E < >  D  Z '  Z  d ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϯ ϱ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϲ ͘ ϰ Ϯ Ψ ϱ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϲ Ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϴ ͕ ϯ Ϭ ϴ ͘ ϵ Ϯ ϯϭ ϲ  K / ^ s  Z d D  Z < ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϱϬ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϰ ͕ ϳ ϵ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϲϯ ϵ ,  Z Z / ^ D  h Z   E ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϱ ͕ ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϳϮ ϰ :   K  > / E   ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϴ ϱ ͕ ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϳϯ Ϭ & / K Z  E d / E K E  E  z ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϮ ͕ ϱ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϳ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϴϲ Ϯ <  E  :  E E / &  Z ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϭϲ ͘ ϳ ϵ Ψ ϳ ϲ ͕ ϲ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϱ ϭ ϵϱ ϴ   s / ^    K Z  , ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϳ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϬ ϯ ϰ D K Z  E t  E  z ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϵ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϭ ͘ ϰ ϴ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϱ Ϭ ͕ ϱ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϰ ϴ ϭϬ ϲ Ϯ ^ ,   >  E :  E   E ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ D  E  '  D  E d   /   Ψ ϳ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϵ ϭ ͘ ϵ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϵ Ϭ ϭϬ ϳ ϭ   E  h > d  D z ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ϵϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϭϮ ϱ Ϭ  h Z E ^ D  h Z   E ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ E h Z ^  Ψ ϲ Ϭ ͕ ϴ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϭ ͕ϴϳ Ϭ ͘ ϳ Ϭ ϭϮ ϲ ϯ &  Z ' h ^ K E ^ h ^  E ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϮ ϵ Ϯ t / > > /  D ^ K E Z       ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϰ Ϯ ϯ , K D  E ^ d    z ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϰ͕Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϰ ϯ Ϭ &  Z Y h ,  Z ^ K E E / E  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϰ ϱ ϵ ^  E & K Z  d / D K d , z ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϯ Ϭ ϵ͘Ϯ ϯ Ψ ϳ Ϯ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϯ ͘ ϳ ϭ ϭϱ ϳ ϯ & >  D / E ' D  Z z   E E  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϰ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϰ Ϯ ϭϱ ϳ ϵ  h > >  E ,  /  / ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϰ͕Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϱ ϴ ϯ W  '  D  h Z   E ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϰ ϲ ϵ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϲ ϵ ͘ ϴ Ϭ ϭϱ ϴ ϲ &  Z ' h ^ K E  K >  d d  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϴ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϴ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϵ ϭϲ ϲ ϭ < E /  '  Z  K E   d d  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ ϭ Ϯ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϵ Ϯ ͘ ϱ ϲ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϱ ϰ Ϯ ͘ ϱ ϲ ϭϳ ϭ Ϯ  > >  E  , Z / ^ d / E  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϳ ϰ ϴ Z z   Z   d , ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ ϵ ϯ ϵ ͘ ϳ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϰ ͕ϬϮ ϵ ͘ ϳ Ϯ ϭϳ ϲ ϳ D    K E  >  D K Z /  , ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϴ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϬϬ ϯ ͘ ϴ ϯ Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϲ ϱ ϭϵ ϱ ϲ E K & ^ / E '  Z   E /  > >  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψϭ ϲ ϯ ͘ ϳ ϭ Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϲ ϵ ͘ Ϯ ϯ ϭϵ ϵ ϳ s h D     :   E E  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϲ ͘ ϯ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϵ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϰ Ψ ϯ ϱ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϳ ͘ Ϭ ϱ ϮϬ ϴ ϭ &  Z Z  > >  > /     d , ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϭϭ ϯ ͘ ϭ ϵ Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϯ ϰ ͘ ϭ ϭ Ϯϭ ϭ ϭ  E   Z ^ K E : h  / d , ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϱ ϱ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϮϮ ϱ ϰ ^ d K E  D z  , ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ Ϭ ͕ ϯ ϴ ϳ ͘ Ϭ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϭ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϵ ϱ Ψ ϲϬ ͕ Ϯ ϭ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϲ Ϯϯ Ϭ Ϯ : h & & Z  ^  E E  D  Z /  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ ϰ ͘ ϱ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ ϰ ͘ ϱ Ϯ Ϯϯ ϳ ϵ W /  <  E ^ <  > > z ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϱ ϵ ͘ϰϰ Ψ ϴ ϱ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ ϴ 58  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ Ϯϰ ϭ ϲ & K Z E   /  Z / :  E /   ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϯ ϯ ͕ ϭ Ϯ ϴ ͘ ϭ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϯ ϯ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϵ ͘ ϰ ϵ Ϯϰ ϱ ϰ Z K  / E ^ K E   d ,  Z / E  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ͕ϯ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϳ ͕ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ϯϱ ϭ ϲ ,  D / > d K E  , Z / ^ d / E  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ ϴ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ ϴ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ϯϱ ϳ Ϯ D h Z  K  < :  E  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ ϳ ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϯ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ ϳ ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϯ ϭ Ϯϲ ϯ ϴ D  z E  Z  ^  E  z ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ ϲ ϯ ϰ ͘ ϴ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϳ Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ ϴ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϵ Ϯϲ ϲ ϱ Z K   Z d ^ :  E /   ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϱ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϱ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϳ ϱ ϭ  ,  ' E K E  >  / E  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ ϲ ϰ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϰ ϳ ϱ ͘ϲϬ Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϵ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ϯϳ ϲ ϳ D  > > K ^ h ^  E ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϲ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϳ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϯ Ψ ϯϭ ͕ ϳ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϵ ϳ Ϯϴ ϭ Ϭ E K Z d K E   E /  > ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϵ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϵ ϯ Ϯ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϳ ϭ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ ϲ Ϯϴ ϲ ϭ E  h ' , d K E D /  ,  > >  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϰ ϲ ͘ ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϰ ϲ ͘ ϭ Ϭ Ϯϴ ϲ ϲ >  Z E  Z >  h Z  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϯ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϭ ϱ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϭ ϱ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ϯϵ Ϯ ϱ  K E ^ d  E d / E K > K Z / ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϭ ͕ ϯ Ϯ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϬϬ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϰ ͕ ϯ Ϯ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϴ ϯϬ ϰ ϲ &  Z E  E    ^ d  W ,  E /  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ Ϯ ϳ ͕ ϵ Ϭ ϳ ͘ ϰ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ͲΨϰ ϭ ͘ ϱ ϵ Ψ Ϯ ϳ ͕ ϴ ϲ ϱ ͘ ϴ ϱ ϯϬ ϳ ϲ W Z  / ^    Z  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϯ ϵ ϲ ͘ ϴ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϵ ϲ ͘ ϴ Ϯ ϯϭ ϲ ϭ   Z Z z <  d  > z E ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϲ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϯ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϯ Ϯ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϯϭ ϲ ϰ W   Z ^ K E < Z / ^ d  E ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϴ ͕ ϰ ϴ ϭ ͘ ϯ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϴ ͕ ϰ ϴ ϭ ͘ ϯ ϯ ϯϭ ϳ Ϯ W  > K Y h / E  > z ^ ^  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϴ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϯ ϰ ϱ͘ϯ ϵ Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϲ ͘ ϲ ϭ ϯϭ ϳ ϰ ^    E Z       ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϯ ϵ ͕ ϯ Ϯ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϰ Ϯ ϯ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϰ Ϭ ͕ ϳ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϴ ϱ ϯϮ ϴ ϯ  h    h >  h Z  E ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W Z / E  / W  > Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϱ ͕ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϱ ͕ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϮ ϵ ϲ z K   Z D  Z '  Z  d ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ ϰ ϴ ϱ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϱ ϳ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϲ ϰ Ϯ ͘ ϱ ϰ ϯϯ ϴ ϭ    h Z  '  Z  D  Z   / d , ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ Ϭ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ Ϭ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϯϰ ϯ ϰ W Z  ^   h   t E ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ ϱ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϯ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ ϱ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϯ Ϯ ϯϰ ϰ ϯ <  , E : h > /  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϲ ϭ ϲ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϲϭ ϲ ͘ ϯ ϲ ϯϰ ϱ ϲ >   Z z Z       ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ Ϭ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰϴ ͕ Ϭ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϯϰ ϳ ϱ d    < / E Z K ^  D  Z z ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ ϭ Ϭ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ Ϯ ϴ ͕ ϳ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϳ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϴ ͕ ϳ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϳ Ϯ ϯϱ Ϭ ϭ ^ Y h  d Z / d K ^ d    z ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϰ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϵ Ϯ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϴ ϵ ͘ ϯ ϯ ϯϱ ϴ ϱ ^ d  E d K E ^ d  W ,  E /  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϬϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϯϱ ϴ ϳ s K >  E d D  > K Z /  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϳ ͕ Ϯ ϱ ϲ ͘ Ϭ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϰ ϳ ͕ Ϯ ϱ ϲ ͘ Ϭ ϲ ϯϱ ϵ ϰ W  E  /  Z    Z > z ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ ϯ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϯϱ ϵ ϳ > h  z <  Z  E ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ Ϯ ϵ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϯ ͘ Ϯ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϯ ϵ͕ϳ ϭ ϵ ͘ ϭ ϲ ϯϱ ϵ ϵ > Ζ  ^ W  Z  E   s /  d K Z /  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϰ Ϯ ϰ ͘ Ϭ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϵ ϲ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϵ ϱ ͘ Ϭ ϱ 59  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϯϲ Ϭ ϰ  Z  ^  /   D z ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϳ ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϳ ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϭ ϯϲ Ϭ ϱ ^ D / d , ,   d ,  Z ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϯ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϯ ϯ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϱ Ϭ ͘ ϭ Ϭ ϯϲ ϯ ϭ D  Z  d :  E E / &  Z ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ ϳ Ϭ ϲ ͘ ϯ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϰ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϯ Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϴ ϱ ϱ ͘ ϯ ϲ ϯϲ ϴ ϲ  K d K ^  >  E  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ ϲ Ϯ ϴ ͘ ϯ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϭ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϱ ϰ Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϳ ϱ ϳ ͘ ϴ ϴ ϯϳ ϴ ϲ  K E E K Z ^ d / D K d , z ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ ϲ ϯ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϴ ϱ ϲ ͘ ϴ ϲ Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϰ ϵ ϭ ͘ ϳ Ϭ ϯϳ ϵ ϵ  h ^ , D  E    Z  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϰ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ ϯϴ Ϭ ϴ W  Z < K ^ < / >  h Z  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϲ ϴ ͘ ϳ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψ ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϲ ϴ Ϭ ͘ ϴ ϳ ϯϴ ϭ ϯ , K t  > > ^  Z  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϭ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ ϱϲ ͕ ϭ ϴ Ϯ ͘ ϯ ϴ ϯϴ ϱ Ϭ   / >  z W  D  >  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϭ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϳ Ϯ ͘ ϴ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϳ Ϯ ͘ ϴ ϰ ϯϵ ϭ ϭ d Z  / E K Z ^  D  E d ,  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϭ ϵ ͕ ϱ ϲ ϴ ͘ ϴ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϴ ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϳ Ψ Ϯ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϳ ϵ ͘ Ϭ ϵ ϯϵ ϰ ϱ ^ h    W  > > / : z K d , / ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϲ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϲ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϭ ϭ W  > D  Z D  '  E ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ ϭ ϵ ͕ ϴ ϰ ϴ ͘ Ϭ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϴ ͘ Ϯ Ϯ Ψ ϭ ϵ ͕ ϳ ϯ ϵ ͘ ϳ ϵ ϰϬ ϭ Ϯ  D  Z ^ ,  < Z  E  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϭ Ϯ ϰϬ ϭ ϲ ' Z  h d ^ < /  Z / ^ ^  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϯ Ϭ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϯ Ϭ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϲ ϰϬ ϭ ϴ &  Z Z  / Z  Ͳ  h Z '  ^ ^ :  / D  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ͕ϱ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϱ Ϭ t  > ^ , ^ d  &  E /  ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ ϴ ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ ϴ ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ ϵ ϰϬ ϵ ϲ K ^  K Z E  D  ' ,  E ^ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϵ ͕ ϴ Ϭ ϳ ͘ Ϯ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϴ Ϭ ϳ ͘ Ϯ ϭ ϰ   ' >  z ^ h ^  E ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϯ ϱ ϰ ͘ ϵϳ Ψ ϴ ϱ ͕ Ϭ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϲ ϳ ϭϬ Ϯ ϴ <   E  d , K D  ^ ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϲ ϭ ϵ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϲ ͕ ϰ ϭ ϲ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϭϬ ϰ ϯ   / E <  d , Z z E ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ E h Z ^  Ψ ϱ ϴ ͕ ϳ ϰ Ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϲ ͘ ϰ ϰ Ψϲ ϳ ͕ ϭ Ϭ ϵ ͘ Ϭ ϴ ϭϮ Ϭ ϰ W Z / K Z >  ^ > /  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϳ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϮ ϳ ϲ D  Z d / E :   E E  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϱ ͕ ϰ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϮ ϳ ϳ  > d  s / > >   E E  Ͳ D  Z /  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϯ ͕ ϴ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϲ ϳ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϲ ϳ ϭϲ ϲ ϱ >  s  Z ' K K  & Z  E ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ ϵ Ϭ ϭ ͘ ϭ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϳ ͕ ϱ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϭ ϲ ϭϳ Ϯ ϭ ^  ,  Z d E  Z < Z / ^ d  E ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϭϳ ϳ Ϭ K Ζ ^ ,  h ' , E  ^ ^ z   E  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϲ Ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϲ Ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϴ ϭ ϱ ^ d  / E Z K E  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϭϵ Ϯ ϴ   ^ / >   , Z / ^ d / E  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϵ ϯ ϳ ^ h > > / s  E < / D   Z > z ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϭϵ ϲ ϭ & K / ^ z   Z   Z  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ ϳ ϯ ϰ ͘ Ϯ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϰ Ϯ ͘ ϲ ϴ Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϳ ϲ ͘ ϵ ϲ ϮϬ ϳ ϯ '  h ^  K E E /  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϴ ϲ ͘ ϰ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϴ ͕ϱϴ ϲ ͘ ϰ ϰ 60  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϮϬ ϳ ϳ <  ^  < K & & : K  / ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϯ Ϭ ϵ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϯ Ϭ ϵ ͘ ϯ ϲ ϮϬ ϳ ϵ  K E ^ d  E d / E  :  E  d ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϬϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϵ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϮϮ ϯ ϭ   > >  ,  E   d , ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϳ ϱ͘ϲ ϴ Ψ ϵ ϱ ͕ Ϭ ϱ ϭ ͘ ϯ Ϯ ϮϮ ϯ ϰ D K Z d  Z  > > / < Z / ^ d z ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϯ Ϭ ϴ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϴϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϳ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϭ Ϯ ϮϮ ϰ Ϭ D  Z  / > > /  Z /  '  d ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϰϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ ϴ ϰ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϮϮ ϰ ϱ D  ' K s  Z E   E / ^  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϮϮ ϳ ϰ W  '  : h > /  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϴ ϳ ͕ ϲ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϮϮ ϵ ϭ ^ D / d , > z E   ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϱ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϱ ϲ Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ ϯ ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϯ Ϯϯ Ϭ ϭ ^   d  Z :  ^ ^ /   ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ϯϰ Ϭ Ϭ K Ζ D  > >  z >  h Z  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϵ ϭ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϵ ϭ͘ϵ ϲ Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϴ ϯ ͘ ϳ Ϯ Ϯϱ ϱ ϯ ^ W  Z K E / E  E  / ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϯ ϱ ͕ ϰ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϲ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϯ ϵ ͘ ϴ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ ϰ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϵ Ϭ Ϯϱ ϵ ϯ /    Z K >  : h E  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϭ ϳ ͕ ϴ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ ͕ ϱ Ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ϯϱ ϵ ϰ  ,  ' E K E  K E E /  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϲϳ ͘ Ϯ ϲ Ψ ϵ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϰ Ϯ ͘ ϵ Ϭ Ϯϲ ϱ Ϭ  K E Z K z > z E E ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϳ ͕ Ϯ ϲ Ϭ ͘ ϯ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϵ Ϯ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ ϲϳ ͕ ϱ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϳ ϰ Ϯϲ ϱ ϲ t / ' ' / E D  Z '  Z  d ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϱ Ϯ ϯ ͘ ϵ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϱ Ϯ ϯ ͘ ϵ ϳ Ϯϳ ϱ Ϯ  K E Z K z < Z / ^ d / E ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϴ ϲ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϴ ϲ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ϯϳ ϲ Ϯ ,  D D  Z  D z ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯϯ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ϯϳ ϲ ϲ D    Z d , z Ͳ ' / > > :  E ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϰϵ Ϭ ͘ ϰ ϳ Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϰ ϱ ϲ ͘ ϴ ϯ Ϯϳ ϵ ϵ D  Z d  >  z E d , /  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϳ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϭ Ϭ Ϯϴ Ϭ ϯ ^ d  Z / E ' <  Z Z / ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ ϵ ϳ ϳ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϵ ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϳ ͕ ϰ ϭ ϵ ͘ ϰ ϭ Ϯϴ Ϭ ϴ E  W K > / d  E K ^ h ^  E ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ ϭ Ϭ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϱ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϱ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϴ ϴ ϳ D   < >  h Z  E ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϳ ϭ ͘ ϭ ϭ Ψ ϴ ϱ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϱ Ϯϵ ϰ Ϭ t / E d  Z ^ D   ' ,  E ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϳ ϲ ϯϬ ϳ ϴ ^ t   E  z  , Z / ^ d K W ,  Z ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ Ϭ ͕ ϯ ϭ ϯ ͘ ϰ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϰ ϯ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ ͕ ϳ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϰ ϲ ϯϭ ϯ ϰ <  > > z  E / d  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳϲ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϯϮ ϰ ϭ D    K E  >     K Z  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϳ ͕ ϳ Ϭ ϴ ͘ Ϯ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϳ Ϭ ϴ ͘ Ϯ ϵ ϯϮ ϵ ϯ   Z s  Z  E E  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ W Z / E  / W  > Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϵ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϭ Ϭ ϵ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϯϮ ϵ ϵ Z K  / E ^ K E E /  K >  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϴ ͕ ϲ Ϭ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲ ϲϬ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϲ ϱ ͘ ϭ Ϯ ϯϯ Ϭ Ϯ  Z h   :  ^ ^ /   ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϱ ϭ ϳ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϭ ϳ ͘ Ϯ ϲ Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϯ ϯϯ ϭ Ϯ     Z  : h Z  E h <  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϲ ͕ Ϯ ϴ ϭ ͘ ϴ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϲ ͕ Ϯ ϴ ϭ ͘ ϴ Ϯ ϯϯ Ϯ ϵ   D  h d K D  Z z ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϯ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϴ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϵ Ψϱ ϴ ͕ ϵ ϭ ϳ ͘ ϯ ϯ 61  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϯϯ ϳ Ϯ   Z s  Z   Z K > z E ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ Ϯ ϭ Ϯ ͘ϳϴ Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϲ ϴ ϰ ͘ ϵ Ϯ ϯϯ ϵ Ϭ E  t d K E   d , ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ ϰ ϱ Ϭ ͘ ϴ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰϵ ͕ Ϭ ϱ Ϭ ͘ ϴ Ϯ ϯϯ ϵ ϱ   Z D K  z Z  '  E ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϯ ͕ ϴ ϰ ϱ ͘ ϰ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϯ ͕ ϴ ϰ ϱ ͘ ϰ Ϯ ϯϰ ϰ Ϯ >    D K > > z ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϭ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϰ Ϭ ϳ ͘ ϴ ϲ Ψϱ ϴ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϳ ϰ ϯϰ ϳ ϰ d  E  ' > /   , Z / ^ d / E  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ ϴ ϯ ϯ ͘ ϭ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭϲ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ ϵ ϵ ϴ ͘ ϭ ϴ ϯϱ Ϭ ϳ > / W K  < z : K  E E  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ ϭ Ϯ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϲ Ϭ ϯϱ ϭ ϰ D h > s  z : K ^  W , ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ ϰ ϱ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϲ Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϰ ϳ ϴ ͘ ϳ Ϭ ϯϱ Ϯ ϲ ^ h > > / s  E  > /     d , ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϴ ͕ ϭ Ϭ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϰ ϱ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϳ ϯϱ ϱ ϭ ^ > K K < >  h Z  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϵ ͕ ϳ ϱ ϵ ͘ Ϯ ϭ Ψ ϭ ϵ ͕ϳϱ ϵ ͘ Ϯ ϭ ϯϱ ϳ ϯ >  t d K E <  > > z ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϵ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϲ͕ϭ ϵ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϲ Ϯ ϵ    < t / d , ^ d    z ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϯϲ ϯ Ϭ D K Z / E < / D   Z >  z ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϳ Ϯ ϯ D    E E  /   E ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ  ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  W Z / E  / W  >  Ϯ ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϱ ϴ ͘ ϵ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϱ ϴ ͘ ϵ Ϯ ϯϳ ϴ ϴ ,  > > K Z  E >  h Z  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϴ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϲ ͕ ϰ ϴ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϳ ϵ Ϭ d Z   ^ < K ^  D / > z ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ ϴ ϯ ϯ ͘ ϭ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϰ ϴ ͕ ϴ ϯ ϯ ͘ ϭ ϴ ϯϳ ϵ ϯ ^ D  Z >  ^  ^ , >  z ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϱ ͕ Ϭ ϱ Ϭ ͘ ϯ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϯ ϴ Ϯ ͘ ϳ ϱ Ψ ϯ ϳ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϵ ϯϴ Ϭ ϰ  h ' '  E Z , /  E ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϴ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϯ͕ϰ ϴ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϴ Ϯ Ϭ W  d d  E  Z / d d  E z ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϰ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϯ ϴ ϳ ͘ ϭ ϭ Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϱ ϭ ͘ ϱ Ϯ ϯϵ Ϯ Ϯ t  >  z D  E  z ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϵ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϴ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ͕ ϵ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϴ ϲ ϯϵ Ϯ ϯ  K K <  >  E  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϯ ͕ ϲ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϴ Ψ ϯ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϭ ϴ ͘ ϱ ϵ ϯϵ ϳ Ϯ Z K ^  E   >  <  d , Z z E ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϱϬ ͘ ϴ ϯ Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϭ ϯ ͘ ϰ ϳ ϰϬ Ϭ ϵ W  W  z  E E K W K h > K ^   d ,  Z / E  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϴ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϴ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϭ ϰ >  E '  Z ^ d  W ,  E /  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϯ ͕ ϵ ϴ ϴ ͘ Ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϯ ͕ ϵ ϴ ϴ ͘ Ϯ ϲ ϰϬ ϯ ϱ  K >  E   Z  < ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ Ϯ ϵ ͕ ϲ Ϭ ϭ ͘ ϵ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϵ ͕ ϲ Ϭ ϭ ͘ ϵ Ϯ ϰϬ ϰ ϳ /   K s  > > /    E E  ^ ϯ ϯ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ ϭ ϱ ͕ Ϯ ϯ ϲ ͘ ϰ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ ͕ Ϯ ϯ ϲ ͘ ϰ ϯ ϯϵ ϵ ^  E d h   / & Z  E   ^ ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϯ ϱ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϭ ͘ ϵ ϲ Ψ ϱ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϵ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϴ ͕ ϴ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϰ ϲ ϱϰ Ϯ d K Z d K Z  > >    Z  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ͕ϱ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϴ ͕ ϳ ϭ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϳϮ Ϯ t , / d  Z K   Z d ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϳϴ ϰ W  E  >  d K E W  D  >  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϳϴ ϱ & K y ^  Z  , ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ϵϳ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϴϳ ϳ & Z  E < : K  E ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ 62  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϭϬ ϰ ϭ &  >  D  E Z       ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϰ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϵ Ϭ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϮ ϱ ϭ  h Z E ^ D  Z z Ͳ > K h ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϮ ϴ ϲ >  t    E E  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϴ ϰ ͕ ϵ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϯ ϲ ϭ d Z  D  >  z D  Z /   d , ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϭϯ ϵ ϳ ^  s  '  : K Z   E  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϯ ͕ ϱ ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϭ Ϯ ϯ͘ϳ Ϯ Ψ ϲ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϯ ϰ ͘ ϰ ϱ ϭϰ Ϯ Ϯ t / > < /  <  > > z ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϴ͕ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϭϱ ϰ ϲ  /  D K E  W  d Z /  /  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϭ ϱ ͕ ϳ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϴ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϳ ϳ͘ϰ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ ϲ ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϲ ϭϱ ϲ ϳ ^ /  '  > Z   ,  > ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϱ ϰ ϲ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϴ ϳ ͘ϯϮ Ψ ϯ ϯ ͕ ϵ ϯ ϰ ͘ ϭ Ϯ ϭϳ ϯ ϭ <  h & D  E : / > > /  E ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϳ ϱ ϯ  ^   >  :  ^ ^ /   ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϱ ϰ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϭϵ ϭ ϰ & h D  Z K >  < Z / ^ d / E ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϰ ϳϮ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ ϳ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϵ ϯ ϴ >  t / E ^ < z <  d , >   E ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϯϱ ϴ ͘ ϰ Ϯ Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϱ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϴ ϴ ϭϵ ϯ ϵ  >  Z < D  Z /  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ Ϭ ͕ ϴ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ Ϯ ͘ ϴ ϴ ϭϵ ϱ ϯ : K Z   E :  E E / &  Z ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϲ ϲϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϳ ͕ ϳ ϯ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ϯϭ ϵ ϭ >  E d K E / W  D  >  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϭ ϴ ͕ ϰ Ϯ ϯ ͘ ϯ ϵ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϵ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϯ ϵ Ϯϭ ϵ ϯ D K d z <  D K / Z  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ ϰ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ͕ϰ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϭ Ϭ ϮϮ ϭ ϵ ^ ,   :  z E  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϴ ϲ ͘ ϴ ϳ Ψϴ Ϭ ͕ ϭ ϱ ϭ ͘ ϭ ϳ Ϯϯ ϯ ϰ <  ^ ^ >  Z :   E E  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϰ Ϭ ͘ ϵ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϰ Ϭ ͘ ϵ ϴ Ϯϯ ϴ ϯ ^ d  &  E  / < :  E  E  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ϯϵ ϱ ͘ ϰ ϯ Ψ ϵ ϱ ͕ ϰ ϳ ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϳ Ϯϯ ϵ ϴ d  z > K Z d Z  s K Z ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ϯϰ Ϭ ϰ &   Z /   E d ^ h ^  E ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϱ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϱ ϴ Ϯϱ ϭ ϯ ^ h > > / s  E  , Z / ^ d / E  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϯ Ϭ ϴ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϯ Ϭ ϴ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ϯϱ ϯ Ϯ D K Z  E ^ ,  > > z ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ Ϭ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϱ ͘ ϯ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϳ ϯ ϯ ͘ ϯϬ Ψ ϱ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϳ ϴ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ϯϲ ϯ Ϯ W / Y h  Z  < / D   Z > z ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ ϭ Ϯ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ϯϲ ϯ ϳ Z /    Z  /   / d > / E ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϲ ͕ ϵ ϵ ϲ ͘ ϰ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϲϬ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϱ ϵ ϲ ͘ ϰ Ϯ Ϯϲ ϰ ϳ W / Z  ^  W Z / > ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ϯϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϲ ϲ ϰ W , / > > / W ^ <  > > z ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϭ ϴ ͘ ϭ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϭ ϲ ͘ ϰϱ Ψ ϱ Ϯ ͕ ϵ ϯ ϰ ͘ ϲ ϭ Ϯϴ ϯ ϴ   Z E ^ d  / E   s /  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϲ Ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϲ Ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ϯϴ ϱ ϯ ^ d  Z  z < ^ h   E E  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ Ϯ ϰ ͕ ϳ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϰ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϰ ͕ ϳ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϰ ϱ Ϯϵ ϭ ϵ Z  ^ D h ^ ^  E  Z / E ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϱ ͕ ϳ ϳ ϳ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϭ ϭ ͘ Ϭϱ Ψ ϰ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϲ ϱ Ϯϵ ϯ ϳ ^  h E   Z ^ D  ' ,  E ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϱ ϴ ϳ ͘ ϴ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϱ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϳ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϴ Ϯ 63  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ Ϯϵ ϵ ϵ   s /  ^ , K &  Z D  Z z ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ Ϭ ͕ ϴ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϲ Ϭ ͕ ϴ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϴ ϴ ϯϭ ϭ ϳ D   W ,  Z ^ K E  , Z / ^ d K W ,  Z ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϳ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϰ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϲ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϯϮ Ϭ ϲ   D  Z K E   d ,  Z / E  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϯ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϰ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϰ ϵ ϯϮ ϯ ϱ Z  z E K >  ^ <  d , >   E ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ ϭ Ϭ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ Ϯ ϴ ͕ Ϭ ϰ ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϴ ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϯ Ϯ Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϴ ϱ ϯ ͘ ϱ ϳ ϯϯ Ϭ ϯ   > E  E D  Z /  > ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϳ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϳ ͕ ϴ ϲ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϯϯ Ϭ ϲ <  Z > ^ Z   ,  > ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϲ ϭ ϲ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϭ ϴ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψϯ ϳ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϯ ϭ ϱ t  > > E  Z d Z   / ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϴ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱϯ ͕ ϰ ϴ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϰ ϰ ϰ  >     Z ^ <  / d > / E ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϵ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϱ ϵ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϯϰ ϱ ϰ  / >  > > K s  E  ^ ^  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ W Z / E  / W  > Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϵ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϵ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϯϰ ϲ Ϯ    K Z  d <  d ,  Z / E  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϯ ͕ ϱ ϲ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϲ ϯ ͕ ϱ ϲ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϰ ϲ ϰ D    K E  >    / d > / E ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ϬϬ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϯϰ ϵ ϰ D  , h ' , D  '  E ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ Ϭ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϳϬ Ψ ϱ Ϭ ͕ ϴ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϯϱ ϱ ϱ ^ d   E D K > > z ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ E h Z ^  Ψ ϲ Ϭ ͕ ϴ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϯ ϱ ͘ ϭ ϭ Ψ ϲ ϭ ͕ϮϬ ϱ ͘ ϴ ϭ ϯϱ ϳ ϱ   s  E ^   E ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϯϱ ϳ ϵ  h   d   Z > z ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϵ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲϯ ͕ Ϯ ϰ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϲ ϯϱ ϴ ϭ   Z < / E :  ^ ^ /   ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϱ ͕ ϳ Ϭ ϲ ͘ ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϱ ͕ ϳ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϭ Ϭ ϯϱ ϴ Ϯ E / < K >  :  E E / &  Z ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϰ ϯ ϲ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϯ ϲ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϯϱ ϴ ϴ  K K < E /  K >  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϲ ϵ Ψϰ ϯ ͕ ϴ ϴ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϳ ϯϱ ϵ ϯ D  t  Z / ^ d z ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϭ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϭ ϱ ͘ ϰ ϱ Ψ ϱ ϱ͕ϳ ϵ ϵ ͘ ϰ ϯ ϯϲ ϱ Ϭ D   K D   Z  >  / Z  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϵ ϵ ϭ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϱ ϯ ͘ ϰ Ϯ Ψ ϯ ϱ ͕ Ϭ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϱ ϰ ϯϲ ϵ ϵ  K E  >  E W  d Z /  /  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϴ ͕ ϵ ϵ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϯ ϰ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϳ Ϭ Ϯ W > h D  <  d  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϲ Ϭ ϭ ͘ ϵ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϴ Ψ Ϯ ϯ ͕ ϯ ϰ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϭ ϯϳ ϰ ϰ & h Z d   K D  / Z    ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ ϯ ϰ ϳ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϴ ϳ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϲ ϯ ϰ ͘ ϭ ϲ ϯϳ ϰ ϱ  K ' Z  E D /  ,   >  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϯ ϵ ͕ ϰ ϱ ϯ ͘ ϵ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ Ϭ Ϯϭ ͘ ϳ ϯ Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϯ ϯϳ ϲ ϳ    ^ K E : h > /  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ  ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  W Z / E  / W  >  Ϯ ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϱ ϴ ͘ ϵ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϱ ϴ ͘ ϵ Ϯ ϯϳ ϴ ϵ < Z  D  Z D K > > z ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϭ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϱ͕ϴ ϭ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϴ ϯϴ Ϭ ϳ >  s z d  z > K Z ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϱ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϳ ͘ ϴ Ϯ Ψ ϯ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϲ ϵ ͘ ϯ ϯ ϯϴ ϭ Ϭ D   K Z s  z > /  E  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϴ ϱ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϰ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϴ ϱ ͘ ϲ Ϭ ϯϴ Ϯ ϱ Z   Z  K E  K > >   E ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϯ ϭ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ ϲ ͘ ϱ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϭ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ ϲ ͘ ϱ ϰ ϯϴ ϯ Ϯ   E d z  > z E  Z  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ ϱ ͘ ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϵ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϭ ϱ ͘ ϭ Ϭ ϯϴ ϴ ϯ W  W W  Z ^   <  >  E  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ Ϯ ϯ ͕ ϱ ϳ ϰ ͘ Ϯ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ ͕ ϲ Ϭ ϯ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϵ ͕ ϭ ϳ ϳ ͘ ϰ ϴ 64  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϯϵ ϵ ϱ W  Z    >  h Z  E ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϴ ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰϭ ͕ Ϭ ϴ ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϰ ϰϬ Ϭ ϰ D K E d ' K D  Z z D  Z ^ ,  ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ ϭ ϵ ͕ ϳ ϯ ϴ ͘ ϰ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϵ ͕ ϳ ϯ ϴ ͘ ϰ ϭ ϰϬ Ϯ ϯ Z  s  ^ /  ,  Z z > ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϲ ͕ ϴ ϱ ϰ ͘ ϭ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϴ ϱ ϰ ͘ ϭ ϵ ϰϬ Ϯ ϱ < / ^ / :  ^ h    ^ ϯ ϰ Ϭ D / ^   > >  E  K h ^   D W > K z   Ψ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϳ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϱ ϰ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϲ ϭ  Z K K < ^ > / E   ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϰϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ Ϯ ϴ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϳϮ ϯ s  Z Z  <  / d , ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϰ ͕ Ϯ ϲϰ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ψ ϵ ϵ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϵ ͘ ϲ ϴ ϭϬ ϯ Ϭ <  ^ W Z  < >     E E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ Ϯ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϭ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϱ ͘ Ϯ ϭ ϭϭ Ϯ ϵ W >    ^ d    z ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϭ Ϯ ϳ͘ϱ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϭϭ ϯ ϳ  K E E  Z   Z K > z E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϴϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϱ Ψ ϵ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϵ ϭϭ ϴ ϵ & Z  ^  Z ^ h ^  E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϵ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϲ Ϯ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϲ ϭϮ ϲ ϲ s  Z Z  D  Z z ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϴ͕ϵ Ϭ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϭϰ ϯ ϱ E K  >  <  Z z E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕Ϭϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϱ ϯ ϲ D  E  > > z   t E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϲ ϱ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϲ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϱ ϰ ϳ D  ^ K E   d ,  Z / E  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϱ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϱ ϱ ϯ D   h Z <  > > z Ͳ  E E  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϭϱ ϴ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψ ϵ ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϯ ϯ ͘ ϳ ϲ ϭϱ ϱ ϰ   / ' E   h > d ^  Z  , ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϲϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϵ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϳ Ϭ ϲ   ^  z :  D  ^ ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϭ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϭϳ Ϯ Ϯ E K Z  z  /  E  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϳ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴϰ ͕ ϰ ϱ Ϭ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϳ ϰ Ϯ ' Z   z D  Z z  > >  E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϳ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϭϳ ϱ Ϭ W  Y h  d d  Z /  ,  Z  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϴϬ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϴ ϰ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϳ ϳ Ϯ D   Z /   > K Z / ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ϭ Ϭ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϯ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϵ ϲ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϰ ϱ ϵ ͘ Ϯ ϵ ϭϳ ϴ Ϯ d , /  > >  h Z  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ ϳ ͕ ϭ ϰ ϴ ͘ ϯ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϭ ϴ ͘ ϳ ϱ Ψ Ϯ ϳ ͕ ϭ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϱ ϳ ϭϳ ϴ ϳ    Z /   D / Z /  D ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϯ ϰ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϵ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϴ Ϭ Ϭ  >   < Z       ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ ϳ ͕ Ϯ ϲ ϲ ͘ ϰ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͘ ϱ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϱ Ψ Ϯ ϴ ͕ ϳ Ϭ ϱ ͘ Ϯ ϯ ϭϴ Ϯ ϲ   >  K  Z / d  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ϭ Ϯ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϱ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϲ Ϭ ϭϵ Ϭ ϵ ^  E d K ^ < Z / ^ d  E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ ϱ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϱ ͕ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϵ ϰ ϱ D   h Z   E /  > ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϭ ϳ ͘ϭϵ Ψ ϵ ϳ ͕ Ϯ ϵ Ϯ ͘ ϴ ϯ ϮϬ ϴ Ϯ ' / & & K Z  ,  > > z  E E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϴ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϴ Ϯ Ϯϭ Ϭ ϯ W h Z  z   s /  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͕ ϳ ϯ ϵ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ϯϭ ϱ ϱ , K & & D  E Z    <  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ ϲ ϱ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ ϲ ϱ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϭ ϴ Ϯ  h Z <  <  > > z ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ E h Z ^  Ψ ϲ Ϭ ͕ ϴ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ϲ ϭ ͘ ϵ ϱ Ψ ϲ ϭ ͕ϴϯ Ϯ ͘ ϲ ϱ 65  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϮϮ Ϯ ϴ  Z /  E d /     z ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϳ Ϭ ϯ ͘ϭϮ Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ ϰ Ϯ ϮϮ ϯ ϲ Z /  ,  Z  ^  E  Z   ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϮϮ ϰ ϲ W  Z <  Z : K , E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϮϮ ϰ ϴ  E h ^  h ^ <  ^   d ,  Z / E  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϯ ϭ ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϳ Ψ ϴ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϱ ϴ ͘ ϯ ϳ ϮϮ ϱ ϵ , h  ^ d / ^   D  Z  E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϭ ϰ ͘ϱϯ Ψ ϳ ϵ ͕ ϰ ϳ ϴ ͘ ϴ ϯ ϮϮ ϲ ϯ D  >   E D K E /   ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϴ Ϯ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϮϮ ϳ Ϯ   K E K D K  > /     d , ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕Ϭϳ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ Ϭ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ϯϯ ϳ ϰ <   Z E  z :  & & Z  z ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϬϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϱ ͕ ϱ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ϯϯ ϴ Ϯ t  / ^ ^ D  '  E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϵ ϭ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ Ϯ ϰ ϯ ͘ ϭ ϱ Ψϳ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϰ ϴ ͘ ϲ ϭ Ϯϯ ϴ ϲ   > >  ' ,  E < Z / ^ d / ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϵ ϱ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϵ ͕ ϭ ϱ ϵ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ϯϯ ϵ Ϭ ,  z  ^ D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϵ ϵ Ϯ ͘ Ϯϭ Ψ ϳ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϰ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϯ Ϯϰ Ϭ ϵ  K  '  :  Z  D z ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϱ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϳ ϰ ͕ ϵ ϴ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ϯϱ Ϭ ϰ  Z  E E  E D  Z < ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϳ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϱ ϳ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ϯϱ Ϯ Ϭ <  E E  > > z :  E E / &  Z ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϱ ϯ ϱ K Ζ  K E E  > > D  d d ,  t ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ϲϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϲ ͕ Ϭ Ϯ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϱ ϳ ϱ Z K  < t K K   ,  Z >  ^ ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϳ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϳϴ ϳ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϰ ͕ Ϯ ϯ ϭ ͘ ϭ ϰ Ϯϲ Ϯ ϱ <  > >  Z  >  E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ W Z / E  / W  > Ψ ϭ ϰ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϭ ϰ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ϯϲ ϯ ϱ E /  > ^  E > / ^  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϳ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ϯϲ ϳ ϰ & / >  K t :  z E  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϯ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϰ ϴ ͘ ϰ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϴ ͘ ϰ Ϯ Ϯϳ ϳ Ϯ ^ E z   Z ^ d  W ,  E /  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϳ ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϳϴ ϴ ͘ ϯ ϴ Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϭ ͘ ϲ Ϯ Ϯϳ ϴ ϲ ^ > K  E E K Z   E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͕ ϲ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ ϵ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ϯϴ ϰ Ϯ < / Z ^ ,  E   h D ^ ,  E E K E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϮ ͕ ϱ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϱ ϰ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ϯϵ ϯ ϭ >   >  E   Z h   ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϲ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϯϬ ϯ Ϭ  Z h D D  d d <  d ,  Z / E  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϳ ͘ ϴ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϳ ͘ ϴ ϱ ϯϬ ϯ ϲ ^ /   >   < / D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ϱϳ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϵ ͕ ϱ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϯϬ ϰ ϱ  /  ^ >  h Z  E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϬ ϱ Ϭ K Ζ d K K >  <  d ,  Z / E  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ ϵ ϯ ϭ ͘ ϰ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϬϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϯ ͕ ϱ ϯ ϭ ͘ ϰ ϰ ϯϬ ϱ Ϯ    d  Z       ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϳ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϯ ͕ ϲ ϭ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϯϬ ϲ ϳ D  <  E  /  >  h Z  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ  K   , Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϮϬ ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϭ Ϭ ϱ < / Z ^ ,  E   h D D  Z z & Z  E   ^ ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϯ ϭ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϳ ͕ ϳ ϰ ϲ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϯϭ Ϭ ϲ D  ^  /  < Z / ^ d / E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϯ Ϭ ϴ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϯ ϳ͘ϯ ϴ Ψ ϴ ϲ ͕ ϱ ϰ ϱ ͘ ϱ Ϭ 66  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϯϭ ϱ ϵ > z E  ^ ^  /  E E  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϭ ϱ ͕ ϰ Ϭ ϰ ͘ ϱ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϵ ͘ ϭ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϭ ͘ ϲ Ϯ Ψ ϭ ϳ ͕ ϳ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϯ ϱ ϯϭ ϲ Ϯ < K h Z / ^  , Z / ^ d / E  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ ϯ ϴ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϯϭ ϳ ϱ  t / > > / E '  Z :  ^ ^ /   ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϲ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴϱ ϯ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ ϱ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϳ ϴ ͘ ϴ Ϭ ϯϭ ϳ ϴ  >   Z D  '  E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϯ ͕ ϱ ϲ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲϯ ͕ ϳ ϭ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϮ ϲ ϰ W  E  /  E / E W  <  >  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϵ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ Ϯ ϰ͘ϲ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϳ ϰ ͘ ϰ Ϭ ϯϮ ϳ Ϯ W K Z  / K D  Z '  Z / d  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϯ ϴ ͕ ϰ ϱ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲϮ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϰ ϯϮ ϵ Ϯ   E   E  <  E E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ  ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  W Z / E  / W  >  ϭ Ϯ  D K E d , Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϵ ϵ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϵ ϵ ͘ Ϭ ϰ ϯϯ Ϭ ϭ  Z K t E  , Z / ^ d / E  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϵ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ Ϯϳ ͘ Ϯ ϴ Ψ ϲ ϰ ͕ Ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϯ ϰ ϯϯ Ϭ ϱ  Z K   Z ' < z > /  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϭ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϳ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϯϯ Ϯ ϴ t K K   > /     d , ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ Ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ ϯ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϱ Ϭ ϲ ͘ Ϯ ϲ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϱ ϵ ϯϯ ϯ ϵ ^  E E    > /  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϭ ϰ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϱ ϱ ͘ ϴ ϱ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϵ ϱ ϴ ͘ ϱ ϱ ϯϯ ϲ Ϭ ^ d /  < E  z d Z   z ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ ϰ ϰ Ϯ ͘ ϰ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϯϳ ͘ ϱ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϭ ϴ ͘ ϵ ϯ Ψ ϰ ϱ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϴ ͘ ϴ ϵ ϯϰ Ϭ Ϯ D   ,  E t / > > /  D ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ͕ϯ ϯ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϳ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ ϭ Ϭ ϰ ͘ Ϯ ϳ ϯϰ Ϭ ϱ W / E d K    Z  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϱ ͕ ϭ ϱ Ϭ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϯϰ ϭ ϲ ^ ,  Z t / > > :  E  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϭ ϰ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ ϱ ϵ ϰ ͘ ϳ Ϭ ϯϰ Ϯ ϳ d , K Z E d K E Ͳ '  E K s  <  Z Z z ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϯ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϰ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϴ ͕ ϵ ϴ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϯϰ ϰ Ϭ K >  ^ ^ ,  E E K E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϵ ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϲ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϭ ϲ ͘ Ϯ ϲ ϯϰ ϰ ϭ D  ^  /  : K ^  W , ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϭ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϳ ϵ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϯϰ ϱ ϱ  ,  E  z D  >  K > D ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ Ϭ ͕ ϳ ϴ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϳ ϰ ͘ Ϭϵ Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϱ ϴ ͘ ϰ ϱ ϯϰ ϱ ϵ ^ d  Z > / E ' ^  Z  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϳ ϰ ͘ ϱ ϴ Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϯ ϴ ͘ ϴ ϴ ϯϰ ϲ ϭ < / Z ^ ,  E   h D >  h Z  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ϯϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϱ ͕ ϳ ϱ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϰ ϲ ϯ ,  Z Z / ^ ^  D  E d ,  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ Ϭ ϵ ϵ ͘ ϲ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϴ ϯ ϴ͘ϵ ϱ Ψ ϳ ϰ ͕ Ϯ ϲ Ϭ ͘ ϳ Ϯ ϯϰ ϲ ϴ  K Z '  ^  D z ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϱ ϰ ϯ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϭ͕Ϭ ϰ ϯ ͘ ϴ ϴ ϯϰ ϵ ϵ  ,  d d  E >  h Z  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ϭ Ϭ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ ϴ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϴ ϯϱ ϰ ϯ W  Z Z z    K Z  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϲ ϭ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϲ ϭ ͘ ϰ Ϭ ϯϱ ϳ ϰ <  D  K h Z / ^  , Z / ^ d / E  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϴ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϮ ͕ ϰ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ ϵ Ϭ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϱ ϳ ϲ  Z  E E  E ^   Z / E  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϱ ϴ ϳ ͘ ϴ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϴ ϳ ͘ ϴ Ϯ ϯϱ ϴ ϰ   s K Z  Z  E   ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ϭ Ϭ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ Ϯ ϱ ϵ ͘ ϲ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ Ϯ ϱ ϵ ͘ ϲ ϵ ϯϱ ϴ ϵ  K W W K >  ^  D  E d ,  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϲ ͕ ϴ ϴ ϰ ͘ Ϯ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϭϮ ϳ ͘ ϯ ϱ Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϭ ϭ ͘ ϱ ϲ ϯϱ ϵ ϲ D   K E K h ' , >  h Z  E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ ϰ ϱ Ϭ ͘ ϴ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϵϳ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ Ϭ ͕ ϰ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϴ Ϯ ϯϲ ϭ ϭ D      <  Z  E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϳ ϵ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ 67  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϯϳ ϭ ϳ  Z  / E  Z   , Z / ^ ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ W >  z  D h ^ /  /  E Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϱ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϳ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϳ ϳ ϱ ^ d  s  E ^ K E Z   ,  > ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϵ ϭ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϵ ϭ ͘ ϳ ϲ ϯϳ ϵ ϭ W h   K  D  E   ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ ϲ Ϯ ϰ ͘ ϲ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϭ ϵ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϳ ͕ ϭ ϰ ϰ ͘ Ϭ ϱ ϯϴ Ϭ Ϭ  ,  E / :  E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ Ϯ ϭ ͕ ϴ ϲ Ϭ ͘ ϵ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϯ Ϯ Ψ Ϯϯ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϵ ͘ Ϯ ϴ ϯϴ Ϭ ϱ &  >  D  E d  D  Z  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϲ ͕ ϲ Ϯ ϳ ͘ Ϯ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϰ ϲ ͕ ϵ ϴ ϳ ͘ Ϯ ϰ ϯϴ Ϭ ϲ <  K h ' , D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ϱ͘Ϭ Ϭ ϯϴ Ϭ ϵ D    & & Z  z  Z / d d  E z ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϵ ϯ ͘ ϴ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϵ ϯ ͘ ϴ ϰ ϯϴ ϭ ϲ  / W  > D   Z / E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϴ ϱ ϴ ͘ ϱ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϭ Ψϱ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϭ ϭ ͘ ϰ ϵ ϯϴ Ϯ ϯ ^ ,     Z K > / E  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ ϭ ͕ ϴ ϴ ϵ ͘ ϰ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϭ ͕ ϴ ϴ ϵ ͘ ϰ ϯ ϯϴ ϵ ϳ D / E '    t / > > /  D ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ ͕ ϲ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ ͕ ϲ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϳ Ϭ ϯϵ Ϯ ϰ  / ^  / > > K E :  E  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϲ ϱ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϲ ϱ ͘ ϴ Ϭ ϯϵ ϯ ϭ   > , K h E   Z K > / E  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ^ , K Z d  d  Z D  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ ϰ ϴ >  W  D  E    ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ  ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  W Z / E  / W  >  Ϯ ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϭ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϭ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϴ ϯϵ ϲ ϱ : K , E ^ K E ^ ,  Z K E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ͕ ϲ ϰ ϵ ͘ ϭ ϴ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ͕ ϲ ϰ ϵ ͘ ϭ ϴ ϯϵ ϵ ϰ     Z  ^ Ͳ >    Z K y  /    ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϴ ͘ ϳ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϴ ͘ ϳ ϵ ϯϵ ϵ ϳ W K t  Z  K h Z d E  z ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϭ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϴ ϯϵ ϵ ϴ W  ^ ^ /  Z >  h Z  E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϭ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϲ ϱ ͕ ϭ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϰϬ Ϭ Ϭ , / >  ^  > > z   E E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϴ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϲ ϯ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ Ϭ ϳ W K K > D  E > / ^  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ E h Z ^  Ψ Ϯ ϰ ͕ ϲ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϭ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϳ ϭ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϯ ϰ͕ϵ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϳ ϴ ϰϬ ϯ ϴ W K Z d  Z  > > / ^ K E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϰ ϲ ϲ ͘ Ϯ ϱ Ψϯ ϲ ͕ ϰ ϲ ϲ ͘ Ϯ ϱ ϰϬ ϰ ϵ : K ,  E ^ ^ K E > / > > /  E  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϳ Ϯ ͘ ϳ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψϭ Ϭ ϲ ͘ ϭ ϯ Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϲ ϲ ͘ ϲ ϭ ϰϬ ϳ ϲ & / E < >  >  h Z  E ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ > K E '  d  Z D  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϯ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϲ Ϯ ͘ ϭ ϯ Ψ Ϯ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϲ Ϯ ͘ ϭ ϯ ϰϭ ϭ ϯ  Z   Z K Ͳ D  W ,   Z  E  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ > K E '  d  Z D  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϱ ϭ ϭ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϱ ϭ ϭ ͘ ϰ Ϭ ϰϭ ϭ ϰ ' / > >  d d  Z K E E / ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ W >  z  D h ^ /  /  E Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϳ ϱ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϯ ϳ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϭ ϭ ϱ D  :  K h Z    D ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ W >  z  D h ^ /  /  E Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϳ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϳ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϭ ϭ ϲ    h  K / E < z >  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ W >  z  D h ^ /  /  E Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϯ ϳ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϭ ϭ ϴ ,  Z d ^ , K Z E  h Z d / ^ ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ W >  z  D h ^ /  /  E Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϳϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϳ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϭ Ϯ ϲ d , K D ^ K E  Z / <  ^ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ^ , K Z d  d  Z D  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϵ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϵ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϮ ϭ  /  Z / <  d , z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϭ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϳ Ψ ϱ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϲ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϵ ϰ ͘ Ϭ ϳ ϯϴ Ϯ >   , d  E ^ < / s  >  Z /  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϯ ϲ Ϭ ͘ ϰ Ϯ Ψ ϵ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϴ ϲ ͘ Ϭ ϲ ϰϲ Ϯ d , K D W ^ K E D  Z d ,  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ  K   , Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϭϴ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ 68  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϳϬ ϲ ,  z  Z  / ' ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϵ ϴ ͘ϱϯ Ψ ϵ ϯ ͕ ϵ ϲ ϱ ͘ ϱ ϯ ϳϱ ϯ D h Z W , z ^ h ^  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϯ ϵ ͘ Ϭ ϴ Ψ ϳ ϵ ͕ ϰ ϳ ϱ ͘ Ϯ Ϯ ϳϴ ϴ ^ / D K  ^ ^ d  W ,  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϯ ϵϮ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϲ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϴϮ ϵ d , K D W ^ K E : K   E E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϭϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϲ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϴϲ Ϭ E K Z d K E :  E  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϳ ϱ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϵ ͕ ϲ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϴϳ ϯ D  E E / E '  > /     d , ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ͕ϱ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ ϳ ϭ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϴϳ ϲ ^ ,    , Z / ^ d K W ,  Z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϰ͕ϰ Ϯ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ϯ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϯ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϵϬ ϳ ' K D  ^ :  E  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ϵϮ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϵϯ ϯ & / K Z   z E d , /  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ > K E '  d  Z D  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϳ ͕ Ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϳ ͕ Ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϰ Ϭ ϭϬ ϵ ϰ ' Z / > > /  / E  z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ ϭ Ϭ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϲ ϴ ϭ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϵ ϴ ͘ Ϯ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϳ ͕ ϯ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϴ Ϯ ϭϭ ϯ ϱ '  d  ^ <  E E  d , ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϱ ϭ ϳ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϴ Ϭϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϳ ϲ ͘ ϳ ϲ ϭϭ ϵ Ϭ h D / E   /  E  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ ϵ Ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϭ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϲ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϳ ͕ ϵ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϲ ϲ ϭϮ ϳ ϴ , K  ' >  E  E   / E  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ ϭ Ϯ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϲ ϭ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϰ ͕ ϳ ϵ ϲ ͘ ϰ Ϭ ϭϯ ϯ ϱ  >   Z  ,  Z z > ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϵ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϰϬ Ψ ϵ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϰ ϭϰ Ϭ ϯ t K Z Z  > > ^ d  Z > / E ' ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϱϳ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϱ ͕ ϲ ϰ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϰ ϭ ϭ D    , / > >   d ,  Z / E  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϰ Ϯ Ϭ ' K >   E : K , E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ ϲ ϵ ϴ ͘ ϱϴ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ ϵ ϯ ϭ ͘ ϱ Ϯ ϭϰ ϯ ϭ  K E  , h  D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϯϬ ϵ ͘ Ϯ ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϱ ϭ ϭϰ ϴ ϱ W K >  E ^ < z >  h Z  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϱ ϭ Ϯ  d t K K  ^ h ^  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϰ͕Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϱ ϭ ϯ ' Z     Z D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ Ϯ ϰ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϴ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϵ ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϱ ϱ ϴ ^ ,  h ' , E  ^ ^ z E  E  z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϲ Ϯ Ϯ &  Z Z / ^ <  Z Z z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ ϳ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϲ ͘ ϱ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϴ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ ϰ ͘ ϲ Ϭ ϭϲ ϱ Ϭ ,  z  ^    K Z  , ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ Ϯ ϳ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ ϳ ͘ ϭ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϳ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ ϳ ͘ ϭ ϲ ϭϴ ϵ Ϯ  > >  D ^  Z  , ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ Ϭ ϵ Ϯ ͘ ϰ ϵ Ψ ϴ ϵ ͕ ϰ ϱ ϵ ͘ ϰ ϵ ϭϵ Ϯ ϱ ^ W / E < ^   d ,  E z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϴ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϱ ͕ ϯ ϱ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϭϵ ϱ Ϭ , K K <  Z D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϭϵ ϱ ϭ Z  / E  z  E E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϯ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϱ ϲ ͘ ϲ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϴ ͕ Ϯϱ ϲ ͘ ϲ ϲ ϭϵ ϱ ϳ s K E  Z K ^  E s / E '  s  >  Z /  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϴ ͕ ϳ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϭϵ ϱ ϴ t / >  E   Z D / <  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϴ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϵ ϲ ϰ Z K   Z d ^ D  y / E  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ 69  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϭϵ ϳ ϭ D  ' E h ^ K E d  D / ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ ϱ ϳ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϴ ϰ ͘ ϭ ϲ Ψ Ϯ ϴ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϯ ͘ ϭ ϲ ϭϵ ϴ ϳ W > h E <  d d  K E E  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ ϭ Ϭ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϲ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϱ ͘ ϲ Ϭ ϭϵ ϵ Ϭ   D W   > > <  d , z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϵ Ϭ ϵ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϴ ϱ ϲ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϮϬ ϳ ϴ  K > > / E ^  ,  Z >  ^ ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϳ ϱϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϯ ͕ ϲ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ϯϭ Ϭ ϱ ^ h > > / s  E D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϵϰ ϴ ͘ ϳ ϰ Ψ ϴ ϱ ͕ ϲ ϭ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ϯϭ ϭ ϱ D  &  Z >  E  D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ Ϯ ͕ ϯ ϱ ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϭ͕Ϯ ϯ ϭ ͘ ϵ ϲ Ψ ϰ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϭ ϵ ͘ Ϭ ϱ Ϯϭ Ϯ ϱ D  / > >  d  /  E  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ϯϭ ϯ Ϯ >  E   z E d , /  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϱ ϭ ϳ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϳ ϯ ϯ ͘ϯϬ Ψ ϳ ϲ ͕ Ϯ ϱ ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϲ Ϯϭ ϰ ϯ ' Z   D  /  Z D  Z : K Z /  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ  K   , Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϰ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϰ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϭ ϵ ϳ &  / Z   E < ^ :  E E / &  Z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ͕Ϭ ϵ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϱ ͕ ϳ ϲ ϭ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϮϮ ϯ ϯ ^  t z  Z '  Z Z  d d ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϵ ϯ Ϯ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϮϮ ϰ ϭ K  /  Z E  D /  ,  > >  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϯ ϴ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ ϳ Ϭ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϮϮ ϰ ϰ ' /  E / E K  K > >   E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ Ϯ ϯϰ ͘ ϴ ϭ Ψ ϵ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϰ ϱ ϮϮ ϱ ϳ & Z  E  , K  < D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕Ϭϲ ϳ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϵ ͕ ϳ ϯ ϭ ͘ ϴ Ϭ ϮϮ ϳ ϯ ^ , / Z   ,  Z > K d d  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϴ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϮϮ ϴ Ϭ D h Z W , z d / D K d , z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϮϮ ϵ Ϯ ' Z   K D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϵ ϭ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϲ ϭ ϵ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϴ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ϯϯ ϳ ϱ  / ^ , K W  s  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W Z / E  / W  > Ψ ϭ ϰ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϭ ϰ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ϯϯ ϳ ϲ : K z   d / D K d , z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϴ Ϭ ϵ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϴ ͕ ϴ ϴ ϰ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ϯϯ ϴ ϰ ,  D / > d K E D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ϯϯ ϴ ϱ , /    Z d <  d , Z z E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϲϰ ͘ ϲ ϴ Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ ϴ ͘ ϵ ϴ Ϯϯ ϵ ϵ   > / E ^ <  ^   Z K > z E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϱϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϭ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϰ Ϭ ϱ D / > >  Z D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϳ ͕ ϵ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϵϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϴ ͕ ϵ Ϭ ϱ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ϯϰ Ϯ ϵ ^ / >   Z D  E D  > / ^ ^  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϲ ͘ ϭ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϲ ϱ Ϭ ͘ ϴ ϱ Ψ ϯ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϰ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϯ Ϯϰ ϰ ϰ ,  E E  : K ^ , h  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ  ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  W Z / E  / W  >  ϭ Ϯ  D K E d , Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ϯϰ ϳ ϯ ,  ^ ^  <  d ,  Z / E  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϱ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϱ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϭ Ϯϰ ϳ ϵ ,  Z Z K  Z /  ,  > >  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ Ϭ ͕ ϳ Ϭ ϭ ͘ ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϳ ϰ ͘ϱϰ Ψ ϰ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ϯϰ ϵ ϱ ^  E  K Z E D  Z < ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϭ ϴ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϲ ϳ ͕ Ϭ ϴ Ϯ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ϯϱ ϭ ϭ & >  E  '  E D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϵϲ ϵ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ ϲ ϯ ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ϯϱ ϭ ϰ ,   ^  > & Z   ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϰ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϱ Ϯ ϱ > K E ' K Z /   E  Z  t ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϬϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϴ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ 70  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ Ϯϱ Ϯ ϲ D  Z d / E D  Z /   d ,  Z  ^  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϵ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ϯϱ ϰ Ϯ ^ D / d , :  E E / &  Z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϱ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ϯϱ ϰ ϰ t h Z ^ d  Z < Z / ^ d  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϵ ϵ ͕ ϵ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϯ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϰ ϴϲ ͘ ϴ ϲ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϲ ͕ ϰ ϱ ϰ ͘ ϭ ϰ Ϯϱ ϰ ϲ t / > > /  D ^ : K ^  W , ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϱ ϵ ϲ & Z  z  E  Z  t ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϳ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϴ Ψ ϲϳ ͕ ϴ Ϭ ϵ ͘ ϲ Ϯ Ϯϲ Ϯ ϲ ' K E   >    E d , K E z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϰϵ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϵ ͕ ϱ ϳ Ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ϯϲ ϯ Ϭ  h & & h D   s /  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϴ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ϯϲ ϯ ϲ ,  > > :  / D  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ϯϲ ϱ ϯ t / > > /  D ^ ^  Z  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϱ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϴ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϳ ϯ ϭ < / E '   / Z  Z  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ  d , >  d /    / Z   d K Z Ψ ϵ ϰ ͕ ϴ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϵ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ϰ ͕ ϴ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϵ Ϭ Ϯϳ ϰ ϴ  > >   Z Z z ^ ,  E E K E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϱ ϰ ϯ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϵϴ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ϯϳ ϱ ϰ  Z / ^  & h > > /   Z >  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ Ϭϰ ϴ ͘ ϰ Ϯ Ψ ϵ ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϯ ϰ ͘ Ϭ ϲ Ϯϳ ϲ ϴ K Ζ > K h ' , > / E  K E ^ d  E   ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ ϭ Ϯ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϴ Ϯ ͘ ϲ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ ϳ͘ϭ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϯ ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϯ Ψ ϯ ϳ ͕ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϴ ϳ Ϯϳ ϲ ϵ W  d d  Z ^ K E ^  Z  , ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ E h Z ^  Ψ ϲ Ϭ ͕ ϴ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϱ ͘ϲϱ Ψ ϲ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϯ ϲ ͘ ϯ ϱ Ϯϳ ϳ ϳ ' >   ^ K E < / Z ^ d  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϵ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϱ ϳ ͘ Ϭ ϲ Ϯϴ Ϭ ϲ t , / d  D  h Z  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ  d , >  d /   d Z  / E  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϵ ϱ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϯ ϵ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϴ ϰ ϲ W  d Z h ^ <   > /     d , ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϭ ϲ Ϯ ͘ ϭ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱϮ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϲ ϴ ϰ ͘ ϭ ϴ Ϯϴ ϱ ϱ D h Z Z  z < /  > z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ ϲ ϰ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϱ ϰ Ϯ ͘ ϲϵ Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϵ Ϯϴ ϴ ϭ <  > >  E   Z '  Z < Z / ^ ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϴ ͕ ϲ Ϭ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ϰϯ ϭ ͘ ϴ ϰ Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϯ ϲ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ϯϵ ϯ ϯ > / E   Z   E / ^  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ ϯ ϳ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϴ ϰ Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϭ ϰ ͘ ϳ ϴ Ϯϵ ϯ ϵ t  d d  Z > K t  Z /   ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ ϲ ϰ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϴ ϵ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϳ ϰ ͕ ϱ ϯ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϵ ϰ ϵ  D  Z ^ K E :   E  d d  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ  d , >  d /   d Z  / E  Z Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϴ ͘ Ϯ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϴ ͘ Ϯ ϰ Ϯϵ ϳ ϯ ^ h > > / s  E   E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ  K   , Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϰ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϵ ϳ ϰ t    D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ ϲ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϱ ͘ ϴ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϳ ϳ ͘ ϯ ϳ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϱ ϳ ͘ ϳ ϰ Ϯϵ ϴ ϳ   >  ,  Z  ,  Z >   E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϰ ϲ ͘ ϭ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϱ ϲ ͘ ϭ ϳ ϯϬ Ϯ ϴ    K E :  ^ ^ /   ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϯ ϱ ϯ ͘ϰϮ Ψ ϴ Ϯ ͕ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϳ Ϯ ϯϬ Ϯ ϵ  Z K  z / ^    ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ Ϭ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϯϬ ϰ ϳ > z K E ^ > /   ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϱ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϰ ϳ Ψ ϴϬ ͕ ϴ ϰ ϭ ͘ ϱ ϯ ϯϬ ϰ ϴ D  z  Z ^ ,  Z / ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϴ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϭ ͕Ϭϴ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϯ ϯϭ ϭ ϯ ,  E  Z /  <   s /  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W >  z  D h ^ /  /  E Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϱ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϰ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϭ ϲ ϱ D / Z   >  D  Z / > z E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϵ ϵϴ ͘ ϱ ϯ Ψ ϴ ϴ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϱ ͘ ϱ ϯ 71  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϯϭ ϴ ϯ D h  > >  Z ^ , h Ͳ > / E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϱ Ϭ ϴ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϳ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϲ ϲ ͕ Ϯ ϳ ϴ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϯϭ ϴ ϱ d ,  / ^ >  h Z  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϴ ͕ ϭ ϰ ϲ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϭ ͕ ϴ ϵ ϲ ͘ ϴ ϴ ϯϮ ϭ ϵ < ,  > ^  :  '  E Ͳ E  d , ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W >  z  D h ^ /  /  E Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϮ ϵ ϳ W Z  ^  K d d  Z /  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϴ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϭ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϮ ϵ ϴ D  Z d  > > :  E E / &  Z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϯ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϰϱ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ ϵ ϴ ϵ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϯϯ Ϭ ϰ & K h Z E /  Z < / Z ^ d  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϯ Ϭ ϴ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭϬ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϵ ͕ ϰ Ϭ ϴ ͘ ϭ Ϯ ϯϯ ϭ ϵ ' K s K E / > K Z  > >  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϯ Ϯ ϳ E K  >  d d W  d Z /  /  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϱ ϰ ϯ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭϬ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϭ ͕ ϲ ϰ ϯ ͘ ϴ ϴ ϯϯ ϯ Ϯ & / E E D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϭ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϭ ϰ ϭ ͘ Ϭϰ Ψ ϲ ϯ ͕ ϵ ϱ ϱ ͘ ϵ Ϯ ϯϯ ϱ ϯ K Ζ  Z /  E W  d Z /  < ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ ϴ ϯ ϯ ͘ ϭ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ Ϭ ϯϬ ͘ ϱ Ϯ Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϴ ϲ ϯ ͘ ϳ Ϭ ϯϯ ϱ ϳ t Z  E E  Z z  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W >  z  D h ^ /  /  E Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϰ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϯ ϵ ϭ W K D / E s / > >  : h ^ d / E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ  ^ ^ / ^ d  E d  W Z / E  / W  >  ϭ Ϯ  D K E d , Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϳ ͘ ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϳ ͘ ϭ Ϭ ϯϰ Ϭ ϯ D h > s  z  Z  d d ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϳ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϵ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϯϰ Ϭ ϰ < / E '  Z z  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϰ͕ϵ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϯϰ Ϭ ϲ ' Z   K    >  /   ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϴ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϭ ͕ϭϬ ϰ ͘ ϲ ϱ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϵ ϯϰ Ϯ ϲ >    >   Z /  E  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϯ ϭ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϲ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϭ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϯϰ Ϯ ϴ , / >  Z h E E  Z Z  E   ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϴ ϳ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ Ϯϵ ϱ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϴ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϯϰ Ϯ ϵ D h Z W , z < Z / ^ d  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ Ϭ ͕ ϴ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϵ ϰ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϯ ͕ ϳ ϰ ϲ ͘ ϴ ϴ ϯϰ ϯ ϵ ' Z / & &  z :  E E / &  Z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϳ ͕ ϭ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϳ Ϭ ϯϰ ϰ ϲ ^ W /  '  > ^ d  s  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϭ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϭ ϳϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϯ Ϭ ϭ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϯϰ ϱ ϳ W K E  :  E E / &  Z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϵ Ϭ ϱ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϯϰ ϲ Ϭ  E K ^  , Z / ^ d / E  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϵ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϱ ϵ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϯϰ ϳ ϭ W   / & /  d / D K d , z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϲ ͘ ϰ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳϳ ͘ ϵ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϭ Ϭ ϲ ͘ ϵ ϳ Ψ ϰ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϭ ϭ ͘ ϯ ϰ ϯϰ ϳ Ϯ W Z  d d < Z / ^ d  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϯ ϰ ͕ ϵ ϳ ϴ ͘ ϰ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ Ϭ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϲ ϵ Ψ ϰ Ϭ ͕ Ϭ Ϯ ϯ ͘ ϭ Ϭ ϯϰ ϴ Ϭ D  >  h ' , > / E   d ,  Z / E  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϰ ͕ ϴ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϳ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϴ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϳ ϵ ϯϰ ϴ Ϯ  Ζ  >  ^ / K <  d , >   E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϭ ϱ ͕ ϯ ϴ Ϯ ͘ ϱ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ ͕ ϳ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϱ ϭ ϯϰ ϴ ϴ   / ' >  Z   s K Z  , ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ ϭ Ϭ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ Ϯ ϱ ͕ ϲ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϱ ͕ ϲ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϯϱ Ϯ ϱ t   ^ d  Z <  d , Z z E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϱ ϰ ͘ ϲ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ ϰ ͘ ϲ ϳ ϯϱ ϲ ϵ ^  K d d  K h ' >  ^ ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϴ ͘ϱϯ Ψ ϵ Ϭ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϱ ͘ ϱ ϯ ϯϱ ϳ ϳ ^  , D /  d s /  d K Z /  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϴ ͕ ϭ ϰ ϲ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϰ ϲ ͘ ϴ ϴ ϯϱ ϴ ϯ t / E E  Z > / ^  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ Ϭ ͕ ϰ ϲ ϲ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϭ ͕ϰϲ ϲ ͘ ϭ Ϯ 72  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϯϳ Ϭ ϴ D  E  > > z  Z /  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϯ ϰ ϴ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϰ ϴ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϯϳ ϵ ϴ  K h d K  E  Z  t ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϯ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϵ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϱ ϵ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϯϴ Ϭ ϭ  h Z <    / d > / E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ Ϭ ϰ Ϭ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϰ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϱ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϴ Ϭ ͘ ϳ Ϭ ϯϴ ϭ ϭ D / s / > >   K h Z d E  z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϳ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϯϴ ϭ ϵ <  K ,  E  D  ' ,  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϯ ϱ ͕ Ϭ ϴ Ϭ ͘ ϰ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϰ ϱ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϱ ͕ ϯ Ϯ ϲ ͘ ϭ Ϯ ϯϴ ϱ ϯ >  s / d Z  ^  D  E d ,  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ Z  ' h >  Z Ψ ϴ ͕ ϰ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ ϯ ͘ ϵ ϴ Ψ ϭ ϱ ͕ ϰ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϲ ϴ ϯϴ ϲ Ϯ &  Z E ^   E  Z d  Z  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϳ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϳ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϳ ϭ ϯϴ ϴ Ϯ   Z :  ^ d  , ,  E '  D  , ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ > K E '  d  Z D  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϱ ϳ Ψ ϳ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϱ ϳ ϯϴ ϵ ϱ <   E  Z /  ,  Z  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ > K E '  d  Z D  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϳ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϱ ϳ Ψ ϳ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϱ ϳ ϯϴ ϵ ϵ ' Z    < Z / ^ d /  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W       Ψ ϰ ϭ ϰ ͘ ϳ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϴ Ψ ϱ ϭ ϴ ͘ ϰ Ϭ ϯϵ Ϭ Ϭ ,   >  z  D z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϲ Ϭ ͘ ϯ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϲ Ϭ͘ϯ ϯ ϯϵ ϯ ϵ ,  ^ ^  < Z / ^ d  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ ^ , K Z d  d  Z D  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ ϲ Ϯ  K Z  E ^  Z  , ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ d ͺ , K h Z > z Ψ ϱ Ϯ ͕ ϵ ϳ ϰ ͘ Ϭ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ ϲ ͘ ϭϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϭ ϯϵ ϳ ϯ   E / E /  K E E K Z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϴ ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲ Ϭ Ϯ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϰ Ϯ ͕ ϲ ϴ ϱ ͘ Ϯ ϰ ϯϵ ϳ ϰ W >  d  ,  Z   Z /  E  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϳ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϭ ͘ ϳ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϭ ͘ ϳ ϯ ϯϵ ϳ ϱ K Z >  E  K ^ ,  / >  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ D / ^   > >  E  K h ^   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϳ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϳ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ ϴ ϯ Z  E  h  <  Z  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ Ϭ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϴϭ Ψ ϵ ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϰ ϱ ϯϵ ϵ Ϭ  Z   E ^  D  E d ,  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϲ ͕ ϲ Ϯ ϳ ͘ Ϯ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϰ ϲ ͕ ϲ Ϯ ϳ ͘ Ϯ ϰ ϯϵ ϵ ϯ >  > > z   E :  D / E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ϱ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϳ ϵ ͕ ϲ ϭ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϰϬ Ϭ ϭ  K    E ^ :  D  ^ ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϭ ϲ ͘ ϱ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϴ ͕ ϳ ϭ ϲ ͘ ϱ ϲ ϰϬ Ϭ ϯ &  E ' y / ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϭ ϳ ͕ ϲ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϭ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϳ ͕ ϵ ϴϵ ͘ ϳ Ϭ ϰϬ ϭ Ϭ D  D  , K E ,   d ,  Z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϰ ϵ ϰ ͘ ϰ Ϭ ϰϬ ϯ ϳ & K >  z  E  Z  t ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ > K E '  d  Z D  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϳ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϰ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϳ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϰ ͘ ϰ Ϭ ϰϬ ϱ ϴ > /   z :  & & Z  z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ  K   , Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϰ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϰϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϲ ϭ  K  , Z  E  K E E /  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W >  z  D h ^ /  /  E Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϱ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϰ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϲ Ϯ &  Z Z /  Z    E /  > ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W >  z  D h ^ /  /  E Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϱ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϲ ϱ Z   /  K d    K Z  , ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ D / ^   > >  E  K h ^   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϲ ϲ < Z h  '  Z  > /     d , ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ D / ^   > >  E  K h ^   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϲ ϵ  , K ' K : h  E h  Z   ,  ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϴ ϰ d K Z K ^ /  E  >  y / ^ ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ W  Z  W Z K &  ^ ^ / K E  > ͺ ^ W   Ψ ϴ ͕ ϰ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϱ ϯ ͘ ϵ ϴ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϰ ϳ ϵ ͘ ϲ ϴ ϰϬ ϴ ϴ K Ζ  Z /  E W  d Z /  < ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ  K   , Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ϭϴ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ 73  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϰϬ ϴ ϵ ^ /   Z  > /     d , ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ D / ^   > >  E  K h ^   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϭ Ϯ ϯ Z  :  E  Z  E s  E E / ^ ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ D / ^   > >  E  K h ^   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϭ Ϯ ϰ W  t  >  D  Z z ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ D / ^   > >  E  K h ^   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϭ Ϯ ϱ  K ' Z   <  Z  E ^ ϯ ϲ Ϭ D / ^   > >  E  K h ^   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϲϲ ϳ   d d K E <  d , >   E ^ ϯ ϳ Ϭ ϭ Ϭ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϭ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϱ ϴ ͘ ϰ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϴ ϳ ͘ ϴ Ϯ ϮϮ ϲ ϰ d  Z Z  E K s  >  h Z  ^ ϯ ϳ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ϯϲ ϱ ϭ ^  y d K E    K Z  , ^ ϯ ϳ Ϭ  ^ z  ^ h D D  Z  W Z K ' Z  D Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϱ Ϯ ϳ ͘ ϵ ϱ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϱ Ϯ ϳ ͘ ϵ ϱ ϯϬ ϭ ϰ W h > ^  > > / > /  /  ^ ϯ ϳ Ϭ ϭ Ϯ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϱ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϱ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϴ Ϭ ϯϯ ϭ Ϭ ^  , Z K    Z :  E E / &  Z ^ ϯ ϳ Ϭ ϭ Ϭ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϭ ϰ ͕ ϴ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϱ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ ϭ ϰ ͕ ϵ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϭ ϲ ϯϰ ϴ ϰ   s / ^ < / D   Z > z ^ ϯ ϳ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϲ ͕ ϲ Ϯ ϳ ͘ Ϯ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϵ ϴ͘ϰ ϳ Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϳ ϭ ϯϱ ϲ ϱ   >  ^ < / <  Z  E ^ ϯ ϳ Ϭ ^ d h   E d  ^  Z s /   ^   / Z   d K Z Ψ ϭ ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ Ϯ ͕ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϲ ϯ ϲ < Z  ^  K   Z K > ^ ϯ ϳ Ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ d ͺ , K h Z > z Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϴ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϴ ͘ Ϭ ϰ ϯϲ ϴ Ϭ ^ ,    Z h ^ ^  > > ^ ϯ ϳ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϯ ϲ ͘ϰϮ Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϳ Ϯ ϯϴ ϰ ϯ Z  '  E <  > > z ^ ϯ ϳ Ϭ ϭ Ϭ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϭ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϵ ϲ ͘ Ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ ϲ ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϴ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϱ ϵ ͘ ϱ ϰ ϯϴ ϴ ϵ ^ ,  E  ,  E   E / ^  ^ ϯ ϳ Ϭ ϭ Ϭ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϵ ͕ ϰ ϭ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ϭ ͘ ϰ ϲ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϱ ϭ ϲ ͘ ϯ Ϯ ϯϵ ϭ ϳ ' K K  t / E < / D   Z > z ^ ϯ ϳ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϲ ͕ ϴ ϵ ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭϬ ϯ ͘ ϰ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϳ ͕ ϵ ϵ ϲ ͘ ϰ Ϭ ϯϵ ϵ ϭ E z   Z '   / Z  Z  ^ ϯ ϳ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ ϯ ϵ ͕ ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϯ ϵ ͕ ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϲ ϰϬ ϴ Ϭ Z  E < / E  z E d , /  ^ ϯ ϳ Ϭ D / ^   > >  E  K h ^   D W > K z   Ψ ϰ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲ Ϭ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϭ ϭ ϯ t Z / ' , d W  h > ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ ,      h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ Ϭ ϵ ϲ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϱ ϱ ϭϯ Ϭ Ϯ & >  E E  Z z  h '  E  ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ ,      h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϯ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϰ ͘ ϳ ϰ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϴ Ϭ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϳ ͕ ϲ Ϭ ϳ ͘ ϯ ϳ ϭϯ ϲ ϯ Z K '  Z ^  > & Z   ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ  h / >  / E ' ^  Θ  ' Z K h E  ^   / Z   d K Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϴ ϭ ϯ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϴ ϭ ϯ ͘ ϴ Ϭ ϭϱ Ϯ ϵ W  Z Z z   s /  ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ D  / E d  E  E    t K Z <  Z Ψ ϰ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϰ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϰ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϳ ͕ ϰ ϳ ϴ ͘ ϯ ϰ ϭϲ ϲ Ϯ  h E E Z  ' / E  >  ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ  h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϵ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϵ ϭ ϱ ͘ ϱ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϲ ͕ ϵ ϱ ϰ ͘ ϳ ϳ ϭϳ ϰ ϯ & Z /   Z '  K E  >  ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ D  / E d  E  E    ^ h W  Z s / ^ K Z Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϱϯ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϱ ϭϳ ϲ ϰ <   E  >  t Z  E   ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ ,      h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϳ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϳ ͕ ϱ ϭ ϭ ͘ ϯ ϭ ϭϳ ϴ ϰ  K / ^ s  Z d E K Z D  E  ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ ,      h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϰ ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϱ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϳ ͕ ϴ Ϭ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϱ ϭϴ Ϭ ϯ t    :   E ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ ,      h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ Ϭ ϭ ϳ ͘ ϭ Ϯ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϱ ͘ ϱ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ ϲ ϴ Ϯ ͘ ϲ ϯ Ϯϯ Ϯ ϲ   E K / d  E  Z  ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ  h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϵ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϲ Ϯ ϰ ͘ ϭ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϲ ϯ ͘ ϯ ϴ Ϯϰ ϰ ϵ < / E ' Z /  ,  Z  ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ D  / E d  E  E    t K Z <  Z Ψ ϰ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϲ ϱ ͘ ϭ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϲ ͕ ϳ Ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϳ ϲ Ϯϱ ϳ ϰ & / > , K : K ^  ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ  h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϵ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϱ ϴ ͘ Ϭ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯϬ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϳ ͕ Ϭ ϵ ϳ ͘ Ϯ ϳ Ϯϴ ϭ ϰ   ^ d  Z   ,  :  D  ^ ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ  h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϵ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϳ ϴ ϳ ͘ Ϯ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ Ϭ ͕ ϱ Ϯ ϲ ͘ ϰ ϴ 74  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ Ϯϴ ϯ ϰ ^  E  K Z E > K h / ^  ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ ϭ Ϯ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϯ ͕ ϯ ϳ ϳ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ϯϴ ϲ ϳ < / ^  Z   s /  ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ  h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϵ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϵ ϲ Ϯ ͘ ϴ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ ϰ Ϭ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ϯϴ ϳ ϭ   Z Z   t  Z  ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ D  / E d  E  E    t K Z <  Z Ψ ϰ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϴ ϳ ϭ ͘ ϲ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϳ ͕ ϵ Ϭ ϵ ͘ Ϯ ϵ Ϯϵ ϭ ϯ ^ D / d , ^ d  s  E ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ  h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϵ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ ϳ Ϭ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ ϭ ϰ ϯ ͘ Ϯ Ϯ ϯϬ ϲ Ϯ d Z  D  >  z <  d , >   E ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ  h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϵ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϴ ϭ ϴ ͘ ϯ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϱ ͕ Ϯ ϱ ϳ ͘ ϱ ϭ ϯϮ ϭ ϯ    ^ / > s   E d K E / K ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ  h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϵ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϱ ϳ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ ϯ ϭ ϯ ͘ ϱ ϳ ϯϯ ϳ ϵ ' K E   > s  ^  > & Z   K ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ  h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϱ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϱ ͕ ϱ ϰ Ϯ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϯϰ ϱ ϯ < K W   >  K ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ  h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϭ ϳ ͕ ϰ ϭ ϭ ͘ ϳ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϯ ϵ ͘ ϵ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϳ ͕ ϯ ϱ ϯ͘ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϰ ϯϰ ϳ ϳ     K D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ D  / E d  E  E    t K Z <  Z Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ ϯ ϴ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϵ Ϯ ͘ ϱ ϰ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϭ ϳ ϳ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϱ ͕ ϰ ϵ ϴ ͘ ϯ ϴ ϯϱ ϭ ϱ & >  D / E ' Z K   Z d ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ D  / E d  E  E    t K Z <  Z Ψ ϰ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϵ Ϭ ϲ ͘ ϵ ϰ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϴ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϰ ͘ ϱ ϰ ϯϱ ϱ ϰ  h E ,  D  E h  > ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ  h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϴ ϲ ͘ Ϯ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯϬ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϱ ͕ ϭ ϲ ϰ ͘ Ϯ ϳ ϯϱ ϲ ϰ  K d   Z d , h Z ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ  h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ ϱ ϯ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϳ ϰ ϴ ͘ ϵ ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϬϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ Ϯ ͕ ϱ ϴ ϲ ͘ ϵ ϯ ϯϴ Ϯ ϴ ' >   h ^ Z  > W , ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ D  / E d  E  E    t K Z <  Z Ψ ϰ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϴ ϲ ͘ ϭ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϯ ϯ ͘ ϳ Ϯ ϯϴ ϲ ϯ Z / s  Z  > h / ^ ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ  h ^ d K  /  E Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ ϰ ϯ ϵ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϴ ϵ ϲ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϰ ϱ ͕ ϯ ϯ ϱ ͘ ϵ Ϭ ϯϵ ϰ ϵ W  Z ^ ^ K E d / D K d , z ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ  h / >  / E ' ^  Θ  ' Z K h E  ^   / Z   d K Z Ψ ϴ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϲ ϵ ͘ Ϯ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϲ ϵ ͘ Ϯ ϭ ϯϵ ϲ ϲ : K z   ^ z  E  z ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ  h / >  / E ' ^  Θ  ' Z K h E  ^  ^ h D D  Z Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ ϲ ϳ    ^ / > s  D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϴ Ϭ  h / >  / E ' ^  Θ  ' Z K h E  ^  ^ h D D  Z Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϯ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϯ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϭ Ϭ ϰ D / >  ^   Z   Z  ^ ϯ ϴ ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϳ ͕ ϵ ϯ ϲ ͘ Ϭ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ Ϯ ϴ ϲ ͘ Ϭ ϭ ϯϯ ϳ ϳ D  Z Z / > >  , Z / ^ d K W ,  Z ^ ϯ ϴ ϭ   &   ^ h   , K h Z > z Ψ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϱ ϱ ͘ ϭ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϱ ϱ ͘ ϭ ϵ ϯϲ ϵ ϰ ^  , D / d d   E  ^ ϯ ϴ ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϳ ϯ ϭ  Z  E E  E :  D  ^ ^ ϯ ϴ ϭ   &   ^ h   , K h Z > z Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϰ Ϭ ϭ ͘ ϰ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϰ Ϭ ϭ ͘ ϰ ϱ ϯϵ Ϯ ϴ < / > / h > / ^ D / d  ,  > > ^ ϯ ϴ ϭ   &   ^ h   , K h Z > z Ψ ϯ ϱ ϵ ͘ ϳ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ ϵ ͘ ϳ Ϭ ϰϭ Ϭ Ϯ  Z   E D  ' ,  E ^ ϯ ϴ ϭ   &   ^ h   , K h Z > z Ψ ϱ Ϭ ϯ ͘ ϱ ϵ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϱ Ϭ ϯ ͘ ϱ ϵ Ϯϭ ϰ Ϯ   E E K E : K  E ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   ,  E K E  Z  '   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϵ ϯ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϵ ϯ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϯ ϯ ϵ E  > ^ K E d / D K d , z ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   ,  E K E  Z  '   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϱ ϴ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϱ ϴ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϰ ϲ ϯ  Z  / E  Z  :  D  ^ ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   ,  E K E  Z  '   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϴ Ϭ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϴ Ϭ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϵ ϳ ϭ ' / Z  Z  :  D  ^ ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   ,  E K E  Z  '   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϯ Ϭ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϯ Ϭ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϮ ϱ ϳ ^ K   Z   Z ' ^  K d d ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   ,  E K E  Z  '   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϵ ϵ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϵ ϵ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϯ ϵ Ϯ ^ t  E d K E   s /  ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   ,  E K E  Z  '   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϵ ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϵ ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϱ ϭ ϴ   E E :   E ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   ,  E K E  Z  '   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϮ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϴ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϴ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϱ Ϯ ϰ  > / ^ ^ Z /  ,  Z  ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   ,  E K E  Z  '   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϱ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϱ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ 75  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϯϲ ϯ ϴ ^ d   z D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   ,  E K E  Z  '   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϴ ϰ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϴ ϰ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϲ ϯ ϵ D   >   E  K E  >  ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   ,  E K E  Z  '   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϴ ϳ ϭ   E    d d /   Z K E ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   ,  E K E  Z  '   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϴ ϳ ϯ D  ^ d Z K ' /  E / ^ d /  ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   ,  E K E  Z  '   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϲ ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϲ ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ ϯϵ Ϭ ϱ ^  , > h ^ ^  > E  E  z ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   ,  E K E  Z  '   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ ϯ Ϯ   > < / E ^ > z E K Z  ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   , Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϭϴ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ ϯ ϯ D K Z d  > / D / d  ,  > > ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   , Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ Ϯ ϰ > / E  W  / '  ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   ,  E K E  Z  '   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϯ ϯ d , K D  ^    K Z  , ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   ,  E K E  Z  '   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϲ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϱ ϱ Z / ' E  z   t  Z  ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   , Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϵ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϵϮ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϲ ϳ D h Z W , z  , Z / ^ d K W ,  Z ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   ,  E K E  Z  '   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϴ Ϭ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϴ Ϭ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϵ Ϯ D /  <  D z ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   ,  E K E  Z  '   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ͕ϯ ϵ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϵ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϭ Ϯ ϭ   Z Z K > > : K Z   E ^ ϯ ϴ Ϯ  K   , Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϲϲ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϴ ϱ ϱ D K Z /  Z d z    K Z  , ^ ϯ ϴ ϰ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ ϯ ͘ ϭ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϴϭ ϴ ͘ ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϲ ͕ Ϭ ϱ ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϲ ϴϵ ϱ ,  E   Z ^ K E > / E   ^ ϯ ϴ ϱ   d    W W > /   d / K E  D  E  '  Z Ψ ϵ Ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϯ ϭ ͘ ϵ ϲ Ψ ϳ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ Ϭ ͕ ϵ ϴ ϭ ͘ ϵ ϲ Ϯϱ ϯ ϵ   Z d >  z E / > / ^ ϯ ϴ ϱ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϱ͕ϵ ϰ ϳ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ϯϱ ϳ ϯ Z K  Z / ' h   : K  E E  ^ ϯ ϴ ϱ ϭ Ϯ  D K E d ,  ^   Z  d  Z z Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϭ ϴ ͘ ϱ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϭ ͕ ϵ ϭ ϴ ͘ ϱ ϲ Ϯϴ ϱ Ϯ   Z d z > / ^  ^ ϯ ϴ ϱ   d    W W > /   d / K E  D  E  '  Z Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ ϯ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ ϯ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϵ ϭ ϭ ' , K ^ ,  ^ , K <  ^ ϯ ϴ ϱ d   , E K > K ' z   / Z   d K Z Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϴ ϯϬ ϭ ϳ W K Z   > >   ,  W / E ^ ϯ ϴ ϱ E  d t K Z <  D  E  '  Z Ψ ϲ ϴ ͕ ϯ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϴ ͕ ϯ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϲ Ϭ ϯϮ Ϭ ϵ  K d z ^ d  W ,  E /  ^ ϯ ϴ ϱ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϲ ϰ ϯϮ ϵ ϰ  , K Y h  d Z z  E ^ ϯ ϴ ϱ d   , E /  /  E Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ ϳ ϳ ϲ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϭ ϯ ͘ ϯ ϱ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϱ Ϯ ͕ ϱ ϵ Ϭ ͘ ϭ ϱ ϯϯ ϭ ϯ  / W Z /  E K D  d d ,  t ^ ϯ ϴ ϱ d   , E /  /  E Ψ ϰ ϭ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϲ ͘ ϰ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϰ Ϯ ϴ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϭ ͕ ϲ ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϯ ϴ ϯϰ ϯ ϲ , K   , Z z ^ d  > ^ ϯ ϴ ϱ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϴ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϱ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϴ ϵ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϯϰ ϰ ϱ t K > & D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϴ ϱ d   , E /  /  E Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϯ ͕ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϳ ϯ Ϭ ' h ^ d  s ^ K E Z  E  / ^ ϯ ϴ ϱ d   , E K > K ' z    E d  Z  D  E  '  Z Ψ ϱ Ϭ ͕ ϳ Ϯ ϵ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯϵ ϰ ͘ ϳ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϭ ͕ Ϭ Ϯ ϰ ͘ ϯ Ϯ ϯϳ ϰ ϭ < h < >  ^  > >  ^ ϯ ϴ ϱ d   , E /  /  E Ψ ϯ ϯ ͕ ϲ ϴ ϰ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϯ ϯ ͕ ϲ ϴ ϰ ͘ ϴ Ϭ ϯϴ Ϯ ϭ  K y D   '  E ^ ϯ ϴ ϱ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ d ͺ , K h Z > z Ψ ϱ ϲ ͕ ϴ ϯ ϰ ͘ ϰ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϲ ͕ ϴ ϯ ϰ ͘ ϰ ϭ ϮϬ ϴ ϳ ^ d Z  & > / E ' ^ h   E E  ^ ϯ ϴ ϲ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϮϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ ϯ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ϯϴ ϰ Ϭ & K Z ^ z d ,  <  d  ^ ϯ ϴ ϲ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϳ ϵ ͘ ϴ Ϯ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϵ ϵ ͘ ϴ Ϯ ϯϭ ϭ ϭ < / D   > > : / > > ^ ϯ ϴ ϲ d    ,  Z Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϰ ϳ ϲ ͘ ϱϬ Ψ ϴ ϱ ͕ ϴ ϰ ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ 76  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϯϲ ϰ ϲ t  Z  W / >  Z ^ ϯ ϴ ϲ d    ,  Z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϯ͕ϯ ϱ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϰ ϯϲ ϴ ϰ ^  , K K > ^  ,  E d  > ^ ϯ ϴ ϲ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ Ϯ ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϱ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϯ ϵ ͘ϲϭ Ψ ϲ ϱ ͕ ϭ ϵ Ϯ ͘ ϵ Ϭ ϯϳ ϴ ϳ ' /  d >  K E E   >   ^ ϯ ϴ ϲ d    ,  Z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ ϵ ϲ  K > > / E ^   E /  > ^ ϯ ϴ ϲ d    ,  Z Ψ ϰ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϰ ϰ ͕ ϱ ϴ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϲ ϰϬ ϯ ϲ > / W  ,   d ,  Z ^ ϯ ϴ ϲ d    ,  Z Ψ ϲ ϰ ͕ ϲ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϰ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϰ͕ϲ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϰ ϭ ϰϭ Ϭ ϱ ^ d  d ,  < / ^ D  ' ,  E ^ ϯ ϴ ϲ d    ,  Z Ψ ϭ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ ϲ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ Ϯ ϲ ͘ ϴ Ϭ ϯϴ  /  <  Z d ,  Z K >  ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϵϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϵ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϲϳ Ϭ ' K E   >   d / E  ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ   &   ^ h   , K h Z > z Ψ ϯ ϵ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϯ ϵ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϳ ϭϬ ϳ Ϭ W h > E / < < / D   Z > z ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ , h D  E  Z  ^ K h Z   ^   / Z   d K Z  ^  , Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϴ ͕ ϱ ϳ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϴ ϭϰ ϰ ϴ <  E   > > >  ^ > /  ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ  Z K ^ ^ / E '  ' h  Z  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϴϵ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϲ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϴ ϵ ϰ ͘ ϴ ϲ ϭϱ ϲ Ϯ t / > > /  D ^ ^ ,  Z K E ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ d ͺ ^  >  Z z Ψ ϵ ͕ ϱ ϳ ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϴ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϰ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϯ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϭ ϭ ͘ ϴ ϭ ϭϳ Ϭ ϱ   Z d K > K D  K    Z  ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ d ͺ ^  >  Z z Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϱ ͘ Ϭ ϲ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϯ ͕ ϱ ϴ ϱ ͘ Ϭ ϲ ϭϳ ϴ ϵ   Z Z >  h Z  ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ d ͺ , K h Z > z Ψ ϱ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϰ Ϭ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϰ ͕ ϳ ϰ Ϭ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ϯϯ Ϯ ϴ , / > > > K Z / ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϱ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϵ ϰ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϰ ϯ ϱ & / d  W  d Z /  < D  Z z   E E ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ d ͺ , K h Z > z Ψ ϱ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϰ Ϭ ͘ ϴ ϲ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϰ Ϭ ͘ ϴ ϲ Ϯϴ Ϭ Ϭ D   > h Z  ^ h  ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ d ͺ , K h Z > z Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϳ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϵ ϰ ϭ  h D  ^ Z  > W , ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ  h ^ / E  ^ ^  D  E  '  Z Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ Ϭ ϱ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ Ϯ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϵ ϱ Ψ ϭ ϱ ͕ Ϯ ϳ ϭ ͘ ϵ ϱ Ϯϵ ϲ Ϭ < / > / h > / ^ :  E  ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ & K K   ^  Z s /   ^  t K Z <  Z Ψ ϵ ͕ ϵ ϯ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϴ Ϭ ͘ ϳ ϭ ϯϭ ϯ ϭ K > ^ K E <  d , Z z E ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ ^ h  ^ d / d h d    K K Z  / E  d K Z Ψ ϭ ϰ ͕ ϱ ϰ ϴ ͘ ϴ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϰ ϭ ϯ ͘ ϱ ϱ Ψ ϭ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϱ ͘ ϯ ϯ ϯϮ ϭ Ϭ  h Z <  Z K   Z d ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ  Z K ^ ^ / E '  ' h  Z  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϲ ϯ͘ϯ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϱ ϲ ϯ ͘ ϯ Ϭ ϯϮ ϴ ϰ D   >  K    d , z ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ ^ h W  Z / E d  E   E d Ψ ϭ ϵ ϯ ͕ ϯ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϵ ϯ ͕ ϯ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ ϴ ϯϯ ϵ ϲ  /  K E  W  h > ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ  Z K ^ ^ / E '  ' h  Z  Ψ ϭ ϰ Ϭ ͘ ϯ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϰ ͕ ϱϱ ϴ ͘ ϴ ϵ Ψ Ϯ ϰ ͕ ϲ ϵ ϵ ͘ Ϯ ϲ ϯϰ Ϯ ϱ   Z E /   > > /  / D   ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ d ͺ , K h Z > z Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϯ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϵ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ ͕ ϯ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϵ Ϭ ϯϱ ϳ ϴ ^ ,  / E ' K >  <  Z Z / ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϲ ϯ ϯ  Z K   h Z D /  ,  > >  ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ d ͺ , K h Z > z Ψ ϱ ϵ ͕ ϰ Ϭ ϭ ͘ ϲ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϵ ͕ ϳ ϱ ϭ ͘ ϲ Ϭ ϯϲ ϯ ϳ ^ t   d  W W >   D D  ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϭ ϭ ͕ ϱ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ ϱ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϲ ϱ ϭ   &   / K   Z K > z E ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ   &   ^ h   , K h Z > z Ψ ϰ ϭ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϭ ϯ ͘ ϲ ϲ ϯϲ ϵ ϳ   s  E  h ' ,   Z K > ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ ^ h W  Z / E d  E   E d Ψ ϭ ϯ ϱ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϰ ϭ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϳ ϳ ϲ d , K D  ^ Ͳ t  '  Z '  K Z '  d d  ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ d ͺ , K h Z > z Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ ϯ ϭ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϱ ͕ ϯ ϭ ϳ ͘ ϲ ϭ ϯϳ ϴ ϱ   t K > &  E  E  z ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ   &   ^ h   , K h Z > z Ψ ϳ ͕ ϭ ϰ ϯ ͘ ϵ ϴ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϰ ϵ ϯ ͘ ϵ ϴ ϯϴ ϳ ϴ   Z > ^ ,  E E  E ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ D / ^   > >  E  K h ^   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϴ ϳ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϴ ϳ ͘ ϱ Ϭ 77  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϯϵ Ϯ ϵ Z K d ,  Z D /  , ^ h ^  E ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ  h ^ / E  ^ ^  D  E  '  Z Ψ ϭ ϯ ϱ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ϱ ͕ Ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϲ ϯϵ ϲ ϯ  > >  E ^  Z  ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ  ^ z  ^ h D D  Z  W Z K ' Z  D Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯϰ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϰ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ ϲ ϰ  Z / ' ' ^ ^ d  s / ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ  ^ z  ^ h D D  Z  W Z K ' Z  D Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ͕ϲ ϱ ϭ ͘ ϯ ϯ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϲ ϱ ϭ ͘ ϯ ϯ ϰϬ Ϭ ϱ  Z K t E  D / > z ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ   D / E / ^ d Z  d / s    ^ d ͺ , K h Z > z Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϰ ϴ D  E E  / D   ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ d    ,  Z Ψ Ϯ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϲ Ϯ ͘ ϱ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ͳ Ψ ϭ ϴ ϴ ͘ ϱ Ϯ Ψ Ϯϱ ͕ ϳ ϳ ϰ ͘ Ϭ ϱ ϰϬ ϲ ϯ  Z K t E < /    ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ D / ^   > >  E  K h ^   D W > K z   Ψ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ Ϭ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϭ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϲ ϰ   Z K ^ /  Z ^ h ^  E ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵϵ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϳ Ψ ϵ ϵ ϱ ͘ ϵ ϳ ϰϬ ϴ ϯ <  Z E  Z :  ^ ^ /   ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ D / ^   > >  E  K h ^   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϵ ϳ D K E d ' K D  Z z d / D K d , z ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϱ ϳ ͘ ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϰ ͕ ϯ ϱ ϳ ͘ ϭ Ϭ ϰϭ ϯ ϭ /  E  > > / D /  ,   > ^ ϯ ϵ Ϭ D / ^   > >  E  K h ^   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯ  >  y  E  Z K t /   :   E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϮ ͕ ϴ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϴ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϴϵ W K Z d  Z  > >  E K Z  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ϰϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ϰ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϮ ϲ  /  K ^ d  E   W  d Z /  /  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϴ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϴ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϴ ϴ ' Z   E ^ h ^  E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϳ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ Ϯ ϳ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϬ Ϯ ϵ   ^  ^ ^   Z >  E  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ͕ϳ ϳ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϲ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϳ ϳ ϰ ͘ ϯ ϲ ϭϲ ϰ ϭ Z  z E K >  ^   d , Ͳ  E E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϲ ϭ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϲ ϭ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϳ ϯ Ϯ t  >  K E  > /     d , ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ^ , K Z d  d  Z D  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϴ Ϭ ϰ ' Z K ^ ^ K <  d , >   E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϯ ͕ Ϯ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϴ ϰ ϵ d  Z Z z <  Z  E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ  K   , Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϰ ϵ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϰ ϵ ϳ ͘ϬϬ Ϯϭ ϴ ϳ W  > ' Z / E D  Z z ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϰϳ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϳ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϱ ϲ ϲ ^  D  E ^ < z  K E E /  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϭ ͕ Ϯ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ Ϯ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϱ ϴ ϳ  >  <  :  E E / &  Z ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d   E h Z ^  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϱ ϲ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϱ ϲ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ϯϲ Ϭ ϵ     Z K > / ^ : K , E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϲ ϯ ϰ  Z  z  Z D  Z z   E E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ ϴ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ ϳ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲ ϴ ϯ ͘ Ϭ ϱ Ψ ϴ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ ϱ Ϯϲ ϴ ϲ h D / E  D /  ,   > ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϰϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϳ ϲ ϭ ' Z / > > z   s K E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ > K E '  d  Z D  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ ϲ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϭ ͕ ϲ ϳ ϯ ͘ ϴ Ϭ Ϯϳ ϴ ϳ ,  '  E :   E E / E  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ^ , K Z d  d  Z D  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ Ϯ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ Ϯ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϴ Ϯ ϲ D  Z d K E    Z K > z E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d   E h Z ^  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϴ ϴ ϱ D / > > ^  K Z  z ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ  K   ,  E K E  Z  '   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϴ Ϭ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϴ Ϭ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϵ ϱ ϱ ^ z < K Z  W  d Z /  /  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϮ ϳ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϳ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ϯϵ ϵ ϱ W  K > h   / ^  > / E  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϮ ͕ Ϭ ϳ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϳ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ 78  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϯϬ ϲ ϱ W K K s  <   >  h Z  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ͕ϱ ϳ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ͕ ϱ ϳ ϵ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϮ ϲ ϭ ^  / ' & Z /    D z ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϴϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϴ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϮ ϴ Ϭ ' Z / > > / E /  K >  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϬϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϯ Ϯ Ϯ < K K W D  E ^ h ^  E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕Ϯϲ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϲ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϯ ϯ ϳ  K > > / E ^ ^ h ^  E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d   E h Z ^  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϯ ϲ ϴ t  h d  Z ^ >  h Z  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕Ϯϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϯ ϳ ϯ ^ /   / Y h   / ^ ,  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ͕Ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϰ Ϭ ϳ d  E ' Z   / W  h >  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ͕ϭ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϭ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϰ ϴ ϱ ^ D / d , d , K D  ^ ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϰϮ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ͕ ϰ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϱ ϭ ϳ & / E K ^ :   E / E  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϱ Ϯ ϵ W K t  Z ^ W , / > / W ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ D / ^   > >  E  K h ^   D W > K z   Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϱ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϱ ϯ ϰ D  Z > K E / Ͳ  Ζ  > K /  : / > > ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϲ ϳ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϲ ϳ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϱ ϰ ϭ   <  Z   s /  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϴ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϱ ϱ ϴ D  Z  /  Z D /  ,  > >  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϱ ϱ ϵ D   h Z D /  ,   > ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϭϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϱ ϲ ϭ D   Z K Z  z ^  Z  , ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϲ ϭ ϴ s  / > <  Z  E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϵ ϯ ϳ ͘ ϱ ϳ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϭ ϵ ϳ ͘ ϱ ϳ ϯϲ Ϯ ϲ  K > ^ < / E /  K >  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ϲϲ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲ ϲ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϲ ϱ ϯ ^ E z   Z Z K   Z d ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϲϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϲ ϱ ϲ D h Z  K  < ^ d  W ,  E /  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϱ ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϭ ͕ ϱ ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϲ ϴ ϭ   E < ^  , Z / ^ d K W ,  Z ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ  K   , Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϲ ͕ ϭ ϴ ϰ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϳ Ϯ ϳ  , / E  , /    , / ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϯϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϯ ϴ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϳ ϳ ϯ ^ ,  D  K  Z / d d  E z ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϳ ϳ ϰ W /  < , K >  >   , ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ͕ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϰ Ψ ϭ ϯ ͕ ϭ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϯ ϰ ϯϴ ϯ ϭ d / d h ^ : K  E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϯ ϵ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ ϯ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϴ ϰ ϳ   > /  D h   Z  < ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ϴϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϴ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϴ ϰ ϴ   Z > ^ K E ^  K d d ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ϵϮ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϵ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϴ ϱ ϰ ^ z > s  ^ d  Z <  Z  E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϱ ͕ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϴ ϱ ϳ Z K d , W  d Z /  < ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d   E h Z ^  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϴ ϲ ϰ D   h Z :  z ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϯ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϴ ϲ ϵ ^ d Z /  < >  E   , Z / ^ d / E  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ 79  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϯϴ ϳ ϱ ^ W  E   Z D K E /   ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭϲ ͕ ϭ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ ϭ Ϯ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϴ ϳ ϳ  K t D  E <  d ,  Z / E  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϴ ϳ ϵ t  Z Z  E  D / > z ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϴ ϵ ϰ D  E E D  Z z ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϯ ϴ ϵ ͘ϮϬ Ψ ϴ ͕ ϯ ϴ ϵ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ ϯϴ ϵ ϲ ,  E   Z ^ K E D  d d ,  t ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ ϬϬ Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ Ϭ ϯ  K E E  Z D /  ,   > ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴϴ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϴ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ ϭ ϰ    h Z  '  Z   : Z Z  z D K E  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ^ , K Z d  d  Z D  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϵ ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ ϭ ϱ >  Z < / E : K E  d ,  E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϮ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϰ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ Ϯ ϳ ^  , t  Z d  D /  ,   > ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ^ , K Z d  d  Z D  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ ϰ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϴ ϲ Ψ ϭ ϲ ͕ ϰ Ϯ Ϯ ͘ ϴ ϲ ϯϵ ϯ Ϭ D / < < / > / E  E / ^ D / d ,  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϴ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϴ ϵ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ ϰ ϰ >  E d K E / <  d , Z z E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϮ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ ϰ ϳ  > <  ^ ^ Z  E  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ ϴ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϴ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϯϵ ϴ ϵ   W h   /  > > K   ^ ^ /  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ ϭ ϵ ͕ ϴ ϵ ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϲ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϵ ͕ ϴ ϵ ϯ ͘ Ϯ ϲ ϯϵ ϵ Ϯ < K   z : K ^  W , ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϳ ͕ϲϯ ϭ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ϳ ͕ ϲ ϯ ϭ ͘ Ϯ Ϭ ϰϬ ϭ ϳ  K > > / E ^ <  Z / ^ ^  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϲ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϲ ͕ Ϯ Ϭ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϭ ϵ   ^  z  K h ' >  ^ ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ Ϯ Ϭ K Z > K & & : K  > >  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϲϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϳ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ Ϯ ϭ ,  d  ,  K h ' >  ^ ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ Ϯ ϲ  K E  ^  Z  , ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ Ϯ ϳ d Z / d K E  ^ ,  Z z E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ͕ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϯ Ϭ ^ d Z  / E s /  d K Z /  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϮ ͕ ϵ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϵ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϯ Ϯ   Z Z ' Z  d  ,  E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ϴϮ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ͕ ϴ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϯ ϰ ' Z  E '  Z  /  E  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϯ ϵ : K  , / D  /  E E  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ϰϬ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϰ Ϭ  Z K t E D  > / ^ ^  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ϵϬ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ͕ ϵ Ϭ ϱ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϰ ϭ <  , >  Ͳ ^ , K E  D  E   t E ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϰ Ϯ t / > >   ^  E < Z / ^ d z ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϰ ϱ t , / d  :  E E / &  Z ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ͕ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϰ ϲ ^ W /  >   Z '  Z d  Z  ^  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϱ ϯ      >  ^ t  W E  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ͕ϱ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ͕ ϱ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϱ ϰ & / >  ^   Z   Z  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d   E h Z ^  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϯ ϭ Ϯ ͘ ϱ Ϭ 80  η > Ă Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ & ŝ ƌ Ɛ ƚ  E Ă ŵ Ğ > Ž Đ Ă ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ : Ž ď   ů Ă Ɛ Ɛ   Ğ Ɛ Đ ƌ ŝ Ɖ ƚ ŝ Ž Ŷ   ^  > K E '  s / dz K d   d  / >  >   d / K E    K d ,  Z ' Z K ^ ^ ϰϬ ϱ ϲ  h E  K   / Z  Z  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϲϬ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϳ ϱ '  D   ,  W  h > ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϳ ϴ  h  , ,  > d  Z  s  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϳ ϵ ^ W  s  E d K  , Z / ^ d / E  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϯ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϴ ϭ ,  Z  z : h  / d , ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ Ϯ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϴ ϳ > K '  E d Z   z ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ ϴ Ϭ ͘ϬϬ Ψ ϰ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϵ Ϭ D K E d  > d K :  D  ^ ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵϮ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϵ ϭ ,  E E    > / E  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϳϮ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϳ Ϯ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ ϵ ϵ   > ^  D Z , K E   ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϴ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϭ Ϭ ϭ E  W K > / D  Z /  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲϬ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϲ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϭ Ϭ ϯ ' / > W / E  K h Z d E  z ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϱ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϱ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϭ Ϭ ϰ D  Z Z h > > K : K ^  W , ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ΨϮ ͕ ϰ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϯ ͕ ϰ ϰ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϭ ϭ Ϭ D / ^ , Z  E /  , / ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϭ ϭ ϭ  >  E  ,  Z  : K E  >  ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϵ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ ϰϭ ϭ ϳ D   K K >  ,  Z >  ^ ^ ϰ Ϭ Ϭ   / > z  ^ h  ^ d / d h d  Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ͕ϭ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψ ϭ ͕ ϭ ϲ Ϭ ͘ Ϭ Ϭ Ψϰ ϰ ͕ ϭ ϯ ϳ ͕ ϰ ϴ ϳ ͘ ϱ ϴ 81 TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N UM A S V e r s i o n CO M B I N E D B A L A N C E S H E E T - A L L F U N D T Y P E S A N D A C C O U N T G R O U P Ju n e 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 Fid u c i a r y A c c o u n t Go v e r n m e n t a l F u n d T y p e s F u n d T y p e s G r o u p Tru s t G e n e r a l Sp e c i a l C a p i t a l a n d L o n g - T e r m T O T A L As s e t s a n d O t h e r D e b i t s Ge n e r a l R e v e n u e P r o j e c t s S e w e r W a t e r P a r k & R e c A g e n c y O b l i g a t i o n s ( M e m o O n l y ) Ca s h a n d c a s h e q u i v a l e n t s 1 3 , 0 5 0 , 8 9 3 . 7 2 1 6 , 8 9 5 , 2 2 4 . 1 4 1 2 , 3 0 2 , 0 5 6 . 3 3 1 , 2 1 5 , 5 7 7 . 8 1 1 , 5 3 8 , 5 4 9 . 6 7 5 0 2 , 5 5 3 . 9 9 9 , 1 0 6 , 2 0 3 . 4 2 5 4 , 6 1 1 , 0 5 9 . 0 8 Re c e i v a b l e s : P r o p e r t y t a x e s 7 2 8 , 9 7 5 . 0 4 72 8 , 9 7 5 . 0 4 T a x L i e n s 1 , 5 4 7 , 2 6 3 . 2 9 1,5 4 7 , 2 6 3 . 2 9 E x c i s e t a x e s 2 7 9 , 7 5 5 . 2 0 27 9 , 7 5 5 . 2 0 In t e r g o v e r n m e n t a l 2 8 , 0 7 6 . 0 0 9 , 5 4 7 . 1 4 2 , 2 6 9 , 5 8 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 3 0 7 , 2 0 3 . 1 4 C h a r g e s f o r s e r v i c e s a n d o t h e r 7 4 3 , 6 3 3 . 1 1 5 , 3 7 7 , 0 6 3 . 0 1 1 1 9 , 9 6 2 . 5 1 - 6 , 2 4 0 , 6 5 8 . 6 3 To t a l r e c e i v a b l e s 2 , 5 8 4 , 0 6 9 . 5 3 7 5 3 , 1 8 0 . 2 5 2 , 2 6 9 , 5 8 0 . 0 0 5 , 3 7 7 , 0 6 3 . 0 1 1 1 9 , 9 6 2 . 5 1 - - - 1 1 , 1 0 3 , 8 5 5 . 3 0 Du e f r o m o t h e r f u n d s - - Pr e p a i d e x p e n s e s - - Ot h e r a s s e t s 2 9 , 0 4 9 . 7 8 29 , 0 4 9 . 7 8 Am o u n t s t o b e p r o v i d e d f o r t h e re t i r e m e n t o f g e n e r a l l o n g - t e r m o b l i g a t i o n s - 9 , 9 0 2 , 3 1 0 . 9 5 5 , 3 3 3 , 2 6 4 . 0 0 1 5 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 7 2 , 5 6 5 , 0 8 5 . 0 0 8 7 , 9 5 5 , 6 5 9 . 9 5 To t a l a s s e t s 1 5 , 6 6 4 , 0 1 3 . 0 3 1 7 , 6 4 8 , 4 0 4 . 3 9 1 4 , 5 7 1 , 6 3 6 . 3 3 1 6 , 4 9 4 , 9 5 1 . 7 7 6 , 9 9 1 , 7 7 6 . 1 8 6 5 7 , 5 5 3 . 9 9 9 , 1 0 6 , 2 0 3 . 4 2 7 2 , 5 6 5 , 0 8 5 . 0 0 1 5 3 , 6 9 9 , 6 2 4 . 1 1 Lia b i l i t i e s , E q u i t y a n d O t h e r C r e d i t s W a r r a n t s a n d a c c o u n t s p a y a b l e 5 , 6 5 8 , 0 1 1 . 9 5 2 4 0 , 5 8 5 . 8 7 3 , 0 9 6 , 9 7 1 . 7 3 7 3 , 6 7 6 . 9 7 1 1 2 , 3 4 3 . 2 3 2 5 , 3 3 0 . 1 7 1 , 8 5 3 . 0 0 9 , 2 0 8 , 7 7 2 . 9 2 Gu a r a n t y d e p o s i t s - Ac c r u e d l i a b i l i t i e s : C a p i t a l l e a s e p a y a b l e - - O t h e r 1 3 7 , 5 9 9 . 0 5 2 , 2 2 1 . 3 0 - - - 1 , 0 2 6 , 4 6 1 . 9 6 1 , 1 6 6 , 2 8 2 . 3 1 Du e t o o t h e r f u n d s - - - Ge n e r a l o b l i g a t i o n b o n d s a n d n o t e s p a y a b l e - - 2 , 3 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 9 , 9 0 2 , 3 1 0 . 9 5 5 , 3 3 3 , 2 6 4 . 0 0 1 5 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 7 2 , 5 6 5 , 0 8 5 . 0 0 9 0 , 3 1 5 , 6 5 9 . 9 5 De f e r r e d r e v e n u e 6 3 1 , 9 5 7 . 1 8 5 6 9 , 3 8 8 . 1 1 2 , 0 3 8 , 8 2 8 . 0 0 5 , 3 7 7 , 0 6 3 . 0 1 1 1 9 , 9 6 2 . 5 1 - - 8 , 7 3 7 , 1 9 8 . 8 1 Pr o v i s i o n f o r a b a t e m e n t s a n d e x e m p t i o n s 1 , 9 5 3 , 0 8 6 . 1 3 1,9 5 3 , 0 8 6 . 1 3 Ob l i g a t i o n u n d e r c a p i t a l l e a s e - To t a l l i a b i l i t i e s 8 , 38 0 , 6 5 4 . 3 1 8 1 2 , 1 9 5 . 2 8 7 , 4 9 5 , 7 9 9 . 7 3 1 5 , 3 5 3 , 0 5 0 . 9 3 5 , 5 6 5 , 5 6 9 . 7 4 1 8 0 , 3 3 0 . 1 7 1 , 0 2 8 , 3 1 4 . 9 6 7 2 , 5 6 5 , 0 8 5 . 0 0 1 1 1 , 3 8 1 , 0 0 0 . 1 2 Re t a i n e d e a r n i n g s 30 8 , 0 9 9 . 7 0 9 5 7 , 8 5 7 . 4 8 1 4 2 , 5 2 2 . 9 2 1 , 4 0 8 , 4 8 0 . 1 0 Fu n d b a l a n c e s : R e s e r v e d f o r : E n c u m b r a n c e s a n d c o n t i n u i n g a p p r o p r i a t i o n s 5 6 6 , 7 7 5 . 6 9 4 2 6 , 9 0 2 . 7 9 1 . 1 4 1 , 5 4 8 . 9 6 5 0 2 . 1 3 9 9 5 , 7 3 0 . 7 1 E n d o w m e n t 1,3 9 4 , 0 2 5 . 1 7 1 , 3 9 4 , 0 2 5 . 1 7 U n r e s e r v e d : D e s i g n a t e d f o r s p e c i a l p u r p o s e s 5 9 3 , 9 5 9 . 3 2 1 , 7 8 1 , 4 3 6 . 7 9 3 3 4 , 1 9 8 . 7 7 6 , 6 8 3 , 8 6 3 . 2 9 9 , 3 9 3 , 4 5 8 . 1 7 D e s i g n a t e d f o r s u b s e q u e n t y e a r e x p e n d i t u r e s 7 5 5 , 4 4 5 . 0 0 3 , 1 9 6 , 8 3 5 . 0 0 4 9 9 , 8 2 1 . 0 0 8 3 3 , 8 0 0 . 0 0 4 6 6 , 8 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 , 7 5 2 , 7 0 1 . 0 0 D e s i g n a t e d f o r p e t t y c a s h 5 0 . 0 0 50 . 0 0 U n d e s i g n a t e d - d e f i c i t s ( 3 1 , 5 0 1 . 0 4 ) ( 3 1 , 6 9 5 . 5 0 ) (63 , 1 9 6 . 5 4 ) U n d e s i g n a t e d 5 , 3 9 8 , 6 2 9 . 7 5 1 1 , 4 6 2 , 7 3 0 . 0 3 6 , 5 7 6 , 0 1 5 . 6 0 - 2 3 , 4 3 7 , 3 7 5 . 3 8 To t a l e q u i t y a n d o t h e r c r e d i t s 7 , 2 8 3 , 3 5 8 . 7 2 1 6 , 8 3 6 , 2 0 9 . 1 1 7 , 0 7 5 , 8 3 6 . 6 0 1 , 1 4 1 , 9 0 0 . 8 4 1 , 4 2 6 , 2 0 6 . 4 4 4 7 7 , 2 2 3 . 8 2 8 , 0 7 7 , 8 8 8 . 4 6 - 4 2 , 3 1 8 , 6 2 3 . 9 9 Co n t i n g e n c i e s To t a l l i a b i l i t i e s , e q u i t y an d o t h e r c r e d i t s 1 5 , 6 6 4 , 0 1 3 . 0 3 1 7 , 6 4 8 , 4 0 4 . 3 9 1 4 , 5 7 1 , 6 3 6 . 3 3 1 6 , 4 9 4 , 9 5 1 . 7 7 6 , 9 9 1 , 7 7 6 . 1 8 6 5 7 , 5 5 3 . 9 9 9 , 1 0 6 , 2 0 3 . 4 2 7 2 , 5 6 5 , 0 8 5 . 0 0 1 5 3 , 6 9 9 , 6 2 4 .11 Pr o p r i e t a r y F u n d T y p e s 82 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 DU E S A N D M E M B E R S H I P S 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 9 2 . 8 7 - 1 , 8 0 7 . 1 3 To t a l 1 2 2 S E L E C T M E N 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 2 9 . 6 2 - 1 , 7 7 0 . 3 8 SA L A R I E S F U L L T I M E 3 0 8 , 0 0 1 . 0 0 - 3 0 8 , 0 0 1 . 0 0 2 6 5 , 7 7 2 . 5 1 - 4 2 , 2 2 8 . 4 9 SA L A R I E S P A R T T I M E - - - 1 , 1 2 2 . 0 0 - ( 1 , 1 2 2 . 0 0 ) W A G E S H O U R L Y 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 2 , 9 4 2 . 2 5 - ( 1 8 , 9 4 2 . 2 5 ) AD V E R T I S I N G - - - 7 7 2 . 8 0 - ( 7 7 2 . 8 0 ) EC O N O M I C D E V E L O P M E N T 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 7 , 0 4 1 . 3 9 - 2 , 9 5 8 . 6 1 PO S T A G E 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - 5 0 0 . 0 0 M I S C O F F I C E S U P P L I E S 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 7 3 9 . 4 4 - ( 7 3 9 . 4 4 ) M E E T I N G S 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 4 5 3 . 6 6 - 2 , 0 4 6 . 3 4 CO N F E R E N C E S 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 4 9 6 . 3 6 - 1 , 5 0 3 . 6 4 M I L E A G E 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 8 4 . 5 7 - 7 1 5 . 4 3 DU E S A N D M E M B E R S H I P S - - - 4 , 6 3 7 . 4 6 - ( 4 , 6 3 7 . 4 6 ) To t a l 1 2 3 T O W N M A N A G E R 3 3 4 , 0 0 1 . 0 0 - 3 3 4 , 0 0 1 . 0 0 3 1 0 , 2 6 2 . 4 4 - 2 3 , 7 3 8 . 5 6 RE S E R V E F U N D 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ( 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ) - - - - M I S C O T H E R C H G S A N D E X P E N S E S 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 . 0 0 2 5 5 . 0 0 - 2 4 5 . 0 0 To t a l 1 3 1 A P P R O P R I A T I O N C O M M I T T E E 1 2 5 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 ( 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ) 5 0 0 . 0 0 2 5 5 . 0 0 - 2 4 5 . 0 0 SA L A R I E S F U L L T I M E 2 6 1 , 3 5 6 . 7 1 - 2 6 1 , 3 5 6 . 7 1 1 7 7 , 0 8 8 . 1 6 - 8 4 , 2 6 8 . 5 5 W A G E S H O U R L Y 2 5 , 1 9 4 . 0 0 - 2 5 , 1 9 4 . 0 0 4 4 , 5 4 0 . 2 5 - ( 1 9 , 3 4 6 . 2 5 ) AC C O U N T I N G A N D A U D I T I N G 2 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 3 , 0 1 8 . 0 0 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ( 3 7 , 0 1 8 . 0 0 ) M I S C O T H E R C O N T R A C T E D S V C S 1 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 0 1 4 . 7 9 - 2 8 5 . 2 1 M I S C O F F I C E S U P P L I E S 2 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 0 0 . 0 0 3 9 6 . 2 2 - ( 1 9 6 . 2 2 ) CO N F E R E N C E S 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 9 2 1 . 0 4 - ( 9 2 1 . 0 4 ) M I L E A G E 3 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 0 0 . 0 0 3 3 6 . 2 7 - ( 3 6 . 2 7 ) DU E S A N D M E M B E R S H I P S 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 5 . 0 0 - 3 9 5 . 0 0 To t a l 1 3 3 A C C O U N T I N G 3 1 2 , 8 5 0 . 7 1 - 3 1 2 , 8 5 0 . 7 1 2 7 8 , 4 1 9 . 7 3 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 7 , 4 3 0 . 9 8 SA L A R I E S F U L L T I M E 1 4 8 , 7 8 8 . 0 0 9 , 7 0 0 . 0 0 1 5 8 , 4 8 8 . 0 0 1 5 5 , 9 5 5 . 4 9 - 2 , 5 3 2 . 5 1 W A G E S H O U R L Y 4 4 , 0 4 8 . 0 0 - 4 4 , 0 4 8 . 0 0 3 6 , 2 9 0 . 0 8 - 7 , 7 5 7 . 9 2 AP P R A I S A L S E R V I C E S 5 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 9 , 7 4 8 . 1 0 - ( 7 , 7 4 8 . 1 0 ) M A P P I N G S E R V I C E S 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 M I S C O F F I C E S U P P L I E S 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 0 0 7 . 9 1 - ( 7 . 9 1 ) M E E T I N G S 4 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 0 0 . 0 0 8 6 4 . 0 0 - ( 4 6 4 . 0 0 ) CO N F E R E N C E S 3 , 7 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 7 0 0 . 0 0 4 , 5 7 9 . 4 3 - ( 8 7 9 . 4 3 ) M I L E A G E 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 6 2 8 . 3 9 - ( 6 2 8 . 3 9 ) 83 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 DU E S A N D M E M B E R S H I P S 2 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 2 , 4 9 3 . 1 5 - ( 2 9 3 . 1 5 ) To t a l 1 4 1 A S S E S S O R S 2 5 7 , 1 3 6 . 0 0 9 , 7 0 0 . 0 0 2 6 6 , 8 3 6 . 0 0 2 6 5 , 5 6 6 . 5 5 - 1 , 2 6 9 . 4 5 SA L A R I E S F U L L T I M E 2 1 8 , 8 4 4 . 0 0 - 2 1 8 , 8 4 4 . 0 0 2 2 2 , 1 5 9 . 4 9 - ( 3 , 3 1 5 . 4 9 ) W A G E S H O U R L Y 5 6 , 1 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 6 , 1 0 0 . 0 0 6 2 , 6 1 4 . 5 3 - ( 6 , 5 1 4 . 5 3 ) LO N G E V I T Y 3 5 0 . 0 0 - 3 5 0 . 0 0 - - 3 5 0 . 0 0 BA N K S E R V I C E F E E S 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 , 2 3 7 . 3 3 - 5 , 7 6 2 . 6 7 TA X C O L L E C T I O N S E R V I C E S 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 2 6 3 . 3 4 - 5 , 7 3 6 . 6 6 PO S T A G E 3 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 3 3 , 1 3 5 . 2 0 - ( 6 3 5 . 2 0 ) PO S T A G E M E T E R R E N T A L 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 , 3 6 6 . 0 8 - 6 3 3 . 9 2 M I S C O T H E R C O N T R A C T E D S V C S 1 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 , 1 5 7 . 0 8 - 8 , 8 4 2 . 9 2 EN V E L O P E S 6 0 0 . 0 0 - 6 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 7 . 0 0 - 4 9 3 . 0 0 CH E C K S T O C K 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 , 8 7 1 . 7 3 - 2 , 1 2 8 . 2 7 M I S C O F F I C E S U P P L I E S 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 6 4 1 . 4 0 - ( 6 4 1 . 4 0 ) CO N F E R E N C E S 5 5 0 . 0 0 - 5 5 0 . 0 0 3 3 5 . 0 0 - 2 1 5 . 0 0 M I L E A G E 4 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 0 0 . 0 0 4 2 3 . 6 8 - ( 2 3 . 6 8 ) DU E S A N D M E M B E R S H I P S 4 5 0 . 0 0 - 4 5 0 . 0 0 1 , 0 6 5 . 0 0 - ( 6 1 5 . 0 0 ) To t a l 1 4 5 T R E A S U R E R C O L L E C T O R 3 6 0 , 7 9 4 . 0 0 - 3 6 0 , 7 9 4 . 0 0 3 4 8 , 3 7 6 . 8 6 - 1 2 , 4 1 7 . 1 4 TO W N C O U N S E L 2 0 5 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 6 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 7 0 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 2 2 4 , 1 2 5 . 7 8 - 4 6 , 3 7 4 . 2 2 LA B O R C O U N S E L - - - 4 4 , 6 8 2 . 0 2 - ( 4 4 , 6 8 2 . 0 2 ) SP E C I A L C A B L E C O U N S E L - - - 1 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 - ( 1 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 ) To t a l 1 5 1 L A W D E P A R T M E N T 2 0 5 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 6 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 7 0 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 2 7 0 , 1 0 7 . 8 0 - 3 9 2 . 2 0 SA L A R I E S F U L L T I M E 1 6 0 , 8 8 5 . 9 2 - 1 6 0 , 8 8 5 . 9 2 1 5 0 , 4 0 5 . 8 1 - 1 0 , 4 8 0 . 1 1 W A G E S H O U R L Y 2 0 , 8 3 9 . 0 0 - 2 0 , 8 3 9 . 0 0 2 0 , 8 2 1 . 7 6 - 1 7 . 2 4 CO M P E N S A T I O N C O N T I N G E N C Y F U N D 3 0 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ( 3 0 3 , 1 1 9 . 9 6 ) 1 , 8 8 0 . 0 4 - - 1 , 8 8 0 . 0 4 AD V E R T I S I N G 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 1 4 3 . 0 4 - ( 1 4 3 . 0 4 ) EM P L O Y E E T R A I N I N G 6 8 , 4 9 6 . 9 5 - 6 8 , 4 9 6 . 9 5 2 3 , 5 8 0 . 0 5 - 4 4 , 9 1 6 . 9 0 W E L L N E S S T R A I N I N G 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 3 1 . 3 0 1 , 8 5 5 . 2 5 2 , 7 1 3 . 4 5 M I S C P E R S O N N E L E X P E N S E S 1 0 , 1 2 4 . 8 0 - 1 0 , 1 2 4 . 8 0 1 6 , 0 0 8 . 9 8 - ( 5 , 8 8 4 . 1 8 ) M E D I C A L S E R V I C E S - - - 1 0 5 . 0 0 - ( 1 0 5 . 0 0 ) M I S C O F F I C E S U P P L I E S - - - 5 2 4 . 3 7 - ( 5 2 4 . 3 7 ) RE C O G N I T I O N A W A R D S 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 7 4 2 . 7 3 - 7 5 7 . 2 7 M E E T I N G S 2 , 1 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 1 0 0 . 0 0 - - 2 , 1 0 0 . 0 0 CO N F E R E N C E S 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 9 5 3 . 9 5 - 1 , 5 4 6 . 0 5 M I L E A G E 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 6 . 5 5 - 3 9 3 . 4 5 DU E S A N D M E M B E R S H I P S 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 . 0 0 4 4 4 . 0 0 - 5 6 . 0 0 84 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 To t a l 1 5 2 H U M A N R E S O U R C E S 5 7 8 , 4 4 6 . 6 7 ( 3 0 3 , 1 1 9 . 9 6 ) 2 7 5 , 3 2 6 . 7 1 2 1 5 , 2 6 7 . 5 4 1 , 8 5 5 . 2 5 5 8 , 2 0 3 . 9 2 SA L A R I E S F U L L T I M E 1 7 1 , 8 7 0 . 4 9 3 , 4 9 2 . 9 9 1 7 5 , 3 6 3 . 4 8 1 7 5 , 6 2 8 . 6 8 - ( 2 6 5 . 2 0 ) W A G E S H O U R L Y 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 2 . 0 0 2 5 , 1 1 2 . 0 0 3 3 , 6 7 5 . 1 8 - ( 8 , 5 6 3 . 1 8 ) TE C H N O L O G Y S E R V I C E S 1 7 6 , 0 2 9 . 9 2 2 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 9 8 , 0 2 9 . 9 2 1 7 8 , 3 4 6 . 4 7 2 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ( 2 , 3 1 6 . 5 5 ) TE L E P H O N E 9 9 , 1 9 9 . 9 2 - 9 9 , 1 9 9 . 9 2 1 1 6 , 0 4 1 . 6 4 - ( 1 6 , 8 4 1 . 7 2 ) M I S C O F F I C E S U P P L I E S 1 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 , 0 6 7 . 7 7 1 9 9 . 9 6 7 3 2 . 2 7 TE C H N O L O G Y S U P P L I E S 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 4 0 4 . 4 3 - ( 4 0 4 . 4 3 ) TE C H N O L O G Y S O F T W A R E 1 7 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 7 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 5 5 , 4 1 0 . 1 3 1 8 , 9 0 0 . 0 0 6 8 9 . 8 7 TE C H N O L O G Y H A R D W A R E 2 7 , 2 5 0 . 0 0 - 2 7 , 2 5 0 . 0 0 1 , 7 9 1 . 6 6 - 2 5 , 4 5 8 . 3 4 NE T W O R K / T E L E C O M M S U P P L I E S 4 , 3 5 0 . 0 0 - 4 , 3 5 0 . 0 0 - - 4 , 3 5 0 . 0 0 PR I O R Y E A R E X P E N S E I T - 2 , 2 7 2 . 3 5 2 , 2 7 2 . 3 5 2 , 2 7 2 . 4 3 - ( 0 . 0 8 ) To t a l 1 5 5 I N F O R M A T I O N T E C H N O L O G Y 6 9 3 , 7 0 0 . 3 3 2 7 , 8 7 7 . 3 4 7 2 1 , 5 7 7 . 6 7 6 7 7 , 6 3 8 . 3 9 4 1 , 0 9 9 . 9 6 2 , 8 3 9 . 3 2 TA X T I T L E E X P E N S E S - 50 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 2 , 2 0 2 . 0 0 - 3 7 , 7 9 8 . 0 0 To t a l 1 5 5 T A X T I T L E S - 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 2 , 2 0 2 . 0 0 - 3 7 , 7 9 8 . 0 0 SA L A R I E S F U L L T I M E 1 2 2 , 6 3 0 . 0 4 - 1 2 2 , 6 3 0 . 0 4 1 1 2 , 0 4 1 . 0 3 - 1 0 , 5 8 9 . 0 1 W A G E S H O U R L Y 1 4 , 9 9 9 . 9 2 - 1 4 , 9 9 9 . 9 2 - - 1 4 , 9 9 9 . 9 2 PR I N T I N G & B I N D I N G 1 , 5 5 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 5 5 0 . 0 0 1 , 1 4 2 . 0 0 - 4 0 8 . 0 0 M I S C O T H E R C O N T R A C T E D S V C S 7 , 7 3 9 . 0 0 - 7 , 7 3 9 . 0 0 5 , 4 3 0 . 5 8 - 2 , 3 0 8 . 4 2 M I S C O F F I C E S U P P L I E S 9 9 8 . 9 4 - 9 9 8 . 9 4 1 , 2 0 6 . 0 8 - ( 2 0 7 . 1 4 ) BO O K S & P U B L I C A T I O N S 4 5 0 . 0 0 - 4 5 0 . 0 0 4 5 0 . 0 0 - - M E E T I N G S 1 2 0 . 0 0 - 1 2 0 . 0 0 - - 1 2 0 . 0 0 CO N F E R E N C E S 2 , 3 5 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 3 5 0 . 0 0 9 5 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 4 0 0 . 0 0 M I L E A G E 2 2 0 . 0 0 - 2 2 0 . 0 0 - - 2 2 0 . 0 0 DU E S A N D M E M B E R S H I P S 5 1 0 . 0 0 - 5 1 0 . 0 0 7 0 0 . 0 0 - ( 1 9 0 . 0 0 ) To t a l 1 6 1 T O W N C L E R K 1 5 1 , 5 6 7 . 9 0 - 1 5 1 , 5 6 7 . 9 0 1 2 1 , 9 1 9 . 6 9 - 2 9 , 6 4 8 . 2 1 W A G E S H O U R L Y 1 1 , 0 2 4 . 0 0 - 1 1 , 0 2 4 . 0 0 4 , 2 1 2 . 2 4 - 6 , 8 1 1 . 7 6 PR I N T I N G & B I N D I N G 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 1 9 2 . 8 0 - ( 2 , 6 9 2 . 8 0 ) CO N T R A C T S E R V I C E S E L E C T I O N S 7 , 5 7 5 . 0 0 - 7 , 5 7 5 . 0 0 4 , 7 8 3 . 9 5 - 2 , 7 9 1 . 0 5 M I S C O T H E R C O N T R A C T E D S V C S 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 2 , 9 4 6 . 5 0 - ( 4 4 6 . 5 0 ) EL E C T I O N S U P P L I E S 2 7 4 . 9 0 - 2 7 4 . 9 0 9 7 . 1 7 - 1 7 7 . 7 3 M I S C O F F I C E S U P P L I E S 7 5 9 . 9 5 - 7 5 9 . 9 5 2 9 3 . 9 6 - 4 6 5 . 9 9 To t a l 1 6 2 E L E C T I O N A N D R E G I S T R A T I O N 2 2 , 6 3 3 . 8 5 - 2 2 , 6 3 3 . 8 5 1 5 , 5 2 6 . 6 2 - 7 , 1 0 7 . 2 3 SA L A R I E S F U L L T I M E 3 4 4 , 0 5 5 . 7 8 5 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 3 4 9 , 2 5 5 . 7 8 3 5 4 , 0 4 0 . 0 2 - ( 4 , 7 8 4 . 2 4 ) 85 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 SA L A R I E S P A R T T I M E 4 , 0 0 5 . 3 6 - 4 , 0 0 5 . 3 6 4 , 9 9 9 . 9 4 - ( 9 9 4 . 5 8 ) W A G E S H O U R L Y 1 9 1 , 4 6 4 . 0 0 - 1 9 1 , 4 6 4 . 0 0 1 9 0 , 0 5 4 . 1 2 - 1 , 4 0 9 . 8 8 W A G E S H O U R L Y A D D I T I O N A L 5 , 5 4 0 . 0 0 - 5 , 5 4 0 . 0 0 5 , 0 3 2 . 8 1 - 5 0 7 . 1 9 OV E R T I M E - - - 1 4 0 . 1 8 - ( 1 4 0 . 1 8 ) LO N G E V I T Y 3 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 - - AD V E R T I S I N G 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 . 0 0 3 0 6 . 0 0 - 1 9 4 . 0 0 PR I N T I N G & B I N D I N G 4 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 5 5 3 . 0 0 - ( 1 , 1 5 3 . 0 0 ) M I S C O T H E R C O N T R A C T E D S V C S 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 , 1 4 5 . 0 0 - 4 , 8 5 5 . 0 0 M I S C O F F I C E S U P P L I E S 1 , 8 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 8 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 2 7 9 . 1 3 - 5 2 0 . 8 7 CO N F E R E N C E S 6 7 0 . 0 0 - 6 7 0 . 0 0 1 , 0 7 4 . 4 9 - ( 4 0 4 . 4 9 ) M I L E A G E 1 5 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 0 . 0 0 3 9 . 6 8 - 1 1 0 . 3 2 DU E S A N D M E M B E R S H I P S 1 , 7 2 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 7 2 0 . 0 0 1 , 7 4 7 . 0 0 - ( 2 7 . 0 0 ) To t a l 1 7 0 L A N D U S E 5 6 8 , 9 0 5 . 1 4 5 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 5 7 4 , 1 0 5 . 1 4 5 7 4 , 0 1 1 . 3 7 - 9 3 . 7 7 M I S C O T H E R C H G S A N D E X P E N S E S 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 To t a l 1 7 3 O P E N S P A C E P R E S C O M M I T T E E 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 M I S C O T H E R C H G S A N D E X P E N S E S 3 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 0 0 . 0 0 - - 3 0 0 . 0 0 To t a l 1 7 7 S U S T A I N A B L E G R E E N C O M M I T T 3 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 0 0 . 0 0 - - 3 0 0 . 0 0 AD V E R T I S I N G 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 2 9 . 3 2 - 1 , 7 7 0 . 6 8 AP P R A I S A L S E R V I C E S 6 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 6 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 6 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 M I S C O T H E R C H G S A N D E X P E N S E S 4 3 , 4 4 0 . 0 0 - 4 3 , 4 4 0 . 0 0 6 , 5 1 6 . 8 5 3 4 , 9 3 9 . 0 2 1 , 9 8 4 . 1 3 To t a l 1 8 7 U P P E R C H A S R I V E R T R A I L C O 5 1 , 4 4 0 . 0 0 - 5 1 , 4 4 0 . 0 0 6 , 7 4 6 . 1 7 3 4 , 9 3 9 . 0 2 9 , 7 5 4 . 8 1 M I S C O T H E R C H G S A N D E X P E N S E S 8 , 2 7 0 . 0 0 - 8 , 2 7 0 . 0 0 - - 8 , 2 7 0 . 0 0 To t a l 1 9 2 T O W N H A L L 8 , 2 7 0 . 0 0 - 8 , 2 7 0 . 0 0 - - 8 , 2 7 0 . 0 0 M I S C O T H E R C H G S A N D E X P E N S E S 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - 5 0 0 . 0 0 To t a l 1 9 6 C A B L E C O M M I T T E E 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - 5 0 0 . 0 0 R& L H Y D R A N T S 2 9 6 , 8 5 6 . 0 0 - 2 9 6 , 8 5 6 . 0 0 2 9 6 , 8 5 6 . 0 0 - - AC C O U N T I N G A N D A U D I T I N G 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - PR I N T I N G T O W N R E P O R T S 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - To t a l 1 9 9 O T H E R G E N E R A L G O V E R N M E N T 3 3 6 , 8 5 6 . 0 0 1 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 4 9 , 8 5 6 . 0 0 3 4 1 , 8 5 6 . 0 0 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - SA L A R I E S F U L L T I M E 4 1 0 , 5 8 9 . 2 5 1 4 , 3 2 0 . 6 7 4 2 4 , 9 0 9 . 9 2 4 2 5 , 7 8 1 . 1 4 - ( 8 7 1 . 2 2 ) W A G E S H O U R L Y 1 , 6 7 1 , 2 6 3 . 3 6 - 1 , 6 7 1 , 2 6 3 . 3 6 1 , 6 3 8 , 2 7 6 . 0 4 - 3 2 , 9 8 7 . 3 2 86 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 OV E R T I M E 1 6 5 , 6 2 0 . 7 1 - 1 6 5 , 6 2 0 . 7 1 1 9 5 , 8 2 5 . 0 2 - ( 3 0 , 2 0 4 . 3 1 ) R& M V E H I C L E S A N D E Q U I P M E N T 2 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 9 , 9 8 4 . 9 9 - 1 5 . 0 1 R& M M I S C D E P T E Q U I P M E N T 1 6 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 6 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 2 3 , 9 3 5 . 3 6 3 , 2 2 4 . 8 8 ( 1 0 , 6 6 0 . 2 4 ) EM P L O Y E E T R A I N I N G 2 2 , 6 8 3 . 4 7 - 2 2 , 6 8 3 . 4 7 2 4 , 5 0 1 . 7 4 - ( 1 , 8 1 8 . 2 7 ) PO S T A G E 1 , 4 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 4 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 4 4 0 . 0 0 - ( 4 0 . 0 0 ) M I S C O T H E R C O N T R A C T E D S V C S 1 3 , 4 2 3 . 0 0 - 1 3 , 4 2 3 . 0 0 1 0 , 1 3 9 . 9 6 - 3 , 2 8 3 . 0 4 M I S C O F F I C E S U P P L I E S 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 , 7 5 5 . 3 8 - 6 , 2 4 4 . 6 2 EQ U I P M E N T R & M S U P P L I E S 2 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 2 9 1 . 6 2 - ( 1 , 0 9 1 . 6 2 ) M I S C V E H I C U L A R S U P P L I E S 4 1 , 4 8 0 . 0 0 - 4 1 , 4 8 0 . 0 0 4 2 , 0 9 0 . 2 3 - ( 6 1 0 . 2 3 ) AU X I L I A R Y P O L I C E S U P P L I E S 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 UN I F O R M S & O T H E R C L O T H I N G 3 8 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 8 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 2 7 , 8 7 2 . 0 0 - 1 0 , 3 2 8 . 0 0 DU E S A N D M E M B E R S H I P S 9 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 9 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 9 , 9 7 6 . 0 0 - ( 4 7 6 . 0 0 ) To t a l 2 1 0 P O L I C E D E P A R T M E N T 2 , 4 3 2 , 8 5 9 . 7 9 1 4 , 3 2 0 . 6 7 2 , 4 4 7 , 1 8 0 . 4 6 2 , 4 3 3 , 8 6 9 . 4 8 3 , 2 2 4 . 8 8 1 0 , 0 8 6 . 1 0 W A G E S H O U R L Y 4 4 2 , 4 8 1 . 3 7 3 6 , 9 0 0 . 0 0 4 7 9 , 3 8 1 . 3 7 4 3 2 , 8 0 9 . 2 8 - 4 6 , 5 7 2 . 0 9 OV E R T I M E 5 8 , 5 4 5 . 0 0 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 6 3 , 5 4 5 . 0 0 8 6 , 9 5 2 . 2 1 - ( 2 3 , 4 0 7 . 2 1 ) PR I O R F Y C O N T R A C T - 2 9 , 2 6 4 . 3 7 2 9 , 2 6 4 . 3 7 2 9 , 2 6 4 . 3 7 - - EM P L O Y E E T R A I N I N G 8 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 - 8 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 6 , 3 3 8 . 2 3 - 1 , 8 6 1 . 7 7 UN I F O R M S A N D O T H E R C L O T H I N G 4 , 8 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 , 8 0 0 . 0 0 2 , 3 8 1 . 2 5 - 2 , 4 1 8 . 7 5 DU E S A N D M E M B E R S H I P S 7 5 0 . 0 0 - 7 5 0 . 0 0 3 4 2 . 0 0 - 4 0 8 . 0 0 To t a l 2 1 4 C E N T R A L D I S P A T C H 5 1 4 , 7 7 6 . 3 7 7 1 , 1 6 4 . 3 7 5 8 5 , 9 4 0 . 7 4 5 5 8 , 0 8 7 . 3 4 - 2 7 , 8 5 3 . 4 0 SA L A R I E S F U L L T I M E 1 , 9 4 0 , 5 6 5 . 6 6 1 6 2 , 7 4 8 . 1 7 2 , 1 0 3 , 3 1 3 . 8 3 2 , 1 2 2 , 6 8 7 . 2 5 - ( 1 9 , 3 7 3 . 4 2 ) CA L L W A G E S - - - 1 , 1 5 1 . 4 6 - ( 1 , 1 5 1 . 4 6 ) OV E R T I M E 3 3 4 , 1 9 2 . 2 3 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 5 9 , 1 9 2 . 2 3 3 3 8 , 6 5 6 . 5 0 - 2 0 , 5 3 5 . 7 3 PR I O R F Y C O N T R A C T - 1 3 6 , 2 4 9 . 4 0 1 3 6 , 2 4 9 . 4 0 1 3 6 , 2 4 9 . 4 0 - - R& M V E H I C L E S A N D E Q U I P M E N T 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 9 , 6 5 4 . 2 3 - 1 5 , 3 4 5 . 7 7 R& M V E H F D B R U S H 6 - - - 8 1 4 . 0 8 - ( 8 1 4 . 0 8 ) R& M V E H F D C A R 1 - - - 1 , 0 4 3 . 9 9 - ( 1 , 0 4 3 . 9 9 ) R& M V E H F D C A R 2 - - - 1 , 1 5 5 . 2 2 - ( 1 , 1 5 5 . 2 2 ) R& M V E H F D C A R 3 - - - 2 , 0 8 5 . 8 8 - ( 2 , 0 8 5 . 8 8 ) R& M V E H F D C A R 4 - - - 7 1 1 . 9 9 - ( 7 1 1 . 9 9 ) R& M V E H F D E N G I N E 2 - - - 6 , 2 7 1 . 9 8 - ( 6 , 2 7 1 . 9 8 ) R& M V E H F D E N G I N E 4 - - - 8 , 2 1 5 . 9 7 - ( 8 , 2 1 5 . 9 7 ) R& M V E H F D L A D D E R 1 - - - 5 , 0 4 8 . 6 6 - ( 5 , 0 4 8 . 6 6 ) R& M V E H F D R E S C U E 1 - - - 1 9 3 . 9 6 - ( 1 9 3 . 9 6 ) R& M B U I L D I N G S 1 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 4 , 2 8 3 . 3 1 - 7 , 2 1 6 . 6 9 R& L O F F I C E E Q U I P M E N T 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 6 1 3 . 7 2 - 3 8 6 . 2 8 87 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 EM P L O Y E E T R A I N I N G 7 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 7 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 2 0 , 4 6 1 . 6 9 - ( 1 2 , 9 6 1 . 6 9 ) TE L E P H O N E 7 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 7 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 4 , 8 4 2 . 0 3 - 2 , 6 5 7 . 9 7 PO S T A G E 3 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 4 . 1 0 - 1 9 5 . 9 0 M I S C O T H E R C O N T R A C T E D S V C S 1 3 , 6 1 0 . 0 0 - 1 3 , 6 1 0 . 0 0 3 , 6 6 6 . 7 3 - 9 , 9 4 3 . 2 7 GA S O L I N E 1 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 1 , 2 2 7 . 9 2 - ( 2 , 2 2 7 . 9 2 ) M I S C O F F I C E S U P P L I E S 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 8 7 1 . 1 4 - 1 , 6 2 8 . 8 6 BU I L D I N G R & M S U P P L I E S 3 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 4 , 6 4 8 . 5 0 - ( 1 , 1 4 8 . 5 0 ) EQ U I P M E N T R & M S U P P L I E S 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 6 , 1 0 2 . 9 6 - ( 3 , 6 0 2 . 9 6 ) FIR E F I G H T I N G S U P P L I E S 1 8 , 3 8 0 . 0 0 - 1 8 , 3 8 0 . 0 0 9 , 0 3 3 . 7 8 - 9 , 3 4 6 . 2 2 EQ U I P M E N T 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 8 , 0 4 6 . 4 4 - 9 5 3 . 5 6 PE R S O N A L P R O T E C T I V E E Q U I P M E N T 1 2 , 8 3 1 . 0 0 - 1 2 , 8 3 1 . 0 0 1 2 , 8 0 4 . 3 8 - 2 6 . 6 2 UN I F O R M S A N D O T H E R C L O T H I N G 1 4 , 7 6 0 . 0 0 - 1 4 , 7 6 0 . 0 0 8 , 8 3 5 . 1 5 - 5 , 9 2 4 . 8 5 DU E S A N D M E M B E R S H I P S 2 , 9 7 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 9 7 0 . 0 0 5 , 5 7 9 . 5 0 - ( 2 , 6 0 9 . 5 0 ) M I S C O T H E R C H G S A N D E X P E N S E S 1 4 , 9 0 1 . 0 2 - 1 4 , 9 0 1 . 0 2 1 2 , 5 5 6 . 6 9 6 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 ( 4 , 1 5 5 . 6 7 ) To t a l 2 2 0 F I R E D E P A R T M E N T 2 , 4 4 1 , 5 0 9 . 9 1 3 2 3 , 9 9 7 . 5 7 2 , 7 6 5 , 5 0 7 . 4 8 2 , 7 5 7 , 6 1 8 . 6 1 6 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 3 8 8 . 8 7 88 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 SA L A R I E S P A R T T I M E 3 , 2 2 2 . 8 4 - 3 , 2 2 2 . 8 4 3 , 2 2 2 . 8 4 - - M I S C O T H E R S U P P L I E S 1 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 1 8 4 . 8 9 - 1 5 . 1 1 To t a l 2 4 4 W E I G H T S A N D M E A S U R E S 4 , 4 2 2 . 8 4 - 4 , 4 2 2 . 8 4 4 , 4 0 7 . 7 3 - 1 5 . 1 1 SA L A R I E S P A R T T I M E 2 3 , 5 5 5 . 4 8 9 5 0 . 0 0 2 4 , 5 0 5 . 4 8 2 7 , 3 9 8 . 4 8 - ( 2 , 8 9 3 . 0 0 ) RA B I E S C L I N I C 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - 5 0 0 . 0 0 KE N N E L S U P P L I E S 2 , 1 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 1 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 8 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 0 0 . 0 0 M I S C O T H E R C H G S A N D E X P E N S E S 4 , 4 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 , 4 0 0 . 0 0 2 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 1 0 0 . 0 0 To t a l 2 9 2 D O G O F F I C E R 3 0 , 5 5 5 . 4 8 9 5 0 . 0 0 3 1 , 5 0 5 . 4 8 3 1 , 4 9 8 . 4 8 - 7 . 0 0 To t a l 3 0 1 S P E D P R E K I N D E R G A R T E N 49 9 , 6 5 8 . 0 0 9 , 0 4 8 . 0 0 50 8 , 7 0 6 . 0 0 52 0 , 1 0 4 . 3 7 - ( 1 1 , 3 9 8 . 3 7 ) To t a l 3 1 0 K I N D E R G A R T E N 1,0 0 0 . 0 0 1,0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 To t a l 3 2 0 C E N T E R S C H O O L 3,1 7 6 , 6 9 9 . 0 0 1 7 , 1 2 9 . 9 0 3,1 9 3 , 8 2 8 . 9 0 3,1 9 8 , 7 2 8 . 2 7 9 , 5 2 9 . 9 4 (1 4 , 4 2 9 . 3 1 ) To t a l 3 2 1 S P E D C E N T E R S C H O O L 63 8 , 4 4 9 . 0 0 5 8 7 . 0 0 63 9 , 0 3 6 . 0 0 63 3 , 0 3 5 . 1 9 2 7 . 1 9 5,9 7 3 . 6 2 To t a l 3 3 0 E L M W O O D S C H O O L 3,0 6 6 , 5 3 7 . 0 0 ( 2 5 , 1 9 3 . 7 0 ) 3,0 4 1 , 3 4 3 . 3 0 3,0 2 1 , 8 2 8 . 4 9 5 , 5 1 3 . 6 3 14 , 0 0 1 . 1 8 To t a l 3 3 1 S P E D E L M W O O D S C H O O L 69 2 , 4 2 2 . 0 0 ( 4 , 2 1 5 . 0 0 ) 68 8 , 2 0 7 . 0 0 68 0 , 8 2 5 . 7 3 - 7,3 8 1 . 2 7 To t a l 3 4 0 H O P K I N S S C H O O L 3,2 6 3 , 7 4 3 . 0 0 ( 1 1 , 1 5 7 . 1 0 ) 3,2 5 2 , 5 8 5 . 9 0 3,2 3 1 , 9 7 2 . 4 5 4 , 7 5 3 . 9 2 15 , 8 5 9 . 5 3 To t a l 3 4 1 S P E D H O P K I N S S C H O O L 88 7 , 3 2 8 . 0 0 ( 5 1 , 1 9 8 . 4 0 ) 83 6 , 1 2 9 . 6 0 80 3 , 3 1 6 . 6 0 7 6 . 1 5 32 , 7 3 6 . 8 5 To t a l 3 5 0 M I D D L E S C H O O L 6,1 9 2 , 0 5 7 . 0 0 ( 7 8 , 6 3 2 . 1 5 ) 6,1 1 3 , 4 2 4 . 8 5 6,0 4 0 , 5 9 2 . 2 8 3 4 0 . 5 8 72 , 4 9 1 . 9 9 To t a l 3 5 1 S P E D M I D D L E S C H O O L 1,1 8 8 , 1 6 1 . 0 0 ( 6 1 , 9 5 0 . 0 0 ) 1,1 2 6 , 2 1 1 . 0 0 1,1 0 1 , 9 6 0 . 0 3 - 24 , 2 5 0 . 9 7 To t a l 3 6 0 H I G H S C H O O L 8,5 1 4 , 5 2 9 . 0 0 ( 7 0 , 2 0 9 . 4 7 ) 8,4 4 4 , 3 1 9 . 5 3 8,3 3 8 , 4 0 3 . 6 6 4 , 9 2 8 . 3 5 10 0 , 9 8 7 . 5 2 To t a l 3 6 1 S P E D H I G H S C H O O L 1,3 4 3 , 8 4 6 . 0 0 ( 1 9 , 8 9 3 . 0 0 ) 1,3 2 3 , 9 5 3 . 0 0 1,3 3 1 , 9 6 1 . 2 0 2 3 3 . 2 4 (8 , 2 4 1 . 4 4 ) To t a l 3 7 0 S P E D S Y S T E M W I D E 3,7 4 8 , 7 4 3 . 0 0 ( 1 2 2 , 0 3 3 . 9 9 ) 3,6 2 6 , 7 0 9 . 0 1 3,8 2 9 , 0 6 5 . 3 2 5 , 8 5 9 . 7 8 (2 0 8 , 2 1 6 . 0 9 ) To t a l 3 7 1 S P E D E X T E N D E D S C H O O L Y E A R 18 4 , 5 4 4 . 0 0 ( 5 1 , 9 2 5 . 5 7 ) 13 2 , 6 1 8 . 4 3 13 2 , 3 7 8 . 3 8 - 24 0 . 0 5 To t a l 3 8 0 B U I L D I N G S A N D G R O U N D S 2,8 9 8 , 9 6 5 . 0 0 ( 1 , 8 9 5 . 0 0 ) 2,8 9 7 , 0 7 0 . 0 0 2,7 1 0 , 1 2 8 . 7 1 1 2 9 , 5 2 9 . 6 5 57 , 4 1 1 . 6 4 To t a l 3 8 2 A T H L E T I C S 88 4 , 9 5 2 . 0 0 3 , 4 9 3 . 0 0 88 8 , 4 4 5 . 0 0 88 2 , 7 5 2 . 8 6 - 5,6 9 2 . 1 4 To t a l 3 8 3 O C C U P A T I O N A L D A Y 15 8 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 15 8 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 20 5 , 9 8 5 . 7 0 - (4 7 , 7 8 5 . 7 0 ) To t a l 3 8 4 C U R R I C U L U M 70 0 , 3 0 8 . 0 0 2 1 , 8 5 6 . 0 0 72 2 , 1 6 4 . 0 0 73 6 , 7 6 5 . 5 5 1 2 0 . 8 9 (1 4 , 7 2 2 . 4 4 ) To t a l 3 8 5 T E C H N O L O G Y 2,0 6 2 , 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 6 , 5 6 0 . 0 0 2,0 7 8 , 5 7 0 . 0 0 2,0 5 3 , 5 4 9 . 3 2 5 , 5 8 4 . 2 9 19 , 4 3 6 . 3 9 To t a l 3 9 0 S Y S T E M W I D E 2,4 8 9 , 1 6 0 . 0 0 4 2 9 , 6 2 9 . 4 8 2,9 1 8 , 7 8 9 . 4 8 2,9 6 3 , 1 3 3 . 1 3 8 , 3 2 6 . 1 5 (5 2 , 6 6 9 . 8 0 ) To t a l H O P K I N T O N P U B L I C S C H O O L S Y S T E M 4 2 , 5 9 1 , 3 1 1 . 0 0 - 4 2 , 5 9 1 , 3 1 1 . 0 0 4 2 , 4 1 6 , 4 8 7 . 2 4 1 7 4 , 8 2 3 . 7 6 ( 0 . 0 0 ) 89 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 ED U C A T I O N A L S A L A R I E S A N D W A G E S 3 4 , 9 4 7 , 0 2 0 . 0 0 6 3 , 3 0 5 . 0 0 3 5 , 0 1 0 , 3 2 5 . 0 0 3 4 , 8 4 1 , 0 9 7 . 2 9 - 1 6 9 , 2 2 7 . 7 1 ED U C A T I O N A L E X P E N S E S 7 , 6 4 4 , 2 9 1 . 0 0 ( 6 3 , 3 0 5 . 0 0 ) 7 , 5 8 0 , 9 8 6 . 0 0 7 , 5 7 5 , 3 8 9 . 9 5 1 7 4 , 8 2 3 . 7 6 ( 1 6 9 , 2 2 7 . 7 1 ) To t a l H O P K I N T O N P U B L I C S C H O O L S Y S T E M 4 2 , 5 9 1 , 3 1 1 . 0 0 - 4 2 , 5 9 1 , 3 1 1 . 0 0 4 2 , 4 1 6 , 4 8 7 . 2 4 1 7 4 , 8 2 3 . 7 6 0 . 0 0 SA L A R I E S F U L L T I M E 1 0 9 , 0 0 2 . 1 0 - 1 0 9 , 0 0 2 . 1 0 1 1 2 , 2 7 2 . 2 2 - ( 3 , 2 7 0 . 1 2 ) SA L A R I E S P A R T T I M E 1 1 , 2 4 0 . 3 2 - 1 1 , 2 4 0 . 3 2 1 4 , 9 5 2 . 3 4 - ( 3 , 7 1 2 . 0 2 ) W A G E S H O U R L Y 9 3 , 8 7 6 . 1 2 - 9 3 , 8 7 6 . 1 2 8 2 , 9 7 5 . 1 4 - 1 0 , 9 0 0 . 9 8 OV E R T I M E 3 , 6 0 8 . 7 1 - 3 , 6 0 8 . 7 1 4 , 1 6 3 . 9 3 - ( 5 5 5 . 2 2 ) EL E C T R I C I T Y 1 9 7 , 2 5 0 . 0 0 - 1 9 7 , 2 5 0 . 0 0 5 9 , 3 2 7 . 0 7 - 1 3 7 , 9 2 2 . 9 3 EL E C T R I C I T Y T O W N H A L L - - - 5 6 0 . 0 0 - ( 5 6 0 . 0 0 ) EL E C T R I C I T Y P O L I C E D E P T - - - 8 , 2 8 7 . 6 1 - ( 8 , 2 8 7 . 6 1 ) EL E C T R I C I T Y F I R E D E P T - - - 8 , 3 0 3 . 4 3 - ( 8 , 3 0 3 . 4 3 ) EL E C T R I C I T Y F I R E D E P T G R O V E - - - 8 0 . 8 2 - ( 8 0 . 8 2 ) EL E C T R I C I T Y F I R E D P T W O O D V I L L E - - - 5 8 2 . 1 0 - ( 5 8 2 . 1 0 ) EL E C T R I C I T Y H W Y D E P T G A R A G E - - - 1 8 , 6 8 4 . 1 3 - ( 1 8 , 6 8 4 . 1 3 ) EL E C T R I C I T Y H W Y D E P T A D M I N - - - 6 , 9 9 4 . 2 0 - ( 6 , 9 9 4 . 2 0 ) EL E C T R I C I T Y S E N I O R C E N T E R - - - 1 1 , 8 9 4 . 5 4 - ( 1 1 , 8 9 4 . 5 4 ) EL E C T R I C I T Y L I B R A R Y - - - 3 9 , 9 6 3 . 6 1 - ( 3 9 , 9 6 3 . 6 1 ) EL E C T R I C I T Y H I S T C O M M L U M B E R - - - 8 0 . 1 1 - ( 8 0 . 1 1 ) EL E C T R I C I T Y H I S T W E S T M A I N - - - 7 8 . 3 8 - ( 7 8 . 3 8 ) HE A T I N G O I L 5 0 , 1 6 8 . 0 0 - 5 0 , 1 6 8 . 0 0 - - 5 0 , 1 6 8 . 0 0 HT G O I L F I R E W O O D V I L L E - - - 2 , 9 0 4 . 5 5 - ( 2 , 9 0 4 . 5 5 ) HT G O I L D P W A D M I N - - - 2 , 0 4 4 . 6 5 - ( 2 , 0 4 4 . 6 5 ) HT G O I L D P W G A R A G E - - - 1 6 , 8 9 2 . 0 0 - ( 1 6 , 8 9 2 . 0 0 ) HT G O I L D P W M A Y H E W - - - 2 , 0 3 4 . 7 2 - ( 2 , 0 3 4 . 7 2 ) HE A T I N G N A T U R A L G A S 6 9 , 2 1 2 . 0 0 - 6 9 , 2 1 2 . 0 0 8 5 7 . 3 2 - 6 8 , 3 5 4 . 6 8 HT G N A T U R A L G A S T O W N H A L L - - - 4 , 7 0 4 . 0 5 - ( 4 , 7 0 4 . 0 5 ) HT G N A T U R A L G A S P O L I C E D E P T - - - 9 , 6 1 6 . 3 0 - ( 9 , 6 1 6 . 3 0 ) HT G N A T U R A L G A S F I R E D E P T - - - 9 , 8 0 2 . 8 3 - ( 9 , 8 0 2 . 8 3 ) HT G N A T U R A L G A S H I G H W A Y D E P T - - - 1 9 , 4 9 0 . 7 6 - ( 1 9 , 4 9 0 . 7 6 ) HT G N A T U R A L G A S S E N I O R C T R - - - 1 4 , 1 4 1 . 7 1 - ( 1 4 , 1 4 1 . 7 1 ) HT G N A T G A S S E N C T R G E N S E T - - - 2 4 7 . 0 9 - ( 2 4 7 . 0 9 ) HT G N A T U R A L G A S L I B R A R Y - - - 6 , 0 0 7 . 4 4 - ( 6 , 0 0 7 . 4 4 ) SE W E R U S A G E 5 0 , 1 5 2 . 0 0 - 5 0 , 1 5 2 . 0 0 - - 5 0 , 1 5 2 . 0 0 SE W E R U S A G E T O W N H A L L - - - 1 2 9 . 1 7 - ( 1 2 9 . 1 7 ) SE W E R U S A G E P O L I C E D E P T - - - 9 0 5 . 8 4 - ( 9 0 5 . 8 4 ) SE W E R U S A G E F I R E D E P T M A I N - - - 2 , 9 3 2 . 6 4 - ( 2 , 9 3 2 . 6 4 ) 90 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 SE W E R U S A G E C E N T E R S C H O O L - - - 6 , 1 4 7 . 1 4 - ( 6 , 1 4 7 . 1 4 ) SE W E R U S A G E M I D D L E S C H O O L - - - 8 , 7 6 4 . 8 7 - ( 8 , 7 6 4 . 8 7 ) SE W E R U S A G E E L M W O O D S C H O O L - - - 9 , 4 6 7 . 2 4 - ( 9 , 4 6 7 . 2 4 ) SE W E R U S A G E M I D D L E S C H O O L - - - 3 , 7 1 2 . 4 0 - ( 3 , 7 1 2 . 4 0 ) SE W E R U S A G E H O P K I N S S C H O O L - - - 6 , 7 9 1 . 2 4 - ( 6 , 7 9 1 . 2 4 ) SE W E R U S A G E H I G H S C H O O L - - - 4 0 0 . 6 6 - ( 4 0 0 . 6 6 ) SE W E R U S A G E S E N I O R C E N T E R - - - 1 , 3 2 2 . 5 3 - ( 1 , 3 2 2 . 5 3 ) SE W E R U S A G E L I B R A R Y - - - 1 7 5 . 5 1 - ( 1 7 5 . 5 1 ) W A T E R U S A G E 2 9 , 2 9 5 . 0 0 - 2 9 , 2 9 5 . 0 0 - - 2 9 , 2 9 5 . 0 0 W A T E R U S A G E T O W N H A L L - - - 4 9 . 3 2 - ( 4 9 . 3 2 ) W A T E R U S A G E P O L I C E D E P T - - - 3 0 1 . 3 2 - ( 3 0 1 . 3 2 ) W A T E R U S A G E F I R E D E P T - - - 1 , 0 8 8 . 7 1 - ( 1 , 0 8 8 . 7 1 ) W A T E R U S A G E F I R E W O O D V I L L E - - - 4 9 . 3 2 - ( 4 9 . 3 2 ) W A T E R U S A G E C E N T E R S C H O O L - - - 3 , 2 8 3 . 5 6 - ( 3 , 2 8 3 . 5 6 ) W A T E R U S A G E M I D D L E S C H O O L - - - 4 , 8 6 1 . 3 3 - ( 4 , 8 6 1 . 3 3 ) W A T E R U S A G E E L M W O O D S C H O O L - - - 5 , 2 4 9 . 1 6 - ( 5 , 2 4 9 . 1 6 ) W A T E R U S A G E M I D D L E S C H O O L - - - 1 , 8 4 2 . 1 2 - ( 1 , 8 4 2 . 1 2 ) W A T E R U S A G E H O P K I N S S C H O O L - - - 4 , 8 1 3 . 7 9 - ( 4 , 8 1 3 . 7 9 ) W A T E R U S A G E H I G H S C H O O L - - - 1 2 7 . 3 2 - ( 1 2 7 . 3 2 ) W A T E R U S A G E M T A U B U R N C E M E T E R Y - - - 4 9 . 3 2 - ( 4 9 . 3 2 ) W A T E R U S A G E E V E R G R E E N C E M E T E R Y - - - 1 0 1 . 6 4 - ( 1 0 1 . 6 4 ) W A T E R U S A G E S E N I O R C E N T E R - - - 4 5 5 . 2 8 - ( 4 5 5 . 2 8 ) W A T E R U S A G E L I B R A R Y - - - 8 9 . 7 0 - ( 8 9 . 7 0 ) W A T E R U S A G E W E S T M A I N S T - - - 6 9 . 2 4 - ( 6 9 . 2 4 ) W A T E R U S A G E H A Y D E N R O W E - - - 7 6 . 3 2 - ( 7 6 . 3 2 ) R& M V E H I C L E S A N D E Q U I P M E N T 3 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 4 , 2 2 4 . 6 6 1 0 8 . 9 5 ( 8 3 3 . 6 1 ) R& M M I S C D E P T E Q U I P M E N T 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 . 0 0 3 5 , 1 6 5 . 5 2 7 , 4 6 7 . 8 6 ( 4 2 , 1 3 3 . 3 8 ) R& M B U I L D I N G S 1 0 8 , 6 8 0 . 0 0 2 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 3 2 , 6 8 0 . 0 0 1 3 , 7 2 0 . 3 6 6 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 2 , 3 5 9 . 6 4 R& M B L D G S T O W N H A L L - - - 1 2 , 0 8 6 . 8 0 4 2 3 . 3 0 ( 1 2 , 5 1 0 . 1 0 ) R& M B L D G S P O L I C E D E P T - - - 4 , 5 0 4 . 3 2 - ( 4 , 5 0 4 . 3 2 ) R& M B L D G S H I G H W A Y D E P T - - - 5 0 0 . 2 4 6 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ( 6 , 5 0 0 . 2 4 ) R& M B L D G S S E N I O R C E N T E R - - - 1 0 , 3 5 5 . 9 6 - ( 1 0 , 3 5 5 . 9 6 ) R& M B L D G S L I B R A R Y - - - 1 , 2 4 6 . 8 3 - ( 1 , 2 4 6 . 8 3 ) R& M G R O U N D S - 2 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 6 , 8 4 9 . 5 2 - 1 5 , 1 5 0 . 4 8 R& M B L D G S G R O U N D S E M E R G E N C Y 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 8 3 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 2 2 3 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 2 1 7 , 9 0 3 . 6 2 - 5 , 5 9 6 . 3 8 R& M B & G E M E R G T O W N H A L L - - - 1 7 , 5 8 9 . 7 7 - ( 1 7 , 5 8 9 . 7 7 ) R& M B & G E M E R G P O L I C E D E P T - - - 3 , 2 8 5 . 9 0 - ( 3 , 2 8 5 . 9 0 ) R& M B & G E M E R G H I G H W A Y D E P T - - - 2 , 2 7 3 . 4 3 - ( 2 , 2 7 3 . 4 3 ) 91 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 R& M B & G E M E R G S E N I O R C E N T E R - - - 1 4 , 3 8 8 . 9 0 - ( 1 4 , 3 8 8 . 9 0 ) R& L B U I L D I N G S 1 6 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 6 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 6 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - R& L B U I L D I N G S 2 6 , 4 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 6 , 4 0 0 . 0 0 2 3 , 9 0 4 . 5 1 - 2 , 4 9 5 . 4 9 CO N T S V C S F A C I L I T I E S 5 0 , 9 2 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 , 9 2 0 . 0 0 8 , 7 8 5 . 1 9 5 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 ( 9 , 3 6 5 . 1 9 ) CO N T S V C S F A C T O W N H A L L - - - 2 , 5 6 4 . 0 0 9 , 8 9 2 . 0 0 ( 1 2 , 4 5 6 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S F A C S E N I O R C E N T E R - - - 1 , 5 0 5 . 0 0 - ( 1 , 5 0 5 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S A L A R M M O N I T O R I N G 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - 5 0 0 . 0 0 CO N T S V C S A L A R M M O N I T O R I N G - - - 3 , 6 1 7 . 7 5 - ( 3 , 6 1 7 . 7 5 ) CO N T S V C S A L A R M M O N I T O R I N G - - - 6 4 0 . 5 0 - ( 6 4 0 . 5 0 ) CO N T S V C S A L A R M M O N I T O R I N G - - - 1 , 1 8 2 . 5 0 - ( 1 , 1 8 2 . 5 0 ) CO N T S V C S A L A R M M O N I T O R I N G - - - 7 3 0 . 0 0 - ( 7 3 0 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S C U S T O D I A L 2 3 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 3 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - 2 3 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 CO N T S V C S C U S T O D I A L - - - 1 , 1 7 0 . 8 0 - ( 1 , 1 7 0 . 8 0 ) CO N T S V C S C U S T O D I A L - - - 1 1 , 1 7 8 . 8 8 - ( 1 1 , 1 7 8 . 8 8 ) CO N T S V C S C U S T O D I A L - - - 8 , 4 0 5 . 0 0 - ( 8 , 4 0 5 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S C U S T O D I A L - - - 1 7 , 8 6 9 . 4 2 - ( 1 7 , 8 6 9 . 4 2 ) CO N T S V C S D U C T C L E A N I N G - - - 7 2 0 . 0 0 - ( 7 2 0 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S E L E V A T O R - - - 3 , 3 8 5 . 0 0 - ( 3 , 3 8 5 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S E L E V A T O R - - - 9 9 6 . 0 0 - ( 9 9 6 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S E L E V A T O R - - - 1 , 4 0 7 . 2 5 - ( 1 , 4 0 7 . 2 5 ) CO N T S V C S F I R E / S P R I N K L E R - - - 2 5 6 . 0 0 - ( 2 5 6 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S F I R E / S P R I N K L E R - - - 1 , 3 0 2 . 6 6 - ( 1 , 3 0 2 . 6 6 ) CO N T S V C S G E N E R A T O R - - - 1 4 0 . 0 0 - ( 1 4 0 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S G E N E R A T O R - - - 5 0 0 . 0 0 - ( 5 0 0 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S G E N E R A T O R - - - 1 , 4 5 9 . 3 5 - ( 1 , 4 5 9 . 3 5 ) CO N T S V C S G E N E R A T O R - - - 2 , 9 4 3 . 5 8 - ( 2 , 9 4 3 . 5 8 ) CO N T S V C S L A N D S C A P I N G 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 CO N T S V C S L A N D S C A P I N G - - - 1 , 5 1 5 . 0 0 - ( 1 , 5 1 5 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S L A N D S C A P I N G - - - 4 , 1 6 9 . 6 0 - ( 4 , 1 6 9 . 6 0 ) CO N T S V C S L A N D S C A P I N G - - - 3 3 0 . 0 0 - ( 3 3 0 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S L A N D S C A P I N G - - - 4 , 9 4 4 . 9 5 - ( 4 , 9 4 4 . 9 5 ) CO N T S V C S L A N D S C A P I N G - - - 2 , 1 9 7 . 5 0 - ( 2 , 1 9 7 . 5 0 ) CO N T S V C S C O N S T R U C T I O N - - - 6 2 1 . 0 0 - ( 6 2 1 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S C O N S T R U C T I O N - - - 1 , 1 4 5 . 6 0 - ( 1 , 1 4 5 . 6 0 ) CO N T S V C S E L E C T R I C A L - - - 2 7 5 . 0 0 - ( 2 7 5 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S E L E C T R I C A L - - - 1 5 5 . 0 0 - ( 1 5 5 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S E L E C T R I C A L - - - 1 , 0 6 0 . 0 0 - ( 1 , 0 6 0 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S H V A C - - - 2 , 9 1 5 . 5 0 - ( 2 , 9 1 5 . 5 0 ) 92 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 CO N T S V C S H V A C - - - 4 6 5 . 0 0 - ( 4 6 5 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S H V A C - - - 7 , 5 2 2 . 4 4 - ( 7 , 5 2 2 . 4 4 ) CO N T S V C S P L U M B I N G - - - 5 , 0 2 8 . 3 0 - ( 5 , 0 2 8 . 3 0 ) CO N T S V C S P L U M B I N G - - - 5 1 0 . 0 0 - ( 5 1 0 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S P L U M B I N G - - - 3 , 1 3 5 . 0 0 - ( 3 , 1 3 5 . 0 0 ) CO N T S V C S P L U M B I N G - - - 2 , 1 8 3 . 8 9 - ( 2 , 1 8 3 . 8 9 ) AR C H I T E C T U R A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 2 , 4 2 3 . 0 7 - 2 7 , 5 7 6 . 9 3 AR C H I T E C T U R A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G - - - 2 5 , 4 6 5 . 0 0 2 5 4 . 5 7 ( 2 5 , 7 1 9 . 5 7 ) AR C H I T E C T U R A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G - - - 6 , 3 9 6 . 6 0 - ( 6 , 3 9 6 . 6 0 ) AR C H I T E C T U R A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G - - - 1 , 5 7 8 . 5 0 - ( 1 , 5 7 8 . 5 0 ) AR C H I T E C T U R A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G - - - 1 0 2 . 5 0 - ( 1 0 2 . 5 0 ) GA S O L I N E 8 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 8 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 2 , 3 4 6 . 6 1 - 6 , 1 5 3 . 3 9 M I S C O F F I C E S U P P L I E S 1 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 5 0 7 . 1 9 - ( 3 0 7 . 1 9 ) BU I L D I N G R & M S U P P L I E S 1 0 , 9 9 5 . 0 0 - 1 0 , 9 9 5 . 0 0 1 2 7 . 2 6 2 , 6 4 6 . 7 1 8 , 2 2 1 . 0 3 BL D G R & M S U P P T O W N H A L L - - - 3 , 1 5 8 . 4 5 5 5 . 2 9 ( 3 , 2 1 3 . 7 4 ) BL D G R & M S U P P P O L I C E D P E T - - - 2 7 6 . 9 9 - ( 2 7 6 . 9 9 ) BL D G R & M S U P P H W Y D E P T - - - 1 , 1 2 6 . 7 6 - ( 1 , 1 2 6 . 7 6 ) BL D G R & M S U P P S E N I O R C T R - - - 9 5 2 . 7 9 7 3 . 5 3 ( 1 , 0 2 6 . 3 2 ) BL D G R & M S U P P L I B R A R Y - - - 5 8 0 . 4 2 - ( 5 8 0 . 4 2 ) M E E T I N G S 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - 5 0 0 . 0 0 CO N F E R E N C E S 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - 5 0 0 . 0 0 M I L E A G E 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 . 0 0 2 1 5 . 8 9 - 2 8 4 . 1 1 DU E S A N D M E M B E R S H I P S 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 0 8 1 . 1 0 - ( 5 8 1 . 1 0 ) PR I O R Y E A R E X P E N S E F A C I L I T I E S - 6 9 8 . 7 5 6 9 8 . 7 5 6 9 8 . 7 5 - - To t a l 4 1 0 E N G I N E E R I N G A N D F A C I L I T I E s 9 5 8 , 4 9 9 . 2 5 2 3 0 , 1 9 8 . 7 5 1 , 1 8 8 , 6 9 8 . 0 0 1 , 0 8 2 , 1 7 0 . 6 2 8 5 , 0 2 2 . 2 1 2 1 , 5 0 5 . 1 7 SA L A R I E S F U L L T I M E 3 9 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 4 , 2 2 3 . 3 1 4 1 9 , 2 2 3 . 3 1 4 1 8 , 9 9 9 . 9 0 - 2 2 3 . 4 1 To t a l 4 2 0 D E P A R T M E N T O F P U B L I C W O R K 3 9 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 4 , 2 2 3 . 3 1 4 1 9 , 2 2 3 . 3 1 4 1 8 , 9 9 9 . 9 0 - 2 2 3 . 4 1 W A G E S H O U R L Y 7 9 5 , 6 6 0 . 0 0 - 7 9 5 , 6 6 0 . 0 0 7 3 3 , 2 6 3 . 6 6 - 6 2 , 3 9 6 . 3 4 OV E R T I M E 2 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 6 , 5 8 9 . 2 0 - ( 9 , 5 8 9 . 2 0 ) R& M V E H I C L E S A N D E Q U I P M E N T 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 1 , 3 3 5 . 0 2 6 1 1 . 5 2 ( 1 1 , 9 4 6 . 5 4 ) R& M P A V E M E N T M G T P R O G R A M 3 5 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 5 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 5 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - R& M S T O R M W A T E R S Y S T E M 3 7 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ( 6 0 , 9 1 3 . 0 0 ) 3 0 9 , 0 8 7 . 0 0 2 0 , 2 8 5 . 3 4 9 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 9 8 , 8 0 1 . 6 6 R& M L I N E P A I N T I N G 2 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 6 , 9 6 1 . 8 9 - 1 , 0 3 8 . 1 1 AS P H A U L T P A V I N G 4 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 8 , 9 2 3 . 6 6 - ( 1 , 9 2 3 . 6 6 ) R& M C A T C H B A S I N S 6 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 6 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 4 , 8 7 5 . 0 5 - 1 , 6 2 4 . 9 5 R& M S I D E W A L K S 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 6 , 9 0 4 . 0 4 - ( 2 , 9 0 4 . 0 4 ) 93 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 SID E W A L K M A I N T E N A N C E 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - R& L D E P A R T M E N T A L E Q U I P M E N T 1 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 5 , 2 5 4 . 9 0 - ( 1 4 , 2 5 4 . 9 0 ) CO N T S V C S D A M R E P A I R 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 , 9 5 0 . 0 0 - 6 , 0 5 0 . 0 0 CO N T S V C S W E E D C O N T R O L 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 , 2 9 1 . 1 6 - 5 4 , 7 0 8 . 8 4 CO N T S V C S P O L I C E D E T A I L 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 3 , 0 3 7 . 6 3 - ( 8 , 0 3 7 . 6 3 ) AD V E R T I S I N G 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 3 8 5 . 6 8 - 1 , 1 1 4 . 3 2 AR C H I T E C T U R A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G 3 6 , 1 2 5 . 0 0 - 3 6 , 1 2 5 . 0 0 2 8 , 3 4 4 . 6 0 - 7 , 7 8 0 . 4 0 PO S T A G E 6 0 0 . 0 0 - 6 0 0 . 0 0 5 5 9 . 8 7 - 4 0 . 1 3 UN I F O R M S A N D S A F E T Y G E A R 1 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 4 , 6 7 3 . 1 7 6 8 1 . 9 9 ( 1 , 3 5 5 . 1 6 ) GA S O L I N E 1 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 3 , 4 5 0 . 9 6 - ( 2 , 4 5 0 . 9 6 ) DI E S E L F U E L 6 8 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 - 6 8 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 5 3 , 6 2 3 . 5 5 - 1 4 , 6 7 6 . 4 5 M I S C O F F I C E S U P P L I E S 3 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 7 , 2 3 7 . 7 8 - ( 4 , 0 3 7 . 7 8 ) EQ U I P M E N T R & M S U P P L I E S 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 , 1 3 6 . 0 8 - 5 , 8 6 3 . 9 2 M I S C G R O U N D S K E E P I N G S U P P L I E S 6 0 0 . 0 0 - 6 0 0 . 0 0 5 8 3 . 3 4 - 1 6 . 6 6 HI G H W A Y M A I N T E N A N C E S U P P L I E S 2 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 5 , 6 5 3 . 4 6 - ( 2 , 6 5 3 . 4 6 ) FIL L G R A V E L A N D L O A M 6 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 6 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 5 , 3 3 8 . 9 0 - 1 , 1 6 1 . 1 0 SIG N S 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 8 , 1 1 7 . 7 1 - 8 8 2 . 2 9 PIP E S A N D P I P E S U P P L I E S 6 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 6 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 6 5 7 . 5 8 - 5 , 3 4 2 . 4 2 GU A R D R A I L S U P P L I E S 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 5 3 . 0 2 - 1 , 7 4 6 . 9 8 M I S C T R A V E L E X P E N S E S 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 9 1 9 . 7 3 - 8 0 . 2 7 DU E S A N D M E M B E R S H I P S 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 6 , 1 3 7 . 7 0 - ( 2 , 1 3 7 . 7 0 ) PR I O R Y E A R E X P E N S E H I G H W A Y - 4 0 0 . 0 0 4 0 0 . 0 0 4 0 0 . 0 0 - - To t a l 4 2 2 H I G H W A Y D E P A R T M E N T 2 , 0 9 5 , 9 8 5 . 0 0 ( 6 0 , 5 1 3 . 0 0 ) 2 , 0 3 5 , 4 7 2 . 0 0 1 , 6 4 2 , 1 4 4 . 6 8 9 1 , 2 9 3 . 5 1 3 0 2 , 0 3 3 . 8 1 OV E R T I M E 1 9 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 9 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 8 4 , 0 1 0 . 8 0 - 5 , 9 8 9 . 2 0 R& L D E P A R T M E N T A L E Q U I P M E N T 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 9 7 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 2 2 7 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 2 3 3 , 8 8 5 . 6 6 - ( 6 , 3 8 5 . 6 6 ) CO N T R A C T E D S V C S S N O W R E M O V A L 4 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 1 4 , 8 5 0 . 0 0 2 5 9 , 8 5 0 . 0 0 2 5 9 , 8 4 1 . 2 5 - 8 . 7 5 DI E S E L F U E L 1 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 3 3 , 9 0 0 . 0 0 4 6 , 4 0 0 . 0 0 4 6 , 3 5 9 . 3 5 - 4 0 . 6 5 M I S C V E H I C U L A R S U P P L I E S 7 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 4 1 , 9 5 0 . 0 0 4 9 , 4 5 0 . 0 0 4 9 , 4 4 1 . 2 2 - 8 . 7 8 SA L T S A N D & O T H E R C H E M I C A L S 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 1 1 , 8 0 0 . 0 0 3 7 1 , 8 0 0 . 0 0 3 9 9 , 4 9 2 . 5 7 - ( 2 7 , 6 9 2 . 5 7 ) M I S C P U B L I C W O R K S S U P P L I E S 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 4 , 9 1 3 . 0 0 1 9 , 9 1 3 . 0 0 2 3 , 3 8 3 . 1 9 - ( 3 , 4 7 0 . 1 9 ) To t a l 4 2 3 S N O W & I C E C O N T R O L 3 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 8 1 4 , 9 1 3 . 0 0 1 , 1 6 4 , 9 1 3 . 0 0 1 , 1 9 6 , 4 1 4 . 0 4 - ( 3 1 , 5 0 1 . 0 4 ) EL E C T R I C I T Y S T R E E T L I G H T S 4 8 , 7 9 6 . 0 0 - 4 8 , 7 9 6 . 0 0 2 8 , 2 4 6 . 6 2 - 2 0 , 5 4 9 . 3 8 To t a l 4 2 4 S T R E E T L I G H T S 4 8 , 7 9 6 . 0 0 - 4 8 , 7 9 6 . 0 0 2 8 , 2 4 6 . 6 2 - 2 0 , 5 4 9 . 3 8 TR A F F I C L I G H T S 2 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 1 , 3 8 1 . 8 2 - 6 1 8 . 1 8 To t a l 4 2 6 T R A F F I C C O N T R O L 2 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 1 , 3 8 1 . 8 2 - 6 1 8 . 1 8 94 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 SA L A R I E S P A R T T I M E 1 4 , 3 5 4 . 0 0 - 1 4 , 3 5 4 . 0 0 2 , 4 6 4 . 0 8 - 1 1 , 8 8 9 . 9 2 TR E E R E M O V A L 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 8 , 5 2 2 . 5 2 - ( 3 , 5 2 2 . 5 2 ) To t a l 4 2 7 T R E E W A R D E N 3 9 , 3 5 4 . 0 0 - 3 9 , 3 5 4 . 0 0 3 0 , 9 8 6 . 6 0 - 8 , 3 6 7 . 4 0 OV E R T I M E 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 8 , 3 1 4 . 6 2 - ( 3 1 4 . 6 2 ) R& L D E P A R T M E N T A L E Q U I P M E N T 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 0 6 0 . 2 2 ( 6 0 . 2 2 ) M I S C P U B L I C W O R K S S U P P L I E S 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 6 2 5 . 1 6 - 3 7 4 . 8 4 To t a l 4 2 9 O T H E R S T O R M C O N T R O L 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - ( 0 . 0 0 ) W A G E S H O U R L Y 1 7 , 6 3 2 . 0 0 - 1 7 , 6 3 2 . 0 0 9 , 6 2 7 . 7 3 - 8 , 0 0 4 . 2 7 CO N T R A C T E D S V C S R U B B I S H C O L L E C 4 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 3 1 , 7 8 5 . 8 2 - 8 , 2 1 4 . 1 8 CO N T S V C S R U B B I S H D I S P O S A L 3 2 0 , 6 2 5 . 0 0 - 3 2 0 , 6 2 5 . 0 0 2 8 7 , 7 3 4 . 3 5 - 3 2 , 8 9 0 . 6 5 CO N T S V C S R E C Y C L A B L E S C O L L E C T I 2 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 0 4 , 9 1 0 . 9 6 - 5 , 0 8 9 . 0 4 CO N T S V C S H A Z A R D O U S W A S T E C O L L 1 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 2 , 9 7 6 . 0 0 - 1 , 0 2 4 . 0 0 M I S C O T H E R C H G S A N D E X P E N S E S 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 , 3 6 6 . 6 2 - 5 , 6 3 3 . 3 8 To t a l 4 3 3 W A S T E C O L L E C T I O N A N D D I S P 1 , 0 1 2 , 2 5 7 . 0 0 - 1 , 0 1 2 , 2 5 7 . 0 0 9 5 1 , 4 0 1 . 4 8 - 6 0 , 8 5 5 . 5 2 ST I P E N D S 2 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 0 0 . 0 0 - - 2 0 0 . 0 0 M I S C O T H E R C H G S A N D E X P E N S E S - - - - - - To t a l 4 9 1 C E M E T E R Y C O M M I S S I O N 2 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 0 0 . 0 0 - - 2 0 0 . 0 0 SA L A R I E S F U L L T I M E 1 3 4 , 3 8 8 . 8 0 - 1 3 4 , 3 8 8 . 8 0 7 4 , 4 2 7 . 0 0 - 5 9 , 9 6 1 . 8 0 W A G E S H O U R L Y A D D I T I O N A L 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 7 , 5 9 5 . 4 4 - ( 5 2 , 5 9 5 . 4 4 ) OT H E R L E G A L 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 . 0 0 9 5 7 . 1 0 - ( 4 5 7 . 1 0 ) M E D I C A L S E R V I C E S 1 1 , 5 8 8 . 2 0 - 1 1 , 5 8 8 . 2 0 9 , 5 0 7 . 5 0 - 2 , 0 8 0 . 7 0 M I S C O T H E R S U P P L I E S 6 0 0 . 0 0 - 6 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 0 2 6 . 3 2 - ( 4 2 6 . 3 2 ) CO N F E R E N C E S 3 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 1 6 5 . 0 0 - ( 8 6 5 . 0 0 ) M I L E A G E 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 8 9 8 . 9 4 - 1 0 1 . 0 6 DU E S A N D M E M B E R S H I P S 5 4 5 . 0 0 - 5 4 5 . 0 0 2 1 6 . 0 0 - 3 2 9 . 0 0 CO N T R A C T I N S P E C T I O N S 6 0 , 8 4 0 . 0 0 - 6 0 , 8 4 0 . 0 0 5 4 , 4 1 1 . 6 9 - 6 , 4 2 8 . 3 1 To t a l 5 1 1 B O A R D O F H E A L T H 2 1 4 , 7 6 2 . 0 0 - 2 1 4 , 7 6 2 . 0 0 2 0 0 , 2 0 4 . 9 9 - 1 4 , 5 5 7 . 0 1 SA L A R I E S F U L L T I M E 1 6 0 , 2 3 7 . 3 8 2 , 8 7 9 . 0 3 1 6 3 , 1 1 6 . 4 1 1 5 4 , 1 9 8 . 9 0 - 8 , 9 1 7 . 5 1 W A G E S H O U R L Y 1 1 7 , 4 4 7 . 0 4 2 , 9 6 4 . 4 7 1 2 0 , 4 1 1 . 5 1 1 3 1 , 9 7 6 . 2 8 - ( 1 1 , 5 6 4 . 7 7 ) PO S T A G E 9 , 4 4 0 . 0 0 - 9 , 4 4 0 . 0 0 1 0 , 1 8 0 . 1 4 - ( 7 4 0 . 1 4 ) PR O G R A M S 1 5 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 6 , 1 2 5 . 8 5 - 9 , 3 7 4 . 1 5 GA S O L I N E - - - 1 , 6 7 2 . 8 7 - ( 1 , 6 7 2 . 8 7 ) 95 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 M I S C O F F I C E S U P P L I E S 7 0 0 . 0 0 - 7 0 0 . 0 0 2 , 4 4 2 . 8 5 - ( 1 , 7 4 2 . 8 5 ) CO N F E R E N C E S 2 , 2 5 5 . 0 0 - 2 , 2 5 5 . 0 0 7 0 8 . 9 7 - 1 , 5 4 6 . 0 3 M I L E A G E 7 , 1 5 0 . 0 0 - 7 , 1 5 0 . 0 0 4 , 4 6 3 . 6 3 - 2 , 6 8 6 . 3 7 DU E S A N D M E M B E R S H I P S 4 9 4 . 2 8 - 4 9 4 . 2 8 5 3 3 . 6 9 - ( 3 9 . 4 1 ) CO U N C I L O N A G I N G E X P E N S E S 3 , 9 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 9 0 0 . 0 0 2 , 2 5 1 . 5 9 - 1 , 6 4 8 . 4 1 M I S C O T H E R C H G S A N D E X P E N S E S - - - 2 6 . 6 0 - ( 2 6 . 6 0 ) To t a l 5 4 1 S E N I O R C E N T E R 3 1 7 , 1 2 3 . 7 0 5 , 8 4 3 . 5 0 3 2 2 , 9 6 7 . 2 0 3 1 4 , 5 8 1 . 3 7 - 8 , 3 8 5 . 8 3 SA L A R I E S F U L L T I M E 6 9 , 0 3 5 . 4 0 1 2 , 6 2 9 . 3 2 8 1 , 6 6 4 . 7 2 8 7 , 1 6 4 . 7 3 - ( 5 , 5 0 0 . 0 1 ) W A G E S H O U R L Y 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 9 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 PR I N T I N G A N D B I N D I N G 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 5 1 . 5 3 - 8 4 8 . 4 7 M I S C O T H E R C O N T R A C T E D S V C S 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 5 , 6 5 0 . 0 0 - ( 6 5 0 . 0 0 ) CO M M U N I T Y E V E N T S / P R E S E N T A T I O N S - - - 1 , 4 5 0 . 6 9 - ( 1 , 4 5 0 . 6 9 ) M I S C O T H E R S U P P L I E S 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 M I L E A G E 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - 5 0 0 . 0 0 M I S C O T H E R C H G S A N D E X P E N S E S 2 0 , 0 5 0 . 0 0 - 2 0 , 0 5 0 . 0 0 1 2 , 0 1 1 . 6 9 - 8 , 0 3 8 . 3 1 To t a l 5 4 2 Y O U T H S E R V I C E S 1 4 2 , 5 8 5 . 4 0 1 2 , 6 2 9 . 3 2 1 5 5 , 2 1 4 . 7 2 1 4 5 , 9 2 8 . 6 4 - 9 , 2 8 6 . 0 8 M I S C O F F I C E S U P P L I E S 1 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 2 3 7 . 5 0 - 6 2 . 5 0 RE G V E T E R A N S S V C S A S S E S S M E N T 2 8 , 9 3 8 . 1 7 - 2 8 , 9 3 8 . 1 7 2 8 , 9 3 8 . 1 7 - - VE T E R A N S B E N E F I T S 4 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 6 , 5 1 4 . 3 1 - 2 2 , 4 8 5 . 6 9 To t a l 5 4 3 V E T E R A N S S E R V I C E S 7 9 , 2 3 8 . 1 7 - 7 9 , 2 3 8 . 1 7 5 6 , 6 8 9 . 9 8 - 2 2 , 5 4 8 . 1 9 SA L A R I E S F U L L T I M E 2 7 1 , 3 0 3 . 2 4 - 2 7 1 , 3 0 3 . 2 4 2 1 8 , 1 6 7 . 9 4 - 5 3 , 1 3 5 . 3 0 W A G E S H O U R L Y 1 5 4 , 6 0 0 . 4 7 - 1 5 4 , 6 0 0 . 4 7 2 0 3 , 3 4 5 . 3 2 - ( 4 8 , 7 4 4 . 8 5 ) M I S C O F F I C E S U P P L I E S 5 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 5 , 1 4 6 . 4 8 3 1 3 . 1 0 4 0 . 4 2 BO O K S A N D P U B L I C A T I O N S 3 0 , 8 7 7 . 5 0 - 3 0 , 8 7 7 . 5 0 3 0 , 8 1 8 . 5 9 - 5 8 . 9 1 CO N F E R E N C E S 6 0 0 . 0 0 - 6 0 0 . 0 0 5 0 5 . 0 0 - 9 5 . 0 0 M I L E A G E 1 5 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 0 . 0 0 4 4 . 0 5 - 1 0 5 . 9 5 DU E S A N D M E M B E R S H I P S 4 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 0 0 . 0 0 - - 4 0 0 . 0 0 To t a l 6 1 0 L I B R A R Y 4 6 3 , 4 3 1 . 2 1 - 4 6 3 , 4 3 1 . 2 1 4 5 8 , 0 2 7 . 3 8 3 1 3 . 1 0 5 , 0 9 0 . 7 3 M I S C O T H E R C H G S A N D E X P E N S E S 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 2 8 4 . 9 6 6 1 5 . 0 4 To t a l 6 9 1 H I S T O R I C C O M M I S S I O N 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 2 8 4 . 9 6 6 1 5 . 0 4 M I S C O T H E R C H G S A N D E X P E N S E S 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 5 1 7 . 4 1 - 4 8 2 . 5 9 To t a l 6 9 2 C E L E B R A T I O N S 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 5 1 7 . 4 1 - 4 8 2 . 5 9 96 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 M I S C O T H E R C H G S A N D E X P E N S E S 5 5 0 . 0 0 - 5 5 0 . 0 0 - - 5 5 0 . 0 0 To t a l 6 9 5 H I S T O R I C D I S T R I C T C O M M I S S 5 5 0 . 0 0 - 5 5 0 . 0 0 - - 5 5 0 . 0 0 SC H O O L B U I L D I N G P R O J 0 1 1 5 S P P 3 7 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 7 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 7 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - PR I N C I P A L P A Y M E N T L T D 1 5 1 4 2 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - DP W F A C I L I T Y 1 5 1 5 P P 3 5 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 5 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 5 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - BA N P A Y D O W N - F I N A N C I A L S Y S T E M - 3 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - SID E W A L K C O N S T / R E H A B 1 6 1 4 P P 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - FIR E T R U C K R E P L 1 6 1 5 P P 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - DP W D U M P T R U C K 1 7 1 5 P P 7 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 7 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 7 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - M A I N F I R E S T A T R O O F 1 8 1 4 P P 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - AM B U L A N C E 1 9 1 4 P P 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - PR I N C I P A L P A Y M E N T L T D 1 9 1 6 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - VA C T O R T R U C K G F 2 0 1 4 P P 4 6 , 6 6 6 . 6 7 - 4 6 , 6 6 6 . 6 7 4 6 , 6 6 6 . 6 7 - - TO W N H A L L B A S E M E N T 2 2 1 2 P P 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - JO I N T I N F O R M A T I O N T E C H 2 3 1 5 P P 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - SC H O O L S A F E T Y / S E C 2 4 1 5 P P 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - JO I N T S A F E T Y / S E C 2 5 1 5 P P 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - M I D D S C H F I R E A L A R M U P G R D 2 6 1 5 4 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - HS & H O P K I N S R O O F R E P 2 7 1 5 P P 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - RE S U R F A C E B B A L L C O U R T S 2 8 1 5 P P 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - PR O P A C Q 1 3 5 H A Y D E N R W 4 3 1 5 P P 9 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 9 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 9 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - PR O P A C Q 1 4 7 H A Y D E N R W 4 4 1 5 P P 8 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 8 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 8 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - PR O P A C Q 1 5 C L A F L I N 4 7 1 5 P P 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - PR O P A C Q 1 0 2 F R U I T S T 4 8 1 5 P P 1 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - FR U I T S T L D G F R E F 0 3 0 1 1 3 P P 1 6 7 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 6 7 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 1 6 7 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 - - PO L S T C O N S T 2 5 0 0 5 0 2 0 7 0 1 0 4 P P 2 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - PO L S T C O N S T 1 5 0 0 5 0 2 0 7 0 1 0 4 P P 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - PO L S T D R A I N 2 3 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X P P 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - PD V E H I C L E S 2 4 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X P P 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - FIR E S T R E N 6 2 0 5 0 6 0 8 0 1 0 6 P P 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - FD E N G 1 R E F B 3 1 0 5 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 3 P P 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - CL 1 A M B U L A N C E 3 3 0 5 1 1 0 3 0 1 1 3 P P 4 6 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 6 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 6 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - FIR E T E N D E R T R 3 4 0 5 1 1 2 7 0 5 1 2 7 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 7 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 7 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - M S R E P A I R 2 4 0 5 0 6 P P 1 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - EL M M O D U L A R S 2 5 0 5 0 4 0 8 0 1 0 6 P P 1 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - CT R R O O F 2 3 0 5 0 4 0 8 0 1 0 6 P P 2 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - CT R H E A T I N G 4 1 0 5 0 7 0 7 1 5 0 8 P P 1 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 97 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 M S W A L L 1 4 2 0 5 0 7 0 7 1 5 0 8 P P 2 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - M S W A L L 2 4 2 0 5 0 7 0 7 1 5 0 8 P P 5 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - HO P R E F U N D 2 7 0 5 9 6 0 3 0 1 0 9 P P 9 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 9 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 9 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - M S R E P A I R 4 2 0 5 0 7 0 7 1 5 1 0 P P 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - HS T R A C K R E P 2 4 0 5 1 2 0 3 0 1 1 3 P P 5 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - HS B L E A C H E R S 4 4 0 5 0 7 0 7 1 5 1 0 P P 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - LO O P R O A D 2 8 0 5 1 0 0 7 1 5 1 0 P P 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - HS C O N S T R E F 5 9 0 5 9 8 1 7 1 5 1 1 P P 1 , 6 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 6 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 6 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - W I R A L A R M U P G 3 6 0 5 1 2 0 3 0 1 1 3 P P 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - CT R R E P L S T U D Y 1 7 0 5 1 3 P P 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - M S C O T E L S Y S U P 1 8 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X P P 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - HO P G E N E R A T O R 1 9 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X P P 4 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - HS L O O P R D E N T 2 1 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X P P 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - SC H T R A C T O R M O W E R 2 2 0 5 1 3 P P 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - EL M W O O D R O O F 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - AD A 0 8 0 6 0 7 0 1 1 5 0 9 P P 1 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - AD A 5 0 0 5 0 8 0 1 1 5 0 9 P P 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - AD A R E P A I R S 2 5 0 5 1 3 0 3 0 1 1 3 P P 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - AD A I M P T S 2 5 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X P P 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - T H A L L R O O F 3 9 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X P P 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - TR A F S I G N S S T 3 6 0 5 1 2 0 3 0 1 1 3 P P 5 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - DR A I N A G E H A Y W A R D S T 2 1 0 5 1 2 P P 3 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - CU L V E R T W M A I N 0 8 0 5 1 1 0 3 0 1 1 3 P P 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - DR A I N L A K E S H 2 6 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X P P 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - ST B S L P N M I L L 3 4 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X P P 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - DP W G A R F S T 3 6 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X P P 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - DP W D U M P T R K 2 9 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X P P 3 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - DP W T R L E S S T R 3 0 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X P P 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - TIT L E V 0 9 2 8 0 1 P P 9 , 8 2 0 . 0 0 - 9 , 8 2 0 . 0 0 9 , 8 2 0 . 0 0 - - TIT L E V 0 7 0 1 0 4 P P 9 , 2 4 3 . 0 0 - 9 , 2 4 3 . 0 0 9 , 2 4 3 . 0 0 - - TIT L E V 1 1 1 6 0 5 P P 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - TIT L E V 1 2 1 4 0 6 P P 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - TIT L E V 1 1 2 2 1 0 P P 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - TIT L E V 0 7 0 8 1 0 P P 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - SE N C T R C O N S T 1 7 0 5 0 5 0 8 0 1 0 6 P P 8 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 8 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 8 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - SE N I O R C T R 2 9 0 5 0 2 0 7 0 1 0 4 P P 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - SE N C W T M A I N 1 0 0 5 0 6 0 8 0 1 0 6 P P 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - SE N C T R C O N S T 2 9 0 5 0 2 0 8 0 1 0 6 P P 1 1 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 1 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 98 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 SE N I O R C E N T E R V A N 1 6 0 5 1 1 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - To t a l 7 1 1 D E B T S E R V I C E P R I N C I P A L 5 , 7 2 6 , 9 2 9 . 6 7 3 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 6 , 0 2 6 , 9 2 9 . 6 7 6 , 0 2 6 , 9 2 9 . 6 7 - - SC H O O L B U I L D I N G P R O J 0 1 1 5 S I P 4 0 9 , 0 3 0 . 4 9 - 4 0 9 , 0 3 0 . 4 9 4 0 9 , 0 3 0 . 4 9 - - IN T E R E S T P A Y M E N T L T D 1 5 1 4 2 6 7 , 5 2 0 . 9 1 - 2 6 7 , 5 2 0 . 9 1 2 6 7 , 5 2 0 . 9 1 - - DP W F A C I L I T Y 1 5 1 5 I P 4 2 0 , 1 9 1 . 6 7 - 4 2 0 , 1 9 1 . 6 7 4 2 0 , 1 9 1 . 6 7 - - SID E W A L K C O N S T / R E H A B 1 6 1 4 I P 5 1 , 8 1 2 . 5 0 - 5 1 , 8 1 2 . 5 0 5 1 , 8 1 2 . 5 2 - ( 0 . 0 2 ) FIR E T R U C K R E P L 1 6 1 5 I P 3 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - DP W D U M P T R U C K 1 7 1 5 I P 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - M A I N F I R E S T A T R O O F 1 8 1 4 I P 1 2 , 9 2 5 . 0 0 - 1 2 , 9 2 5 . 0 0 1 2 , 9 2 5 . 0 0 - - AM B U L A N C E 1 9 1 4 I P 1 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - IN T E R E S T P A Y M E N T L T D 1 9 1 6 8 , 1 2 8 . 8 9 - 8 , 1 2 8 . 8 9 8 , 1 2 8 . 8 9 - - VA C T O R T R U C K G F I P 5 , 3 3 3 . 3 3 - 5 , 3 3 3 . 3 3 5 , 3 3 3 . 3 4 - ( 0 . 0 1 ) TO W N H A L L B A S E M E N T 2 2 1 2 I P 3 , 8 5 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 8 5 0 . 0 0 3 , 8 5 0 . 0 0 - - JO I N T I N F O R M A T I O N T E C H 2 3 1 5 I P 8 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 8 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 8 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - SC H O O L S A F E T Y / S E C 2 4 1 5 I P 8 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 8 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 8 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - JO I N T S A F E T Y / S E C 2 5 1 5 I P 4 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 4 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - M I D D L E S C H O O L F I R E A L A R M U P G R A 7 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 7 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 7 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - HS & H O P K I N S R O O F R E P 2 7 1 5 I P 3 5 , 7 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 5 , 7 0 0 . 0 0 3 5 , 7 0 0 . 0 0 - - RE S U R F A C E B B A L L C O U R T S 2 8 1 5 I P 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - PR O P A C Q 1 3 5 H A Y D E N R W 4 3 1 5 I P 5 7 , 5 3 1 . 2 5 - 5 7 , 5 3 1 . 2 5 5 7 , 5 3 1 . 2 5 - - PR O P A C Q 1 4 7 H A Y D E N R W 4 4 1 5 I P 4 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - PR O P A C Q 1 5 C L A F L I N 4 7 1 5 I P 8 , 3 0 6 . 2 5 - 8 , 3 0 6 . 2 5 8 , 3 0 6 . 2 5 - - PR O P A C Q 1 0 2 F R U I T S T 4 8 1 5 I P 8 0 , 3 8 7 . 5 0 - 8 0 , 3 8 7 . 5 0 8 0 , 3 8 7 . 5 0 - - FR U I T S T L D G F R E F 0 3 0 1 1 3 I P 2 1 , 3 1 8 . 0 0 - 2 1 , 3 1 8 . 0 0 2 1 , 3 1 8 . 0 0 - - PO L S T C O N S T 2 5 0 0 5 0 2 0 7 0 1 0 4 I P 2 8 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 8 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 2 8 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 - - PO L S T C O N S T 1 5 0 0 5 0 2 0 7 0 1 0 4 I P 3 , 8 5 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 8 5 0 . 0 0 3 , 8 5 0 . 0 0 - - PO L S T D R A I N 2 3 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X I P 2 , 2 5 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 2 5 0 . 0 0 2 , 2 5 0 . 0 0 - - PD V E H I C L E S 2 4 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X I P 7 5 0 . 0 0 - 7 5 0 . 0 0 7 5 0 . 0 0 - - FIR E S T R E N 6 2 0 5 0 6 0 8 0 1 0 6 I P 8 , 6 9 5 . 5 6 - 8 , 6 9 5 . 5 6 8 , 6 9 5 . 5 6 - - FD E N G 1 R E F B 3 1 0 5 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 3 I P 2 7 0 . 0 0 - 2 7 0 . 0 0 2 7 0 . 0 0 - - CL 1 A M B U L A N C E 3 3 0 5 1 1 0 3 0 1 1 3 I P 1 , 3 8 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 3 8 0 . 0 0 1 , 3 8 0 . 0 0 - - FIR E T E N D E R T R 3 4 0 5 1 1 2 7 0 5 1 2 3 , 6 5 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 6 5 0 . 0 0 3 , 6 5 0 . 0 0 - - M S R E P A I R 2 4 0 5 0 6 I P 4 , 4 1 6 . 2 2 - 4 , 4 1 6 . 2 2 4 , 4 1 6 . 2 2 - - EL M M O D U L A R S 2 5 0 5 0 4 0 8 0 1 0 6 I P 5 , 0 3 3 . 4 4 - 5 , 0 3 3 . 4 4 5 , 0 3 3 . 4 4 - - CT R R O O F 2 3 0 5 0 4 0 8 0 1 0 6 I P 1 0 , 1 1 0 . 5 6 - 1 0 , 1 1 0 . 5 6 1 0 , 1 1 0 . 5 6 - - CT R H E A T I N G 4 1 0 5 0 7 0 7 1 5 0 8 I P 7 , 8 7 7 . 5 6 - 7 , 8 7 7 . 5 6 7 , 8 7 7 . 5 6 - - M S W A L L 1 4 2 0 5 0 7 0 7 1 5 0 8 I P 1 4 , 2 0 6 . 6 7 - 1 4 , 2 0 6 . 6 7 1 4 , 2 0 6 . 6 7 - - 99 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 M S W A L L 2 4 2 0 5 0 7 0 7 1 5 0 8 I P 2 6 , 4 7 3 . 1 1 - 2 6 , 4 7 3 . 1 1 2 6 , 4 7 3 . 1 1 - - HO P R E F U N D 2 7 0 5 9 6 0 3 0 1 0 9 I P 4 , 4 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 , 4 0 0 . 0 0 4 , 4 0 0 . 0 0 - - M S R E P A I R 4 2 0 5 0 7 0 7 1 5 1 0 I P 1 , 7 7 5 . 0 0 - 1 , 7 7 5 . 0 0 1 , 7 7 5 . 0 0 - - HS T R A C K R E P 2 4 0 5 1 2 0 3 0 1 1 3 I P 1 , 6 5 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 6 5 0 . 0 0 1 , 6 5 0 . 0 0 - - HS B L E A C H E R S 4 4 0 5 0 7 0 7 1 5 1 0 I P 1 , 6 5 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 6 5 0 . 0 0 1 , 6 5 0 . 0 0 - - LO O P R O A D 2 8 0 5 1 0 0 7 1 5 1 0 I P 1 , 6 5 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 6 5 0 . 0 0 1 , 6 5 0 . 0 0 - - HS C O N S T R E F 5 9 0 5 9 8 1 7 1 5 1 1 I P 1 6 3 , 8 8 7 . 5 0 - 1 6 3 , 8 8 7 . 5 0 1 6 3 , 8 8 7 . 5 0 - - W I R A L A R M U P G 3 6 0 5 1 2 0 3 0 1 1 3 I P 5 1 0 . 0 0 - 5 1 0 . 0 0 5 1 0 . 0 0 - - CT R R E P L S T U D Y 1 7 0 5 1 3 I P 1 9 , 5 1 2 . 5 0 - 1 9 , 5 1 2 . 5 0 1 9 , 5 1 2 . 5 0 - - M S C O T E S Y S U P 1 8 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X I P 3 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - HO P G E N E R A T O R 1 9 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X I P 2 , 0 5 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 0 5 0 . 0 0 2 , 0 5 0 . 0 0 - - HS L O O P R D E N T 2 1 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X I P 3 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 - - SC H T R A C T O R M O W E R 2 2 0 5 1 3 I P 2 , 7 5 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 7 5 0 . 0 0 2 , 7 5 0 . 0 0 - - EL M W O O D R O O F 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 4 , 7 3 7 . 5 0 - 1 4 , 7 3 7 . 5 0 1 4 , 7 3 7 . 5 0 - - AD A 0 8 0 6 0 7 0 1 1 5 0 9 I P 6 , 5 1 3 . 5 6 - 6 , 5 1 3 . 5 6 6 , 5 1 3 . 5 6 - - AD A 5 0 0 5 0 8 0 1 1 5 0 9 I P 3 , 1 1 9 . 5 6 - 3 , 1 1 9 . 5 6 3 , 1 1 9 . 5 6 - - AD A R E P A I R S 2 5 0 5 1 3 0 3 0 1 1 3 I P 9 0 0 . 0 0 - 9 0 0 . 0 0 9 0 0 . 0 0 - - AD A I M P T S 2 5 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X I P 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - TH R O O F 3 9 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X I P 3 , 8 5 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 8 5 0 . 0 0 3 , 8 5 0 . 0 0 - - TR A F S I G N S S T 3 6 0 5 1 2 0 3 0 1 1 3 I P 7 , 6 2 0 . 0 0 - 7 , 6 2 0 . 0 0 7 , 6 2 0 . 0 0 - - DR A I N A G E H A Y W A R D S T 2 1 0 5 1 2 I P 1 , 0 2 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 0 2 0 . 0 0 1 , 0 2 0 . 0 0 - - CU L V E R T W M A I N 0 8 0 5 1 1 0 3 0 1 1 3 I P 9 0 0 . 0 0 - 9 0 0 . 0 0 9 0 0 . 0 0 - - DR A I N L A K E S H 2 6 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X I P 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - ST A B S L N M I L L 3 4 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X I P 1 5 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 0 . 0 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 - - DP W G A R F S T 3 6 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X I P 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - DP W D U M P T R K 2 9 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X I P 1 , 9 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 9 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 9 0 0 . 0 0 - - DP W T R L E S S T R 3 0 0 5 1 3 X X X X X X I P 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - SE N C T R C O N S T 1 7 0 5 0 5 0 8 0 1 0 6 I P 3 3 , 3 7 2 . 8 9 - 3 3 , 3 7 2 . 8 9 3 3 , 3 7 2 . 8 9 - - SE N I O R C T R 2 9 0 5 0 2 0 7 0 1 0 4 I P 5 5 0 . 0 0 - 5 5 0 . 0 0 5 5 0 . 0 0 - - SE N C W T M A I N 1 0 0 5 0 6 0 8 0 1 0 6 I P 9 6 0 . 0 0 - 9 6 0 . 0 0 9 6 0 . 0 0 - - SE N C T R C O N S T 2 9 0 5 0 2 0 8 0 1 0 6 I P 4 8 , 0 3 3 . 3 3 - 4 8 , 0 3 3 . 3 3 4 8 , 0 3 3 . 3 3 - - SE N I O R C E N T E R V A N 1 6 0 5 1 1 1 5 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 0 . 0 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 - - To t a l 7 5 1 D E B T S E R V I C E I N T E R E S T 1 , 9 7 6 , 5 1 0 . 7 5 - 1 , 9 7 6 , 5 1 0 . 7 5 1 , 9 7 6 , 5 1 0 . 7 8 - ( 0 . 0 3 ) IN T E R E S T P A Y M E N T S T D 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ( 1 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ) 2 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 2 4 6 . 5 3 - 2 0 , 7 5 3 . 4 7 To t a l 7 5 2 S H O R T - T E R M D E B T I N T E R E S T 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ( 1 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ) 2 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 2 4 6 . 5 3 - 2 0 , 7 5 3 . 4 7 M O S Q U I T O C O N T R O L P R O J E C T S - 8 4 , 3 5 6 . 0 0 8 4 , 3 5 6 . 0 0 8 4 , 3 5 6 . 0 0 - - 100 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - G E N E R A L F U N D JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 AI R P O L L U T I O N C O N T R O L D I S T R I C T - 6 , 3 0 5 . 0 0 6 , 3 0 5 . 0 0 6 , 3 0 5 . 0 0 - - M E T R O P O L I T A N A R E A P L A N N I N G C O U - 8 , 3 7 9 . 0 0 8 , 3 7 9 . 0 0 8 , 3 7 9 . 0 0 - - RM V N O N R E N E W A L S U R C H A R G E - 7 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 7 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 7 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 - - M B T A - 6 6 , 6 5 1 . 0 0 6 6 , 6 5 1 . 0 0 6 6 , 6 5 1 . 0 0 - - RE G I O N A L T R A N S I T A U T H O R I T Y - 4 0 , 8 6 6 . 0 0 4 0 , 8 6 6 . 0 0 4 0 , 8 6 6 . 0 0 - - SC H O O L C H O I C E S E N D I N G T U I T I O N - 7 8 , 5 0 3 . 0 0 7 8 , 5 0 3 . 0 0 1 0 6 , 1 4 9 . 0 0 - ( 2 7 , 6 4 6 . 0 0 ) CH A R T E R S C H O O L S E N D I N G T U I T I O N - 1 0 9 , 9 2 6 . 0 0 1 0 9 , 9 2 6 . 0 0 1 7 8 , 0 3 7 . 0 0 - ( 6 8 , 1 1 1 . 0 0 ) To t a l 8 2 0 S T A T E A N D F E D E R A L A S S E S S M E N T S - 4 0 2 , 5 8 6 . 0 0 4 0 2 , 5 8 6 . 0 0 4 9 8 , 3 4 3 . 0 0 - ( 9 5 , 7 5 7 . 0 0 ) S M I D D L E S E X R E G T E C H H S A S S E S S 4 8 4 , 8 3 8 . 0 0 - 4 8 4 , 8 3 8 . 0 0 4 8 4 , 8 3 8 . 0 0 - - To t a l 8 4 1 S O M I D D R E G T E C H S C H D I S T 4 8 4 , 8 3 8 . 0 0 - 4 8 4 , 8 3 8 . 0 0 4 8 4 , 8 3 8 . 0 0 - - HE A L T H I N S U R A N C E 7 , 0 3 0 , 4 2 4 . 0 0 ( 6 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ) 6 , 9 6 5 , 4 2 4 . 0 0 6 , 7 9 3 , 7 5 1 . 7 4 - 1 7 1 , 6 7 2 . 2 6 LIF E I N S U R A N C E 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 7 , 8 5 0 . 5 0 - 2 , 1 4 9 . 5 0 FIC A 6 2 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 6 2 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 7 1 8 , 2 4 8 . 8 7 - ( 9 8 , 2 4 8 . 8 7 ) UN E M P L O Y M E N T I N S U R A N C E 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 2 , 0 1 3 . 1 3 - 4 7 , 9 8 6 . 8 7 DR U G A N D A L C O H O L T E S T I N G 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 5 . 0 0 - 2 , 9 5 5 . 0 0 M I D D L E S E X R E T I R E M E N T A S S E S S M E N 1 , 9 8 4 , 6 3 5 . 0 0 - 1 , 9 8 4 , 6 3 5 . 0 0 1 , 9 8 4 , 6 3 5 . 0 0 - - To t a l 9 1 0 E M P L O Y E E B E N E F I T S 9 , 7 4 8 , 0 5 9 . 0 0 ( 6 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ) 9 , 6 8 3 , 0 5 9 . 0 0 9 , 5 5 6 , 5 4 4 . 2 4 - 1 2 6 , 5 1 4 . 7 6 BL A N K E T I N S U R A N C E P R E M I U M S 5 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 3 5 , 6 4 1 . 8 8 - 1 4 , 3 5 8 . 1 2 To t a l 9 4 5 L I A B I L I T Y I N S U R A N C E 5 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 3 5 , 6 4 1 . 8 8 - 1 4 , 3 5 8 . 1 2 101 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E W A G E S H O U R L Y 1 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 5 , 5 1 4 . 8 0 - 2 9 , 4 8 5 . 2 0 OV E R T I M E 5 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 8 , 8 7 0 . 2 4 - 6 , 1 2 9 . 7 6 EL E C T R I C I T Y 1 7 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 7 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 9 5 , 8 3 0 . 8 3 - 7 9 , 1 6 9 . 1 7 HE A T I N G O I L 7 0 0 . 0 0 - 7 0 0 . 0 0 8 9 1 . 1 8 - ( 1 9 1 . 1 8 ) W W F A C I L I T Y U S A G E C H A R G E S 4 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 0 3 , 0 8 5 . 2 4 - 4 6 , 9 1 4 . 7 6 R& M V E H I C L E S A N D E Q U I P M E N T - - - 1 , 3 4 2 . 5 4 ( 1 , 3 4 2 . 5 4 ) R& M A L A R M S Y S T E M S 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 6 3 . 4 0 - 4 , 4 3 6 . 6 0 R& L D E P A R T M E N T A L E Q U I P M E N T 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 CO N T S V C S F R U I T S T R E E T 6 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 6 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 9 9 , 1 5 5 . 6 5 - ( 1 3 4 , 1 5 5 . 6 5 ) TE L E P H O N E 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 3 , 8 8 9 . 7 3 - 3 , 1 1 0 . 2 7 PO S T A G E 2 5 0 . 0 0 - 2 5 0 . 0 0 4 , 6 9 8 . 7 8 - ( 4 , 4 4 8 . 7 8 ) M I S C O T H E R C O N T R A C T E D S V C S 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 3 , 2 2 0 . 5 5 - 1 6 , 7 7 9 . 4 5 M I S C O F F I C E S UP P L I E S 4 ,00 0 . 0 0 - 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 1 8 1 . 0 4 - 2 , 8 1 8 . 9 6 M I S C V E H I C U L A R SU P P L I E S 3 ,00 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 7 , 7 7 5 . 5 5 1 . 1 4 ( 1 4 , 7 7 6 . 6 9 ) TR E A T M E N T C H E M I C A L S 2 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 2 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 M I S C P U B L I C W O R K S SU P P L I E S 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 2 , 4 8 2 . 6 4 - ( 7 , 4 8 2 . 6 4 ) UN I F O R M S A N D O T H E R C L O T H I N G 7 0 0 . 0 0 - 7 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 6 2 5 . 5 8 - ( 2 , 9 2 5 . 5 8 ) M E E T I N G S 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 DU E S A N D M E M B E R S H I P S 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 6 0 2 . 0 0 - 3 9 8 . 0 0 PR I O R Y E A R E X P E N S E S E W E R - 4.0 0 4 . 0 0 4 . 0 0 - To t a l 4 4 0 S E W E R D E P A R T M E N T 1 , 0 4 0 , 6 5 0 . 0 0 4 . 0 0 1 , 0 4 0 , 6 5 4 . 0 0 9 8 3 , 7 3 3 . 7 5 1 . 1 4 5 6 , 9 1 9 . 1 1 VA C T O R T R U C K S E W E R 2 0 1 4 P P 4 6 , 6 6 6 . 6 7 - 4 6 , 6 6 6 . 6 7 4 6 , 6 6 6 . 6 7 - - CW M P 0 9 2 5 0 0 1 0 2 6 0 4 P P 2 4 , 0 2 7 . 7 6 - 2 4 , 0 2 7 . 7 6 2 4 , 0 2 7 . 7 6 - - S P H I V V 0 6 0 3 9 7 0 2 0 1 0 5 P P 3 2 1 , 2 9 4 . 8 3 - 3 2 1 , 2 9 4 . 8 3 3 2 1 , 2 9 4 . 8 3 - - S P H A S E I I I 4 3 0 4 8 8 0 7 1 5 0 5 P P 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - S P H A S E V I 3 0 0 5 9 6 0 8 0 1 0 6 P P 1 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - S I N F L O F I L 3 1 7 0 5 0 3 1 0 2 6 0 6 P P 8 , 5 8 1 . 3 1 - 8 , 5 8 1 . 3 1 8 , 5 8 1 . 3 1 - - S P H A S E V I 5 4 0 5 0 7 0 7 1 5 0 8 P P 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - S P H V I S R F 2 0 2 1 2 0 9 1 2 1 4 0 9 P P 1 5 1 , 3 5 5 . 3 6 - 1 5 1 , 3 5 5 . 3 6 1 5 1 , 3 5 5 . 3 6 - - S P H V I S R F 1 0 2 1 2 0 9 1 2 1 4 0 9 P P 2 3 8 , 4 2 9 . 0 0 - 2 3 8 , 4 2 9 . 0 0 2 3 8 , 4 2 9 . 0 0 - - S 1 P H V I 3 0 0 5 9 6 0 7 1 5 1 0 P P 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - S I N F L O F I L 2 1 7 0 5 0 8 0 3 1 5 1 1 P P 6 , 0 9 3 . 2 2 - 6 , 0 9 3 . 2 2 6 , 0 9 3 . 2 2 - - S P H V I M I L F 0 2 1 2 0 9 0 7 1 5 1 1 P P 1 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - S I N F L O F I L R E F 1 7 0 5 0 8 0 6 1 2 1 2 P P 6 , 3 9 8 . 2 9 - 6 , 3 9 8 . 2 9 6 , 3 9 8 . 2 9 - - S W O O D L I F T S T 2 8 0 5 1 2 0 3 0 1 1 3 P P 1 0 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 0 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - S P H V I R E F 3 0 0 5 9 6 0 3 0 1 1 3 P P 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - S M A I N F L A N D E R S R D 3 3 0 5 1 3 P P 4 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - EL M S T S E W E R 0 2 1 1 1 2 1 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - VA C T O R T R U C K S E W E R 2 0 1 4 I P 5 , 3 3 3 . 3 3 - 5 , 3 3 3 . 3 3 5 , 3 3 3 . 3 4 - ( 0 . 0 1 ) CW M P 0 9 2 5 0 0 1 0 2 6 0 4 I P 2 , 5 9 2 . 5 4 - 2 , 5 9 2 . 5 4 2 , 5 9 2 . 5 4 - - S P H I V V 0 6 0 3 9 7 0 2 0 1 0 5 I P 1 , 0 0 3 . 5 0 - 1 , 0 0 3 . 5 0 1 , 0 0 3 . 5 0 - - S P H A S E I I I 4 3 0 4 8 8 0 7 1 5 0 5 I P 2 0 , 3 7 5 . 0 0 - 2 0 , 3 7 5 . 0 0 2 0 , 3 7 5 . 0 0 - - S P H A S E V I 3 0 0 5 9 6 0 8 0 1 0 6 I P 6 , 8 9 1 . 2 2 - 6 , 8 9 1 . 2 2 6 , 8 9 1 . 2 2 - - S I N F L O F I L 3 1 7 0 5 0 3 1 0 2 6 0 6 I P 1 , 4 3 9 . 5 6 - 1 , 4 3 9 . 5 6 1 , 4 3 9 . 5 6 - - S P H A S E V I 5 4 0 5 0 7 0 7 1 5 0 8 I P 4 , 7 5 8 . 0 0 - 4 , 7 5 8 . 0 0 4 , 7 5 8 . 0 0 - - S P H V I S R F 2 0 2 1 2 0 9 1 2 1 4 0 9 I P 5 9 , 8 5 0 . 9 3 - 5 9 , 8 5 0 . 9 3 5 9 , 8 5 0 . 9 2 - 0 . 0 1 S P H V I S R F 1 0 2 1 2 0 9 1 2 1 4 0 9 I P 7 9 , 4 3 3 . 5 0 - 7 9 , 4 3 3 . 5 0 7 9 , 4 3 3 . 5 2 - ( 0 . 0 2 ) S 1 P H V I 3 0 0 5 9 6 0 7 1 5 1 0 I P 2 , 4 7 5 . 0 0 - 2 , 4 7 5 . 0 0 2 , 4 7 5 . 0 0 - - S I N F L O F I L 2 1 7 0 5 0 8 0 3 1 5 1 1 I P 1 , 0 5 9 . 6 6 - 1 , 0 5 9 . 6 6 1 , 0 5 9 . 6 6 - - TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - S E W E R , W A T E R A N D P A R K S & R E C R E A T I O N JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 102 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - S E W E R , W A T E R A N D P A R K S & R E C R E A T I O N JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 S P H V I M I L F 0 2 1 2 0 9 0 7 1 5 1 1 I P 2 2 , 4 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 2 , 4 0 0 . 0 0 2 2 , 4 0 0 . 0 0 - - S I N F L O F I L R E F 1 7 0 5 0 8 0 6 1 2 1 2 I P 2 , 1 2 2 . 6 8 - 2 , 1 2 2 . 6 8 2 , 1 2 2 . 6 9 - ( 0 . 0 1 ) S W O O D L F T S T 2 8 0 5 1 2 0 3 0 1 1 3 I P 3 2 , 6 2 5 . 0 0 - 3 2 , 6 2 5 . 0 0 3 2 , 6 2 5 . 0 0 - - S P H V I R E F 3 0 0 5 9 6 0 3 0 1 1 3 I P 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - S M A I N F L A N D E R S R D 3 3 0 5 1 3 I P 6 , 8 6 2 . 5 0 - 6 , 8 6 2 . 5 0 6 , 8 6 2 . 5 0 - - EL M S T S E W E R A 0 2 1 1 1 2 2 , 4 3 7 . 5 0 - 2 , 4 3 7 . 5 0 2 , 4 3 7 . 5 0 - - To t a l 6 0 0 0 S E W E R D E B T S E R V I C E 1 , 6 0 7 , 0 0 6 . 3 6 - 1 , 6 0 7 , 0 0 6 . 3 6 1 , 6 0 7 , 0 0 6 . 3 9 - ( 0 . 0 3 ) W A G E S H O U R L Y 3 0 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ( 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ) 2 4 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 4 3 , 9 5 5 . 1 8 - 3 , 0 4 4 . 8 2 OV E R T I M E 6 4 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 - 6 4 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 6 2 , 8 5 5 . 6 4 - 1 , 7 4 4 . 3 6 EL E C T R I C I T Y 1 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 4 1 , 2 4 0 . 0 6 - ( 1 , 2 4 0 . 0 6 ) HE A T I N G O I L 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 6 3 0 . 0 8 - 6 , 3 6 9 . 9 2 W A T E R U S A G E A S H L A N D 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 5 3 , 6 9 4 . 0 0 - 5 6 , 3 0 6 . 0 0 R& M V E H I C L E S A N D E Q U I P M E N T 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 1 , 3 7 6 . 7 4 4 3 6 . 6 9 ( 1 6 , 8 1 3 . 4 3 ) R& M S Y S T E M R E H A B 2 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 8 , 1 2 2 . 2 2 - 1 2 , 8 7 7 . 7 8 OT H E R L E G A L 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 8 6 7 . 7 8 - 1 , 6 3 2 . 2 2 AD V E R T I S I N G 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 4 . 4 8 9 7 5 . 5 2 AR C H I T E C T U R A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G 2 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 1 , 4 7 6 . 1 9 - 6 , 5 2 3 . 8 1 W A T E R T E S T I N G 1 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 2 , 6 3 9 . 3 4 - ( 1 , 6 3 9 . 3 4 ) TE L E P H O N E 1 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 , 7 5 4 . 9 9 2 2 2 . 8 9 1 , 0 2 2 . 1 2 PO S T A G E 3,5 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 9 1 6 . 2 0 - ( 4 1 6 . 2 0 ) M I S C O T H E R C O N T R A C T E D S V C S 5 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 , 2 9 5 . 8 5 4 7 0 . 0 0 ( 4 5 , 7 6 5 . 8 5 ) M I S C O F F I C E S UP P L I E S 3 ,00 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 9 0 5 . 2 4 - 1 , 0 9 4 . 7 6 BU I L D I N G R & M S U P P L I E S 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 1 . 0 6 - 2 , 9 6 8 . 9 4 M I S C V E H I C U L A R SU P P L I E S 7 ,00 0 . 0 0 - 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 7 , 8 0 6 . 6 1 3 5 2 . 9 1 ( 1 , 1 5 9 . 5 2 ) TR E A T M E N T C H E M I C A L S 4 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 2 , 4 7 9 . 8 6 - 1 2 , 5 2 0 . 1 4 W A T E R M E T E R S 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 2 , 7 6 5 . 0 2 - 7 , 2 3 4 . 9 8 M I S C P U B L I C W O R K S SU P P L I E S 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 6 2 , 7 9 7 . 9 2 4 1 . 9 9 ( 2 2 , 8 3 9 . 9 1 ) TE C H N O L O G Y S U P P L I E S - - - 4 9 5 . 0 0 - ( 4 9 5 . 0 0 ) TE C H N O L O G Y S O F T W A R E 1 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 2 , 9 6 1 . 5 3 - 1 , 0 3 8 . 4 7 UN I F O R M A N D O T H E R C L O T H I N G 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 , 0 0 9 . 7 4 - 9 9 0 . 2 6 DU E S A N D M E M B E R S H I P S 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 , 4 7 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 5 3 0 . 0 0 PR I O R Y E A R E X P E N S E W A T E R - 3 , 4 7 9 . 7 8 3 , 4 7 9 . 7 8 3 , 4 7 5 . 0 0 - 4 . 7 8 AS H L A N D P L A N T D E B T 7 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 7 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 7 1 , 9 1 4 . 0 1 - 8 5 . 9 9 To t a l 4 5 0 W A T E R D E P A R T M E N T 1 , 1 5 4 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 4 7 9 . 7 8 1 , 1 5 8 , 0 7 9 . 7 8 1 , 1 2 7 , 9 3 5 . 2 6 1 , 5 4 8 . 9 6 2 8 , 5 9 5 . 5 6 W A T E R U T I L I T Y V E H I C L E 1 8 1 5 P P 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - W A T E R M A I N R E P L 1 9 1 5 P P 2 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - VA C T O R T R U C K W A T E R 2 0 1 4 P P 4 6 , 6 6 6 . 6 7 - 4 6 , 6 6 6 . 6 7 4 6 , 6 6 6 . 6 7 - - FR U I T S T W A T E R F A C E N G 2 0 1 5 P P 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - PR I N C I P A L P A Y M E N T L T D 2 0 1 6 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - GR O V E S T W A T E R F A C E N G 2 1 1 5 P P 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - PR I N C I P A L P A Y M E N T L T D 2 1 1 6 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - PR I N C I P A L P A Y M E N T L T D 2 2 1 6 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - PR I N C I P A L P A Y M E N T L T D 2 3 1 6 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - W W E L L E N G 2 1 0 5 0 5 0 2 0 1 0 7 P P 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - W M A I N H O W E 1 4 0 5 0 6 0 2 0 1 0 7 P P 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - W M A I N S 2 5 0 5 0 5 0 2 0 1 0 7 P P 4 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - W W E L L 2 1 0 5 0 5 0 7 1 5 0 8 P P 5 5 , 7 2 4 . 0 0 - 5 5 , 7 2 4 . 0 0 5 5 , 7 2 4 . 0 0 - - 103 OR I G I N A L T R A N S F E R S & R E V I S E D Y T D AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N AP P R O P R I A T I O N AD J U S T M E N T S BU D G E T EX P E N D E D EN C U M B E R BA L A N C E TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N EX P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T F O R B U D G E T E D F U N D S - S E W E R , W A T E R A N D P A R K S & R E C R E A T I O N JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 W T A N K R E P 1 5 0 5 0 8 0 1 1 5 0 9 P P 2 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - W W E L L 2 1 0 5 0 5 0 1 1 5 0 9 P P 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - W T R U C K 0 8 1 1 0 7 0 7 1 5 0 9 P P 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - W M A I N S T 1 9 0 5 1 0 0 5 0 3 1 0 P P 8 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 8 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 8 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - W R A D I O M E T R S 1 6 0 5 1 0 0 1 1 5 1 1 P P 2 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - W M A I N M A I N S T 3 5 0 5 1 3 P P 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - FR U I T S T L D W T R R E F 0 3 0 1 1 3 P P 5 2 , 8 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 2 , 8 0 0 . 0 0 5 2 , 8 0 0 . 0 0 - - W A T E R U T I L I T Y V E H I C L E 1 8 1 5 I P 3 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - W A T E R M A I N R E P L 1 9 1 5 I P 8 , 8 3 1 . 2 5 - 8 , 8 3 1 . 2 5 8 , 8 3 1 . 2 5 - - VA C T O R T R U C K W A T E R 2 0 1 4 I P 5 , 3 3 3 . 3 3 - 5 , 3 3 3 . 3 3 5 , 3 3 3 . 3 4 - ( 0 . 0 1 ) FR U I T S T W A T E R F A C E N G 2 0 1 5 I P 4 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 4 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 4 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - IN T E R E S T P A Y M E N T L T D 2 0 1 6 4 , 4 4 5 . 9 1 - 4 , 4 4 5 . 9 1 4 , 4 4 5 . 9 1 - - GR O V E S T W A T E R F A C E N G 2 1 1 5 I P 3 , 2 5 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 2 5 0 . 0 0 3 , 2 4 9 . 9 8 - 0 . 0 2 IN T E R E S T P A Y M E N T L T D 2 1 1 6 4 , 4 4 5 . 9 1 - 4 , 4 4 5 . 9 1 4 , 4 4 5 . 9 1 - - IN T E R E S T P A Y M E N T L T D 2 2 1 6 4 3 , 2 4 1 . 3 2 - 4 3 , 2 4 1 . 3 2 4 3 , 2 4 1 . 3 2 - - IN T E R E S T P A Y M E N T L T D 2 3 1 6 2 , 4 1 8 . 8 9 - 2 , 4 1 8 . 8 9 2 , 4 1 8 . 8 9 - - W W E L L E N G 2 1 0 5 0 5 0 2 0 1 0 7 I P 1 , 9 5 7 . 5 6 - 1 , 9 5 7 . 5 6 1 , 9 5 7 . 5 6 - - W M A I N H O W E 1 4 0 5 0 6 0 2 0 1 0 7 I P 8 , 6 9 5 . 5 6 - 8 , 6 9 5 . 5 6 8 , 6 9 5 . 5 6 - - W M A I N S 2 5 0 5 0 5 0 2 0 1 0 7 I P 2 1 , 6 4 5 . 3 3 - 2 1 , 6 4 5 . 3 3 2 1 , 6 4 5 . 3 3 - - W W E L L 2 1 0 5 0 5 0 7 1 5 0 8 I P 13 , 9 9 4 . 9 1 - 1 3 , 9 9 4 . 9 1 1 3 , 9 9 4 . 9 1 - - W T A N K R E P 1 5 0 5 0 8 0 1 1 5 0 9 I P 7 1 0 . 2 2 - 7 1 0 . 2 2 7 1 0 . 2 2 - - W W E L L 2 1 0 5 0 5 0 1 1 5 0 9 I P 3 , 5 7 9 . 6 7 - 3 , 5 7 9 . 6 7 3 , 5 7 9 . 6 0 - 0 . 0 7 W T R U C K 0 8 1 1 0 7 0 7 1 5 0 9 I P 1 , 7 2 5 . 0 0 - 1 , 7 2 5 . 0 0 1 , 7 2 5 . 0 0 - - W M A I N S T 1 9 0 5 1 0 0 5 0 3 1 0 I P 9 , 7 5 0 . 0 0 - 9 , 7 5 0 . 0 0 9 , 7 5 0 . 0 0 - - W R A D I O M T R S 1 6 0 5 1 0 0 1 1 5 1 1 I P [ 3 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 - - W M A I N M A I N S T 3 5 0 5 1 3 I P 3 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 - - FR U I T S T L D W T R R E F 0 3 0 1 1 3 I P 6 , 7 3 2 . 0 0 - 6 , 7 3 2 . 0 0 6 , 7 3 2 . 0 0 - - To t a l 6 1 0 0 W A T E R E N T E R P R I S E F U N D 7 0 0 , 8 4 7 . 5 3 - 7 0 0 , 8 4 7 . 5 3 7 0 0 , 8 4 7 . 4 5 - 0 . 0 8 SA L A R I E S F U L L T I M E 6 6 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 6 6 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 6 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 8 - 2 , 9 9 9 . 9 2 SA L A R I E S P A R T T I M E 4 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ( 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ) 1 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 1 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 W A G E S H O U R L Y - - - 2 3 , 6 6 4 . 0 0 - ( 2 3 , 6 6 4 . 0 0 ) W A G E S H O U R L Y T E M P O R A R Y S E A S O N A 9 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 9 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 9 4 , 0 1 7 . 6 9 - 9 8 2 . 3 1 EL E C T R I C I T Y 5 , 8 8 9 . 0 0 - 5 , 8 8 9 . 0 0 7 , 6 1 3 . 0 7 - ( 1 , 7 2 4 . 0 7 ) SE W E R U S A G E - - - 1 , 5 2 8 . 1 7 - ( 1 , 5 2 8 . 1 7 ) W A T E R U S A G E - - - 6 6 2 . 8 6 - ( 6 6 2 . 8 6 ) W A T E R U S A G E - - - 4 9 . 3 2 - ( 4 9 . 3 2 ) W A T E R U S A G E - - - 1 , 0 5 4 . 5 0 - ( 1 , 0 5 4 . 5 0 ) W A T E R U S A G E F R U I T S T F I E L D - - - 4 9 . 3 2 - ( 4 9 . 3 2 ) R& M R E C R E A T I O N A L F A C I L I T I E S 5 6 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 6 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 6 , 2 8 5 . 4 8 - ( 2 8 5 . 4 8 ) R& M F R U I T S T R E E T 3 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 7 , 8 4 7 . 5 0 3 7 8 . 0 0 9 , 7 7 4 . 5 0 R& L D E P A R T M E N T A L E Q U I P M E N T 1 2 , 0 1 8 . 0 0 - 1 2 , 0 1 8 . 0 0 7 , 2 8 7 . 3 4 - 4 , 7 3 0 . 6 6 AD V E R T I S I N G 2 , 3 9 6 . 0 0 - 2 , 3 9 6 . 0 0 2 , 2 1 5 . 2 9 - 1 8 0 . 7 1 M I S C O T H E R C O N T R A C T E D S E R V I C E S 2 7 0 , 2 7 6 . 0 0 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 0 0 , 2 7 6 . 0 0 2 9 8 , 7 1 5 . 3 9 - 1 , 5 6 0 . 6 1 M I S C O F F I C E S U P P L I E S - - - 2 7 7 . 5 8 1 2 4 . 1 3 ( 4 0 1 . 7 1 ) RE C R E A T I O N A L S U P P L I E S 1 4 , 9 2 6 . 0 0 - 1 4 , 9 2 6 . 0 0 1 2 , 8 5 0 . 0 5 - 2 , 0 7 5 . 9 5 To t a l 6 3 0 P A R K S A N D R E C R E A T I O N 6 0 4 , 5 0 5 . 0 0 - 6 0 4 , 5 0 5 . 0 0 5 9 7 , 1 1 7 . 6 4 5 0 2 . 1 3 6 , 8 8 5 . 2 3 104 GE N E R A L F U N D PE R S O N A L P R O P E R T Y T A X E S 2 0 0 8 2 2 0 . 9 6 E A R N I N G S O N I N V E S T M E N T S 3 5 6 , 6 8 1 . 8 1 P A R K I N G F I N E S 5 , 8 1 8 . 1 0 PE R S O N A L P R O P E R T Y T A X E S 2 0 0 9 2 2 6 . 8 0 M I S C N O N R E C U R R I N G B U D G E T 1 2 , 0 5 9 . 3 5 F I L I N G F E E S 2 9 , 1 8 5 . 0 0 PE R S O N A L P R O P E R T Y T A X E S 2 0 1 0 7 5 . 6 5 C O M M O N V I C T U A L E R A L L A L C O H O L I C 3 3 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 F I L I N G F E E S D E S I G N R E V I E W B O A R 3 0 0 . 0 0 PE R S O N A L P R O P E R T Y T A X E S 2 0 1 2 1 2 3 . 3 6 C O M M O N V I C T U A L E R W I N E M A L T 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 A C C I D E N T R E P O R T S 7 5 5 . 0 0 PE R S O N A L P R O P E R T Y T A X E S 2 0 1 3 4 , 0 5 3 . 5 9 P A C K A G E G O O D S A L L A L C O H O L I C 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 F I R E A R M S I D C A R D S 2 3 7 . 5 0 PE R S O N A L P R O P E R T Y T A X E S 2 0 1 4 5 4 5 . 3 8 P A C K A G E G O O D S W I N E M A L T 4 , 0 7 5 . 0 0 O F F D U T Y D E T A I L A D M I N F E E S 2 8 , 1 4 6 . 2 0 PE R S O N A L P R O P E R T Y T A X E S 2 0 1 5 8 7 1 . 7 7 C L U B A L L A L C O H O L I C 4 , 3 7 5 . 0 0 P O L I C E B Y L A W F I N E S 1 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 PE R S O N A L P R O P E R T Y T A X E S 2 0 1 6 3 , 9 7 4 . 7 8 T R A N S F E R F E E S L I Q U O R L I C E N S E 7 5 . 0 0 2 6 F I N S P E C T I O N F E E S 8 , 3 7 5 . 0 0 PE R S O N A L P R O P E R T Y T A X E S 2 0 1 7 1 8 5 , 3 8 9 . 0 8 F A R M E R S M A R K E T L I Q U O R L I C E N S E 3 0 0 . 0 0 O I L B U R N E R I N S P E C T I O N F E E S 2 , 2 4 0 . 0 0 PE R S O N A L P R O P E R T Y T A X E S 2 0 1 8 2 , 2 7 6 , 2 5 4 . 4 1 O N E D A Y L I Q U O R L I C E N S E 1 5 0 . 0 0 O C C U P A N C Y I N S P E C T I O N F E E S 4 2 , 2 0 5 . 0 0 RE A L E S T A T E T A X E S 2 0 1 2 ( 2 5 1 . 4 0 ) C O M M O N V I C T U A L L E R S L I C E N S E 8 7 5 . 0 0 M I S C E L L A N E O U S D E P T F E E S 1 0 . 0 0 RE A L E S T A T E T A X E S 2 0 1 4 ( 4 3 7 . 2 1 ) C L A S S I L I C E N S E 3 0 0 . 0 0 B U I L D I N G I N S P E C T I O N F E E S 3 6 7 , 1 5 7 . 8 2 RE A L E S T A T E T A X E S 2 0 1 6 ( 6 8 , 5 7 3 . 9 6 ) C L A S S I I L I C E N S E 1 , 0 5 0 . 0 0 M I S C E L L A N E O U S D E P T F E E S 2 7 5 . 0 0 RE A L E S T A T E T A X E S 2 0 1 7 5 3 4 , 8 9 1 . 7 0 J O I N T P O L E H E A R I N G R E V E N U E 6 5 0 . 0 0 S E A L E R W E I G H T S & M E A S U R E S F E E S 9 , 3 8 8 . 0 0 RE A L E S T A T E T A X E S 2 0 1 8 5 9 , 7 5 3 , 2 1 1 . 7 7 D O G L I C E N S E S 2 6 , 4 7 3 . 0 0 G R A V E O P E N I N G S 2 7 , 2 5 0 . 0 0 DE F E R R E D T A X E S 0 . 0 0 R A F F L E P E R M I T S 4 6 8 . 0 0 M I S C E L L A N E O U S D E P T F E E S 7 2 , 9 5 0 . 0 0 TA X L I E N S R E D E E M E D 3 6 1 , 2 0 8 . 5 5 D B A C E R T I F I C A T E S 4 , 0 2 5 . 0 0 T R A N S F E R S F R O M S P E C R E V F U N D S 4 6 1 , 5 4 2 . 2 9 M O T O R V E H I C L E E X C I S E 2 0 0 8 5 3 . 7 5 S T O R A G E P E R M I T S 1 , 1 0 0 . 0 0 T R A N S F E R S F R O M E N T E R F U N D S 6 4 7 , 7 5 7 . 0 0 M O T O R V E H I C L E E X C I S E 2 0 0 9 7 9 3 . 2 3 P I S T O L P E R M I T S 5 , 2 1 2 . 5 0 To t a l 1 0 0 0 G E N E R A L F U N D 7 8 , 2 7 9 , 9 2 4 . 8 7 M O T O R V E H I C L E E X C I S E 2 0 1 1 3 2 5 . 2 1 P E D D L I N G S O L I C I T I N G P E R M I T S 5 4 0 . 0 0 M O T O R V E H I C L E E X C I S E 2 0 1 2 2 , 3 0 9 . 0 1 S T O R A G E P E R M I T S 2 , 1 7 0 . 0 0 M O T O R V E H I C L E E X C I S E 2 0 1 3 ( 1 8 . 0 2 ) U N D E R G R N D S T O R T A N K I N S T P M T S 1 , 3 9 0 . 0 0 SC H O O L L U N C H R E V O L V I N G F U N D M O T O R V E H I C L E E X C I S E 2 0 1 4 ( 3 9 5 . 3 4 ) B L A S T I N G P E R M I T S 5 0 . 0 0 S C H O O L L U N C H P R O G F E D T H R S T 1 4 3 , 0 6 8 . 3 0 M O T O R V E H I C L E E X C I S E 2 0 1 5 2 , 0 9 2 . 4 5 T R A N S F E R T A N K P E R M I T S 4 2 0 . 0 0 S C H O O L L U N C H S T U D E N T F E E S 8 2 0 , 2 1 3 . 4 6 M O T O R V E H I C L E E X C I S E 2 0 1 6 1 5 , 3 4 7 . 9 4 S Y S T E M S H U T D O W N S P E R M I T S 2 , 1 3 0 . 0 0 To t a l 2 2 0 0 S C H O O L L U N C H R E V O L V I N G F U N D 9 6 3 , 2 8 1 . 7 6 M O T O R V E H I C L E E X C I S E 2 0 1 7 5 2 0 , 3 0 5 . 5 2 M I S C E L L A N E O U S P E R M I T S 8 0 . 0 0 M O T O R V E H I C L E E X C I S E 2 0 1 8 2 , 7 7 8 , 1 0 3 . 0 7 C A B L E F R A N C H I S E F E E 2 0 , 3 1 5 . 3 8 M O T O R V E H I C L E E X C I S E P R Y R S 3 4 2 . 9 0 S A L E O F B O O K S 2 , 6 6 0 . 0 0 CO M M U N I T Y P R E S E R V A T I O N F U N D PE N A L T I E S I N T E R E S T P R O P T A X E S 9 5 , 6 3 4 . 3 6 D E M A N D F E E S 1 0 , 2 7 0 . 8 4 P R O C E E D S F R O M S A L E O F B O N D S 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 PE N A L T I E S I N T E R E S T E X C T A X E S 1 7 , 7 2 4 . 9 6 W A R R A N T F E E S 4 9 , 6 6 0 . 8 7 P R O P E R T Y T A X E S C P A 2 0 1 4 ( 8 . 7 4 ) PE N A L T I E S I N T E R E S T T A X L I E N S 1 2 6 , 4 5 2 . 4 9 M U N I C I P A L L I E N C E R T I F I C A T E S 2 8 , 3 5 0 . 0 0 P R O P E R T Y T A X E S C P A 2 0 1 6 ( 3 , 9 3 2 . 0 6 ) PE N A L T I E S I N T E R E S T O T H E R 3 8 . 6 9 R E T U R N E D C H E C K F E E 6 5 0 . 0 0 P R O P E R T Y T A X E S C P A 2 0 1 7 5 , 4 6 7 . 6 5 PA Y M E N T S I N L I E U O F T A X E S 2 7 0 , 7 5 5 . 3 0 T R E A S C O L L F E E S 1 , 2 4 8 . 2 5 P R O P E R T Y T A X E S C P A 2 0 1 8 9 9 8 , 9 3 1 . 0 3 LO S S O F T A X E S S T A T E O W N E D L A N D 2 9 3 , 1 6 7 . 0 0 B I R T H C E R T I F I C A T E S 5 , 3 1 0 . 0 0 T A X L I E N S R E D E E M E D 2 , 1 9 4 . 4 7 AB A T E V E T S B L I N D S S P E L D E R L Y 3 3 , 5 7 0 . 0 0 M A R R I A G E C E R T I F I C A T E S 2 , 6 0 2 . 0 0 P E N A L T I E S I N T P R O P T A X E S C P A 1 , 1 6 8 . 8 6 CH A P T E R 7 0 S C H O O L A I D 6 , 2 5 6 , 9 6 3 . 0 0 D E A T H C E R T I F I C A T E S 8 , 1 7 7 . 0 0 P E N A L T I E S I N T E R E S T T A X L I E N S 2 6 1 . 1 8 SC H O O L T R A N S P C H 7 1 1 , 0 6 3 . 0 0 D O G L I C E N S E L A T E F E E 3 , 1 4 0 . 0 0 C O M M U N I T Y P R E S R E V S T A T E S H A R E 1 5 9 , 0 5 8 . 0 0 SC H O O L C O N S T M S B A 1 , 4 8 7 , 0 8 6 . 0 0 C O P Y F E E S 6 . 7 5 E A R N I N G S O N I N V E S T M E N T S ( 1 4 , 1 3 2 . 1 0 ) VE T E R A N S B E N E F I T S 5 8 , 3 4 2 . 0 0 S A L E O F B O O K S 5 0 . 0 0 To t a l 2 4 0 0 C O M M U N I T Y P R E S E R V A T I O N F U N D 1 , 5 4 9 , 0 0 8 . 2 9 UN R E S T R I C T E D G E N G V T A I D 7 8 4 , 7 6 2 . 0 0 S A L E O F A B S T R A C T S 1 , 7 3 8 . 0 0 CH A R T E R T U I T I O N R E I M B U R S E M E N T S 2 6 , 7 8 2 . 0 0 S A L E O F E X T R A C T S 1 5 . 0 0 HO M E L E S S T R A N S P O R T A T I O N 2 , 5 0 2 . 0 0 S A L E O F R E P O R T S 2 3 5 . 0 0 CO U R T F I N E S 5 , 9 6 2 . 5 0 P U B L I C R E C O R D S R E Q U E S T F E E 7 7 . 0 0 M E D I C A L A S S I S T A N C E R E I M B S C H 4 2 , 9 1 8 . 6 8 M I S C E L L A N E O U S D E P T F E E S 4 0 2 . 0 0 M O T O R V E H I C L E E X C I S E R E I M B 9 5 , 8 0 6 . 2 8 N O N C R I M I N A L B Y L A W F I N E S 6 0 0 . 0 0 TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N CA S H R E C E I P T S Ju n e 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 105 TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N CA S H R E C E I P T S Ju n e 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 FE D E R A L E D U C A T I O N G R A N T S R E V O L V I N G F U N D S O T H E R S P E C I A L R E V E N U E S F U N D 20 1 7 9 4 - 1 4 2 T R A N S I T I O N R E V E N U E 6 , 6 2 2 . 0 0 D E T A I L A D M I N F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 1 0 , 0 1 0 . 0 0 B A A F U N D S G A R E V 1 2 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 20 1 8 L E A P I N C E N T I V E R E V E N U E 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 B U I L D I N G F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 R E V 2 6 5 , 9 9 0 . 0 0 C O M M T R A N S P I N F R A S T R U C T U R E 8 3 7 . 3 0 20 1 7 S P E A R L Y C H I L D H O O D R E V 8 , 8 0 9 . 2 0 C O N S C O M M F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 R E V 7 5 , 2 5 2 . 3 7 D A R E P R O G R A M G A R E V 1 5 . 0 0 20 1 8 S P E A R L Y C H I L D H O O D R E V 2 0 , 8 7 9 . 0 0 E M E R G M E D S V C S F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 R E V 5 9 4 , 5 3 4 . 3 1 E N E R G Y D E S I G N A S S I S T A N C E G A 2 8 , 6 0 5 . 0 0 20 1 7 S P I D E A R E V E N U E 3 8 , 2 4 7 . 0 0 F A C I N S R E I M B U N D E R $ 1 5 0 K R E V 1 2 4 , 4 5 4 . 0 3 E M S G A R E V 2 , 8 6 5 . 0 0 20 1 8 S P I D E A R E V E N U E 6 6 2 , 7 7 6 . 0 0 F I N G E R P R I N T I N G F U N D 5 3 E 7 0 . 0 0 H O S T C O M M U N I T Y A G R E E M E N T 5 1 , 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 20 1 7 S P P R O G R A M I M P R E V E N U E 7 , 1 5 8 . 0 0 F I R E H A Z M A T F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 R E V 1 5 , 7 2 4 . 0 1 H O P K P U B L I C L I B R A R Y F O U N D A T I O N 4 4 3 , 9 5 6 . 0 0 20 1 8 T I T L E I I A R E V E N U E 3 7 , 7 6 8 . 0 0 F I R E I N S R E I M B U N D E R $ 2 0 K R E V 6 , 4 5 9 . 1 4 L I B R A R Y G A R E V 5 , 9 4 5 . 0 0 20 1 8 T I T L E I V R E V E N U E 1 , 4 6 3 . 0 0 H W Y I N S R E I M B U N D E R $ 1 5 0 K R E V 2 0 , 3 9 6 . 0 0 O ' B R I E N F I R E G I F T 8 1 , 1 5 7 . 6 0 To t a l 2 5 5 0 F E D E R A L E D U C A T I O N G R A N T S 7 8 8 , 7 2 2 . 2 0 HW Y F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 R O A D P M T R E V 5 , 2 2 5 . 0 0 O ' B R I E N P O L I C E G I F T 8 1 , 1 5 7 . 6 0 LIB L O S T M A T F I N E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 R E V 6 , 7 5 7 . 9 3 P O L I C E D E P A R T M E N T G A R E V 1 0 0 . 0 0 PL A N N I N G B O A R D F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 R E V 1 0 8 , 0 5 0 . 0 0 R E C H O P K I N T O N D E V E L O P E R A C C T 1 , 8 3 6 . 6 9 ST A T E G R A N T S F U N D PL A N N I N G B O A R D C O N S 5 3 G R E V ( 6 , 8 8 1 . 0 9 ) R E C H O P K I N T O N W M A I N S T 1 1 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 AC P C O M P E T I T I V E D O E R S G R E V 2 2 4 , 8 1 2 . 0 0 P L U M B I N G G A S F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 R E V 6 0 , 4 0 0 . 0 0 S E N I O R C T R E X E R C I S E P R G G A R E V 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 CU L T U R A L C O U N C I L S G R E V 4 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 R E C Y C L I N G F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 R E V 2 , 3 4 8 . 0 0 S E N I O R C E N T E R G A R E V 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 EM E R G E N C Y P L A N N I N G S G R E V 8 , 7 3 1 . 7 0 R E C R E A T I O N R E V O L V I N G 5 3 D R E V 6 4 , 2 5 8 . 5 0 S T A N T O N F O U N D D O G P A R K G A 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 EO E A F O R M U L A S G R E V 1 8 , 7 5 0 . 0 0 S E N C T R P R O G R A M S F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 4 5 , 6 8 9 . 0 0 T R A I L N E T W O R K H C A 5 6 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 EL E C T I O N E X T R A H R S S G R E V 3 , 2 3 3 . 6 6 S E N I O R / D I S A B L E D R E V F D R E V 1 8 , 3 4 4 . 0 0 U N D E R G R O U N D U T I L I T I E S H C A 5 6 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 GI R L S W H O C O D E C L U B L I B R A R Y S G 3 0 0 . 0 0 W C D T R A S H B A G F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 R E V 1 3 , 7 5 0 . 0 0 To t a l 2 9 0 0 O T H E R S P E C I A L R E V E N U E S F U N D 3 , 1 6 9 , 9 7 5 . 1 9 M B L C C O N S T R U C T I O N G R A N T R E V 9 0 6 , 71 6 . 0 0 W I R I N G F E E S 53 E 1 / 2 R E V 9 4 , 7 3 8 . 0 0 M C O A S T A T E G R A N T E X P 9 0 0 . 0 0 Z O N I N G B O A F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 R E V 8 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 OT H E R S P E C R E V E D U C A T I O N ST A T E A I D T O L I B R A R I E S S G R E V 1 6 , 0 0 0 . 6 0 Z O N I N G B O A C O N S U L T A N T S 5 3 G R E V 3 , 9 5 0 . 0 0 C E N T R A L O F F I C E G A R E V 2 6 , 0 9 7 . 1 8 SU B S T A N C E A B U S E S T A T E G R A N T 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 To t a l 2 8 0 0 R E V O L V I N G F U N D S 1 , 5 3 8 , 0 1 9 . 2 0 CE N T E R S C H O O L G A R E V 1 , 3 9 1 . 7 8 ST U D E N T A W A R E N E S S F I R E S G R E V 3 , 7 0 8 . 00 E L M W O O D S C H O O L G A R E V 1 2 , 1 4 7 . 8 1 SE N C E N T E R F R I E N D S W A G E & P R O G 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 H O P K I N S S C H O O L G A R E V 2 6 , 3 5 1 . 8 9 SE N I O R S A F E G R A N T 2 , 4 1 5 . 0 0 RE V O L V I N G F U N D S E D U C A T I O N HI G H S C H O O L G A R E V 1 0 5 , 3 8 1 . 0 8 UP P E R C H A R L E S R I V E R T R A I L S G 5 0 , 9 3 2 . 4 0 A D U L T E D U C A T I O N R E V 1 , 0 5 0 . 0 0 M I D D L E S C H O O L G A R E V 3 0 , 1 6 7 . 8 3 W E I G H T S A N D M E A S U R E S S G R E V 3 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 A T H L E T I C R E V O L V I N G H S R E V 2 1 3 , 5 0 6 . 0 0 To t a l 2 9 5 0 O T H E R S P E C R E V E D U C A T I O N 2 0 1 , 5 3 7 . 5 7 To t a l 2 6 0 0 S T A T E G R A N T S F U N D 1 , 3 6 9 , 6 9 9 . 3 6 BU I L D I N G U S E R E V 1 8 4 , 5 7 9 . 5 0 BU S F E E S R E V 1 7 8 , 8 5 2 . 3 0 CIR C U I T B R E A K E R S P E D R E V 4 1 1 , 4 8 7 . 0 0 TIT L E V L O A N P R O G R A M ST A T E E D U C A T I O N G R A N T S F U N D DR A M A R E V O L V I N G H S R E V 9 , 5 9 8 . 8 1 T A X L I E N S R E D E E M E D 1 5 , 3 5 8 . 9 4 20 1 6 H S M E T R O W E S T R E V 6 9 , 5 9 5 . 3 0 D R A M A R E V O L V I N G M S R E V 1 2 , 3 5 2 . 9 8 P E N A L T I E S I N T E R E S T T A X L I E N S 1 , 7 1 7 . 2 4 20 1 7 M S M E T R O W E S T R E V 7 3 , 1 8 1 . 6 7 L O S T B O O K S C T R R E V 1 8 4 . 0 0 P E N A L T I E S I N T U T I L I T Y U S A G E 5 2 . 7 0 To t a l 2 6 5 0 S T A T E E D U C A T I O N G R A N T S F U N D 1 4 2 , 7 7 6 . 9 7 LO S T B O O K S E L M R E V 4 4 2 . 8 4 C O M M I T T E D I N T E R E S T T I T L E V 7 , 8 7 9 . 4 6 LO S T B O O K S H O P R E V 9 6 . 6 3 T I T L E V L O A N P R O G R A M R E V E N U E 2 7 , 3 2 9 . 3 4 LO S T B O O K S H S R E V 1 , 4 7 1 . 4 7 To t a l 2 9 9 0 T I T L E V S E P T I C L O A N P R O G R A M 5 2 , 3 3 7 . 6 8 RE C E I P T S R E S E R V E D A P P R O P R I A T I O N LO S T B O O K S M S R E V 4 0 6 . 9 5 TR E A S U R E R B O N D P R E M I U M S 1 5 , 2 1 2 . 6 6 L A P T O P I N I T 5 3 E 1 / 2 H S R E V 2 8 6 , 4 7 2 . 3 2 CC W E T L A N D S R E C R E S A P P R O P R E V 1 7 , 1 5 2 . 5 0 P A R K I N G R E V O L V I N G H S R E V 4 1 , 9 9 5 . 0 0 SA L E O F C E M E T E R Y L O T S R E V 5 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 S C H I N S R E I M B U N D E R $ 2 0 K R E V 2 , 2 2 2 . 8 1 To t a l 2 7 0 0 R E C E I P T S R E S E R V E D A P P R O P R I A T I O N 3 7 , 6 6 5 . 1 6 To t a l T I N T L T U I T I O N I N T S T U D R E V O L V 3 2 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 TU I T I O N P R E K R E V 1 4 4 , 0 6 0 . 0 0 To t a l 2 8 5 0 R E V O L V I N G F U N D S E D U C A T I O N 1 , 8 1 0 , 7 7 8 . 6 1 106 TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N CA S H R E C E I P T S Ju n e 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 CA P I T A L P R O J E C T S F U N D S E W E R E N T E R P R I S E F U N D N O N E X P E N D A B L E T R U S T S F U N D PR O C E E D S F R O M S A L E O F B O N D S 5 , 6 5 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 T A X L I E N S R E D E E M E D 4 , 6 7 0 . 6 7 C E M P E R P E T U A L C A R E N T R E V 5 , 6 5 0 . 0 0 PR E M I U M S F R O M S A L E O F B O N D S 4 7 1 , 5 3 9 . 9 1 P E N A L T I E S I N T E R E S T T A X L I E N S 6 2 5 . 7 2 To t a l 8 1 0 0 N O N E X P E N D A B L E T R U S T S F U N D 5 , 6 5 0 . 0 0 EN E R G Y D E S I G N A S S I S T A N C E 1 3 , 6 4 9 . 8 0 P E N A L T I E S I N T U T I L I T Y U S A G E 1 0 , 3 6 4 . 9 4 TR A N S F E R S F R O M G E N E R A L F U N D 8 2 2 , 5 2 2 . 0 0 U T I L I T Y U S A G E C H A R G E S S E W E R 1 , 3 5 8 , 7 8 1 . 7 6 To t a l 3 1 0 0 C A P I T A L P R O J E C T S F U N D 6 , 9 6 2 , 7 1 1 . 7 1 UT I L I T Y U S A G E A D D E D T O T A X E S 5 2 , 8 9 8 . 2 3 EX P E N D A B L E T R U S T S F U N D CO N N E C T I O N F E E S 4 , 2 7 5 . 0 0 A F F O R D A B L E H O U S I N G E T R E V 5 1 , 2 7 8 . 0 6 SP E C I A L A S S E S P H A S E 2 1 8 0 . 0 0 H C A R V E R M E M O F F P H I L E T R E V 2 3 . 0 7 CA P I T A L P R O J E C T S S C H O O L S SP E C I A L A S S E S S P H A S E 4 1 0 , 9 1 3 . 0 0 L A W E N F O R C E M E N T E T R E V 2 , 4 1 0 . 8 0 M S B A G R A N T R E V E N U E 7 , 5 9 2 , 1 4 2 . 7 1 S P E C I A L A S S E S S P H A S E 5 2 0 5 , 6 6 9 . 6 6 D I C K E R M A N S C H O L A R S H I P E T R E V 3 . 6 6 PR O C E E D S F R O M S A L E O F B O N D S 1 7 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 S P E C I A L A S S E S S P H A S E 6 4 4 2 , 3 4 4 . 6 6 L E O T O U Z J I A N S C H O L A R S E T R E V 3 . 4 8 PR E M I U M S F R O M S A L E O F B O N D S 1 , 8 6 8 , 3 9 7 . 3 9 A P P T A S S E S S N O T Y E T D U E 3 2 , 4 6 0 . 7 6 M A R Y R O C H E R E C O G N I T I O N E T R E V ( 9 1 . 3 3 ) TU R F F I E L D C O N T R I B U T I O N S 5 1 . 7 1 I N T A P P T A S S E S N O T Y E T D U E 5 1 4 . 8 7 W H I T E S C H O L A R S H I P E T R E V 1 4 5 . 5 0 To t a l 3 2 0 0 C A P I T A L P R O J E C T S S C H O O L S 2 6 , 4 6 0 , 5 9 1 . 8 1 CO M M I T T E D I N T E R E S T P H A S E 2 8 8 . 2 0 C O M E Y M E M O R I A L C H A P E L E T R E V ( 7 8 . 3 8 ) CO M M I T T E D I N T E R E S T P H A S E 6 2 6 5 , 7 5 9 . 4 9 C E M E T E R Y P E R P E T U A L C A R E E T R E V ( 3 , 5 8 6 . 0 3 ) To t a l 6 0 0 0 S E W E R E N T E R P R I S E F U N D 2 , 3 8 9 , 5 4 6 . 9 6 B M C G O V E R N L I B R A R Y E T R E V ( 2 5 , 6 6 3 . 1 2 ) CA P I T A L P R O J S E W E R E N T F U N D SA R A H B C R O O K S C O M M O N E T R E V 6 , 7 3 7 . 4 9 PR O C E E D S F R O M S A L E O F B O N D S 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 C H A R L E S C L A F L I N C O M M O N E T R E V ( 1 7 5 . 3 0 ) To t a l 3 3 0 0 C A P I T A L P R O J S E W E R E N T F U N D 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 W A T E R E N T E R P R I S E F U N D CH A S M A R Y H O L M A N C O M M O N E T R E V ( 1 0 3 . 5 3 ) TA X L I E N S R E D E E M E D 2 , 1 5 5 . 1 9 H I S T O R I C A L E T R E V 3 4 . 1 2 PE N A L T I E S I N T E R E S T T A X L I E N S 1 9 5 . 7 3 To t a l 8 2 0 0 E X P E N D A B L E T R U S T S F U N D 3 0 , 9 3 8 . 4 9 CA P I T A L P R O J W A T E R E N T F U N D PE N A L T I E S & I N T E R E S T U T I L I T Y U 6 , 5 0 2 . 7 1 PR O C E E D S F R O M S A L E O F B O N D S 1 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 U T I L I T Y U S A G E C H A R G E S W A T E R 1 , 5 9 7 , 0 2 7 . 0 3 To t a l 3 4 0 0 C A P I T A L P R O J W A T E R E N T F U N D 1 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 UT I L I T Y U S A G E A D D E D T O T A X E S 4 3 , 8 3 1 . 9 6 ST A B I L I Z A T I O N F U N D HY D R A N T R E N T A L 2 9 6 , 8 5 6 . 0 0 S T A B I L I Z A T I O N F U N D E A R N I N V ( 4 5 , 2 9 4 . 8 4 ) CO N N E C T I O N F E E S 8 8 , 3 9 1 . 5 9 T R A N S F E R S F R O M G E N E R A L F U N D 3 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 HI G H W A Y I M P R O V E M E N T S F U N D M I S C E L L A N E O U S U T I L I T Y F E E S 3 5 , 0 8 0 . 0 3 To t a l 8 3 0 0 S T A B I L I Z A T I O N F U N D 2 5 4 , 7 0 5 . 1 6 PU B L I C W K S P R O J G R A N T R E I M B 1 , 5 2 6 , 8 0 6 . 3 9 To t a l 6 1 0 0 W A T E R E N T E R P R I S E F U N D 2 , 0 7 0 , 0 4 0 . 2 4 To t a l 3 9 0 0 H I G H W A Y I M P R O V E M E N T S F U N D 1 , 5 2 6 , 8 0 6 . 3 9 CA P I T A L S T A B I L I Z A T I O N F U N D PA R K S & R E C R E A T I O N E N T F U N D CA P S T A B I L I Z A T I O N F D E A R N I N V ( 3 , 5 3 3 . 3 6 ) ST U D E N T A C T I V I T I E S F U N D FIE L D U S A G E C H A R G E S 4 , 9 3 0 . 0 0 To t a l 8 4 0 0 C A P I T A L S T A B I L I Z A T I O N F U N D ( 3 , 5 3 3 . 3 6 ) ST U D E N T A C T E L M R E V E N U E 1 1 , 8 0 8 . 3 0 F R U I T S T U S A G E C H A R G E S 6 6 , 0 1 7 . 5 0 ST U D E N T A C T H O P R E V E N U E 1 7 , 7 3 1 . 5 0 P R O G R A M C H A R G E S 4 5 6 , 2 9 7 . 6 9 ST U D E N T A C T H S R E V E N U E 4 7 5 , 8 5 6 . 5 5 B O A T P E R M I T S 5 0 . 0 0 CO N S E R V A T I O N F U N D ST U D E N T A C T M S R E V E N U E 1 4 0 , 3 2 3 . 5 3 B E A C H P E R M I T S 4 , 0 2 0 . 0 0 C O N S E R V A T I O N F U N D E A R N I N G S I N V ( 3 0 5 . 4 9 ) To t a l 8 8 0 0 S T U D E N T A C T I V I T I E S F U N D 6 4 5 , 7 1 9 . 8 8 EA R N I N G S O N I N V E S T M E N T S 1 , 2 5 9 . 3 5 To t a l 8 6 0 0 C O N S E R V A T I O N F U N D ( 3 0 5 . 4 9 ) TR A N S F E R S F R O M G E N E R A L F U N D 1 4 3 , 6 7 0 . 0 0 To t a l 6 2 0 0 P A R K S & R E C R E A T I O N E N T F U N D 6 7 6 , 2 4 4 . 5 4 OP E B T R U S T F U N D OP E B T R U S T F U N D E A R N I N G S I N V 8 7 , 4 1 4 . 3 7 TR A N S F E R S F R O M G E N E R A L F U N D 3 7 9 , 2 6 4 . 0 0 To t a l 8 7 0 0 O P E B T R U S T F U N D 4 6 6 , 6 7 8 . 3 7 107 AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N FU N D B A L A N C E RE C E I P T S EX P E N D E D TR A N S F E R S BA L A N C E NO P R O J E C T 9 9 , 4 8 3 . 6 5 9 6 3 , 2 8 1 . 7 6 1 , 0 0 4 , 3 7 4 . 5 8 - 5 8 , 3 9 0 . 8 3 22 0 0 S C H O O L L U N C H R E V O L V I N G F U N D 9 9 , 4 8 3 . 6 5 9 6 3 , 2 8 1 . 7 6 1 , 0 0 4 , 3 7 4 . 5 8 - 5 8 , 3 9 0 . 8 3 UN D E S I G N A T E D F U N D B A L A N C E - C P 1 , 7 8 5 , 4 1 5 . 5 6 1 , 1 4 9 , 0 0 8 . 2 9 1 6 3 , 3 5 2 . 0 8 ( 1 , 1 0 6 , 9 4 0 . 0 3 ) 1 , 6 6 4 , 1 3 1 . 7 4 08 0 7 M C F A R L A N D S A N G E R H O U S E A 0 8 0 0 . 0 0 - - 8 0 0 . 0 0 09 0 7 L I B R A R Y R E C O R D S R E S T O R . A 2 , 2 1 8 . 0 1 - - 2 , 2 1 8 . 0 1 24 B 1 4 P R E S E R V E T O W N R E C S A 2 4 B 1 3 . 0 0 - - ( 3 . 0 0 ) - 24 E 1 4 T R A I L H E A D S I G N S 6 1 . 0 0 - - ( 6 1 . 0 0 ) - 24 F 1 4 G R A N I T E C U R B I N G M E M O R I A L 6 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - 6 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 24 G 1 4 D I G I T I Z E H I S T O R I C D O C U M E N T S 3 , 4 0 3 . 5 0 - - 3 , 4 0 3 . 5 0 29 B 1 0 C O M E Y C H A P E L R O O F R E P A 2 4 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 - - ( 4 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 ) - 29 B 1 5 P R O P E R T Y A C Q U I S I T I O N W Y C 9 , 6 4 1 . 5 9 - - ( 9 , 6 4 1 . 5 9 ) - 29 C 1 5 T R A I L H E A D S I G N A G E 3 5 0 . 0 0 - - ( 3 5 0 . 0 0 ) - 29 E 1 5 M C F A R L A N D S A N G E R H O U S E R 2 9 , 7 4 0 . 0 0 - - 2 9 , 7 4 0 . 0 0 29 F 1 5 F R U I T S T P A R K I N G S T U D Y 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 29 G 1 0 O R A L H I S T O R Y P R O J H C A 2 9 1 7 , 0 7 2 . 0 1 - - ( 1 7 , 0 7 2 . 0 1 ) - 29 G 1 5 L E G A C Y F A R M S P A R K I N G / A C C 1 5 , 8 4 5 . 5 9 - 11 , 6 5 8 . 6 2 4,1 8 6 . 9 7 29 H 1 0 L I B R A R Y D I G I T I Z A T I O N A 2 9 8 0 1 . 2 2 - - (8 0 1 . 2 2 ) - 29 H 1 5 F R U I T S T A T H L E T I C F I E L D S 4 6 1 , 0 1 1 . 3 0 - 46 1 , 0 1 1 . 3 0 - 29 I 1 5 C E M E T E R Y R E C O R D S D I G I T I Z 2 7 , 0 2 2 . 6 7 - 13 , 0 4 0 . 0 0 13 , 9 8 2 . 6 7 29 J 1 0 F R U I T S T A C C E S S R O A D A 2 9 4 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - (4 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ) - 29 J 1 5 T O L L H O U S E P R E S E R V A T I O N 2 9 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 - - (2 9 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 ) - 29 L 1 0 M A S P E N O C K D A M P R E S A 2 9 L 0 1 3 , 6 1 7 . 5 0 - - (1 3 , 6 1 7 . 5 0 ) - 31 A 1 6 P R E S E R V E T O W N R E C O R D S A 3 1 4 3 4 . 0 0 - - (4 3 4 . 0 0 ) - 31 A 1 7 S H A R E D U S E T R A I L - - 9,0 1 3 . 1 0 5 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 45 , 9 8 6 . 9 0 31 B 1 6 B O U N D A R Y M A R K E R S & M E D A L L I O N S 71 1 . 9 6 - 21 1 . 4 0 (5 0 0 . 5 6 ) - 31 B 1 7 H O P K & U P T O N T O W N L A N D R E C O R D - - 19 , 6 0 4 . 0 0 1 9 , 6 0 4 . 0 0 - 31 C 1 6 I M P P U B L I C T R A I L & D O G P A R K 4 7 , 8 9 4 . 0 0 - 35 , 3 1 0 . 7 2 12 , 5 8 3 . 2 8 TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N RE V E N U E A N D E X P E N D I T U R E R E P O R T FO R A L L S P E C I A L R E V E N U E , C A P I TA L P R O J E C T S A N D T R U S T F U N D S JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 108 AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N FU N D B A L A N C E RE C E I P T S EX P E N D E D TR A N S F E R S BA L A N C E 31 C 1 7 F I L M R E E L C O N V E R S I O N H O P K I N T O N - - 18 0 . 0 0 1 8 0 . 0 0 - 31 D 1 7 H I S T O R I C H E A D S T O N E R E S T O R A T I O N - - - 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 10 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 31 E 1 6 R E S T O R E M C F A R L A N D H O U S E 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 60 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 31 E 1 7 C H E N E Y F A M I L Y C O L L E C T I O N P R E S E R V - - 6,7 3 6 . 0 0 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 26 4 . 0 0 31 F 1 6 R E S T O R E R T 8 5 S T O N E B R I D G E 7 1 , 8 3 3 . 7 7 - 22 3 . 4 4 71 , 6 1 0 . 3 3 31 F 1 7 T H R E E B R I D G E S R E C O N S T R U C T I O N - - - 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4,0 0 0 . 0 0 31 G 1 6 C O N S T R U C T R E C P A T H R T 8 5 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 25 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 31 G 1 7 A R C H I T E C T U R A L H I S T O R I C A L S U R V E Y - - 21 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4,0 0 0 . 0 0 31 H 1 6 F E N C I N G A R O U N D C L A F L I N F O U N 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 10 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 31 H 1 7 F R U I T S T R E E T B U I L D I N G F A C I L I T Y - 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 37 8 , 9 3 0 . 8 7 21 , 0 6 9 . 1 3 31 I 1 6 P R O T E C T I V E N E T T I N G F R U I T S T A T H 3 , 8 5 8 . 0 0 - - 3,8 5 8 . 0 0 31 J 1 6 I N S T A L L B O A T D O C K S A N D Y B E A C H 2 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 20 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 31 K 1 7 R E E D P A R K E N G I N E E R I N G & C O N S T R U - - - 2 6 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 26 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 31 L 1 7 C E N T E R T R A I L B E N C H E S - - 3,8 0 0 . 0 0 5 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 1,7 0 0 . 0 0 37 0 8 C E M E T E R Y S I G N A G E A 3 7 0 5 0 8 1 0 5 . 0 0 - - (1 0 5 . 0 0 ) - 37 0 9 H I S T O R I C S I G N A G E A 3 7 0 5 0 9 8 , 7 0 8 . 5 8 - - (8 , 7 0 8 . 5 8 ) - 38 A 1 1 H I S T R E C P R E S P R O J H S A 3 1 , 3 3 1 . 9 0 - - (1 , 3 3 1 . 9 0 ) - 38 B 1 1 A C C E S S R A M P L I B R A R Y A 3 8 B 7 5 5 . 0 0 - - (7 5 5 . 0 0 ) - 38 C 1 1 P R E S R E S T T O W N R E C S A 3 8 C 6 , 2 8 8 . 7 7 - - (6 , 2 8 8 . 7 7 ) - 38 D 1 1 E N T S I G N C A M E R O N W O O D A 3 8 4 . 4 5 - - (8 4 . 4 5 ) - 38 E 1 1 C E N T E R T R A I L I M P R O V E A 3 8 4 2 6 . 6 3 - - (4 2 6 . 6 3 ) - 40 0 5 H I S T S O C I E T Y B L D G P R E S # 4 1 5 , 1 2 0 . 0 5 - - (1 5 , 1 2 0 . 0 5 ) - 40 A 1 2 R E S T O R E T A X R E C O R D S A 4 0 A 1 2 , 4 4 0 . 0 0 - - (1 2 , 4 4 0 . 0 0 ) - 40 A 1 3 S A N D Y B E A C H R E S T O R E A 4 0 A 1 4 , 9 3 5 . 6 9 - - (1 4 , 9 3 5 . 6 9 ) - 40 B 1 2 R E P A I R C E M M O N U M E N T S A 4 0 1 , 6 7 8 . 3 4 - - (1 , 6 7 8 . 3 4 ) - 40 C 1 3 R E S T O R E R E E D P A R K A 4 0 C 0 5 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - (1 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ) - 40 D 1 3 E X T T R L P C H A M B E R L A I N A 4 4 0 , 8 6 9 . 6 7 - - (4 0 , 8 6 9 . 6 7 ) - 40 E 1 2 L A N D W H I S P E R W A Y A 4 0 E 0 5 1 1 0 , 4 8 0 . 0 0 - - (1 0 , 4 8 0 . 0 0 ) - 40 E 1 3 D E V E L O P W E L Z E L P A T H A 4 0 E 5 , 0 4 4 . 4 5 - - (5 , 0 4 4 . 4 5 ) - 40 F 1 2 L A N D H A Y D E N R O W E A 4 0 F 0 5 1 6 , 0 4 8 . 6 7 - - (6 , 0 4 8 . 6 7 ) - 40 F 1 3 C O M E Y C H A P W I N D P R E S A 4 0 3 , 3 6 7 . 0 4 - - (3 , 3 6 7 . 0 4 ) - 40 H 1 3 S I G N A G E H U G H E S H O U S E A 4 0 1 , 2 5 0 . 0 0 - - (1 , 2 5 0 . 0 0 ) - 40 I 1 3 B N D M A R K E R S T O W N P R O P A 4 1 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 - - (1 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 ) - 109 AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N FU N D B A L A N C E RE C E I P T S EX P E N D E D TR A N S F E R S BA L A N C E 41 0 8 S U R V E Y H I S T O R I C B L D G S A 4 1 2 , 3 8 2 . 2 1 - - (2 , 3 8 2 . 2 1 ) - 42 0 7 R E S T R T 8 5 B R I D G E A R C H A 4 2 0 . 0 3 - - (0 . 0 3 ) - 43 0 8 W H I T E H A L L T R A I L S A 4 3 0 5 0 8 2 , 2 1 1 . 6 0 - - (2 , 2 1 1 . 6 0 ) - 46 0 4 T O W N C E M E T E R Y F E N C E A 4 6 0 5 4 0 . 0 0 - - (4 0 . 0 0 ) - 46 0 6 W H I T E H A L L L A N D A 4 6 0 5 0 6 3 , 6 3 4 . 6 9 - - (3 , 6 3 4 . 6 9 ) - 47 0 2 R E E D P A R K R E S T O R A T I O N A 4 7 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - (3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ) - 47 0 4 S O U T H M I L L S T D A M A 4 7 0 5 0 4 1 7 , 9 7 6 . 6 7 - - (1 7 , 9 7 6 . 6 7 ) - 49 0 6 R A I L S T O T R A I L S A 4 9 0 5 0 6 3 , 8 7 8 . 6 4 - - (3 , 8 7 8 . 6 4 ) - 51 0 7 S A N D Y B E A C H B E N C H E S A 5 1 0 5 2 . 8 5 - - (2 . 8 5 ) - 52 0 6 W H I T E H A L L G A T E H O U S E A 5 2 0 5 3 , 9 6 1 . 1 7 - - (3 , 9 6 1 . 1 7 ) - FB R E S - E X P E N D I T U R E S - - - 1 , 8 7 3 , 7 3 6 . 0 0 1 , 8 7 3 , 7 3 6 . 0 0 FB R E S - O P E N S P A C E 8 9 0 , 3 8 3 . 6 1 - - ( 2 5 8 , 2 5 4 . 4 4 ) 6 3 2 , 1 2 9 . 1 7 FB R E S - H I S T O R I C R E S O U R C E S 3 8 2 , 1 8 2 . 6 7 - - 1 3 4 , 2 4 5 . 3 8 5 1 6 , 4 2 8 . 0 5 FB R E S - C O M M U N I T Y H O U S I N G 3 4 8 , 1 1 2 . 2 3 - - 1 1 1 , 3 1 0 . 0 0 4 5 9 , 4 2 2 . 2 3 FB R E S - P A S S I V E R E C R E A T I O N 4 9 2 , 6 0 0 . 9 4 - - ( 1 4 1 , 5 5 9 . 0 0 ) 3 5 1 , 0 4 1 . 9 4 FB R E S - P A S S I V E / A C T I V E R E C R E A T I O N 1 2 1 , 6 3 4 . 3 3 - - ( 2 9 9 , 2 1 8 . 9 3 ) ( 1 7 7 , 5 8 4 . 6 0 ) 24 0 0 C O M M U N I T Y P R E S E R V A T I O N F U N D 5 , 3 2 1 , 2 7 0 . 5 6 1 , 5 4 9 , 0 0 8 . 2 9 1 , 1 2 4 , 0 7 1 . 5 3 - 5 , 7 4 6 , 2 0 7 . 3 2 FE M A D P W F E M A R E I M B F G 1 6 2 , 7 1 2 . 4 2 - - ( 1 6 2 , 7 1 2 . 4 2 ) - 25 0 0 F E D E R A L G R A N T S F U N D 1 6 2 , 7 1 2 . 4 2 - - ( 1 6 2 , 7 1 2 . 4 2 ) - 14 2 1 7 2 0 1 7 9 4 - 1 4 2 T R A N S I T I O N 3 , 9 7 8 . 0 0 6 , 6 2 2 . 0 0 1 0 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 - EP I 1 7 2 0 1 7 E C S P E D P R O G R A M I M P 1 , 1 1 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 1 1 0 . 0 0 - LE A 1 7 2 0 1 7 L E A P I N C E N T I V E 3 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 0 0 . 0 0 - LE A 1 8 2 0 1 8 L E A P I N C E N T I V E - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - SE C 1 7 2 0 1 7 S P E D E A R L Y C H I L D H O O ( 3 , 3 5 6 . 5 2 ) 8 , 8 0 9 . 2 0 5 , 4 5 2 . 6 8 - SE C 1 8 2 0 1 8 S P E D E A R L Y C H I L D H O O - 2 0 , 8 7 9 . 0 0 2 0 , 8 7 9 . 0 0 - SID 1 7 2 0 1 7 S P E D I D E A 2 1 , 2 3 1 . 6 6 3 8 , 2 4 7 . 0 0 5 9 , 4 7 8 . 6 6 - SID 1 8 2 0 1 8 S P E D I D E A - 6 6 2 , 7 7 6 . 0 0 6 3 2 , 0 0 8 . 3 4 3 0 , 7 6 7 . 6 6 SP I 1 7 2 0 1 7 S P P R O G R A M I M P 1 , 8 6 7 . 3 7 7 , 1 5 8 . 0 0 9 , 0 2 5 . 3 7 ( 0 . 0 0 ) TI1 7 2 0 1 7 T I T L E 1 0 . 3 3 - 0 . 3 3 - TII 1 8 2 0 1 8 T I T L E I I A - 3 7 , 7 6 8 . 0 0 3 7 , 7 6 8 . 0 0 - 110 AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N FU N D B A L A N C E RE C E I P T S EX P E N D E D TR A N S F E R S BA L A N C E TIV 1 8 2 0 1 8 T I T L E I V - 1 , 4 6 3 . 0 0 1 , 4 6 3 . 0 0 - PR I O R Y E A R S - D E F I C I T S T O B E R A I S E D ( 3 1 , 7 9 7 . 7 8 ) - ( 1 0 2 . 2 8 ) ( 3 1 , 6 9 5 . 5 0 ) 25 5 0 F E D E R A L E D U C A T I O N G R A N T S ( 6 , 6 6 6 . 9 4 ) 7 8 8 , 7 2 2 . 2 0 7 8 2 , 9 8 3 . 1 0 - ( 9 2 7 . 8 4 ) 20 0 F D 2 0 0 F O U N D A T I O N S G 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 AC P S G A C P C O M P E T I T I V E D O E R S G 2 , 9 6 3 . 4 7 2 2 4 , 8 1 2 . 0 0 2 2 6 , 5 6 7 . 2 7 1 , 2 0 8 . 2 0 AH R E G A S H L A N D H O P K I N T O N R E G S G 1 8 , 7 8 3 . 8 0 - - 1 8 , 7 8 3 . 8 0 BP S E N B A Y P A T H S E N I O R S 1 , 5 1 8 . 5 0 - - 1 , 5 1 8 . 5 0 BP V R G B U L L E T P R O O F V E S T R E I M B 2 , 9 9 7 . 7 8 - - 2 , 9 9 7 . 7 8 CD A G C D A G E L M S T S E W E R S G 1 4 , 2 3 0 . 4 2 - - 1 4 , 2 3 0 . 4 2 CD A S G C O M M U N I T Y D E V E L O P M E N T A C 0 . 0 1 - - 0 . 0 1 CL E N G C L E A N E N E R G Y C H O I C E S G 4 5 . 2 3 - - 4 5 . 2 3 CM P C T C O M M U N I T Y C O M P A C T 6 , 0 8 7 . 2 8 - 4 , 2 2 9 . 5 0 1 , 8 5 7 . 7 8 CR E C Y C U R B S I D E R E C Y C L I N G S G 1 , 6 6 0 . 0 0 - - 1 , 6 6 0 . 0 0 CU L T C C U L T U R A L C O U N C I L S G 4 , 3 3 6 . 4 0 4 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 4 , 2 1 8 . 3 5 4 , 7 1 8 . 0 5 EL M F M E L M W O O D F A R M P R O J E C T S G 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 EM P L N E M E R G E N C Y P L A N N I N G S G ( 4 , 4 6 0 . 0 0 ) 8 , 7 3 1 . 7 0 4 , 2 7 1 . 7 0 0 . 0 0 EO E A F E O E A F O R M U L A S G - 1 8 , 7 5 0 . 0 0 1 8 , 7 5 0 . 0 0 - EO H E D E O H E D M A S S W O R K S I N F R A S T R U C T U (4 , 3 2 8 . 2 1 ) - 6 7 1 . 7 9 ( 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ) EO P S S P O L I C E E O P S S S G 7 9 , 7 3 5 . 4 3 - - 7 9 , 7 3 5 . 4 3 EV S G E A R L Y V O T I N G S G - - - - EX H R S E L E C T I O N E X T R A H R S S G 8 , 5 2 9 . 0 9 3 , 2 3 3 . 6 6 - 1 1 , 7 6 2 . 7 5 FS S S G F O R C E S O U T H S T R E E T S G 0 . 0 1 - - 0 . 0 1 GW C C G I R L S W H O C O D E C L U B - 3 0 0 . 0 0 2 8 7 . 6 4 1 2 . 3 6 M A P R P M A P R E S E R V A T I O N P R O J E C T - - - - M B L C M B L C C O N S T R U C T I O N G R A N T 7 , 6 0 1 . 2 9 9 0 6 , 7 1 6 . 0 0 9 0 6 , 7 1 6 . 0 0 7 , 6 0 1 . 2 9 M C O A M C O A S G 9 1 . 0 0 9 0 0 . 0 0 9 9 1 . 0 0 - PP U B S P O L I C E P U B L I C S A F E T Y S G 1 , 7 5 9 . 8 9 - - 1 , 7 5 9 . 8 9 SA L I B S T A T E A I D T O L I B R A R I E S S 1 2 4 , 7 5 1 . 4 6 1 6 , 0 0 0 . 6 0 1 4 , 1 9 3 . 1 4 1 2 6 , 5 5 8 . 9 2 SA S G S U B S T A N C E A B U S E S T A T E G R A 1 , 5 7 9 . 0 0 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 7 3 , 7 5 9 . 8 5 2 7 , 8 1 9 . 1 5 SA W A R S T U D E N T A W A R E N E S S F I R E 1 , 7 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 7 0 8 . 0 0 2 , 1 2 6 . 5 2 3 , 2 8 1 . 4 8 SC T R S G A F R I E N D S O F C O A K I T C H E 1 7 , 0 5 1 . 8 0 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 5 , 1 7 3 . 3 2 1 6 , 8 7 8 . 4 8 SE N S G S E N I O R S A F E S G 2 , 5 9 6 . 0 0 2 , 4 1 5 . 0 0 2 , 5 9 6 . 0 0 2 , 4 1 5 . 0 0 111 AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N FU N D B A L A N C E RE C E I P T S EX P E N D E D TR A N S F E R S BA L A N C E TH H S G T O W N H A L L H I S T O R I C S G 0 . 0 1 - - 0 . 0 1 UC R T U P P E R C H A R L E S R I V E R T A I L E X T - 5 0 , 9 3 2 . 4 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 9 3 2 . 4 0 W M E A S W E I G H T S A N D M E A S U R E S S G 8 , 2 0 2 . 7 8 3 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 1 , 8 0 2 . 7 8 26 0 0 S T A T E G R A N T S F U N D 6 9 8 , 9 3 2 . 4 4 1 , 3 6 9 , 6 9 9 . 3 6 1 , 3 3 4 , 5 5 2 . 0 8 - 7 3 4 , 0 7 9 . 7 2 HS M 1 6 2 0 1 6 H S M E T R O W E S T 3 , 1 4 9 . 6 2 6 9 , 5 9 5 . 3 0 7 2 , 3 1 0 . 0 0 4 3 4 . 9 2 M S M 1 4 M S M E T R O W E S T S G 1 , 4 4 4 . 4 1 7 3 , 1 8 1 . 6 7 7 2 , 3 2 8 . 3 7 2 , 2 9 7 . 7 1 26 5 0 S T A T E E D U C A T I O N G R A N T S F U N D 4 , 5 9 4 . 0 3 1 4 2 , 7 7 6 . 9 7 1 4 4 , 6 3 8 . 3 7 - 2 , 7 3 2 . 6 3 NO P R O J B O N D P R E M I U M S 7 7 9 , 8 5 7 . 3 3 1 5 , 2 1 2 . 6 6 - ( 7 6 4 , 7 0 1 . 2 2 ) 3 0 , 3 6 8 . 7 7 AR R A A M B U L A N C E R E C R E S A P P R O P 1 3 6 , 4 3 0 . 4 3 - - 9 0 9 , 1 1 7 . 1 0 1 , 0 4 5 , 5 4 7 . 5 3 CD R E F C O U N T Y D O G R E F U N D 5 , 8 8 0 . 0 0 - - ( 5 , 8 8 0 . 0 0 ) - CW E T L C C W E T L A N D S R E C R E S A P P R 3 8 , 4 7 9 . 3 5 1 7 , 1 5 2 . 5 0 1 9 , 5 4 7 . 3 7 3 6 , 0 8 4 . 4 8 SC L T S S A L E O F C E M E T E R Y L O T S 4 , 2 6 1 . 8 1 5 , 3 0 0 . 0 0 - 9 , 5 6 1 . 8 1 SW M E A S E L E C T M E N W E I G H T S M E A S U R 4 , 1 5 0 . 0 1 - - 4 , 1 5 0 . 0 1 27 0 0 R E C E I P T S R E S E R V E D A P P R O P 9 6 9 , 0 5 8 . 9 3 3 7 , 6 6 5 . 1 6 1 9 , 5 4 7 . 3 7 1 3 8 , 5 3 5 . 8 8 1 , 1 2 5 , 7 1 2 . 6 0 AF 5 3 E D E T A I L A D M I N I S T R A T I O N F E E S 3 4 , 6 8 8 . 0 0 1 0 , 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 , 0 1 0 . 0 0 ( 3 4 , 6 8 8 . 0 0 ) - BF 5 3 E B U I L D I N G F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 7 7 2 , 8 4 4 . 5 0 2 6 5 , 9 9 0 . 0 0 5 2 , 4 2 8 . 4 9 9 8 6 , 4 0 6 . 0 1 BH 5 3 E B O H F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 2 2 , 9 6 0 . 0 0 - - ( 2 2 , 9 6 0 . 0 0 ) - BH 5 3 G B O H C O N S U L T A N T S 5 3 G 5 , 4 9 4 . 5 7 - - 5 , 4 9 4 . 5 7 CC 5 3 E C O N S C O M M F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 6 7 , 1 4 5 . 0 1 7 5 , 2 5 2 . 3 7 6 8 , 0 4 8 . 6 5 7 4 , 3 4 8 . 7 3 CC 5 3 G C O N S C O M M 5 3 G 3 , 2 7 0 . 0 0 - - 3 , 2 7 0 . 0 0 CE 5 3 G C O N S C O M M E M E R A L D 5 3 G 2 5 5 . 6 2 - - 2 5 5 . 6 2 CR 5 3 I C E L E B R A T I O N S R E V O L V I N G 5 2 , 9 9 4 . 7 9 - - 2 , 9 9 4 . 7 9 EM 5 3 E E M E R G M E D S V C S F E E S 5 3 E 1 4 6 6 , 2 3 4 . 7 7 5 9 4 , 5 3 4 . 3 1 1 4 1 , 6 5 1 . 9 8 ( 9 1 9 , 1 1 7 . 1 0 ) - FC L 2 0 F A C I N S R E I M B U N D E R $ 2 0 K 4 , 7 6 6 . 0 0 1 2 4 , 4 5 4 . 0 3 1 3 6 , 4 7 9 . 8 9 ( 7 , 2 5 9 . 8 6 ) FF 5 3 E F I N G E R P R I N T I N G 5 3 E 1 / 2 - 7 0 . 0 0 7 0 . 0 0 FH 5 3 E F I R E H A Z M A T F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 ( 1 , 6 3 0 . 7 8 ) 1 5 , 7 2 4 . 0 1 1 5 , 7 2 4 . 0 1 ( 1 , 6 3 0 . 7 8 ) FL T 2 0 F I R E I N S R E I M B U N D E R $ 2 0 4 7 1 . 6 6 6 , 4 5 9 . 1 4 6 , 9 3 0 . 8 0 - HL T 2 0 H W Y I N S R E I M B U N D E R $ 1 5 0 K - 2 0 , 3 9 6 . 0 0 - 2 0 , 3 9 6 . 0 0 HW 5 3 E H W Y F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 3 , 4 1 8 . 4 6 5 , 2 2 5 . 0 0 5 , 0 5 0 . 0 0 ( 3 , 5 9 3 . 4 6 ) - HW 5 3 G H I G H W A Y C O N S U L T A N T S 5 3 G 3 , 8 9 3 . 5 9 - 3 , 8 9 3 . 5 9 - 112 AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N FU N D B A L A N C E RE C E I P T S EX P E N D E D TR A N S F E R S BA L A N C E LB 5 3 E L I B L O S T M A T F I N E S 5 3 E 1 / 7 . 4 2 6 , 7 5 7 . 9 3 6 , 3 0 0 . 4 4 ( 7 . 4 2 ) 4 5 7 . 4 9 LL T 2 0 L I B I N S R E I M B U N D E R $ 2 0 K 2 , 4 3 9 . 0 8 - - 2 , 4 3 9 . 0 8 LU T 2 0 L A N D U S E I N S R E I M B U N D E R 1 , 1 5 4 . 5 4 - - 1 , 1 5 4 . 5 4 OS P R F O P E N S P A C E P R E S F D R E V F 3 7 , 1 6 7 . 8 1 - - ( 3 7 , 1 6 7 . 8 1 ) - PB 5 3 E P L A N N I N G B O A R D F E E S 5 3 E 1 6 , 0 4 3 . 2 4 1 0 8 , 0 5 0 . 0 0 9 2 , 9 1 3 . 2 7 ( 9 , 5 4 4 . 5 2 ) 1 1 , 6 3 5 . 4 5 PB 5 3 G P L A N N I N G B O A R D C O N S 5 3 G 2 6 6 , 5 3 6 . 7 6 ( 6 , 8 8 1 . 0 9 ) 5 6 , 8 1 8 . 3 9 2 0 2 , 8 3 7 . 2 8 PF 5 3 E P O L I C E F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 5 8 0 . 0 0 - - ( 5 8 0 . 0 0 ) - PG 5 3 E P L U M B I N G G A S F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 1 5 7 , 0 7 5 . 3 7 6 0 , 4 0 0 . 0 0 5 5 , 2 3 3 . 3 9 1 6 2 , 2 4 1 . 9 8 PL T 2 0 P D I N S R E I M B U N D E R $ 2 0 K 2 , 1 6 9 . 9 2 - - 2 , 1 6 9 . 9 2 RF 5 3 E R E C Y C L I N G F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 1 5 , 6 1 5 . 5 6 2 , 3 4 8 . 0 0 5 3 1 . 2 5 ( 1 7 , 4 3 2 . 3 1 ) - RR 5 3 D R E C R E A T I O N R E V O L V I N G - 6 4 , 2 5 8 . 5 0 6 4 , 2 5 8 . 5 0 - SC 5 3 E S E N I O R C E N T E R P R O G R A M S 1 6 , 0 2 5 . 1 9 4 5 , 6 8 9 . 0 0 3 8 , 9 0 3 . 0 6 2 2 , 8 1 1 . 1 3 SD R F D S E N I O R D I S A B L E D R E V F D 2 1 , 1 0 0 . 7 5 1 8 , 3 4 4 . 0 0 1 0 , 8 0 0 . 0 0 2 8 , 6 4 4 . 7 5 SL T 2 0 S E L I N S R E I M B U N D E R $ 2 0 K 1 1 , 5 6 7 . 4 4 - - 1 1 , 5 6 7 . 4 4 SW L 2 0 S E W E R I N S R E I M B U N D E R $ 2 - - - - W C 5 3 E W C D T R A S H B A G F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 1 5 , 8 5 0 . 0 0 1 3 , 7 5 0 . 0 0 - ( 2 9 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 ) - W F 5 3 E W I R I N G F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 1 2 2 , 3 1 1 . 9 3 9 4 , 7 3 8 . 0 0 6 0 , 6 1 0 . 5 8 1 5 6 , 4 3 9 . 3 5 ZB 5 3 E Z O N I N G B O A F E E S 5 3 E 1 / 2 4 1 , 3 0 0 . 3 5 8 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 4 2 4 . 0 0 ( 4 8 , 3 7 6 . 3 5 ) - ZB 5 3 G Z O N I N G B O A C O N S U L T A N T S 5 1 3 , 3 7 4 . 8 5 3 , 9 5 0 . 0 0 5 , 0 9 0 . 0 0 1 2 , 2 3 4 . 8 5 28 0 0 R E V O L V I N G F U N D S 2 , 1 1 7 , 1 2 6 . 4 0 1 , 5 3 8 , 0 1 9 . 2 0 8 3 3 , 1 0 0 . 2 9 ( 1 , 1 2 3 , 0 6 6 . 9 7 ) 1 , 6 9 8 , 9 7 8 . 3 4 AD E D A D U L T E D U C A T I O N R E V O L V I N G 2 9 , 7 0 7 . 0 1 1 , 0 5 0 . 0 0 1 , 2 7 3 . 1 4 2 9 , 4 8 3 . 8 7 AT H L E A T H L E T I C R E V O L V I N G H S 1 3 , 8 3 3 . 8 4 2 1 3 , 5 0 6 . 0 0 1 7 5 , 3 5 7 . 7 8 5 1 , 9 8 2 . 0 6 BL D G B U I L D I N G U S E R E V O L V I N G 4 1 , 2 5 0 . 6 6 1 8 4 , 5 7 9 . 5 0 1 1 8 , 7 9 7 . 6 1 1 0 7 , 0 3 2 . 5 5 BU S B U S F E E S R E V O L V I N G 5 0 0 , 1 5 6 . 6 2 1 7 8 , 8 5 2 . 3 0 2 5 3 , 6 5 6 . 1 0 4 2 5 , 3 5 2 . 8 2 CB S C I R C U I T B R E A K E R S P E D R E V O L 2 7 1 , 9 5 1 . 0 0 4 1 1 , 4 8 7 . 0 0 5 9 1 , 0 2 0 . 4 9 9 2 , 4 1 7 . 5 1 DR A H S D R A M A R E V O L V I N G H S 1 6 , 8 2 5 . 8 1 9 , 5 9 8 . 8 1 1 0 , 2 4 0 . 0 9 1 6 , 1 8 4 . 5 3 DR A M S D R A M A R E V O L V I N G M S 3 4 , 2 0 9 . 4 1 1 2 , 3 5 2 . 9 8 1 9 , 4 5 2 . 7 5 2 7 , 1 0 9 . 6 4 LB C T R L O S T B O O K S R E V O L V I N G C T R 1 , 0 3 9 . 7 4 1 8 4 . 0 0 - 1 , 2 2 3 . 7 4 LB E L M L O S T B O O K S R E V O L V I N G E L M 1 , 4 2 8 . 9 8 4 4 2 . 8 4 - 1 , 8 7 1 . 8 2 LB H O P L O S T B O O K S R E V O L V I N G H O P 2 , 2 5 0 . 3 7 9 6 . 6 3 - 2 , 3 4 7 . 0 0 LB H S L O S T B O O K S R E V O L V I N G H S 3 , 0 1 6 . 4 7 1 , 4 7 1 . 4 7 5 9 2 . 3 5 3 , 8 9 5 . 5 9 LB M S L O S T B O O K S R E V O L V I N G M S 3 , 2 2 1 . 1 6 4 0 6 . 9 5 - 3 , 6 2 8 . 1 1 113 AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N FU N D B A L A N C E RE C E I P T S EX P E N D E D TR A N S F E R S BA L A N C E LT 5 3 E L A P T O P I N I T 5 3 E 1 / 2 H S 2 8 8 , 5 5 4 . 6 1 2 8 6 , 4 7 2 . 3 2 2 6 9 , 2 0 7 . 3 2 3 0 5 , 8 1 9 . 6 1 PK H S P A R K I N G R E V O L V I N G H S 6 5 , 3 3 7 . 7 0 4 1 , 9 9 5 . 0 0 4 9 , 3 6 2 . 5 6 5 7 , 9 7 0 . 1 4 SC H O S C H O O L C H O I C E R E V O L V I N G 8 5 . 8 0 - - 8 5 . 8 0 SL T 2 0 S E L I N S R E I M B U N D E R $ 2 0 K 4 , 6 3 3 . 5 5 2 , 2 2 2 . 8 1 4 , 4 5 5 . 9 0 2 , 4 0 0 . 4 6 TIN T L T U I T I O N I N T S T U D R E V O L V I 3 7 9 , 2 6 3 . 9 7 3 2 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 4 3 , 4 2 1 . 6 7 4 5 7 , 8 4 2 . 3 0 TP R E K T U I T I O N P R E K R E V O L V I N G 1 6 5 , 3 9 2 . 7 4 1 4 4 , 0 6 0 . 0 0 1 6 9 , 3 8 0 . 9 5 1 4 0 , 0 7 1 . 7 9 28 5 0 R E V O L V I N G F U N D S E D U C A T I O N 1 , 8 2 2 , 1 5 9 . 4 4 1 , 8 1 0 , 7 7 8 . 6 1 1 , 9 0 6 , 2 1 8 . 7 1 - 1 , 7 2 6 , 7 1 9 . 3 4 AC E G A A S S E S S O R S C O M P E Q U I P G A 1 , 2 1 0 . 6 2 - - 1 , 2 1 0 . 6 2 AP G A A U X I L I A R Y P O L I C E G A 3 , 7 8 0 . 0 0 - - 3 , 7 8 0 . 0 0 BA A G A B A A F U N D S G A 4 9 , 6 9 5 . 3 2 1 2 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 1 3 7 , 9 8 6 . 8 7 3 3 , 2 0 8 . 4 5 BE D G A B O S T O N E D I S O N G A 7 6 0 . 0 0 - - 7 6 0 . 0 0 CK D G A C O O K I E K U M L I M D O U G H G A 3 , 6 1 0 . 0 0 - - 3 , 6 1 0 . 0 0 CM P G A H O M E C O M P O S T I N G B I N S G A 1 , 1 3 5 . 0 0 - - 1 , 1 3 5 . 0 0 CP C G A C O M M U N I T Y P R E S E R V A T I O N C 8 7 0 . 1 0 - - 8 7 0 . 1 0 CP I G A C O M C A S T P E G / I N E T G A 1 0 , 7 1 7 . 0 0 - - 1 0 , 7 1 7 . 0 0 CT I F C O M M T R A N S P O R T A T I O N I M P R O V E M E - 8 3 7 . 3 0 - 8 3 7 . 3 0 DP R G A D A R E P R O G R A M G A 6 , 3 7 0 . 8 4 1 5 . 0 0 - 6 , 3 8 5 . 8 4 ED A G A E N E R G Y D E S I G N A S S I S T A N C E - 2 8 , 6 0 5 . 0 0 1 , 8 1 8 . 8 0 2 6 , 7 8 6 . 2 0 ED T G A E D U C A T I O N A N D T R A I N I N G G 1 4 7 . 0 0 - - 1 4 7 . 0 0 EM C G A E M C C O R P G A 2 , 3 3 5 . 0 0 - - 2 , 3 3 5 . 0 0 EM R G A E M C W E S T M A I N S T R A M P G A 1 4 , 5 5 5 . 4 9 - - 1 4 , 5 5 5 . 4 9 EM S G A E M S G I F T A C C O U N T 1 8 , 8 5 9 . 9 3 2 , 8 6 5 . 0 0 - 2 1 , 7 2 4 . 9 3 FD G A F R I E N D S D E P O T G I F T A C C O U N 4 , 6 1 4 . 8 8 - - 4 , 6 1 4 . 8 8 FD R G A F I R E D E P T R A D I O S G A 3 2 7 . 0 0 - - 3 2 7 . 0 0 FF G A F R I E N D S F O U N T A I N G I F T A C C 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 FO C G A F R I E N D S O F C O M M O N G A 1 3 , 6 1 3 . 3 0 - - 1 3 , 6 1 3 . 3 0 FS D G A F A R M S I T E D I S T A N C E G A 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 GB S G A G E O R G E V B R O W N S C U L P T G A 3 , 9 3 9 . 0 0 - - 3 , 9 3 9 . 0 0 HC A 5 H O S T C O M M U N I T Y A G R E E M E N T 3 7 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 HC B G A H E A D O F C H A R L E S B A L G A 9 2 . 9 2 - - 9 2 . 9 2 HC C G A H O P K I N T O N C H A M B E R C O M M G 1 2 5 . 0 0 - - 1 2 5 . 0 0 HC E G A H O P K I N T O N C O M M E N D O W M G A 8 0 . 0 0 - - 8 0 . 0 0 114 AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N FU N D B A L A N C E RE C E I P T S EX P E N D E D TR A N S F E R S BA L A N C E HC T G A H I S T C O M M T R E A S U R E S G A 5 5 5 . 9 2 - - 5 5 5 . 9 2 HF D G A H I G G I N S F A R M D E T E N T I O N G 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 HL M G A H O P K I N T O N L I B M O M S C L U B 1 , 7 5 7 . 5 0 - 4 4 3 . 1 8 1 , 3 1 4 . 3 2 HM G A H O P K I N T O N M A R A T H O N G A 3 , 9 0 0 . 0 0 - - 3 , 9 0 0 . 0 0 HP L F H O P K I N T O N L I B R A R Y F O U N D A T I O N - 4 4 3 , 9 5 6 . 0 0 - 4 4 3 , 9 5 6 . 0 0 HY C G A H O P K I N T O N Y O U T H C O M M G A 1 0 3 . 3 7 - - 1 0 3 . 3 7 JP M G A J O E P R A T T M E M O R I A L G A 5 6 0 . 0 0 - - 5 6 0 . 0 0 LB F G A L I B R A R Y B U I L D I N G F U N D G A 1 4 1 . 0 0 - - 1 4 1 . 0 0 LG A L I B R A R Y G A 8 , 1 7 1 . 8 6 5 , 9 4 5 . 0 0 1 , 3 4 5 . 9 5 1 2 , 7 7 0 . 9 1 M E W S H O P K I N T O N M E W S 9 2 9 , 3 6 9 . 6 0 - - 9 2 9 , 3 6 9 . 6 0 M W H F M E T R O W E S T H E A L T H F O U N D A T N 2 , 3 7 4 . 7 9 - - 2 , 3 7 4 . 7 9 OB F G A O ' B R I E N F I R E G I F T - 8 1 , 1 5 7 . 6 0 - 8 1 , 1 5 7 . 6 0 OB P G A O ' B R I E N P O L I C E G I F T - 8 1 , 1 5 7 . 6 0 5 3 , 7 3 7 . 4 5 2 7 , 4 2 0 . 1 5 OP S G A O F F I C E R P H I L S C H S A F E T Y 1 , 4 2 4 . 3 6 - 2 2 6 . 9 5 1 , 1 9 7 . 4 1 PA L G A P A U L A N N U N Z I A T A L I B R A R Y 9 , 8 6 2 . 0 6 - - 9 , 8 6 2 . 0 6 PC 3 5 K G A P E L O Q U I N U N R E S T R I C T E D 3 4 , 2 1 2 . 6 9 - - 3 4 , 2 1 2 . 6 9 PC 4 K G A P E L O Q U I N N U T R I T I O N 1 , 8 9 2 . 7 5 - - 1 , 8 9 2 . 7 5 PD R G A P E L O Q U I N D A R E G A 3 , 7 8 0 . 6 1 - - 3 , 7 8 0 . 6 1 PF G A P E L O Q U I N F I R E G A 7 , 9 8 2 . 7 5 - - 7 , 9 8 2 . 7 5 PL G A P E L O Q U I N L I B R A R Y G A 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 PO L G A P O L I C E D E P A R T M E N T G A 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 , 6 0 0 . 0 0 PP G A P E L O Q U I N P O L I C E G A 1 9 , 7 1 0 . 1 7 - - 1 9 , 7 1 0 . 1 7 PR G A P A R K S R E C R E A T I O N G A E X P 8 , 2 2 5 . 0 0 - - 8 , 2 2 5 . 0 0 RE C H R E C H O P K I N T O N D E V E L O P E R A 5 0 , 1 7 4 . 4 5 1 , 8 3 6 . 6 9 - 5 2 , 0 1 1 . 1 4 RE C W M H O P K I N T O N L L C W E S T M A I N S T R E E T - 1 1 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 8 , 0 3 2 . 0 0 9 3 , 9 6 8 . 0 0 RP G A R O A D P R O J E C T A C C O U N T 2 3 1 , 6 4 0 . 7 1 - 1 2 5 , 3 9 0 . 7 1 1 0 6 , 2 5 0 . 0 0 RP S G A R P H I P P S M E M S C H O L A R S G A 4 2 6 . 6 7 - - 4 2 6 . 6 7 SC E G A G A F R I E N D S O F C O A P R O G R A 1 2 , 5 2 5 . 0 0 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 , 8 1 5 . 0 0 1 0 , 7 1 0 . 0 0 SC G A G A S E N I O R C E N T E R 4 , 0 6 1 . 6 8 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 9 , 0 6 1 . 6 8 SF G A S T A N T O N F O U N D A T I O N D O G P A R K - 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 SW M G A S E A L E R W T S M E A S U R E S G A 3 2 3 . 4 5 - - 3 2 3 . 4 5 TF T G A T R A C K F I E L D S T R A F F I C G A 1 , 4 4 4 . 6 5 - - 1 , 4 4 4 . 6 5 TG A T R E E G A 1 , 0 5 0 . 0 0 - - 1 , 0 5 0 . 0 0 115 AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N FU N D B A L A N C E RE C E I P T S EX P E N D E D TR A N S F E R S BA L A N C E TN H C A T R A I L N E T W O R K H C A 1 8 7 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 5 6 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 2 0 , 9 3 2 . 4 0 7 2 9 , 0 6 7 . 6 0 TR G A T R E E R E P L I C A T I O N G A 5 , 0 6 0 . 0 0 - - 5 , 0 6 0 . 0 0 UU H C A U N D E R G R O U N D U T I L I T I E S H C A 1 8 7 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 5 6 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - 7 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 VM G A V E T E R A N S M E M O R I A L G A 5 9 0 . 0 0 - - 5 9 0 . 0 0 VP I G A V E R I Z O N P E G / I N E T G A 1 , 7 7 7 . 3 4 - - 1 , 7 7 7 . 3 4 W D H G A W A T E R H Y D R A N T G A 4 3 2 . 0 0 - - 4 3 2 . 0 0 W E L G A W E L L N E S S G I F T A C C O U N T 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 W H O P B W H I T E O A K S P B R E L T O W N G 1 9 1 . 4 4 - - 1 9 1 . 4 4 W P G A W E T L A N D S P R O T E C T I O N G A 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 29 0 0 O T H E R S P E C I A L R E V E N U E S F U N D 2 , 2 7 3 , 5 6 0 . 2 2 3 , 1 6 9 , 9 7 5 . 1 9 3 7 1 , 7 2 9 . 3 1 - 5 , 0 7 1 , 8 0 6 . 1 0 CO G A C E N T R A L O F F I C E G A 1 9 0 , 6 0 5 . 6 1 2 6 , 0 9 7 . 1 8 1 6 7 , 7 3 6 . 8 6 4 8 , 9 6 5 . 9 3 CT R G A C E N T E R S C H O O L G A 1 6 , 3 6 1 . 2 0 1 , 3 9 1 . 7 8 1 , 4 4 4 . 3 0 1 6 , 3 0 8 . 6 8 EL M G A E L M W O O D S C H O O L G A 1 5 , 5 1 4 . 9 4 1 2 , 1 4 7 . 8 1 1 9 , 3 2 9 . 8 0 8 , 3 3 2 . 9 5 HE G G A H O P K I N T O N E D U C F O U N D G A 7 0 9 . 4 9 - - 7 0 9 . 4 9 HM A G A H O P K I N T O N M U S I C A S S O C G A 1 3 5 . 0 0 - - 1 3 5 . 0 0 HO P G A H O P K I N S S C H O O L G A 2 1 , 6 4 3 . 5 5 2 6 , 3 5 1 . 8 9 1 5 , 7 3 6 . 7 9 3 2 , 2 5 8 . 6 5 HS G A H I G H S C H O O L G A 2 0 , 0 7 4 . 7 5 1 0 5 , 3 8 1 . 0 8 7 2 , 8 7 6 . 5 2 5 2 , 5 7 9 . 3 1 M S G A M I D D L E S C H O O L G A 3 3 , 8 3 2 . 5 0 3 0 , 1 6 7 . 8 3 2 5 , 3 1 6 . 7 5 3 8 , 6 8 3 . 5 8 PT A G A H O P K I N T O N P T A G A 5 6 . 6 1 - - 5 6 . 6 1 29 5 0 O T H E R S P E C R E V E D U C A T I O N 2 9 8 , 9 3 3 . 6 5 2 0 1 , 5 3 7 . 5 7 3 0 2 , 4 4 1 . 0 2 - 1 9 8 , 0 3 0 . 2 0 NO P R O J N O P R O J E C T 9 4 , 0 4 0 . 6 5 5 2 , 3 3 7 . 6 8 5 3 , 6 5 1 . 8 0 9 2 , 7 2 6 . 5 3 UN D E S I G N A T E D F U N D B A L A N C E 4 6 0 , 7 5 3 . 3 4 - - ( 7 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ) 3 8 1 , 7 5 3 . 3 4 29 9 0 T I T L E V S E P T I C L O A N P R O G 5 5 4 , 7 9 3 . 9 9 5 2 , 3 3 7 . 6 8 5 3 , 6 5 1 . 8 0 ( 7 9 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 ) 4 7 4 , 4 7 9 . 8 7 07 B 1 5 T P A Y G O C R U I S E R S 2 , 0 3 2 . 2 7 2 , 0 3 2 . 2 7 - 07 C 1 5 T P A Y G O C A R D I A C M O N I T O R 1 , 9 8 6 . 5 0 - 1 , 9 8 6 . 5 0 07 D 1 5 T P A Y G O P U B L I C S A F E T Y D I S 1 6 , 2 5 0 . 0 0 7 , 5 8 4 . 3 5 8 , 6 6 5 . 6 5 07 E 1 5 T P A Y G O U P G R A D E R O A D W A Y L 1 6 8 , 2 6 0 . 1 6 1 2 2 , 6 6 1 . 9 6 4 5 , 5 9 8 . 2 0 07 F 1 5 T P A Y G O S N O W D U M P C L E A N U P 1 2 8 , 0 8 7 . 5 0 7 , 3 3 4 . 3 4 1 2 0 , 7 5 3 . 1 6 07 H 1 5 T P A Y G O E L M W O O D F A R M P A R K 2 2 , 8 9 6 . 3 1 2 , 1 2 3 . 7 3 2 0 , 7 7 2 . 5 8 07 I 1 5 T P A Y G O P O L I C E D E P T P K G L 7 2 , 1 3 2 . 3 2 7 2 , 1 3 2 . 3 2 - 116 AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N FU N D B A L A N C E RE C E I P T S EX P E N D E D TR A N S F E R S BA L A N C E 07 J 1 5 T P A Y G O F R U I T S T A Q U I F E R 7 5 0 . 0 0 7 5 0 . 0 0 - 07 K 1 5 T P A Y G O W H I T E H A L L T E S T W E 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 13 A 1 6 T P A Y G O H I G H W A Y F 3 5 0 P I C K 1 , 1 2 1 . 5 4 - 1 , 1 2 1 . 5 4 13 B 1 6 T P A Y G O F I R E A P P A R A T U S V E 4 7 . 7 4 2 9 . 9 9 1 7 . 7 5 13 C 1 6 T P A Y G O I T E Q U I P M E N T R E P L 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 6 8 , 3 1 0 . 3 6 3 1 , 6 8 9 . 6 4 14 A 1 4 T P A Y G O R E S C U E 1 E Q U I P 1 , 2 7 9 . 7 0 1 , 2 7 9 . 7 0 - 14 B 1 0 T P A Y G O A D A C O M P L I A N C E A 1 6 , 5 3 3 . 6 4 - 6 , 5 3 3 . 6 4 14 B 1 4 T P A Y G O C R U I S E R S A 1 4 B 2 0 1 4 7 , 9 6 2 . 4 4 7 , 9 6 2 . 4 4 - 14 I 1 4 T P A Y G O R E P A I R P R O K E E F E 3 2 , 0 9 5 . 5 1 - 3 2 , 0 9 5 . 5 1 28 1 6 T P A Y G O H I S T O R I C A L S I T E S I 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 6 , 2 9 7 . 7 9 8 , 7 0 2 . 2 1 19 A 1 7 V E H I C L E F O R D E X P L O R E R - 4 0 , 9 2 6 . 0 0 4 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 7 4 . 0 0 19 B 1 7 R E P A I R L A K E M A S P E N O C K D A M - - 1 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 19 C 1 7 H A Y D E N R O W E D R A I N A G E P I P E - - 9 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 9 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 19 D 1 7 P O L I C E V E H I C L E S R E P L A C E M E N T - 7 9 , 4 6 8 . 0 0 7 9 , 4 6 8 . 0 0 - 19 E 1 7 G A R A G E D O O R R E P L A C E M E N T - - 7 0 , 1 4 0 . 0 0 7 0 , 1 4 0 . 0 0 19 F 1 7 A C C E S S C O N T R O L S Y S T E M - 5 7 , 2 3 9 . 0 0 5 7 , 2 3 9 . 0 0 - 19 G 1 7 C A M E R A S A T F I R E S T A T I O N - 1 4 , 8 1 4 . 1 8 3 9 , 7 5 4 . 0 0 2 4 , 9 3 9 . 8 2 19 H 1 7 D E S K T O P S / L A P T O P S R E P L A C E M E N T - 1 1 , 0 9 0 . 3 6 3 4 , 9 2 1 . 0 0 2 3 , 8 3 0 . 6 4 30 0 2 T O W N P A Y G O C A P I T A L 6 1 1 , 4 3 5 . 6 3 - 5 0 2 , 0 3 6 . 7 9 5 2 2 , 5 2 2 . 0 0 6 3 1 , 9 2 0 . 8 4 15 1 4 L I B R A R Y C O N S T R U C T I O N 2 , 0 5 9 , 0 7 8 . 3 2 1 9 2 , 3 3 8 . 6 5 2 , 8 1 1 , 8 8 3 . 7 5 - ( 5 6 0 , 4 6 6 . 7 8 ) 15 1 5 D P W F A C I L I T Y 2 , 0 4 6 , 3 2 4 . 1 1 4 , 1 1 2 , 8 5 1 . 0 6 6 , 1 5 9 , 1 7 5 . 1 7 - - 15 1 6 S I D E W A L K M A S T E R P L A N 1 3 2 , 8 8 8 . 5 0 - - - 1 3 2 , 8 8 8 . 5 0 15 2 5 J O I N T S A F E T Y & S E C U R I T Y 4 7 1 . 0 0 - - - 4 7 1 . 0 0 16 1 3 I N T F I N M G T S Y S A 1 6 0 5 1 3 ( 2 9 9 , 9 6 5 . 9 1 ) - - 2 9 9 , 9 6 6 . 2 4 0 . 3 3 16 1 4 S I D E W A L K C O N S T R U C T & R E H A 2 9 5 , 4 5 8 . 1 1 - 2 6 2 , 8 0 6 . 0 6 - 3 2 , 6 5 2 . 0 5 16 1 6 F I R E R E S C U E 1 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 17 1 6 F I R E L A D D E R T R U C K 4 9 . 8 3 - - - 4 9 . 8 3 18 1 1 C U L V E R T W E S T S T A 1 8 0 5 1 1 5 1 , 7 4 0 . 4 4 - - ( 5 1 , 7 4 0 . 4 4 ) - 18 1 3 J O I N T I T T E L W I R I N G T H A 1 7 5 8 . 2 4 - - ( 7 5 8 . 2 4 ) - 18 1 6 M A I N F I R E S T A T I O N R O O F A 1 5,0 0 4 . 4 3 - - - 5 , 0 0 4 . 4 3 19 1 6 D U M P T R U C K 2 3 2 . 0 0 - - - 2 3 2 . 0 0 20 1 7 H V A C S Y S T E M F I R E S T A T I O N - 5 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 5 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 117 AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N FU N D B A L A N C E RE C E I P T S EX P E N D E D TR A N S F E R S BA L A N C E 23 1 3 D R A I N A G E P O L S T A T A 2 3 0 5 1 3 9 , 2 4 2 . 8 0 - 9 , 2 4 2 . 8 0 - - 23 1 5 J O I N T I N F O R M A T I O N T E C H N O L O G Y 1 7 , 1 9 1 . 1 1 - 1 7 , 1 9 1 . 1 1 - - 24 1 7 H A Y D E N R O W E T R A F F I C C A L M I N G - 1 , 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 0 , 2 9 7 . 1 8 - 9 3 9 , 7 0 2 . 8 2 24 9 6 F I R E S T A T A D D A 2 4 0 5 9 6 4 7 1 . 2 9 - - ( 4 7 1 . 2 9 ) - 25 0 2 D P W B L D G A & E A 2 5 0 5 0 2 5 , 2 5 6 . 8 8 - - - 5 , 2 5 6 . 8 8 25 1 3 A D A T O W N / S C H O O L S A 2 5 0 5 1 3 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - - 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 26 1 7 D P W S A L T S H E D - 2 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 5 2 , 4 0 9 . 5 2 - 7 , 5 9 0 . 4 8 26 1 2 A D A O C P H A S E V I A 2 6 0 5 1 2 5 , 7 2 5 . 4 0 - - - 5 , 7 2 5 . 4 0 26 1 3 D R A I N L A K E S H R D R A 2 6 0 5 1 3 2 3 , 6 4 6 . 8 5 - - ( 2 3 , 6 4 6 . 8 5 ) - 29 1 3 D U M P T R U C K A 2 9 0 5 1 3 4 6 9 . 0 6 - - ( 4 6 9 . 0 6 ) - 30 1 2 R E C O N F I G U R E F I R E E N G I N E 4 , 9 3 4 . 9 1 - 4 , 9 3 4 . 9 1 - - 30 1 3 T R A C K L E S S T R A C T A 3 0 0 5 1 3 5 4 5 . 2 8 - - ( 5 4 5 . 2 8 ) - 32 1 1 C O M M C T R L V E H A 3 2 0 5 1 1 1 5 5 . 5 3 - - ( 1 5 5 . 5 3 ) - 34 1 3 S T A B N M I L L S T S L O P E A 3 4 0 5 1 0 , 2 4 3 . 2 0 - - ( 1 0 , 2 4 3 . 2 0 ) - 39 1 3 T H R O O F D S B I D D C S A 3 9 0 5 1 1 2 5 . 0 5 - - ( 1 2 5 . 0 5 ) - 43 1 5 P R O P E R T Y A C Q U I S I T I O N 1 3 5 7 , 8 1 0 . 3 0 - - ( 7 , 8 1 0 . 3 0 ) - 47 0 9 S P R I N G S T D R A I N A G E A 4 7 0 5 0 1 , 8 1 2 . 6 1 - - ( 1 , 8 1 2 . 6 1 ) - 31 0 0 C A P I T A L P R O J E C T S F U N D 5 , 0 2 9 , 6 6 9 . 3 4 6 , 1 4 0 , 1 8 9 . 7 1 1 0 , 1 2 7 , 9 4 0 . 5 0 2 0 2 , 1 8 8 . 3 9 1 , 2 4 4 , 1 0 6 . 9 4 13 F 1 6 S P A Y G O H O P K I N S B O I L E R R E P L 1 5 2 . 4 5 - - - 1 5 2 . 4 5 13 G 1 6 S P A Y G O M I D D L E S C W A T E R H E A T E R 2 4 , 7 0 0 . 0 0 - 2 4 , 7 0 0 . 0 0 - - 13 J 1 6 S P A Y G O T R A C T O R R E P L A C E M E N T 3 4 2 . 0 0 - - - 3 4 2 . 0 0 13 H 1 6 S P A Y G O H S A T H S C O R E B O A R D R E P L 2 , 1 2 5 . 4 8 - - - 2 , 1 2 5 . 4 8 13 K 1 6 S P A Y G O M S H S B L E A C H E R U P G R A D E 1 2 , 0 8 2 . 6 8 - - - 1 2 , 0 8 2 . 6 8 14 C 1 4 S P A Y G O B & G T R U C K S 4 3 5 . 0 0 - - - 4 3 5 . 0 0 14 F 1 4 S P A Y G O M I D D L E S C H F I R E A L A R M 5 , 4 3 5 . 7 4 - - - 5 , 4 3 5 . 7 4 14 G 1 4 S P A Y G O J T I N F O R M A T I O N T E C H 6 2 2 . 8 4 - - - 6 2 2 . 8 4 21 1 4 S P A Y G O E V A L U A T I O N S C H O O L R O O F S 1 1 , 4 8 0 . 0 0 - - - 1 1 , 4 8 0 . 0 0 19 I 1 7 B L D G & G R O U N D S E Q U I P M E N T - - 2 9 , 1 0 0 . 0 0 3 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 9 0 0 . 0 0 19 J 1 7 S Y S T E M W I D E T E C H N O L O G Y U P G R A D E - - 7 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 7 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 19 K 1 7 S Y S T E M W I D E S E C U R I T Y U P G R A D E S - - 9 8 , 5 0 6 . 0 0 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 4 9 4 . 0 0 19 L 1 7 H O P K I N S H V A C A S S E S S M T / U P G R A D E - - - 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 40 0 8 S C H O O L S P A Y G O C A P I T A L 5 7 , 3 7 6 . 1 9 - 2 2 2 , 3 0 6 . 0 0 3 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 6 0 , 0 7 0 . 1 9 118 AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N FU N D B A L A N C E RE C E I P T S EX P E N D E D TR A N S F E R S BA L A N C E 01 1 2 E L M W O O D R O O F A 0 1 1 1 1 2 3 , 2 4 8 . 0 2 - - ( 3 , 2 4 8 . 0 2 ) - 01 1 5 S S C H O O L B U I L D I N G P R O J E C T 2 , 3 6 2 , 6 4 4 . 7 4 2 6 , 4 5 4 , 2 8 3 . 9 2 2 6 , 7 5 9 , 8 1 5 . 8 9 - 2 , 0 5 7 , 1 1 2 . 7 7 14 D 1 4 B U I L D I N G & G R O U N D S C E I L I 2 0 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - - 2 0 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 15 2 7 H I G H S C H O O L & H O P K I N S R O O 1 2 7 , 7 8 6 . 5 2 - - - 1 2 7 , 7 8 6 . 5 2 17 1 3 C T R S C H A R C A N D E N G A 1 7 0 5 5 4 , 9 0 1 . 9 1 - - ( 5 4 , 9 0 1 . 9 1 ) - 21 1 3 H O P L O O P R D M A I N E N T A 2 1 0 0 . 4 3 - - ( 0 . 4 3 ) - 22 1 3 T R A C T O R M O W E R A 2 2 0 5 1 3 1 . 8 1 - - ( 1 . 8 1 ) - 22 1 4 S C H O O L S A F E T Y U P G R A D E S A 2 2 , 9 6 5 . 0 0 - - - 2 , 9 6 5 . 0 0 24 1 2 H I G H S C H O O L T R A C K A 2 4 0 5 1 2 4 , 0 7 0 . 0 6 - - ( 4 , 0 7 0 . 0 6 ) - 24 1 5 S C H O O L S A F E T Y & S E C U R I T Y ( 4 0 6 . 4 4 ) - - - ( 4 0 6 . 4 4 ) 24 1 6 M I D D L E S C H O O L A U D I T O R I U M ( 7 8 , 9 9 5 . 7 9 ) 6 , 2 0 4 . 4 7 - - ( 7 2 , 7 9 1 . 3 2 ) 28 1 5 R E S U R F A C E B A S K E T B A L L C O U R T S 2 9 , 2 3 5 . 0 1 - - ( 2 9 , 2 3 5 . 0 1 ) - 36 1 1 U P G R A D E S Y S T E M S M S A 3 6 0 5 1 5 6 6 . 6 9 - - ( 5 6 6 . 6 9 ) - XX X X N E W H I G H S C H O O L A X X X X X X 7 4 , 5 7 0 . 5 8 - - ( 7 4 , 5 7 0 . 5 8 ) - TU R F F I E L D - 5 1 . 7 1 - - 5 1 . 7 1 32 0 0 C A P I T A L P R O J E C T S S C H O O L S 2 , 7 8 3 , 5 8 8 . 5 4 2 6 , 4 6 0 , 5 4 0 . 1 0 2 6 , 7 5 9 , 8 1 5 . 8 9 ( 1 6 6 , 5 9 4 . 5 1 ) 2 , 3 1 7 , 7 1 8 . 2 4 07 L 1 5 S E W E R S Y S T E M C A P A C I T Y A N A L Y S I S 2 7 , 6 0 1 . 3 9 - 10 , 5 4 1 . 8 0 17 , 0 5 9 . 5 9 02 0 9 W W T F 2 E L I G C O S T S A 0 2 1 2 0 9 1 8 , 1 2 3 . 9 9 - - 1 8 , 1 2 3 . 9 9 02 1 2 E L M S T S E W E R E X T S 0 2 1 1 1 2 ( 1 9 , 3 2 2 . 7 0 ) - - ( 1 9 , 3 2 2 . 7 0 ) 18 1 7 S E W E R F L O W M E T E R I N G A 1 8 1 7 - 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 6 , 2 9 5 . 0 3 1 3 3 , 7 0 4 . 9 7 19 0 8 S E W E R D E P T T R U C K A 1 9 0 5 0 8 2 , 5 0 7 . 5 0 - - 2 , 5 0 7 . 5 0 20 1 4 V A C T O R T R U C K 1 0 8 . 8 0 - - 1 0 8 . 8 0 28 1 2 W O O D S T P U M P S T A T I O N A 2 8 0 2 8 0 , 9 4 5 . 9 1 - - 2 8 0 , 9 4 5 . 9 1 33 1 3 S E W M A I N F L N D S R D A 3 3 0 5 1 3 4 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 4 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 33 0 0 C A P I T A L P R O J S E W E R E N T F U N D 7 5 9 , 9 6 4 . 8 9 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 6 , 8 3 6 . 8 3 - 8 8 3 , 1 2 8 . 0 6 14 B 0 6 W A T E R M A I N S A 2 5 0 5 0 5 A 1 4 B 6 9 8 . 7 4 - - 6 9 8 . 7 4 16 0 8 D U M P T R U C K A 1 6 0 5 0 8 3 8 5 . 0 0 - - 3 8 5 . 0 0 19 1 0 W A T E R M A I N D E S I G N R E P L A 1 1 4 5 , 2 7 9 . 6 3 - - 1 4 5 , 2 7 9 . 6 3 19 1 5 W A T E R M A I N R E P L A C E M E N T C E 2 4 4 , 2 6 5 . 1 3 - - 2 4 4 , 2 6 5 . 1 3 20 1 4 V A C T O R T R U C K 2 1 7 . 6 0 - - 2 1 7 . 6 0 119 AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N FU N D B A L A N C E RE C E I P T S EX P E N D E D TR A N S F E R S BA L A N C E 20 1 5 F R U I T S T R E E T W A T E R F A C D E S I G N 1 5 , 0 0 4 . 9 2 - 1 5 , 0 0 4 . 9 2 - 20 1 6 G R O V E S T W A T E R T A N K R E P L A C E M T 8 4 , 9 1 1 . 8 8 3 5 , 6 7 5 . 7 0 1 , 3 2 2 , 9 1 5 . 7 6 ( 1 , 2 0 2 , 3 2 8 . 1 8 ) 21 0 5 W A T E R W E L L H 2 A 2 1 0 5 0 5 9 , 2 2 5 . 6 4 - - 9 , 2 2 5 . 6 4 21 1 5 G R O V E S T W A T E R F A C I L I T Y E N G 5 , 4 1 7 . 5 3 - - 5 , 4 1 7 . 5 3 21 1 6 H A Y D E N R D W A T E R M A I N R E P L 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 1 0 2 . 2 4 - 1 0 3 , 1 0 2 . 2 4 22 1 1 G E N F R T S T W E L L A 2 2 0 5 1 1 3 7 , 3 1 3 . 2 3 - - 3 7 , 3 1 3 . 2 3 22 1 6 W A T E R S R C E S U P P L Y - A S H L A N D 1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 23 1 1 S E R V I C E T R U C K 2 A 2 3 0 5 1 1 1 , 3 8 5 . 0 0 - - 1 , 3 8 5 . 0 0 23 1 6 B I O L O G I C A L F I L T R A T I O N 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 23 1 7 F R U I T S T B L E N D I N G F A C I L I T Y A 2 3 1 7 - 1 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 9 8 , 2 1 8 . 8 2 1 , 4 0 1 , 7 8 1 . 1 8 32 1 3 G R O V E T N K I N S P A 3 2 0 5 1 3 3 , 9 5 3 . 0 5 - - 3 , 9 5 3 . 0 5 35 1 3 W A T E R M A I N M A I N S T A 3 5 0 5 1 5 0 , 9 6 5 . 2 9 - - 5 0 , 9 6 5 . 2 9 37 9 3 W A T E R S U P P L Y E X P L A 3 7 0 5 9 3 1 , 0 8 9 . 7 5 - - 1 , 0 8 9 . 7 5 39 9 3 P A I N T T N K W M A I N A 3 9 0 5 9 3 1 1 0 . 9 4 - - 1 1 0 . 9 4 34 0 0 C A P I T A L P R O J W A T E R E N T F U N D 1 , 7 5 0 , 2 2 3 . 3 3 1 , 5 3 8 , 7 7 7 . 9 4 1 , 4 3 6 , 1 3 9 . 5 0 - 1 , 8 5 2 , 8 6 1 . 7 7 08 1 5 S I N D O O R R E C F A C I L I T Y F R U I ( 4 8 . 9 6 ) - - ( 4 8 . 9 6 ) 33 1 2 S A N D Y B E A C H R E N O V A 3 3 0 5 1 2 4 8 3 . 3 0 - - 4 8 3 . 3 0 35 0 0 C A P I T A L P R O J E C T S P & R E N T 4 3 4 . 3 4 - - - 4 3 4 . 3 4 P/ Y C H A P T E R 9 0 ( 1 6 , 2 9 7 . 1 0 ) - - ( 1 6 , 2 9 7 . 1 0 ) 10 1 4 C H A P T E R 9 0 F I S C A L 2 0 1 5 A 1 - 1 6 , 5 5 2 . 4 9 1 6 , 5 5 2 . 4 9 - 10 1 5 C H A P T 9 0 F Y 2 0 1 6 A 1 0 0 5 1 5 ( 2 0 4 , 1 3 2 . 1 9 ) 2 0 7 , 1 4 7 . 9 0 3 , 0 1 5 . 7 1 ( 0 . 0 0 ) 10 1 6 C H A P T 9 0 F Y 2 0 1 7 ( 6 5 1 , 9 5 7 . 0 0 ) 6 5 1 , 9 5 7 . 0 0 - - 12 1 7 C H A P T 9 0 F Y 2 0 1 8 - 6 5 1 , 1 4 9 . 0 0 6 5 1 , 1 4 9 . 0 0 - 39 0 0 H I G H W A Y I M P R O V E M E N T S F U N D ( 8 7 2 , 3 8 6 . 2 9 ) 1 , 5 2 6 , 8 0 6 . 3 9 6 7 0 , 7 1 7 . 2 0 - ( 1 6 , 2 9 7 . 1 0 ) 120 AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N FU N D B A L A N C E RE C E I P T S EX P E N D E D TR A N S F E R S BA L A N C E BM L N T B M C G O V E R N L I B R A R Y N T 1 , 1 5 5 , 0 1 2 . 6 7 - - 1 , 1 5 5 , 0 1 2 . 6 7 CC C N T C H A R L E S C L A F L I N C O M M O N N 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 CM C N T C O M E Y M E M C H A P E L N T 2 , 1 0 0 . 0 0 - - 2 , 1 0 0 . 0 0 CM H N T C H A S M A R Y H O L M A N C O M M O N 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 - - 1 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 CP C N T C E M P E R P E T U A L C A R E N T 2 2 1 , 7 6 2 . 5 0 5 , 6 5 0 . 0 0 - 2 2 7 , 4 1 2 . 5 0 HN T H I S T O R I C A L N T 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 M A R N T M A R Y A R O C H E R E C O G N T 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - - 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 81 0 0 N O N E X P E N D A B L E T R U S T S F U N D 1 , 3 8 8 , 3 7 5 . 1 7 5 , 6 5 0 . 0 0 - - 1 , 3 9 4 , 0 2 5 . 1 7 AH E T A F F O R D A B L E H O U S I N G E T 5 3 5 , 6 2 6 . 7 2 5 1 , 2 7 8 . 0 6 - 5 8 6 , 9 0 4 . 7 8 AM D E T A N N E M D A V I N E T 3 . 5 7 - - 3 . 5 7 BM L E T B M C G O V E R N L I B R A R Y E T 6 3 5 , 5 1 9 . 0 5 ( 2 5 , 6 6 3 . 1 2 ) 5 7 , 5 1 3 . 1 6 5 5 2 , 3 4 2 . 7 7 CC C E T C H A R L E S C L A F L I N C O M M O N E 9 , 3 1 7 . 3 6 ( 1 7 5 . 3 0 ) - 9 , 1 4 2 . 0 6 CM C E T C O M E Y M E M O R I A L C H A P E L E T 2 , 5 6 0 . 9 8 ( 7 8 . 3 8 ) - 2 , 4 8 2 . 6 0 CM H E T C H A S M A R Y H O L M A N C O M M O N 3 , 3 1 0 . 8 5 ( 1 0 3 . 5 3 ) - 3 , 2 0 7 . 3 2 CO P E T H C A R V E R M E M O F F P H I L E T 6 , 4 5 4 . 9 3 2 3 . 0 7 - 6 , 4 7 8 . 0 0 CP C E T C E M E T E R Y P E R P E T U A L C A R E 8 , 5 8 1 . 9 1 ( 3 , 5 8 6 . 0 3 ) - 4 , 9 9 5 . 8 8 CS E T C O N G A L V E S S C H O L A R S H I P E T 1 , 9 9 8 . 9 4 - - 1 , 9 9 8 . 9 4 DS E T D I C K E R M A N S C H O L A R S H I P E T 1 , 2 2 1 . 5 3 3 . 6 6 - 1 , 2 2 5 . 1 9 HE T H I S T O R I C A L E T 8 , 6 3 8 . 0 3 3 4 . 1 2 - 8 , 6 7 2 . 1 5 LE E T L A W E N F O R C E M E N T E T 9 , 1 6 6 . 6 6 2 , 4 1 0 . 8 0 - 1 1 , 5 7 7 . 4 6 LT S E T L E O T O U Z J I A N S C H O L A R S E T 1 , 1 6 9 . 6 4 3 . 4 8 - 1 , 1 7 3 . 1 2 M A R E T M A R Y R O C H E R E C O G N I T I O N E 2 8 4 . 3 7 ( 9 1 . 3 3 ) 1 5 0 . 0 0 4 3 . 0 4 SB C E T S A R A H B C R O O K S E T 2 7 , 0 2 2 . 5 9 6 , 7 3 7 . 4 9 - 3 3 , 7 6 0 . 0 8 TG B E T T G B S C H O L A R S H I P E T 1 1 . 3 7 - - 1 1 . 3 7 UN L E T U N A L L O C A T E D T R U S T V A R I A N C E 1,6 5 6 . 8 4 - - 1 , 6 5 6 . 8 4 W S E T W H I T E S C H O L A R S H I P E T 5 , 3 8 1 . 8 0 1 4 5 . 5 0 5 0 0 . 0 0 5 , 0 2 7 . 3 0 82 0 0 E X P E N D A B L E T R U S T S F U N D 1 , 2 5 7 , 9 2 7 . 1 4 3 0 , 9 3 8 . 4 9 5 8 , 1 6 3 . 1 6 - 1 , 2 3 0 , 7 0 2 . 4 7 121 AC C O U N T D E S C R I P T I O N FU N D B A L A N C E RE C E I P T S EX P E N D E D TR A N S F E R S BA L A N C E ST A B S T A B I L I Z A T I O N F U N D 2 , 8 7 8 , 1 6 5 . 3 2 ( 4 5 , 2 9 4 . 8 4 ) - 3 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 1 3 2 , 8 7 0 . 4 8 83 0 0 S T A B I L I Z A T I O N FU N D 2 , 8 7 8 , 1 6 5 . 3 2 ( 4 5 , 2 9 4 . 8 4 ) - 3 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 , 1 3 2 , 8 7 0 . 4 8 CA P S T C A P S T A B I L I Z A T I O N F D 3 1 2 , 1 5 2 . 1 7 ( 3 , 5 3 3 . 3 6 ) - 3 0 8 , 6 1 8 . 8 1 84 0 0 C A P I T A L S T A B I L I Z A T I O N F U N D 3 1 2 , 1 5 2 . 1 7 ( 3 , 5 3 3 . 3 6 ) - - 3 0 8 , 6 1 8 . 8 1 CO N S C O N S E R V A T I O N F U N D 1 7 , 3 6 9 . 0 0 ( 3 0 5 . 4 9 ) - 1 7 , 0 6 3 . 5 1 86 0 0 C O N S E R V A T I O N F U N D 1 7 , 3 6 9 . 0 0 ( 3 0 5 . 4 9 ) - - 1 7 , 0 6 3 . 5 1 OP E B O P E B T R U S T F U N D 1 , 5 2 7 , 9 2 9 . 6 5 8 7 , 4 1 4 . 3 7 - 3 7 9 , 2 6 4 . 0 0 1 , 9 9 4 , 6 0 8 . 0 2 87 0 0 O P E B T R U S T F U N D 1 , 5 2 7 , 9 2 9 . 6 5 8 7 , 4 1 4 . 3 7 - 3 7 9 , 2 6 4 . 0 0 1 , 9 9 4 , 6 0 8 . 0 2 SA E L M S T U D E N T A C T E L M W O O D S C H O 4 , 9 2 9 . 3 0 1 3 , 2 6 0 . 3 7 9 , 3 6 3 . 7 5 8 , 8 2 5 . 9 2 SA H O P S T U D E N T A C T H O P K I N S S C H O 8 , 2 6 2 . 0 1 2 1 , 0 2 3 . 7 0 1 8 , 2 8 5 . 3 8 1 1 , 0 0 0 . 3 3 SA H S S T U D E N T A C T H I G H S C H O O L 1 7 2 , 2 3 7 . 2 4 40 1 , 7 2 6 . 0 7 39 3 , 0 8 6 . 2 2 1 8 0 , 8 7 7 . 0 9 SA M S S T U D E N T A C T M I D D L E S C H O O L 8 6 , 0 0 1 . 8 7 1 3 9 , 0 1 6 . 3 0 1 0 8 , 3 6 5 . 6 4 1 1 6 , 6 5 2 . 5 3 88 0 0 S T U D E N T A C T I V I T I E S F U N D 2 7 1 , 4 3 0 . 4 2 5 7 5 , 0 2 6 . 4 4 5 2 9 , 1 0 0 . 9 9 - 3 1 7 , 3 5 5 . 8 7 122 Lo n g T e r m D e b t Ins i d e t h e D e b t L i m i t Ou t s t a n d i n g Ju l y 1 , 2 0 1 7 + N e w D e b t Iss u e d - R e t i r e m e n t s = O u t s t a n d i n g Ju n e 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 Int e r e s t Pa i d i n F Y 2 0 1 8 Bu i l d i n g s 21 , 4 9 6 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 $ 5 , 0 0 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 $ 1 , 2 8 4 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 $ 2 5 , 2 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 $ 86 8 , 2 6 1 . 2 3 $ De p a r t m e n t a l E q u i p m e n t 2,0 4 9 , 6 6 6 . 6 7 - 7 4 7 , 6 6 6 . 6 7 1 , 3 0 2 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 82 , 8 1 2 . 2 3 Sc h o o l B u i l d i n g s 20 , 4 1 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 7 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 , 4 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 3 4 , 9 9 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 72 2 , 1 1 0 . 5 5 Sc h o o l - A l l O t h e r 71 8 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 0 1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4 1 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 29 , 7 5 0 . 0 0 Se w e r 11 , 1 0 6 , 1 5 7 . 3 9 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 3 5 3 , 8 4 6 . 4 4 9 , 9 0 2 , 3 1 0 . 9 5 24 1 , 8 4 0 . 6 1 Ot h e r I n s i d e 9,9 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 , 0 1 0 , 2 0 0 . 0 0 9 , 9 3 9 , 8 0 0 . 0 0 30 9 , 2 9 5 . 5 2 Re c r e a t i o n 19 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 5 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 4,8 0 0 . 0 0 Su b t o t a l I n s i d e 65 , 8 7 4 , 8 2 4 . 0 6 $ 2 3 , 2 0 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 $ 7 , 1 4 8 , 7 1 3 . 1 1 $ 8 1 , 9 3 1 , 1 1 0 . 9 5 $ 2,2 5 8 , 8 7 0 . 1 4 $ Lo n g T e r m D e b t Ou t s i d e t h e D e b t L i m i t Ou t s t a n d i n g Ju l y 1 , 2 0 1 7 + N e w D e b t Iss u e d - R e t i r e m e n t s = O u t s t a n d i n g Ju n e 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 Int e r e s t Pa i d i n F Y 2 0 1 8 Sc h o o l B u i l d i n g s - $ - $ - $ - $ - Se w e r - - - - - So l i d W a s t e - - - - - Wa t e r 4,3 7 8 , 4 5 4 . 6 7 1 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 5 4 5 , 1 9 0 . 6 7 5 , 3 3 3 , 2 6 4 . 0 0 15 4 , 6 8 0 . 3 9 Ot h e r O u t s i d e 76 5 , 3 4 8 . 0 0 - 7 4 , 0 6 3 . 0 0 6 9 1 , 2 8 5 . 0 0 - Su b t o t a l O u t s i d e 5,1 4 3 , 8 0 2 . 6 7 $ 1 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 $ 6 1 9 , 2 5 3 . 6 7 $ 6 , 0 2 4 , 5 4 9 . 0 0 $ 15 4 , 6 8 0 . 3 9 $ To t a l L o n g T e r m D e b t 71 , 0 1 8 , 6 2 6 . 7 3 $ 2 4 , 7 0 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 $ 7 , 7 6 7 , 9 6 6 . 7 8 $ 8 7 , 9 5 5 , 6 5 9 . 9 5 $ 2 , 4 1 3 , 5 5 0 . 5 3 $ Sh o r t T e r m D e b t Ou t s t a n d i n g Ju l y 1 , 2 0 1 7 + N e w D e b t Iss u e d - R e t i r e m e n t s = O u t s t a n d i n g Ju n e 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 Int e r e s t Pa i d i n F Y 2 0 1 8 BA N s - B o n d A n t i c i p a t i o n N o t e s : B u i l d i n g s - $ 8 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 $ - $ 8 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 $ - $ Eq u i p m e n t - - - - - Sc h o o l B u i l d i n g s - 1 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - Se w e r - - - - - Wa t e r - 1 , 3 7 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 , 3 7 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - Ot h e r 10 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 - 1,2 4 6 . 5 3 To t a l S h o r t T e r m D e b t 10 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 $ 2 , 3 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 $ 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 $ 2 , 3 6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 $ 1,2 4 6 . 5 3 $ Gr a n d T o t a l A l l D e b t 71 , 1 1 8 , 6 2 6 . 7 3 $ 2 7 , 0 6 5 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 $ 7 , 8 6 7 , 9 6 6 . 7 8 $ 9 0 , 3 1 5 , 6 5 9 . 9 5 $ 2 , 4 1 4 , 7 9 7 . 0 6 $ TO W N O F H O P K I N T O N ST A T E M E N T O F I N D E B T E D N E S S JU N E 3 0 , 2 0 1 8 123  FIRE DEPARTMENT To the Board of Selectmen, the Town Manager and the citizens of Hopkinton. It is with the greatest appreciation for your support and utmost pride in our service to the community that I submit the 2019 annual report on the Hopkinton Fire Department. Mission: To preserve life and property from fire, medical and other emergencies; through the rapid response of professionally trained personnel, effective code enforcement and quality community engagement. Goals and Objectives: Ɣ Deliver quality service to our changing community in a safe, efficient and effective manner and at a reasonable costs.  Ɣ Focus on service delivery, employee development, community engagement and community preparedness. Ɣ Improve delivery of Effective Response Force (ERF) people/equipment/training/time including performance goals and the evaluation of a staffed second fire station. Ɣ Prepare for the communities additional growth, change in diversity, the impact of the opioid epidemic and marijuana legalization. Effectively meeting our mission and reaching our goals requires a basic understanding of resource capabilities, deployment options and the expectation of the community. In addition, risk factors and our assessment listed below all call for additional resources focused on keeping the delivery or an (ERF) at acceptable levels. Specific beneficiaries of additional staffing requested in our budget include multiple incidents, target hazards, specialty or task intensive events along with a general capacity designed to support the future growth and address the 369 responses rated to have below the (ERF) level. Why: If our resources arrive too late or lack sufficient capabilities, the emergency will continue to escalate and draw more resources into a losing battle. Failing to manage these challenges can leave firefighters, the fire department, and the community as a whole, vulnerable to undesirable events. How: Our FY 20 Budget request is designed to meet the goals indicated below along with a broader risk reduction approach which we were unable to achieve in last year’s budget request. The expected results should indicate improvement in (ERF) to the current requests for services and add capacity for additional request for services. In addition to the ERF improvement, we would expect to have reasonable capacity to enter into regional response solutions such as automatic aid. We have hesitated to enter into these obligations in the past due to the overload to our current capacity, however, added return on this budget proposal would be in the form of solutions to manpower intensive incidents which we would not resolve within the existing staffing levels for the foreseeable future. Risk assessment: 124  Purpose: Effectively meeting our mission requires a basic understanding of resource capabilities, deployment options and the expectation of the community. If our resources arrive too late or lack sufficient capabilities, the emergency will continue to escalate and draw more resources into a losing battle. Failing to manage these challenges can leave firefighters, the fire department, and the community as a whole, Vulnerable to undesirable events. In 2018 we received 2,505 requests for service with 2,136 meeting our (ERF) measures and 369 below our (ERF) measures. Of the 369 responses rated as below the (ERF) level, 218 were medical emergencies, and the remainder were fire related and other categories. Our request for service increased over 9% and I anticipate that this growth will continue into the future year. Data Analysis on customer request for service vs. total number of firefighters with future projections.  Figure1:FireDepartmentdataanalysisonrequestforservicegrowthandeffectiveresponseforceresults.  125  Figure2:Indicatesthelevelofeffectiveresponsetorequestsforserviceoverthelast3years. Identified Risks: Ɣ Our service zone is 28 square mile Ɣ One staffed fire station at designed capacity Ɣ Continued new growth Ɣ Changes in community demographics Ɣ Increased restricted highway access Ɣ Increased open space land use  Ɣ Development outside of the water district Ɣ Natural and man-made disaster potentials Ɣ The opioid epidemic  Ɣ Legalization of marijuana  Figure3:2018Left;PropanetruckcrashandleakonSpringStreet,Right;unitshandleanMVCoutoninterstate495allhighlightingthe valueofaneffectiveresponseforce.  . 126  Specific vulnerabilities include: Ɣ Multiple/concurrent incidents. Ɣ Sufficient resources to high risk incidents. Ɣ Structure fires Ɣ Immediate danger to health and life (IDLH) incidents. Ɣ Extrications/Rescues Ɣ Chimney fire/water rescues/brush fires Ɣ Sufficient manpower resources for Target Hazard responses. Ɣ Assisted/Senior living: New facilities and expansions (Golden Pond/Fair View Estates). Ɣ Schools/ Respite Center/ NECA autistic housing. Ɣ LNG Plant expansion. Ɣ Meeting the demands of growth Ɣ Legacy Farms Ɣ Urgent Care Ɣ Lumber Street  Ɣ Elm Street/ Parkwood Drive Accomplishments in Prevention, Public Education, Community Engagement and Special Events: Ɣ Fire Prevention Activities include, but are not limited to: o Inspections o Plan Review o Code Enforcement o Public Fire Education o Permits o Continuing Education o Customer Service o Liaison with Other Agencies  Figure4:FirefighterKrausetrainsonwatersupplytacticsuseoutsideofourmunicipalwatersystem. 127  What did we accomplish through these programs? Ɣ 1139 Fire Prevention activities logged Ɣ 20+ public education presentations to the students of Hopkinton  Ɣ Fire Prevention Officer (FPO) Healy 40 hours Public Fire and Life Safety Educator as well as a SAFE and Senior SAFE grant workshop. Ɣ Both (FPO’s) attended credentialing training through the Department of Fire Services; 80 hours of education each o (FPO) Healy credentialed to Fire Prevention Officer Level 1 o (FPO) Poirier credentialed to Fire Prevention Officer Level 2 Ɣ Certified through NFPA in Hot Works training to assist those working in our community to better understand Massachusetts new requirements; enforcement through education. These new standards stem from the tragedy in the Boston which took the lives of Lt. Edward J. Walsh Jr. and FF Michael R. Kennedy. Ɣ Attended training from national associations such as the National Fire Sprinkler Association and Automatic Fire Alarm Association.  Ɣ Attended the Fire and Life Safety Educators Conference  Ɣ Community Preparedness/Risk Reduction o 130 trained in CPR o Legacy Farms plan review of residential 13D sprinkler systems o Town departments and private businesses ƒPolice and auxiliary ƒPublic Safety Dispatchers ƒElmwood School Staff ƒSchool Department Nurses ƒTown Hall Staff ƒWater and Sewer Departments ƒLocal football coaches ƒThe Old Guard ƒPyne Sand and Stone ƒHopkinton Center for the Arts ƒThe Spoon  Figure5:CrewsfromHopkintonandWestboroughfireoverhaulatractortraiortrashfireoutoninterstate495 128  Figure6:FireDepartmentfamilymembersassistingatOpenHouse2018 Firefighter/Paramedic William Krauss once again organized our volunteers in the delivery of the annual Open House. Open House is the kick off for Fire Prevention Week and has increased in popularity over recent years. Attendance this year was estimated to be 400 parents, children and towns people. We all enjoyed Papa Gino’s pizza, educational programs, and the ever popular fire truck rides. I would like to thank the personnel and their family members who volunteered their time to make this yearly event successful. We look forward to seeing all the kids again in 2019. Figure7:FamilyDay2018autoextricationdemonstration 129  Planning for the 2019 BAA Marathon is in full swing and will continue right up to the morning of the race. Thanks to all the individuals, town departments, mutual aid departments and outside agencies who assisted with making this event safe and an operational success in 2018. We were also very actively involved with our school safety team and Hopkinton Organizing for Prevention (HOP) in providing operational and logistical support to multiple high school sporting event(s), road races and swimming events that were held within our community. Other accomplishments of 2018 New Hires in 2018 include firefighters Patrick Rahill, John de Rivera and Maxwell Israloff. Firefighter Rahill successfully completed his Firefighter training program in November and Firefighters de Rivera and Israloff are scheduled to receive their training later this year. Figure8and9:OntheleftFirefightersPatrickRahillreceiveshisMFAgraduatecertificateandwithhisfamilyandfriendfrom Hopkinton.OntherightareFirefightersJohndeRiveraandMaxIsraloffpreparingfortheir10weeksofMFAtraining.  Figure10and11:Left;FirefightersattendafuneralinWorcesterandrightFirefightersengageinicerescuetraining..  130  Newly Promoted Training Lieutenant John Sheridan. Figure12,13and14:LeftLt.SheridanispinnedbyhiswifeKatieandhisdaughterElliotbyherside.Right;Firefighterstraining foricerescueattheIceHousepondandbelowScottyMackinassistusonMarathonDayOperations. Finally, the Hopkinton Emergency Management Group (HEMG) participated in a federally sponsored “All Hazards Preparedness” exercise designed to sharpen our response to major events. “2018” being the year of the snow storm, would test our group with three major storm events hitting the region in March. Our Community Preparedness Model was challenged and by all accounts the training, information and preparedness made a difference in our response and recovery. In addition, we remained active in our preparedness through participation in quarterly meetings of our Regional Emergency Planning Committee (REPC) working group. This collaborative planning and emergency response coalition is made up of communities from Ashland, Framingham, Holliston, Hopkinton, Natick and Sherborn. The main focus is to remain diligent with our local planning and awareness capability all strengthened through a regional tram approach. In closing, I would like to thank all of my personnel, the Board of Selectmen, the Town Manager, other Town Departments, Committees and especially the residents of Hopkinton for your constant and continued support. The Hopkinton Fire Department stands ready to respond to the growing needs of the community at a moment’s notice, and I am proud to have the opportunity to serve as your Fire Chief and Emergency Management Director. Respectfully, Stephen T. Slaman Fire Chief & Emergency Management Director 131  HOPKINTON FIRE DEPARTMENT CAREER FIREFIGHTERS Stephen T. Slaman, Chief*** William Miller, Deputy Chief** Mary Carver, Administrative Manager Carl Harris, Lieutenant* Gary Daugherty, Jr., Lieutenant*** Scott Jurasek, Lieutenant* William Krauss, Lieutenant*** John Sheridan Lieutenant*** Matthew Bailey*** Robert Caron*** Josiah Campball*** Francis Clark* Robert Clark* Richard Corcoran*** John DeRivera*** Paul Finneran*** James Frederick*** James Gosselin*** Patrick Gross* Timothy Healy*** Maxwell Israeloff*** Sara Jordan*** John Krauss*** Douglas Lewis* Kazimierz Piorkowski*** Thomas Poirier, Fire Prevention Officer*** Michael Prescott* Patrick Rahill*** Norman Seymour* Daniel Smith*** Denotes EMT Basic*, EMT Advanced **, EMT Paramedic*** HOPKINTON FIRE DEPARTMENT CALL FIREFIGHTERS James Collins*** Nicholas Danahy* Michael Torosian   132                          Ambulance1 2015FordFͲ550 Mileage:61,563 EngineHours:3,468 Ambulance2 2013International Mileage:41,505 EngineHours:2,355 Car1 2011ChevyTahoe Mileage:64,244 EngineHours:N/A Car2 2019FordExplorer Mileage:755 EngineHours:N/A Car3 2011FordFͲ250 Mileage:44,393 EngineHours:3,974 Car5 2009FordExplorer Mileage:66,360 EngineHours:3,247 Car4 2017FordInterceptor Mileage:9,903 EngineHours:547 Engine2 2002EͲOneCycloneII Mileage:30,033 EngineHours:2,628 Engine3 2014International Mileage:3,574 EngineHours:340 Engine4 2011KMEPredator Mileage:37,620 EngineHours:4,123 Ladder1 1999Spartan (PurchUsed2016) Mileage:23,003 EngineHours:2,779 Rescue1 2018FerraraIgnitor Mileage:2,780 EngineHours:177 Brush11 2006FordͲF550 Mileage:11,443 EngineHours:1,023 Brush6 1977AMGeneral (PurchUsed2012) Mileage:19,346 EngineHours:766    133 HOPKINTON HISTORIC DISTRICT COMMISSION Historic Districts in Massachusetts have three major purposes, as stated in Ch. 40C of Massachusetts General Law: 1.) To preserve and protect the distinctive characteristics of buildings and places significant to the history of the Commonwealth and its cities and towns; 2.) To maintain and improve the settings of those buildings and places; 3.) To encourage new designs compatible with existing buildings in the district. CENTER HISTORIC DISTRICT COMMISSION The Hopkinton Center Historic District was established by the townspeople in 1979, consisting primarily of properties surrounding the Town Common, the Common itself, and properties along the south side of Main Street, ending near the corner of Grove Street. A small portion of East Main Street is also included. In recent years, Center School and the Town Hall have been added to the district. The Hopkinton Center Historic District Commission is the reviewing authority responsible for regulating design within the Hopkinton Center Historic District. The year 2018 was a busy one for the Hopkinton Center Historic District Commission. Thanks to the initiative of the Hopkinton Historical Commission, the town received a grant from the Massachusetts Historical Commission (MHC) for a new Historical Property Survey, specifically to study properties in and near the historic district for the purpose of expanding the district in the future. The previous survey had been done back in 1989, and more detailed information and research methods are now available. The new survey was completed this summer and both surveys can now be found on the HHDC section of the town website: http://www.hopkintonma.gov/hhdc/. In March, we had a table at the library’s Hopkinton 101 event. In May, we hosted Christopher C. Skelly, Director of Local Government Programs for MHC who gave a presentation called 134 “Establishing or Expanding Local Historic Districts,” followed by a walking tour of the district. In July we had a table at the Hopkinton Farmer’s Market on the Common. In the fall, with the survey complete, we began the process of gathering public input into potentially expanding the historic district. Our public outreach included a letter to property owners, an opinion survey, and three public listening sessions, all televised on HCAM-TV. We also made some much needed updates to our website. At our November 29 meeting we then voted on the following next steps: Ɣ Complete work on our written Historic District Design Guidelines in 2019 - Many other towns already have these and we intend to get public feedback on the draft before finalizing. Ɣ Work on updating the town bylaw Chapter 123 (Historic District) to account for modern needs that were not anticipated when it was originally written (solar panels, satellite dishes, central air units, etc.), consider other changes such as not reviewing paint color and lessening restrictions on newer homes in the district - Any changes to the bylaw will require a town meeting vote. Ɣ Take the proposed expansion OFF the table for Town Meeting 2019. Focus on meeting with property owners in the areas of town that were most receptive to being included in the district and consider trying for a smaller expansion for Town Meeting 2020. In 2018, the HHDC approved Certificates of Appropriateness for a historical plaque at One Ash Street, and a new sign for the Muffin House Cafe. We worked throughout the year with town hall staff regarding the Downtown Corridor project and the portions that affect the historic district. We also continued to work with the Permanent Building Committee finalizing some small changes to the originally approved plan for the library expansion. Mike Auen served as our liaison to the Center School Re-Use Advisory Team and kept us informed on their work. We bid a sad farewell to member, Sandy Altamura who moved away from Hopkinton after many years of volunteering on various town boards and committees. Her contributions will be greatly missed. We then welcomed new member, Maryanne Chambers, who is the liaison to the Hopkinton Historical Society. The Center Historic District Commission continues to work with town entities and citizens to ensure that as we strive to improve our downtown, its historic character is protected and enhanced. Respectfully submitted, Amy Ritterbusch, Chair Beth Kelly, Vice Chair Michael Auen Maryanne Chambers Melanie Smith Jeanette Thomson Beth Watson 135 HOPKINTON HISTORICAL COMMISSION The Hopkinton Historical Commission (HHC) was established in 1969 with a goal of historic preservation. The Commission coordinates with other town agencies as well as private organizations (such as the Historical Society) to safeguard the preservation of the town’s historic properties and sites. The HHC scheduled meetings are every month on the first Tuesday at 7 pm in the Town Hall. Last year the HHC received a $25,000 grant from the Mass Historical Commission for a historical survey that is now complete. This survey was initially funded by CPC but the state has now reimbursed us for all costs. The historical survey focused on properties in and around the Hopkinton Center Historical District (HCHD) for the purpose of potentially expanding the district. See the HCHD report for next steps. Hopkinton is an evolving community and, as such, continues to see requests for demolition and replacement of our existing housing stock. Where appropriate, the HHC has chosen to institute several demolition delays to work with property owners to determine better alternatives to outright demolition for properties deemed both “historically significant” and “preferably preserved”. Our town counsel assisted in clarifying what actually constitutes demolition. We now have a revised bylaw approved at Town Meeting that the removal of structural elements of a property, in part or whole, is considered demolition and is subject to review by the HHC. This revised bylaw makes it clear to all that the Historical Commission has no jurisdiction over non- structural items. One only needs to drive around town to see the many residences that are now being renovated and expanded instead of outright demolition and replacement. One such structure that is being renovated is the circa 1750 McFarland-Sanger House on Lumber St. The CPC funded restoration continues with all of the windows now restored. Future work will include replacement of the perimeter sills and other remedial work. As a town owned property the HHC is looking for ideas from town residents for the best use of the facility. Another CPC funded project is restoration of the Aiken’s Park Stone Bridge. Engineering services for the trail portion of the park are moving forward while the HHC works with the Town of Southborough to seek additional funds for restoration of the Stone Bridge itself since the bridge spans the Sudbury River which is the boundary between the towns. One of the most revered member of our Commission, Dr. Ronald Yankee, has decided to retire after decades of dedicated service. His wisdom, passion and commitment to preservation will be missed. In his place we have welcomed new associate member James Haskins. Our goals for 2019 are to work with the town’s committees, property owners / developers and individuals of the town to elevate our knowledge and appreciation for the historically significant elements in the town and to provide a resource for those who share our interests. 136 HOPKINTON PUBLIC LIBRARY The Hopkinton Public Library's mission is to enhance educational, cultural, social, and intellectual opportunities for the community. As the heart of the town, it serves the needs of its diverse users by providing a high level of personal service with contemporary technology and a variety of programs and materials in many formats. 2018 was a busy and exciting year, as residents and staff acclimated to our newly renovated and expanded building. Library staff worked hard to expand and improve our offerings and to continue providing exceptional service to the community. One significant expansion of service occurred in July, when the library opened on summer Saturdays for the first time. Added hours were identified as "very important" or "somewhat important" by two-thirds of the respondents to the library's recent strategic planning survey, and 46% of respondents identified summer Saturdays as their first choice if the library were able to be open more hours; we were very pleased to be able to respond to the community's needs in this way so quickly after renovation. 232 people visited the library on July 14, our first summer Saturday, which we celebrated with refreshments hosted by the Trustees, a rededication of the time capsule bench recently installed in the library, and a Town history scavenger hunt. 137 The library reached another milestone on October 27, when we marked one year of transforming lives and the community in the newly renovated and expanded building. 303 people visited the library that Saturday as we celebrated with more refreshments hosted by the Trustees, the unveiling of the Hopkinton Public Library Foundation's "1000 Homes for Hopkinton" plaque in the Church Street lobby, and a musical performance by Steve Spector. The Friends of the Hopkinton Public Library and the Hopkinton Garden Club collaborated on "Books in Bloom" for the second time, and eight beautiful, book-themed floral arrangements brought an additional touch of color to spaces throughout the library for our one-year anniversary. Our experience in the new building has been tremendously successful: while the Massachusetts Board of Library Commissioners predicts that a library will experience an average 30% increase in use after a building project, library use doubled on average in our first 12 months in the new building, compared to 2015 (pre-renovation) levels. Community members have shared many wonderful comments with library staff, and new amenities such as our Teen Room, study rooms, and meeting rooms are well-used alongside spaces and services that were carried over and improved upon from the old building. Throughout 2018, library staff expanded our program offerings to meet demand and respond to the community's interests and needs. Highlights of the year include: Ɣ We offered the first "Hopkinton 101". This community fair-style event helps new and longtime residents learn more about their Town government and community resources, connects residents to services and resources available to them through Town departments and local nonprofit organizations, and builds community by offering an opportunity for residents to socialize with each other and with the people who serve them. The event was incredibly well-received, and we will be hosting it again on March 30, 2019. Ɣ We hosted a visit by bestselling author Elizabeth Berg (The Story of Arthur Truluv). Ɣ We launched the Our Time Memory Cafe as a joint effort of the library, the Hopkinton Senior Center, and additional community partners, spearheaded by a resident. The Memory Cafe provides a welcoming place for people with dementia or memory loss and their caregivers to socialize with others and enjoy music, art, and other activities. Ɣ "A Glimpse of Indian Culture," proposed by a local resident, featured community members sharing dance performances, music, a skit, book readings, a photo booth, and more. Ɣ Participants in our inaugural "Girls Who Code" course presented their final projects to parents, relatives, and friends in the spring. This was a culmination of a year-long program where girls learned basic coding skills. A second session of Girls Who Code launched in the fall. Ɣ We offered several marathon-related events in the lead-up to the Boston Marathon, including bringing in college student Austin Prario to speak to teens. Austin told his compelling story of completing the Marathon after having several open heart surgeries. Ɣ Our first ever Young Adult Author Panel brought five local, published authors of young adult literature to the library to talk about their books and the writing process. Ɣ Our Children's Room programming increased and diversified, in part thanks to the support of many local volunteers. Volunteer-run children's offerings include long- standing programs such as music and movement (led by a resident) and reading to service dogs, as well as new Crafternoons for older elementary children run by a resident. 138 Ɣ We provided a platform for local teens to share their passions with their younger neighbors by presenting events for children. Topics have included robotics/STEM, magic, and chess. Each of these events has been enthusiastically received by participants and their parents, often so much so that we have brought the volunteers back to offer more. Ɣ We launched new book groups, including a "Young Adult Literature for Adults" group, a "Chat and Chew" lunchtime discussion group, and a group co-sponsored by the Hopkinton Diversity and Cultural Alliance. Ɣ Our Summer Reading program this year for our younger patrons was again popular, with 582 children and 397 teens participating. The Hopkins School partnered with the library to provide library reading logs to students as part of the school's own summer reading program. Ɣ Our Teen Advisory Group (TAG) continues to meet monthly to assist with planning and running events for teens, giving young adults an opportunity to have a voice in their library. We celebrated their participation with an ice cream party on the Common in June of 2018. The library is transforming Hopkinton by giving residents a platform and a place to engage with their town and with each other. We continue to actively pursue community partnerships and outreach, whether by participating in local events such as the Farmer's Market, Family Day, or the Holiday Stroll, by connecting with the schools to support teachers and energize students to read and learn, or by facilitating residents' or local organizations' ability to share their interests with the community by bringing them in to the library to plan and run events. We aim to build strong relationships with community members and groups throughout Hopkinton, thereby creating a stronger and more connected town. Our experiences in the past year have emphasized not only what the library does (such as providing information, offering events, and working with community members) but what the library is: a true community space. The library enriches Hopkinton by providing a space that is open and welcoming to every person. Visitors to the library on any given day will find the building full of people - and these patrons are not only in the library to take advantage of the resources available, but to make use of the bright, beautiful, comfortable, welcoming space. Residents come to the library for more than a book, a movie, or a program. They come to linger; to read, work, or relax; or to take advantage of the quiet study rooms or have their own meetings and events in the meeting rooms. The library has become a warm and welcoming "living room" for the town. In 2018 we began some significant initiatives and changes that will help the library provide services more effectively in the future. Most notably, we began our Strategic Planning process in the late spring/early summer. We conducted an intensive publicity campaign that included a town-wide mailing, social and traditional media advertisements, targeted outreach to community groups, and more, in an effort to ensure that we received feedback from as much of the community as possible. The response was very positive, and we received a tremendous amount of input through focus groups and a community survey. Data analysis to identify key themes, community needs, and areas of opportunity is still in progress. We experienced several changes in the library staff. Sara Hunter was moved to full-time, to enable her to more effectively handle key support tasks that are increasing in volume as the library becomes bigger and busier; the increase in efficiency of providing some of our services as a result of the change was quickly felt. We hired reference substitutes Michael Conboy and Sara Tomaino in the fall to provide support when regular staff are not able to assist patrons at 139 the reference desk. Several circulation substitutes also joined the team throughout the year: Ryan Colantonio, Andrea Conboy, Khyati Kuvadia, Ryann Mannan, Sarah McCool, and Uma Storm will help enable us to continue providing excellent service at the circulation and Children's Room desks on Saturdays and when regularly scheduled staff are out of the library. After these additions, the community learned that one staff member would be bidding farewell: Children's Librarian Denise Kofron announced her plans to retire at the end of January 2019, after 12 years serving the children of Hopkinton. We are grateful for Denise's contributions to the library and the town, and we wish her the best in retirement. In the 2,424 hours that the library was open in 2018: - 84,289 people came through our doors - a 68% increase over 2017. On average, one person enters the library every two minutes for every hour we are open. - 8,736 people visited our lower level, 8,679 visited the Young Adult Room during hours when the room was staffed, and 42,560 visited the Children's Room. - 1,277 people became new library cardholders - an average of 106 new cardholders per month, or 26-27 per week! - We circulated 148,975 books, audiobooks, DVDs, CDs, magazines, and other items (a 43% increase from 2017). On average, we are circulating one item per minute for each minute we are open. 14,325 (9.6%) of these items were obtained from other libraries through our C/W MARS network membership. - We circulated 17,927 downloadable books, audiobooks, and magazines, and 1,214 museum passes enabling Hopkinton residents to receive discounted admission to area museums. - 188 people used our local history collections - nearly double the use in 2017. - Our event rooms were used 269 times by Town and community groups. - Our quiet study rooms were used 1,827 times - an average of 152 uses per month. - We provided 3,690 public computer sessions - more than triple last year's number. Our website was visited 68,418 times. - Library staff answered 2,324 reference questions in person and via phone, e-mail, and social media (an 86% increase over 2017). - We offered 350 events for children, teens, and adults (a 79% increase over 2017), with a total of 5,593 people attending (nearly double last year's overall event attendance). - Volunteers contributed nearly 1,800 hours to shelve materials, run events, and complete other small tasks. Although it is impossible to entirely capture the priceless impact of the library on the Hopkinton community in quantitative terms, based on our use statistics, we estimate that the library returned more than $3 million in value to the community in calendar year 2018. The library's 2019 goals are to continue and build upon key work and initiatives begun in 2018. We aim to: Ɣ Complete the Strategic Plan, share it with the community, and put in place a technology plan articulating how we will use technology to support library operations and service to the community. Ɣ Add the new evening and Sunday hours that were approved in the FY19 budget alongside summer Saturdays. Ɣ Begin accepting after-hours meeting room reservations for Town departments, boards, and committees. 140 Ɣ Continue to diversify library programming for all ages. Ɣ Continue to build and maintain strong relationships between the library and community and to increase collaboration with community members and groups. Ɣ Improve library publicity to reach more people more effectively. Ɣ Continue an ongoing review and refresh of library policies and procedures to ensure that they are up to date and reflect new circumstances in the new building. Respectfully submitted, Heather Backman Library Director Library staff at our staff holiday celebration, December 2018 141 Hopkinton 101, March 2018 Time capsule bench, installed in June 2018 142   Mike McNamara, June Harris, Susan Porter, Stan Pulnik, and Margaret Wiggin HOPKINTON PUBLIC LIBRARY BOARD OF TRUSTEES The Hopkinton Public Library’s Board of Trustees is a five-member elected board responsible for overseeing the library for the benefit of the community. Working closely with the library director, members are responsible for establishing library policies and plans, assisting the Director in finalizing the budget, strategic planning, goals and objectives, and conducting public relations. The board meets at the Hopkinton Public Library at 7:00 pm on the third Thursday of each month, from September through June, and other times as needed. All meetings conform to the Open Meeting Law, and are posted with the town. The Board is proud and excited to have been involved with the first year’s operation of our newly renovated and expanded library. We have been working closely with Library Director Heather Backman to address building issues that have arisen as we settle in to the new space. An ongoing project with Heather is revising and rewriting Library Policies, in reference to new space and technology requirements of the new library. The Trustees are also working with the Director to develop a Strategic Plan to guide the library until 2021. Trustees have been on Focus Groups, and have been both Facilitators and Note Takers. The Trustees approved the Director’s budget proposal, which will be presented to the Hopkinton Selectmen. The May Town Election, brought several changes to the Board. Jessica King chose not to run again for Trustee. We miss her input and experience, but wish her the best. Stan Pulnik, a former long time Trustee, was elected to replace Jessica. We are thrilled to have him back on the Board. 143 The Board of Trustees is continuing to introduce ourselves to the community and to make everyone aware of who we are and what we do. To that end, we have held several meet and greet coffees at the library. Several highlights of 2018 include the following: In March, Trustees took part in the library’s hugely popular event, Hopkinton 101. This event brings Hopkinton non-profits into the library to expose the public to their offerings and for them to meet each other, with the possibility of working together. The Trustees had a table with information about what the Board of Library Trustees is entrusted to do for the library. Requests were made to make this an annual event, the 2019 Hopkinton 101 will take place on March 30th. July brought the Summer Saturdays opening, and the Trustees hosted a coffee and pastry table. There was a rededication of the beautiful Time Capsule Bench at that time. In August, the Hopkinton Public Library Director, along with Trustees Susan Porter and Stan Pulnik, hosted a visit by the Director, Children’s Librarian and Technology Librarian from the Hopkinton, NH Public Library. Their library was struck by lightning and burned in June, and our library reached out to offer assistance. They chose to visit us and view our new space in order to get ideas for their rebuilding. It was a very productive and convivial meeting, and we discussed future collaboration as “sister libraries”. October brought the First Anniversary of the library’s reopening. Trustees offered cider and doughnuts and led tours throughout the day. The main event at the celebration was the dedication of the Hopkinton Public Library Foundation’s 1000 Homes Plaque in the Church Street lobby. It is a beautiful tribute to Hopkinton residents who value all that our library offers the town. Also part of the anniversary celebration was a display of “Books in Bloom” (floral arrangements depicting a children’s book covers) sponsored in conjunction with the Friends of the Hopkinton Public Library and the Hopkinton Garden Club. The annual Hopkinton Holiday Stroll presented Trustees with the opportunity to read Holiday books and stories aloud to children in the wonderful new Children’s Room. Trustees attended many of the expanded programs offered by the library, both as official Trustee representatives and as interested patrons. The Trustees will continue to work closely with, and support the Friends of the Hopkinton Public Library and the Hopkinton Public Library Foundation by participation in their events, and public relations support. Trustees took part in/attended several events, including Book Sales in May and November, Mini Golf, and September’s Polyarts Apple Crisp Sale, among others. To further our collaboration, the three groups have decided to hold quarterly joint meetings, with each group hosting in turn. This way, we will be able to coordinate our support for each other. The Trustees have been kept up to date concerning ongoing staff hiring and development, and implementation of expanded hours of opening, as provided for in the annual library budget, approved by the Hopkinton Board of Selectmen. Concerning staffing, the Trustees wish retiring Children’s Librarian Denise Kofron our best, and hope she enjoys many years of happy travel! We will miss her greatly. The library continues to exceed expectations in increases of usage of all aspects of our new library. We celebrate the library’s success, and, again, are proud of our involvement. Our goals for 2019, as previously, are to continue our support for the Library Director, especially with policies relating to the new library. We will also continue make our Board more accessible to the public, by attending events and identifying ourselves, by taking part in Town Board meetings that pertain to library issues, and by being more present in the library Respectfully Submitted, Susan Porter Chairman Stan Pulnik Vice-Chair June Harris Secretary Michael McNamara Margaret Wiggin 144 HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT Maria Casey, SHRM-SCP Human Resources Director HR webpage: http://www.hopkintonma.gov/home/government/departments/hr The mission of the Human Resources (HR) Department is to create new, and improve existing, personnel policies and procedures that foster a team approach for all departments as they work to serve the citizens of Hopkinton. Moreover, we strive to create an environment that encourages employee feedback. In 2018, the HR Department continued to experience an increase in demand for its services from 287 Town employees. The workforce is comprised of 143 full- and part-time employees (work more than 20 hours), 33 employees (work less than 20 hours), and 111 seasonal and per diem (as needed) employees. In addition, the Town has 50 Senior Workers, a program that affords seniors the opportunity to volunteer in various departments and receive an abatement on their 3rd & 4th quarter real estate taxes. The HR Staff to Employee Ratio for this year was .93 -- that is that there is 93% of an HR FTE staff for each 100 employees. The most common ratio, as reported by IPMA-HR, is a 1:100 ratio. Through HR, the Town welcomed 23 new employees and said goodbye to 9 employees including Youth & Family Services Director Denise Hildreth. Though we are happy for Denise’s new opportunity, she will be greatly missed and in the words of a Personnel Committee representative “what a legacy she built.” The Town also said Goodbye to our beloved Senior Center Director Cindy Chesmore on April 9, 2018. This was a great loss to her family and the community. Cindy (pictured on the left) had just celebrated 30 years of selfless and dedicated service to the Town on February 1, 2018. She was a dear colleague and friend to many employees. We truly miss Cindy! _______________________________________________________ _____ The Town also said Adios/Au Revoir/Auf Wiedersehn to James “Russell” Lukey. Russ retired on November 2, 2018, after 32 years of the service to the Public Works Department. Rumor has it, he’s become the next phantom gourmet visiting as many restaurants as is possible with his wife, Arlene. 145 Town Retirement Party – L - R John Westerling, Kim Benitich, Marc Carlisle, Matt Gogan, Skip Lukey (retired & Russ’ brother), Norman Khumalo, Mike Mansir, Russ Lukey, Bill Lukey (retired & Russ’ brother), Eric Carty. The Town has 375 retirees and manages the benefits for 202 of those retirees. This year, we met with 40 town/school retirees. These appointments can average up to an hour-and-a-half depending on the retiree’s individual circumstances. What was new this year for retirees is that the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) recently issued Medicare cards that use new unique numbers in place of cardholder SSNs. CMS says “We’re taking this step to protect our seniors from fraudulent use of Social Security numbers, which can lead to identity theft and illegal use of Medicare benefits.” The coordination between the Town, Middlesex County Retirement System (MCRS), Mass. Teachers Retirement System and Social Security continues to be complex and the regulations with regard to Prescription Coverage are rigid. If you anticipate retirement in the next year, please set up an appointment with Kristin Merrill. You are always welcome to stop by; however, because these appointments are so important and require preparation, we ask that you schedule the appointment ahead of time. Another change for retirees was the change in Health & Dental providers. The premiums were cost neutral and the Town was able to negotiate enhanced benefits. This change had an impact on the HR Department during Annual Open Enrollment for these two benefits; the HR Department met with and processed 452 enrollment applications for both employees and retirees and held its biennial Spring Benefits Fair. A major role of the HR Department is to support Training and Development for the Town employees. This includes working with Department Heads to identify the employee(s), selecting the appropriate vendor, evaluating the training program for effectiveness, negotiating reasonable fees and facilitating and coordinating the event. Training and Development was provided to employees in 2018 in the following areas: 182 employees received Sexual Harassment Prevention & Workplace Violence, 3 departments participated in Social Media training; HR Staff received MCRS, Leave Laws and HR Boot Camp; 8 employees received Labor Relations (HR, Police, Fire & Dispatch), 25 employees participated in Caring Work Community, 1 employee received Supervisory Leadership Development Program and 15 employees received Effective Leadership Development (ELD) -- the most recent class is pictured below. The HR Director partnered with the Town Manager advising, coaching and/or guiding all supervisors and more particularly those that are fairly new in their role. 146 The Town Manager presents Training Certificates to the ELD Class – L - R Eric Carty, Aaron O’Neil, Scott van Raalten, Elaine Lazarus, Gary Daugherty, Norman Khumalo, Shaun McAuliffe, Instructor Marc Wey, Mike Mansir. Another area where HR involvement and strategy is critical is Recruitment and Selection. Hiring the right person for the right position at the right time is important in supporting the organization to provide customer-centric excellence to the residents. The HR Director worked collaboratively on the promotions of the Amy Beck, Senior Services Director, and John Sheridan (pictured below), Fire Lieutenant – Training Officer. For all positions, HR screened 182 applications, participated on 40 team interview panels, collectively interviewing 123 candidates for 30 full- time, part-time, temporary or per diem recruitments. In addition, the HR Director participated in the Fire Promotional Assessment Center for the Fire Lieutenant. The Fire Dept Promotion of John Sheridan to Lieutenant. L-R Carl Harris, John Krauss, Doug Lewis, Tom Poirier, Jim Gosselin, John deRivera, Josiah Cambell, Bill Krauss, Steve Slaman, Pat Gross, Gary Daugherty, John Sheridan, Bill Miller, Brendan Tedstone. Others areas where HR participated in or had a role in: The HR Director attended Hopkinton Family Day, Police National Night Out, Fire Open House and the Opiates Discussion by Middlesex District Attorney Marian Ryan. The HR Director worked with a subcommittee of the Senior Leadership Team who devised a new performance evaluation tool and process. The HR Generalist dedicated a lot of time and effort into the Wellness Program as its Wellness Manager. 147 The HR Department partners with and/or advocates for all employees across the organization with regard to Attendance & Leave, Benefits & Insurance, Classification & Compensation, Collective Bargaining with 4 units, Compliance, Employee Relations, Employee Assistance Program (EAP), Performance Evaluation & Management, The Employee Handbook, Personnel Policies, Recognition & Reward, Recruitment & Selection, Succession Planning, Termination & Retirement, Training & Development, Injured-on-Duty (Police & Fire) & Workers’ Compensation and Wellness. Partnering with the Town Manager, this year was extremely busy with the change in Health & Dental Insurance providers, along with the Injured-On-Duty provider. Finally, the great news was the relocation from temporary quarters at South Street back to Town Hall, the work home among homes. There was no disruption in services to the residents while staff were relocated. Personnel Committee The Personnel Committee is an advisory committee charged with providing guidance, feedback and advice on matters regarding Town employees working collaboratively with the Town Manager and Human Resources Director. They are grateful to the committee members and each of their areas of HR expertise. This year, the Town had the opportunity to work with Patricia Sinacole on the Classification & Compensation update and the Mass Equal Pay Act (MEPA). The Personnel Committee met on September 10, 2018, to review the plan and approved the Plan at its meeting of September 18, 2018. The Town Manager and HR Director appreciates the dedicated committee and time that the committee gives back to our community through their service. Committee Members: Patricia Duarte, Chair, Kathy Laflash, Curtis Morrison, Patricia Sinacole and Garry Russell 148 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT The Information Technology Department is charged with developing global Information Technology vision for the Town. This includes planning, budgeting, implementation, and the day to day management and support of all information technology infrastructure and staff. The Information Technology Department supports all technology platforms and systems for Town Hall, Police, Fire, Department of Public Works, Library, and Senior Center. The Information Technology Department supports the use of technology to advance the Town’s goals: communication, transparency, efficiency, and service. For the majority of 2018, the Information Technology department was staffed by one full-time Director, one full-time GIS Coordinator, and one part-time technician. In December 2018, the IT department added one full-time Network Systems Administrator to the Department. 2018 saw Town Hall relocate from our temporary location of 80 South Street back to our original home at 18 Main Street. The IT Department played an important role in the rebuilding of Town Hall infrastructure in preparation for the move. Over 90% of internal networking was replaced as part of the project, which included an additional intermediate distribution frame (IDF) in a new location, designed to streamline physical networking in the building. The building-wide WiFi system was upgraded, and a new electronic message board was added to the lobby as an additional location to share information and public meeting notices with residents visiting Town Hall. Phase two of the Town’s public safety security upgrades were complete in 2018, which included upgrades and consolidation of existing public safety video systems, the addition of security cameras at the Fruit Street Garage, as well as new video intercoms installed at Hopkinton Fire, allowing Public Safety Dispatch the ability to speak to guests at external doors and remotely open doors at the Fire Department when station coverage may be low due to incident response volume. 2018 saw a continued increase in technology deployments within public safety vehicles; including an iPad pilot program in police cruisers which replaces legacy hardware. This will provide Hopkinton Police Officers with increased features and functionality, as well as being less expensive than the laptops traditionally found in cruisers. The IT Department also deployed new mobile technology to DPW Managers, allowing them to more easily stay connected to the office while out at job sites. In 2018 Hopkinton launched a fully redesigned website, which includes a new boards and committee database, a new application process, and a new transparency center containing visual budgets that allow you to see a detailed view on how your tax dollars are spent. This information is updated as new budgets are approved, and then updated to actual spending once the fiscal year is complete. In conjunction with a CPC funding, and working with the Cemetery 149 Commission, Hopkinton scanned and indexed hundreds of old cemetery records. This allows for online access to historical archives that were not previously electronically indexed or available online, and is one of the first examples of such a system in Massachusetts. While this has been online and available since December 2018, an official Press Release and additional public notification is planned for February 2019. Hopkinton has continued to make a conscious and deliberate effort to publish timely and relevant information and engage with residents via social media. News, town updates, meeting notice reminders, and general happenings around town are posted often; averaging 140 tweets per month in 2018. 140 tweets per month, 140 characters per tweet - coincidence? ;) This continues to be well received by residents, as we saw a 55% increase in twitter impressions in 2018 as compared to the previous year. Give us a follow. This is one of the best ways to stay up to date on all things Hopkinton! https://twitter.com/HopkintonMA https://www.facebook.com/hopkintonma.gov The IT Department completed a number of other core-networking infrastructure upgrades in 2018. Most importantly; an upgrade to redundant firewall systems including increased internet speed and backup generator power, and decommissioning of legacy physical servers. These initiatives further strengthened the Town of Hopkinton’s IT security posture. The Information Technology department would like to once again thank the residents of Hopkinton for their continued support and investments in technology that allow us to work with boards, committees, and other town employees to ensure we have resilient systems allowing all those who touch technology to work most effectively and efficiently. We look forward to continuing to serve you in 2019. Respectfully Submitted, Joshua Grossetti Director of Information Technology  150 During 2018 Pulte’s residential construction of 425 Condo Units at Legacy Farms North continued to progress. The construction of 180 age-restricted units also started at Legacy Farms North at the end of the year. The Inspectional Services Department consists of a full-time Director, a part-time Inspector of Buildings, a part-time Plumbing and Gas Inspector, a part-time Electrical Inspector and Administrative staff. Zoning enforcement and zoning reviews continue to consume a majority of time in the Department. The 9th Edition of the Building Code went into full effect on January 1, 2018. The Inspectional Services staff continues to pursue educational training to keep up-to-date with these changes in codes and construction techniques to maintain certification levels. We continue to maintain safety and service as our highest priority and look forward to serving the community in the next year. Respectfully submitted, Charles E. Kadlik Director of Municipal Inspections Zoning Enforcement Officer BUILDING REPORT In accordance with applications filed in this office for the period starting January 1, 2018 and ending December 31, 2018 building construction in the Town of Hopkinton for the past year is as follows: New: Commercial. Bldgs Permits Issued: 3 Estimated Value: $747,060.00 Fees Collected: $7,472.00 Alterations To Same Permits Issued: 89 Estimated Value: $17,636,397.00 Fees Collected: $160,136.00 New: Assembly Bldgs 0 Alts To Assembly Bldgs 0 Institutional Bldgs (New) 0 Alts To Institute. Bldgs 0 New: Residential Bldgs Permits Issued: 127 Estimated Value: $27,829,802.00 Fees Collected: $278,363.00 Alterations To Same Permits Issued: 776 Estimated Value: $14,637,013.00 Fees Collected: $150,664.00 INSPECTIONAL SERVICES 151 New: Misc. Structures Permits Issued: 75 Estimated Value: $1,680,442.00 Fees Collected: $18,880.00 Alterations To Same 0 Wrecking Permits Issued: 13 Estimated Value: $197,280.00 Fees Collected: $1,999.00 Certificates of Compliance, Use & Occupancy: 924 Certificate of Inspection: 32 Fees Collected: $1,160.00 Building: Total Permits Issued 2017: 1083 Total Estimated Value: $62,727,994.00 Total Fees Collected $617,514.00 GAS/PLUMBING REPORT 7/1/17 - 6/30/18 Deposits: $60,440.00 Payroll: $54,970.00 Expenses: $879.06 WIRING REPORT 7/1/17 - 6/30/18 Deposits: $95,588.00 Payroll: $61,135.00 Expenses: $1,339.91 152 HOPKINTON MARATHON FUND COMMITTEE The first meeting of the Hopkinton Marathon Fund Committee took place on September 24, 1986. The Committee met to propose various ideas for allocating a $15,000 gift to the Town from the Boston Athletic Association (BAA). Discussion included ways to promote and support variety of youth athletics and recreational programs. Most of the money went into the Town of Hopkinton general fund until 1987 when the Board of Selectmen directed the Marathon Fund Committee to disburse the funds left over from any Marathon related expenses as outlined and approved by the Hopkinton Marathon Committee. Since that time, many Hopkinton groups have benefited from the BAA gift including: Babe Ruth Baseball, Hopkinton Jr. High Soccer, Baseball, Football and Hockey teams, Cross Country Ski Team, Graduating Student Athletes, Hopkinton Lacrosse, the Hopkinton Senior Center, Little League Baseball, and Parks and Recreation requests. In 2018, the entire community benefitted as once again, the Committee was able to provide some funding in support of Friends of Hopkinton Family Day. The Hopkinton Marathon Committee is responsible for coordinating all aspects of the start of the Boston Marathon. It has always had the charge of forecasting all race related expenses in advance and approving those expenses which are then processed and approved by the Board of Selectmen. The Hopkinton Marathon Committee works very closely with the BAA, and ensures that all aspects of the start of the Boston Marathon are coordinated through the Committee as directed. After all of Marathon related expenses have been approved, processed, and paid there are funds which remain in BAA Gift Account. This leftover amount is what the Hopkinton Marathon Fund Committee distributes. The fund is for use in the areas of recreation and athletics and the Committee encourages organizations, groups, and teams to make requests for use of the fund for those purposes; and in making recommendations of use of the fund, we attempt to support as many of those organizations, groups, and teams as possible. Procedurally, the Hopkinton Marathon Fund Committee has operated under the following criteria: ●First come, first serve ●Purchases may be for materials, equipment or service ●Three bids should be submitted for consideration of a request The annual scholarships for graduating high school seniors have been especially gratifying, as well as programs for the Hopkinton Senior Center have served to be an important measure and demonstration of community support. After paying BAA Marathon expenses, funds remained for the Hopkinton Marathon Fund Committee to use. These funds were allocated to: ●Six student-athlete scholarships for Hopkinton graduates ●Games and equipment rental for the post prom party 153 ●The Council on Aging and Hopkinton Senior Center exercise programs ●The Hopkinton Police Association Fishing Derby ●The Hopkinton High School Baseball Field ● Hopkinton High School Girls Lacrosse ● Hopkinton Running Club 10K ● Friends of Hopkinton Family Day We thank the Town of Hopkinton for its on-going support and look forward to serving the community in 2019. Respectfully Submitted, Carole Nathan, Chairperson Colleen Charleston, Secretary John Coutinho, BOS Liaison Meena Bharath, Hopkinton School Committee Representative Mary Jo LaFreniere, Marathon Committee Representative Amy Markowitz, Hopkinton Parks & Rec. Representative 154 HOPKINTON MARATHON COMMITTEE The Hopkinton Marathon Committee (HMC) was established in 1979 and members are known to many as the stewards of the start of the Boston Marathon. The committee works in collaboration with the Boston Athletic Association to ensure that the annual running of the world’s most prestigious marathon is a safe and successful event for all involved. The planning, organization, and effort required to accomplish this is a yearlong challenge which is addressed by a dedicated group of volunteers and department representatives. The committee’s purpose is to guide and help coordinate all marathon logistics within Hopkinton working with the B.A.A., all town departments, residents, and businesses to ensure all race operations are made with the best interest of Hopkinton. Those of us involved in the planning and execution of the start of the Boston Marathon take great pride in representing Hopkinton. The committee is comprised of department representatives from Hopkinton Police, Fire, Highway/DPW, Schools, Parks & Recreation, Board of Health, and at-large committee members who also serve as B.A.A. Start Team 155 Captains who coordinate various official volunteer teams including, Elite Runner Start Marshals, VIP Runner Program, Start Corral Marshals, Information Kiosks/Town Common & Athletes’ Village Team, Parking & Bus Shuttle Program, Wheelchair Push-rim, Handcycle & AWD Athlete Marshals, Donated Clothing Program, Race Announcer & Start Line Painting, Starters Platform, and VIP Start Grandstand Seating. Hopkinton Marathon Committee members; Police Lt. Joseph Bennett, Jean Cann, Alex Danahy, Jane Goodman, Craig Gormley, MaryJo LaFreniere, Jack Leduc, Police Chief Ed Lee, Bob Levenson, DPW Manager Mike Mansir, Amy Markovich, Bob McGuire, Deputy Fire Chief Bill Miller, Adam Munroe, Judy Pitasi, Police Lt. Jay Porter, Fire Chief Steve Slaman, Hopkinton Schools Facility Director Tim Persson and Chuck Wallace. This year, the start of the Boston Marathon was a huge challenge with persistent heavy rain, relentless wind and cold conditions. The horrendous weather did not deter the committee members from performing their duties and showing extraordinary leadership in the midst of difficult circumstances on race day. Public Safety and DPW officials did an outstanding job making the necessary changes considering all the obstacles their departments faced due to the miserable weather on race morning. In recognition of Patriots’ Day, the Hopkinton Marathon Committee annually honors local veterans on the starters’ platform for their service to our country. Four Hopkinton veterans where introduced; Police Detective Bill Burchard - US Army Reserves, Fire Lt Gary Daugherty Jr., - US Air Force, Police Sgt. Aaron O’Neil - US Army Reserves, Russell Phipps – US Navy, and Police Officer Phil Powers, Sr.- US Air Force, Mass Air National Guard, and NH National Guard. Retired New England Patriot Tedy Bruschi thanked the veterans for their service and presented them with commemorative gifts. The Hopkinton Marathon Committee has had the privilege of selecting the official starters for Waves 2, 3, and 4 since 2006. This year the committee selected Rob Phipps, Al Rogers, and Anne Marcy, all former HMC members as the starters for 2018 Boston Marathon. Wave 2 Starter Rob Phipps, President of Paul M. Phipps Insurance Agency, Inc., served as chairman of HMC for 14 years from 1981 through 1996 when Hopkinton hosted almost 39,000 runners for the 100th Boston Marathon. His parents hosted runners from all over the world for years and Rob continues the tradition. Legendary runner Johnny Kelley often stayed with the Phipps family and Rob was often seen escorting him to the start. Rob recently retired, his contributions to the town are many having served on Hopkinton Education Foundation, Parks and Recreation Commission, and coached youth sports. Rob is an outstanding community leader who has donated generously to many organizations in town for many years. Wave 3 Starter Al Rogers, Facilities Director, longtime HMC member retired last year after 18 years with the Hopkinton Public Schools. He helped to coordinate the Athletes’ Village staging to protect the school property and the fields at the High School and Middle School, taking into account the tents, equipment, trucks, and thousands of athletes and volunteers. 156 Wave 4 Starter Anne Marcy, veteran HMC member, coordinated push-rim wheelchair athletes at the Center School for over 15 years. She also volunteered at the Information Booth on the town Common and helped with VIP Seating program for many years. This year will be one for the record books in terms of weather impeding and presenting many race day logistical challenges. However, we all persevered working together amid the cold and rainy conditions to make sure the start was successful! I am very proud of our committee members and salute them for their leadership and dedication this year. Once again, it was a pleasure working with such an amazing group of people! We especially want to thank the Boston Athletic Association, Board of Selectman, Town Manager, Town Manager’s Office, Town Departments, committee liaison Brian Herr, community partners, local businesses, organizations, volunteers, and residents of Hopkinton for your continued support! It All Starts Here! Respectfully submitted, Dorothy Ferriter-Wallace, Chair 157 OPEN SPACE PRESERVATION COMMISSION The Open Space Preservation Commission was established in 1980. Its charge is to identify parcels of land available for acquisition that would enrich the quality of life in Hopkinton by providing land for passive recreation such as hiking, horseback riding, cycling and other non motorized activities; as well as protection, preservation and restoration of our woodland, wetlands, water resources and scenic views. These parcels may also offer links to other recreation and open space lands as well as wildlife corridors. The Commission works with property owners or their agents to determine the best means of acquisition (i.e.; purchase, donation or placement of conservation restrictions on development). The Open Space Preservation Commission consists of five members including representatives from the Planning Board, Conservation Commission, and the Board of Selectmen, with two at-large members. In 2018, the Open Space Preservation Commission considered several parcels of land for acquisition. The Commission determined the parcels were not in keeping with the 2017 Master Plan and the 2013 Open Space and Recreation Plan. The Commission determined to sponsor a Community Preservation Act Funding Application to the Community Preservation Committee for consideration of placing a Conservation Restriction on twelve town-owned open space parcels. A Commission member served on the Dog Park subcommittee. The Commission extends its best wishes and appreciation to former member and Chair Mr. John Ferrari for his past years serving on the Commission. The Commission welcomed Mr. Fran DeYoung as a new member. Jeff Doherty, Chair, Member At-Large Edwin Harrow, Vice Chair, Conservation Commission Representative Fran DeYoung, Planning Board Representative Nancy Peters, Member At-Large Brendan Tedstone, Board of Selectmen Representative 158 PERMANENT BUILDING COMMITTEE In Fiscal Year 2018 the Permanent Building Committee (“PBC”) closed out two major capital projects, the Library expansion and the new DPW facility. No other Projects were overseen by the PBC. The Library expansion was open to the public in the fall of 2017 with completion of punch list items occur throughout the year. Additional work was being overseen by the PBC that will proceed into the next year but the Project is closed and will be under budget by close to $200,000. The PBC continues to work on finalizing the building’s LEED Certification. DPW operations continued at the Wood Street locations with punch-list items being completed with the Project Budget coming in on budget. The solar array installed on the roof, donated by local company Solect, was completed. Electricity savings will begin to be realized in the coming year. The PBC would like to thank our Town Engineer, Dave Daltorio, for his support, advice and efforts in maintaining the Town’s numerous facility investments. In addition, we want to recognize the Library Director, Heather Backman, and DPW Director, John Westerling, for their tireless contributions in making the Library and DPW projects a success. Respectfully submitted, Permanent Building Committee 159 PLANNING BOARD The responsibilities of the Planning Board are established by state law and by Town bylaws. They include preparing a Master Plan for the Town, recommending designation of scenic roads and administering the Scenic Roads regulations, review of and action on subdivision and approval-not-required plans pursuant to Massachusetts General Laws Ch. 41, adoption of Subdivision Rules and Regulations for the Town, review of and action on plans pursuant to several zoning bylaws including Open Space and Landscape Preservation Development, Commercial Solar, Garden Apartments in Residential Districts, Open Space Mixed Use Development Overlay District, Flexible Community Development, Site Plan Review, Neighborhood Mixed Use District, Off-Street Parking, Hotel Overlay District, and Common Driveways. The Board also issues Earth Removal and Stormwater Management Permits and develops and holds public hearings on proposed zoning articles and presents them to Town Meeting for adoption. In 2018, the Planning Board approved the following applications: Site Plan Review - Major Projects Approved: Ɣ Hopkinton High School, Bus Parking Lot – 90 Hayden Rowe Ɣ The Trails at Legacy Farms (Wilson St./Legacy Farms North) – 180 age-restricted condominium units Ɣ Maspenock Woods (West Elm St.) – modification of approved Garden Apartment Development site plan and building designs Site Plan Review – Minor Projects Approved: Ɣ 84, 86, 88 & 92 West Main St. – Global Companies – Service Station/Convenience Store – Redevelopment Project Ɣ 52 South St. – Dell/EMC – After the Fact Application – modification to approved Site Plan Scenic Road Applications Approved: Ɣ 2, 4, 6, 8 Saddle Hill Rd. – Saddle Hill Realty Trust Ɣ 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22 Saddle Hill Rd. – Saddle Hill Realty Trust Ɣ 17 South Mill St. – Robert & Angela Rizzo Ɣ Chamberlain St. – REC Hopkinton, LLC Ɣ 120 Pond St. – Vincent D’Eramo Ɣ 84 Spring St. – John Cardillo Approval-Not-Required Plans endorsed: 19 plans, creating 13 new building lots Stormwater Management Permits Issued: Ɣ Wilson St./Cedar St. – Solar Facility – TJA Solar Ɣ 55 Wilson St. – Secondary Access Road for LNG Facility – Eversource Energy Residential Subdivisions Approved: Ɣ Chamberlain St./Whalen Rd. – 32 new building lots – REC Hopkinton, LLC Earth Removal Permits granted: Ɣ 253 Lumber St. – NESI Granite Quarry At the 2018 annual town meeting, the Planning Board sponsored several zoning bylaw/zoning map change proposals, and the following were adopted: 160 Ɣ Special Permit Duration – change from 2 to 3 years Ɣ Statutory Protection for Building Permits & Special Permits – change from 6 to 12 months Ɣ Fine for Zoning Violations – change from $100 to $300 per day Ɣ Industrial A District Building Height – remove reference to number of stories Ɣ Industrial B District Building Height – remove reference to number of stories Ɣ Recreational Marijuana – repeal temporary moratorium on marijuana establishments, adopt new bylaw prohibiting some types of recreational marijuana establishments Board members represented the Planning Board on the Zoning Advisory Committee, Community Preservation Committee, Open Space Preservation Commission, Design Review Board, and the Center School Reuse Advisory Team. The Board thanks members John Ferrari, Cliff Kistner, Irfan Nasrullah and Kelly Karp who left the Board this year, for their time and contributions during their service. Principal Planners Jennifer Burke and Georgia Wilson left their position this year to pursue other opportunities, and the Board thanks them for their service and contributions to the Town. The Board also would like to thank members of the public for their participation and input at the meetings. The input is very valuable to the members during deliberations and in reaching our decisions, and it improves the process. Muriel Kramer, Chairwoman Francis DeYoung, Vice Chairman Francis D’Urso David Paul Amy Ritterbusch Mary Larson-Marlowe Carol DeVeuve Gary Trendel Deborah Fein-Brug 161  HOPKINTON POLICE DEPARTMENT “The members of the Hopkinton Police Department are committed to strengthening the partnership between our organization and our community. We will be guided by constitutional, professional and community standards while we strive to provide the highest level of public safety. We value honesty, excellence, tolerance, compassion and fairness.” 2018 was a successful year for the Hopkinton Police Department, accomplishing much as an organization. With the proper guidance and leadership, along with the commitment from our employees, we have come up with innovative ways to cover shifts and reduce forced overtime, while keeping morale up. In fact, we were able to once again come in under budget. I undertook a feasibility study of K9 Unit including feasibility, process & grants availability. I am pleased to report that acquiring a K9 Unit was not only feasible, but it has become a reality. We applied for and successfully received a grant from the Stanton Foundation for $25,000. This covers the cost of the K9, outfitting a police cruiser for the dog, a kennel, veterinary bills, training for the K9 Officer, as well as backfill overtime for the K9 officers absence while training. We had a selection process and Brian Sanchioni, a three year veteran of the HPD, is now our K9 officer. Officer Sanchioni was also vetted my members of the Stanton Foundation to ensure suitability and commitment to becoming a K9 Officer. I am confident Officer Sanchioni will rise to the occasion as he has done on many assignments. He began his training in Boston in September and at that time the dog (Titan) was chosen after determining that he was best suited for Officer Sanchioni and the Departments needs. The training lasted 12 weeks. I believe that this is an excellent enhancement to the Department, especially in the area of tracking, where we have had to rely many times on outside agencies to assist in this area. Titan will also serve as a fantastic community service tool, and I have already received much interest from the public who have offered to assist in any way they can. Another area of growth in the Department is the expansion of School Resource Officer position / Work with Youth Services & School to develop parent info on teen stress, mental health, suicide prevention, continue youth alcohol & substance abuse awareness programs. 162  Thanks to the generosity of the town, we were able to receive a new position in the budget with the specific purpose of growing the SRO program. We began by reviewing the current workload of the School Resource Officer. We researched community standards, as well as industry Standards for schools to officer ratio. We contacted N.A.S.R.O. for best practices for officer participation and allotment of time based on age groupings, and we conducted a survey of teachers and school administrators of effectiveness of SROs. What we found is that there was a need for more of a presence and time at our secondary schools. There was also a high approval rate of the SRO program and that expansion was needed. That research of area towns and NASRO showed that SRO ratio to schools and student population was less than optimal. We concluded there was a need of additional presence of SROs at secondary schools. With the funding for the extra position, I decided that we would train two part time SRO’s. This is ideally the best method for the officers to split time at the secondary schools while being able to split time in their patrol duties, and not affect scheduling of shifts. Of course Officer Phil Powers will focus on the High School, but will still be able to respond to the Middle and Elementary schools as needed. We conducted a selection process, and we have chosen two great candidates for the positions - Officers Matt Santoro and Ben Stickney. They completed their training and were ready to go for the beginning of school year. Office Powers continues to mentor our new School Resource Officers. I believe we have had a successful year in the area of raising awareness of alcohol and substance abuse with our youth. We continue our collaborative effort with the School Department, as well as the Youth Coordinator. One of our biggest partners has been the Central South Middlesex Opioid task force. We have received much training and education in the area of substance abuse. They have sponsored many programs to educate police school 163  officials, and as well our own Youth Coordinator on many topics that lead to the problem of addiction such as stress, and mental health issues especially amongst the youth. Suicide is an issue that has affected the town and this area that we and our partners have and continue to receive training and updates so we can continue to educate students as well as parents. We are fortunate to have been able to continue our grant with the Jail Diversion Program, which gives us access to a mental health advocate. In fact, the program has grown to where we now have access to an additional advocate, as well as more training for our officers in the area of mental health. Problems or warning signs with the youth of the community are not always detected in school. Much of the information comes from responding officers detecting problems at home that could lead to addiction, mental health problems or possibly suicide. This advance training in this area has certainly raised awareness and officers now have the tools to recognize signs and more importantly get the proper help. SRO Phil Powers continues to play a key role in both awareness and compliance. We have instituted a policy on police response to underage parties. This has been a collaborative effort which details the school policy in order to guide officers on the response, and actions to take on handling these incidents. Our response has been positive, and has served as a deterrent. We have enhanced efforts in compliance checks such as K9 searches, which have resulted in positive compliance with no violations. I worked on a joint goal with Town Manager and Fire Chief - Community Preparedness. It was a pleasure to work with my partners in this area. The plan that was derived and will be presented jointly to the BOS in a joint document, as well as a presentation. Below are some specifics to the Police Department in the area of preparedness which will certainly assist us in preparing the community. Ɣ Increase department wide training in incident command. Ɣ Department wide training level of ICS elevated Ɣ A review of the current status of Incident Command training was conducted. A higher base level of training was established. All staff were brought in line with the new level. Ɣ Provide Mayday Training to Fire Dispatchers. All full-time and most part-time dispatchers have all been trained. Ɣ Enhance training room in support of emergency preparedness. Technology enhancements and upgrades installed in the training room. A permanent workstation has been created. Two additional phones have been purchased, configured and installed. Additional computers have been set up. The network has been mapped to facilitate more efficient use. A police radio has been made available. This year was a very busy time for the Field Training and Evaluation Program (FTEP). Under the FTEP our new officers are assigned to training officers who mentor and provide them with direction throughout their training period. If you were around town you may have noticed that our new officers were paired up with the trainers for a total of eight months this year. Our officers who have completed the FTEP in 2018 are as follows: (indicates month they began their solo assignment) - Officer Benjamin Stickney (April) and is currently assigned to an SRO position. 164  - Officer Derek Morton (May) and is currently assigned to the evening shift. - Officer Moira (Molly) McGaffigan (August) and is currently assigned to the evening shift. - Officer Jay Deiana (August) and is currently assigned to the evening shift. - Officer Preston Mucciarone (November) and is currently assigned to the midnight shift. - Officer Ryan Polselli (November) and is currently assigned to the midnight shift. The ability to provide the necessary training to these officers could not have gone as smooth as it did without the direction of the FTEP Commander, Lt. Porter. Under his direction, FTEP Coordinator, Sgt. McNeil was able to schedule and provide direction to the real work horses, the Field Trainers. A special thanks to Officer John Corridan, Officer Arthur Schofield, Officer Peter Hontzeas, Officer Brian Sanchioni and Officer Matthew Santoro, our Field Trainers. We again had an effective year with regard to training members of our department; Training in 2018 consisted of - Sanchioni - K-9 Training - Santoro & Stickney - SRO Training and certification, Juvenile Legal Updates, ALICE and 2018 RAD - Dept. Completed 2017-2018 In-Service which encompassed - Legal Updates, Defensive Tactics, Stress Awareness, Combating Extremism, Domestic Violence, Procedural Justice. Totaling 640 hrs - Middlesex Firearms Trailer with Live-Fire Scenarios. No Cost to the Dept. - Over 680 hrs of Specialized Training offered to its officers. - Porter, van Raalten, O'Neil, DeRaad - Effective Leadership Development 10 week course. I have two lieutenants under my command: one handling the administrative functions, while the other handles the operational side. This frees up sergeants to some extent to concentrate on their main responsibility of supervising. I reviewed the current staffing levels of the Police Department and Public Safety Dispatch with ongoing and future growth of the town in mind. 165  Last August we hosted our fourth annual National Night Out to enhance our education of the public in the area of crime prevention. We had tremendous success with this event at our venue of the Town Common. It was very well attended. There were vendors there who added to the experience for all that attended. The K9 display that was put on by our partners from the Sheriff’s Department and was immensely enjoyed by all that gathered to watch. Next Year Titan will be the star of the show! This event continues to grow, and this coming year is going to be even better. The event not only educates the public, but it is an opportunity to meet with the community in a fun family setting. Once again, we enjoyed another successful running of the Boston Marathon, with cost savings and reallocation of manpower to address issues that had been brought forth from the previous year. 2018 was a huge success. We utilized the same security plan as in 2017. The months of planning and preparation resulted in a high level of security. Of course when the last runner crosses the finish line, planning begins right away for the upcoming year by focusing on our performance and how we can improve. We continuously strive to make the event safe and fun, and to improve on security and efficiency while trying to offer the best possible experience for the runners and spectators. We are grateful for our partners state, local and federal who help us complete our mission including our partnerships with HMC, BAA local, county, state and federal partners. We enjoyed our annual Bocci tournament where we faced off with the seniors and the Fire department. We did not continue our winning streak over FD but we plan to come back victorious next year. Below are some more of the other initiatives and programs that are notable: Ɣ New Union contract was settled with the Hiring and Promotional policies removed and integrated into current standards of the Hopkinton Police Department. Ɣ Research, creation and implementation of policies on the Job Descriptions for each facet of the Department- to include Chief, Lieutenant, Sergeant, Patrol, Dispatch Supervisor and Communications Officer. Ɣ Implement online crash reports requests Ɣ Autism Awareness Program. Ɣ Implemented the ALICE program in schools for preparedness of an active shooter. 166  Ɣ Incident Command Training for school administration and staff. Ɣ Worked with the schools for a more effective panic alarm system and protocols. Ɣ Follow the Bus Program where officers drive behind buses to enhance safety and prevent vehicles from passing. Ɣ Enhanced traffic enforcement in school zones. Purchase radar trailer to curb speeding. Ɣ Study on drop off routes and traffic crossings, and continue to implement best methods. Ɣ Purchase of Police Pickup truck. Money used from generous donation able to supplement shortage in fleet request. Ɣ Successful planning and implementation of security plan for the Boston Marathon. Ɣ Continued success of recruitment and hiring of candidates for both telecommunications and police officer positions. Ɣ National Night Out Ɣ Recognized as one of the safest Communities in the State and in the country, with continuous low crime rate. For the first time we partnered with Pink Patch Project and the staff The Emblem Authority to develop a pink patch to raise money. The Hopkinton Police Association helped start this project with the efforts to raise money in support of breast cancer awareness month (October).Patches were available at our police station at a cost of $10 per patch. We sold out the patches with 100% proceeds of over $5,000 being donated to a wonderful cause. One of our Dispatchers Evan Brooks was deployed with the Army and was gone from the Department since January 2018. He returned safely to the United States in November and we look forward to have him back working with us in 2019. Below Dispatchers don red shirts on friday to show support for our nation’s servicemen and servicewomen. 167  In closing we are looking forward to 2019 and building our relationships with the community in the essence of crime prevention. We will do this through continuous work with our partners and stakeholders. We will continue to move the department forward striving to provide the best training and equipment to keep our officers and the community safe. Respectfully submitted, Edward J. Lee Jr. Our New Department Pick-Up Truck purchased with funds from a generous gift from the estate of Mrs. Helen O’Brien 168  The following is snapshot of the incident types and frequency for 2018 INCIDENT TYPE 2018 INCIDENT TYPE 2018 INCIDENT TYPE 2018 209A Related 10 Breaking and Entering 1 Escort 32 209A Violation 0 B&E Attempt 0 Family Trouble 44 911 Incident 5 B&E Private 6 Fight 2 Abandoned MV 3 B&E Commercial 2 Fleet Maintenance 91 Accident Fatal B&E MV 4 Found Property 82 Accident no Personal Injury 340 Building Check 32 Fraud 87 Accident Non-Invest 41 CEMLEC 13 Harassment 22 Accident Unfounded 1 Check 911 Call 169 HIDTA 4 Accident w/ Personal Injury 28 Hit & Run MVA 49 Administrative Function 59 Civil Dispute 20 Homicide 0 Alarm 666 Community Relations 54 House Checks 299 Alcohol Violation 0 Complaint 70 Illegal Dumping 20 Alternate PSAP Call 3 Court 123 Information Request 3 Ambulance Call 1392 Credit Card Fraud 1 Indecent Exposure 0 Animal Calls 249 Custody Dispute 7 Insurance Purposes 0 Arrest 14 Crime Prevention 7 Investigation 8 Arson 0 Deliver Message 11 Junk Car Violation 1 Assaults 6 Disabled Motor Vehicle 250 Larceny 20 Assist Business 12 Disturbance 19 Licensing and Permitting 337 Assist other Police Agency 179 Domestic 30 Lockout 122 Assist Person 618 Driving Under Influence 22 Lost Property 55 Assist Town Department 715 DSS & 51A Related 2 On Duty Training 3 Missing Person 4 Mutual Aid from HPD 1 MV Check 488 MV Civil Infractions 214 MV Complaint App 148 MV Verbal Warning 1823 MV Warning 860 Narcotic Investigation 2 Narcotic Violation 2 Noise Complaint 87 Notification 13 OUI Accident Arrest 7 Parking Complaint 92 Parking Violation 95 Passenger Safety 9 Person Check 74 Preserve Peace 5 Property Check 1772 Protective Custody 7 Psychological 64 Radar Log 375 Rape 0 Recovered MV 2 Recovered Property 4 Reference Previous Incident 200 Remove Youths 0 Repossess MV 15 169  Road Hazard 318 Robbery 1 Safe keep Property 2 Serve Court Paper 173 Sex Offender Registration 5 Sex Offense 0 Stolen MV 8 Stolen Property 14 Sudden Death 10 Stolen Plate 1 Suicide 1 Suspicious Activity 296 Threats 13 Tow MV 2 Traffic Complaint 88 Traffic Detail 3 Traffic Enforcement 325 Tree on Wire 77 Trespassing 7 Unsecured Building 2 Vandalism 27 Vehicle Complaint 124 Violation of Town By-Law 8 Warrant Arrest 32 Warrant Service 5 Well Being Check 205 Wires Down 97 Weapon Violation 2 Note: Number of incident types may not accurately reflect the number of violations, charges or actions taken, where multiple occur under one incident type. 170 SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS Among the top ranked districts in Massachusetts, the Hopkinton Public Schools continuously strives to provide exceptional programming in academics and extracurriculars. It is only with the ongoing support of the community that students’ talents are nurtured and individual needs are met. Administrators, faculty, and staff pride themselves on an education focused on the whole child, as Hopkinton students are growing into a world so rapidly changing that it is impossible to predict the kinds of roles students might inhabit as adults and citizens. This past year, in collaboration with other town departments, elected officials, and town boards, the school district worked to gain approval of a $45,056,650 budget at the May 2018 Annual Town Meeting. In the ensuing months, this budget would prove to be challenging due to the growing numbers of students in the community. While the schools planned to begin with approximately 3,450 students, in August of 2018, the total student enrollment on opening day was 3,721. In planning the budget, the School District aligned spending with the School Committee’s Strategic Plan, the needs of students in our classrooms, and key initiatives identified in the School Improvement Plans. Central Office administrators, building principals, and other department heads conducted a multi-step, rigorous review of the budget within each department. These district leaders articulated budget priorities in a transparent, data-driven manner while maintaining and promoting a PK-12 vision of instructional excellence. Our administrators and district leaders must be commended for their collaborative efforts and focus on continuous improvement. The FY19 budget accomplished the following goals: Ɣ Staffing to support priority initiatives and enrollment increases Ɣ Increasing teacher leadership infrastructure at the elementary levels Ɣ Developing curriculum aligned with newly adopted social studies standards Ɣ Arranging targeted professional development Ɣ Addressing individual students’ learning needs Ɣ Expanding teaching repertoires, especially in ELA and mathematics Ɣ Using student learning data to plan and adjust instruction Ɣ Maintaining school facilities that support effective instruction Ɣ Opening of the Marathon Elementary School Personnel increases included in this budget were recommended to address the district’s increasing enrollment, the demands for English Language Learner teacher support, and special and general education needs. In addition to the general budget, Town Meeting also supported the following capital articles related to the school district: 1. System wide security upgrades 2. System wide School Technology 3. Facilities Improvements Districtwide 4. Walk-in Refrigeration Cafeterias 5. Wetlands Order of Conditions Engineering 6. School Bus Parking Lot 7. Automated External Defibrillators (AED’s) 8. Turf Field Project 171 As I leave the role of assistant superintendent and assume the position of superintendent, I am proud to lead a school district that receives so much support from elected officials, the community, parents, and school committee members. With schools that repeatedly score among the highest-ranking in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, it might be easy to grow complacent; however, I pledge to the Hopkinton community that I, alongside my exceptional administrative team and unparalleled teaching force, will continue to work to bring instruction that balances basics with innovation, to grow new programs, and to provide every child with an education that focuses on the learning journey, not just the destination. Respectfully submitted, Carol Ann Cavanaugh, PhD Superintendent of Schools 172 CENTER/MARATHON SCHOOL Hopkinton continues to be a community in which families choose to raise their children for the quality of our schools. The 2017-2018 school year was the final year for Center School, situated on the edge of the Town Common in a historic building, to serve as our educational home. Over the summer of 2018, we moved to our new school, Marathon Elementary School, located at 129 Hayden Rowe Street. Joining kindergarten and first grade in this move, was preschool. Marathon Elementary School provides high quality early childhood education for Hopkinton’s youngest learners, preschool - first grade. While at Center School, we welcomed many students during the 2017-2018 school year. The school year ended with an overall school enrollment of 473, comprised of 265 first grade students and 208 full day kindergarten students. The 2018-2019 school year began with an enrollment of 486; 226 first graders, 260 kindergarten students, and 70 preschoolers. This enrollment was an unexpected increase as NESDEC projections were for 202 kindergarten students. The Hopkinton Integrated Preschool is now located within Marathon Elementary School. This program was previously housed at Elmwood School. The preschool continues to support and educate three and four-year- old students who have been identified with a disability, along with a number of typically developing peers. The preschool inhabits four classroom spaces and has a low student/teacher ratio, with highly qualified General Education and Special Education teachers, experienced Related Services providers and highly trained Paraprofessionals working on their team. The Preschool will be permanently housed with the K-1 students and staff at the new Marathon School in the next school year. Given these increased changes in enrollment, the Elementary School Building Committee put forth a vote to the town to build an addition on the Marathon Elementary School building project, prior to construction completion. This vote was supported by the town. The timing of this allowed the architects to incorporate the addition into the building design seamlessly. The central focus at our level continues to be meeting the needs of all learners and supporting the whole child in a proactive manner, strengthening the foundation for all students. An excellent Early Childhood program is critical in providing students with a successful beginning at school. Continuous improvement is intrinsic to our educational programming. As we build upon previous learnings and current research, for both students and staff, our ability to meet the needs of all improves. Staff regularly review curriculum, assessment, and instruction during professional development opportunities, building based meetings, ongoing collaboration with a literacy coach, and weekly Professional Learning Community meetings (PLCs). This focus positively impacts student growth and facilitates adjustment to instruction. Supporting the alignment to state standards, district standards, and grade level consistency are Curriculum Teacher Leaders (CTLs) in the areas of English Language Arts, Math, Science, and History/Social Science. School Improvement Plan goals align with the District Strategic Plan. This focus is on student growth, the adjustment to practice, and the creation of a respectful school environment. Our SELT, Social Emotional Learning Team, plans and promotes a consistent, schoolwide, approach to meeting the social emotional needs of our students. The SELT is comprised of teacher representatives, the nurse, the guidance counselor, the school psychologist, a BCBA (Board Certified Behavior Analyst), the principal and assistant principal. In June of 2018, Assistant to the Principal, Janeen Sheelen, retired after 21 years supporting Center School students, staff, and families. When asked what Mrs. Sheelen should do once retired, students shared many responses, including be a lifeguard, work in a restaurant, and sit and relax. Center School also bid retirement wishes to first grade teacher Linda Jacob who retired after teaching 31 years. Students shared that Mrs. Jacob should sleep in, go to a museum, and be with her grandchildren in Singapore. We wished these educators well as we also bid farewell to Center School. 173 New staff joined Marathon in 2018: Assistant Principal Shannon Dickerson, Kindergarten teachers Kendall Barnett, Jaime Ferreira-Burgess, and Rachel Smith-Caffrey; English Language Educator Gisele Borghani and English Language Tutor Irene Coelho; Librarian Donna Mason; Paraprofessionals Susan Dykoff, Liz Flumere, Maria Gross, Kylee Ramsey, Janice Roberts, Jyothi Suddapalli, and Mandy Welby. We are fortunate to have strong community groups that supported Center School and continue to do so at Marathon. The Hopkinton Parent Teacher Association (HPTA) has sponsored a variety of enrichment activities including performances by Pumpernickel Puppets, storyteller Len Cabral, and character education singer Johnny the K. The Hopkinton Education Foundation (HEF) continues to provide grant opportunities for educators including The Green Zone. Mrs. Pickens, our guidance counselor, wrote a HEF grant which has provided unique, and as one student described them “amazing,” tools to exercise self-regulate, problem solve, and think critically. These are located in a room called The Green Zone.  Parents had a presence at Center School which has carried over to Marathon in a variety of roles including mystery reader, center facilitator, library volunteer, and time for teachers volunteer. Helping Hands volunteers the fall of 2018 contributed to a positive start to the school year, assisting students as they navigated their new surroundings, which unlike other years, was new to all (including staff!). We quickly settled in quite well, with the result of this teamwork being a positive start. We thank all families who support our school, for everything from at home coordinating classroom volunteers to reading with students in class. All volunteers contribute to our Marathon Elementary School community. We are grateful to be in the supportive Hopkinton community. Respectfully submitted, Lauren Dubeau, Principal 174 EDWARD HOPKINS SCHOOL Hopkins School began the 2017-2018 school year by welcoming 542 students to school on August 30, 2017. Hopkins’ total enrollment represented 263 fourth graders and 279 fifth graders. Hopkins School operated with 23 classrooms of students, making the average class size approximately 24 students per classroom. In addition to core instruction in Reading, Writing, Math, Science, and Social Studies, students participated in a well-rounded offering of Physical Education, Health, Art, General Music, and Techno-Library while at Hopkins School. Analysis of curriculum, instruction, and assessment was the focus of grade level and faculty meetings. A major area of focus was implementation of a new digital science curriculum, STEMScopes, which aligns to the 2016 MA Science Standards. Another focus for staff professional development focused on literacy, including the continued school adoption of the SRSD (Self-Regulated Strategy Development), as well work focused on improvement of guided reading instruction. Teachers strived to make data-driven and evidence-based decisions in order to improve student outcomes. Data points included results from the 2017 Massachusetts Curriculum Assessment (MCAS), STAR Math and Reading, the Benchmark Assessment System (BAS), the QRI Reading assessment and classroom-based assessments, such as math unit tests and writing samples. The results of these assessments helped inform teachers’ instructional decisions and determined which interventions, extensions, and supports might be necessary for students to make expected growth and progress. Hopkins celebrated a school-wide theme of “Only One You” throughout the school year to highlight the uniqueness of each individual in the building. Hopkins launched the year with an “Opening Ceremony,” that culminated in the whole school joining to form the image of the “H” on the Hopkins’ field. Among the many spirit days and Whole School Meetings, the school celebrated with a Random Acts of Kindness Week, and Anti-Bullying Week and an “I Am” march in the spring. The school year ended with a “Closing Ceremony,” complete with National Park Team banners and a “flashmob”. Principal’s Cabinet and the school’s HAWK Squad developed student leadership, organized service projects and promoted community building. Morning Meetings, consistent teacher language, and an emphasis on character education are ways in which Hopkins School maintained a respectful school and classroom community. Continued use of the Responsive Classroom (RC) approach to education could be seen throughout Hopkins and there was a strong push to further implement Social Emotional Learning programming at Hopkins through such efforts as Understanding our Differences (disability awareness), mindfulness practices, and yoga enrichment. The significance of each student and recognizing our similarities, strengths, and differences was key in creating an environment conducive to learning and growth. 175 There were a number of faculty and staff changes during the 2017-2018 school year as a result of retirements, moves and programmatic changes from the previous year. Mrs. Vanessa Bilello began her second year as the Principal of Hopkins School after serving as the Assistant Principal for two years and Ms. Julie Babson continued as the Assistant Principal. Mrs. Nicole Cook was hired as a Moderate Learning Specialist and Ms. Lauren Pardee in the role of Library- Media Teacher. Mrs. Marsha Montgomery was hired as a new paraprofessional. The Hopkins School Council met throughout the year. The Council reviewed budgetary proposals, programmatic changes, and provided guidance on the School Improvement Plan (SIP). The SIP was aligned to the District Strategic Plan. The Council members included parent representatives: Ms. Dawn Ronan, Ms. Lee Burns, Ms. Kim Cooper and Ms. Kristen Pedroli; community representative: Ms. Christina Perlov; and faculty representatives: Ms. Vanessa Bilello, Ms. Julie Babson, Ms. Carly Audet, Ms. Stephanie Doty, and Ms. Rachel Siegel. Strong community support continued to be evident at the Hopkins School during the 2017-2018 school year. The Hopkinton Parent Teacher Association (HPTA) continued its efforts to support students and teachers by volunteering and fundraising on behalf of Hopkins’ students. Fundraising supported enrichment programs, such as poet Lyn Hoopes, Techsploration, Yoga instruction and Understanding our Differences. Additionally, the Hopkinton Education Foundation (HEF) awarded Hopkins’ technology and library/media teacher a grant to support their innovative work with students in the library with their “SELebration Station” grant. Several events highlighted the community spirit at Hopkins School. The school held its annual Spring Curriculum Expos, with a focus on STEM instruction, with over 500 students and family members attending over the two nights. The annual Community Reading Day showcased the picture book, Ricky the Rock that Couldn’t Roll by Jay Miletsky. Another highlight included the 5th Grade Talent Show, where our fifth grade students (and staff) showcased their many talents and class spirit by entertaining parents and community members. All proceeds from this event went to benefit the Hopkins School garden project. Improving and maintaining the quality of the Hopkins School experience for our 4th and 5th graders would be an impossible endeavor without the support of the community, District Administration, parents, and teachers. In summary, the success of the 2017-2018 school year 176 ELMWOOD SCHOOL Elmwood School consists of all second and third-grade students attending Hopkinton Public Schools. As of October 2017, 504 students were enrolled at Elmwood School. This is an increase of fifteen students from the 2016-17 year. There were eleven second-grade classrooms with a total of 238 students and twelve third-grade classrooms with a total of 263 students. Class sizes averaged 20-22 students per class. The Hopkinton Integrated Preschool was housed at Elmwood School for the third and final year. The preschool continues to support and educate three and four-year-old students who have been identified with a disability, along with a number of typically developing peers. The preschool inhabits four classroom spaces. and has a low student/teacher ratio, with highly qualified General Education and Special Education teachers, experienced Related Services providers and highly trained Paraprofessionals working on their team. The Preschool will be permanently housed with the K-1 students and staff at the new Marathon School in the next school year. In the spring of the 2017-18 school year, Jennifer Ormerod was hired as a second-grade teacher for the 2018-19 school year. Her position was added in order to maintain a student: teacher ratio of 1: 21 after student enrollment in second grade grew. During the summer of the 2017-2018 school year, three teachers were hired to fill unexpected end- of-year vacancies. Keleigh Doherty and Laura Slook were hired as third-grade teachers. Lindsay Grover was hired as a Health teacher. We are excited to welcome these enthusiastic educators, who share a passion for teaching and an enthusiasm for learning with our students and teacher teams. According to State data, Elmwood School scored in the top percentiles on Spring 2018 MCAS tests in both ELA and Math. This ranking is due to the hard work of Center and Elmwood School teachers who continue to focus on effective, high-quality instruction to meet the needs of all students. PLC work continues to focus on student data and adjustment to practice which also contributes to student success. The primary focus of Professional Development opportunities for classroom teachers during 2017-18 continued to be Literacy Instruction and Social Emotional Learning. Curriculum Teacher Leaders (CTL) for each grade level in English Language Arts, Math and Science continue to reflect on and adjust curriculum maps at each grade level to support student growth, teacher adjustment to practice and the creation of a respectful school environment. The maps also serve to provide essential alignment between the three elementary schools. Curriculum Team Leaders took the lead in many professional learning community meetings throughout the 2017-18 school year and facilitated professional collaboration among grade level staff. Elmwood staff continued to implement Responsive Classroom practices through direct instruction in daily routines and school-wide expectations. Expanding knowledge of this positive approach has resulted in consistent practices across elementary schools while using a common language throughout the district. Elmwood School continued to benefit from the support of the HPTA who organized and 177 supported many wonderful activities at Elmwood School. We enjoyed two school wide book fairs this year. The HPTA also sponsored the costs of third grade Techsploration, Michael LaFosse-the Origami Guy and The Boston Tea Party, throughout the school year. Second graders enjoyed The Discovery Museum and a Potato Hill Poetry experience, also funded by the HPTA. All students at Elmwood School benefited from a year-long subscription to Scholastic News for the second year. In addition, we celebrated Literacy this year with a school-wide “March Madness” reading event that included book brackets and matchups and a school assembly where our Elmwood School “Favorite Pick” was announced with balloons and cheers! Each classroom and the library was given sixteen 2017 new release-Non-fiction hardcover books to enjoy, and the event was completely funded by the HPTA. The Kenyan runners, sponsored by John Hancock, Inc., returned to Elmwood School once again, as part of the “Scholars and Stars” Program. Kenyan elite marathon runners have been a tradition at Elmwood School since April 1993. The day included a rally in the school’s gym and classroom visits where students and runners shared traditions, motivation, and inspiration. In conjunction with our running theme and being heart healthy—the Hopkinton Running Club sponsored the Marathon Fitness Challenge again this year. Students were encouraged to run or walk 26.2 miles over an eight-week period. Many were successful and won gold medals, akin to those of the Boston Marathoners to signify their commitment to the challenge. Elmwood students and teachers celebrated fitness, a love of running, and healthy habits during the eight-week Marathon Fitness Challenge Program! 178 In summary, Elmwood School was successful in 2017-18, due to the commitment and combined efforts of the Superintendent of Schools, the Hopkinton School Committee, the Elmwood School Community, parents, and teachers. Submitted by, Anne M. Carver, Principal 179 HOPKINTON HIGH SCHOOL As a high school, we had a lot to celebrate in 2018. Our students continued to excel in the classroom. We developed new core values and beliefs about learning. We welcomed members of NEASC for our collaborative conference. We continued our work with social-emotional learning, focusing more on mindfulness. We teamed up with the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) to foster a more accepting school community. We hired five new, talented educators. We established a tutoring center for students to access additional support, and we established three clearly articulated goals around curriculum, peer observation, and student transitions. We strongly believe the Hopkinton school community provides a safe learning environment for all. We place an emphasis on community and caring about one another in an effort to ensure that students feel safe in school, both physically and psychologically. Our staff educates in a manner that encourages strong relationships and fosters respectful and caring interactions. During 2018, Hopkinton High School created new core values and beliefs about learning. Throughout the year, the administration met with Subject Matter Leaders, School Council, and the faculty to discuss the beliefs of Hopkinton as a school and community. After receiving feedback from these meetings, the acronym for HILLERS was created. It stands for honesty, innovative, leaders, life long learners, emphatic, respectful, and supportive. It is the focus of the staff to model these concepts, as well as integrate these ideals into their day to day instruction. 180 Hopkinton High School is consistently looking at different ways to enhance the students’ learning experiences while proactively addressing difficulties they may encounter. Student stress continued to be an area where we focused our attention. This year we adopted multiple mindfulness practices that were modeled to staff in faculty meetings. These practices were incorporated in the classroom by several staff members as well. In addition to stress management strategies, the student’s voice has been incorporated into various aspects of the school community including participation in hiring committees, monthly meetings with administration to discuss current issues at HHS, and various surveys. In an effort to foster a more accepting school community, HHS has made efforts to supply strategies and skills that better enable more effective assimilation for students that are new to the community. These strategies include working with the Anti-Defamation League to train UNITE mentors as well as creating the Hello Hillers and Student Ambassadors programs. In the classroom, our MCAS scores were recently published and 98% of last year’s 10th grade students (Class of 2020) scored Advanced/Proficient for ELA, 96% for Math, and 97% for Science. Our advanced placement scores were also very strong. For example, in May 2017, 463 students took a total of 1000 AP exams, in 25 different subject areas and 87.7% of our students received a passing score of three, four or five. Lastly, 95% of the Class of 2017 are pursuing higher education, with 91% attending a 4-year college or university. Also important to note, 71% of our students with an Individualized Education Plan (IEP) from the Class of 2017 are attending a 4-year college or university. In addition, Hopkinton High School continued to be recognized both locally and nationally in 2018. Once again, we were ranked as one of the top high schools in Massachusetts according to US News & World Report as well as other publications. HHS also received a Level 1 ranking designation from the Massachusetts Department of Education. We welcomed five very talented new teachers to our staff in the World Language, Science, Special Education, History/Social Sciences, and our Athletics departments. In addition to new staff, our focus areas for the 2018 school year included curriculum alignment, peer observation, and student transitions. By December of 2019, we anticipate articulating what proficiency looks and sounds like in content areas with a focus on depth of understanding and critical thinking. 181 The goal is for all courses to be aligned and our curricula written and formatted in a common way, which will be made available online for teachers, students, and parents to access, otherwise known as Stage 1 of the UbD model. Our second goal is to foster an even more collaborative culture open to dialogue and trust amongst faculty and staff. In an effort to achieve this goal, and maximize teacher repertoires and collaboration, all staff members will conduct multiple peer observations over the course of the year. Our third and final goal is to address the many transitions (e.g. 8th to 9th grade, transfer students, senior year to college, etc), so that students’ needs are met and they will be prepared to not only participate, but to excel in their new school environments. In addition to our focus areas, we are in the midst of our NEASC Decennial Accreditation visit scheduled for November of 2020. Over the last few years, we have embarked on an ongoing process that included a Self-Reflection Report (completed in 2017), hosted a Collaborative Conference (completed in 2018), and will begin creating a School Growth Plan (to be completed in 2019). The NEASC Collaborative Conference was conducted this past October by a small group of educators from around New England. They observed the high school for two days, visiting classes and speaking with teachers, students, parents, and administrators. As of the date of this year’s town report, we have still not received the findings from our collaborative conference, but we look forward to the results and ways we can work with the school community to improve our practice. In the most recent Metrowest Adolescent Health Survey, given in November of 2018, a vast majority of our students reported feeling safe and comfortable at school. Hopkinton High School has intervention strategies designed to support all students in their academic, social and emotional success. All students are assigned to a school counselor who conducts annual check-ins with them. These check-ins include discussions about academics and course levels, stress and happiness levels, and any areas of concern are reviewed as well as a discussion about the different supports offered (when necessary). This year we also developed our new Directed Study Center, which offers a small group setting with a teaching assistant that students can access during their free periods or in place of an elective (usually 2 to 5 periods a cycle.) Students who attend Directed Study are given assistance with organizing their work, completing assignments, preparing for assessments, and reviewing challenging material. Students with declining grades can be assigned to Directed Study by their school counselor, and/or at the request of teachers, administrators or parents. 182 Our START Program continues to be a success. The program serves as a transition program for students re-entering after a prolonged absence due to medical or mental health hospitalizations. It also serves post-concussion students, school phobic and school avoidant students, and students who are missing significant class time due to anxiety and depression. START is staffed by a mental health clinician and a teacher assistant who provide therapeutic support in a safe, quiet environment and assist students with catching up on classwork before transitioning back to the classroom full-time. Our two adjustment counselors/school social workers also offer ongoing therapeutic support to students in START. We also offer a Social Skills Group for students who need social pragmatics. This group meets every cycle throughout the year and is led by an adjustment counselor and speech therapist. This year we also participated in the SBIRT Screening for substance abuse intervention. This is led by the school nurse and counseling staff and involves screening all sophomores with the CRAFFT-II Screening Interview protocol. For those answering positively for any of the first five questions about substance use, further questions and a brief, negotiated, motivational interview are conducted, followed by referral for services with the student’s permission. For those who answer all questions negatively, counselors will use the opportunity to reinforce good decision- making. In 2018, the high school administration worked with counselors and school leaders to bring in a school-wide or grade specific presentation on pertinent topics of concern related to student social and emotional development. Some of these presentations addressed topics such as marijuana’s effects on the teenage brain, bullying and harassment, and dating violence and healthy relationships. In additional programs, we had over 72 high school students attend trips abroad to the Dominican Republic, England, France, Iceland, and Scotland. We also hosted twenty-one international students through our F-1 visa program. The students hail from Brazil, China, Germany, Guatemala, Italy, and Thailand. Each student attends high school full time while living with a host family from Hopkinton. This is a rich, cultural experience both for the visiting students as well as students at our school. Overall 97% of the class of 2018 went on to further education, with 95% enrolling in a four-year college, 1.3% in two-year colleges and 1% to continuing education programs. The colleges they matriculated at are: American University University of Delaware Maine College of Art Roger Williams University Arizona State University Denison University University of Maine Rutgers University- New Brunswick University of Arkansas University of Denver Marist College Sacred Heart University 183 Auburn University Drexel University University of Maryland, College Park Saint Anselm College Bentley University Elon University Massachusetts Bay Community College Saint Mary's College of California Berklee College of Music Emmanuel College Massachusetts College of Art and Design Salem State University Boston College Emerson College University of Massachusetts Dartmouth San Diego State University Boston University Endicott College Massachusetts Maritime Academy School of Visual Arts Bowdoin College Fairfield University University of Massachusetts, Amherst University of South Carolina Brandeis University Fashion Institute of Technology University of Massachusetts, Boston University of Southern Maine Bridgewater State University Fitchburg State University University of Massachusetts, Lowell Southern Methodist University Brown University Florida Institute of Technology Merrimack College Stonehill College Bryant University Florida State University University of Michigan Suffolk University Bunker Hill Community College University of Florida Middlebury College Syracuse University University of California, Los Angeles Framingham State University Mount Holyoke College Texas A&M University Campbell University The George Washington University University of New England Texas Christian University Cardiff University Georgetown University University of New Hampshire at Durham The University of Texas, Austin The Catholic Georgia Institute of New York University The Culinary Institute 184 University of America Technology of America- NY (Main Campus) Chabot College Goldsmiths, University of London North Carolina State University The Ohio State University College of Charleston Harvard University Northeastern University Tufts University Chulalongkorn University High Point University University of Notre Dame Union College (New York) Clark University Hobart and William Smith Colleges Palm Beach State College - South Campus United States Military Academy - Army Clarkson University College of the Holy Cross Pennsylvania State University University College London Colby-Sawyer College University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign University of Pittsburgh University of Leeds Colgate University Indiana University at Bloomington Plymouth State University Vanderbilt University University of Colorado at Boulder Iona College Providence College University of Vermont Colorado College Johnson & Wales University (Providence) Purdue University University of Virginia Columbia College Chicago Keene State College Quinnipiac University Wake Forest University University of Connecticut University of Kentucky Quinsigamond Community College Wentworth Institute of Technology Cornell University Lafayette College Regis College Westfield State University Curry College Lehigh University University of Rhode Island Wheaton College MA Dartmouth College Lesley University Rochester Institute of Technology Worcester State University University of Dayton Louisiana State University University of Rochester 185 Twelve students in the Class of 2019 were named National Merit Commended Scholars: Matthew Bianculli, Sara Cahill, Matthew Dempsey, Priya Hedge, Eva Kuruvilla, Hui Xian Grace Lim, Matthew Long, Andrew Palleiko, Tess Papagni, Claudia Stedt, Jane Stillwell, and Alexander Wojcik. Two students in the Class of 2019 were named National Merit Semifinalists: Abigail Fischer and Sarah Kang. These students scored among the highest throughout the nation. One hundred forty-two students at Hopkinton High School earned the designation of 2018 AP Scholar by the College Board in recognition of their exceptional achievement on the college- level Advanced Placement Program (AP) exams. Among the Class of 2018, 71 Hopkinton High School graduates were offered the John and Abigail Adams Scholarship. In the Class of 2019, 70 Hopkinton High School seniors will be offered the John and Abigail Adams Scholarship. This award qualifies these students for four years of a tuition credit at any of our state’s public colleges and universities. These winners earned the honor by being among the top scorers on the MCAS exams taken in their sophomore year. Science Hopkinton High School celebrated the 30th annual Science and Engineering Fair during the 2017-2018 school year. 48 students participated in the program, designing and executing 29 original research projects throughout the year and presenting at the school fair in February. Several students also went on to present their work at various local, regional and state competitions. Results from this year included: HHS Science and Engineering Fair 1st Place: Himanshu & Rohan Minocha Intelligent Cloud-Based Medication Dispensing and Scheduling System 2nd Place: Elan Rosen Reinforcement Learning Used For Aggressive Maneuvers On Quadcopters 3rd Place: Sara Cahill, Eva Kuruvilla and Alexa Benack Synthetic and Bioplastic Degradation Using Galleria mellonella 186 2018 Valerie Lechtanski Prize for Perseverance: Sophie Marques, Amanda Hansen The Effects of Plants Grown Hydroponically With Insecticide Worcester Regional Science and Engineering Fair 2nd Place Awards: Himanshu & Rohan Minocha (9th place overall) Intelligent Cloud-Based Medication Dispensing and Scheduling System Tyler Rhodes & Advait Nene Machine Learning To Find Correlations Between Diseases and Habits 3rd Place Award: Faateh Mohammad A Blockchain Based System For Managing One's Credit History 4th Place Award: Elan Rosen Reinforcement Learning Used For Aggressive Maneuvers On Quadcopters Massachusetts State Science and Engineering Fair Honorable Mention Awards: Elan Rosen Reinforcement Learning Used For Aggressive Maneuvers On Quadcopters Freya & Daniel Proudman An Analysis of Social Media and Subjective Well Being in Adolescents Himanshu & Rohan Minocha (9th place overall) Intelligent Cloud-Based Medication Dispensing and Scheduling System New England Junior Science and Humanities Symposium Presenter Competition Kate Woelflein & Emma Beale The Effect of Global Warming on Spider Silk Proteins 187 Music The high school bands, chorus, and orchestra performed throughout the year at various school concerts and town functions. The groups all performed at the Massachusetts Instrumental and Choral Conductors Association Festivals. The High School Concert Band and Chorus earned a gold medal rating for superior performance and were invited to perform at the MICCA Gold Medal Showcase at Symphony Hall in Boston and Mechanics Hall in Worcester respectively. Additionally, the High School orchestra, symphonic band and 8th grade orchestra, band and chorus all earned earned a silver medal representing “excellent performance”. Noteworthy, the female acapella group, earned a Gold Medal rating at the MICCA Solo and Small Ensemble Festival in May. They were selected to perform in the Solo and Small Ensemble Showcase in Lexington. Students from Hopkinton were also selected by audition to perform with the Massachusetts Music Educators Association Central District Music Festival Band, Orchestra, or Chorus. Vocalists Matthew Dempsey, Abbey Kelly Lanser, Bryce Foti, Camilla Schemmel and Tony Wessinger participated in the District Chorus. Instrumentalists Cassidy Baratta-Saxophone, Jacob Chastain-Saxophone, An-Chi Huang-Violin, An-Wen Huang-Cello, Andrew Keeley- Trombone, Andrea Liu-Violin, Advait Nene-Bass Clarinet, Mirabella Paolucci-Viola, and Kyle Stukel-Trumpet performed in the District Band or Orchestra. Matthew Dempsey, Abbey Kelly Lanser, Andrew Keeley, Advait Nene and Mirabella Paolucci received recommendations to audition for the Massachusetts Music Educators Association All State Festival. Over 1,000 students from the state have the opportunity to audition for very selective ensembles. Matthew Dempsey represented Hopkinton High School in this year’s National Honors Chorus at the National Association for Music Educators National Conference in Orlando, Florida in November. Matthew is the second HHS Chorus member to be recognized for this honor. 188 Abigail Kelley-Lanser, Chorus, and Andrew Keeley, Band, have been chosen represent Hopkinton High School at the National Association of Music Educators 2019 All Eastern Division in Pittsburg, PA . The Hopkinton High School Jazz Ensemble, under the direction of Jeremy Dodge, performed in the Massachusetts Jazz Educators Association festival and earned a Gold medal at the regional festival and a Silver medal at the state festival. This was a first time our jazz ensemble earned a position in the state MAJE festival. Teachers Katherine O’Toole, Caitlin MacDonald, Jeremy Dodge, David Purdy and Craig Hay presented at The Massachusetts Music Educators’ All State Conference in March and the MICCA Summer Institute. The Music Department was asked to present to discuss our teaching methods and how we prepare our music students. Drama During 2018 The Hopkinton High School Drama Ensemble put on two mainstage productions under the direction of Valerie von Rosenvinge. In March, the contemporary ensemble piece Radium Girls was mounted featuring a cast and crew of twenty two. In November, a cast of forty eight brought to life the musical Godspell. The cast was supported by a fourteen member crew and an orchestra under the direction of Isaac Brody In addition to these two productions, HHS Drama presented student written and directed plays in The One Act Play Festival, which is part of the Annual Art Festival in May. A new digital sound system has been installed in the High School auditorium that can be used with all productions and concerts as well as providing the music tech class with updated current sound and recording technology. 189 The students and staff members involved in the Visual Arts department had some amazing opportunities and experiences in the 2017-2018 school year. In the fall, our photography teacher, Sterling Worrell, presented with Fred Haas, our Technology Integration Specialist, at the Massachusetts Computer Using Educators Fall Conference in a session titled “Teaching Blended in a Hybrid Environment.” Additionally, Mr. Worrell, along with Art Teachers, Christine Enos and Kris Kellenberger, took a group of 30+ students to Purgatory Chasm in Sutton. This field trip was the second of its kind and will continue to be an annual experience. Students were asked to respond to this unique environment through their art in a range of media, from photography to painting and drawing, in an effort to get students working outdoors. During the winter and spring months, many of our students were recognized for their artistic accomplishments. In January, the Art Department submitted over 127 student artworks, sponsored by the HPTA, to the Boston Globe Scholastic Art Awards Competition. The high school were recognized with 20 state level awards in the 2018 competition. Student artwork was selected from a field of over 15,000 entries from public, private, regional and arts magnet schools statewide. Award winning pieces were selected based on 3 criteria: originality, technical skill, and personal vision. In the Massachusetts competition our students earned 1 Gold Key, 10 Silver Keys, and 16 Honorable Mentions. Gold and Silver Key winners were recognized at a regional ceremony held on March 17, 2018 at the Cohen Auditorium at Aidekman Art Center, Tufts University, and all Gold Key awarded works were exhibited at Breed Hall, Tufts University March 17, 2018 through March 25, 2018. The winning works from the high school were: Allison Bird, Honorable Mention Allison Bird, Honorable Mention, Ceramics/Glass Abigail Brown, Silver Key, Photography Megan Canfield, Honorable Mention, Design Visual Arts 190 Marissa Carty, Honorable Mention, Ceramics/Glass Tess Greenwood, Silver Key, Ceramics/Glass Lily Hanks, Silver Key, Photography Kyle Kauzens, Honorable Mention, Digital Art Kailey Keohane, Honorable Mention, Design Grace Liu, Silver Key, Drawing & Illustration Zhuofan Ma, Honorable Mention, Design Emma Meek, Silver Key, Drawing & Illustration Grace Nealon, Silver Key, Ceramics/Glass Elyse Pereira, Honorable Mention, Architecture & Industrial Design Matthew Roberts, Honorable Mention, Mixed Media Katherine Russell, Silver Key, Drawing & Illustration Suneeta Tandon, Honorable Mention, Design Julia Underdah, Silver Key, Mixed Media Yichen Wang, Honorable Mention, Painting Patrick Webb, Honorable Mention, Photography Fatima Zaidi, Honorable Mention, Design Additionally in January, Sterling Worrell received a MassCue Classroom Grant titled "More Than Just VR Consumers: Creating Virtual Reality Art". Now, the high school Photo Studio is equipped with a new virtual reality art making station that has given students the ability to create their own unique virtual worlds. In February, Fred Haas, worked with the Art department in developing a promotional video for the high school entitled “The Value of Art Classes at Hopkinton High School” through the lens of our students. Also in February, we had a new and exciting honor for three of our students. It was the first year we’ve had any of our students submit work to the Emerging Young Artists Exhibition at UMass Dartmouth. The EYA 2018 had a record of over 800 submitted artworks by 493 young artists, from which the juror, Dean David Klamen, selected 67 works to be in the exhibition. Representing Hopkinton were Zhuofan Ma (who also won the Dean’s Award), Grace Liu, and Sammy Robert. And in March, Christine Enos and Colleen Gianino collaborated with Elmwood Art teacher, Bonnie Gaus, to develop two activities for the first Annual Elmwood 2nd Grade STEAM Night- Art Bots and Spin Art Color Mixing. Several high school students volunteered their time that evening as well including Suneeta Tandon, Sammy Robert and Olivia Kirshy. We also hosted another successful Annual Honors Art Exhibition at the Hopkinton Center for the Arts in March. Thirteen juniors and seniors participated in this event which was curated and advised by Kris Kellenberger. The featured students were Emily Dembinski, Brittany Forsmo, Kyle Kauzens, Zhuofan Ma, Ivy Missagia, Brenna Pettepit, Jane Qui, Sammy Robert, Suneeta Tandon, Julia Underdah, Ben Warndahl, Patrick Webb and Kristina Weldon. 191 In April, the HHS Photography Club hosted their Annual Photo Contest. HHS graduate Aleck Venegas, who now works in the photo industry in New York City, served as the guest juror and selected the winning photographs. The prizes this year were sponsored by the Hopkinton Polyarts organization and seven Lomography cameras were awarded to the following winners: Best in Show: Benjamin Warndahl, First Place Color: Brittany Forsmo, Second Place Color: Rachel Kessler, Third Place Color: Andrea Bogan, First Place Black and White: Abby Brown, Second Place Black and White: Julia Underdah, Third Place Black and White Photograph: Brittany Forsmo. Also in April, junior Selia Potas received word of her acceptance into the 2018 Art All State experience. She participated in a weekend long art making experience at UMass Dartmouth with other 11th graders from throughout Massachusetts in June. And members of the high school Clay Club were hard at work repurposing old pottery into new planters for the residents at Golden Pond. In May we held another successful “Annual Night For the Arts” where, for the fourth year in a row, student work was on display from 1st through 12th grade. We shared the evening with Valerie von Rosenvinge and the students involved in the One Act Play festival. Music teacher, Isaac Brody also led the Hopkinton High School Women’s Chorus and Men’s Chorus as our musical accompaniment. The 13th edition of HopArts magazine was released that evening and was juried this year by David Kim, the Co-Works Program Manager at the Rhode Island School of Design. HopArt is available for viewing on the Art department’s district webpage. And three Principal’s Awards, sponsored by the HPTA, for high school student work were granted the same evening to students Zhuofan Ma for his sneaker drawing, Sara Weissinger for her perspective drawing and Grace Schacterle for her mixed media portrait. Also in May the annual 4th Congressional District High School Art Competition award winners were announced at Wheaton College. Lily Hanks received first place in photography and Patrick Webb received second place in photography. Throughout the year, students in the high school Graphic Design classes worked with teacher, Colleen Gianino and Marathon School principal, Lauren Dubeau in developing a logo for the new building. The new logo was voted on in June by the Marathon/Center School community. Over 50 designs were created and narrowed down to the top three choices. The winning artist was 11th grader Blake Laberge. This was an exciting collaborative opportunity between both schools and we look forward to more in the future. Business/Technology/Engineering Computer Science The new AP Computer Science Principles course had a fantastic first year with 28 students passing their AP exams in the spring of 2018. The students developed skills in computer hardware and programming. The course culminated in capstone projects which were reviewed by the AP College Board. 192 Robotics The Hopkinton High School Hopkinetics robotics program has six teams total. Three Honors Team Robotics class teams and three after school club teams with a total of 51 students engaged. The teams have competed at two events this school year so far. At a tournament in North Andover in November team 2602H won the Design Award from a field of 55. This accomplishment earned 2602H a qualification invite to the Southern New England Championship to be held in Worcester this March. Team 2602C placed in the top 5 the Design Award for their work in documenting and communicating their design process. On December 8 the Hopkinetics hosted 50 teams from around New England. This included a division of elementary and middle school students. Hopkinton was well represented by the RoboHillers of HMS and the Hopkinetics of HHS. The event was a super success with all in attendance learning from each other and enjoying the day. Team 2602A won the Design Award securing them a qualifying spot for the Southern New England Championships. The Hopkinetics teams were sponsored this year by Hopkinton Public Schools, Tricon Sports, Trade Hounds, Bose Corporation, REC Foundation, Hiller's Pizza, Private Donors, E-STEM and RoboSource. Interns at Umass Boston Eight students from HHS participated in a summer internship program with Professor Tej Dalvi of Hopkinton. The students assisted with lab work in various strands of engineering and supported teachers who visited to learn about robotics for their classrooms. HHS Business Professionals of America students were excited to share good news of their program with the town of Hopkinton. This fall twenty two HHS students began preparation to compete in the Business Professionals of America (BPA) State and National Leadership Conferences. BPA presents students with the opportunity to demonstrate their academic skills in the areas of Business, IT, Communications, Graphics. 193 ż Breanna Winshman, Ben Pessin, Tiffany Ramsarran, Brendan Hemenway Ɣ Global Marketing Team 1st Place ż Suneeta Tandon, Lea Yenawine, Miranda Baumann, Zach Umans Ɣ Network Design Team 2nd Place ż Tyler Ramsarran, Helena Hubbe, Elise Blackstock Ɣ Maz Ahmad - Interview Skills 1st Ɣ Maz Ahmad - Extemporaneous Speech 3rd Ɣ Ethan DeYoung - Computer Modeling 1st Ɣ Will Dionne - Entrepreneurship 2nd Ɣ Taz Ferdous - Extemporaneous Speech 2nd Ɣ Vinaik Gautam - Entrepreneurship 1st Ɣ Ryan Hawkins - Banking and Finance 1st Ɣ Imran Ladha - Business Law and Ethics 3rd Ɣ Jason Liu - Economic Research 1st Ɣ Cael Maceachern - Prepared Speech 2nd Ɣ Cael Maceachern - Entrepreneurship 3rd Ɣ Tyler Ramsarran - PC Servicing and Troubleshooting 2nd Ɣ Zach Umans - Desktop Publishing 2nd Ɣ Zach Umans - Digital Publishing 5th Ɣ Breanna Winshman - Extemporaneous Speech 1st State Scholarship Contests Ɣ Imran Ladha - Writing Contest 1st Ɣ Miranda Baumann - Writing Contest 2nd National results from Dallas Texas: Ɣ Video Production Team 1st Place Ŷ Breanna Winshman, Ben Pessin, Tiffany Ramsarran, Brendan Hemenway Ɣ Network Design Team 1st Place ż Tyler Ramsarran, Elise Blackstock, Helena Hubbe Ɣ Zach Umans - Digital Publishing - 3rd Ɣ Jason Liu - Economic Research - 4th Ɣ Cael MacEachern - Entrepreneurship - 6th Ɣ Ethan DeYoung - Computer Modeling - 6th Ɣ Vinaik Gautam - Entrepreneurship - 8th HHS BPA students were very successful in 2017-2018 with the following results: State results: Ɣ Video Production Team 1st Place 194 Clubs and Activities National Honor Society had a membership of over 200 juniors and seniors. Over the course of the academic year, as a group, the organization participated in MLK Day in Hopkinton, working to create and donate both children's and adults' coloring books as well as collecting much needed items for the Respite Center in Hopkinton. The group also created care packages and letters for foster students in college for the group Rise Above and "birthdays in a box" for homeless children in Massachusetts through the organization Birthday Wishes. Additionally, our National Honor Society led an afternoon tea for the senior citizens of Hopkinton in April. This tea was a wonderful opportunity for the high school students to talk with and learn from experienced members of their community while enjoying some musical performances and playing board and card games. In addition to the group projects, each of the members was responsible for twenty hours of community service on their own time (though many did well beyond 20 hours). Together these students volunteered more than 4,000 hours in the greater Boston area at varied organizations servicing the young, old, artistic community, athletic community, those in hospitals and much more. beFREE was founded in 2006 by the Hopkinton Youth Commission run by a group of caring and dedicated parents for a number of years. Now in its sixth year as a High School club, driven by student leadership, beFREE hosts a handful of evening social events each semester with the aim of providing fun social events for high school students to enjoy, free of the pressures to use alcohol or other drugs. This year, over two hundred students attended The beFREE Fall Jam where they enjoyed yard games, snacks and live music performed by their peers on a Friday night on the back patio at HHS. In November, beFREE hosted our fifth annual beFREE Handball Tournament, open to all high school students, providing another night of substance- free fun. We hosted our Holiday Coffeehouse on December 15th, pulling in a great crowd of students to hang out and celebrate the season with over 40 our most talented musicians and singers performing some of their favorite holiday songs as well as some original arrangements and even a few original songs. Next up for beFREE, will be our February Coffeehouse, followed up in March with our 2nd Annual March Madness 3v3 Basketball Tournament and finally our Spring Jam in May. For the fourth year, beFREE has enjoyed the support of Hopkinton Organizing for Prevention (HOP) and has had student and advisory leadership serving on the Coalition. HOP is a community-wide group of key stakeholders, whose mission is to provide substance abuse prevention resources, education, and support for the purpose of promoting well-being and resilience for all Hopkinton community members. beFREE is proud to bring a student perspective to the coalition and eager to continue our work with HOP in educating youth, their families, and their neighbors with the hope of making the Hopkinton community an even more supportive, informed, and compassionate place to grow up and live in. 195 The Hopkinton Athletic Programs had a very strong 2017-2018 winter season with eight teams advancing to the postseason. Some of the highlights from the winter season are outlined below. The Hopkinton Swim & Dive program ended the season on a high note! The team placed first in the Tri Valley League Championship meet with a total of 700 points. The Girls went on to the South Sectional at MIT and were able to score enough points as a team to come in second place overall, which is a huge accomplishment. Senior and All-American (2017) Mattie Stauss was able to earn first place at the South Sectional Meet. The Girls 200 Free Relay record was broken at this meet. The following weekend the same group of girls went to Boston University for the Division 2 State Swim Meet where they came in 3rd place overall, which is a team best for the Girls in school history! The Boys came in 23rd at Sectionals and 22nd at States. Hopkinton Wrestling finished the year with 4 state qualifiers. Juniors Taidgh Scanlon and Christian MacDonald finished 5th in there respective weight classes. Capt Brendan Coccio was 4th and Capt Hunter Goodrow finished 2nd! . The Hiller boys hockey team completed the regular season with a 17-2-1 record overall and finished 13-2-1 in the Tri Valley League. The Hillers won their first TVL title in school history. The Hillers were led by captains Connor Delaney, Owen Delaney, Will Abbott and Dylan O'Leary. Girls Basketball had an amazing season as the TVL Champs, Sectional Champs and making it to the State Finals. The Hillers Girls Basketball Team Finished out the regular season as Tri- Valley League Champions for the second consecutive year. Ivy Gogolin, Regan Keavany, and Lilly Morningstar were named League All-Stars while Calli Korbey and Kate Huebner earned honorable mention. Last week we earned our second Westborough Invitational Tournament Championship in three years with wins over Acton-Boxborough, Medway, and Franklin. Lilly Morningstar was named to the All-Tournament team while Ivy Gogolin was named Tournament MVP. The Hillers Boys Varsity basketball team completed its 2017-2018 season with a loss in the MIAA State Tournament to TVL rival Medway. The Hillers were led this season by senior captains Tom Leone, Michael Ianelli and Zack Sisitsky. Season highlights included a six game win streak, victories over TVL Large School Champion, Norton, and TVL Small School Champion, Dedham, and a come from behind road win at Medfield. The Hillers finished their season tied for second place in the TVL Large School Division. Individual honors went to junior guard Ben McKenzie and senior forward Zack Sisitsky who were both named to the TVL All-Star Team. The entire Hillers basketball program was also honored along with the Hopkinton football and baseball programs as the recipient of this year's "Massachusetts Interscholastic Athletic Associations' Educational Athletics Achievement Award for Community Service." The girls' indoor track and field team capped off an undefeated regular season with a dominant win at the TVL championships with 91 points, 53 points ahead of second place. Senior co- Athletics Winter 2017-2018 196 captain Caitlyn Halloran won the 600m and led Hopkinton's fantastic hurdle crew to a 2-3-4-8 (Annie Feather, Maggie Allen, Emily Welsh) finish in the final. Junior co-captain Ashley Donnelly nabbed the Hillers' other individual win, with first place in the 55m dash. Halloran, Donnelly, and Schuyler Gooley earned first-team TVL All Star honors for their performances during the season and at the championship. At the State Division 3 meet, Gooley took fourth in the mile in a school record 5:06.75 then anchored the 4x800m relay to an eighth place finish. Halloran placed third in the 600 and fourth in the hurdles as well as anchoring the 4x400m relay team (also including Gaby Weilding, Lexi Hasbrouck, and Caroline Estella) to a fourth place finish. In addition to Halloran and Gooley, Allen, Estella, and rookie Olivia Jones earned multiple medals. At All State, Halloran took sixth in the 600m in a season-best 1:36.99. The Boys Track Team completed a successful season at MIAA All-State Championships Saturday February 24th at the Reggie Lewis Center. The Team finished 6-2 in the TVL with a second place finish at the TVL Championship Meet. Earning TVL All-Star honors for their performances were senior Captain Nate Pucci in the 600m, junior sprinter Jake Simmer 55m & 300m, and sophomore distance runner Alex Brown in the 2 mile. Pucci went on to win the 600m at the DIII State Meet with a new school record 1:23.72. Brown capped a great season with a 4th place finish in the deuce. The 4x400 relay of Pucci, Garrett Prucher, Pat Barnes, and Young Wang placed 3rd. The Hiller Cheerleaders had a fantastic season! They placed second at the Chicopee High Invitational, earning their highest score for the year! With each passing competition, they added difficulty to their routine. They demonstrated excellent improvement over the course of the season and look forward to the next! Girls Ice Hockey finished off the season with a 5-15 record, including three shutouts in those 5 wins. We finished the season with a 7-0 win over Stoughton High School, with Senior Lissy Cooperman scoring a goal and getting two assists. Freshman goalie Kristin McCluskey stood on her head, stopping all 20 shots she faced. Kristin was the first goalie in team history to finish a season with multiple shutouts. Over the season the team showed great improvement and competed in every game they played. The team graduated only three Seniors, and the young talent makes this team one to watch over the next couple of seasons. Freshman goalie Kristen McCluskey earned league All-Star honors! The Hopkinton Alpine Ski Team had a fantastic 2018-2019 race season. Six athletes (2 girls- Allison Marr and Cate Barry and 4 boys-Max Rodgers, Jackson Schlussel, Jordan Hanna, and Kyle Perkins) qualified for MIAA State Championships, and Allison Marr finished 7th in Slalom! SPRING 2018 Spring 2018 was another great season for the Hopkinton Athletic Programs as every team qualified for the tournament. Girls Lacrosse made it to the D1 East Quarterfinals with an eventual loss to Concord Carlisle in a close and competitive game! The Hiller Girls Lax team was 11-9 overall under new head Coach Katelyn Barry. 2018 All-Stars were Maggie Dolan, Lydia Rudden, Sydney MacDonald, Olivia O’Connor, Cami Mcdonald. Maggie Dolan earned impressive All-American Honors and was named to the EMGLCA 1st Team. Maggie Dolan and Lydia Rudden were also named to the Metro-West All Star Team. Boys Lacrosse earned its 4th straight postseason berth with a record of 11-8 (8-3 TVL) and won 197 the TVL- Large Sportsmanship Award. Midfielder Will Abbott was the TVL Offensive MVP, selected as a first team All-American, made it on the Boston Lax All-Star team, was a Herald All Scholastic, was Globe All Scholastic, and made it to the Metrowest Daily News Super Team. Zach Frank, Andrew Palleiko, Hunter Goodrow, Dylan McBride, and Cory Bannon were selected to the all TVL team. Connor Murphy was selected as the TVL and EMASS Sportsman of the Year. He was also recognized by the Boston Cannons and Boston Celtics for his heroics. Baseball had a fantastic year, finishing 16-6 overall. Though the playoff run ended too soon, the Hillers enjoyed an amazing run with many walk off victories throughout the season. Junior Stephen Simoes was named TVL MVP and earned TVL All-Star honors along with teammate Ben McKenzie. The Hillers will return a great group next year! Girls Softball had a strong year finishing 13-8 overall and falling in the second round of tournament play. Katy Holly, Emma Murphy, and Emily Whelan all earned both TVL and Metrowest Daily News All-Star honors. Girls' Varsity Tennis team earned TVL champ honors with a perfect 13-0 record in league play returning only three starters. They finished the regular season with a 16 and 1 record. Moving up and competing in Division 1 South for the first time, they earned a #2 seed and a first-round bye in the State Tournament, beat Silver Lake next, and then lost to Brookline, 2-3, in the quarterfinals. Elisabeth Cooperman was the TVL Large MVP with Jane Stilwell, Maya Storm, and Kate Lagasse as additional TVL All Stars. The HHS Boys Varsity Tennis Team were captained by Avi Arora, Andrew Keeley, and Nalin Storm. The team concluded the 2018 regular season with a 10-2 TVL record and an 11-5 overall record. The boys went on to a post season win before eventually bowing out to Dartmouth High School in a close match during the post season tournament. Nalin Storm was awarded the TVL (small) MVP Award. Andrew Keeley (singles), and Imran Ladha & Aidan Yagoobi (doubles) were awarded TVL All-Star recognitions. Unified Track and Field had a great season in its inaugural year! All student-athletes worked hard on their events to improve and the season has been very positive thus far. The team had lots of success in their meets and went on to compete at States! Liam Finnegan took 4th in the 100m and 3rd for shot put. Lauren Pantazes, Mirabella Paolucci and Rachel Leeret took first in Jav for their tier. Hannah Quinlan also placed 3rd in Long Jump. Congratulations to all Hiller Unified Track and Field student-athletes on their first season! Fall 2018 The 2018 Fall Season was incredibly successful for Hiller Athletic programs. In addition the the accomplishments achieved by these teams, the many service hours donated and community involved exhibited by each group truly distinguish them. They are exceptional athletic programs who value hard work, being great teammates, and most importantly being great people. The Varsity Golf team completed a 16 – 0 undefeated season. It’s the 3rd undefeated team in the golf program’s history. The team won the TVL Title for the second season in a row and have won the last 5 out of 6 TVL Titles. The team finished runner up at the MIAA Div. 2 South Sectionals and then went on to win the Div. 2 State Championship at Marshfield C.C. in 198 October. This was the 2nd State Championship in a row and the 4th State Championship in the program’s history. The team previously won back to back titles in 2003 & 2004. The team was led this year by three Tri- Capt’s – Sr. Mitch Marcou – Sr. Abby Jaye and Jr. Matt Epstein. The Tri Valley League coaches selected 5 All-Stars from the team this season: Matt Epstein, Ned Dean, Mitch Marvous, Ryan Lundy, and Will Pawela. Abby Jaye, Teddy Henneberry and Jack Petruney were on the TVL Honorable Mention list. Additionally, Matt Epstein was honored as the TVL Most Valuable Player. It was a great team effort this season with so many players contributing to its incredible success! The Hopkinton Field Hockey Team ended the regular season accomplishing the team goal of making tournament. The team lost to Barnstable in the first round of competitive play. The overall record for the season was 8-9-2. Kudos to Ava Clarke who received a TVL All Star and Team MVP Award. Other awards include: Caroline Wauters – TVL Honorable Mention, Sara Doyle – Most Improved, Natalia Gomez-Denote – Coaches Award. Hanna Ianelli was voted by her teammates for the KeepSmilin4Abbie Award. The highlight of the season was being the first team to play a game on the new HHS turf field. It was an exciting game in that the team beat a Tri-Valley opponent that they previously lost against and it was Hopkinton’s senior game! The Hillers also raised a record amount of money in their annual Keep Smilin Fundraiser in honor of Abbie Benford, a member of the field hockey team who tragically passed away in December of 2013. This fundraiser raises awareness and money for those who suffer from allergies and who are prone to anaphylaxis. Kudos to the field hockey team for all their efforts! At the MIAA Eastern Mass Division 3 championship on November 10, the Hopkinton girls' cross country team finished a strong third with three runners in the top ten. Battling a bitter, powerful wind, sophomore Olivia Jones led the Hillers and the rest of the field, becoming only the second Hopkinton runner ever to win the race. Junior Schuyler Gooley, who shattered the Hopkinton home course record earlier this year, took seventh, and senior co-captain Abbi Fischer ran her best race of the year, finishing ninth. The trio earned All-State Divisional medals as top 15 finishers. As one of the top four teams, Hopkinton earned a spot at the All State Championship the following week. The Hillers went into the competitive Division 1 All State Championship seeking a top 10 finish on the snow and mud covered Stanley Park in Westfield. Led by Gooley in ninth and Jones in 12th, the Hillers finished seventh, and first for Division 3 teams. Sophomore Greta Field ran a gutsy race to take the third scoring spot for Hopkinton, with senior co-captains Fischer and Stilwell also scoring. Seniors Amanda Hansen and Allie Burdulis backed them up. Gooley, Jones, Fischer, Stilwell, and Field all earned TVL All Star honors. Gooley and Jones have been named Boston Herald All Scholastics. The Boys' Cross Country had an amazing fall season as they won the Large School TVL Division. Alex Brown was selected as a TVL All-Star and MVP. Ian Cann was also chosen as a TVL All-Star. Cody Ottinger and Sam Cote received Honorable Mention TVL All-Stars. Our team won the TVL Sportsmanship Award. Alex Brown qualified to run at All-States and placed 27th in Division 1 in the State! 199 The Hiller Varsity Football team concluded its season with wins over Plymouth North (35-12) and Ashland on Thanksgiving Day (21-6). The squad finished with an overall record of 7-4. Senior Captain Luke D'Aloia was selected as the TVL-Large Most Valuable Player. Senior Captain Ryan Kelleher was chosen as the TVL-Large Offensive Player of the Year. Seniors Tyler Dougherty, Brendan Kelly and Ben Powers were also selected as first-team TVL all-stars. Congratulations to those players, the 20 seniors and the entire Hopkinton Football program on another successful season. Hopkinton Varsity Volleyball ended the 2018 season with a 19-2 record, making it to the sectional semi finals in State Tournament. The successful season highlights included earning an AVCA Team Academic Award, TVL Sportsmanship Award and the title of Tri-Valley League Champions for the 5th consecutive year. In addition, four players were named to the TVL All Star First Team: Mia Ardila, Jenna Willwerth, Angie Grabmeier and Bella Onsi with Bella also being named as TVL MVP. Cecily Boyce and Morgan Allen earned TVL All Star Honorable Mention. Thank you to all of the fans who came out to cheer the the team on during our season. The varsity boys soccer team finished the season strong, earning a 9-5-4 record and qualifying for the state tournament for the first time in several years. They won their first three home games on the new turf in October, including a 2-1 senior night win over rival Medfield as well as a 2-0 tournament win over North Attleborough. Fifteen different players contributed goals or assists over the course of the season, demonstrating the depth and diversity of talent on the team. Mac Lind earned TVL All Star, and fellow seniors Philip McCarthy, Justin Normandeau, Andrew Keeley, and Michael Poovakad earned TVL Honorable Mention. The girls varsity soccer program completed it's most successful in school history by winning the Division 2 South Sectional Tournament for the first time before falling just short in the State Championship Final. The Hillers regular season record of (9-3-6) earned them the number 9 seed heading into the tournament handing them a difficult away match in the first round against number 8 seed Scituate in which the team prevailed 2-0. The Hillers then beat number 1 seed Old Rochester 1-0 in the quarter final before edging out perennial contenders and number 5 seed Medway in the semi-final also with a score of 1-0. This set up the teams first ever tournament final against last years champions and number 6 seed Notre Dame with Hopkinton being victorious with another 1-0 win meaning the Hillers went the entire tournament without conceding a single goal. The Hillers would move on to play Division 2 Northern Champions Winchester in the State Championship Final but unfortunately the team fell just short 1-0 on a tough PK call which was the difference in the game. Hopkinton dominated the second half of the match but were unable to overcome a talented Winchester team that had only lost once all season and had scored over 80 goals. The Hillers can be very proud of their seasons achievements and they will forever be in the school's history books. The Hillers had Sydney MacDonald, Olivia O'Connor and Gaby Weilding nominated as a TVL All-Star with O'Connor also receiving All-Eastern Mass 2nd Team honors and MacDonald earning All-Eastern Mass 1st Team honor. Congratulations to the Hillers on a fantastic season! 200 The Lady Hillers had a fantastic fall cheer season! Every competition was an improvement from the previous week. Freshman Kara Diune and junior Megan McClay were named all stars this fall season. Megan McClay received the unsung heroine award at the thanksgiving day football game. The Unified Basketball team concluded its inaugural season with a great Unified Jamboree along with five other schools on Wednesday, 11/14 at Auburn High School. The first team this fall was comprised of 29 tremendous student-athletes spanning grades 9-12, who represented our school with class and dignity all season long. The camaraderie and friendships built among the team members will be long-lasting and significant to all involved. The team was led throughout the season by standouts Kelsey Carlson, Brendan Regan, Ryder Pieshoff, Liam Finnegan, Max McNamara, and Ben Leibowitz. We are already counting the days until next season! All Hiller teams did a great job generating school spirit and supporting each other. The Hillers Grillers were also instrumental in rallying the troops and supporting the HHS athletic programs, and they continue to do so during the current winter season. As always, the athletic department would like to the School Committee, Central Office, MS and HS Building Administration, custodial and maintenance staff, HCAM, parents, students, and community members for their unwavering support of our athletic programs. We are so fortunate to have so many leaders in place who support our student activities. Thank you for all that you do! GO HILLERS! 201 HOPKINTON MIDDLE SCHOOL Enrollment at Hopkinton Middle School for the 2017-2018 school year was 808: 393 boys and 415 girls, a decrease of 63 students from 871 in 2016-2017. Our work as a school community was guided by our School Improvement Plan. The HMS School Council meets regularly to discuss the strengths and areas for growth of our school, eventually resulting in our annual School Improvement Plan. Many thanks to the School Council Members who shaped our 2018-2019 School Improvement Plan: Ann Benbenek, Assistant Principal; Mandee Lape, Assistant Principal; Rebecca Abate and Shannon Oles, Grade 8 Teachers; Laura Kirshenbaum, Grade 7 Teacher; Inpakala Pandian, Grade 6 Teacher; Parents: Maureen Belger, Beth D’Alleva, Alexis Murphy, and Christina Perlov; and Jessica Burton, Community Representative. HMS eighth grade students Lucas Gammal, Grace Young, Scott Pagliuca, and Sreya Ravi were selected to comprise this important group, and they offered important insights and perspective that led to an informed set of goals. HMS Honors Chorus and Hopkapella participated in the Statehouse Wreath Ceremony for the Boston Marathon. Our Principal’s Advisory, comprised of representatives from each grade level, met with Mr. Keller, Mrs. Benbenek, and Mrs. Lape on a regular basis. Their responsibilities include making improvements to our school grounds, enhancing our school culture, interviewing candidates for teaching positions, and more. Each year we endeavor to add more after school programs for our students, many initiated by students themselves. This year, we added Survivor Club and Economics Club. Two of our Hopkinton Middle School Robotics Club Teams (Robohillers) traveled to Kentucky to compete in the VEX IQ World Championship. Our students, Srikar Ravi, Nicholas Ekstrom, Kenneth Wan, Charlie Miller, Brian Gu, Cindy Yang, Nived Subhendu, Paul Kang, and Grace Young had the opportunity to compete and interact with students from around the world. We are proud of the many clubs and activities we offer at the 202 Middle School. Thank you to the teachers who make this possible by giving of their time. Author Yoko Kawashima Watkins Presents to Grade 7 Students The following new employees joined HMS in the 2017-2018 school year: Ɣ Learning Specialist Sally Hile: Ms. Hile comes from Wilson Middle School in Natick. Prior to that she worked at Camp Altitude in Cupertino, California, the League School in Walpole and Pollard Middle School in Needham. She has her Master of Science from Simmons College and Bachelor of Arts from the College of the Holy Cross.  Ɣ French Teacher Courtney Power: Ms. Power comes from Auburn Middle School. Prior to that she was at Leicester Public Schools and the French Ministry of Education in Paris. Courtney received her Master of Arts from American International College and her Bachelor of Arts from Providence College. Ɣ Speech and Language Pathologist Lauren Passier: Mrs. Passier joins us from the Walker School in Needham. Prior to that she was at the Ely Center in Newton, the Perkins School for the Blind in Watertown and the New England Rehabilitation Hospital in Woburn. Lauren received her Master of Science from MGH Institute of Health Professions and her Bachelor of Arts from Lafayette College. Ɣ Learning Specialist Samantha Hicks: Ms. Hicks was previously an ABA tech at Hopkinton Preschool, and a behavior assistant in Milford Public Schools. Samantha received her Master of Science from American International College and her Bachelor of Arts from Framingham State. 203 Ɣ Part-time Nurse Lisa Poolman: Ms. Poolman holds both a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration from Stonehill College and a Bachelor of Science in Nursing from MGH Institute of Health Professions in Boston. She is the owner and co-founder of Vigilance Nursing, a private nursing company that provides nursing services to adults.  Ɣ Foreign Language Teacher Ijen Chen: Ms. Chen joins our Middle School staff as the new part-time Mandarin Chinese teacher. Ijen holds her Bachelor's degree in Land Economics from National Cheng-Chi University in Taipei, Taiwan, a Masters of Arts in Psychology from Boston University and a Masters of Science in Education from Simmons College.  Ɣ English Language Teacher Pilar Ward: Ms. Ward is joining the Middle School from Hopkins School. Before Hopkinton, Pilar was an English Language teacher in the Boston Public Schools.  Ɣ Applied Behavior Analyst Jane Bisaillon: Ms. Bisaillon holds a Bachelors of Science in Psychology from Worcester State and has most recently worked as a Behavioral Therapist at Behavioral Concepts Inc. in Worcester.   204 SPECIAL EDUCATION The Student Services Office provides appropriate and comprehensive programming through the use of local, state, and federal funding and grants. Educational programs for students Pre-K to age 22 ensure high standards and expectations for both staff and students through quality training, research-based instruction, and data driven decisions. The Student Services Office is responsible for Special Education students ages 3 to 22, Child Find, students on 504 Plans, and McKinney Vento. A range of programs and a continuum of services are available to all our learners. Our goal is always to provide services for student’s success, achievement, and transitions throughout their school years to ensure they have every opportunity to become independent, lifelong learners, and productive citizens in a global, competitive society. During the 2017-18 school year families were actively engaged and requested by the Student Service Office to participate in the Department of Elementary and Secondary Education (DESE) Family and Community engagement survey. Hopkinton received the highest response rate in the state totaling 196 participants, which is a great response! The official results of this survey are scheduled to be released in 2019 by DESE. The Coordinated Program Review process in now called Tiered Focused Monitoring (TFM). This monitoring event always occurs midway through the federally required six-year monitoring process. The Student Service office in partnership with the Superintendent’s office submitted all required documentation to the Department of Elementary and Secondary Education (DESE) during the 2017-18 school year in preparation for the upcoming mid cycle review, which will take place on-site in February 2019. During the 2017-2018 school year the Director of Student Services worked collaboratively with Marathon Elementary School Administration and Teachers 21 consultants to assess professional development needs at this level. We are focusing on providing professional development to classroom teachers related to their tier 1 responsibilities to manage students who may struggle with disruptive and dysregulated behavior at the Marathon Elementary School. Crisis intervention planning will further inform our work in this area in 2019. The Bridge for Resilient Youth in Transition program in Brookline, Massachusetts, also known as B.R.Y.T., began partnering with the Student Service office and the Marathon and Elmwood Elementary School Administrators in 2018 to enhance how we address the social-emotional- behavioral needs of our students at this level. B.R.Y.T. staff will continue to assist us in 2019 with analyzing data, resources, and overall program development. B.R.Y.T staff have successfully worked with the Hopkinton Public School district in the past to build our Student Therapeutic Academic Resource Team, also known as the S.T.A.R.T. programs, at the secondary levels. 205 Enhancing specialized curriculum in ELA/Math in grades 2-5 between classrooms and buildings is a focus this year. The district has appointed a grade 2-5 special education coach in 2018 to assist staff with monitoring curriculum implementation to ensure consistency across and between grade levels to enhance students opportunity to learn. Educators across the district will continue to monitor growth towards learning goals using a variety of assessments to develop student specific progress reports and plan interventions for students throughout the year. Additionally, staff in the ABA programs across the district will continue to collect and analyze data on a daily basis to monitor each students instructional needs. Data Finch, an on-line data collection program for intensive needs students requiring specialized curriculum, will continue to be utilized district-wide along with Safety Care, a behavioral safety training program that emphasizes the use of prevention and de-escalation strategies in the school setting. We are extending Safety Care training to families in February 2019. Transition planning is an ongoing process that assists students with transitioning from high school to young adulthood. Planning and setting appropriate goals is an essential part of this process. Factors include post-secondary goals, career, vocational and independent living skills. Transition plans must begin no later than the first IEP developed when the eligible student is 14. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) requires that transition planning be part of the Individualized Education Program (IEP). The District continues to contract with Accept Collaborative to support this work. Additionally, during the 2017-18 school year we successfully streamlined transition assessments in grades 6-12 and developed a user friendly transition planning and resources page for families which can be found on the special education website. Life Skills and EXCEL (18 to 22) Program continued during the 2017-18 school year and remains ongoing. Students will continue to access several community and vocational sites each week. The Life Skills group visits Price Chopper for weekly personal grocery trips, visits the Solomon Pond Mall for shopping, and also makes several trips during the week to participate in various vocational opportunities in the Hopkins School, the Sheraton Framingham Hotel and Conference Center, and the Community Harvest Farm in Grafton (fall). Vocational opportunities performed for the high school include updating the schedule displayed in the atrium, delivering slips to classrooms, feeding classroom animals, working in the cafeteria, and delivering interoffice mail to the Business Office across the street from the program. Students in the Life Skills program also continue to run the Daily Grind Coffee Shop and provided a gift wrapping service for staff this past year. The EXCEL Program visits numerous locations in the greater Hopkinton Community throughout the week. Current weekly vocational opportunities include Price Chopper, Target, the Hopkinton Public Library, the IT Department at the Hopkinton Town Hall, Community Harvest Farm in Grafton (fall/spring), the Sheraton Framingham Hotel and Conference Center, Encompass 206 Fitness in Marlborough, and Framingham State University internships. Students also assist the Hopkinton Center for the Arts with distribution of flyers and brochures to various locations in the greater Hopkinton community. Students access two community gym locations for personal fitness activities and yoga class, practice banking skills, and access public transportation via the local bus. Students also participate in multi-community social activities with other local district programs on a weekly basis including dining, cooking, physical fitness, and leisure activities. In addition, they have visited various businesses locations for tours of the site, as well as an opportunity to ask about employment opportunities within each business. The Extended Day program continued during the 2017-18 school year and remains intact at the high school level. This program is individualized to meet students needs and runs up to three days a week. Student schedules are designed to provide a range of activities involving typical peers whenever possible. Activities include best buddies, cooking, school clubs, as well as community and vocational opportunities. We strive to ensure students develop social connections with peers and build life skills during this program. The Extended School Year Program (ESY) continues district-wide for students with identified needs. We provided an enriching instructional environment in the Summer of 2018, and educators utilized instructional plans to provide student specific instruction aligned to IEP goals and objectives. Field trips were embedded into the ESY program this year and included trips to the library, the EMC park, the Solomon Pond Mall, and Green Thumb ice cream and mini-golf. We have formulated an ESY Committee comprised of parent and district representatives and are actively working to enhance social opportunities in our 2019 summer program. ACCEPT Collaborative continues to provide our transportation for students in and out of district. In March 2018 we provided parents with a Transportation overview during the SEPAC meeting. In an effort to further enhance communication and transportation protocols for the coming year we met with ACCEPT in July 2018 and have developed a helpful transportation reference guide embedded with key highlights for families. The reference guide can be found on the Student Service website. SEPAC is the Special Education Parent Advisory Council. Hopkinton SEPAC membership is comprised of individuals involved in, or concerned with, the education of students with disabilities. Membership is open to parents and guardians of students with disabilities, teachers, administrators, individuals with disabilities, and members of the community. If a child has trouble with reading, writing, math, has an identified disability or perhaps is undiagnosed, but has a definitive presence of a disability, organizational or attention difficulties, Hopkinton SEPAC is available. The Hopkinton SEPAC is facilitated by the SEPAC chair in partnership with the Director of Student Services and meets on an ongoing basis. The Director of Student Services, Team Chairs, and Special Education Parent Advisory Council (SEPAC) representatives is partnering with the Federation for Children with Special Needs in an effort to bring SEPAC to 207 the next level of excellence! We had our first meeting in December 2018 and will be attending a training in May 2019 together. We are excited about this initiative as we will be creating an action plan together that will include increasing parent involvement. The Student Services Office will continue to evaluate current programs and their capacity to service students with diverse needs in the district. We will also work closely with other leadership staff including the Superintendent, Assistant Superintendent, Building Principals and the SEPAC Board to create more collaboration and alignment among special and general educators. 208 SOUTH MIDDLESEX REGIONAL VOCATIONAL TECHNICAL SCHOOL COMMITTEE (KEEFE REGIONAL TECHNICAL SCHOOL) This annual report is prepared by Superintendent /Director, Jonathan Evans, and composed on behalf of the members of the School Committee of the South Middlesex Regional Vocational Technical School District and submitted after review and approval by the full Committee in compliance with the provisions of the Agreement among the City of Framingham and Towns of Ashland, Holliston, Hopkinton and Natick. This report reviews from the perspective of the Committee the principle items with which the Committee was concerned during the year. It is a representative account of matters solely within the policy making authority of the Committee and also of matters which the Superintendent/Director brought before the Committee for information and consultation. For greater detail and discussion the reader should read the extended minutes of Committee meetings and the attachments thereto which are available at the school office. In addition to a public high school, the South Middlesex Regional Vocational Technical School District provides continuing education opportunities for adults through the Keefe at Night program as well as Summer Discover, a summer program for area youth. The Committee reorganized on June 18, 2018 with officers elected unanimously to the following positions: Chair: Edward Burman (Ashland) Vice-Chair: Sarah Commerford (Holliston) Secretary: A.J. Mulvey (Framingham) Assistant Treasurer: Barry Sims (Holliston) Staff members working on behalf of the District and School Committee are Karen Ward,Recording Secretary and Jack Keating, Treasurer. The balance of this report presents a summary of the discussions and actions of the Committee on a number of the important matters brought before the Committee for advice or action. Community Engagement Staff and students of Keefe Regional Technical School participated in many community projects throughout the school district member municipalities. Examples of these activities include: Carpentry Natick House Project – Duplex for Natick Affordable Housing Trust Cosmetology Framingham Housing Authority – Manicures for senior citizens Callahan Senior Center – Manicures for senior citizens Early Childhood Education 209 Tir Na Nog – Assisted with their Halloween parade and chaperoned the students on a field trip to Franklin Park Zoo Electrical Framingham Parks & Rec – Installed outside lighting at the Maintenance and installed time clocks at Bowditch Field Natick House Project – Layout, rough wiring and 200 amp service Graphics Ashland Council on Aging – Banner Town of Ashland – Business cards, Street directory booklets, 2 Part forms Accept Education Collaborative – Annual Report Barbieri Middle School – Play Bill Cameron Middle School – Guidance forms Holliston Police – Fingerprint cards, Banners and Flyers Family Promise MetroWest – Banners, Flyers, Posters, Booklets and Newsletter, Fourth of July Banner Framingham High – Game sets and laminating Fuller Middle School – Student recognition cards Potter Road Elementary – Matrix posters Health United Way of Tri-County – Assisted with the Framingham Health Fair Jewels of Framingham – Organizing, preparing, serving and clearing at the annual luncheon Horticulture Natick Organic Farm – Planting, tending and harvesting crops; composting, turning and improving garden soils; and preparing for maple sugaring season Massachusetts Horticultural Society – Planting trees, tending gardens, leaf removal and tilling gardens Family Promise Metrowest – Floral designs for annual fundraiser Plumbing Habitat for Humanity – Final inspection of drainage, water piping, heat and gas work for house in Holliston Natick House Project – Rough inspection of drainage and potable water and rough heat installation In May 2018, Keefe Regional Technical School hosted a breakfast for the Community Based Justice Program (CBJ) that included Middlesex County District Attorney Marian Ryan, Probation Officers, School Officials and area Police Department Representatives. It should also be noted that all five district municipalities’ high school’s swimming teams practice and compete at the Keefe Regional Technical swimming pool. The pool is also used by the Framingham Park and Recreation Departments. Administration 210 In 2018, Jonathan Evans completed his fifth year in the role of Superintendent Director, with 22 years of service to the district. The School Committee adopted goals for the Superintendent’s performance evaluation period from July 1, 2018 through June 30, 2019. The goals adopted related to the following: School Reviews – Preparation, Review & Response, Human Resource – Revision of Job Descriptions & Staffing Review, Preparation for New Accountability System, and revision of school website. In June 2018 the School Committee voted to revise district policies, following a thorough review, with the help of the Massachusetts Association of School Committees. The School Committee completed its periodic evaluation of the Superintendent’s accomplishments against established goals and desired qualities established in the DESE Rubric and found him to be Proficient for Standards I Instructional Leadership, Standard II Management & Operations and Standard IV Shared Vision Development and as Exemplary on Standard III Family and Community Engagement with an Overall Rating of Proficient. The complete record of this evaluation is a public document that will be available at the South Middlesex Regional School District Superintendent’s Office. School Improvement Plans The School Improvement Plan for the 2018-2019 school year includes the following objectives: 1) Build and develop strategic ways to celebrate student achievement, success, positive decision-making, and unity, 2) Academic departments will develop and implement common assessments, 3) CTE instructors will improve English writing assignments in their content area with the goal of having 100% of all students will demonstrate proficiency in identifying the main idea of a CTE-related written text, 4) the Special Education Department will present a six-part series to faculty with areas of focus including special education law and compliance, team process (participation and responsibilities), assessment and evaluation, assistive technology, supporting behavior, connecting disability to impact on performance and inclusion, with the goal of having special educators, general education instructors and assistants coordinate and implement practices that are inclusive. In addition to preparing for the October, 2018 Center for District and School Accountability (CDSA) visit, the Professional Development Program included a series of workshops hosted by Keefe Tech Special Education staff, including a Special Education Overview, Inclusive Practices, Assessments, Social, Emotional and Behavioral Needs, Demystifying the IEP and Assistive Technology. The opening of school for teachers featured a motivational presentation by Norm Bossio. Norm brought a wealth of experience, having served as an educator and administrator for more than 30 years. During the school year, teachers will continue to attend a variety of professional development offerings, both in their content area and piloting new software platforms to use with students as Keefe prepares for the online version of the Next Generation Assessments (from Legacy MCAS). 211 With review by the School Council updates to the Handbook were made. Attendance rules were adjusted to hold students more accountable for their attendance. Beginning with the Class of 2019, students must earn a cumulative grade of 50 or higher in order to be eligible to attend summer school and not have to repeat the school year. In addition, changes were made to the weight of Advanced Placement (AP) classes, and relevant information from the “Equal Pay Law” was added. The Budget Process The Budget Sub-Committee members Ed Burman, Larry Cooper, A.J. Mulvey, Jaime Shepard, Tassos Filledes and Barry Sims are beginning the FY20 budget development process. In 2018, the Superintendent continued the practice of communicating early in the budget process with the financial officers of the member towns to develop mutual awareness of both municipal budget constraints and the efforts of the Committee to manage the school efficiently and effectively while recognizing those limitations. The Committee continued to consider reductions in the preliminary budget and the budget of $19,115,750 as submitted to the member municipalities for FY19 was approved by all. Auditor’s Report The annual audit by the independent accounting firm of McCarthy & Hargrave is in the process of preparing the financial statements for committee review. It is expected that the audit report that calculates our energy project will meet the stipulated guarantee benchmarks for the 2018-2019 year. Enrollment, Recruiting and Student Retention Keefe Regional Technical School is a school of application. Maintaining a healthy enrollment of students for our day school operation is essential for our overall operational success. The Superintendent has indicated that he believes that the quality and rigor of our school programs and the safety and culture of our school environment will lead to our success in attracting students and their families to Keefe Regional Technical School. The Superintendent has emphasized that the administration, faculty and support staff must work together to ensure that Keefe Regional Technical School continues to be recognized by our community as a career and technical school of high quality. In the fall of 2018, our recruitment efforts included a two hour showcase visit for all 1800 8th grade students from the public schools in our district, followed by an Open House Career Night for prospective students and their families. The enrollment on October 1, 2018 was 752 students reflecting an increase in enrollment. Buildings and Grounds Keefe Regional Technical School has been occupied continuously since September 1973. The facility is used not only during the school day and year but also evenings, weekends and during the summer months. An extensive upgrade of the energy systems (HVAC and lighting), completed in 2007, has resulted in the replacement of major mechanical components controlled by a Handbook 212 comprehensive energy management system. The project has resulted in a significant reduction in total utility expenditures. Facility upgrades that were completed in 2018 include replacement of the auditorium lighting control system, construction of an ADA compliant ramp and handicap accessible entryway, reconfiguration/upgrade of wireless network infrastructure, upgrades/expansion of the existing surveillance system, repair and painting of interior surfaces, upgrades/repairs to main boilers/heating system, Horticulture Department design and construction projects to enhance site landscape, replacement of furniture and equipment in several classrooms and CTE programs, plumbing and electrical upgrades, painting of building exterior, mechanical and control upgrades to the HVAC system, repairs to swimming pool complex, technology upgrades in classrooms and CTE programs, and the addition of vehicle parking spaces to the east parking lot. Facility projects identified for future consideration include replacing all classroom and shop entrance door knobs with ADA compliant door levers, adding Braille signage to classroom and shop entryways, construction of an ADA compliant walkway from the student cafeteria rear exit doors, replacing auditorium audience seats, replacing auditorium carpeting, replacing carpeting in Culinary program restaurant, implementing recommended NEASC Visiting Team facility upgrades, replacing the emergency generator, expanding the surveillance system, repairing pool deck floor drains, and replacing essential vehicles. Student Achievement The District received their annual report from DESE, piloting the new Accountability System formula for 2018. Keefe has maintained a solid status, now labeled, “partially meeting targets” which is akin to a level 2 status from years prior. Keefe continues to focus on closing achievement gaps and helping students reach their true potential. MCAS results were extremely favorable, showing a continued increase in student growth. An average of 71% of students scored either Advanced/Proficient in English, Math and Science. This year Keefe added two more AP courses, AP Psychology and AP Calculus to provide additional learning opportunities for those students seeking a more rigorous course load. Students who took the College Board AP exams last May performed at a commendable rate. More than 38% of students testing earned a score of “3” or higher. Keefe Regional Technical School students won a total of 35 medals during the District SkillsUSA Conference, which was also hosted by Keefe Regional Technical School on Wednesday, February 28, 2018. A total of 760 students from 11 district schools participated in skills and leadership competitions in their career technical areas at the District Conference. Keefe Tech students competed in categories including Computer Programming, Early Childhood Education, Graphic Communications, and First Aid, bringing home 12 Gold Medals, 10 Silver Medals and 13 Bronze Medals. All Gold and Silver medalists moved on to the SkillsUSA State Leadership and Skills Conference, held April 26 – 28, 2018 at Blackstone Valley Regional Vocational Technical High School in Upton, MA. In the state competition, 29 students represented Keefe where they won 3 Gold Medals, 2 Silver Medals and 5 Bronze Medals. The Gold medalists moved on to the SkillsUSA 213 National Championships held in Louisville, KY on Jun 22, 2018. Our students represented Keefe with 2 fourth place finishes. General Advisory Board The General Advisory Board consists of the Chair of each Vocational Advisory Board. The General Board summarizes and brings to the attention of the Administration and the School Committee observations and recommendations of the advisory boards. The points noted for the current year include: the need to continually align the curriculum with changes in technology; outreach to bring Keefe’s program to potential students; increasing opportunities for students and employers in the co-op program and the success we have had for employment; successful pursuit of grant funding for state-of- the-art career and technical equipment; and maintaining the license status of student professional programs that advance Keefe students’ career and technical entry opportunities. Respectfully submitted, Jonathan Evans Superintendent-Director SOUTH MIDDLESEX REGIONAL VOCATIONAL TECHNICAL SCHOOL COMMITTEE ASHLAND Edward Burman - Chairman William N. Gaine, Jr. FRAMINGHAM Michael Rossi John Kahn Linda Fobes James Cameau A.J. Mulvey John Evans Larry Cooper Myra Bushell HOPKINTON Ruth Knowles Jaime Shepard HOLLISTON Sarah Commerford Barry Sims NATICK Tassos Filledes Dr. Stephen Kane 214 TAX RELIEF COMMITTEE The Tax Relief Committee administers the Hopkinton Elderly and Disabled Tax Relief Fund. This fund was established in 1998 to provide financial assistance to needy residents in the payment of their real estate taxes. Since 1998, tax relief distributions totaling $138,000 have been made via tax bill offsets. The Tax Relief Fund is supported by donations from generous residents and organizations. Also the Fund has been the fortunate beneficiary of Boston Marathon charitable entry numbers for the past several years. In 2018, the Committee approved tax relief awards of $600 each to 18 persons. Further, the Committee managed the Tax Relief Fund such that a balance forward of over $28,000 to 2019 was attained. The goal for 2019 is to continue the successes experienced in the recent past. The Committee requests that Hopkinton taxpayers generously include an extra $25 to the Tax Relief Fund when paying their 2019 property taxes. Donations can be made by check or online through the Town’s website. Thank you for your consideration. John L. Palmer, Chair Michael Connolly, Town Treasurer Sue Kurys MaryJo LaFreniere, Chair, Board of Assessors 215 TOWN CLERK I would like to thank the residents of the Town for their continued support and their patience in dealing with the disruptions of service as a result of our exodus from downtown and from our subsequent return to Town Hall in July. It provided unique challenges for the office and I would be remiss if I did not openly thank the IT and Facilities Departments for getting us up and running quickly to decrease the disruption to the residents. This report will provide a glimpse of the accomplishments of the Town Clerk’s Office for 2018. Staying Current: In an effort to best serve the residents of Hopkinton, staying current on the complexities and demands of running a professional and effective Town Clerk’s office is essential. The Massachusetts Town Clerks Association, the New England Association of City and Town Clerks, and the International Institute of Municipal Clerks provide training and resource opportunities. Attending conferences is important to prepare for State and Town elections, and to advance our knowledge, as Town and City Clerks, of the current federal, state and local mandates. The information acquired from Town and City Clerk’s Associations is immeasurable. This year, I graduated from the New England Municipal Clerk’s Institute and received a scholarship to attend the Academy in 2019 at no cost to the Town. Graduating this program is a goal I set off to complete when I assumed office in 2016. I want to thank the Town for continuing to support this investment in the continued professional development of the office. 2018 Town Meetings and Elections: I am immensely thankful for our outstanding election staff, without whom our seamless democratic process would not be possible. Our election staff continues to operate with professionalism in their dedicated service to this community. They have served this past year in the May 7, 2018 Annual Town Meeting; the May 21, 2018 Annual Town Election; September 4, 2018 State Primary; and the November 6, 2018 State Election. We also successfully hosted early voting again for November and we were able to secure grant funding and use it to open on Saturday for the convenience of voters unable to make it during our normal office hours. The results of the 2018 Town Meeting as well as the Town and State Elections are available in this 2018 Annual Town Report. Educational Programs: We used the heightened political and civic consciousness that arose in 2018 as a chance to get more students, that are eligible to vote, registered and all others that are soon to be eligible, pre-registered. We did this, in conjunction with the School Department, through three voter registration drives at Hopkinton High School. Our first drive, at the request of students, took place during the National Walkout Against Gun Violence; our second was just before the deadline to register for the Annual Town Meeting and Election, which was planned as a voter information session as well; and the last drive was right before the deadline to register for the November State Election. We also conducted registration drives through new communities, such as Fairview Estates and Legacy Farms, in order to ensure everyone has their chance to vote. Continuing to work with these organizations, along with these young and passionate residents, who devote their time and energy to the community, will shape the minds of those destined to be the leaders of tomorrow. Annual Listing of Residents: The Annual Census is a year-long endeavor beginning with the preparation in the fall months with a goal to mail them to all households in January. Once this form is returned, this office then processes all changes in the Voter Registration Information System. The Town Clerk’s Office records the family members who are living at an address and those members who have moved out of town. It also important to note that the census form does not register a 216 resident as a voter. If a resident wishes to register to vote or change party affiliation, they must fill out a voter registration form and file it with the Town Clerk or register to vote online. It is a State requirement that if a voter fails to respond to the annual census, it will cause them to be listed as an “inactive voter”. The voter would then need to show proof of continuous residence in Hopkinton, in order to reactivate their voting status and vote. If a resident who was registered to vote has moved out of town, we cannot remove a voter without their signature. We make every effort to contact them to obtain their signature verifying that they no longer live in town. Please, do not hesitate to contact this office with any questions regarding the voting process or the annual town census. Dog License Renewals: Dog license renewal forms are attached to the Street Listing Form. The staff processes and sends out dog licenses between January and March without penalty. Dog licenses are issued only with proof of the dog receiving a rabies shot, in accordance with provisions of Sec. 147A of Chapter 140 of the Massachusetts General Law. In 2018, the Town Clerk’s Office issued 1,941 dog licenses along with 3 kennel licenses (a kennel license may be issued to a dog owner if they have 4 or more dogs). Open Meeting Law: The Town Clerk has the responsibility of ensuring that the Open Meeting Law is observed with the posting of all town meeting agendas at least 48 hours prior to any open meetings. The notice of the public meeting is required to be posted at two locations available to the public; one of which has to be accessible to the public 24 hours a day. This is achieved through the acceptance by the Board of Selectmen of Town meeting notices on the Town’s website. The binder located outside of the Town Clerk’s Office serves as the primary posting location. New Public Records Law: Starting on January 1, 2017, changes to the Massachusetts Public Records Law came into effect. Some of these changes included changing the fees that can be charged, adapting the timeline to ensure expediency, promoting use of electronic records to decrease costs to requesters, and the designation of Records Access Officers (RAO) that ensure requesters gain access and communicate status of requests. The Town Clerk is the default RAO and chief record keeper of the Town. Through discussion with the Board of Selectmen and their staff, we decided to designate RAO’s for each department that receives frequent record requests to ensure that it could be handled in an expedient manner while still ensuring the Town Clerk can guide the process and ensure compliance. Ethics & Conflict of Interest: The conflict of interest law seeks to prevent conflicts between private interest and public duties and foster integrity in those participating in public service. The Town Clerk serves as the liaison to the Ethics Commission of the Commonwealth and ensures that all elected and appointed officials of the Town are in compliance with the law. Preservation of Town Documents: This office was generously granted funding of $25,000 through the Community Preservation Fund by Town Meeting. This funding was used to preserve the unique “Hopkinton & Upton Land Records” stored in the Town Clerk’s vault, some dating back to the early 1700’s, which are now fully restored. We were also able to begin the process of restoring records in the lower vault that begins a three phase project. Unfortunately, the list of documents in need of preservation continues to grow as more and more records reach an older age and begin to deteriorate. 217 Archival Program: The Town Clerk’s Office is responsible for maintaining public records under the State’s Municipal Records Retention Program [M.G.L. c. 4, sec. 7 (26)]. King Information Systems was contracted to create an archival program for Town Hall departments which is maintained and overseen by the Town Clerk. This year we began annual maintenance and audited the records for destruction, pending the approval of their corresponding departments. Register of Vital Statistics: Below is a report of the Town’s Register of Vital statistics as of December 31, 2018: Births 153 Marriage Intentions 62 Marriages 58 Deaths 144 As many of you may have already seen, we have a new Assistant Town Clerk, Lynn Kelly, that has joined the team. Lynn has already shown herself to be an excellent addition to the team in Town Hall. She was formerly an Assistant Town Clerk in another town and has brought her experience and outgoing approach to customer service for our residents. Lynn is a perfect example of what we strive for in this office. If you have not yet had a chance meet her then come by and say hello! I would also like to extend my most sincere thanks to those workers in the Senior Tax Credit Program. These dedicated individuals make the quality of service that we provide possible by skillfully assisting with all manners of tasks that we would otherwise not have the staff to complete. It is this office’s goal to continue excellent communication and assistance to residents through our webpage including the town bylaws, town meeting and election results, voter information and various online forms. We always invite you to stop by the office for assistance and more information on what is going on in your town government. Sincerely, Connor B. Degan Your Town Clerk 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 TOWN OF HOPKINTON OFFICE OF THE TOWN CLERK CONNOR B. DEGAN, TOWN CLERK 18 MAIN STREET, HOPKINTON, MA 01748 ANNUAL TOWN MEETING MONDAY, MAY 7th, 2018 RETURN OF THE WARRANT The Annual Town Meeting convened at 7:00 P.M. on Monday, May 7th, 2018, at the Middle School Auditorium. The meeting was called to order by the Town Moderator, Mr. Thomas Garabedian at 7:20 P.M. at such time that a quorum was determined to be present. Boy Scout Troop 4 presented the colors and led the hall Pledge of Allegiance. Mr. Garabedian requested a moment of silence to remember those volunteers and employees of the Town that had passed away since the last time Town Meeting had been convened. Mr. Garabedian gave the directives of the meeting and the bounds of the Hall. Connor B. Degan, Town Clerk, read the call and return of the warrant. Mr. Thomas Garabedian, Town Moderator, made the motion to appoint Ellen Rutter, of Forest Lane, as Deputy Moderator. The motion was seconded. Passed by: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) Mr. John Coutinho, Chair of the Board of Selectmen, made the motion: to adjourn the Annual Town Meeting at the consideration of the article under discussion at 11:00 P.M. Passed by: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) Mr. John Coutinho, Chair of the Board of Selectmen, made the motion that Article 47, “Easements – Main Street Corridor,” be taken up as the next item of discussion following business on Article 20, “Main Street Corridor Project.” The motion was seconded. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) 250 Mr. John Coutinho, Chair of the Board of Selectmen,made the motion that Article 40, “Marijuana Prohibition,” be taken up as the next item of discussion following business on Article 37, “Marijuana Establishments.” The motion was seconded. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) Ms. Jean Bertschmann, Chair of the School Committee, made the motion that Article 22, “Turf Field Project,” be the first Article to be discussed on Tuesday, May 8th, 2018. The motion was seconded. Failed By: Simple Majority, Yes: 117 – No: 207 ARTICLE 1: Acceptance of Town Reports:To hear the Reports of Town Officers, Boards and Committees. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Motion (Board of Selectmen):We move that the Town accept the Reports of Town Officers, Boards and Committees. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) ARTICLE 2: FY 2018 Supplemental Appropriations and Transfers:To see if the Town will vote to transfer from available funds or otherwise provide a sum or sums of money to supplement operating budgets and various accounts for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2018. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to transfer the sum of $700,000 (SEVEN HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS) from Free Cash to supplement the FY 2018 Snow & Ice Control operating budget, and to revise the funding sources for the FY 2018 Enterprise Fund operating budgets, to reduce estimated revenues and replace from retained earnings, as follows: Sewer Enterprise Fund $215,000 Water Enterprise Fund $165,000 Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) 251 ARTICLE 3: Unpaid Bills from Previous Fiscal Years:To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate, transfer from available funds or otherwise provide a sum or sums of money to pay unpaid bills from prior fiscal years, in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 44, Section 64, of the Massachusetts General Laws. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee):We move that the Town vote to transfer from General Fund Free Cash the sum of $3,371.10 (THREE THOUSAND, THREE HUNDRED SEVENTY-ONE DOLLARS AND TEN CENTS), from Water Enterprise Retained Earnings the sum of $3,479.78 (THREE THOUSAND, FOUR HUNDRED SEVENTY-NINE DOLLARS AND SEVENTY-EIGHT CENTS), and from Sewer Enterprise Retained Earnings the sum of $4.00 (FOUR DOLLARS) for a total of $6,854.88 (SIX THOUSAND, EIGHT HUNDRED FIFTY-FOUR DOLLARS AND EIGHTY-EIGHT CENTS), for the following bills incurred in a previous year, in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 44, Section 64 of the Massachusetts General Laws, as follows: Department #Vendor Amount Information Technology Verizon $162.70 Information Technology Elextronix Reduc $202.86 Information Technology Crossmatch $1,906.79 Public Works/Highway Aggregate Industries $400.00 Public Works/Water Miyares & Harrington $552.50 Public Works/Water Miyares & Harrington $2,922.50 Public Works/Water Work N Gear $4.78 Public Works/Sewer Work N Gear $4.00 Public Works/Facilities Radiant Cleaning $698.75 TOTAL $6,854.88 Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) 252 ARTICLE 4: Excess Bond Premium: To see if the Town will vote to appropriate the remaining excess bond premium from the Town's $29,250,000 (TWENTY-NINE MILLION, TWO HUNDRED FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS) General Obligation Municipal Purpose Loan of 2016 Bonds, dated December 1, 2016, to capital projects of the Town for which such bonds were issued or for which borrowing has been authorized, so as to reduce the borrowing authorizations accordingly, or to other capital projects of the Town. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to appropriate $118,270.81 (ONE HUNDRED EIGHTEEN THOUSAND, TWO HUNDRED SEVENTY DOLLARS AND EIGHTY-ONE CENTS) from the remaining net premium paid to the Town upon the sale of the Town's $29,250,000 (TWENTY NINE MILLION, TWO HUNDRED FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS) General Obligation Municipal Purpose Loan of 2016 Bonds dated December 1, 2016 to the following capital projects of the Town and to reduce the amount authorized to be borrowed for such projects, but not yet issued by the Town, by the same amount, pursuant to Chapter 44, Section 20 of the General Laws: Amount of Premium Project $38,384.04 Center Elementary School Replacement (October 26, 2015 —Art. 1) $43,182.04 DPW Facility (May 4, 2015 — Art. 15) $29,747.63 Library Renovation/Expansion (May 5, 2014 - Art. 15) $5,517.70 Grove Street Water Tank Replacement (May 2, 2016 -Art. 20) $479.80 Water Main Replacement— Hayden Rowe St. (May 2, 2016 - Art. 21) $959.60 Middle School Auditorium Improvements (May 2, 2016 – Art. 24) 253 $118,270.81 TOTAL Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) ARTICLE 5: Property Tax Exemption Increase: To see if the Town will vote to accept the provisions of Section 4 of Chapter 73 of the Acts of 1986, as amended by Chapter 126 of the Acts of 1988, to provide an additional real estate tax exemption for all fiscal years beginning July 1, 2018, for those qualifying for an exemption under Chapter 59, Section 5, Clauses 17D, 22, 22A, 22B, 22C, 22D, 22E, 37A, 41C, 42 or 43 of the Massachusetts General Laws. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to accept the provisions of Chapter 59, Section 5C1/2 of the Massachusetts General Laws (formerly Section 4 of Chapter 73 of the Acts of 1986, as amended by Chapter 126 of the Acts 1988) to provide for an additional real estate tax exemption of seventy five percent in the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2018, for those qualifying for an exemption under Chapter 59, Section 5, clauses 17D, 22, 22A, 22B, 22C, 22D, 22E, 37A, 41C, 42, or 43 of the Massachusetts General Laws. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) ARTICLE 6: Senior Tax Relief:To see if the Town will vote to accept Chapter 59, Section 5, Clause 50 of the Massachusetts General Laws, which exempts from taxation the increased value of residential real property as a result of alterations or improvements thereto, not to exceed five hundred dollars of taxes due; provided, however, that said alterations or improvements are made to provide housing for a person who is at least sixty years old and who is not the owner of the premises; provided further, that any such alterations or improvements must be made to a house, consisting of no more than three units prior to such alterations or improvements and which is owned and occupied by the applicant as his domicile; and provided, further, that the applicant shall annually furnish to the assessors a statement under oath that the alterations or improvements were made to provide housing for a person who is at least sixty years old. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. 254 Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to accept the provisions of Chapter 59, Section 5, Clause 50 of the Massachusetts General Laws. Passed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority Declared ARTICLE 7: Salary of Elected Official:To see if the Town will vote to fix the salary or compensation of all of the elected officials of the Town in accordance with Chapter 41, Section 108, of the Massachusetts General Laws. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Motion (Board of Selectmen): I move that the Town vote to fix the salary of the elected Town Clerk for the Fiscal Year commencing July 1, 2018 at $67,599.22 (SIXTY-SEVEN THOUSAND, FIVE HUNDRED NINETY-NINE DOLLARS AND TWENTY-TWO CENTS). Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) ARTICLE 8: Fiscal 2019 Operating Budget: To hear and act on reports and recommendations of the Appropriation Committee and to see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate, transfer from available funds, borrow or otherwise provide a sum or sums of money for the operation and maintenance of Town Departments for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2018, and that such sums be expended for such purposes under the direction of the respective Town Officers, Boards and Committees. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to appropriate: ●$82,897,963 to the General Fund; ● 288,231 to the Community Preservation Fund; ●2,925,265 to the Sewer Enterprise Fund; ●2,039,293 to the Water Enterprise Fund; and ● 736,233 to the Parks & Recreation Enterprise Fund. for a total of $88,886,985 (EIGHTY EIGHT MILLION, EIGHT HUNDRED 255 EIGHTY SIX THOUSAND, NINE HUNDRED EIGHTY FIVE DOLLARS), for the purposes itemized and described in the FY 2019 Operating Budget of the Town, in the amounts set forth in the FY 2019 Appropriations Committee Report for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2018, in the column titled “Appropriations Committee Recommendation,” said sums to be spent under the direction of the respective Town Officers, Boards, and Committees, and that the amounts appropriated be raised as follows: GENERAL FUND Transfers from available funds: Ambulance Receipts Reserved $ 515,080 Title V 74,063 Bond Premiums 126,246 Library Foundation 443,956 Transfers from available funds $ 1,159,345 Local Receipts, Intergovernmental Revenue, and Tax Levy 81,738,618 GENERAL FUND $82,897,963 COMMUNITY PRESERVATION FUND Transfers from available funds, as recommended by the Community Preservation Committee: CPC Undesignated Fund Balance $ 97,912 CPC Fund Balance Reserved for Open Space 14,560 CPC Fund Balance Reserved for Passive/Active Recreation 175,759 COMMUNITY PRESERVATION FUND $ 288,231 SEWER ENTERPRISE FUND FY2019 Sewer Enterprise Revenue $ 2,154,865 Transfer from Retained Earnings 770,400 SEWER ENTERPRISE SOURCES OF FUNDS $ 2,925,265 Indirect Costs to be raised from the FY2019 Sewer Enterprise Fund revenues, appropriated in the General Fund 270,363 SEWER ENTERPRISE FUND BUDGET $ 3,195,628 WATER ENTERPRISE FUND FY2019 Water Enterprise Revenue $ 1,805,893 Transfer from Retained Earnings 233,400 WATER ENTERPRISE SOURCES OF FUNDS $ 2,039,293 Indirect Costs to be raised from the FY2019 Water Enterprise Fund revenues, appropriated in the General Fund 355,334 WATER ENTERPRISE FUND BUDGET $ 2,394,627 256 PARKS & RECREATION ENTERPRISE FUND FY2019 Parks & Recreation Enterprise Revenue $ 599,539 Tax Levy 136,694 PARKS & RECREATION ENTERPRISE SOURCES OF FUNDS $ 736,233 Indirect Costs to be raised from the FY2019 Parks & Recreation Enterprise Fund revenues, appropriated in the General Fund 37,369 PARKS & RECREATION ENTERPRISE FUND BUDGET $ 773,602 Motion (Darlene Hayes, Third Road):I move that we end debate on Article 8. Motion was seconded. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) Main Motion Passed By: Simple Majority, Yes: 311 –No: 35 (05-07-2018) ARTICLE 9: Revolving Fund Bylaw and Fund Transfer: To see if the Town will vote to amend Section 13-15, Authorized Revolving Funds, as follows: 1.By deleting the row entitled “Conservation Commission,” in its entirety, and inserting in place thereof, the following: Revolving Fund Department, Board, Committee or Officer Authorized to Spend from fund Fees, Charges or Other Receipts Credited to Fund Program or Activity Expenses Payable from Fund Restriction s or Conditions on Expenses Payable from Fund Other Requirem ents/ Reports Fiscal Years Conservati on Commissi on Conservation Commission Filing fees in Wetlands Protectio n Bylaw To meet expenses incurred in processing and reviewing applications and other related expenses. None None Fiscal Year 2018 and subseque nt years 2. By deleting the row entitled “Emergency Medical Services,” in its entirety; 257 3.By deleting the row entitled “Planning Board,” in its entirety, and inserting in place thereof, the following: Revolving Fund Department, Board, Committee or Officer Authorized to Spend from fund Fees, Charges or Other Receipts Credited to Fund Program or Activity Expenses Payable from Fund Restrictio ns or Conditions on Expenses Payable from Fund Other Requirem ents/ Reports Fiscal Years Planning Board Planning Board Permit fees collected by the Planning Board relating to review of Site Plans, petitions, applicati ons, permits and appeals To meet expenses incurred in processing and reviewing applications and other related expenses. None None Fiscal Year 2018 and subseque nt years 258 4. By deleting the row entitled “Open Space Preservation Commission,” in its entirety, and inserting in place thereof, the following: Revolving Fund Department, Board, Committee or Officer Authorized to Spend from fund Fees, Charges or Other Receipts Credited to Fund Program or Activity Expenses Payable from Fund Restrictio ns or Conditions on Expenses Payable from Fund Other Requirem ents/ Reports Fiscal Years Open Space Preservati on Commissi on Open Space Preservation Commission User fees and charges collected by the Open Space Preservat ion Commiss ion in the conduct of its programs , and activities. To meet expenses of the publication, reprinting and sale of trail guide and the maintenance of trails and signage. None None Fiscal Year 2018 and subseque nt years 259 5. By deleting the row entitled “Youth and Family Services Department,” in its entirety, and inserting in place thereof, the following: Revolving Fund Department, Board, Committee or Officer Authorized to Spend from fund Fees, Charges or Other Receipts Credited to Fund Program or Activity Expenses Payable from Fund Restrictio ns or Conditions on Expenses Payable from Fund Other Requirem ents/ Reports Fiscal Years Youth and Family Services Departme nt Director of Youth and Family Services User fees and charges received for the conduct of youth and family services, programs , and activities. To meet expenses incurred in conducting programs and activities for the Town’s young people. None None Fiscal Year 2018 and subseque nt years And 260 6.By deleting the row entitled “Zoning Board of Appeals,” in its entirety, and inserting in place thereof, the following Revolvin g Fund Department, Board, Committee or Officer Authorized to Spend from fund Fees, Charges or Other Receipts Credited to Fund Program or Activity Expenses Payable from Fund Restrictio ns or Conditions on Expenses Payable from Fund Other Requirem ents/ Reports Fiscal Years Zoning Board of Appeals Zoning Board of Appeals Filing fees collected by the Zoning Board of Appeals relating to review of appeals, petitions and applicati ons. Appropriate expenses of the Zoning Board of Appeals. None None Fiscal Year 2018 and subseque nt years And to transfer all funds within the Emergency Medical Services Revolving Fund to the Ambulance Receipt Reserved Fund. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to amend the General Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton, as set forth in Article 9 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant and authorize the Town to transfer all funds within the Emergency Medical Services revolving fund to the Ambulance Receipt Reserved Fund. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) 261 ARTICLE 10: FY 2019 Revolving Funds Spending Limits: To see if the Town will vote to establish the limit on the total amount that may be expended from each revolving fund established by Article VI of the General Bylaws pursuant to Section 53E½ of Chapter 44 of the Massachusetts General Laws for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2018. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee):We move that the Town vote to establish the limit on the total amount that may be expended from each revolving fund established by Chapter 13 of the General Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton pursuant to Section 53E½ of Chapter 44 of the Massachusetts General Laws for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2018, as follows: Revolving Fund Spending Limit for FY 19 Building Department $270,000 Part-Time Wire Inspector $100,000 Part-Time Plumbing Inspector $100,000 Hazardous Materials $5,000 Conservation Commission $115,000 Library $9,000 Public Safety $5,000 Planning Board $30,000 Open Space Preservation Commission $10,000 Youth and Family Services $4,000 262 Department Zoning Board of Appeals $50,000 Department of Public Works $8,000 Department of Public Works $15,000 Department of Public Works $8,000 Cemetery Commission $3,500 Cemetery Lot Fund $10,000 School Department 1:1 Laptop Initiative $470,000 Fingerprinting Fund $500 Senior Center Programs Fund $75,000 Police Department $10,000 Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) ARTICLE 11: Chapter 90 Highway Funds: To see if the Town will vote to appropriate a sum or sums of money from the proceeds due to the Town pursuant to Chapter 90 of the Massachusetts General Laws, for the purposes of repair, construction, maintenance and preservation of the Town’s roads and bridges, the acquisition of easements and other interests in real property related to the laying out of ways, and other related costs, which qualify under the State Aid Highway Guidelines adopted by the Massachusetts Department of Transportation; said sum to be spent under the direction of the Town Manager. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Capital Improvements Committee recommends approval. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to appropriate $649,000 (SIX HUNDRED FORTY NINE THOUSAND DOLLARS) from the proceeds due to the Town pursuant to Chapter 90 of the Massachusetts General Laws for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2018, for the purposes of repair, construction, maintenance and preservation of the Town’s roads and 263 bridges, the acquisition of easements and other interests in real property related to the laying out of ways, and other related costs, which qualify under the State Aid Highway Guidelines adopted by the Massachusetts Department of Transportation; said sum to be spent under the direction of the Town Manager. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) ARTICLE 12: Transfer to General Stabilization Fund: To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate, transfer from available funds, or otherwise provide a sum or sums of money for the purpose of increasing the General Stabilization Fund, to be used, upon further appropriation, for any lawful purpose. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to transfer from General Fund Free Cash the sum of $125,000 (ONE HUNDRED TWENTY- FIVE THOUSAND DOLLARS) for the purpose of increasing the General Stabilization Fund, said sums to be used, upon further appropriation, for any lawful purpose. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) ARTICLE 13: Other Post-Employment Benefits Liability Trust Fund: To see if the Town will vote to accept the provisions of Section 20 of Chapter 32B of the Massachusetts General Laws, as amended by Section 15 of the Chapter 218 of the Acts of 2016, establishing an Other Post- Employment Benefits Liability Trust Fund; to authorize the Board of Selectmen and Treasurer- Collector to execute a declaration of trust creating an expendable trust for the purpose of holding monies appropriated to such fund; to designate the Treasurer-Collector as the trustee of such trust; to authorize the transfer of any and all monies currently held for the purpose of paying retiree health and life benefits to such trust; and to authorize the trustee to invest and reinvest the monies in such fund in accordance with the prudent investor rule established in Chapter 203C of the Massachusetts General Laws. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to transfer from General Fund Free Cash the sum of $400,000 (FOUR HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS) to be credited to the Other Post-Employment Benefits 264 Liability Trust Fund, authorize the Board of Selectmen and Treasurer-Collector to execute a declaration of trust creating an expendable trust for the purpose of holding monies appropriated to such fund and designate the Treasurer-Collector as the trustee of such trust, authorize the transfer of any and all monies currently held for the purpose of paying retiree health and life benefits to such trust, and authorize the trustee to invest and reinvest the monies in such fund in accordance with the prudent investor rule established in Chapter 203C of the Massachusetts General Laws. Passed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority Declared (05-07-2018) ARTICLE 14: Pay-As-You-Go Capital Expenses: To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate, transfer from available funds, or otherwise provide a sum or sums of money to fund the following Pay-As-You-Go capital purchases and projects: Item Purchase or Product To be spent under the direction of A Town IT- End User Hardware Replacement Town Manager B Town IT –Public Safety Server Upgrade Town Manager C Town IT –Town Hall Security Upgrades Town Manager D Election Precinct Tabulator Update Town Clerk E Fire Communications System Fire Chief F Deputy Fire Chief Inspector Vehicle Fire Chief G Ambulance Replacement Fire Chief H Replace Police Vehicles Police Chief I F550 Dump Truck S13 Town Manager J F550 Dump Truck S30 Town Manager K Walk-in Refrigerator School Superintendent L School Security Upgrades School Superintendent M School Wetland Conditions School Superintendent N Automated External Defibrillator School Superintendent Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Capital Improvements Committee recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to transfer $230,445 (TWO HUNDRED THIRTY THOUSAND, FOUR HUNDRED FORTY- FIVE DOLLARS) from General Fund Free Cash, $290,000 (TWO HUNDRED NINETY THOUSAND DOLLARS) from Ambulance Receipt Reserves, and $499,821 (FOUR HUNDRED NINETY-NINE THOUSAND, EIGHT HUNDRED 265 TWENTY-ONE) from unspent capital appropriations as follows: Articl e Town Meeting Project Amount Remaining 25 5/4/2015 Joint Safety and Security $471.00 17 5/2/2016 Fire Ladder Truck $49.83 19 5/2/2016 Dump Truck $232.00 14 5/5/2014 Hopkins School Ceiling and Tile Replacement Project (PAYG) $203,000.0 0 27 5/4/2015 Roof Repairs –Hopkins and High Schools $127,786.5 2 22 5/5/2014 School Safety and Security Upgrades $2,965.00 13 5/2/2016 Hopkins School Boiler Replacement (PAYG)$152.45 13 5/2/2016 Tractor Replacement (PAYG)$342.00 13 5/2/2016 High School Athletic Center Scoreboard Replacement (PAYG)$2,125.48 13 5/2/2016 Middle School Water Heater Replacement (PAYG)$12,082.68 14 5/5/2014 Building and Grounds Department Truck (PAYG)$435.00 14 5/5/2014 Middle School Upgrade Fire Alarm System (PAYG) $5,435.74 14 5/5/2014 Joint IT Upgrades at the Center and Elmwood Schools (PAYG)$622.84 21 5/5/2014 Evaluation Studies for School Roof Repairs $11,480.00 19 5/1/2017 Buildings and Ground Equipment - Systemwide (PAYG)$900.00 19 5/1/2017 Hopkins HVAC Assessment & Upgrades (PAYG)$69,156.69 14 5/4/2015 Replacement Cardiac Monitor (PAYG)$1,986.50 14 5/4/2015 Elmwood Farm Parking Area (PAYG)$20,772.58 13 5/2/2016 Highway F-350 Pickup (PAYG) $1,121.54 14 5/3/2010 ADA Compliance (PAYG)$6,533.64 14 5/5/2014 Keefe Regional Technical School Roof (PAYG)$32,095.51 19 5/1/2017 Vehicle Ford Explorer (PAYG)$74.00 for a total of $1,020,266 (ONE MILLION, TWENTY THOUSAND, TWO HUNDRED SIXTY-SIX DOLLARS) for the following capital purchases and projects, to be expended in the specified amounts and under the specified direction as set forth as follows: Item Purchase or Product Department Amount Spent Under the Direction Of A Town IT –End User Hardware Replacement Technology Department $35,000 Town Manager B Town IT –Public Safety Server Upgrade Technology Department $60,000 Town Manager 266 C Town IT –Town Hall Security Upgrades Technology Department $45,500 Town Manager D Election Precinct Tabulator Update Town Clerk $28,750 Town Clerk E Fire Communication System Fire $100,00 0 Fire Chief F Deputy Fire Chief Inspector Vehicle Fire $48,016 Fire Chief G Ambulance Replacement Fire $290,00 0 Fire Chief H Replace Police Vehicles Police $90,000 Police Chief I F550 Dump Truck S13 Department of Public Works $80,000 Town Manager J F550 Dump Truck S30 Department of Public Works $80,000 Town Manager K Walk-in-Refrigerator School Department $20,000 School Superintendent L School Security Upgrades School Department $100,00 0 School Superintendent M School Wetlands Conditions School Department $10,000 School Superintendent N Automated External Defibrillator School Department $33,000 School Superintendent Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) ARTICLE 15: Comprehensive Wastewater Management Plan: To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate, transfer from available funds, or otherwise provide a sum or sums of money for planning and engineering designs and associated costs related to the Comprehensive Wastewater Management Plan Update; said sums to be spent under the direction of the Town Manager. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Appropriation Committee recommends no action. Capital Improvements Committee recommends approval Board of Selectmen recommends approval Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town take no action. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) 267 ARTICLE 16: Hayden Rowe Water Main Replacement: To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate, borrow, transfer from available funds, or otherwise provide a sum or sums of money for engineering designs, bid documents, construction services and associated costs related to the replacement of the water main at Hayden Rowe; said sums to be spent under the direction of the Town Manager. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Capital Improvements Committee recommends approval. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to appropriate $1,600,000 (ONE MILLION, SIX HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS)for engineering designs, bid documents, construction services and associated costs related to the replacement of the water main at Hayden Rowe; and, for the purpose of meeting such appropriation, to authorize the Town Treasurer, with the approval of the Board of Selectmen, to borrow said sum in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 8(5) of the Massachusetts General Laws, or any other enabling authority and to issue bonds or notes of the Town therefor, and that any premium received by the Town upon the sale of any bonds or notes approved by this vote, less any such premium applied to the payment of the costs of the issuance of such bonds or notes, may be applied to payment of costs approved by this vote in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 20 of the Massachusetts General Laws, thereby reducing the amount to be borrowed to pay such cost by a like amount; provided, however, that, while any bonds or notes issued in connection with such borrowing shall be general obligations of the Town, it is the intent of the Town that principal and interest payments on such bonds or notes be made from the Water Enterprise Fund; said sum to be spent under the direction of the Town Manager. Passed By: Voice Vote, 2/3 Majority Declared by Moderator (05-07-2018) ARTICLE 17: Cedar Street Water Main Replacement: To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate, borrow, transfer from available funds, or otherwise provide a sum or sums of money for engineering designs, bid documents, construction services and associated costs related to the replacement of the water main at Cedar Street; said sum to be spent under the direction of the Town Manager. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Capital Improvements Committee recommends approval. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. 268 Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to appropriate $620,000 (SIX HUNDRED TWENTY THOUSAND DOLLARS) for engineering designs, bid documents, construction services and associated costs related to the replacement of the water main at Cedar Street; and, for the purpose of meeting such appropriation, to authorize the Town Treasurer, with the approval of the Board of Selectmen, to borrow said sum in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 8(5) of the Massachusetts General Laws, or any other enabling authority and to issue bonds or notes of the Town therefor, and that any premium received by the Town upon the sale of any bonds or notes approved by this vote, less any such premium applied to the payment of the costs of the issuance of such bonds or notes, may be applied to payment of costs approved by this vote in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 20 of the Massachusetts General Laws, thereby reducing the amount to be borrowed to pay such cost by a like amount; provided, however, that, while any bonds or notes issued in connection with such borrowing shall be general obligations of the Town, it is the intent of the Town that principal and interest payments on such bonds or notes be made from the Water Enterprise Fund; said sum to be spent under the direction of the Town Manager. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) ARTICLE 18: Pratt Farm Wellfield Investigation and New Source Approval: To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate, transfer from available funds, or otherwise provide a sum or sums of money for the installation of wellfields and observation wells, pumping tests, and submission of reports and permit or approval request documents to the Department of Environmental Protection and the Town of Hopkinton’s Conservation Commission regarding the Pratt Farm Wellfield Investigation and New Source Approval Project, said sum to be spent under the direction of the Town Manager. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Capital Improvements Committee recommends approval. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to appropriate $170,000 (ONE HUNDRED SEVENTY THOUSAND DOLLARS) from the Water Enterprise Retained Earnings for the installation of wellfields and observation wells, pumping tests, and submission of reports and permit or approval request documents to the Department of Environmental Protection and the Town of Hopkinton’s Conservation Commission regarding the Pratt Farm Wellfield Investigation and New Source Approval Project; said sum to be spent under the direction of the Town Manager. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) 269 ARTICLE 19: Purchase of Backhoe: To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate, transfer from available funds, or otherwise provide a sum or sums of money for the purchase of a backhoe, accessories and related costs for the Department of Public Works; said sum to be spent under the direction of the Town Manager. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Capital Improvements Committee recommends approval. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to appropriate $63,400 (SIXTY-THREE THOUSAND, FOUR HUNDRED DOLLARS) from the Sewer Enterprise Retained Earnings and $63,400 (SIXTY- THREE THOUSAND, FOUR HUNDRED DOLLARS) from the Water Enterprise Retained Earnings for the purchase of a backhoe, accessories and related costs for the Department of Public Works; said sum to be spent under the direction of the Town Manager. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) ARTICLE 20: Main Street Corridor Project: To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate, borrow, transfer from available funds, or otherwise provide a sum or sums of money for design, construction services, professional services, undergrounding of utilities and associated work, installation of street lighting, and police details related to the Main Street Corridor Project; said sum to be spent under the direction of the Town Manager. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Capital Improvements Committee recommends approval. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to appropriate $3,000,000 (THREE MILLION DOLLARS) for costs, not covered by federal or state funding sources other than pursuant to Chapter 90 of the Massachusetts General laws, in connection with design, construction services, professional services, undergrounding of utilities and associated work, installation of street lighting, landscaping and street furniture, acquisition of easements, and police details related to the Main Street Corridor Project; and, for the purpose of meeting such appropriation, to authorize the Town Treasurer, with the approval of the Board of Selectmen, to borrow said sum in accordance 270 with Chapter 44, Section 7(1) of the Massachusetts General Laws, or any other enabling authority and to issue bonds or notes of the Town therefor, and that any premium received by the Town upon the sale of any bonds or notes approved by this vote, less any such premium applied to the payment of the costs of the issuance of such bonds or notes, may be applied to payment of costs approved by this vote in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 20 of the Massachusetts General Laws, thereby reducing the amount to be borrowed to pay such cost by a like amount; said sum to be spent under the direction of the Town Manager. Motion (Jennifer Devlin, Rice Street):I move that we end debate on Article 20. Motion was seconded. Passed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority (05-07-2018) Main Motion Passed By: Voice Vote, 2/3 Majority Declared by Moderator (05-07-2018) ARTICLE 47: Easements –Main Street Corridor: To see if the Town will vote to authorize the Board of Selectmen to acquire, by gift, purchase, eminent domain or otherwise, easements in the parcels identified below for the purpose of establishing a secure permanent public right of way that will allow for construction and roadway safety improvements, including grading, foundation for a mast arm, traffic signals, driveway tie-ins, overhead wires, guy wires, fences and related facilities in connection with the Main Street Corridor Project: Assessors’ Map Block Lot U15 32 0 U16 1 0 U16 2 0 U16 4 0 U16 5 0 U16 6 0 U16 7 0 U16 21 0 U16 22 0 U16 23 0 U16 49 0 U16 50 0 U16 51 0 U16 52 0 U16 53 0 U16 67 0 U16 68 0 271 U16 69 0 U16 75 0 U16 76 0 U16 78 0 U16 79 0 U16 80 0 U16 85 0 U16 86 A U16 117 0 U16 118 0 U16 121 0 U16 124 0 U16 125 0 U16 146 0 U16 147 0 U16 149 0 U16 151 0 U16 152 0 U16 153 0 U16 154 0 U16 155 0 U16 156 0 U16 167 0 U16 168 0 U16 169 0 U16 194 0 U16 195 0 U16 196 0 U16 216 0 U16 217 0 U16 218 0 U16 219 0 U16 220 0 U16 221 0 U16 222 0 U16 223 0 U16 224 0 U16 225 0 U16 226 0 U16 250 0 272 U16 254 0 U16 255 0 U16 256 0 U16 257 0 U16 259 0 U16 261 0 U16 263 0 U16 265 0 U16 272 0 U16 273 0 U16 274 0 U16 279 0 U16 280 0 U16 281 0 U16 282 0 U16 283 0 U18 6 0 U18 11 0 U18 12 0 U18 14 0 U18 15 0 U18 16 0 U18 38 0 U18 38 A U18 39 0 U18 42 0 U18 43 0 U18 44 0 U18 45 0 U18 46 0 U18 47 0 U18 48 0 U19 7 0 U19 9 0 U19 13 0 U19 14 0 U19 15 0 Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. 273 Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Capital Improvements Committee recommends approval. Motion (Board of Selectmen): We move that the Town vote to authorize the Board of Selectmen to take all necessary and timely actions to acquire, by gift, purchase, eminent domain or otherwise, easements for the purpose of establishing a secure permanent public right of way that will allow for construction and roadway safety improvements, including grading, foundation for a mast arm, traffic signals, driveway tie-ins, overhead wires, guy wires, fences and related facilities in connection with the Main Street Corridor Project, in the parcels identified in Article 47 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant. Passed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority (05-07-2018) ARTICLE 21: Campus Master Plan Study –Phase 1 School Bus Parking:To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate, borrow, transfer from available funds, or otherwise provide a sum or sums of money for Phase 1 of the Campus Master Plan Study, which includes the construction of a parking lot on Town-owned property; said sum to be spent under the direction of the School Committee. Pass any vote or take an act relative thereto. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Capital Improvements Committee recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to appropriate $400,000 (FOUR HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS) for Phase 1 of the Campus Master Plan Study, which includes the construction of a parking lot on Town-owned property; and, for the purpose of meeting such appropriation, to authorize the Town Treasurer, with the approval of the Board of Selectmen, to borrow said sum in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 7(1) of the Massachusetts General Laws, or any other enabling authority and to issue bonds or notes of the Town therefor, and that any premium received by the Town upon the sale of any bonds or notes approved by this vote, less any such premium applied to the payment of the costs of the issuance of such bonds or notes, may be applied to payment of costs approved by this vote in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 20 of the Massachusetts General Laws, thereby reducing the amount to be borrowed to pay such cost by a like amount; said sum to be spent under the direction of the School Committee. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-07-2018) ARTICLE 22: Turf Fields Project:To see if the Town will vote to hear and act on the report of the Community Preservation Committee on the Community Preservation budget for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2018, and to raise and appropriate, borrow, transfer from available funds, a sum 274 or sums of money for the purpose of installing turf on fields 4 and 5 at Hopkinton High School and making associated capital improvements, including lighting, said sum to be spent under the direction of the School Committee; with such funds coming from the following sources: A) $ 1,000,000 (ONE MILLION DOLLARS) from the Community Preservation Fund, with $300,000 (THREE HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS) from Passive/Active Recreation and $700,000 (SEVEN HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS) from Undesignated Fund Balances; provided, however, that such funds shall not be used for the acquisition of the turf field; B) $720,000 (SEVEN HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS) from the Community Preservation Fund to be used only for the lighting associated with the Athletic Field Project and for the purpose of meeting such appropriation, to authorize the Town Treasurer, with the approval of the Board of Selectmen, to borrow said sum in accordance with Chapter 44B, Section 11 of the Massachusetts General Laws, or any other enabling authority and to issue bonds or notes of the Town therefor, and that any premium received by the Town upon the sale of any bonds or notes approved by this vote, less any such premium applied to the payment of the costs of the issuance of such bonds or notes, may be applied to payment of costs approved by this vote in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 20 of the Massachusetts General Laws, thereby reducing the amount to be borrowed to pay such cost by a like amount; provided, however, that while such bond and notes shall be general obligations of the Town, the payment of debt service on the bonds and notes for this purpose shall be made in the first instance from Community Preservation Committee reserve funds; and C) A sum or sums of money from General Revenues and, for the purpose of meeting such appropriation, to authorize the Town Treasurer, with the approval of the Board of Selectmen, to borrow said sum in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 7(1) of the Massachusetts General Laws, or any other enabling authority and to issue bonds or notes of the Town therefor, and that any premium received by the Town upon the sale of any bonds or notes approved by this vote, less any such premium applied to the payment of the costs of the issuance of such bonds or notes, may be applied to payment of costs approved by this vote in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 20 of the Massachusetts General Laws, thereby reducing the amount to be borrowed to pay such cost by a like amount; provided, however, that said sum shall be reduced by the amount received as gifts or donations in support of the purposes of this motion. Pass any vote or take an act relative thereto. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Capital Improvements Committee recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to appropriate $3,525,418 (THREE MILLION, FIVE HUNDRED TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND, FOUR HUNDRED EIGHTEEN DOLLARS) for the purpose of 275 installing turf on fields 4 and 5 at Hopkinton High School and making associated capital improvements, including lighting, said sum to be spent under the direction of the School Committee; with such funds coming from the following sources: A) $ 1,000,000 (ONE MILLION DOLLARS) from the Community Preservation Fund, with $300,000 (THREE HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS) from Passive/Active Recreation and $700,000 (SEVEN HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS) from Undesignated Fund Balances; provided, however, that such funds shall not be used for the acquisition of the turf field; B) $720,000 (SEVEN HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS) from the Community Preservation Fund to be used only for the lighting associated with the Athletic Field Project and for the purpose of meeting such appropriation, to authorize the Town Treasurer, with the approval of the Board of Selectmen, to borrow said sum in accordance with Chapter 44B, Section 11 of the Massachusetts General Laws, or any other enabling authority and to issue bonds or notes of the Town therefor, and that any premium received by the Town upon the sale of any bonds or notes approved by this vote, less any such premium applied to the payment of the costs of the issuance of such bonds or notes, may be applied to payment of costs approved by this vote in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 20 of the Massachusetts General Laws, thereby reducing the amount to be borrowed to pay such cost by a like amount; provided, however, that while such bond and notes shall be general obligations of the Town, the payment of debt service on the bonds and notes for this purpose shall be made in the first instance from Community Preservation Committee reserve funds; and C) $ 1,805,418 (ONE MILLION, EIGHT HUNDRED FIVE THOUSAND, FOUR HUNDRED EIGHTEEN DOLLARS) from General Revenues and, for the purpose of meeting such appropriation, to authorize the Town Treasurer, with the approval of the Board of Selectmen, to borrow said sum in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 7(1) of the Massachusetts General Laws, or any other enabling authority and to issue bonds or notes of the Town therefor, and that any premium received by the Town upon the sale of any bonds or notes approved by this vote, less any such premium applied to the payment of the costs of the issuance of such bonds or notes, may be applied to payment of costs approved by this vote in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 20 of the Massachusetts General Laws, thereby reducing the amount to be borrowed to pay such cost by a like amount; provided, however, that said sum shall be reduced by the amount received as gifts or donations in support of the purposes of this motion. Motion (John Ritz, of Erika Drive):I move that we end debate on Article 22. Motion was seconded 276 Passed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority (05-07-2018) Main Motion Passed By: 2/3 Majority, Yes: 288 –No: 61 11:32 P.M. Annual Town Meeting was adjourned to reconvene at 7:00 PM, Tuesday, May 8th, 2018 at the Middle School Auditorium. Passed By: Voice Vote Unanimous (5-7-2018) 7:09 P.M. Annual Town Meeting reconvened on Tuesday, May 8th, 2018 at the Middle School Auditorium. A quorum was present. ARTICLE 23: Technology Upgrades: To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate, borrow, transfer from available funds, or otherwise provide a sum or sums of money for replacement of core switches in the Main Distribution Frames of four school buildings that connect to the School and Town networks; said sum to be spent under the direction of the School Committee. Pass any vote or take an act relative thereto. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Capital Improvements Committee recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to appropriate $165,000 (ONE HUNDRED SIXTY FIVE THOUSAND DOLLARS) for replacement of core switches in the Main Distribution Frames of four school buildings that connect to the School and Town networks; and, for the purpose of meeting such appropriation, to authorize the Town Treasurer, with the approval of the Board of Selectmen, to borrow said sum in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 7(9) of the Massachusetts General Laws, or any other enabling authority and to issue bonds or notes of the Town therefor, and that any premium received by the Town upon the sale of any bonds or notes approved by this vote, less any such premium applied to the payment of the costs of the issuance of such bonds or notes, may be applied to payment of costs approved by this vote in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 20 of the Massachusetts General Laws, thereby reducing the amount to be borrowed to pay such cost by a like amount; said sum to be spent under the direction of the School Committee. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-08-2018) ARTICLE 24: Facilities Improvements District Wide: To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate, borrow, transfer from available funds, or otherwise provide a sum or sums of money for engineering, bid documents, construction services, and associated costs related to the replacement of various building elements, equipment, infrastructure and systems districtwide; said sum to be spent under the direction of the School Committee. 277 Pass any vote or take an act relative thereto. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Capital Improvements Committee recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to appropriate $148,500 (ONE HUNDRED FORTY EIGHT THOUSAND, FIVE HUNDRED DOLLARS) for engineering, bid documents, construction services, and associated costs related to the replacement of various School Department building elements, equipment, infrastructure and systems town-wide; and, for the purpose of meeting such appropriation, to authorize the Town Treasurer, with the approval of the Board of Selectmen, to borrow said sum in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 7(1) of the Massachusetts General Laws, or any other enabling authority and to issue bonds or notes of the Town therefor, and that any premium received by the Town upon the sale of any bonds or notes approved by this vote, less any such premium applied to the payment of the costs of the issuance of such bonds or notes, may be applied to payment of costs approved by this vote in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 20 of the Massachusetts General Laws, thereby reducing the amount to be borrowed to pay such cost by a like amount; said sum to be spent under the direction of the School Committee. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-08-2018) ARTICLE 25: Community Preservation Funds:To see if the Town will vote to appropriate or reserve from the Community Preservation annual revenues a sum or sums of money, in the amounts recommended by the Community Preservation Committee, for committee administrative expenses and other expenses in the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2018, with each item to be considered a separate appropriation. Pass any vote or take an act relative thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Motion (Appropriation Committee): We move that the Town vote to reserve from the Community Preservation annual revenues in the amounts recommended by the Community Preservation Committee for Committee sponsored projects and expenses in fiscal year 2019, with each item to be considered a separate reservation: 278 From FY 2019 estimated revenues for Active/Passive Recreation $484,700 From FY 2019 estimated revenues for Historic Resources Reserve $112,100 From FY 2019 estimated revenues for Community Housing Reserve $112,100 From FY 2019 estimated revenues for Open Space Reserve $112,100 From FY 2019 estimated revenues for Budgeted Reserve $300,000 Passed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority (05-08-2018) ARTICLE 26: Community Preservation Recommendations: To see if the Town will vote to hear and act on the report of the Community Preservation Committee on the Community Preservation budget for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2018, and to appropriate from the Community Preservation Fund a sum of money, not to exceed 5% of the estimated annual revenues for said fiscal year, to meet the administrative expenses and all other necessary and proper expenses of the Community Preservation Committee for Fiscal Year 2019; and, further, to reserve for future appropriation a sum of money from the Community Preservation Fund for open space, historic resources, and community housing purposes; and, further, to appropriate from the Community Preservation Fund, a sum or sums of money for the following Community Preservation projects or purposes, including the acquisition of interests in land, all as recommended by the Community Preservation Committee: a.) $25,000 (TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND DOLLARS) from funds reserved for Historical Preservation for the preservation of land records, dated from 1710 to 1843; said sum to be spent under the direction of Hopkinton Town Clerk and the Community Preservation Committee. b.) $4,650 (FOUR THOUSAND, SIX HUNDRED FIFTY DOLLARS) from funds reserved for Passive Recreation to complete a conservation restriction for approximately 6 acres of land located at 0 East Main Street (the East Main Street Methodist Church property), and shown as Assessors’ Map U12 23 0, with said sum to be used for surveying the land, conveying the conservation restriction, paying a nonprofit to hold, monitor and enforcement the restriction (endowment funding), and other associated costs; said sum to be spent under the direction of the Board of Selectmen and the Community Preservation Committee, provided, that a portion of said sum shall be placed in an endowment account over which the Hopkinton Area Land Trust shall have control. c.) $6,200 (SIX THOUSAND, TWO HUNDRED DOLLARS) from funds reserved for Open Space to complete a conservation restriction for approximately 5.34 acres of land located at 0 Granite Street, shown as Assessor Map U25 11 0, and 0 Hayden Rowe, 279 shown as Assessor Map R34 16 1 (the Wyckoff property and Echo Trail), with said sum to be used for surveying the land, conveying the conservation restriction, paying a nonprofit to hold, monitor and enforcement the restriction (endowment funding), and other associated costs, and that the Board of Selectmen be authorized to enter into such agreement and execute such instrument, in accordance with Chapter 44B, §12, and Chapter 184, §§31-33 of the Massachusetts General Laws; said sum to be spent under the direction of the Board of Selectmen, the Open Space Preservation Commission and the Community Preservation Committee, provided, that a portion of said sum shall be placed in an endowment account over which the Hopkinton Area Land Trust shall have control. d.) $8,655 (EIGHT THOUSAND, SIX HUNDRED FIVE DOLLARS) from funds reserved for Open Space to complete new conservation restriction, or amend the conservation restriction for the Center Trail recorded in the Middlesex South Registry of Deeds Book 41738, Page 432, to include a new conservation restriction for approximately 4.7 acres of land at 0 Claflin Place, shown as Assessors’ Map U19 2 0, and 0 Main Street, shown as Assessors’ Map U19 9 0, with said sum to be used for surveying the land, paying a nonprofit to hold, monitor and enforcement the restriction (endowment funding), and other associated costs, and that the Board of Selectmen be authorized to enter into such agreements and execute such instruments in accordance with Chapter 44B, §12, and Chapter 184, §§31-33 of the Massachusetts General Laws; said sum to be spent under the direction of the Board of Selectmen and the Community Preservation Committee, provided, that a portion of said sum shall be placed in an endowment over which the Hopkinton Area Land Trust shall have control. e.) $50,000 (FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS) from funds reserved for Passive/Active Recreation for cameras at Sandy Beach, Fruit Street Recreation Fields, and EMC Park in order to deter vandalism; said sum to be spent under the direction of Parks and Recreation Commission and the Community Preservation Committee. f.) $150,000 (ONE HUNDRED FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS) from funds reserved for Passive Recreation for the design and construction of a dog park at 0 Hayden Rowe, shown as Assessors’ Map U24 10 0 and U24 10 A, and 192 Hayden Rowe, shown as U24 9 0; said sum to be spent under the direction of the Parks and Recreation Commission and the Community Preservation Committee. Pass any vote or take an act relative thereto. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Capital Improvements Committee recommends approval. Motion (Community Preservation Committee): We move that the Town vote, pursuant to Chapter 44B of the Massachusetts General Laws, to accept the report and recommendations of the Community Preservation Committee on the Fiscal Year 2018 Community Preservation budget, and to appropriate $244,505 (TWO 280 HUNDRED FORTY-FOUR THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED FIVE DOLLARS) from Community Preservation Fund available funds for the following projects: a.) $25,000 (TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND DOLLARS) from funds reserved for Historical Preservation for the preservation of land records, dated from 1710 to 1843; said sum to be spent under the direction of Hopkinton Town Clerk and the Community Preservation Committee. b.) $4,650 (FOUR THOUSAND, SIX HUNDRED FIFTY DOLLARS) from funds reserved for Passive Recreation to complete a conservation restriction for approximately 6 acres of land located at 0 East Main Street (the East Main Street Methodist Church property), and shown as Assessors’ Map U12 23 0, with said sum to be used for surveying the land, conveying the conservation restriction, paying a nonprofit to hold, monitor and enforcement the restriction (endowment funding), and other associated costs; said sum to be spent under the direction of the Board of Selectmen and the Community Preservation Committee, provided, that a portion of said sum shall be placed in an endowment account over which the Hopkinton Area Land Trust shall have control. c.) $6,200 (SIX THOUSAND, TWO HUNDRED DOLLARS) from funds reserved for Open Space to complete a conservation restriction for approximately 5.34 acres of land located at 0 Granite Street, shown as Assessor Map U25 11 0, and 0 Hayden Rowe, shown as Assessor Map R34 16 1 (the Wyckoff property and Echo Trail), with said sum to be used for surveying the land, conveying the conservation restriction, paying a nonprofit to hold, monitor and enforcement the restriction (endowment funding), and other associated costs, and that the Board of Selectmen be authorized to enter into such agreement and execute such instrument, in accordance with Chapter 44B, §12, and Chapter 184, §§31-33 of the Massachusetts General Laws; said sum to be spent under the direction of the Board of Selectmen, the Open Space Preservation Commission and the Community Preservation Committee, provided, that a portion of said sum shall be placed in an endowment account over which the Hopkinton Area Land Trust shall have control. d.) $8,655 (EIGHT THOUSAND, SIX HUNDRED FIVE DOLLARS) from funds reserved for Open Space to complete new conservation restriction, or amend the conservation restriction for the Center Trail recorded in the Middlesex South Registry of Deeds Book 41738, Page 432, to include a new conservation restriction for approximately 4.7 acres of land at 0 Claflin Place, shown as Assessors’ Map U19 2 0, and 0 Main Street, shown as Assessors’ Map U19 9 0, with said sum to be used for surveying the land, paying a nonprofit to hold, monitor and enforcement the restriction (endowment funding), and other associated costs, and that the Board of Selectmen be authorized to enter into such agreements and execute such instruments in accordance with Chapter 44B, §12, and Chapter 184, §§31-33 of the Massachusetts General Laws; said sum to be 281 spent under the direction of the Board of Selectmen and the Community Preservation Committee, provided, that a portion of said sum shall be placed in an endowment over which the Hopkinton Area Land Trust shall have control. e.) $50,000 (FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS) from funds reserved for Passive/Active Recreation for cameras at Sandy Beach, Fruit Street Recreation Fields, and EMC Park in order to deter vandalism; said sum to be spent under the direction of Parks and Recreation Commission and the Community Preservation Committee. f.) $150,000 (ONE HUNDRED FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS) from funds reserved for Passive Recreation for the design and construction of a dog park at 0 Hayden Rowe, shown as Assessors’ Map U24 10 0 and U24 10 A, and 192 Hayden Rowe, shown as U24 9 0; said sum to be spent under the direction of the Parks and Recreation Commission and the Community Preservation Committee. Motion (Stephen Gorgol, Blackthorne Circle): I move that item “f.” be voted on separately from the other items in the motion. Motion was seconded. Passed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority (05-08-2018) Items A –E Passed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority (05-08-2018) Item F Failed By: Simple Majority, Yes: 64 –No: 184 (05-08-2018) ARTICLE 27: Community Preservation Recommendations – Land Acquisitions and Borrowing: To see if the Town will vote to hear and act on the report of the Community Preservation Committee on the Community Preservation budget for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2018, and to appropriate from the Community Preservation Fund a sum of money, not to exceed 5% of the estimated annual revenues for said fiscal year, to appropriate from the Community Preservation Fund, or borrow pursuant to Chapter 44B, Section 11, of the Massachusetts General Laws, or any other enabling authority, a sum or sums of money for the following Community Preservation projects or purposes, including the acquisition of interests in land, all as recommended by the Community Preservation Committee: a.) $143,000 (ONE HUNDRED FORTY THREE THOUSAND DOLLARS) from funds reserved for Open Space to acquire 20.86 acres of land (Colella Farm) off the westerly side of Hayden Rowe and shown on Assessors’ Map as U24 4 0, to be managed and controlled by the Open Space Preservation Commission in accordance with Chapter 19 of the Acts of 1999, or any other enabling authority, for conservation and passive recreation purposes; and that the Town Manager and the Board of Selectmen be authorized to enter into all agreements and execute any and all instruments, including permanent deed, conservation, or historic preservation restrictions, in accordance with Chapter 44B, §12, 282 and Chapter 184, §§31-33 of the Massachusetts General Laws; said sum to be spend under the direction of the Board of Selectmen, Open Space Preservation Commission, and the Community Preservation Committee. b.) $198,000 (ONE HUNDRED NINETY EIGHT THOUSAND DOLLARS) from funds reserved for Open Space, to acquire approximately 38.35 acres of land at 39 Cedar Street, shown as Assessors’ Map U11 28 0, and 0 Cedar Street, shown as Assessors’ Map U11 7 0, to be managed and controlled by the Open Space Preservation Commission in accordance with Chapter 19 of the Acts of 1999, or any other enabling authority, for conservation and passive recreation purposes; and that the Town Manager and the Board of Selectmen be authorized to enter into all agreements and execute any and all instruments, including permanent deed, conservation, or historic preservation restrictions, in accordance with Chapter 44B, §12, and Chapter 184, §§31-33 of the Massachusetts General Laws; said sum to be spend under the direction of the Board of Selectmen, Open Space Preservation Commission and the Community Preservation Committee. c.) $600,000 (SIX HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS) from funds reserved for Passive/Active Recreation for Fruit Street lighting; said sums to be spent under the direction of Parks and Recreation Commission and the Community Preservation Committee, and for the purpose of meeting such appropriation, to authorize the Town Treasurer, with the approval of the Board of Selectmen, to borrow said sum in accordance with Chapter 44B, Section 11 of the Massachusetts General Laws, or any other enabling authority; provided, however, that while such bond and notes shall be general obligations of the Town, the payment of debt service on the bonds and notes for this purpose shall be made in the first instance from CPC reserve funds, and that any premium received by the Town upon the sale of any bonds or notes approved by this vote, less any such premium applied to the payment of the costs of the issuance of such bonds or notes, may be applied to payment of costs approved by this vote in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 20 of the Massachusetts General Laws, thereby reducing the amount to be borrowed to pay such cost by a like amount. Pass any vote or take an act relative thereto. Appropriation Committee recommends approval. Capital Improvements Committee recommends approval. Motion (Community Preservation Committee): We move that the Town vote, pursuant to Chapter 44B of the Massachusetts General Laws, to accept the report and recommendations of the Community Preservation Committee on the Fiscal Year 2018 Community Preservation budget, and to appropriate $798,000 (SEVEN HUNDRED NINTEY EIGHT THOUSAND DOLLARS) from Community Preservation Fund available funds for the following projects as indicated: b.) $198,000 (ONE HUNDRED NINETY EIGHT THOUSAND DOLLARS) from funds reserved for Open Space, to acquire approximately 38.35 acres of land 283 at 39 Cedar Street, shown as Assessors’ Map U11 28 0, and 0 Cedar Street, shown as Assessors’ Map U11 7 0, to be managed and controlled by the Open Space Preservation Commission in accordance with Chapter 19 of the Acts of 1999, or any other enabling authority, for conservation and passive recreation purposes; and that the Town Manager and the Board of Selectmen be authorized to enter into all agreements and execute any and all instruments, including permanent deed, conservation, or historic preservation restrictions, in accordance with Chapter 44B, §12, and Chapter 184, §§31-33 of the Massachusetts General Laws; said sum to be spend under the direction of the Board of Selectmen, Open Space Preservation Commission and the Community Preservation Committee. c.) $600,000 (SIX HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS) from funds reserved for Passive/Active Recreation for Fruit Street lighting; said sums to be spent under the direction of Parks and Recreation Commission and the Community Preservation Committee, and for the purpose of meeting such appropriation, to authorize the Town Treasurer, with the approval of the Board of Selectmen, to borrow said sum in accordance with Chapter 44B, Section 11 of the Massachusetts General Laws, or any other enabling authority; provided, however, that while such bond and notes shall be general obligations of the Town, the payment of debt service on the bonds and notes for this purpose shall be made in the first instance from CPC reserve funds, and that any premium received by the Town upon the sale of any bonds or notes approved by this vote, less any such premium applied to the payment of the costs of the issuance of such bonds or notes, may be applied to payment of costs approved by this vote in accordance with Chapter 44, Section 20 of the Massachusetts General Laws, thereby reducing the amount to be borrowed to pay such cost by a like amount. Motion (Todd Cestari, Elizabeth Road):I move that item “c.” be discussed and voted on separately from the other items in the motion. Motion was seconded. Passed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority (05-08-2018) Item B Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-08-2018) Motion (Darlene Hayes, Third Road):To end debate on item “c.” Motion was seconded. Passed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority (05-08-2018) Item C Passed By: 2/3 Majority, Yes: 214 –No: 31 (05-08-2018) 284 ARTICLE 28: Special Permit Duration: To see if the Town will vote to amend the Zoning Bylaw as follows: 1. By amending Article XII, Water Resources Protection Overlay District, by deleting Subsection F of §210-71 thereof in its entirety and inserting, in place thereof, a new Subsection F as follows: F. Special permit time limitations. A special permit granted under this section shall lapse upon the expiration of the maximum period of time authorized by M.G.L. c.40A, §9, which shall not include such time required to pursue or await the determination of an appeal from the grant thereof, if a substantial use thereof has not sooner commenced except for good cause or, in the case of permit for construction, if construction has not sooner begun except for good cause; provided, however, that, prior to the expiration of such period, an applicant may request an extension of the term of a Special Permit from the SPGA, and the SPGA may extend such term as it deems appropriate. 2. By amending Article XXXIV, Special Permit Granting Authority, by deleting Subsection C of §210-223 thereof in its entirety and inserting, in place thereof, a new Subsection C as follows: C. A Special Permit granted under this section shall lapse upon the expiration of the maximum period of time authorized by M.G.L. c.40A, §9, which shall not include such time required to pursue or await the determination of an appeal from the grant thereof, if a substantial use thereof has not sooner commenced except for good cause or, in the case of permit for construction, if construction has not begun except for good cause; provided, however, that, prior to the expiration of such period, an applicant may request an extension of the term of a Special Permit from the SPGA, and the SPGA may extend such term as it deems appropriate. Pass any vote or take any action relative thereto. Planning Board recommends approval. Motion (Planning Board): We move that the Town vote to amend the Zoning Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton, as set forth in Article 28 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-08-2018) ARTICLE 29: Statutory Protection for Building Permits and Special Permits:To see if the Town will vote to amend Article XXIII, Amendments, of the Zoning Bylaws, by deleting the words “six months” from §210-154, Conformance of permits to subsequent amendments, and 285 inserting, in place thereof, the words “the period of time specified in M.G.L. c.40A, §6” so that §210-154 will read as follows: §210-154. Conformance of permits to subsequent amendments. Construction or operations under a building or special permit shall conform to any subsequent amendment of this chapter unless the use or construction is commenced within the period of time specified in M.G.L. c.40A §6 after the issuance of the permit and, in cases involving construction, unless such construction is continued through to completion as continuously and expeditiously as possible. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Planning Board recommends approval. Motion (Planning Board): We move that the Town vote to amend the Zoning Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton, as set forth in Article 29 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant. Passed By: Voice Vote, 2/3 Majority Declared By Moderator (05-08-2018) ARTICLE 30: Fine For Zoning Violations: To see if the Town will vote to amend Article XXIV, Administration and Enforcement, of the Zoning bylaws, by deleting §210-158, Penalty, therefrom in its entirety, and inserting, in place thereof, a new §210-158, Penalty, as follows: §210-158. Penalty. Whoever violates any provision of this chapter or any of the conditions under which a permit is issued by the Director of Municipal Inspections or any decision rendered by the Board of Appeals under the provisions of this chapter shall be liable to a fine of not more than the amount specified in M.G.L. c.40A, §7 per day for each violation; provided, however, that each day such violation continues shall constitute a separate offense. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Planning Board recommends approval. Motion (Planning Board): We move that the Town vote to amend the Zoning Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton, as set forth in Article 30 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant. Passed By: Voice Vote, 2/3 Majority Declared By Moderator (05-08-2018) 286 ARTICLE 31: Hotel Overlay District Land Area: To see if the Town will vote to amend the Zoning Map, by amending the Hotel Overlay District as follows: 1. By expanding the Hotel Overlay District to include the parcels within the Industrial A District shown on a map entitled “Proposed Hotel Overlay District - West”, dated April 4, 2018, which is on file with the Town Clerk; and 2. By expanding the Hotel Overlay District to include the area in an Industrial B District shown on a map entitled “Proposed Hotel Overlay District - East”, dated April 4, 2018, which is on file with the Town Clerk. Pass any vote or take any action relative thereto. Planning Board recommends approval. Motion (Planning Board): We move that the Town vote to amend the Zoning Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton, as set forth in Article 31 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant. Failed By: 2/3 Majority, Yes: 118 –No: 174 (05-08-2018) ARTICLE 32: Maximum Building Height –Industrial A District: To see if the Town will vote to amend Article VIII, Industrial A District, of the Zoning Bylaw, by deleting §210-32, Height of Buildings, in its entirety, and inserting, in place thereof, a new §210-32 as follows: §210-32. Limitation on principal front of buildings. The vertical distance, measured from the curb grade to the highest point of the principal front of a building or structure in the Industrial A District shall not exceed 60 feet; provided, however, that such vertical distance for a building or structure that is within 400 feet of the right of way of the portion of Hayward Street located to the west of South Street shall not exceed 40 feet. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Planning Board recommends approval. Motion (Planning Board): We move that the Town vote to amend the Zoning Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton, as set forth in Article 32 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant. Passed By: Voice Vote, 2/3 Majority Declared by Moderator (05-08-2018) 287 ARTICLE 33: Maximum Building Height – Industrial B District: To see if the Town will vote to amend Article VIIIA, Industrial B District, of the Zoning Bylaw by deleting §210-37.6, Height of Buildings, in its entirety, and inserting, in place thereof, a new §210-37.6 as follows: §210-37.6. Limitation on principal front of buildings. The vertical distance, measured from the curb grade to the highest point of the principal front of a building or structure in the Industrial B District shall not exceed 45 feet. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Planning Board recommends approval. Motion (Planning Board): We move that the Town vote to amend the Zoning Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton, as set forth in Article 33 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant. Passed By: Voice Vote, 2/3 Majority Declared By Moderator (05-08-2018) ARTICLE 34: Maximum Building Height –Hotel Overlay District Near Parkwood Drive: To see if the Town will vote to amend Article VIIIA, Industrial B District, of the Zoning Bylaw by inserting a second paragraph into §210-37.6, Height of Buildings, as follows: The Maximum Height of any building or structure that is within the Hotel Overlay District and located north of West Main Street and west of Parkwood Drive shall not exceed 60 feet. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Planning Board recommends approval. Motion (Planning Board): We move that the Town vote to amend the Zoning Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton, as set forth in Article 34 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant. Mr. Kenneth Weismantel, of Ash Street, advised that there is no Hotel Overlay District west of Parkwood Drive and so the motion, as it stands, would have no effect. Mr. Garabedian, Town Moderator, ruled that an amendment would not change the purpose of the article and that he would accept an amendment to the motion by the Planning Board to correct east to west. Motion to Amend (Planning Board):We move that the motion be amended to change the word “west” to “east” as there is no Hotel Overlay District east of Parkwood Drive. Amendment Passed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority (05-08-2018) 288 Main Motion Failed By: 2/3 Majority, Yes: 122 –No: 182 (05-08-2018) ARTICLE 35: Amendments to Conversion Bylaw: To see if the Town will vote to amend Article XVIII, Supplementary Regulations, of the Zoning Bylaws, by deleting § 210-125, Conversions of residential property, in its entirety, and inserting, in place thereof, a new §210- 125 as follows: §210-125. Conversions of residential property. The conversion of any Single-family dwelling to accommodate not more than two dwelling units may be undertaken in any zoning district except an Industrial A (IA) or Industrial B (IB) District upon the grant of a special permit by the Board of Appeals, provided however, that the exterior of the building shall not be materially altered by reason of such conversion; the dwelling unit so created shall contain a floor area of at least 600 square feet; and at least one of the dwelling units shall be owner-occupied. Two parking spaces shall be provided on the site for each dwelling unit. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Planning Board recommends approval. Motion (Planning Board): We move that the Town vote to amend the Zoning Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton, as set forth in Article 35 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant. Motion to Amend (Claire Wright, Hayden Rowe):I move that the motion be amended to insert the statement “in a manner consistent with the character of the neighborhood” at the end of the last sentence so that the language reads as follows: §210-125. Conversions of residential property. The conversion of any Single-family dwelling to accommodate not more than two dwelling units may be undertaken in any zoning district except an Industrial A (IA) or Industrial B (IB) District upon the grant of a special permit by the Board of Appeals, provided however, that the exterior of the building shall not be materially altered by reason of such conversion; the dwelling unit so created shall contain a floor area of at least 600 square feet; and at least one of the dwelling units shall be owner-occupied. Two parking spaces shall be provided on the site for each dwelling unit in a manner consistent with the character of the neighborhood. Motion was seconded. Amendment Passed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority (05-08-2018) 289 Main Motion Failed By: 2/3 Majority, Yes: 191 –No: 127 (05-08-2018) ARTICLE 36: Accessory Family Dwelling Unit: To see if the Town will vote to amend Article XVIII of the Zoning Bylaw by deleting §210-126, Accessory Family Dwelling Unit, in its entirety and inserting, in place thereof, a new §210-126 as follows: § 210-126. Accessory Family Dwelling Unit A. Purpose. The intent and the purpose of this section is to permit accessory family dwellings in any district where single family dwellings are allowed by right, subject to the standards and procedures hereinafter set forth. It is also the intent to ensure that the single-family character of neighborhoods will be maintained, and that the accessory unit will remain subordinate to the principal living quarters. B. Definitions. For the purpose of this Section, the following terms shall have the following meanings: ACCESSORY FAMILY DWELLING UNIT - A secondary dwelling unit subordinate in size to the principal single-family dwelling on a lot, and that is located either within either the principal single-family dwelling or in an accessory structure on the same lot as a single-family dwelling. MINI ACCESSORY FAMILY DWELLING UNIT –An accessory family dwelling unit that is located entirely within a single-family dwelling and that does not exceed 800 square feet of gross floor area. STANDARD ACCESSORY FAMILY DWELLING UNIT –An accessory family dwelling unit that is not a mini accessory family dwelling unit. C. Mini accessory family dwelling unit. A mini accessory family dwelling unit shall be permitted by right in any district where single family dwellings are allowed by right. D. Standard Accessory Family Dwelling Unit. A standard accessory family dwelling unit shall be permitted in any districts where single family dwellings are allowed by right upon the grant of a special permit by the Board of Appeals. The Board of Appeals may grant a special permit for a Standard Accessory Family Dwelling Unit that conforms to the requirement of this section if the following criteria are met: (1) The accessory family dwelling unit shall not exceed 1,000 square feet in gross floor area. 290 (2) Floor plans of the accessory unit and the principal single-family dwelling, and a certified site plan showing the dwelling unit on the lot and its relationship to other structures and premises within 200 feet of the lot, shall be filed with the application for a special permit. Special Permits shall be reviewed and granted in accordance with the provisions of §210-223. No building permit shall be issued in accordance with a special permit issued under this section until the special permit has been recorded in the Middlesex South Registry of Deeds by the applicant and evidence of such recording has been submitted to the Director of Municipal Inspections. E. Use limitations. An accessory family dwelling unit may not be occupied by more than three persons or have more than two bedrooms. An owner of record of the lot shall occupy either the principal dwelling unit or the accessory family dwelling unit as the owner’s primary residence. For lots owned by a corporation, partnership, trust or association, the requirements of this Section regarding the owner of record of the lot shall instead be met by an officer or director of the corporation, a partner in the partnership, a trustor, trustee or beneficiary of the trust, or a member of the association. The dwelling unit not occupied by the owner of record of the lot shall be occupied by a person related by blood, marriage or adoption to such owner, or a person who is 60 years of age or older. F. Disposal of sewage. Adequate provision shall be made for the disposal of sewage, waste and drainage generated by the occupancy of an accessory family dwelling unit in accordance with the requirements of the Board of Health. G. Ingress, egress, access. Adequate provision, as determined by the Director of Municipal Inspections, shall be made for separate ingress and egress to the outside of each unit. To the maximum extent possible, exterior passageways and access ways shall not detract from the single-family appearance of the dwelling. Except for an accessory family dwelling unit located in a detached accessory structure, an interior doorway shall be provided between the principal dwelling unit and the accessory family dwelling unit as a means of access for purposes of supervision and emergency response. All stairways to additional stories shall be enclosed within the exterior walls of the structure. An accessory family dwelling unit located in a detached accessory structure shall be located within a reasonable distance to the principal dwelling unit so as to allow for supervision and emergency response. Sufficient access shall be provided and maintained between the principal dwelling unit and the accessory family dwelling unit for purposes of supervision and emergency response. H. Parking. Provisions for off-street parking of residents and guests of both units shall be made in a manner consistent with the character of the neighborhood. I. Occupancy permit; control. No occupancy of an accessory family dwelling unit shall be permitted without an occupancy permit issued by the Director of Municipal 291 Inspections. Prior to issuance of the occupancy permit, an affidavit shall be presented to the Director of Municipal Inspections attesting to the fact that the use limitations set forth in §210-126 will be satisfied. The initial occupancy permit shall remain in force for a period expiring two years from the date of issuance or until ownership of the premises changes, whichever occurs first. Occupancy permits shall not be transferable upon change in ownership or change in occupancy. Subsequent occupancy permits may be issued by the Director of Municipal Inspections for succeeding two-year periods upon the presentation to the Director of Municipal Inspections of an affidavit attesting to the fact that the use limitations set forth in §210-126 continue to be satisfied. The owner of record is responsible for initiating each application for each subsequent occupancy permit. Pass any vote or take any action thereto. Planning Board recommends approval. Motion (Planning Board): We move that the Town vote to amend the Zoning Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton, as set forth in Article 36 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant. Motion to Amend (Steven Papkes, Cedar Street Extension):I move that subsection “I” be amended to remove the following language: “The initial occupancy permit shall remain in force for a period expiring two years from the date of issuance or until ownership of the premises changes, whichever occurs first. Occupancy permits shall not be transferable upon change in ownership or change in occupancy. Subsequent occupancy permits may be issued by the Director of Municipal Inspections for succeeding two-year periods upon the presentation to the Director of Municipal Inspections of an affidavit attesting to the fact that the use limitations set forth in §210-126 continue to be satisfied. The owner of record is responsible for initiating each application for each subsequent occupancy permit.” Motion was seconded. Amendment Failed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority (05-08-2018) Motion to Amend (Michael Umina, Chestnut Street):I move to amend item “E” to add “someone involved in the care of the owner,” in the last sentence before the phrase “…or a person who is 60 years of age or older.” So that the sentence will read as follows: “The dwelling unit not occupied by the owner of record of the lot shall be occupied by a person related by blood, marriage or adoption to such owner, 292 someone involved in the care of the owner, or a person who is 60 years of age or older.” Motion was seconded. Amendment Failed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority (05-08-2018) Motion (Brian Herr, Elizabeth Road):I move to end debate on Article 36. Motion was seconded. Passed By: Voice Vote, 2/3 Majority Declared by Moderator (05-08-2018) Main Motion Failed By: 2/3 Majority, Yes: 199 –No: 103 (05-08-2018) ARTICLE 37: Marijuana Establishments: To see if the Town will vote to amend the Zoning Bylaws as follows: 1. By repealing Article XXXIIIA, Temporary Moratorium on Marijuana Establishments, in its entirety; and 2. By inserting a new Article XXXIIIA, Marijuana Establishments, as follows: Consistent with M.G.L. c.94G, §3(a)(2), all types of marijuana establishments, as defined in M.G.L. c.94G, §1, including, without limitation, marijuana cultivators, marijuana testing facilities, marijuana product manufacturers, marijuana retailers, and any other type of marijuana-related businesses subject to regulation under M.G.L. c.94G, shall be prohibited in the Town of Hopkinton; provided, however, that a Registered Marijuana Dispensary shall not be deemed to be a Marijuana Establishment. Pass any vote or take any action thereto. Planning Board has no recommendation. Motion (Planning Board): We move that the Town vote to amend the Zoning Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton, as set forth in Article 37 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant. Motion to Amend (Mary Jo Ondrechen, College Street):I move that the phrase “including, without limitation, marijuana cultivators, marijuana testing facilities, marijuana product manufacturers, marijuana retailers, and any other type of marijuana-related businesses subject to regulation under M.G.L. c.94G,” be removed and “…Dispensary shall not be deemed to be a Marijuana 293 Establishment” be removed and replaced with the phrase “Dispensaries, and Marijuana Testing Laboratories and Marijuana Research Facilities, including those that develop detection systems for cannabinol compounds, both as defined in M.G.L. c.94G, shall not be deemed to be Marijuana Establishments” so that the new language reads as follows: 1. By repealing Article XXXIIIA, Temporary Moratorium on Marijuana Establishments, in its entirety; and 2. By inserting a new Article XXXIIIA, Marijuana Establishments, as follows: Consistent with M.G.L. c.94G, §3(a)(2), all types of marijuana establishments, as defined in M.G.L. c.94G, §1, shall be prohibited in the Town of Hopkinton; provided, however, that Registered Marijuana Dispensaries, and Marijuana Testing Laboratories and Marijuana Research Facilities, including those that develop detection systems for cannabinol compounds, both as defined in M.G.L. c.94G, shall not be deemed to be Marijuana Establishments. Motion (Lesley Ficarri, Greenwood Road):I move that we end debate on this amendment. Motion was seconded. Motion Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-08-2018) Amendment Passed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority (05-08-2018) Main Motion Passed By: 2/3 Majority, Yes: 281 –No: 51 (05-08-2018) Motion (Francis D’Urso, Saddle Hill Road):I move that we end debate on Article 40 no later than 11:45 PM on Tuesday, May 8th, 2018. Motion was seconded. Motion Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (05-08-2018) ARTICLE 40: Marijuana Prohibition: To see if the Town will vote to amend Chapter 58, Alcoholic Beverages, Marijuana or Tetrahydrocannabinol and Tobacco, of the General Bylaws by adding a new Section 58-5, Marijuana Not Medically Prescribed, as follows: §58-5 Marijuana Not Medically Prescribed Consistent with M.G.L.c.94G, §3(a)(2), all types of “marijuana establishments,” as defined in M.G.L.c.94G, §1(j) and as may otherwise be defined by Massachusetts law or 294 regulation, to include, without limitation, marijuana cultivators, craft marijuana cooperatives, marijuana product manufacturers, marijuana retailers, independent testing laboratories, marijuana research facilities, marijuana transporters, and any other type of licensed marijuana-related businesses by whatever name used, shall be prohibited within the Town of Hopkinton; provided, however, that this prohibition shall not be construed to affect the medical use of marijuana as expressly authorized by the provisions of Chapter 369 of the Acts of 2012 and 105 CMR 725.000, as it may be amended from time to time. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Motion (Hopkinton Youth and Family Services): We move that the Town vote to amend the General Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton, as set forth in Article 40 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant. Motion to Amend (Mary Jo Ondrechen, College Street):I move that the phrase “to include, without limitation, marijuana cultivators, craft marijuana cooperatives, marijuana product manufacturers, marijuana retailers, independent testing laboratories, marijuana research facilities, marijuana transporters, and any other type of licensed marijuana-related businesses by whatever name used,” be removed, that the phrase “this prohibition shall not be construed to affect the medical use of marijuana as” be removed and replaced with the phrase “Registered Marijuana Dispensaries, as” and that the phrase “, and Marijuana Testing Laboratories and Marijuana Research Facilities, including those that develop detection systems for cannabinol compounds, both as defined in M.G.L. c.94G, §1(j), shall not be deemed to be marijuana establishments for purposes of this provision” be added at the end of the last sentence so that the new language reads as follows: §58-5 Marijuana Not Medically Prescribed Consistent with M.G.L. c.94G, §3(a)(2), all types of “marijuana establishments,” as defined in M.G.L. c.94G, §1(j) and as may otherwise be defined by Massachusetts law or regulation, shall be prohibited within the Town of Hopkinton; provided, however, that Registered Marijuana Dispensaries, as expressly authorized by the provisions of Chapter 369 of the Acts of 2012 and 105 CMR 725.000, as it may be amended from time to time, and Marijuana Testing Laboratories and Marijuana Research Facilities, including those that develop detection systems for cannabinol compounds, both as defined in M.G.L. c.94G, §1(j), shall not be deemed to be marijuana establishments for purposes of this provision. Motion (Brian Herr, Elizabeth Road):I move to end debate on the amendment. Motion was seconded. Motion Passed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority (05-08-2018) 295 Amendment Passed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority (05-08-2018) Motion (Brian Herr, Elizabeth Road):I move to end debate on the Article 40. Motion was seconded. Motion Passed By: Voice Vote, 2/3 Majority Declared by Moderator (05-08-2018) Main Motion Passed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority (05-08-2018) 11:34 P.M. Annual Town Meeting was adjourned to reconvene at 7:00 PM, Tuesday, May 9th, 2018 at the Middle School Auditorium. Passed By: Voice Vote Unanimous (5-8-2018) 7:24 P.M. Annual Town Meeting reconvened on Tuesday, May 9th, 2018 at the Middle School Auditorium. A quorum was present. ARTICLE 38: Lighting: To see if the Town will vote to amend the Zoning Bylaws by inserting a new §210-126.5 as follows: § 210-126.5. Non-Residential Lighting A. Requirements. Indoor lighting of non-residential uses shall not introduce significant glare, light trespass, and skyglow through windows or building openings at nighttime. Interior spaces of buildings shall not be continuously illuminated during hours of darkness unless there are specific considerations that require continuous illumination when a business or other non-residential use is closed. Interior lighting may not be used solely for interior architectural or advertising purposes. B. Exemptions. The following shall be exempted from the provisions of this Section: (1) Holiday lighting; and (2) Lighting used for security purposes. C. Lighting that does not conform to the provisions of this section may be allowed by special permit from the Planning Board upon a finding that there are demonstrable community, health, safety or welfare benefits that will be served by the lighting. No special permit may be granted pursuant to this section unless the Planning Board determines that the proposed lighting is appropriate for the size and use of the property, any buildings thereon, and the neighborhood setting. Pass any vote or take any action thereto. 296 Planning Board recommends approval. Motion (Planning Board): We move that the Town vote to amend the Zoning Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton, as set forth in Article 38 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant. Failed By: 2/3 Majority, Yes: 73 – No: 52 (5-9-2018) ARTICLE 39: Nuisance and Dangerous Dog: To see if the Town will vote to amend the General Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton, as follows: 1. By deleting from Section 1-4, Penalties Enumerated, the row entitled “Nuisance by reason of barking dogs” in its entirety and inserting, in place thereof, the following: Citation to Law, Bylaw, Rule or Regulation, if Applicable Subject of Bylaw and Enforcing Person Penalty Nuisance and Dangerous Dog (Ch. 62, Art. VIII) Nuisance and Dangerous Dog Animal Control Officer, Board of Selectmen, and Police Department First violation: $25, for each offense, each day being a separate offense; Second violation: $50, for each offense, each day being a separate offense; and Third violation or subsequent violation: $75, for each offense, each day being a separate offense. and 2. By deleting Chapter 62, Article VIII, Barking Dogs, and inserting, in place thereof, the following: Article VIII Nuisance and Dangerous Dog §62-14. Administration The Animal Control Officer shall be responsible for enforcement of this Article; provided, however, that, for purposes of this Article and M.G.L.c.140, §157, the Board of Selectmen shall be the Hearing Authority. § 62-15. Nuisance or Dangerous Dog. 297 No person shall keep in this Town any dog that is a nuisance or a dangerous dog, as those terms are defined and used in M.G.L.c.140, §§136A and 157. § 62-16. Complaints; investigations. A. If any person shall make complaint, in writing, to the Board of Selectmen that any dog owned or harbored within the Town is a nuisance dog or a dangerous dog. Complaints shall be investigated and addressed in accordance with M.G.L. c.140, §157. B. Prior to any nuisance or dangerous dog hearing held pursuant to Section 62-16.A, the Animal Control Officer may issue a Temporary Restraint Order or a Temporary Confinement Order. 1. Issuance of Temporary Restraint Orders. The Animal Control Officer may issue a Temporary Restraint Order to the owner or keeper of any dog that is alleged to be a nuisance dog or a dangerous dog and is awaiting a decision under Section 62-16.A. A Temporary Restraint Order shall be in force for no more than thirty (30) days unless the Animal Control Officer renews it in writing for subsequent thirty (30) day periods. The Animal Control Officer may rescind or decline to renew the Order upon a determination that restraint is no longer required. The Animal Control Officer’s order shall expire upon receipt of a decision from the Board of Selectmen on the nuisance dog or dangerous dog hearing. 2. Issuance of Temporary Confinement Order. The Animal Control Officer may make arrangements for the temporary housing of any dog that requires such temporary housing, and may issue an Order of Temporary Confinement authorizing such temporary housing. The housing may be at a local veterinary clinic or at a dog kennel within the Town or neighboring towns, and shall be at the dog owner’s or keeper’s expense § 62-17. Violations and penalties. A. Any person who fails to comply with any order of the Animal Control Officer or the Board of Selectmen pursuant to this Article shall be deemed a violation of this Article. B. In addition to any other remedy provided by law, this Article may be enforced by the Animal Control Officer, or any police officer of the Town, or the Board of Selectmen, through any means available in law or equity, including but not limited to criminal indictment in accordance with M.G.L. c.40, §21, non-criminal disposition in accordance with Article II and M.G.L. c.40, §21D, and, in instances of a violation of 298 a nuisance dog or dangerous dog order issued pursuant to M.G.L. c.240, §157, in accordance with M.G.L. c.140, §157A. 1. When enforced in accordance with M.G.L. c.40, §21, the maximum penalty shall be $300 and each day a violation exists shall constitute a separate violation. 2. When enforced through non-criminal disposition, the penalties shall be as follows: First violation: $25, for each offense, each day being a separate offense; Second violation: $50, for each offense, each day being a separate offense; and Third violation or subsequent violation: $75, for each offense, each day being a separate offense. 3. When enforced in accordance with M.G.L.c.140, §157A, an owner or keeper of a dog who fails to comply with an order of the Selectmen or district court shall be punished, for a first offense of not more than $500 or imprisonment for not more than 60 days in a jail or house of correction, or both, and for a second or subsequent offense, by a fine of not more than $1,000 or imprisonment for not more than 90 days in a jail or house of correction. Pass any vote or take any action thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Motion (Board of Selectmen): We move that the Town vote to amend the General Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton, as set forth in Article 39 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant, provided that Section 62-16A, shall be amended to read as follows, with the bolded language added and the strike through language removed from the Bylaw as appearing in the Town Meeting Warrant: If any person shall make a complaint, in writing, to the Board of Selectmen that any dog owned or harbored within the Town is a nuisance dog or a dangerous dog, such complaints shall be investigated and addressed in accordance with M.G.L. c.140, §157. Motion (Kenneth Weismantel, Ash Street):I move to end debate on the Article 39. Motion was seconded. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (5-9-2018) 299 Main Motion Passed By: Simple Majority, Yes: 82 –No: 49 (5-9-2018) ARTICLE 41: Tobacco Bylaw: To see if the Town will vote to amend the General Bylaws as follows: 1.By deleting the words “Sales of tobacco to minors and tobacco smoke in public places” from Section 1-4, Penalties Enumerated, and inserting, in place thereof, the following: Sales of tobacco and products containing tobacco and nicotine and use of tobacco and products containing tobacco and nicotine in a public place 2. By deleting from Section 1-4, Penalties Enumerated, the row entitled “Alcoholic Beverages, Marijuana or Tetrahydrocannabinol Bylaw (Ch. 58)” in its entirety and inserting, in place thereof, the following: Citation to Law, Bylaw, Rule or Regulation, if Applicable Subject of Bylaw and Enforcing Person Penalty Alcoholic Beverages, Marijuana or Tetrahydrocannabinol Bylaw (Ch. 58) Alcoholic Beverages, Marijuana or Tetrahydrocannabinol and Tobacco For individuals 18 years of age or older, the penalty shall be as follows: First violation: $100 Second violation: $200 Third and subsequent Violations: $300 Police Department Tobacco/Nicotine Containing Products: For individuals under the age of 18 years, confiscation of prohibited products, notification to parent(s) or legal guardian(s) of violation, distribution of educational and cessation program materials; no monitory penalty. 3. By deleting Section 58-4, Possession and use of tobacco by minors, in its entirety, and inserting, in place thereof, the following: Section 58-4 Use and Sale of Tobacco and Products Containing Tobacco or Nicotine. A. Use of Tobacco and Products Containing Tobacco or Nicotine 300 1. The Board of Health shall issue regulations prohibiting the consumption and use of tobacco and products containing tobacco or nicotine in a public outdoor place by a person under the age of 21. 2. All tobacco and products containing tobacco or nicotine used in violation of the Board of Health’s regulations by a person under the age of 18, shall be confiscated and the parent(s) or legal guardian(s) of the person shall be notified of such violation and provided with (1) educational materials on the health issues related to tobacco and nicotine and (2) information on cessation programs. No individual under the age of 18 years shall be subject to a monetary penalty. 3. Individuals 18 years of age and over who use tobacco and products containing tobacco or nicotine in violation of the Board of Health’s regulations may be penalized by non-criminal disposition as provided by §1-4 and M.G.L.c.40, §21D. B. Sale of Tobacco and Products Containing Tobacco or Nicotine 1. The Board of Health shall issue regulations governing the sale of tobacco and products containing tobacco or nicotine to individuals under the age of 21. 2. Individuals who sell tobacco and products containing tobacco or nicotine in violations of the Board of Health’s regulations may be penalized by non- criminal disposition as provided by §1-4 and M.G.L.c.40, §21D. C. Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the authority of the Board of Health to adopt reasonable regulations relating to tobacco or products containing tobacco or nicotine pursuant to M.G.L. c.111, §31. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Motion (Board of Selectmen):We move that the Town vote to amend the General Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton, as set forth in Article 41 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant. Motion to Amend (Matthew Wronka, Blackthorne Circle):I move that we amend the motion so that the new language reads as follows: 1.By deleting the words “Sales of tobacco to minors and tobacco smoke in public places” from Section 1-4, Penalties Enumerated, and inserting, in place thereof, the following: 301 Sales of tobacco, and products containing tobacco or nicotine; use of tobacco, and products containing tobacco or nicotine, in a public place 2. By deleting from Section 1-4, Penalties Enumerated, the row entitled “Alcoholic Beverages, Marijuana or Tetrahydrocannabinol Bylaw (Ch. 58)” in its entirety and inserting, in place thereof, the following: Citation to Law, Bylaw, Rule or Regulation, if Applicable Subject of Bylaw and Enforcing Person Penalty Alcoholic Beverages, Marijuana or Tetrahydrocannabinol Bylaw (Ch. 58) Alcoholic Beverages, Marijuana or Tetrahydrocannabinol and Tobacco For individuals 18 years of age or older, the penalty shall be as follows: First violation: $100 Second violation: $200 Third and subsequent Violations: $300 Police Department Tobacco/Nicotine Containing Products: For individuals under the age of 18 years, confiscation of prohibited products, notification to parent(s) or legal guardian(s) of violation, distribution of educational and cessation program materials; no monetary penalty. 3. By deleting Section 58-4, Possession and use of tobacco by minors, in its entirety, and inserting, in place thereof, the following: Section 58-4 Use and Sale of Tobacco and Products Containing Tobacco or Nicotine. A. Use of Tobacco and Products Containing Tobacco or Nicotine 1. The Board of Health shall issue regulations prohibiting the consumption and use of tobacco and products containing tobacco or nicotine in a public outdoor place by a person under the age of 21. 2. All tobacco and products containing tobacco or nicotine used in violation of the Board of Health’s regulations by a person under the age of 18, shall be confiscated and the parent(s) or legal guardian(s) of the person shall be notified of such violation and provided with (1) educational materials on the health issues related to tobacco and nicotine and (2) information on 302 cessation programs. No individual under the age of 18 years shall be subject to a monetary penalty. 3. Individuals 18 years of age and over who use tobacco and products containing tobacco or nicotine in violation of the Board of Health’s regulations may be penalized by non-criminal disposition as provided by §1-4 and M.G.L.c.40, §21D. B. Sale of Tobacco and Products Containing Tobacco or Nicotine 1. The Board of Health shall issue regulations governing the sale of tobacco and products containing tobacco or nicotine to individuals under the age of 21. 2. Individuals who sell tobacco and products containing tobacco or nicotine in violations of the Board of Health’s regulations may be penalized by non- criminal disposition as provided by §1-4 and M.G.L.c.40, §21D. C. Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the authority of the Board of Health to adopt reasonable regulations relating to tobacco or to products containing tobacco or nicotine pursuant to M.G.L. c.111, §31. Amendment Passed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority (5-9-2018) Motion (Brendan Tedstone, Pleasant Street): I move that we end debate on Article 41. Motion was seconded Motion Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (5-9-2018) Main Motion Passed By: Simple Majority, Yes: 105 –No: 36 (5-9-2018) ARTICLE 42: Correction of Obsolete Charter References:To see if the Town will vote to amend the General Bylaws as follows: 1. By deleting §24-5, Removal of Officers and Employee, of the General Bylaws, in its entirety; and 2.By deleting the words “each Town Agency, as defined by Section 1-9 of the Town Charter,” from the first sentence of §33-1, Applicability, of the General Bylaws, and inserting, in place thereof, the words “all boards, committees, departments, divisions and offices”, so that the first sentence of §33-1 will read as follows: This Chapter shall apply to all boards, committees, departments, divisions and 303 offices of the Town of Hopkinton ("the Town") and to all employees in the service of the Town, including full-time, part-time, temporary, seasonal, special, intermittent, or other employees, but excluding: 1) employees of the School Department; 2) employees holding positions filled by popular election; and 3) employees covered by collective bargaining agreements with the Town; provided, however, that the provisions of this chapter shall be applicable to such employees insofar as the relevant collective bargaining agreement so provides. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Motion (Town Clerk): We move that the Town vote to amend the General Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton, as set forth in Article 42 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (5-9-2018) ARTICLE 43: Historic Preservation Bylaw: To see if the Town will vote to amend the General Bylaws as follows: 1. By inserting in Section 1-4, Penalties enumerated, after the row entitled “Cemetery Regulations Bylaw (Ch. 83),” the following: Citation to Law, Bylaw, Rule or Regulation, if Applicable Subject of Bylaw and Enforcing Person Penalty Historic Preservation (Ch. 125) Demolition Delay The Director of Municipal Inspections and the Hopkinton Historical Commission First violation and subsequent violation: $300, each day or portion thereof during which a violation continues, or unauthorized demolition occurs, shall be considered a separate offense; provided, however, that at no point shall the fines imposed, which are attributable to the same demolition permit, be greater than the assessed value of the property. 2. By striking from Section 125-2, Definitions, the definition of “Demolition Permit” in its entirety and inserting, in place thereof, the following: DEMOLITION PERMIT -- Any permit, including, without limitation, a demolition, alteration or building permit issued by the Director of Municipal Inspections, as required by the State Building Code, that authorizes the demolition of a structure or component thereof, with or without the intent to replace the structure or component so affected; but excluding, however, the demolition of only 304 the nonstructural portions of the exterior or all interior components, or both. 3. By deleting Paragraph C of Section 125-5, in its entirety, and inserting, in place thereof, the following: Any person who demolishes a building or other structure subject to this Article, or any component of such building or structure, without first obtaining and complying fully with the provisions of a demolition permit, may be penalized by noncriminal disposition as provided by M.G.L. c.40, §21D and Chapter 1, Section 1-4 of the Town’s General Bylaw. The non-criminal disposition penalty shall be $300, each day or portion thereof during which a violation continues, or unauthorized demolition occurs, shall be considered a separate offense; provided, however, that at no point shall the fines imposed, which are attributable to the same demolition permit, be greater than the assessed value of the property. and 4. By deleting Paragraph D of Section 125-5, in its entirety and relettering Paragraph E thereof as Paragraph D. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Motion (Historical Commission): We move that the Town vote to amend the general Bylaws of the Town of Hopkinton, as set forth in Article 43 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (5-9-2018) ARTICLE 44: Street Acceptances: To hear the report of the Board of Selectmen relative to the laying out and the widening and relocation of the following named streets under the provisions of Chapter 82 of the Massachusetts General Laws, and to see if the Town will vote to accept such streets as and for public ways and to authorize the Board of Selectmen to acquire by gift, purchase or eminent domain any land or interest in land necessary for such laying out, and act on all manners relating thereto: Legacy Farms South from East Main Street to Clinton Street. Cobblers Way from Front Street to Dead End. Singletary Way from Wedgewood Drive to Dead End. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Capital Improvements Committee recommends approval. Planning Board recommends approval. 305 Motion (Board of Selectmen): We move that the Town vote to accept the report of the Board of Selectmen relative to the laying out and the widening and relocating of the named streets listed in Article 44 of the Annual Town Meeting Warrant and, pursuant to Chapter 82 of the Massachusetts General Laws, to accept such streets as and for public ways and to authorize the Board of Selectmen to acquire by gift, purchase or eminent domain any land or interest in land necessary for the laying out of such streets as public ways. Passed By: Voice Vote, 2/3 Majority Declared By Moderator (5-9-2018) ARTICLE 45: Easement –2 Clinton Street: To see if the Town will authorize the Board of Selectmen to acquire by gift, purchase, eminent domain or otherwise, an easement located at 2 Clinton Street and as shown on Assessors’ Map as U18 14 0, said land to be used for general municipal purposes, including stormwater management and sidewalk purposes. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Capital Improvements Committee recommends approval. Motion (Board of Selectmen): We move that the Town vote to authorize the Board of Selectmen to acquire, by gift, purchase, eminent domain or otherwise, an easement located at 2 Clinton Street and as shown on Assessors’ Map as U18 14 0, said easement to be used for general municipal purposes, including stormwater management and sidewalk purposes. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (5-9-2018) ARTICLE 46: Utility Easement – Hayden Rowe: To see if the Town will vote to authorize the Board of Selectmen to transfer the care, custody, control and management of 0 Hayden Rowe, as shown on Assessor’s Map as Lot U23 28 0, from the Board of Selectmen for public purposes, to the Board of Selectmen for public purposes and the purpose of conveyance, and to authorize the Board of Selectmen, pursuant to M.G.L. c.40, §3, to convey a utility easement in a portion of such land to Verizon New England and NSTAR Electric Company, as more specifically described in the proposed Hayden Rowe Deed, which is on file with the Town Clerk, upon such terms and conditions as the Board of Selectmen deem to be in the best interest of the Town. Pass any vote or take any action relative thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Capital Improvements Committee recommends approval. Motion (Board of Selectmen): We move that the Town vote to authorize the Board of Selectmen to transfer the care, custody, control and management of 0 Hayden 306 Rowe, as shown on Assessor’s Map as Lot U23 28 0, from the Board of Selectmen for public purposes, to the Board of Selectmen for public purposes and the purpose of conveyance, and to authorize the Board of Selectmen, pursuant to M.G.L. c.40, §3, to convey a utility easement in a portion of such land to Verizon New England and NSTAR Electric Company, as more specifically described in the proposed Hayden Rowe Deed, which is on file with the Town Clerk, upon such terms and conditions as the Board of Selectmen deem to be in the best interest of the Town. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (5-9-2018) ARTICLE 48: PILOT Agreement –Clean Energy Collective: To see if the Town will vote in accordance with Chapter 59, Section 38H of the Massachusetts General Laws, to approve a Payment in Lieu of Taxes (PILOT) Agreement, as negotiated by the Board of Selectmen, as authorized by the vote taken under Article 4 of the 2017 January 30, 2017 Special Town Meeting, with Clean Energy Collective, for a period of twenty-five (25) years, whereby Clean Energy Collective will pay the Town a sum of monies per year relative to a portion of land located at 147 Lumber Street, shown as Assessors’ Map R29 15 0, and which is related to the proposed construction and operation of a Large-Scale Ground Mounted Solar Photovoltaic Installation with an expected nameplate capacity of approximately 2 megawatts, said PILOT Agreement being on file in the Town Clerk’s Office, and further to allow the Board of Selectmen or the Town Manager to negotiate any amendments necessary to said PILOT Agreement to reflect any changes in the size of the parcel of land or size of the system so long as the payments reflected in the PILOT Agreement rise or lower commensurately. Pass any vote or take any act relative thereto. Board of Selectmen recommends approval. Motion (Board of Selectmen): We move that the Town vote in accordance with Chapter 59, Section 38H of the Massachusetts General Laws, to approve a Payment in Lieu of Taxes (PILOT) Agreement, as negotiated by the Board of Selectmen, as authorized by the vote taken under Article 4 of the 2017 January 30, 2017 Special Town Meeting, with Clean Energy Collective, for a period of twenty-five (25) years, whereby Clean Energy Collective will pay the Town a sum of monies per year relative to a portion of land located at 147 Lumber Street, shown as Assessors’ Map R29 15 0, and which is related to the proposed construction and operation of a Large-Scale Ground Mounted Solar Photovoltaic Installation with an expected nameplate capacity of approximately 2 megawatts, said PILOT Agreement being on file in the Town Clerk’s Office, and further to allow the Board of Selectmen or the Town Manager to negotiate any amendments necessary to said PILOT Agreement to reflect any changes in the size of the parcel of land or size of the system so long as the payments reflected in the PILOT Agreement rise or lower commensurately. Passed By: Voice Vote, Simple Majority (5-9-2018) 307 Final Motion (Board of Selectmen):We move that the Annual Town Meeting adjourn until the date of the Annual Town Election, May 21, 2018, held at the Hopkinton Middle School Gymnasium, and further that the Annual Town Meeting shall be dissolved upon the close of the polls on the date of the Annual Town Election. Passed By: Voice Vote, Unanimous (5-9-2018) 308 TOTAL OF ALL PRECINCTS Ballots { 1513 } OFFICE NAME SELECTMEN (2)TOTAL P1 TOTAL P2 TOTAL P3 TOTAL P4 TOTAL BALLOT For Three Years Blanks 124 155 139 114 532 BRIAN J. HERR 255 250 201 170 876 PATRICK ATWELL 179 174 130 119 602 IRFAN NASRULLAH 290 268 241 207 1006 Write In 4 3 1 2 10 852 850 712 612 3026 BOARD OF ASSESSORS (1) TOTAL P1 TOTAL P2 TOTAL P3 TOTAL P4 TOTAL BALLOT For Three Years Blanks 97 98 90 69 354 LESLEY A. FICARRI 328 326 266 237 1157 Write In 1 1 0 0 2 426 425 356 306 1513 BOARD OF HEALTH (1)TOTAL P1 TOTAL P2 TOTAL P3 TOTAL P4 TOTAL BALLOT For Three Years Blanks 33 36 39 36 144 MICHAEL JAMES KING 243 276 225 199 943 RICHARD P. JACOBS 150 113 92 71 426 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 426 425 356 306 1513 BOARD OF LIBRARY TRUSTEES (1) TOTAL P1 TOTAL P2 TOTAL P3 TOTAL P4 TOTAL BALLOT For Three Years Blanks 56 62 53 46 217 NANETTE A. KENRICK 136 127 99 99 461 STANLEY D. PULNIK 234 236 204 161 835 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 426 425 356 306 1513 CEMETERY COMMISSIONER (1) TOTAL P1 TOTAL P2 TOTAL P3 TOTAL P4 TOTAL BALLOT For Three Years Blanks 85 89 74 49 297 THOMAS F. PRATT 340 335 282 256 1213 Write In 1 1 0 1 3 426 425 356 306 1513 309 COMMISSIONERS OF TRUST FUNDS (1) TOTAL P1 TOTAL P2 TOTAL P3 TOTAL P4 TOTAL BALLOT For Three Years Blanks 110 111 98 72 391 JANINE SUSAN LEBLANC 315 313 258 234 1120 Write In 1 1 0 0 2 426 425 356 306 1513 CONSTABLE (1)TOTAL P1 TOTAL P2 TOTAL P3 TOTAL P4 TOTAL BALLOT For Three Years Blanks 133 141 109 79 462 FRANCIS J. D'URSO 292 281 242 227 1042 Write In 1 3 5 0 9 426 425 356 306 1513 COMMISSIONERS OF PARKS AND RECREATION (2) TOTAL P1 TOTAL P2 TOTAL P3 TOTAL P4 TOTAL BALLOT For Three Years Blanks 246 279 223 185 933 ROBERT T. DOBINSKI 308 280 243 218 1049 DANIEL F. TERRY 291 288 238 205 1022 Write In 7 3 8 4 22 852 850 712 612 3026 PLANNING BOARD (2)TOTAL P1 TOTAL P2 TOTAL P3 TOTAL P4 TOTAL BALLOT For Five Years Blanks 129 149 129 93 500 DEBORAH S. FEIN-BRUG 277 249 213 200 939 MARK J. HYMAN 187 202 158 123 670 MARY E. LARSON- MARLOWE 258 248 208 195 909 Write In 1 2 4 1 8 852 850 712 612 3026 SCHOOL COMMITTEE (2)TOTAL P1 TOTAL P2 TOTAL P3 TOTAL P4 TOTAL BALLOT For Three Years Blanks 132 170 143 137 582 KRISTIN A. DYKSTRA 190 177 129 117 613 AMANDA F. FARGIANO 274 260 217 174 925 MARGARET B. TYLER 255 242 223 184 904 Write In 1 1 0 0 2 852 850 712 612 3026 310 Witness my hand and seal of said Town of Hopkinton this 25th day of June, 2018. A True Copy ATTEST: ____________________________________ Connor B. Degan, Town Clerk 311 312 COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS WILLIAM FRANCIS GALVIN SECRETARY OF THE COMMONWEALTH MIDDLESEX SS. To the Constables of the Town of Hopkinton GREETINGS: In the name of the Commonwealth, you are hereby required to notify and warn the inhabitants of said Town of Hopkinton who are qualified to vote in the State Election to vote at PRECINCTS 1, 2, 3, & 4 MIDDLE SCHOOL GYMNASIUM, 88 HAYDEN ROWE, HOPKINTON on TUESDAY, THE SIXTH DAY OF NOVEMBER, 2018, from 6:30 A.M. to 8:00 P.M. for the following purpose: To cast their votes in the State Election for the candidates for the following offices and questions: SENATOR IN CONGRESS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FOR THIS COMMONWEALTH GOVERNOR and LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .FOR THIS COMMONWEALTH ATTORNEY GENERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FOR THIS COMMONWEALTH SECRETARY OF STATE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FOR THIS COMMONWEALTH TREASURER AND RECEIVER GENERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FOR THIS COMMONWEALTH AUDITOR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FOR THIS COMMONWEALTH REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FOURTH DISTRICT COUNCILLOR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .SECOND DISTRICT SENATOR IN GENERAL COURT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SECOND MIDDLESEX & NORFOLK DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE IN GENERAL COURT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EIGTH MIDDLESEX DISTRICT DISTRICT ATTORNEY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NORTHERN DISTRICT CLERK OF COURTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MIDDLESEX COUNTY REGISTER OF DEEDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MIDDLESEX SOUTHERN DISTRICT QUESTION 1: LAW PROPOSED BY INITIATIVE PETITION Do you approve of a law summarized below, on which no vote was taken by the Senate or the House of Representatives on or before May 2, 2018? SUMMARY This proposed law would limit how many patients could be assigned to each registered nurse in Massachusetts hospitals and certain other health care facilities. The maximum number of patients per registered nurse would vary by type of unit and level of care, as follows: x In units with step-down/intermediate care patients: 3 patients per nurse; x In units with post-anesthesia care or operating room patients: 1 patient under anesthesia per nurse; 2 patients post- anesthesia per nurse; x In the emergency services department: 1 critical or intensive care patient per nurse (or 2 if the nurse has assessed each patient’s condition as stable); 2 urgent non-stable patients per nurse; 3 urgent stable patients per nurse; or 5 non-urgent stable patients per nurse; 313 x In units with maternity patients: (a) active labor patients: 1 patient per nurse; (b) during birth and for up to two hours immediately postpartum: 1 mother per nurse and 1 baby per nurse; (c) when the condition of the mother and baby are determined to be stable: 1 mother and her baby or babies per nurse; (d) postpartum: 6 patients per nurse; (e) intermediate care or continuing care babies: 2 babies per nurse; (f) well-babies: 6 babies per nurse; x In units with pediatric, medical, surgical, telemetry, or observational/outpatient treatment patients, or any other unit: 4 patients per nurse; and x In units with psychiatric or rehabilitation patients: 5 patients per nurse. The proposed law would require a covered facility to comply with the patient assignment limits without reducing its level of nursing, service, maintenance, clerical, professional, and other staff. The proposed law would also require every covered facility to develop a written patient acuity tool for each unit to evaluate the condition of each patient. This tool would be used by nurses in deciding whether patient limits should be lower than the limits of the proposed law at any given time. The proposed law would not override any contract in effect on January 1, 2019 that set higher patient limits. The proposed law’s limits would take effect after any such contract expired. The state Health Policy Commission would be required to promulgate regulations to implement the proposed law. The Commission could conduct inspections to ensure compliance with the law. Any facility receiving written notice from the Commission of a complaint or a violation would be required to submit a written compliance plan to the Commission. The Commission could report violations to the state Attorney General, who could file suit to obtain a civil penalty of up to $25,000 per violation as well as up to $25,000 for each day a violation continued after the Commission notified the covered facility of the violation. The Health Policy Commission would be required to establish a toll-free telephone number for complaints and a website where complaints, compliance plans, and violations would appear. The proposed law would prohibit discipline or retaliation against any employee for complying with the patient assignment limits of the law. The proposed law would require every covered facility to post within each unit, patient room, and waiting area a notice explaining the patient limits and how to report violations. Each day of a facility’s non-compliance with the posting requirement would be punishable by a civil penalty between $250 and $2,500. The proposed law’s requirements would be suspended during a state or nationally declared public health emergency. The proposed law states that, if any of its parts were declared invalid, the other parts would stay in effect. The proposed law would take effect on January 1, 2019. A YES VOTE would limit the number of patients that could be assigned to one registered nurse in hospitals and certain other health care facilities. A NO VOTE would make no change in current laws relative to patient-to-nurse limits. QUESTION 2: LAW PROPOSED BY INITIATIVE PETITION Do you approve of a law summarized below, on which no vote was taken by the Senate or the House of Representatives on or before May 2, 2018? SUMMARY This proposed law would create a citizens commission to consider and recommend potential amendments to the United States Constitution to establish that corporations do not have the same Constitutional rights as human beings and that campaign contributions and expenditures may be regulated. 314 Any resident of Massachusetts who is a United States citizen would be able to apply for appointment to the 15-member commission, and members would serve without compensation. The Governor, the Secretary of the Commonwealth, the state Attorney General, the Speaker of the state House of Representatives, and the President of the state Senate would each appoint three members of the commission and, in making these appointments, would seek to ensure that the commission reflects a range of geographic, political, and demographic backgrounds. The commission would be required to research and take testimony, and then issue a report regarding (1) the impact of political spending in Massachusetts; (2) any limitations on the state’s ability to regulate corporations and other entities in light of Supreme Court decisions that allow corporations to assert certain constitutional rights; (3) recommendations for constitutional amendments; (4) an analysis of constitutional amendments introduced to Congress; and (5) recommendations for advancing proposed amendments to the United States Constitution. The commission would be subject to the state Open Meeting Law and Public Records Law. The commission’s first report would be due December 31, 2019, and the Secretary of the Commonwealth would be required to deliver the commission’s report to the state Legislature, the United States Congress, and the President of the United States. The proposed law states that, if any of its parts were declared invalid, the other parts would stay in effect. The proposed law would take effect on January 1, 2019. A YES VOTE would create a citizens commission to advance an amendment to the United States Constitution to limit the influence of money in elections and establish that corporations do not have the same rights as human beings. A NO VOTE would not create this commission. QUESTION 3: REFERENDUM ON AN EXISTING LAW Do you approve of a law summarized below, which was approved by the House of Representatives and the Senate on July 7, 2016? SUMMARY This law adds gender identity to the list of prohibited grounds for discrimination in places of public accommodation, resort, or amusement. Such grounds also include race, color, religious creed, national origin, sex, disability, and ancestry. A “place of public accommodation, resort or amusement” is defined in existing law as any place that is open to and accepts or solicits the patronage of the general public, such as hotels, stores, restaurants, theaters, sports facilities, and hospitals. “Gender identity” is defined as a person’s sincerely held gender-related identity, appearance, or behavior, whether or not it is different from that traditionally associated with the person’s physiology or assigned sex at birth. This law prohibits discrimination based on gender identity in a person’s admission to or treatment in any place of public accommodation. The law requires any such place that has separate areas for males and females (such as restrooms) to allow access to and full use of those areas consistent with a person’s gender identity. The law also prohibits the owner or manager of a place of public accommodation from using advertising or signage that discriminates on the basis of gender identity. This law directs the state Commission Against Discrimination to adopt rules or policies and make recommendations to carry out this law. The law also directs the state Attorney General to issue regulations or guidance on referring for legal action any person who asserts gender identity for an improper purpose. The provisions of this law governing access to places of public accommodation are effective as of October 1, 2016. The remaining provisions are effective as of July 8, 2016. A YES VOTE would keep in place the current law, which prohibits discrimination on the basis of gender identity in places of public accommodation. 315 A NO VOTE would repeal this provision of the public accommodation law. Hereof fail not and make return of this warrant with your doings thereon at the time and place of said voting. Given under our hands this 25th day of September, 2018. _____________________________________ Claire B. Wright, Chair _____________________________________ Brendan T. Tedstone, Vice Chair _____________________________________ Brian J. Herr _____________________________________ John M. Coutinho _____________________________________ Irfan Nasrullah Selectmen of Hopkinton I hereby certify that I have served the forgoing warrant by posting a true and attested copy thereof in the Town Hall, all post offices, the public library, the senior center, and at least one public safety building at least seven (7) days prior to the date and time of said Primary. _____________________________________ _______________________________, 2018. Constable A True Copy Attest: ______________________________ Connor B. Degan, Town Clerk Warrant must be posted by October 30, 2018, (at least seven days prior to the November 6, 2018 State Election). 316 STATE PRIMARY SEPTEMBER 4, 2018 DEMOCRATIC Page 1 of 4 DEMOCRATIC SENATOR IN CONGRESS Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 19 29 27 22 97 ELIZABETH A. WARREN 296 265 225 213 999 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 3 3 2 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1104 GOVERNOR Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 43 65 46 34 188 JAY M. GONZALEZ 202 153 139 129 623 BOB MASSIE 64 76 65 68 273 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 9 3 4 4 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1104 LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 50 65 51 45 211 QUENTIN PALFREY 179 147 134 125 585 JIMMY TINGLE 88 84 67 65 304 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 1 1 2 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1104 ATTORNEY GENERAL Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 19 28 27 17 91 MAURA HEALEY 297 268 226 218 1009 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 2 1 1 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1104 317 STATE PRIMARY SEPTEMBER 4, 2018 DEMOCRATIC Page 2 of 4 SECRETARY OF STATE Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 2 15 14 11 42 WILLIAM FRANCIS GALVIN 225 217 174 154 770 JOSH ZAKIM 91 65 66 70 292 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1104 TREASURER Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 37 44 41 40 162 DEBORAH B. GOLDBERG 280 252 213 195 940 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 1 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1104 AUDITOR Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 40 48 44 38 170 SUZANNE M. BUMP 277 248 210 197 932 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 1 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1104 REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 2 4 7 7 20 JOSEPH P. KENNEDY, III 302 275 228 216 1021 GARY J. RUCINSKI 14 18 19 12 63 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1104 318 STATE PRIMARY SEPTEMBER 4, 2018 DEMOCRATIC Page 3 of 4 COUNCILLOR Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 50 61 48 44 203 ROBERT L. JUBINVILLE 268 235 206 190 899 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 1 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1104 SENATOR IN GENERAL COURT Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 15 27 27 17 86 KAREN E. SPILKA 302 270 226 218 1016 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 1 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1104 REPRESENTATIVE IN GENERAL COURT Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 14 18 27 17 76 CAROLYN C. DYKEMA 302 279 226 218 1025 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 2 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1104 DISTRICT ATTORNEY Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 28 36 34 27 125 MARIAN T. RYAN 179 159 138 121 597 DONNA PATALANO 110 102 82 87 381 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1104 319 STATE PRIMARY SEPTEMBER 4, 2018 DEMOCRATIC Page 4 of 4 CLERK OF COURTS Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 43 51 43 39 176 MICHAEL A. SULLIVAN 275 244 211 196 926 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1104 REGISTER OF DEEDS Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 41 50 42 40 173 MARIA C. CURTATONE 275 246 212 195 928 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 2 1 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1104 320 STATE PRIMARY SEPTEMBER 4, 2018 LIBERTARIAN Page 1 of 3 LIBERTARIAN SENATOR IN CONGRESS Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 0 0 0 1 1 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 1 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 GOVERNOR Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 0 0 0 2 2 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 1 0 0 3 4 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 ATTORNEY GENERAL Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 1 0 0 3 4 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 SECRETARY OF STATE Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 0 0 0 3 3 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 321 STATE PRIMARY SEPTEMBER 4, 2018 LIBERTARIAN Page 2 of 3 TREASURER Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 1 0 0 3 4 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 AUDITOR Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 0 0 0 1 1 DANIEL FISHMAN 1 0 0 2 3 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 1 0 0 3 4 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 COUNCILLOR Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 1 0 0 3 4 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 SENATOR IN GENERAL COURT Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 1 0 0 3 4 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 322 STATE PRIMARY SEPTEMBER 4, 2018 LIBERTARIAN Page 3 of 3 REPRESENTATIVE IN GENERAL COURT Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 1 0 0 3 4 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 DISTRICT ATTORNEY Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 1 0 0 3 4 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 CLERK OF COURTS Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 1 0 0 3 4 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 REGISTER OF DEEDS Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 Total Blanks 1 0 0 3 4 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 323 STATE PRIMARY SEPTEMBER 4, 2018 REPUBLICAN Page 1 of 3 REPUBLICAN SENATOR IN CONGRESS Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 TOTAL Blanks 22 5 7 11 45 GEOFF DIEHL 76 92 63 70 301 JOHN KINGSTON 33 41 48 17 139 BETH JOYCE LINDSTROM 40 21 31 31 123 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 610 GOVERNOR Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 TOTAL Blanks 1 6 1 3 11 CHARLES D. BAKER 132 103 113 92 440 SCOTT D. LIVELY 38 49 35 36 158 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 610 LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 TOTAL Blanks 34 36 25 28 123 KARYN E. POLITO 135 121 124 102 482 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 2 2 0 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 610 ATTORNEY GENERAL Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 TOTAL Blanks 49 28 34 22 133 JAMES R. McMAHON, III 66 81 67 67 281 DANIEL L. SHORES 56 50 48 42 196 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 610 324 STATE PRIMARY SEPTEMBER 4, 2018 REPUBLICAN Page 2 of 3 SECRETARY OF STATE Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 TOTAL Blanks 61 48 39 42 190 ANTHONY M. AMORE 110 110 108 89 417 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 610 TREASURER Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 TOTAL Blanks 69 54 47 40 210 KEIKO M. ORRALL 102 103 101 91 397 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 2 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 610 AUDITOR Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 TOTAL Blanks 69 56 46 44 215 HELEN BRADY 101 101 103 86 391 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 1 2 0 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 610 REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 TOTAL Blanks 164 155 149 128 596 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 7 4 0 3 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 610 COUNCILLOR Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 TOTAL Blanks 159 156 149 131 595 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 12 3 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 610 325 STATE PRIMARY SEPTEMBER 4, 2018 REPUBLICAN Page 3 of 3 SENATOR IN GENERAL COURT Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 TOTAL Blanks 159 153 149 131 592 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 12 6 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 610 REPRESENTATIVE IN GENERAL COURT Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 TOTAL Blanks 164 153 149 131 597 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 7 6 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 610 DISTRICT ATTORNEY Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 TOTAL Blanks 164 153 149 131 597 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 7 6 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 610 CLERK OF COURTS Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 TOTAL Blanks 164 154 149 131 598 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 7 5 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 610 REGISTER OF DEEDS Precinct 1 Precinct 2 Precinct 3 Precinct 4 TOTAL Blanks 166 158 148 130 602 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 5 1 1 1 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 610 326 STATE ELECTION HOPKINTON, MASSACHUSETTS TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 2018 Page 1 TOTAL of All Precincts Ballots { 7988 } OFFICE NAME SENATOR IN CONGRESS PRECINCT 1 PRECINCT 2 PRECINCT3 PRECINCT 4 TOTAL Blanks 36 28 30 23 117 ELIZABETH A. WARREN 1312 1068 1057 1093 4530 GEOFF DIEHL 792 789 797 732 3110 SHIVA AYYADURAI 71 60 54 46 231 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 2 4 2 4 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2213 1949 1940 1898 8000 GOVERNOR AND LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR PRECINCT 1 PRECINCT 2 PRECINCT3 PRECINCT 4 TOTAL Blanks 43 41 44 38 166 BAKER and POLITO 1601 1444 1456 1405 5906 GONZALEZ and PALFREY 564 463 439 450 1916 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 5 0 1 3 9 0 1 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 2213 1949 1940 1898 8000 ATTORNEY GENERAL PRECINCT 1 PRECINCT 2 PRECINCT3 PRECINCT 4 TOTAL Blanks 44 36 35 25 140 MAURA HEALEY 1554 1298 1272 1288 5412 JAMES R. McMAHON, III 614 615 632 585 2446 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 1 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2213 1949 1940 1898 8000 327 STATE ELECTION HOPKINTON, MASSACHUSETTS TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 2018 Page 2 SECRETARY OF STATE PRECINCT 1 PRECINCT 2 PRECINCT3 PRECINCT 4 TOTAL Blanks 75 60 67 67 269 WILLIAM FRANCIS GALVIN 1519 1300 1288 1285 5392 ANTHONY M. AMORE 567 536 538 489 2130 JUAN G. SANCHEZ, JR. 51 53 47 57 208 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2213 1949 1940 1898 8000 TREASURER PRECINCT 1 PRECINCT 2 PRECINCT3 PRECINCT 4 TOTAL Blanks 108 88 101 93 390 DEBORAH B. GOLDBERG 1426 1223 1167 1169 4985 KEIKO M. ORRALL 647 596 621 582 2446 JAMIE M. GUERIN 32 42 51 54 179 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2213 1949 1940 1898 8000 AUDITOR PRECINCT 1 PRECINCT 2 PRECINCT3 PRECINCT 4 TOTAL Blanks 123 111 113 120 467 SUZANNE M. BUMP 1300 1077 1074 1061 4512 HELEN BRADY 679 662 656 602 2599 DANIEL FISHMAN 75 72 64 79 290 EDWARD J. STAMAS 36 27 33 36 132 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2213 1949 1940 1898 8000 328 STATE ELECTION HOPKINTON, MASSACHUSETTS TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 2018 Page 3 REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS PRECINCT 1 PRECINCT 2 PRECINCT3 PRECINCT 4 TOTAL Blanks 466 451 461 417 1795 JOSEPH P. KENNEDY, III 1733 1482 1466 1473 6154 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 11 14 13 8 46 3 1 0 0 4 0 1 0 0 1 2213 1949 1940 1898 8000 COUNCILLOR PRECINCT 1 PRECINCT 2 PRECINCT3 PRECINCT 4 TOTAL Blanks 567 555 566 495 2183 ROBERT L. JUBINVILLE 1639 1386 1368 1401 5794 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 7 8 6 2 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2213 1949 1940 1898 8000 SENATOR IN GENERAL COURT PRECINCT 1 PRECINCT 2 PRECINCT3 PRECINCT 4 TOTAL Blanks 456 484 481 445 1866 KAREN E. SPILKA 1752 1459 1452 1451 6114 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 5 6 7 2 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2213 1949 1940 1898 8000 REPRESENTATIVE IN GENERAL COURT PRECINCT 1 PRECINCT 2 PRECINCT3 PRECINCT 4 TOTAL Blanks 448 462 464 423 1797 CAROLYN C. DYKEMA 1759 1482 1469 1474 6184 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 6 5 7 1 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2213 1949 1940 1898 8000 329 STATE ELECTION HOPKINTON, MASSACHUSETTS TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 2018 Page 4 DISTRICT ATTORNEY PRECINCT 1 PRECINCT 2 PRECINCT3 PRECINCT 4 TOTAL Blanks 531 527 548 496 2102 MARIAN T. RYAN 1679 1418 1384 1402 5883 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 3 4 8 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2213 1949 1940 1898 8000 CLERK OF COURTS PRECINCT 1 PRECINCT 2 PRECINCT3 PRECINCT 4 TOTAL Blanks 542 540 545 491 2118 MICHAEL A. SULLIVAN 1667 1404 1388 1407 5866 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 4 5 7 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2213 1949 1940 1898 8000 REGISTER OF DEEDS PRECINCT 1 PRECINCT 2 PRECINCT3 PRECINCT 4 TOTAL Blanks 540 544 553 493 2130 MARIA C. CURTATONE 1669 1401 1381 1405 5856 Write In 0 0 0 0 0 Scattered 4 4 6 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2213 1949 1940 1898 8000 330 STATE ELECTION HOPKINTON, MASSACHUSETTS TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 2018 Page 5 QUESTION 1 - PATIENT-TO- NURSE LIMITS PRECINCT 1 PRECINCT 2 PRECINCT3 PRECINCT 4 TOTAL Blanks 55 44 49 59 207 YES 540 459 485 450 1934 NO 1618 1446 1406 1389 5859 2213 1949 1940 1898 8000 QUESTION 2 - LIMITING ELECTION SPENDING AND CORPORATE RIGHTS PRECINCT 1 PRECINCT 2 PRECINCT3 PRECINCT 4 TOTAL Blanks 53 54 51 57 215 YES 1586 1370 1366 1357 5679 NO 574 525 523 484 2106 2213 1949 1940 1898 8000 QUESTION 3 - TRANSGENDER ANTI- DISCRIMINATION PRECINCT 1 PRECINCT 2 PRECINCT3 PRECINCT 4 TOTAL Blanks 44 35 30 38 147 YES 1589 1363 1368 1359 5679 NO 580 551 542 501 2174 2213 1949 1940 1898 8000 331 TREASURER/COLLECTOR The Treasurer/Collector’s office is responsible for the billing, collecting, and investing of all of the Town’s revenues including real estate and personal property taxes, motor vehicle excise, water/sewer utility bills, as well as other departmental miscellaneous service charges, fees and permits. This office has collected or processed over $82 million in fiscal year 2018. The Treasurer is responsible for the coordination and issuance of short-term and long-term debt obligations required to fund the Town’s capital improvement program. The Treasurer/Collector Office’s main emphasis is to provide quality customer service. The entire staff worked very hard to serve the citizens of Hopkinton throughout this past year, and adjusted quite well to our temporary location on South Street, as Town Hall went through repair and renovations from the water damaged caused by a broken water pipe. We officially moved back to Town Hall the week of July 2, 2018. It’s great to be working back at Town Hall. As always, the staff displayed their knowledge, experience, and commitment to cheerfully serve town residents either in person at the customer service window, via telephone, or via email. I would like to take this opportunity to thank the office staff, which consists of Assistant Treasurer Diane Hendrickson, Payroll Manager Mary Shirley, and Finance Administrative Assistants Stuart Carter and Stephanie Clifton. The entire staff performed at a very high level throughout the year. Thank you again! This year we improved our customer service collection procedures by implementing friendly reminder notices. The Payroll Office updated our internal payroll processing procedures by introducing Employee Self Service. This allowed us to reduce the amount of paper printouts creating a small cost savings for the Town. We continuously work to improve services for our residents with updating our automated process by adding new enhancements each year. We look forward to the new fiscal year of 2019, and we will continue to do our very best to serve the citizens of Hopkinton. Respectfully submitted, Michael D. Connolly, CMMT, CMMC Treasurer/Collector  332 UPPER CHARLES TRAIL COMMITTEE The Upper Charles Trail Committee (UCTC) is charged with developing the Upper Charles Trail in Hopkinton from the Milford Town Line to the Ashland Town Line. Per the Committee’s charge, the Trail shall include the Hopkinton Center Trail. The Committee’s responsibilities include, but are not limited to, planning, designing, permitting, property rights acquisition, and construction of the Trail and associated infrastructure. The Committee shall identify, apply for and receive any State, Federal or private grants which may become available for the accomplishment of its mission. The Committee may also request and advocate for Community Preservation Act funds. The Committee shall also consider whether to establish a Friends of the Hopkinton Upper Charles Trail 501(c)(3) non-profit organization that encourages the proper use and care of the Trail, raises and expends funds for Trail maintenance and improvements, and oversees the Trail and reports improper uses. 2018 was an active year as the Committee continued to analyze trail connections and potential alignments along the 7-mile route. Because the Town does not own much of the abandoned rail bed, the Committee has decided to plan the trail on Town-owned Open Space, where possible, and seek private property easements for other areas. The Committee has hired VHB, an engineering firm, to produce pre-feasibility studies for segments of the potential trail, which we refer to as Phases. Phases 1 through 3 and 7 are complete, and we intend to complete the remaining Phases within the next 1-2 years. This year we held several planning meetings with several private land owners who are currently working with us to finalize agreements which will allow the engineering firm to study trail alignments to travel through their properties. After the final path on these parcels is agreed upon, then the next step of procuring legal easements will be sought. The Committee is seeking a positive vote from Hopkinton’s Community Preservation Commission (CPC) to recommend the purchase of a parcel of property along Hayden Rowe Street. This land abuts other Town owned property and provides additional accesses along Hayden Rowe that facilitates multiple potential alignments along the portion of the trail leading to Milford. The Committee developed a plan to connect the School complex with EMC Park and Phase 1 was recently completed. The segment will either be part of the UCT, or possibly a spur trail. The Committee meets every 1st and 3rd Wednesday of the month and encourages all interested persons to attend. Please visit our web site at UCTC.hopkintonma.org for additional information. Many thanks to our Trail Steward Mike Boelsen who put in hundreds of hours of volunteer work keeping the Center Trail safe and clean and blazing paths for our site walks. Thanks also to all our other supporters who make our job much easier. Respectfully Submitted, Upper Charles Trail Committee  333 VETERANS CELEBRATION COMMITTEE The Veterans Celebration Committee organizes, plans and coordinates the annual Memorial Day Parade and related functions. We work with Hopkinton’s American Legion Post 202 and other organizations in town to provide a reverent and appropriate acknowledgement of this important holiday. Weather permitting, Memorial Day activities begin at Evergreen Cemetery in Woodville at 9:45 AM. Following the ceremonies at that location, all the participants travel to the corner of Main and Marshall Streets, and form a parade [led by honorary flag bearer Scott Mackin] that travels through the cemeteries in the center of town, pausing at times to remember those veterans buried there. The parade route continues along Main Street and ends at the town Gazebo. Local veterans and their families are encouraged to participate either by marching in the parade, or by joining the citizens of Hopkinton on the common for the conclusion of the program. The Hopkinton High School Band, along with several other students, including the 2018 Master of Ceremonies Sophie Schneider, have become important participants in this Memorial Day parade and related ceremonies. Also, St. John’s parish traditionally hosts a light lunch at the end of the event, and many citizens help by donating some food items. 334 The committee is also charged with organizing a veterans’ appreciation dinner on Veteran’s Day each year, and invites all veterans and their guests to a home cooked meal prepared and served by a group of volunteer chefs led by veteran Frank Torento. Again, this past year, this event was held at the Woodville Rod and Gun Club. Certainly , the committee is very grateful to be able to use this venue, and would like to thank the Gun Club for its’ hospitality and generosity. In 2018, the town lost two loved and much respected citizens who gave much of their time and energy to supporting the veteran’s community . Cindy Chesmore and Marge Wright were both pioneers in the initial formation of our committee. Their efforts and foresight established the blueprint for our local veterans’ activities which have become, in a sense, traditional in our town of Hopkinton. Our local TAPS vigil continues every first Sunday of the month at 7:00 PM, and is held, no matter what the weather, at the senior center during the winter months, and at the Gazebo the rest of the year. As the committee moves forward into 2019, two long time and very active members, Colleen Charleston and Judi Regan, have decided to end their long tenure . We , of course, will miss them , and offer our sincere thanks and well wishes. Respectfully submitted, Mike Whalen chairman 335 VETERANS GRAVES OFFICER The Selectman of every town in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts shall appoint a resident of such town who shall be a veteran, as the veterans graves officer, for a term to be determined by such appointing authority: however, that said term shall not exceed five years. It shall be the duty of such veterans graves officer to cause every veterans grave within such town to be suitably kept and cared for. Such care shall include the cleaning of weeds and other unseemly growth from said graves; the raising and repairing of sunken gravestones and markers and other similar services that may be necessary to restore and maintain such graves and their surroundings in an orderly condition. In towns where there are cemeteries containing the remains of deceased veterans, such towns shall cause to be placed on such veterans graves a flag of the United States on every Memorial Day. In Hopkinton, this annual task is aided by many volunteers from various organizations, including the American Legion, and the Boy and Girl Scouts. As the new flags are placed each year, the old flags are gathered and properly retired. Currently over eleven hundred veterans graves are flagged each year, with the total number increasing on average by about twenty per year. Respectfully Submitted, Michael Whelan 336 HOPKINTON DEPARTMENT OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES The Hopkinton Department of Weights and Measures enforces Massachusetts General Laws, town by-laws, state and local regulations relating to the accuracy of weighing and measuring devices that weigh, measure, and count commodities offered for sale to the public. This includes gas pumps, scales, oil trucks, scanners, item pricing and unit pricing (in food stores or food departments). To ensure that equity and fairness prevails in the marketplace the department enforces all laws relating to the accuracy of weighing and measuring devices used by local businesses. To accomplish this, the department inspects and seals or condemns the devices tested. Additionally the department may inspect prepackaged foods and merchandise to assure compliance with weight, measurement, and count requirements and for proper labeling as to weight, measure, and extended prices. The department investigates complaints on weighing and measuring devices not complying with legal standards. The department also investigates complaints for short measure of fire wood delivered to homes (consumers) to assure compliance with proper measurement (128 cubic feet) based on what the consumer has purchased. Oil the trucks may be inspected to assure that their meters are properly sealed and the correct fuel oil delivery slip is prepared. If violations are found based on inspections or complaints, the department may issue civil citations or engage in criminal actions. The Weights and Measures Inspector continues to serve as the Northeast Weights and Measures Region chair of the Law and Regulations Committee. These laws and regulations range from the basic weights and measures laws to specific laws and regulations for Weighmasters, commodity regulations, price scanners, unit pricing, engine fuel and automotive lubricants and more. These model laws and regulations are published annually in NIST Handbook 130, Uniform Laws and Regulations. Additionally, the L&R Committee and the NCWM adopts test procedures for verifying the actual net quantity and contents contained in packages and products offered for sale. He also serves on the National Conference Charter Revision Taskforce representing weights and measures officials in the Northeast Region. . During 2018 the Hopkinton Department of Weights and Measures continued inspecting weighing and measuring devices located in the town and sealed or condemned them. A condemned device cannot legally be used in trade until it is repaired or replaced. It is marked with a red condemned tag which can only be removed by the Sealer of Weights and Measures. Also inspected were gasoline pumps, scanners, pharmacy and jewelry scales through scales in food stores to large truck scales to scales used for package weighing (FEDEX, postage, or UPS type scales). A special effort was continued this year to assure that gasoline dispensers are secure from skimming devices. These illegal devices facilitate the theft of identity and credit/debit card information. Stations managers are advised what to look out for to prevent these fraudulent activities. Inspections were conducted throughout the year. No instances of skimmers were found in Hopkinton. For the year 2018 thirty-eight inspections took place, twenty-four devices were adjusted, and no reinspections were conducted. Over one hundred sixty devices were inspected, adjusted, and sealed. No devices not meeting legal standards were condemned. Six item pricing inspection were completed. Ten Price Verification [scanning] inspections were performed and all but one met or exceeded the 98% accuracy standard. No complaints were received during 2018. Over $30,000.00 was saved consumers and merchants in Hopkinton as a result of item pricing, scanning, and gas station inspections. Over $13 million was saved Commonwealth wide (Division of Standards 2017 Annual Report covering all state and local inspections). As new businesses 337 opened in Hopkinton they were visited to educate management and assure compliance with the various laws and regulations governing weights and measures. The department of Weights and Measures will continue to meet its statutory objective by conducting required inspections and educating consumers and merchants on the importance to both of “EQUITY IN THE MARKETPLACE.” 338 WOODVILLE HISTORIC DISTRICT COMMISSION In 2005, Town Meeting voted to establish the Woodville Historic District, recognizing Woodville as an asset to the Town with significant historic heritage and appearance. The Woodville Historic District Commission promotes the educational, cultural, economic and general welfare of the public through the preservation and protection of the distinctive characteristics of buildings and places significant in the history of Hopkinton. The Commission is dedicated to working collaboratively with residents to support their efforts to update and improve their property while maintaining the unique character of our historic village. The 7-seat Woodville Historic District Commission includes residents of the District and representatives of local and regional organizations. In 2018, two vacant seats were filled by Craig Nation, a Woodville resident and Alan Connell, a representative of the Greater Boston Real Estate Board. Commission members are available to answer questions from Woodville residents to help them understand their responsibilities as historic district property owners. In 2018, the Commission provided guidance and approval for a variety of projects, granting six Certificates of Appropriateness and one Certificate of Hardship. Projects included the restoration of a home damaged by fire at 221 Wood Street, exterior modifications to 222 Wood Street, 281 Wood Street, 217 Wood Street, and 24 Winter Street, as well as supporting the efforts made by the Hopkinton Historical Society to obtain a historic plaque for the Woodville Rod and Gun Club. The Commission also worked with the Building Department to redress work done to a historic property without permits or Commission approval. In the coming year, the Commission will work with the town to improve its visibility on the town website as well as improve the way residents can access information about the Woodville Historic District Commission and its application process on the town website. The Commission looks forward to continuing its efforts to work with residents to preserve, for future generations, Woodville’s unique, historic character and a visible link to its past. Sean Davan, Chair Paul Larter, Vice Chair Tina Berlad Alan Connell Craig Nation Nancy Peters 339 HOPKINTON YOUTH AND FAMILY SERVICES Hopkinton Youth and Family Services (YFS) promotes and enhances family health and well- being by providing families with a place to turn for free, confidential services within their own community when they need it most. These services include parent consultation, crisis intervention, information and referral to resources, case management, and short-term individual, group, and family counseling. In addition to the provision of direct care to families, Hopkinton YFS works collaboratively with the Hopkinton Youth Commission and other town departments and programs to develop, sponsor, and facilitate community programs and activities intended to enhance the lives of resident families. In 2018, the department continued its staffing to include a part-time youth services counselor and full-time director of Youth and Family Services. Allowing for the continued provision of high quality, direct services to a growing number of families facing a variety of challenges, including separation and divorce, serious illness, financial hardships, grief and loss, mental health challenges, and addiction. Countless other families were served through community-wide educational and supportive programs on a variety of topics. Youth and Family Services continues to collaborate with Project Just Because, to enhance our community’s food security programs. We continue to provide support this past year by expanding shelving and assisting to secure ongoing funding for their food program. Youth and Family Services has also taken the lead in building our community’s capacity to prevent substance abuse through the development of our local coalition, Hopkinton Organizing for Prevention (HOP). As part of this effort, YFS has consistently secured grant funding and state budgetary support to deliver educational programming, raise awareness, and offer access to treatment services for community members in need of addiction and recovery care. This year our department organized and mobilized a regional youth substance abuse coalition, bringing youth together from across Metrowest. These youth provided messaging and programing in the form of a substance free “cafe”event for teens across the region. Hopkinton Organizing for Prevention/Youth Services has been the leader on some targeted initiatives focused on specific trends in the substance use and addiction landscape in 2018. Among our most recent town- funded initiatives is the collaboration with the Board of Health and Hopkinton High School departments to create a vaping intervention program. Specifically, we have created a vaping prevention curriculum and program that has been implemented at the high school in lieu of suspension for students caught vaping at school. Students caught utilizing electronic cigarettes have the option of participating in the program that addressed the health risks associated with vaping. This seems to have great potential as it shifts the focus to education rather than punishment as a way to curtail substance use. Finally, another significant accomplishment this year was the successful completion of a Marijuana Opt Out campaign in our community. This involved significant work and mobilization of constituents across the community and provided a strong message to our youth about the risks of substance use and our community’s intention to promote health and well being. 340 HOPKINTON YOUTH COMMISSION 2018 REPORT Hopkinton Youth Commission (HYC) was formed in 2002, and created its charge in 2003. Which was approved at the January 29, 2019 Board of Selectmen meeting. Hopkinton Youth Commission operates under our charge and mission of advocating for youth and making Hopkinton a place where youth can thrive, not just survive. Accordingly, Hopkinton Youth Commission (HYC) works in conjunction with all Hopkinton Town Departments that interact with youth and families including, but not limited to, Youth Services Department, Parks and Recreation Department, Police Department and Hopkinton Public School District. Our goals are to: ●Promote community education regarding youth and family issues. ●Support programs and activities which raise awareness and encourage healthy adolescent development. ●Collaborate with other organizations whose goals are aligned to those of HYC. ●Develop recommendations for the Board of Selectmen regarding programs, projects and policies benefiting Hopkinton Youth and families. ●Set annual goals in conjunction with Hopkinton Youth and Family Services Department by July 1, and present them to the Board of Selectmen during the first fiscal quarter. Many of the original HYC goals have been incorporated into town life through additional collaborations and outreach through the Hopkinton High School clubs and youth liaisons, the Bridge school sub-committee under the school committee, the YMCA, Parks and Recreation, and the Youth and Family Services Department. Hopkinton Youth Commission includes a Chair, Vice-Chair, and Secretary, selected annually for the coming year, by July 1. HYC may include working groups and/or advisory groups. The number of members required for a quorum will be calculated as a majority of voting members, and will not include liaisons and non-voting members of HYC. Hopkinton Youth Commission Membership includes seven voting members who are Hopkinton residents and appointed by the Board of Selectmen for three year terms. The Commission also has the following important but non-voting members: School Resource Officer as well as liaisons from Youth and Family Services Department, School Committee, Parks and Recreation Department and Board of Selectmen. Ideally, HYC also has student representatives on long term or short term basis. Members are expected to attend all HYC meetings and follow the rules and procedures set by the town and HYC. 2018-2019 members include Dawn Ronan (HYC Chair), Natalie Langlois (Vice Chair), Stacia Friedrich Krozy (Secretary), John Savignano, Tracey Ferencsik, and Caitlin Tirrell. HYC liaisons, Colleen Souza (Youth and Family Services), Amy Markovich (Parks and Recs), Molly Freshman and Callie-Rose Ronan (Hopkinton Students), Meg Tyler (School Committee), Officer Phil 341 Powers and Officer Benjamin Stickney (School Resource Officer), who provide invaluable insight and perspective from their roles in town. Board of Selectmen liaisons have made themselves available to us as needed. Youth and Family Services has continued to have a very full schedule serving our youth and families with various needs. Youth and Family Services attends HYC meetings, and reports on Youth and Family Services activities and programs, which Youth Commission supports, as needed, as part of our charge and goals. HYC has a mutually beneficial, collaborative relationship with Youth and Family Services. This provides a mutually invaluable partnership that creates a platform allowing the greater needs in our community to be addressed. Hopkinton Youth Commission 2018 activities included: ●Participation in Family Day ●Participation in HPD’s “First Night” ●Ice Cream Social Youth Commission collaborated with Hopkinton Public Schools to have our first Ice Cream Social for new resident students and families that moved in during summer months. ●Planning and carrying out a very successful 13th annual Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Day. This year, the theme was Service, Unity and Peace. In addition to student led community service projects, new elements were brought in which engaged, entertained and educated residents of all ages. The crowd was also mesmerized by returning African-American storyteller, Valerie Tutson. We also featured Seth Monk, a former Buddhist monk who led a workshop called “Seeds of Peace” and Fadyz, inspirational speaker who engaged community of all age ranges to participate. We ended our day with the Special Olympics and HHS Freshman boys players. ●Participation in Hopkinton 101 ●Collaborated with Hopkinton Special Needs and Autism Family Day Out with the Hopkinton Police Department ●Collaborated with the YMCA, HPTA and HMS administrators to provide early release programs for Middle School students. ●Hopkinton Youth Commission continues to collaborate with Hopkinton businesses, Hopkinton committees, and organizations to bring free, affordable, and innovative programing to help fulfill the needs of our community. 342 ●Working to provide Suicide Prevention Programing through supporting Youth and Family Services programming and collaborating with Active Minds (HHS Club) to provide programming directly to students. ●Girl Power Go. In partnership with Erin Mahoney, founder of the nationally acclaimed Girl Power Go, we are proud to offer several customized workshops for every age range. Our innovative program allows girls to strengthen their social and relationship skills while developing their self-esteem, confidence and leadership skills! ●HYC also supported other youth activities in town in 2018, such as the Fishing Derby. 2018 was an eventful and fulfilling year for HYC, and the commission looks forward to continuing active involvement to further enrich our community and support our mission, charge and goals. Dawn Ronan Chair Hopkinton Youth Commission 343 HOPKINTON TOWN HALL 18 MAIN STREET HOPKINTON, MA 01748 ' MI I NI I U I N WWW.HOPKINTONMA.GOV �Ir vvJN = HOPKIN �N .41°. TO JTOF' N - TL WN OF HC PKINTON HOPKINTO 1 0 wi MARATHON ELEMENTARY SCH S Photos I Cover Design I Kathleen Culler T F PI 1PKINTON .+: TOvvri VT nvPKYi