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HomeMy Public PortalAbout2021-05-11 packetNOTICE OF REGULAR MEETING AND TENTATIVE AGENDA` City of Jefferson Historic Preservation Commission Tuesday, May 11, 2021 — 6:00 p.m. City Council Chambers- John G. Christy Municipal Building -320 E. McCarty Street TO JOIN VIRTUALLY https://jeffersoncity.webex.com/jeffersoncityli.php?MTID=ma22f6806da7a8aa924a184de 172c66b4 Join by Phone -+14043971516 US Toll Access Code -187 400 7023 Password -1234 TENTATIVE AGENDA 1. Introductions and Roll Call 2. Procedural Matters • Determination of quorum • Call for cases • Receive and review requests for continuance • Receive requests for reordering the agenda • Format of hearing • List of exhibits 3. Adoption of Agenda (as printed or reordered) 4. Approval of April 13, 2021 Regular Meeting Minutes 5. Communications Received a. National Register Nominations i. Simonsen High School ii. Orchard Acres/Sugarbaker Property 6. New Business a. Fagade Committee 7. Other Business a. Historic Preservation Mapping Project b. Historic Preservation Code Update C. Section 106- Demolition of 108 Jackson Street d. Certified Local Government Training 8. Dates to Remember a. Next Regular Meeting Date- June 8, 2021 9. Adjournment Individuals should contact the ADA Coordinator at (573) 634-6570 to request accommodations or alternative formats as required under the Americans with Disabilities Act. Please allow three business days to process the request. Please call 573-634-6410 for information regarding agenda items City of Jefferson Historic Preservation Commission Minutes Regular Meeting — Tuesday, April 13, 2021 City Council Chamber and Virtual WebEx Meeting Commission Members Present Donna Deetz, Chairperson Alan Wheat, Vice Chairperson Tiffany Patterson Gail Jones Brad Schaefer Michael Berendzen Steven Hoffman Mary Schantz Commission Members Absent Gregory Bemboom Council Liaison Present Laura Ward Staff Present Rachel Senzee, Neighborhood Services Supervisor Karlie Reinkemeyer, Neighborhood Services Specialist Ryan Moehlman, City Attorney Guests Present Frank Underwood Patricia Churchill Michael Shine Gary Wheeler Call to Order Ms. Deetz called the meeting to order at 6:OOp.m. Attendance Record 2 of 2 2 of 2 2 of 2 2 of 2 2 of 2 2 of 2 2 of 2 2 of 2 Attendance Record 1 of 2 Adoption of Agenda Ms. Jones moved and Mr. Wheat seconded to adopt the agenda as amended. The motion passed unanimously. Approval of Regular Meeting Minutes Mr. Wheat moved and Ms. Jones seconded to approve the minutes from the March 9, 2021 Regular Meeting as written. The motion passed unanimously. Communication Received A. International Shoe East End -Main Street Factory -National Register of Historic Places Ms. Senzee stated one communication was received from the State Historic Preservation Office notifying the City that the International Shoe East End -Main Street Factory was officially placed on the National Register of Historic Places. Demolition Clearance Public Hearing (Over 100 Years Old)- 412 Union Ms. Senzee read the format of the public hearing and order of testimony. Ms. Senzee gave an overview of the staff report and explained that the property is owned by the Jefferson City School District. The demo request is to demolish a single-family residence at 412 Union Street. The residence was constructed in 1910. Ms. Senzee explained that the structure does not hold sufficient historical significance. Ms. Senzee stated that staff recommends to approve the demolition of 412 Union Street. Ms. Jones motioned and Mr. Berendzen seconded to approve the demolition clearance application for 412 Union Street. The motion passed unanimously. Demolition Clearance Public Hearing (Over 100 Years Old)- 738 S. Country Club Drive Ms. Senzee gave an overview of the staff report and explained that the request is to demolish 6 structures including a single-family residence at 738 S. Country Club Drive. The single-family structure was built in 1930. The property is owned by the Missouri Soybean Association. The Missouri Soybean Association plan to make an educational space once the property is demolished. Ms. Senzee explained that the property does not hold sufficient historical significance. Ms. Senzee explained that staff recommends approval of the demolition clearance application of 308 Case Avenue. Mr. Berendzen moved and Ms. Schantz seconded to approve the demolition review application for 738 S. Country Club Drive. The motion passed unanimously. Demolition Review (50-99 Years Old)- 112 Fulkerson Street Ms. Senzee gave an overview of the staff report and explained the purpose of the request is to demolish a single-family residence located at 112 Fulkerson Street. The structure was built in 1926 and is owned by the GNJPJC Family Trust. Ms. Senzee explained that the property does not hold historical significance. According to Ms. Patricia Churchill (Trustee for the Family Trust), the purpose of the demolition is for a new and fully accessible residence to be built of aging family members. Ms. Senzee stated that staff recommends approval of the demolition review application for 112 Fulkerson Street. Mr. Berendzen moved and Ms. Schantz seconded to approve the demolition review application for 112 Fulkerson Street. The motion passed unanimously. New Business A. Resolution 2021-01: Historic Preservation Fund -Historic Context of Jefferson City Ms. Senzee explained that the City of Jefferson became aware of Historic Preservation Funds that are sub granted through the State Historic Preservation Office are available for additional projects. Ms. Senzee explained that a Historic Context of Jefferson City is highlighted as a need in the Historic Preservation Plan. Ms. Senzee explained that a Historic Context will help prioritize areas of the City that need surveyed and will have a component focused on minority populations and neighborhoods in Jefferson City. The City of Jefferson would have to provide a 40% match. The application is due June 1, 2021. Ms. Patterson moved and Mr. Berendzen seconded to support the application for the Historic Context of Jefferson City and to approve the resolution. The motion passed unanimously. B. Resolution 2021-02: Paul Bruhn Historic Revitalization Grant Ms. Senzee explained that the resolution has already gone to the City Council and was approved, but she wanted the Historic Preservation Commission to approve as well. The Paul Bruhn Historic Revitalization Grant is through the National Parks Service. and the purpose of the grant is to afford Certified Local Government communities to subgrant funds in the amount of up $750,000 to property owners for rehabilitation and restoration. Ms. Senzee explained the City will request the full $750,000 and there is no match required. Ms. Senzee stated the target area would be properties that were surveyed in the 2020 Structural Survey that were identified as "red" or "yellow". Any property that were identified as "red" or "yellow" have structural deficiencies that need addressed. Ms. Senzee explained, if awarded, five to seven properties would be awarded $150,000-$200,000. Eligible properties would be contributing structures within the National Register Historic District with preference given to "red" and "yellow" properties. The application is due May 12, 2021. Mr. Wheat moved and Ms. Patterson seconded to approve Resolution 2021-02: Historic Revitalization Grant. The motion passed unanimously. Other Business A. Historic Preservation Code Update Ms. Senzee stated that staff has met with the Mayor and City Administrator regarding the stakeholder's group that will help with the historic preservation code update. Ms. Senzee explained that the Mayor has approved the list and made two suggestions. Ms. Senzee stated that the goal is to have a resolution before City Council by May 3, appointments to the committee would happen at the May 17 City Council meeting, and the proposed first stakeholders committee on June 3, 2021 at 6 p.m. B. Landmark Awards Presentation Ms. Senzee explained that the ordinance designation will happen at the April 191h City Council meeting. Ms. Senzee stated The Historic City of Jefferson has invited award winners and the Historic Preservation Commission to a preservation month banquet at Capital Bluffs Event Center on May 16th at 1 p.m. C. Historic Properties Mapping Project Ms. Senzee explained that Dalton Green, an intern from Lincoln University, has been digitalizing the architectural survey and National Register binders which will result in an interactive map through the Mid MO GIS hub. Ms. Senzee explained that Dalton will present the project at the May 11th meeting. Ms. Senzee explained that staff has met with the Historic City of Jefferson and plan on partnering and share resources, so the public can utilize the map for historic preservation efforts. D. Community Development Block Grant -Disaster Recovery Funds Ms. Senzee explained that after the 2019 Tornado the City became eligible for Community Development Block Grant -Disaster Recovery Funds. These funds are administered by the State of Missouri's Department of Economic Development. Ms. Senzee stated that Cole County will receive approximately $7 million for the 65101 -zip code that was hit by the tornado. Ms. Senzee explained that the funds will be used for housing. $5 million is supposed to go multi -family housing development and $2 million set aside for the remaining structures which includes restoration activities. Ms. Senzee explained the funding is targeted towards low -moderate income areas. Ms. Senzee explained that funding will become available in June, but staff has not heard from the Department of Economic Development regarding what steps the City needs to take next. E. Historic Preservation Month Ms. Senzee stated that May is Historic Preservation Month. Ms. Senzee sought input from commissioners on whether they wanted to plan activities for this year or begin planning activities for next year. Ms. Patterson suggested planning activities for May 2022 because of the time constraints this year. The commission will plan on resuming activities in May 2022. Ms. Deetz stated the Missouri Preservation Conference will be held in Jefferson City in 2022. F. Certified Local Government Training Ms. Senzee explained that staff and commissioners must complete at least one training as a requirement for retaining Certified Local Government status. Ms. Senzee sought input from commissioners regarding what topics they would like to receive training in. The commissioners will report back with other topics of interest. G. Fagade Committee Ms. Senzee explained that city staff is in the processes of reducing the number of boards and commissions in city government. Ms. Senzee stated that many boards and committees are stagnant and the Facade Committee is considered stagnant. Ms. Senzee explained that the Facade Committee is intended to be a review body of design guidelines for any applicant in the Neighborhood Reinvestment Area. Staff has suggested that the Fagade Committee be disbanded and have the responsibilities of the fagade committee transfer to the Historic Preservation Commission. Ms. Senzee asked for opinions from the commissioners. Ms. Schantz is against the Historic Preservation Commission assuming the responsibilities and believes the Facade Committee allows for more individuals to be involved in historic preservation issues in the City. Mr. Berendzen stated that he does not oppose the Historic Preservation Commission assuming the responsibilities of the Facade Committee. Ms. Senzee stated that it is a struggle to find volunteer participants for some of the City committees which is causing committees to become stagnant because of lacks of quorums. Ms. Senzee will report back with additional details at the next Historic Preservation Commission meeting. Dates to Remember A. Next Regular Meeting Date, May 11, 2021. Adjournment Mr. Wheat moved and Ms. Jones seconded to adjourn the meeting at 6:54 p.m. The motion passed unanimously. 4 NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service OMB No. 1024-0018 National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in National Register Bulletin, How to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form. If any item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. Place additional certification comments, entries, and narrative items on continuation sheets if needed (NPS Form 10-900a). 1. Name of Property Historic name Simonsen, Ernst High School Other names/site number Ernst Simonsen Junior High School, Jefferson City High School, Simonsen 9` Grade School, Simonsen 91h Grade Center, Simonsen School (preferred) Name of related Multiple Property Listing N/A 2. Location Street & number 501 E. Miller St. N/A not for publication City or town Jefferson City N/A vicinity State Missouri Code MO County Cole Code 51 Zip code 65101 3. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this —nomination _ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property _ meets does not meet the National Register Criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant at the following level(s) of significance: national statewide local Applicable National Register Criteria: _ A _ B _ C _ D Signature of certifying official/Title Date Missouri Department of Natural Resources State or Federal agency/bureau or Tribal Government In my opinion, the property _ meets does not meet the National Register criteria. Signature of commenting official Date Title State or Federal agency/bureau or Tribal Government 4. National Park Service Certification I hereby certify that this property is: entered in the National Register determined eligible for the National Register determined not eligible for the National Register removed from the National Register other (explain:) Signature of the Keeper Date of Action 1 United States Department of the Interior NPS Form 10-900 Simonsen School Name of Property 5. Classification Ownership of Property Category of Property (Check as many boxes as apply.) (Check only one box.) X private X building(s) public - Local district public - State site public - Federal structure object 6. Function or Use Historic Functions (Enter categories from instructions.) EDUCATION / school 7. Description Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions.) LATE 19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURY REVIVALS Fx-1NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION ON CONTINUATION PAGES National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 Cole County, Missouri County and State Number of Resources within Property (Do not include previously listed resources in the count.) Contributing Noncontributing 1 0 buildings 0 0 sites 0 1 structures 0 0 objects 1 1 Total Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register 0 Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions.) VACANT / NOT IN USE Materials (Enter categories from instructions.) foundation: CONCRETE walls: BRICK roof: SYNTHETICS: Rubber other: 2 United States Department of the Interior NPS Form 10-900 Simonsen School Name of Property 8. Statement of Sianificance Applicable National Register Criteria (Mark "x' in one or more boxes for the criteria qualifying the property for National Register listing.) ❑ A Property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. ❑ B Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction. FD Property has yielded, or is likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. Criteria Considerations (Mark "x" in all the boxes that apply.) Property is: A Owned by a religious institution or used for religious purposes. B removed from its original location. C a birthplace or grave. D a cemetery. i6'� E a reconstructed building, object, or structure. F a commemorative property. G less than 50 years old or achieving significance within the past 50 years. X I STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE ON CONTINUTATION PAGES National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 Cole County, Missouri County and State Areas of Significance ARCHITECTURE Period of Significance 1914 and 1939 Significant Dates 1914 1939 Significant Person (Complete only if Criterion B is marked above.) N/A Cultural Affiliation N/A Architect/Builder Felt & Kriehn Architects, Kansas City, MO (1939) Horn, Lee Van, contractor (1939) 9. Major Bibliographical References Bibliography (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form.) Previous documentation on file (NPS): Primary location of additional data: x preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67 has been x State Historic Preservation Office requested) Other State agency previously listed in the National Register Federal agency _previously determined eligible by the National Register Local government designated a National Historic Landmark University recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey # Other recorded by Historic American Engineering Record # Name of repository: recorded by Historic American Landscape Survey # Historic Resources Survey Number (if assigned): 10. Geographical Data United States Department of the Interior NPS Form 10-900 Simonsen School Name of Property Acreage of Property 3.7 acres Latitude/Longitude Coordinates Datum if other than WGS84: (enter coordinates to 6 decimal places) 1 38.570963 -92.169040 3 PAI Latitude: Longitude: Latitude: Longitude: UTM References (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet.) NAD 1927 or NAD 1983 1 Zone 2 Zone Easting Northing Easting Northing Latitude: 4 National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 Cole County, Missouri County and State Longitude: Latitude: Longitude: _ 3 Zone Easting 4 Zone Easting Verbal Boundary Description (On continuation sheet) Boundary Justification (On continuation sheet) 11. Form Prepared By name/title Jane Rodes Beetem. Historic Preservation Consultant organization N/A street & number 131 W. Hiah St.. # 476 Northing Northing date April 25, 2021 telephone 573-680-0005 city or town Jefferson City state MO zip code 65102 e-mail jbeetemt�embargmail.com Additional Documentation Submit the following items with the completed form: • Maps: o A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. o A Sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. Key all photographs to this map. • Continuation Sheets • Photographs • Owner Name and Contact Information • Additional items: (Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items.) Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C.460 et seq.). Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 18 hours per response including time for reviewing instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of this form to the Office of Planning and Performance Management. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1849 C. Street, NW, Washington, DC. United States Department of the Interior NPS Form 10-900 Simonsen School Name of Property Photographs National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 Cole County, Missouri County and State Submit clear and descriptive photographs. The size of each image must be 1600x1200 pixels (minimum), 3000x2000 preferred, at 300 ppi (pixels per inch) or larger. Key all photographs to the sketch map. Each photograph must be numbered and that number must correspond to the photograph number on the photo log. For simplicity, the name of the photographer, photo date, etc. may be listed once on the photograph log and doesn't need to be labeled on every photograph. Photo Log: Name of Property City or Vicinity: Simonsen School Jefferson C County: Cole County State: Missouri Photographer: Jane Beetem and Paul Hohmann, E+A Date Photographed: 09/18/20, 10/13/20, 10/22/20 and 02/26/21 Description of Photograph(s) and number, include description of view indicating direction of camera: 1: South elevation of gymnasium, 1992 addition, west elevation of classroom block, 10/22/20, pointing northeast. 2: South elevation, 10/22/20, main classroom block from 1939 addition, pointing northeast. 3: South elevation, 10/22/20, main classroom block on right, 1992 addition in center and 1939 gymnasium on left, pointing northwest. 4: Closeup of southeast entry on classroom block, 10/22/20, south elevation, pointing north. 5: East elevation, 10/22/20, 1939 addition on left, 1914 addition on right, pointing southwest. 6: East and north elevations, 10/22/20, east elevation 1939 addition on left, 1914 addition in center, 1992 addition and 1939 gymnasium on right, pointing southwest. 7: North elevation, 02/26/21, 1914 addition on left and center, 1992 addition between classroom block and gymnasium, 1939 addition visible above 1992 addition, 1939 gymnasium on right, pointing south. 8: Closeup of west entry to 1914 addition, 10/22/20, pointing south. 9: West elevation of gymnasium, 10/22/20, pointing east. 10. Auditorium interior, 10/22/20, pointing south. 11. Stage, 10/22/20, pointing east. 12. Music room, 10/22/20, pointing northeast. 13. Art room, 10/22/20, pointing northwest. 14. Gymnasium, 10/22/20, pointing southwest. 15. Library, 10/22/20, pointing northwest. 16. Built-in cabinet example, 10/22/20, pointing northwest. 17. Built-in cabinet in science classroom, 10/22/20, pointing northwest. 18. Corbels above dropped ceiling, ground floor, 10/22/20, pointing northwest and up. 19. Stairs and southeast entry, 10/22/20, pointing southwest. 20. South hallway, first floor, 10/22/20, pointing west. 21. South hallway, third floor, 10/22/20, pointing north. 22. Typical blackboard partially covered by whiteboard, basement, 10/13/20, pointing north. Paul Hohmann, E+A. 23. Interior window example, first floor, 09/18/20, pointing southeast. Paul Hohmann, E+A Figure Log: Include figures on continuation pages at the end of the nomination. Figure 1: Navigational reference map. The Simonsen School is not oriented facing north, south, east or west, so a map is provided as an aid to the reader. Figure 2: Simonsen School Nomination Boundary. Figure 3: Contextual Map. Figure 4: Sanborn Map — 1908. Interior layout of Jefferson City High School. Figure 5: Postcard, Jefferson City High School. United States Department of the Interior NPS Form 10-900 Simonsen School Name of Property National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 Cole County, Missouri County and State Figure 6: Sanborn maps — 1916. Figure 7: Postcard showing 1914 addition. Figure 8: Phasing of Additions — Illustration # 1. Figure 9: Phasing of Additions — Illustration # 2. Figure 10: Cafeteria in Simonsen School, circa 1922. Figure 11: Circa 1939 photo, Simonsen School. Figure 12: Sanborn maps — 1939. Figure 13: 1967 topo map of Jefferson City. Figure 14: Blueprints — 1939 Addition, Ground floor. Figure 15: Blueprints — 1939 Addition, Gymnasium and Gymnasium Basement. Figure 16: Blueprints — 1939 Addition, First floor. Figure 17: Blueprints — 1939 Addition, Second floor. Figure 18: Blueprints — 1939 Addition, Third floor. Figure 19: Blueprints — 1939 Addition, South and East Elevations. Figure 20: Blueprints — 1939 Addition, Ventilation Fans. Figure 21: 1992 Addition plan. Figure 22: Blueprints —Existing Basement floor plan, Unchanged Areas. Figure 23: Blueprints — Existing Ground floor plan, Unchanged Areas. Figure 24: Blueprints — Existing First floor plan, Unchanged Areas. Figure 25: Blueprints — Existing Second floor plan, Unchanged Areas. Figure 26: Blueprints — Existing Third floor plan, Unchanged Areas. Figure 27: former Central School photo. Figure 28: Postcard, Senior High School and Junior College. Figure 29. J. H. Felt Four Room School Design. Figure 30: Current floor plan, Broadway School. Figure 31: Current floor plan, Moreau Heights Elementary. Figure 32: Current floor plans, Central School. Figure 33: Current floor plans, Senior High School and Junior College. Figure 34: Current floor plans, East Elementary. Figure 35: Current floor plans, West Elementary. Figure 36: Photo key map, Exterior. Figure 37: Photo key map, Basement. Figure 38: Photo key map, Ground floor. Figure 39: Photo key map, First floor. Figure 40: Photo key map, Second floor. Figure 41: Table of Jefferson City Schools, Civil War to Present. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page Summary: Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 The Simonsen School, located at 501 E. Miller Street in Jefferson City, Cole County, Missouri, is built on a hill in the Central East Side neighborhood, overlooking the downtown and Missouri State Capitol. The boundary includes most of an entire city block, except for a piece of the northwest corner north of Wear's Creek and is bounded by E. Miller, Jackson, E. McCarty and Marshall Streets. The property contains the school building and an adjacent parking lot, which is considered a non-contributing structure. The school faces E. Miller Street, built in the middle of the block in two phases, 1914 and 1939 (the original 1905 part of the school was demolished to make way for the 1939 addition). The 1914 section is three stories while the 1939 section is four stories. Both sections have a concrete foundation, red brick cladding, cast stone ornaments and a flat roof. Both the 1914 and 1939 sections have matching materials, fenestration patterns and design with symmetrical, complimentary north and south facades, giving the completed building a unified appearance. The classroom block contains classrooms from both 1914 and 1939 additions. The 1939 addition also added a gymnasium, a rectangular addition to the west side of the main classroom block with a tall single floor and basement. (Figures 8 and 9) Both the 1914 and 1939 sections appear largely as when constructed. The main character defining features of the exterior of both sections are use of horizontal massing with rows of windows, a flat roof with castellated parapets, belt courses, rectangular panels (either inset or outlined by brickwork) and elaborate decorations over the entry doors. These features were typical of schools built during this period in the Late 19th and Early 20th Century Revival styles. Built as a Progressive Era school, Simonsen School has a number of features that identify it as part of the Progressive movement. These original extant design features include a focus on fire safety through use of masonry and fire -proof materials, the original configuration of corridors around a central auditorium with easy access to exits, rows of windows for light and fresh air in classrooms on the perimeter of each floor and purpose built classrooms for physical and vocational training. The gymnasium, music room with its tiered wood floor, home economics and tile walled shop classes are examples of the rooms designed for specialized training. Use of glazed tile and polished concrete demonstrate the Progressive Era's focus on sanitation while the presence of a nurse's office and operable windows addressed health concerns present during the Progressive Era. Other original extant features include built-in cabinets in the classrooms and window and door trim. (Photo 16) Two small additions were made in 1992 to meet requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act, providing an at grade main entrance and relocating locker rooms from the basement to the ground floor just outside the gymnasium. Some interior alterations have been made, subdividing or enlarging a few classrooms, relocating and updating some bathrooms, and replacement of window sash within the historic masonry openings. Such alterations are common to early twentieth century schools and do not alter the ability of the Simonsen School to convey its historic educational function and the period of construction. A tornado damaged the building in May 2019, breaking glass in many windows, damaging the roof and parapet and allowing water into the interior.' A temporary roof was installed to prevent further damage, but the building remains vacant with numerous windows boarded. The ' Deborah Kendrick, "Jefferson City School District spends $2.7 million on tornado repairs." May 20, 2020. Accessed October 16, 2020. https://abcl7news.com/news/iefferson-city/2020/05/20/iefferson-city- school-district-spends-2-7-million-on-tornado-repairs/. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 2 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 massing, materials, design and functional features of the Simonsen School clearly identify the building as an early twentieth century Progressive Era school. Setting Simonsen School is located on a high hill overlooking downtown Jefferson City and the Missouri State Capitol in the Central East Side neighborhood, occupying most of a city block. The property is bounded by E. Miller on the south, Jackson on the west, E. McCarty on the north and Marshall Streets on the east. (Figures 2 and 3) The school's surroundings have not changed significantly since the time of construction, and the school remains isolated from its surroundings on the west, north and east due to its elevation. 2 Inside the nomination boundary, the landscape has not changed significantly. The school's south elevation faces E. Miller Street, located nearly in the middle of the block. Land on the south side of the school was partially paved historically; the paved area has been expanded since 1939 and an addition added in 1992. (Figure 11, Photo 1) A low round concrete planter in the paved area used to have a flagpole, but this was removed in 2019. (Photo 1) In 1939 the entry steps extended to the street. (Figure 11) To improve safety a raised concrete platform was added, accessed by steps parallel to the street, leading to shorter sets of stairs to the entry doors. (Photo 2) The platform is located below the main doors, does not impede the view of the front elevation, and does not significantly alter the building's integrity. The west yard is grassy and slopes steeply to Jackson Street. A small addition was added to the north side in 1992, between the classroom block and the gymnasium. (Figure 21) The north yard is a large steeply sloped grassy area with a few large trees, ending with Wear's Creek curving around the base of the hill. (Figure 2) Sidewalks across this hill include one circa 1914 walkway with steps that extends from Jackson Street on the west to the north side entrances, continuing to steps leading to Marshall Street on the east.3 More recent, shorter sidewalks connect the rear of the gymnasium and the adjacent parking lot to the north entrances. Outside the boundary immediately south of the former school and at a higher elevation is the Hobo Hill Historic District, a National Register listed group of seven houses. South of this neighborhood is the Whitton Expressway, which is depressed in a rock -cut adjacent to the alley at the rear of the East Miller Street houses. West of Simonsen School4 at the northwest corner 2 In Jefferson City, most buildings face the Missouri River, so the fagade facing the river is typically known as "north" even though this may be more correctly "northwest." A navigational map in Figure 1 shows north, northeast, east, southeast, south, southwest, west and northwest as used in this nomination to aid the reader. 3 Felt & Kriehn, 1939 architects drawings, sheet number missing. 4 Simonsen School has functioned under a variety of names since initial construction in 1904 — 1905. This earliest school (since demolished) was a Common School known as Jefferson City High School. An addition was added to the north elevation in 1914, when the name changed to Ernst Simonsen High School. In 1926 a new high school opened two blocks west on E. Miller Street, and Simonsen became the Ernst Simonsen Junior High School. In 1993 two new middle schools were constructed, and Simonsen became the Simonsen 91h Grade School, later known as the Simonsen 9th Grade Center. The school is known locally as "Simonsen". Since the former school has had so many historic names, it will be referred to in this nomination primarily as "Simonsen School" unless named in a specific reference to use as a high school or junior high school. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 3 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 of Jackson and E. Miller Streets is the circa 1970s track and practice football field that was formerly associated with the school. This area is significantly lower than the buildings, as it was built over Wears Creek, and was largely open prior to development of the track. The creek curves around the base of the hill on the school's north side, contained in a deep concrete ditch built by the Corps of Engineers in the 1960s. East of the school on Marshall Street is a block of six single story Bungalow style houses. In 1976 E. Miller Street was connected to Marshall Street through a steep rock bluff that had previously precluded that connection.5 (Figure 13) The street had always extended past the school to the adjacent parking lot to the east, so this connection did not significantly alter the school's surroundings. Across E. Miller Street and east of the Hobo Hill Historic District is a large parking lot, developed circa 1992, which is not included in the nomination boundary. (Figure 2, Photo 3) Parking Lot — Non -Contributing Structure East of the school is a small, paved parking lot with 23 parking spaces (16 on east side, seven adjacent to the building) that extends to about 25 feet from the school's north wall. A short steep drive connects this lot to E. Miller Street and the north end connects to a wide walkway leading to the north entrances. Guard rails separate the lot from the bluff on the east side and extend about halfway on the north and south ends of the lot. This parking lot was developed after 1960 and is considered a non-contributing structure. (Figure 2, Photo 5) Exterior Narrative Descriptions This imposing brownish red brick building is located on a tall hill, with three stories on the north side and four stories on the south side, both having a flat roof. The school was built in phases, which are illustrated in Figures 8 and 9. The north three-story section was built in 1914; the four story section that faces E. Miller St. on the south and the gymnasium were built in 1939, when the 1905 school was removed. The main classroom block where the majority of classrooms are located (Figure 8) contains both 1914 and 1939 additions, is rectangular in shape and connected to the gymnasium. The gym comprises a smaller rectangle to the west, with two rectangular additions made in 1992 on north and south sides of the connector between the gymnasium and the classroom block. (Figures 8, 9 and 21, Photos 3 and 7) The main classroom block exhibits Progressive Era design through its horizontal massing, symmetrical facades that utilize belt courses to emphasize the horizontal design, rows of windows, flat roofs and parapets. The exterior descriptions will be grouped, starting with the classroom block, then the gymnasium and lastly the 1992 additions, elevation by elevation. Simonsen's fenestration pattern is typical of the Progressive Era and allows generous natural light to illuminate the classrooms, which face outside the building. The rows of large windows would have also provided ventilation for the classrooms, another Progressive Era feature. (Photos 2, 5 and 6) All of the window sash and exterior doors on the former school are replacements, dating to 1992.6 The replacement doors are all modern full glass bronze metal 5 Jerena East Giffen, Plus Two for Jay Hill, (Jefferson City: Jefferson City Schools, 1976) 44. 6 Frank Underwood, Jefferson City School District's Head of Transportation, Facilities and Safety stated in an email to the author dated October 22, 2020 that the replacement windows were installed in 1992 by NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 4 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 commercial doors, and do not detract from the building's original design. The replacement window sash were installed in the original window frames, retaining the original window size and fenestration pattern. (Photo 23) The original windows had double hung window sash below a fixed pane section above. (Figure 11) The fixed section at the top filled about one third of each window opening, and this pattern continues to the present with a solid metal panel replacing the fixed panes. The solid panel obscures the view of ductwork and dropped ceilings on the interior. The lower two thirds of the windows are double hung single panes. (Photos 5 and 6) While installation of replacement window sash at Simonsen School is unfortunate, the newer windows retain the size and shape of the openings and the historic fenestration pattern .7 (Photo 23) Many of the windows are boarded due to damage from a tornado in 2019 but only the glass was broken, the frames remain intact. (Photos 2, 5 and 7) Some of the windows appear white in the photos due to interior blinds being partially or fully closed. Particularly on the north side of the basement level, some windows appear lighter in color due to being boarded on the interior rather than the exterior. Classroom Block — South Elevation (Photos 2 and 3, Figure 19) The south elevation dates to 1939 and is four stories tall, built of medium to dark reddish brown brick with a flat roof. (Figures 8 and 9) The 1939 addition, including the gymnasium, was designed by Felt & Kriehn Architects of Kansas City, Missouri. This addition reflects but does not mirror the design of the 1914 section. While a bit simpler in design, the 1939 addition retained the elaborate cast stone entries, upper and lower cast stone belt courses, fenestration pattern, red brick walls and castellated roofline of the 1914 section. Viewed together, the two additions form a cohesive design. The classroom block's symmetrical fagade and decorated parapets around the flat roof are one of the school's distinguishing Progressive Era features. Built in the Late 19th and Early 20th Century Revival styles typical of schools from this period, this elevation's design features numerous rectangular forms. The south elevation includes the main classroom block, main entry in the 1992 south addition and the gymnasium. The gymnasium and the newer additions will be described after the classroom block. Basement The basement level of the classroom block is largely concealed, but two small rectangular pairs of windows and a sign for notices are located at the southwest corner. (Photo 2) The brick walls are laid in a modified common bond pattern, with a rowlock course, which emphasizes the horizontal orientation of the base of the building. Most of the basement level on this elevation is concealed by a raised concrete platform, painted white with round black railings. Steps extend from each end of this platform to the street level sidewalk and from the platform to the entry doors. (Photo 2) The platform was added after 1939, is located below the main doors and does not impede the view of the front elevation. (Figure 11, Photo 2) The concrete foundation is district maintenance staff. The project was federally funded and the windows were made by Quaker Windows, located nearby in Freeburg, Missouri. The U.S. Department of Energy has promoted energy efficiency through window replacement for decades. The Missouri Division of Energy has since 1989 distributed federal funds to provide over $115 million in loans to schools and other government agencies for energy efficiency projects including window replacement. https:Hdnr.mo.gov/news/newsitem/uuid/57c0eb9f-2335-42a3-9678-8d5d8l6edcl b NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 5 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 visible at the east end of the basement level. A sloped cast stone belt course separates the basement from the first floor, located at the base of the two first floor entrances. First Floor Two of the school's four historic entrances are located on this level. These entrances are located in two forward projecting pavilions, each with a pair of entry doors and transoms having a cast stone surround with the name Junior High School inscribed above the entry. (Photo 4) The corners of the pavilions are stepped, having two pairs of almost triangular cast stone shoulder ornaments, bracketing the area above the doors. (Photos 2 and 4) Between the doors, on a wide central pavilion that extends forward from the south wall are two sets of windows, each set having five rectangular windows and a red fabric awning. These windows are currently boarded due to tornado damage. To either side of the central pavilion the walls are blind, except for one small window on the west on the first -floor level. This window is paired with a blind rectangle of the same size, apparently for symmetry. (Photo 2) Brick on the first floor level is laid in a common bond pattern with a Flemish bond course. Second Floor Between the first and second floor are a pair of windows over the entrances, with a cast stone surround topped by a shield shaped emblem. (Photo 4) On the second floor between the entry pavilions on the wide central pavilion are two sets of windows, each set having five rectangular windows. These windows are currently boarded, as they are damaged. To either side of the central pavilion the walls are blind. The second floor's brick wall is laid in a common bond pattern with a Flemish bond course. Third Floor Located on the entry pavilions between the second and third floors are two smaller pairs of windows. (Photos 2 and 3) Above these windows is a second cast stone belt course, extending across the south facade. The entry pavilions terminate a short distance above the belt course, topped by a thin course of cast stone. On the third floor between the entry pavilions on the wide central pavilion are two sets of windows, each set having five rectangular windows. These windows are currently boarded, as they are damaged. To either side of these windows, above each of the entry pavilions, there are a pair of rectangular windows. On both sides of the central pavilion the walls are blind, but near the top of both outer wall sections there is a horizontal rectangle of raised brick with small square cast stone corners. A third cast stone belt course tops the third floor windows, extending across the entire wall. The parapet on this elevation is covered by the temporary roof as parts were damaged, but it historically had a castellated edge. Brick on the third floor level is laid in a common bond pattern with a Flemish bond course. Classroom Block - East Elevation (Photo 5, Figure 19) The east elevation is almost all windows, with the south half of the wall dating to 1939 and the north half of the wall built in 1914. The division between the sections is clear, as the 1939 wall projects forward slightly from the 1914 section and the 1939 section has four levels while the 1914 section has only three. Basement NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 6 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 The brick on the basement level is laid in a modified common bond pattern with a rowlock course. (Photos 5 and 6) In the south section of the basement level the concrete foundation is visible, partially obscured by air conditioning units, an electrical box and a square concrete walled area. A pair of windows and a single metal door topped by a louvered vent complete this half of the basement level. The north side of the basement level has three bays, each having two pairs of windows all the same height and width and aligned horizontally. In the southern bay, both pairs of windows each have window air conditioner units in the middle of the left window. In the central bay, a large exhaust vent is located in the top of the left window. All windows on the basement level have cast stone sills and rowlock bricks above the windows. A sloped cast stone belt course divides this level from the first floor above. First Floor There are three bays in each addition, for a total of six bays. Brick on the first floor level is laid in a common bond pattern with a Flemish bond course. (Photo 5) The southern addition from 1939 has three bays, with the two southern bays each having a group of six adjoining windows. The first bay is completely boarded while the second bay has only one window boarded. The third or northern bay in this addition has a group of three windows and a pair of windows. The northern half of the first floor has three bays, with the first and third bays each having a set of five connected windows. The second bay has two pairs of windows. The bays are divided by flat brick pilasters that extend slightly forward of the rest of the wall. All windows on this floor have cast stone sills and are topped by rowlock bricks. Second Floor Each addition has three bays on this level, for a total of six bays. The pattern of windows on the second floor is similar to those on the first floor. In the 1939 addition, the first and second bays each have a set of six windows. Three windows are boarded in the first group and one window is boarded in the second bay. (Photos 5 and 6) The third bay has a single window on either side of a pair of windows. The 1914 addition on the northern half of the wall also has three bays, with window groupings matching those on the first floor, sets of five windows in the first and third bays with two pairs of windows in the second bay. The sections are divided by flat brick pilasters as on the first floor. All of these windows have cast stone sills. Windows in the 1939 addition or on the southern half of the wall have rowlock bricks above the windows while the windows in the 1914 addition or on the northern half of the wall abut the cast stone belt course that extends across the entire wall. A common bond brick pattern with a Flemish bond course continues on the second floor. Third Floor Only the 1939 addition or the southern half of the east elevation has a third floor. (Photos 5 and 6, Figure 9) All three bays have groups of six connected windows, equally spaced. The windows have cast stone sills but abut a cast stone belt course at the top. The parapet above these windows is covered by temporary roofing material and is not visible. A brick chimney is visible near the middle of this wall, on the south or 1939 portion, set back from the east wall. On the 1914 addition or the north half of the wall, there is no third floor but the wall continues to the parapet. Rectangular cast stone panels that slope from bottom to top are located above the brick pilasters at the top of the belt course. The parapet on the northern half of the wall is visible, exhibiting castellations. The third floor walls have a common bond brick pattern with a Flemish bond course. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 7 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 Classroom Block — North Elevation (Photos 6 and 7) The north elevation is the oldest extant section, which dates to 1914 and is three stories tall, built of medium to dark reddish brown brick with a flat roof. (Figure 9) The symmetrical fagade and decorated parapets around the flat roof are one of the school's distinguishing Progressive Era features. Built in the Late 19th and Early 20th Century Revival styles typical of schools from this period, this elevation's design features numerous rectangular forms. Basement The north elevation of the 1914 addition consists of seven bays, the first and last of which project from the rest of the wall about eight feet. (Figure 9, Photos 6 and 7) These outer bays or pavilions are laid in a modified common bond pattern with a rowlock course, emphasizing the horizontal nature of the building's base. The second and sixth bays have the same modified common bond pattern as the outer bays. A raised concrete terrace is located between the outer bays, having steps to the ground level in front of the second and sixth bays and concrete ramps in between. The third, fourth and fifth bays are separated by brick pilasters. From left to right, the basement level contains a modern tri -part window. The second bay projects slightly from the center section and contains an entrance with an elaborate cast stone entry surround, the name Ernst Simonsen High School incised above the double doors with transom. (Photo 8) The third, fourth and fifth bays have brick laid in a common bond pattern with a Flemish bond course, each with an evenly spaced pair of vertically oriented windows with cast stone sills. All windows on this elevation have soldier course bricks above the windows. The sixth bay has an entrance matching the one found in the second bay. The seventh bay has an area of recessed brick with cast stone squares in the corners and a cast stone sill, matching the size of the tri -part window on the first bay. A cast stone belt course separates this level from the one above, extending across the full facade. First and Second Floors The first and second floors of the north elevation are identical and also have seven bays, with the outer bays having a two-story tall vertically oriented rectangular panel outlined by brickwork, topped by a central rectangular cast stone panel. (Figure 9) Above the belt course that divides the basement and first floor the brick is laid in a common bond pattern with a Flemish bond course. The second and sixth bays have a pair of windows aligned with the entries below. These are horizontally aligned with the sets of four windows found in the third, fourth and fifth bays, with brickwork outlining horizontal rectangles below each group of four windows. (Photo 7) All windows on this floor have cast stone sills. In between and outside these central three sets of windows are flat brick pilasters that extend slightly forward of the rest of the wall. The pilasters outside the windows are about half the width of the pilasters between the windows. Above the second floor windows is a second sloped cast stone belt course, across both pavilions and the central windows. Decorations above the top belt course include cast stone cartouches above the paired windows and rectangular cast stone panels above the pilasters that slant backwards, being thicker at the belt course than they are at the top. The cast stone panels above the narrower outer pilasters match the width of the pilasters, being about half the width of those in the center of the wall. The edge of the parapet above the flat roof is castellated, even on the outer pavilions. A section of the castellated portion in the center of this elevation was damaged by the tornado. The top of a chimney can be seen, set back from this elevation on the east side. (Photos 6 and 7) NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 8 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Classroom Block — West Elevation (Photos 1 and 7) OMB No. 1024-001 Basement Some of the lower portions of the west side of the classroom block are obscured by the 1992 additions. (Figure 9) On the visible portion, the brick wall is laid in a modified common bond pattern with a rowlock course. In the 1914 classroom block, there are three bays and a bit of concrete foundation is visible on the northwest corner. Three windows (a pair and a single window) are visible in the first or north bay on the basement level. (Photo 7) The rest of the basement level is covered by the north 1992 addition. A sloped cast stone belt course separates the basement from the first floor level of this classroom block. The basement level of the 1939 classroom block is not visible on this elevation. Ground Floor Windows on the ground floor of the 1939 classroom block are covered by the south 1992 addition. (Figure 9, Photo 7) First Floor The first floor of the 1914 classroom block has three bays separated by brick pilasters. (Figure 9, Photo 7) Two of these bays are visible from the ground on the west elevation, the first bay having a group of five windows, then two pairs of windows in the second bay. The third bay with five windows is not covered by the addition but it is difficult to see over the top of the newer addition. (Photo 7) There are three bays on the 1939 classroom block, the windows in the first and second bays from left to right are not clearly visible from the ground. (Photo 1) The first bay has a pair of windows and another single window and the second bay has a group of six windows. The third bay is somewhat visible from the ground, having a single window, a pair of windows and another single window. (Photo 1) All windows on this level have cast stone sills and rowlock bricks at the top. The brick wall is laid in a common bond pattern with a Flemish bond course. Second Floor The second floor of the 1914 classroom block has three bays, separated by two flat brick pilasters. (Figures 8 and 9, Photo 7) The first and third bays have five windows, with two pairs of windows in the second bay. All windows have cast stone sills. The tops of these windows abut a cast stone belt course that extends across this elevation. The second floor in the 1939 classroom block has three bays. (Photo 1) The first or northern bay has a single window, pair of windows and another single window. The second and third bays have six adjoining windows each. Only four windows in these three groups of windows are boarded, all having cast stone sills and rowlock brick above. The belt course from the 1914 section continues above these windows. Third Floor Only the 1939 addition has a third floor, with three bays having six windows each. (Figures 8 and 9, Photo 1) All but two windows in the first and second bays are boarded, while the third bay has only one window boarded. All windows have cast stone sills and abut a cast stone belt NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 9 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 course that extends across this section of the west elevation. The parapet on this section is covered by the temporary roof but appears to be largely intact. The tall parapet area on the 1914 classroom block has two rectangular cast stone panels above the brick pilasters that slant backwards, being thicker at the belt course than they are at the top and match the width of the pilasters. (Photo 7) The castellated parapet in this area is clearly visible. Gymnasium — South Elevation (Photo 1) The gymnasium was built in 1939 of medium to dark reddish brown brick matching the classroom block, with a flat roof. (Figure 8, Photo 1) The brick walls are laid in a common bond pattern with a Flemish bond course. The ground floor extends two stories in height. Basement Part of the basement is visible on the south elevation of the gymnasium, obscured on the east end by the paved area between the school and E. Miller Street. (Figure 8, Photo 1) Round black railings separate this ground from a walkway below, where there are four bays. The first three bays from left to right have a set of triple windows and the fourth bay has a pair of windows. All basement windows align with the ground floor windows above. Rowlock bricks top these windows. A single metal door is located between the second and third bays. A wide set of concrete stairs bridges the walkway in the first bay, connecting the paved area to an entry on the ground floor. A sloped cast stone belt course separates the basement from the ground floor level. Ground Floor Double metal doors in the first bay on the west end of the ground floor are located at the top of the concrete stairs leading from the ground below. 8 (Figure 8, Photo 1) Rowlock bricks top these doors. Above these doors there are four bays, each with a large window. The bays are symmetrically arranged with a wider space in between the second and third bays. The windows have cast stone sills and rowlock bricks at the top. The window openings are covered by light tan or white solid panels. These windows appear to have solid white panels in a photo from 1939, with wide mullions dividing each space into nine spaces with the three on the bottom row being taller. (Figure 11) Nearly centered in the central space, close to the bottom edge of the windows is a small square light colored panel. A cast stone belt course separates these windows from the parapet area above. The castellations are visible on this elevation, although the temporary roof laps over the top edge of the parapet. Gymnasium — West Elevation (Photo 9) Basement The gymnasium's basement level has six bays evenly spaced across this elevation, each with an almost square window. (Figure 9, Photo 9) All of these windows are covered with plywood. Two downspouts are located between the first and second bays and between the fifth and sixth bays. All of the windows have cast stone sills and rowlock bricks above. A small square opening with a dark louvered vent is located near the top left corner of the fifth window, venting the spray paint booth in the basement. A cast stone belt course above the windows extends across this elevation. 8 These doors and concrete stairs date to 1954, based on plans given to the current owners. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 10 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 Ground Floor The gymnasium's ground floor level has six bays, evenly spaced across this elevation, all having a tall window, currently boarded. (Figure 9, Photo 9) Two downspouts are located between the first and second bays and between the fifth and sixth bays. All of the windows have cast stone sills and rowlock bricks above. A cast stone belt course separates the windows from the parapet area above. The castellated parapet is mostly visible under the temporary roof, appearing to be largely undamaged by the tornado. Gymnasium — North Elevation (Photo 7) Basement The north elevation's basement level has four bays, with a single metal door located between the second and third bays and an air conditioning unit to the east below the windows in the first and second bays. (Figure 9, Photo 7) These windows are in groups of three windows each and are shorter than those in the third and fourth bays, which are west of the door. Windows in the first bay have a dark colored louvered vent in the first window, the other two windows are boarded. The third and fourth bays each have a set of three windows, aligned with the ground floor windows. Windows in the third and fourth bays are now boarded. A cast stone belt course separates the basement from the ground level. Ground Floor The ground floor has four bays, with wider spacing between the second and third bays. (Figure 9, Photo 7) Windows in each bay are visible, not being boarded. These window sets are groups of nine windows each, having two rows of three slightly rectangular windows all the same size with the three windows on the bottom row being a bit taller. A second belt course separates the ground floor windows from the parapet area, which has castellations, some being covered by the temporary roof. Gymnasium — East Elevation (Photos 3 and 7) The east elevation of the gymnasium is not readily visible from the ground due to the presence of the 1992 additions. 1992 Additions (Photos 1 and 7) With passage of the federal Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in July 1990,9 the numerous stairs at Simonsen's entrances presented a legal problem. This problem was addressed by adding a grade level accessible entrance on the south side and installing an elevator. (Figures 8 and 21) The 1992 additions replaced classroom trailers that were located on the south and north sides between the main classroom block and the gymnasium. 10 The 1992 blueprints indicate that prior to construction the ground on the south side was covered by concrete. The additions were placed to the north and south of the former connector hallway between the gymnasium and the classroom block. Before these additions were made, the primary entrance 9 "Information and Technical Assistance on the Americans with Disabilities Act," United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division, Accessed October 20, 2020. https://www.ada.gov/ada intro.htm#:—:text=The%20Americans%20with%2ODisabilities%2OAct,Bush. 11 Interview by Jane Beetem with former Simonsen School student Jon Beetem, October 14, 2020. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 11 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 was in the southwest corner of the main classroom block, with school offices inside the entry." This entrance remains in use, but the offices were relocated to the south addition. (Photo 2, Figures 16 and 24) These additions do not completely obscure previous sections of the building and are small in scale compared to the size of the rest of the building. The scale of the additions is such that they do not overwhelm or obscure the original design and do not impair or cover any significant or character defining features. The additions were constructed in locations that resulted in minimal impact to the original building, are only one story in height and share similarities with the original classroom block designs' shape, scale, use of flat roofs and ornamentation. (Figures 8 and 9; Photos 1 and 7) The additions are clad in light tan or white stucco, and this material differentiates them from earlier sections of the building. The stucco walls are fairly plain, scored with horizontal and vertical lines to mimic the rectangular forms found on the classroom block. Previously existing character defining features on the classroom block and gymnasium remain as they were. The additions do not add any false sense of history, rather they reflect the building's function as a school that continually evolved and developed from 1914 — 1992. During construction of the additions, care was taken to protect the building from damage. On the 1992 blueprints, notes indicate "Existing composite masonry wall to remain to greatest extent possible" and "Existing masonry wall to remain. Protect during construction." These blueprints also indicate that prior to construction a concrete walk extended from the north entrance, surrounded by grass, so no outbuildings or significant landscape features were impacted by construction. 1992 Additions — South Addition (Photo 1) The south addition abuts the 1939 classroom block on the east side and the gymnasium on the west elevation. This addition holds the main entry and administrative offices. Ground Floor— South Elevation This addition was built on a concrete slab, so only has a ground floor level. Simonsen School's current main entrance is on the south 1992 addition, facing E. Miller Street. (Photos 1 and 2) The front wall of this addition is recessed several feet from the front wall of the classroom block. This addition does not completely obscure previous sections of the building and is small in scale compared to the size of the rest of the building. (Figure 8; Photos 1 and 3) The one-story flat roof addition is clad in light tan or white stucco, scored to form rectangular panels. The flat roof has simple parapets. The parapet edges have a raised band covered in stucco, mimicking the school's use of parapets at the roofline. The double door entrance with transom is recessed several more feet beyond the addition's front wall, located on the east end of the addition. Above the entrance the wall's parapet has a low gable peak containing an incised semi -circular arch in the stucco. An inset panel near the top, centered between the gable and the west end of the addition, features the name "Simonsen 9th Grade Center" in raised brown letters. A raised belt course, covered in stucco, extends across the fagade below the name. There is one small window centered under the name, which is boarded. Ground Floor— West Elevation 11 Beetem interview with Jon Beetem. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 12 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 The west elevation of the south addition is fairly plain, having the same light tan or white stucco finish and horizontal and vertical markings as on the south. (Photo 1) The raised parapet edge and belt course on the south elevation continue across the west elevation. Two single pane tinted windows match the window on the front. These were not boarded when the photographs were taken but are now, as are all windows that are accessible from the ground. 1992 Additions — North Addition (Photo 7) The north addition abuts the gymnasium on the east end of the north elevation and the 1914 classroom block on the east end of the west elevation. The north elevation of the addition is recessed from the north wall of the 1914 classroom block. The north addition was built to hold locker rooms for boys and girls adjacent to the gymnasium. Basement — West Elevation The basement level features a single metal door in the center. The walls have the same scored stucco as the rest of the 1992 additions. (Figure 9, Photo 7) Ground Floor - West Elevation The ground floor of this elevation has no windows or doors, only scored stucco walls and a stucco belt course and parapet matching the south addition. (Figure 9, Photo 7) Basement — North Elevation The grade slopes to the northwest beneath this addition, making this elevation taller at the west end. (Figure 9, Photo 7) The walls of this elevation are fairly plain, with horizontal and vertical lines creating a horizontal band and six vertical divisions, the second and fifth sections being narrower than the rest. Where the fifth vertical section and lower band intersect is a single window. This horizontally oriented rectangular window is in the lower right corner, fitted with dark colored horizontal louvers. Ground Floor— North Elevation The stucco walls on the ground floor are scored with horizontal and vertical lines matching the basement level. (Figure 9, Photo 7) A simulated parapet and belt course are located at the top of this elevation, with the name Simonsen 9th Grade Center in raised letters between the parapet and the belt course. Interior Descriptions NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 13 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen's interior reflects its continued use as a public school until 2019; the floor plan remains largely the same as originally constructed in 1914 and 1939.12 There have been some alterations and updates, but these do not compromise the school's integrity. Renovation and relocation of bathrooms, installation of fire doors and rearrangement of a few partitions within the classrooms are the most common alterations. Following the Progressive Era's focus on fire safety, the school was built to be as fire -proof as possible. Fire protection is provided by clay tile or steel frame plaster covered walls, concrete floors and structural columns, 13 limited wood trim, metal stair railings and wide corridors and stairs designed to facilitate egress during a fire. The rooms have non -historic composite tile floors (except for wood floors in the music room, library check-out area and stage) and grid ceilings with fluorescent lights. Many of the acoustical tiles were removed following the tornado due to water damage. A number of classrooms retain their historic wood multi -pane glass doors. (Photos 20 and 21) Basement (Figures 14, 15 and 22) Two of Simonsen School's four historic entries lead to the basement level, and short sets of stairs lead to the basement from the ground floor. The two entries on the north elevation lead to wide metal stairways. The western stairway opens onto a corridor extending south, with three classrooms on the right or west side. On the left or east side of this corridor is the art room, equipped with built-in storage for art projects. (Photo 13) This corridor and the eastern stairway provide access to the dining room areas. East of the dining rooms are a serving area and kitchen, with restrooms, a boiler room and mechanical room south of the kitchen. The remainder of the space under the 1939 addition was never excavated. Returning to the west corridor, a short set of steps leads to a hallway (hallway shown on Existing Ground Floor Plan, Figure 23) that connects to a short set of steps down to the remainder of the basement, located under the gymnasium and north 1992 addition. On the right side of the corridor a door leads to the equipment room, located under the entire 1992 north addition. The corridor jogs to the left, with the pump room door on the left. A supply closet door is at the end of the corridor, which then jogs right. The first door on the right opens onto the Energy / Power room, the former boys locker room. This room retains the historic polished concrete floor and glazed tile on the outer walls, but partitions on the west and south walls for a drying room, ball room, office, storage, training room, bathroom and showers have been removed and partitions installed on the north and east walls for tools and storage. Down the corridor past the energy room is the Materials / Processing room, formerly the wood working shop. This room has changed little, retaining the glazed tile on the outer walls. At the southwest corner of this room is a small office, adjacent to two small rooms on the west wall that were built as a paint spray booth with a vent to the exterior and a finishing room, most recently used for video production. The room at the southwest corner most recently served as the drafting / communications room, carrying on the vocational training purpose as when originally built as the electrical shop and drafting room. Polished concrete floors remain in these rooms from the date of construction. In the southeast corner of this part of the basement is the weight room and restrooms. Previously this was the girls locker room. The concrete floor remains in this area, 12 Location of classrooms and construction details were obtained from the 1939 drawings created by Felt & Kriehn Architects and from 2020 drawings by Ebersoldt + Associates. Not all drawing sheets are provided in the figures. 11 Paul Hohmann email, February 16, 2021. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 14 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 with one restroom located in the previous girls toilet and the second restroom in a former office within the locker room. The locker rooms historically located in this area provided drinking water fountains, showers and restrooms typical of the Progressive Era emphasis on hygiene. The polished concrete floors and glazed tile that remain illustrate the Progressive Era's emphasis on sanitation. Ground Floor (Fiqures 14, 22 and 23) Simonsen School's current main entrance is on the south side, through the south 1992 addition. (Figure 23) This at grade accessible main entrance opens onto a hallway, with a glass wall on the west side looking into the principal's office, vice principal's offices, secretary's and attendance check-in / reception area, a vault, conference room, copy / break room, nurse's office and exam room and disciplinary holding area. This area is accessed after passing through a set of three glass doors across the hallway, through a door on the left side of the hallway. Opposite this door on the right side of the hallway is a door to a set of counselor offices, with a small conference room. Further down the hallway on the right is a door to the teachers lounge. On the left side of this hallway are a pair of decorative brackets that had previously been hidden by the dropped ceiling. (Photo 18) The entry hall terminates at a wider foyer that was the historic connector between the gymnasium and the classroom block. (Figure 23) This foyer has a set of steps in the northeast corner to the gymnasium basement and is lined on the north and south sides with closets for electrical, equipment and other storage. In 1939 this area had more stairs and partitions and two ticket booths. (Figure 15) At the west end of the foyer are two pairs of historic doors leading to the gymnasium. (Figures 15 and 23) This area remains much as when it was built, a full two stories tall with glazed tile walls (the upper portion of the tile has been painted), tall windows, 14 a folding partition to separate the space into boys and girls gyms and a wooden floor. Approximately one third of the wood floor has been removed due to water damage following the tornado. (Photo 14) North of the foyer are the locker rooms, boys on the left and girls on the right, with treatment rooms, offices and storage between the locker rooms from the foyer. Going east from the foyer into the classroom block is a small hallway with stairs to the dining rooms below and small rooms on the south side of the hall that were previously restrooms. The layout in this hallway area is unchanged. First Floor (Figures 16 and 24) The first floor is defined by wide, double -loaded corridors around the central auditorium, surrounding the auditorium on four sides. Wide metal staircases connect to the north and south corners of the corridors. The stairs retain their original metal handrails. (Photo 19) Additional stairs near the center of the building connect the ground floor and first floor. A circa 1992 elevator in the middle of the west corridor connects the basement through third floors. Finishes on this floor include plaster walls, tile floors and grid ceilings, with numerous historic doors. Rows of metal lockers are located on all four corridors on the first floor. 14 These windows appear dark on the exterior, shown in Photo 7. Yet from the inside, shown in Photo 14, the glass is clear. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 15 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 The first floor is described as if traveling through the corridors in a clockwise fashion starting in the northwest corner of the classroom block and heading through the north corridor. Entering the first floor from the basement level entry in the northwest corner of the classroom block, through the stairs to the west corridor, the north corridor is on the left. The first room on the left is the music room, with two doors from the hallway to the center of the room. Part of the 1914 addition, this room's tiered wood floor dates to at least 1939 and illustrates the Progressive Era's specialized rooms geared toward student interests. The first door on the right of the north corridor is to one of two small practice rooms, followed by a double historic wood door to the rear of the stage, then another practice room door. Where the north corridor meets the east corridor, there are stairs to the northeast basement entry and a science classroom in the northeast corner of this floor. A small prep room is located between this classroom and another science classroom to the south. Classrooms are approximately 20 feet wide and 28 feet long, with 12 foot tall ceilings in the 1939 section, slightly taller in the 1914 section. The science classrooms on this floor have built-in modern cabinets on at least two walls, three in most rooms and all have ventilation hoods. Blackboards have been covered by a thin whiteboard overlay in most classrooms, leaving the original slate below. Many rooms retain their historic blackboard frames and chalk trays. (Photo 22) Classroom ventilation outlets are located in the grid ceiling, and audio-visual connections hang from a number of ceilings, disconnected from any projection devices. (Photo 17) The stage and auditorium are located in the center of the building, with access to all four corridors. Continuing south down the east corridor there is a pair of doors on the right to the front corner of the auditorium, by the front edge of the stage. The stage is on the north end of the auditorium and retains its historic wood floor, curtains and lights. (Photo 11) Historic wooden seating arranged in curved rows fills the auditorium, gradually elevating from the stage to the rear of the auditorium. (Photo 10) Vertical acoustical panels are located at the rear of the auditorium, on the side and south walls. Two pairs of multi -pane historic doors open from the rear of the auditorium to the south corridor. A curved balcony on the second floor level of the auditorium has historic seating on three sides. Sleek metal light fixtures from 1939 hang from the ceiling. (Photo 10) Returning to the east corridor, there is a girls restroom on the left, the only one that retains its glazed tile walls and terrazzo floor, illustrating the Progressive Era emphasis on sanitation. (Figure 24) Just outside the restroom is a row of drinking water fountains. While the equipment has been updated, there were drinking water fountains in the same locations throughout the school in 1939, a huge improvement from the previous shared water cup. (Figures 14 — 18 and 24 — 26) Two more science classrooms are located along the east wall with a prep room in between them. Two single doors on the right lead to a ticket booth and to the rear of the auditorium. At the end of the east corridor is a set of stairs that lead to the historic southeast entry. Everything that has been discussed this far on the first floor retains the same floor plan as it had when completed in 1939. (Existing floor plans show unchanged areas in color, Figures 22 —26.) The south corridor has two pairs of historic doors on the right leading to the rear of the auditorium. On the left there is a science classroom and a prep room. Originally these were two classrooms of equal size, but the interior partition has been shifted to allow for a larger classroom, a change not evident from the corridor. Past the prep room is a stairway on the left, NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 16 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 leading to the historic southwest entry, originally the main entry before the 1992 addition. While this served as the main entry, the administrative offices were located to your left along the west corridor upon entry. These included the principal and secretary's office, a vault, reception, work and store rooms, plus a large medical suite with space for doctor's and nurse's offices, separate waiting rooms for boys and girls, girls restroom, men's restroom and boys restroom. The large space allotted for the medical suite demonstrated the serious health concerns school administrators faced in the Progressive Era. After relocation of the main entry in 1992, the administrative offices were relocated and a speech therapy room was placed in the former principal's office, retaining the vault. Two other offices fill this space in the southwest corner. Continuing down the west corridor from these offices, there are two doors on the right, one to a ticket booth and one leading to the rear of the auditorium. Next on the left are boys restrooms with drinking water fountains on the west side of the hallway. A set of stairs on the left just past the restrooms retains a tall painted wooden expandable gate at the top of the stairs, presumably to keep students from entering the first floor too early in the morning. (Photo 20) On the right side of the hallway is the elevator, followed by a set of double doors entering the front corner of the auditorium by the front of the stage. On the left side of the hallway extending to the north wall are five classrooms. Originally this area held two classrooms with a music office and library in the middle. The hallway has been angled to the northwest to provide access to the two corner classrooms. Second Floor (Figures 17 and 25) The layout of the second floor has largely been retained, defined by wide, double -loaded corridors around the central auditorium's balcony. The corridors surround the auditorium space on the west, south and east with rows of metal lockers lining all three corridors. (Photo 21) Finishes in this floor include plaster walls, tile floors and grid ceilings, with numerous historic doors. Wide metal staircases connect to the north and south corners of the corridors. (Photo 19) As on the first floor, classrooms are approximately 20 feet wide and 28 feet long, with 12 foot tall ceilings in the 1939 section, slightly taller in the 1914 section. Blackboards have been covered with a thin layer of whiteboard in all classrooms, leaving the historic slate below and often the historic frame and chalk tray remain. (Photo 22) Entering the second floor from the stairs in the northwest corner of the classroom block, into the west corridor, double doors on the left open into the library. On the left or west wall of the library there is an elevated area with a wood floor and wood paneled work counter in front that served as the library's check-out area. At the north end of the check-out area is a narrow stairway to the former teachers lounge. Tall windows along the north wall illuminate the library, a large open space dating to 1914 that extends to the stair at the northeast corner of this floor. This space remains unchanged. Returning to the northwest corner of the classroom block and moving south through the west corridor there are three classrooms, most recently used for English classes, the same as their historic use in 1939. Past the library on the left a door opens onto a practice room, located in the upper corner of the stage area. The west corridor then slopes toward the south, with a storage closet and elevator on the left. A janitor's closet on the right is followed by drinking water fountains and boys restrooms. To the left double doors open onto the auditorium's balcony, with the center space above the auditorium being open. (Photo 10) The upper most rows of the balcony were partitioned in order to create lecture halls accessed from the third floor NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 17 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 south corridor in 1992. (Figures 17, 25 and 26) On the right, extending to the southwest corner of this floor are two English classrooms. The classroom next to the restrooms used to have a stage and small dressing room, to allow for public speaking and theatrical productions. At the end of the west corridor is the southwest stairwell. Turning into the south corridor there are two classrooms on the right, along the south wall. These are followed by the southeast stairwell of the classroom block. At the southern most end of the east corridor there are two classrooms, used most recently for World Studies. These were part of a four classroom home economics suite, and housed the Living and Dining Room, with a fireplace flanked by built-in bookcases, a full bath with shower and a Home Arts room with two built-in ironing boards, a stove and sink. North of these classrooms near the middle of the east corridor are the girls restrooms with drinking water fountains in the hallway. Past the lockers on the left is a door to the front corner of the balcony. A slight corridor incline leads to a door on the left to a practice room and on the right to Home Economics. This room has built-in cabinets on two walls and is equipped with four stoves, five sinks, a refrigerator and large pantry. Double doors on the left lead into the east side of the library, the northwest stairwell is straight ahead, and a World Studies classroom is located in the northeast corner of this floor. This classroom used to be a Clothing Lab. This floor retains its historic layout and expresses the corridor design and specialized classrooms typical of the Progressive Era. Third Floor (Figures 18 and 26) The third floor is located in the 1939 section only, with corridors wrapping around the auditorium below on three sides. Metal lockers line the three corridors and a number of historic doors are extant. Classrooms on this floor are approximately 20 feet wide and 28 feet long, with 12 foot tall ceilings. The 1939 drawings indicate this floor historically had asphalt tile floors. (Figure 18) Entering the third floor from the southeast corner stairway into the east corridor, there are three Math classrooms along the east wall which remain unchanged. The east corridor has a math prep room and storage room at the northern end. The storage room was historically a girls restroom. (Figure 18) Returning to the stairs in the southeast corner and accessing the south corridor there are three lecture rooms on the right or north side, which were added when the rear portion of the balcony was partitioned in 1992, retaining the historic doors. (Photo 21) There are a storage closet and two Math classrooms on the left or south side of the south corridor. A second storage closet is located by the northwest stairway at the end of the south corridor. This south side of the south corridor remains unchanged. Continuing down the west corridor the three historic classrooms have been slightly rearranged. Originally built as three classrooms of equal size, the first classroom on the left is now the largest, used for a Business classroom. Next to this room on the north is a workroom with small men's and women's restrooms. The third classroom was used for Students at Risk and incorporated part of the space from a former boys' restroom that was removed from the north end of the west corridor. Access to the elevator is at the end of the west corridor, located on the east side. The space above the auditorium is in the center of this floor, with no access from the third floor. (Photo 10) Integrity Simonsen School retains sufficient architectural integrity to convey its historic function as a Progressive Era school and its period of construction. The school retains its historic location and setting. Simonsen School retains its historic design, with its rectangular form, horizontal massing and roof form as well as the symmetrical exterior with historic materials, detailing, and NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 18 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 fenestration patterns. The interior configuration of wide corridors, stairwells and classrooms surrounding a central auditorium remains. These design features provide association with the school's use as an educational facility. Setting Still in its original location and setting, the Simonsen School retains a prominent position in the neighborhood, high above much of its surroundings. The property has experienced few alterations, retaining its large grassy spaces. An adjacent parking area was enlarged after 1960, so is non-contributing, but does not change the setting significantly. One historic walkway remains, crossing the property from east to west. Modern paving is limited in size and scale. Changes within the nomination boundary have been small in scale and low to the ground, so do not significantly alter views of or from the building. Outside the boundary, the school is largely isolated from its surroundings on the west, north and east due to its significantly higher elevation. The Hobo Hill Historic District remains south of the school. The few changes since construction was completed do not significantly alter the view of or from the school. Exterior The school's design, materials and workmanship exhibit both the late nineteenth and early twentieth revival style and Progressive Era design features typical of schools built during this period. On the exterior, the school retains its historic rectangular shapes, horizontal massing, flat roof, crenallated parapets, cast stone belt courses and masonry cladding. While the window sash are replacements (this is a common alteration for schools from this period nationwide and for all of Jefferson City's schools from the Progressive Era), the original fenestration pattern within the historic masonry openings remains extant and this change does not compromise the integrity of the exterior fagade. Two small stuccoed additions do not obscure the main classroom block or any character defining features and are recessed from the main elevations. These additions continue the rectangular shape and flat roof of the original school and do not compromise the integrity of the school's exterior. The classroom block's north and south parapets, the roof and much of the window glass was damaged in 2019 by a tornado, but the building remains structurally sound. Interior The interior's historic corridor configuration, wrapping around the central auditorium, remains the defining feature of the school's interior, with light filled classrooms lining the perimeter of the first, second and third floors. The majority of the classrooms retain their historic shape, size and features, including plaster walls, built-in cabinets and wood window and door trim. (Photo 16) Historic blackboards remain in many rooms throughout the building, often with historic wood frames and chalk trays, although a thin whiteboard overlay covers some of the slate. (Photo 22) Many rooms retain their historic wood doors. The auditorium is extant, retaining its full volume with wood floored stage, historic seating and sleek metal ceiling lights. The gymnasium retains its full volume, glazed tile walls and over half of its original wood floor. The music room retains its three tiered wood floor, and the library retains its wood floored check out area. While a few of the interior spaces have been reconfigured and finishes upgraded, these changes reflect the continually evolving needs of a school and do not compromise its ability to convey its association with the Progressive Era. Fire doors have been added to enclose all stairways for fire protection. An elevator was added in a corner of the auditorium by the stage to NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 19 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 provide accessibility to all floors. A few partitions within classrooms were relocated to make rooms larger or smaller, and restrooms on the third floor were relocated. Finishes were updated in other bathrooms, while one bathroom retains its glazed tile walls and terrazzo floor. Administrative offices were relocated from the first floor to the ground floor, to be near the new main entrance for accessibility and security reasons. Locker rooms were relocated from the basement to the first floor, adjacent to the gymnasium. While the tiered floor was retained in the music room, the choral room was converted to a regular classroom. The historic four room home economics suite was reduced to a single classroom, removing built-in ironing boards and the living room features. The stage and dressing room was removed from the English lab on the second floor. Space provided for both a doctor and a nurse was reduced in size as health care became more easily accessible. Damage from the 2019 tornado resulted in loss of part of the gymnasium's floor and numerous ceiling tiles. These changes do not alter the ability to understand the school's historic design and function. Simonsen School continues to clearly exhibit its historic function and reflect the era of construction. The school retains feeling and association with other Jefferson City Progressive Era schools. The physical features of the school convey feelings and associations related to its historic function and the period when the school was constructed. l7' NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 20 Summary: OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) The Simonsen School at 501 E. Miller Street in Jefferson City, Cole County, Missouri is one of the most intact examples of the city's Progressive Era school construction. The property is locally significant under Criteria C in the area of Architecture. The periods of significance are 1914, when the first addition was made to the school and 1939, when the original 1905 common school was removed and the second addition completed. (Figures 6, 7 and 12) Unlike the earlier Common Schools, which focused on memorization and recitation, Progressive Era schools were designed to promote learning by doing and physical activity. Character defining elements of Progressive Era schools include an emphasis on fire safety with wide corridors and stairways and use of fireproof materials, improved sanitation and emphasis on health with large windows for light and ventilation. Specialized spaces in a Progressive Era school included an auditorium with stage, gymnasium and classrooms designed and equipped for vocational training and classes based on student interests such as music and art. Architectural designs for Progressive Era schools were promoted in plan books, typically schools of two to three stories with horizontal massing, a symmetrical fagade and often having a flat roof with detailed parapets, cast stone belt courses and restrained use of other details from one of the Late 19th and Early 20th Century Revival styles popular during the period. The 1914 addition was the first school in Jefferson City built using Progressive Era character defining features. The school's symmetrical north facade, horizontal massing and decorated parapets around the flat roof are the first features that identify it as a Progressive Era school. Other features included a masonry exterior and fireproof stairways, large windows for light and ventilation, a small gymnasium, music room, library, home economics classrooms, a kitchen and dining room. The 1939 addition continued the Progressive Era design, with increased emphasis on sanitation, continued fire protection measures, wide corridors and stairs, large windows plus additional vocational training classrooms, an auditorium and a larger gymnasium. Of the eight extant schools built in Jefferson City during the Progressive Era from 1900 to 1940 (of eleven total), Simonsen School is one of four that exhibit Progressive Era features. Two of these were elementary schools, which did not have cafeterias, gymnasiums or identifiable science and vocational training classrooms. Besides Simonsen School, the only other school constructed with a full set of Progressive Era features was the Senior High and Junior College, which has lost integrity. Simonsen School is one of a small number of Progressive Era schools in Jefferson City, has a higher number of characteristics typical of Progressive Era schools than most in the city and remains as one of the most intact examples from the period. Progressive Era Education The Progressive Era in education developed from a desire by reformers to improve society in a period of rapid technological change. The schools that preceded the Progressive Era are known as Common Schools. These schools were limited by a lack of books and other resources, teacher education and inferior school facilities. In the Progressive Era, reformers worked to address a number of society's ills by improving education. These included a lack of education (particularly for immigrants), juvenile delinquency, child labor, disease, unsanitary conditions, lack of hygiene and risk of fire in schools. The transition from Common School era, to Progressive era, to the Modern School era as well as the significance of the Progressive Era is described below. Common School Era NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 21 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Schools in use before the Progressive Era are described as Common Schools. Prior to the American Revolution, parents were responsible for their children's education, following a pattern established in England. During the nineteenth century education came to be recognized as a state responsibility, 15 but the lack of standardized curricula and educated teachers continued to result in wide differences in learning. Reformers such as Horace Mann in Massachusetts and Henry Barnard in Connecticut advocated for free public school for all children in the 1830s. The type of school that resulted is now known as the Common School. These schools were coeducational and were generally accepted by the late 1800s.16 In early and more rural schools, students were taught in one classroom. By the 1860s racially segregated Common Schools were mandated by law17 and students began to be divided into classes by age and educational level. 18 Common schools were publicly funded and governed by local school boards, generally teaching first through eighth grade. 19 Teachers in Common Schools relied on rote memorization and recitation '20 as they had few books and little training themselves. As America's economy became more complex, the need for more education increased and the movement to establish high school classes began during the late nineteenth century. Mass immigration strained school resources. Child labor laws and compulsory school attendance laws were passed, further increasing enrollments .21 Common Schools were typically designed for lower grade classes '22 as high schools did not come into use until around 1900, and teaching was by memorization and recitation. This meant Common Schools did not have specialized spaces for vocational training or classes addressing student interests in the arts or physical education needs. Elementary schools were neighborhood schools, with many schools allowing students to return home for lunch, so they may not have had kitchens or cafeterias. (In Jefferson City, cafeterias were added to East and West elementary schools in the 1950s.) Common Schools had some architectural similarities to Progressive Era schools, having symmetrical facades and central entries. The central entry was often near the single set of wooden stairs, as fire safety was not given as much consideration prior to the Progressive Era. The main architectural feature that differentiates a Common School from a Progressive Era school is the pattern of interior corridors. Jefferson City High School was constructed in 1905 as a Common School, where Simonsen School now stands. As shown in the Sanborn Map of 1908, this school had a single central corridor surrounded by four 15 "United States: History — Background," Accessed February 13, 2021. https://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/1627/United States HISTORY-BACKGROUND.html. 16 "Common School Movement: Colonial and Republican Schooling, Changes in the Antebellum Era, The Rise of the Common School," Accessed February 14, 2021. https://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/1871 /Common-School-Movement.htm1. 17 Ibid. 11 Elizabeth Rosin and Rachel Nugent, National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form, Historic Resources of the Kansas City Missouri School District Pre -1970 Jackson County, Missouri, August 20, 2012, F. 47. 19 "Common School Movement: Colonial and Republican Schooling, Changes in the Antebellum Era, The Rise of the Common School." 20 Rosin and Nugent, E. 16. 21 Sarah B. Patton and Sarah Mondale, School, The Story of American Public Education (Boston: Beacon Press, 2001), 63 — 64. Missouri's Compulsory Attendance Law passed in 1905. 22 "Educational Reforms," https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-ushistory/chapter/educational- reforms/ Accessed April 25, 2021. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 22 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) classrooms per level. (Figure 4) This short corridor and single stair is considerably smaller than the long, wide corridors and multiple stairways exhibited in Simonsen School. Another example of a Common School in Jefferson City was the first Central School. Located at Monroe and E. Miller Streets (where the Doubletree Hotel is now). Central School was a tall, vertically oriented three-story brick building with nine classrooms and a capacity of 600 students, operating as a public school from 1871 — 1910.23 (Figure 27) Progressive Era The Progressive Era saw a rise in social activism and political reform in America .24 Building on technological advances from the Industrial Revolution, which allowed society to shift from an economy based on agriculture to one based on industry, the Progressive Era has been described as starting as early as 1876 and extending as late as the 1958.25 While it is specific to Kansas City, a Multiple Property Document Form for Progressive Era schools was created in 2012. This document identifies the Progressive Era in Missouri as approximately 1900 to 1940 .26 People's lives during this period were continually transformed through changes in transportation 27 and other technology such as the availability of electricity and telephones. Such rapid change caused people to think that anything was possible, and reformers began to address a wide range of topics such as child labor, education, poverty, government corruption, alcohol abuse and women's suffrage. Waves of immigrants arriving in increasingly urbanized areas resulted in raising awareness of the need for education while the number of immigrants made previous small-scale approaches to charity inadequate. One response to the need for education were the Carnegie libraries, funded by Andrew Carnegie beginning in 1881 and ultimately resulting in over 1,600 libraries in the United States .28 Jefferson City's Carnegie Library was constructed in 1901,29 encouraging reading and providing the public access to information. Other examples of Progressive Era changes that impacted education were establishment of the Children's Bureau in 1912 so the federal government could track data related to birth rates, endangerment, accidents, disease and employment .30 As Progressive Era reformers sought to address social issues involving poverty, public health and child labor, education was viewed as one of the key tools in addressing these concerns. 23 Jerena East Giffen, House on Hobo Hill, (Jefferson City: Jefferson City Schools, 1964), 45. 24 Janie -Rice Brother, "Awakening and Building: A Look at the Progressive Era and Architecture Part 1" October 24, 2014, Accessed February 13, 2021. https://www.gardenstogables.com/awakening-and- building-a-look-at-the-progressive-era-and-architecture-part-1 /. 25 Lawrence A. Cremin, The Transformation of the School: Progressivism in American Education, 1876- 1957 (New York: Vintage Books, 1964) and Herbert M. Kliebard, The Struggle for the American Curriculum, 1893-1958 (Boston: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1986). 21 Rosin and Nugent, E.15. and F.48. 21 Jefferson City Post Tribune. "Autos Coming Fast." January 20, 1916. 21 Yael Friedman, "Carnegie's Gift: The Progressive Era Roots of Today's Branch Library," October 21, 2014, Accessed February 13, 2021. https://urbanomnibus.net/2014/carnegies-gift-the-progressive-era- roots-of-todays-branch-Iibra[y/ 29 ZHA, Inc., J. Dennis Wilson Associates, Historic Resources Survey, Jefferson City, Missouri, August, 1990. On file with Missouri DNR State Historic Preservation Office. 10 United States Social Security Administration, "Social Security Related Topics: The Children's Bureau," Accessed February 16, 2021. https://www.ssa.gov/history/childbl.html. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 23 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Modern Era After World War II, population increases and a booming economy encouraged local school districts to expand their school systems. Upgrades to existing schools were made, adding cafeterias and improving heating and ventilation systems. New schools embraced aesthetics from the Modern Movement, with long, low rectangular buildings having flat roofs, bands of windows and masonry cladding .31 Progressive Era School Design Education was viewed by Progressive Era reformers as a way to improve society's standard of living (teaching students marketable skills for successful careers), health conditions (screening for medical conditions, treatment and prevention of diseases) and levels of education and engagement by the public in promoting reforms. As reformers' ideas developed during the Progressive Era, the movement changed how students were taught and how their schools were designed. Changes during this era impacted both elementary and high schools, and eventually junior high schools as they developed. Initially there was no nationwide definition of a Progressive Era school, with a list of specific guidelines. Rather local school boards and their architects adopted one or more trends or recommendations regarding education that were popular at the time. One of the early authorities in twentieth century education was John Dewey, a philosopher whose 1899 pamphlet "The School and Society" argued for education reform, encouraging student cooperation, active engagement with interesting projects and problem solving rather than lectures and memorization. Dewey hoped to encourage students to stay in school, reducing juvenile delinquency.32 Incorporation of his recommendations for manual or vocational training in curriculums nationwide resulted and school design reflected this change. Learning by doing became a key principle in Progressive Era education, which shifted from the memorization and recitation of the past to education through experimentation and training to develop new skills.33 One reformer of the era was Dwight Heald Perkins, who had designed settlement houses34 and advocated for public open space and recreational areas. Perkins was appointed as architect to the Chicago school board in 1905 by Mayor Edward Dunne, who was elected on a progressive platform .35 Perkins began building schools oriented to the east or west, to allow maximum natural light. His Moos School (1906) was the first to use "tower -type" toilets on each floor rather than restrooms only in the basement. Such stacked bathrooms were added to 44 Chicago schools that year and became the new standard. His designs emphasized fire safety through use of wider stairs and fire resistant materials and included plans for additions as student 31 Rosin and Nugent, E 33. 32 Peter Gibbon, "John Dewey: Portrait of a Progressive Thinker," HUMANITIES, Spring 2019, Volume 40, Number 2. John Dewey: Portrait of a Progressive Thinker I The National Endowment for the Humanities (neh.gov) Accessed April 5, 2021. 33 Rosin and Nugent, E. 16. 34 Hull House, the home of Jane Addams in Chicago, was a social settlement house where immigrants could learn to assimilate in American society. By 1911, Chicago had 35 settlement houses based on Addams' model. https:// www.hullhousemuseum.org/about-mane-addams Accessed April 25, 2021. 31 Bauer Latoza Studio, "Chicago Public School Buildings, Pre -1940 Context Statement," 30. https://www.chicago.gov/content/dam/city/depts/zlup/Historic Preservation/Publications/CPS Bldgs Pre 1940 Context Statement.pdf Accessed April 25, 2021 NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 24 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) numbers increased.36 Perkins adopted Dewey's recommendations in the Lane Technical High School (1908), which featured an E -shaped plan, allowing ample light and air to classrooms and corridors, huge technical training areas, an auditorium, lunchroom, gymnasium and track. This school was swamped with students transferring from traditional high schools in just a few years.37 Unfortunately Mayor Dunne was defeated and the school board president believed Perkins' designs were extravagant, ultimately leading to Perkins being replaced by his protege Arthur Hussander, who for three years utilized Perkins' ideas in his school designs.38 Influence of Standardization through use of Plan Books School design benefitted from standardization during the Progressive Era, encouraged by plan books incorporating the new educational, health and safety recommendations. One example of these plan books was Wilbur Thoburn Mills' American School Building Standards published in 1910, which described the features and dimensions of the ideal American public school. Mills' book showed schools of two to three stories with a symmetrical fagade and flat roof.39 Mills featured the work of numerous Progressive Era architects, including William B. Ittner and Arthur Hussander.40 Another author on this topic was Fletcher B. Dresslar in American schoolhouses, 1911, who recommended schools be limited to two stories .41 Designs promoted in plan books were rectangular, with horizontal massing and often featuring flat roofs surrounded by parapets .42 The horizontal massing was emphasized through the use of belt courses and rows of windows aligned horizontally and vertically.43 Numerous schools were built in Missouri following this guidance. A review of National Register listed schools in Kansas City and St. Louis found that the horizontally oriented symmetrical facades shown in plan books from the era are common in St. Louis and Kansas City listed schools, with four of six Kansas City schools from 1903 to 1924 having a symmetrical facade (two have mostly symmetrical facades) and ten of eleven St. Louis schools from 1898 to 1911 exhibiting a symmetrical fagade. This same review found that for Kansas City listed schools flat roofs were the dominant type from 1903 to 1924.44 A similar review of St. Louis schools designed by William B. Ittner that have been listed on the National Register indicates that Ittner was less inclined to use flat roofs, although Franklin School (1909), Jackson School (1898) and Rock Spring School (1898) have flat 36 Bauer Latoza Studio, 32. 37 Ibid, 35. 38 Ibid, 35 — 36. 39 Wilbur Thoburn Mills, Architect, AAIA, American School Building Standards, (Columbus, OH: Franklin Educational Publishing Company, 1910), 271. Accessed April 7, 2021. www.google.com/books/edition/American School Building Standards qnk AQAAMAAJ?hl=en&qb 40 None of Dwight Perkins' designs were included in Mills' book, but schools by Hussander included Armstrong School (370, 371), Nicholas Senn High School (518 — 522), Carter H. Harrison High School (527 — 531) and Hyde Park High School (541 — 544). Ittner schools are featured on pages 393, 410 — 411, 429, 459 and 523 — 526. Ittner was the architect for the St. Louis school board during this period. 41 Fletcher B. Dresslar, American schoolhouses, (Washington: government printing office, 1911), 17, 27. https:Hbabel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015068216392&view=1 up&seq=50 Accessed April 12, 2021. 42 Dresslar, 271, 275, 281 and 299. 43 Mills, 281, Howard A. Bass, Missouri State Department of Education, Annual Report for the 1907 School Year and Missouri State Department of Education, Plans for School Improvement in Rural and Village Communities, 1914. 44 Five schools from the period had flat roofs and one had a combination of flat and other types of roofs on the additions. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 25 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) roofs .45 Progressive Era schools had cast stone belt courses and other details chosen from one of the Late 19th and Early 20th Century Revival styles that were popular during the period, although expressed in a restrained manner. The most ornate elements were usually one or more articulated entrances and detailed parapets .46 Inside, wide double -loaded corridors are one of the common elements of Progressive Era schools. Stairwells at either end of the corridors organized the school around the corridor system and provided more efficient egress during a fire than the square design typical of Common Schools. Use of multiple corridors and stairways differentiated Progressive Era schools from the Common Schools and sometimes resulted in multiple entries, as at Simonsen School. A significant element of Progressive Era education was introduction of high school (and later junior high) level classes. In recognition of this change, Dresslar recommended that corridors in high schools be wider than in elementary schools, due to the need to change classrooms between high school classes, while elementary students generally remained in a single classroom .47 The wider width was also due to the larger size of the students and the need to keep space between older boys and girls.48 As plan books encouraged standardization, classroom size was addressed. Mills described the ideal classroom size as 24 feet by 30 feet, with ceiling heights of 12 to 14 feet .49 Dresslar argued the ideal classroom would hold no more than 45 to 50 pupils and their desks, in a room 24 feet by 32 feet with ceilings 12 1/2 feet tall. His scientific analysis of class size was based on the ability to see the blackboard and hear the teacher. Lighting was another important factor, and Dresslar stated that the width of the classroom should not be more than twice the distance from the floor to the top of the windows, with 1 1/2 times the distance preferable for proper lighting. 50 Fireproofing Heating systems of the era depended on an open flame, making fire a constant concern. The Collinwood Fire that claimed the lives of 172 children and two teachers in 1908 when flames engulfed the Collinwood school near Cleveland, Ohio, resulted in an effort to improve the fireproof qualities of buildings that housed large gatherings .51 Mills was influenced by this fire, 45 Franklin School Nomination, Tom Duda and Matthew Bivens, Landmark Association of St. Louis, 2004 and Jackson and Rock Spring School Nominations, Cynthia Hill Longwisch, Landmark Association of St. Louis, 1990. 46 Brenda Spencer, National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form, Historic Public Schools of Kansas, April 22, 2005, E-20. 41 Dresslar, 53. 48 Dresslar was apparently concerned with boys and girls touching in the hallways. Separate gymnasiums during the period also reflected the desire to keep the sexes separate. Simonsen School's gym was designated as boys and girls gymnasiums on the 1939 floor plans and has a folding screen that could separate the room into two separate spaces. Simonsen School also had separate waiting rooms for boys and girls outside the doctor and nurse offices, as well as separate locker rooms. 49 Mills, 26. 50 Dresslar, 17 — 21. 51 Heidi Fearing, "Collinwood School Fire," Accessed February 17, 2021, www.clevelandhistorical.org/items/show/394. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 26 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) including a photograph of the garden planted on the Collinwood school site in his book.52 He promoted the use of masonry, such as reinforced concrete with masonry cladding, especially in the corridors, stairs and entries, to make schools as fireproof as possible. Long linear building forms took the place of the typical square shape of earlier schools that lacked large corridors. These forms allowed for wide double -loaded interior corridors, which coupled with wide stairwells provided safe exit in the event of a fire. Multiple fire -proof stairways were recommended in multi -story schools, located near the outer walls of the school.53 Efforts to make schools as fireproof as possible continued throughout the Progressive Era, addressed in the National Education Association's 1925 study with recommendations on fireproofing, staircase design, corridors, ventilation and partitions as well as school administration and curricula. This was followed by the National Fire Protective Association and American Engineering Standards Committee's report "Safety to Life in Schools" in 1927. This report provided guidelines for planning corridors, stairways, exits and general construction .54 Specialized Classrooms A significant element of Progressive Era education at the high school (and later junior high) level is the incorporation of specialized classrooms. With the emphasis on learning by doing and through experimentation, plan books recommended Progressive Era schools have specialized spaces for vocational training, for science laboratories, for the arts, including auditoriums as well as gymnasiums and swimming pools for physical education needs. In their 1907 Annual Report the Missouri Department of Education embraced Progressive Era educational philosophy, including a photo and floor plans of the McMillen High School in Mexico, Missouri, designed by J. H. Felt, architect for the 1939 addition to Simonsen School. These floor plans contained specialized classrooms to accommodate the new curriculum focused on learning by doing, physical activity and inclusion of subjects that interested the students. These included a gymnasium with locker rooms for boys and girls, a manual training room, science laboratories, "rec rooms," auditorium with stage and traditional classrooms.55 Dresslar pointed out that high schools had needs for specialized spaces, including not just classrooms but science laboratories, rooms for vocational training, art classes, a library, offices and an assembly room or auditorium. "More ambitious" schools would also have, perhaps in the basement, kitchens and dining rooms, bathrooms and a gymnasium.56 Dresslar viewed the auditorium as an important part of high schools, recommending they be two stories in height, with an ample sized stage and located on the first floor, with a balcony on the second floor. He suggested that if auditorium use was carefully managed, they could be used in education of community members. 57 High schools, at least in smaller communities, usually served an entire school district rather than a neighborhood, making it too far for students to walk 52 Mills, photo follows page 35. 53 Ibid, 55. 54 Donna R. Nelson, "School Architecture in Chicago During the Progressive Era: The Career of Dwight H. Perkins," (PhD diss., Loyola University, Chicago, 1988), 4. 55 Bass, 3. 56 Ibid, 26. 57 Dresslar, 36. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 27 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) home for lunch. This, plus Progressive Era efforts to train students in nutrition resulted in high schools having kitchens, cafeterias and dining rooms. The importance of physical activity was recognized in the Progressive Era curricula, and plan books contained chapters on the landscape around schools. In 1906 the Playground and Recreation Association of America was established, a national organization dedicated to promoting indoor and outdoor recreational activities to support the physical, social, and mental health of children.58 As a result of this organization's efforts and the influence of the Gary Plan (described below), physical education classes were added to the curriculum during the Progressive Era, requiring addition of gymnasiums and even swimming pools in schools. The Chicago school board may have been influenced by the Gary Plan when they requested more space for physical education classes in 1910, as Arthur Hussander's Senn High School and Hyde Park High School (both 1912) were the first in Chicago to feature separate gymnasiums and locker rooms for boys and girls .59 Another influence was the Depression, which had a significant impact on high school attendance as adolescents were forced out of the labor market and into school. By 1940, more than 73 percent of students aged 14 to 17 were attending school. High schools became focused on custodial care (keeping students out of the adult labor market) rather than preparing students for work. One of the results of this shift was an increase in enrollment in physical education (PE) classes. Between 1928 and 1934, health and PE courses increased from 4.9 to 11.5 percent of courses taken nationwide. These courses required little homework, were entertaining to students and PE classes could be conducted with high student to teacher ratios .60 Hygiene, Sanitation A number of reforms during the Progressive Era focused on cleanliness, hygiene and space, and these also impacted school design.61 In Gary, Indiana, U.S. Steel built the largest steel mill in the world on Lake Michigan, which attracted a huge influx of immigrant workers. Superintendent of Schools William Wurt, a student of philosopher John Dewey, built schools in 1907 that rotated students between rooms to keep them active .62 This rotation system was called "Work -Study -Play" as students in the K-12 schools rotated between academic classes and an expanded curriculum that included manual training, recreation, nature study, physical education in gymnasiums and swimming pools and practice of public speaking and music in the auditorium.63 Students were encouraged to take classes that engaged their interests and abilities, including the arts. Home economics was introduced, as it was important that workers be well fed. Swimming pools were introduced, as many immigrants did not have indoor plumbing and this aided good hygiene. 64 Wurt not only combined kindergarten through high Ss Dr. Fred Burger, Kansas City Board of Education, Department of Hygiene and Physical Education, "A Record of the Health Work in the Public Schools of Kansas City, Missouri," September 1899-1930, (Kansas City, MO: The Board of Education, 1930), 5. 69 Bauer Latoza Studio, 36. 60 Jeffrey Mirel,"The Traditional High School; Historical debates over its nature and function." Education Next, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1. Accessed December 18, 2020. http://educationnext.org/the-traditional-high-school/. 61 Brother. 62 Patton, 86. 63 "Gary Schools," https://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/2002/Gary-Schools.htmI Accessed April 6, 2021. 61 Patton, 86. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 28 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) school in one building, he encouraged adult classes at night, on weekends and during summer breaks. National publicity promoted this system, known as the Gary Plan, for its efficiency and diversified curriculum resulting in this type of school being utilized in 202 cities by 1929. 65 Mills included several photos from Gary schools in his book .66 Whether schools adopted the rotation of students as in the Gary Plan or not, increased emphasis on hygiene, sanitation and physical education became elements of Progressive Era schools. Dresslar was an advocate for inclusion of bathrooms with showers in schools. Based on his review of the use of bathrooms in European schools, Dresslar recommended the basement as a location for student showers, to be used weekly.67 He also recommended schools have basements for purposes of drainage, ventilation and a convenient location for heating systems. Location of vocational training rooms in the basement, where cement floor and glazed tile walls kept the basement dry and sanitary, was recommended.68 Use of hygienic building materials (brick, concrete and clay tile) with easy to clean finishes (glazed tile, polished concrete) were recommended by period plan books. Student Health As the number of school children attending school grew and the school year became longer, schools became the front line in addressing numerous health issues .69 Industrialization attracted families to overcrowded housing in cities with inadequate sanitation, resulting in the problem of repeated outbreaks of diseases such as typhoid, tuberculosis, yellow fever, malaria, cholera and dysentery.70 Fresh air and sunlight were believed to be the best cure for tuberculosis, the leading cause of death in the United States in the early twentieth century. This led to the "Open Air" movement that started in European schools, reaching the United States by 190871 and influencing school architects into the 1920s as prevention and treatment of students with tuberculosis was a concern.72 By 1918 there were 130 American cities with open air schools, where students wore special mittens and sleeping bags to stay warm in the winter months. The threat of tuberculosis decreased after discovery of antibiotics in the 1940s and the movement toward open air schools ended .73 While outdoor or open classrooms may not have been embraced nationwide, Progressive Era schools did feature large rows of windows for maximum natural light and fresh air to combat disease. Science and Technology The Progressive Era followed the industrial revolution, with reformers embracing the use of science and technology to improve life in numerous ways. Eventually recommendations were 65 "Gary Schools." 66 Mills, 60, 70, 350. 67 Dresslar, 66. 68 Ibid, 16. 69 Rosin and Nugent, E.5. 70 Centers for Disease Control, "Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report," July 30, 1999, Vol. 48, No. 29, 622. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm4829.pdf Accessed April 5, 2021. 71 Sarah Pruitt, "When Fears of Tuberculosis Drove an Open Air School Movement," https://www.history.com/news/school-outside-tuberculosis July 30, 2020. Accessed April 5, 2021. 72 Bryn Nelson, "School Design Through the Decades," November 4, 2014, Accessed February 11, 2021, www.mosaicscience.com/story/school-design-through-the-decades/. 71 Pruitt. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 29 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) made at the state and national level regarding school building requirements. School districts were encouraged to embrace technological advances in heating and ventilation, electrical and plumbing systems by the Missouri State Department of Education's report on plans for rural schools in 1914, which focused heavily on the need for improved heating and ventilation systems and provided examples of modern drinking fountains .74 Ventilation of science laboratories was addressed by Dresslar, who recommended placing these rooms on the second floor for ventilation purposes .75 Evolution of Progressive Era School Design Progressive Era school designs developed from these various models and recommendations to feature the following characteristics: horizontally oriented massing, often with flat roofs; use of fire -proof materials, stairway and corridor design to increase fire safety in schools; specialized spaces for vocational training classes and the arts, auditoriums and gymnasiums related to diversified curriculums; emphasis on sanitation through use of glazed tile and polished concrete; emphasis on improved health with rows of large windows for light and ventilation and use of latest technology in heating, electrical and plumbing systems. Progressive Era schools became recognizable through their architectural design, having two to three stories symmetrically arranged, often with a flat roof, belt courses and other details from late 1911 and early 20th century revival styles, rows of large windows and wide corridors. How these characteristics are displayed at Simonsen School is discussed below in the section titled Simonsen School as a Progressive Era school. Modern Era Schools Progressive Era schools were followed by Modern Era schools. These buildings were not designed to be symmetrical, a change from designs used in the Progressive Era. Functionality became a greater priority than architectural design, as exterior decorations were limited to the main entries and the use of belt courses ceased. Limited to two stories, these schools featured a long, rectilinear form, with a flat roof and rows of windows .76 History of Simonsen School Jefferson City was an undeveloped site when it was selected as the capitol for Missouri upon achieving statehood in 1821. Other central Missouri communities argued for relocation of the capitol city for many years, causing difficulties for funding local development including schools. The first public school constructed in Jefferson City was located where Simonsen School now stands, a small log building with two rooms completed by 1836.77 (Figure 41. Segregated schools were the norm during this period, with separate classes provided for African American students beginning in Jefferson City in 1866 in the log school and continuing through 1956. 78) The city's numerous German immigrants were proponents of public education, supporting taxes 74 George W. Reavis,"Better Schools for Country Boys and Girls," Missouri State Department of Education, 1914. Accessed February 16, 2021. https:Harchive.org/stream/plansforschoolim0l miss#page/n2/mode/l up/search/felt 75 Dresslar, 27. 76 Rosin and Nugent, E 33. 77 Giffen, Hobo Hill, 16. 78 Giffen, Hobo Hill, 58. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 30 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) for schools and comprising the majority of school board members from the 1870s to 1900.79 But it was hard for some citizens to adjust to the idea of publicly funded education through taxation, having been accustomed to private schools before the Civil War. The first new school built following the Civil War by the school district was Central School (Figure 27), which was completed in 1871 on the northwest corner of Monroe and E. Miller Streets (where the Doubletree Hotel is now). Completion of this school building garnered support from the local newspaper and the community for public schools, while private schools were in decline. This three-story brick building held an average of sixty-six students per class .80 Funding for schools continued to be a problem. The public schools were consistently overcrowded while the public was hesitant to adequately fund them until the issue of whether or not to keep the Missouri State Capitol in Jefferson City was resolved. Nine teachers regularly had 60 to 80 students in their class, and 15 students were refused admittance in 1897 due to overcrowding. A constitutional amendment designed to relocate the state capitol to Sedalia was soundly defeated in 1896, finally resolving the issue, resulting in an increase of Jefferson City's population and school enrollments .81 The school district's second bond issue was approved in 1902, when 1,200 children were enrolled of more than 2,400 living in the city. This funding allowed construction of elementary schools on the east and west ends of the expanding city. (Figure 41) Missouri passed a compulsory attendance law in 1905 for students age eight to 14.82 In 1905, the first separate public high school building was completed at the location of Simonsen School. (High school classes had been held starting in 1874 in the upper floor of Central School, shifting to the dining room of a local hotel for several years due to overcrowd ing.)83 A Common School type red brick building with two floors and a bell tower on the hipped roof, the school had three to four classrooms per floor and a central stair and hallway. (Figures 4 and 5) From this point forward, education in Jefferson City was accepted as worthy of taxpayer funding and elementary schools were added as the community grew. The 1905 high school was quickly outgrown, and an addition in 1914 introduced the Progressive Era type school to Jefferson City. (Figures 6 and 7) This addition included a small gymnasium, kitchen and dining room, a music room, library, and specialized home economic classrooms. The community continued to grow as state government expanded, and a second addition to Simonsen School was completed in 1939, which involved removal of the 1905 school. (Figure 12) Continuing the Progressive Era school type, the second addition included a larger gymnasium, more specialized vocational training classrooms and an auditorium with stage. Simonsen School Architects The architect for the 1914 addition is unknown, although from its detailed design, it is clear an architect was involved. The architect may have been the same as for the 1939 addition, John H. 79 Walter S. Schroeder, "Americanization of a German American Church," Accessed February 15, 2021, video transcript, https:// www.sos.mo.gov/archives/presentation/ap transcripts/germanimmigrants. 80 Giffen, Hobo Hill, 45. 81 Giffen, Hobo Hill, 88. 82 Giffen, Hobo Hill, 108. 83 Giffen, Hobo Hill, 55, 77 — 78. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 31 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Felt. In the early 1900s, Felt was promoted by the Missouri Department of Education for his designs of small modern schools.84 In their report for the 1907 school year, Felt's floor plans for the McMillen High School in Mexico, Missouri were featured on page three. The department's annual reports from 1910 to 1917 included only designs by Felt for one -room schools.85 In the department's 1914 publication Plans for School Improvement in Rural and Village Communities, Felt's designs for a one -room school were displayed on page 11, his four -room school plan on pages 12 — 14 and an eight -room school design on pages 24 — 25. Felt's use of belt courses, multiple windows, protruding pavilions and flat pilasters in these designs match those used in Simonsen School. (Figure 29) Given Felt's focus on schools for smaller communities86 and promotion of his designs by the state, plus the similarities found in both additions it is likely that he designed both sections of Simonsen School. The architects for the 1939 addition were Felt & Kriehn of Kansas City, Missouri. John H. Felt began his architecture practice in St. Joseph, Missouri. After ten years he moved to Kansas City and established the firm of J. H. Felt & Company. In 1936 the firm began operation under the name of Felt & Kriehn. Mr. Felt and his associates planned many large public and educational buildings, churches and schools in Missouri and Kansas. 87 The architects for the 1992 additions were The Architects Alliance, Inc. from Jefferson City.88 Simonsen School as a Progressive Era School Simonsen School was the first Progressive Era school constructed in Jefferson City. After an initial circa 1905 Common School type high school quickly proved inadequate, construction of the 1914 addition to this school embraced the latest in Progressive Era educational philosophy. With construction of the second addition in 1939, Simonsen School became the first and the last of the Progressive Era school construction in Jefferson City. (The circa 1905 school was removed for the 1939 addition.) Simonsen School exhibits many of the architectural characteristics of Progressive Era schools, including horizontal massing and flat roofs, use of masonry and other features to improve fire safety, wide corridors, an emphasis on health and sanitation and specialized classrooms to meet the needs of the Progressive Era curricula. (Photos 2, 6 and 21) Architectural Design Simonsen School's architecture follows design standards found in Wilbur Thoburn Mills' American School Building Standards published in 1910. Examples shown in plan books and recommended by the Missouri Department of Education in reports of the period89 show schools 84 Felt's designs appeared in at least two Missouri State Department of Education publications, in the annual report for the 1907 school year by Howard A. Bass on page 3 and in a 1914 publication Plans for School Improvement in Rural and Village Communities. 85 Cole Woodcox and Claudia Minor, Lincoln School, listed on the National Register in 2017. 86 Rosin and Nugent. John H. Felt was an architect based in Kansas City, Missouri. Yet he is not listed as an architect for any remaining schools in Kansas City in the Historic Resources of the Kansas City Missouri School District Pre -1970 nomination, so his practice may have focused on smaller school districts. 87 "John H. Felt," Prabook, https://prabook.com/web/john.felt/1345895. Accessed October 20, 2020. 88 1992 Addition plan, The Architects Alliance, Jefferson City, MO. Courtesy TD - Simonsen, LLC. 8s Bass, Missouri Department of Education, Plans for School Improvement in Rural and Village Communities, 1914. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 32 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) of two to three stories with a symmetrical facade and flat roof.90 Simonson School matches these descriptions, with three stories above grade facing both north and south and a flat roof. Both north and south facades are symmetrically arranged with horizontal massing. (Photos 2 and 7) Decorations illustrated in plan books and the department's examples include cast stone belt courses, which emphasize the horizontal massing and are used on both additions at Simonsen School.91 Cast stone surrounds detail all four main entrances at the school. Restrained details at the parapets are typical of one of the Late 19th and Early 20th Century Revival styles that were popular during the period. The interior is designed around wide double - loaded corridors, surrounding the central auditorium. These corridors are a common characteristic of Progressive Era schools, with classrooms on the outer walls for access to fresh air and natural light and stairways at the corridor ends for ease of egress during a fire. Simonsen School shares a number of similarities with school floor plans shown in Dresslar's book. The Eastern High School for Girls in Baltimore, Maryland is shown on Plate 63 with corridors on four sides of a central auditorium with stage and classrooms along the outer walls. Stairways are located at the four corners of the corridors, like at Simonsen School, with rows of windows on a symmetrical fagade. Plate 61 shows the Baltimore school's exterior, with distinctive belt courses and rectangular masonry decorations. The exterior of the high school in Davenport, Iowa is shown on Plate 82, with similar horizontal massing, use of belt courses, numerous windows and a flat roof as used at Simonsen School. The interior, shown in Plates 83 and 84, has an arrangement of four corridors around the central auditorium with classrooms on the exterior that is similar to Simonsen School. The third floor of Simonsen School's 1939 addition is similar to the design shown in Plate 105 of the Madison High School in Madison, Wisconsin, with three corridors surrounding the upper part of the auditorium. Another similar design is shown in Plate 95 of the Ann Arbor High School in Michigan, also having three corridors around the central auditorium. 12 Fireproof Construction Built with an emphasis on safety that was prevalent during the Progressive Era, Simonsen School has a fireproof concrete frame and masonry exterior, with concrete structural columns. (Photos 3 and 6) Most interior partitions are clay tile block with plaster on both sides, some are plaster on wire lath over metal framing members and there is evidence of some gypsum block partitions with plaster. All of these materials are fire resistant construction. Stairways and the auditorium's balcony are steel framed, finished with plaster on metal lath which provides fire resistance.93 Stairs have metal stair railings. (Photo 19) Floors are concrete slab and joists, with wood floors used sparingly. Typically wood is only used for finish materials such as cabinets, doors and trim.94 A significant feature of Simonsen School's floor plan is long, wide double - loaded interior corridors. When combined with its wide stairwells, these passageways provide for a safe exit in the event of a fire. (Figures 24 — 26) 90 Mills, 271, 275, 281 and 299. While not all designs in Mills' book have flat roofs, the schools shown on these pages do exhibit a flat roof. 91 Mills, 275 and 299. Schools shown on these pages (and likely others) exhibit belt courses. 92 Dresslar. Following page 106 Dresslar includes a number of photos and floor plans without page numbers, beginning with Plate 48. Plates significant to this discussion are 61, 63, 82, 83, 84, 95 and 105. 93 Email from Paul Hohmann, project architect, February 16, 2021. 94 Email from Paul Hohmann, project architect, February 16, 2021. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 33 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Specialized Interior Spaces Classrooms at Simonsen School were designed to allow specialized instruction in vocational training, physical training and the arts, in keeping with the revised curriculum being adopted nationally during the Progressive Era. The 1914 section provided space that allowed the high school's curriculum to expand beyond academics, adding manual or vocational training classes. Commercial classes included commercial arithmetic, stenography, typewriting and bookkeeping, with equipment provided by the Commercial Club (precursor to the Jefferson City Chamber of Commerce).95 Domestic science (home economics) classes were located on the second floor. (Figure 17) A biology laboratory on the first floor had sinks and a gas line. Elective classes were added to the traditional academic curriculum at Simonsen, keeping with Progressive Era trends to provide classes suited to students' interests and abilities. The expanded school provided space for a new music program including band, an orchestra, a string ensemble and choir.96 One half course credit was approved for orchestra in 1916.97 The instrument room (first floor, north wall) and choral room (northeast corner of the first floor) were designed for their specific uses, with the floors in the music rooms being arranged in tiers, or steps. The instrument room remains in its original location today and retains its tiered floor. (Photo 12; Figures 16 and 24) With a separate library the new school needed a librarian. The first librarian in the school district was Nan Summers, hired for the Simonsen School in 1915.98 The library was located on the north end of the second floor, where it remains today. (Figures 17 and 25, Photo 15) The 1939 addition added more Progressive Era character defining specialized spaces. The school district's first school auditorium was at Simonsen School. The large central auditorium has a stage and balcony on the first and second floors. (Photos 10 and 11) Other rooms were designed and furnished according to the class being taught. Simonsen School was outfitted with a dedicated art room in part of the 1914 gymnasium, having built-in cabinets with wooden drawers for project storage which remain. (Photo 13, Figure 14) The art room is located on the basement level on the north wall. (Figure 22) Vocational training was emphasized in this era, and many of the shop classes were in the basement below the gym, where polished concrete floors and tile walls enhanced sanitation. These included a woodworking shop, electrical and drafting classrooms with a paint spray booth and finishing room. (Figure 15) A metal shop was located in the southwest corner of the first floor. (Figure 16) Science laboratories were located on the east side of the first floor and were equipped with sinks and a gas supply. (Figure 16) English classes were held on the west side of the second floor. One of these classrooms was labeled "English Laboratory" on the 1939 designs and contained a stage with a dressing room, so probably was used for speech and drama classes. (Figure 17) Business classes moved to the southwest corner of the third floor in 1939. (Figure 18) Math classes were held on the third floor, on the west and south sides. (Figures 18 and 26) Specialized classrooms in the 1939 addition remaining at present include home economics, drafting, communications and video production. Science laboratories now have sinks and ventilation hoods, and the business classroom remains on the third floor. Health and Hygiene 95 Gillen, Hobo Hill, 114. 96 Gillen, Hobo Hill, 118. 97 Giffen, Hobo Hill, 120. 98 Gillen, Hobo Hill, 210. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 34 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Health and hygiene were priorities for Progressive Era schools. Simonsen School's 1914 addition was built with a cafeteria, kitchen and dining room, to nourish and teach students about healthy eating. (Figure 10) Teaching young women how to keep their families healthy was important, and beginning in 1914, the school taught home economics as part of its vocational training. The home economics classrooms expanded in 1939, having a "Food Laboratory" equipped with six stoves, six sinks, a refrigerator, a washing machine and mangle, with a linoleum floor for ease of cleaning. Home economics also included a Clothing Laboratory, with two built-in ironing boards, a Living and Dining Room, with fireplace flanked by built-in bookcases, a full bath with shower and a Home Arts room with two built-in ironing boards, a stove and sink. These rooms were located on the east wall of the second floor. (Figure 17) Home economics has been reduced to a single classroom on the second floor. (Figure 25) Locker rooms for boys and girls were located in the basement under the gymnasium, with showers in each to enhance student hygiene. (Figure 15) The locker rooms were relocated in 1992, but the school continues to have shower areas. (Figure 23) Sanitation Sanitation was important in Progressive Era schools, with use of materials like glazed tile and polished concrete to facilitate cleaning. Simonsen School's bathrooms were finished with glazed tile walls and terrazzo floors, and one of these bathrooms remains extant. (Figure 24) Glazed tile was used on the gymnasium walls and in the basement locker rooms and workshops, designed to help keep these areas sanitary. (Photo 14, Figure 22) Polished concrete floors in the basement kept the shop classes easy to clean. The 1939 designs indicate "asphalt tile" floors on the third floor corridors, designed to promote cleanliness. (Figure 18) Drinking fountains were installed throughout the building to provide sanitary drinking water, a big improvement over the cups chained to sinks of previous schools.99 (Figures 14 — 18 and 24 - 26) Disease Prevention /Medical Care Disease prevention and screening for medical deficiencies was a concern during this period, as antibiotics were not yet developed and medical care was not available to many children. To combat common diseases such as tuberculosis, schools were encouraged to have large operable windows to allow ventilation and natural light. Simonsen's fenestration pattern is typical of the Progressive Era and allows ventilation and generous natural light to illuminate the classrooms, which face outside the building. (As with all Jefferson City schools from this period, the window sash have been replaced within the historic window frames.) In the early 1900s Dr. C. M. Sneed, a local eye, ear, nose and throat doctor, screened over 1,000 Jefferson City students. He found that 40.5 percent of high school students needed glasses, 6.4 percent had hearing loss in one ear and one in 66 children had hearing loss in both ears. Dr. Sneed's legislative proposal requiring schools to provide a medical inspection of all students failed. But Dr. Sneed did succeed in getting a law passed to require instruction regarding the cause and prevention of tuberculosis in 1916.100 The Jefferson City school district responded by hiring the 99 Giffen, Hobo Hill, 91. 100 Dr. C.M. Sneed and Guy Monteose Whipple, Ph.D., "An Examination of the Eyes, Ears, and Throats of Children in the Public Schools of Jefferson City, Missouri," The Psychological Clinic, (December 31, 1908), 2(8): 234-238, Accessed March 1, 2021, https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/5138942, Accessed March 2, 2021. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 35 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) first visiting nurse to work at Simonsen School in 1919. A part-time position, this was first filled by Nellie H. Heinzelman.101 By 1939, medical care for students was given a higher priority, evidenced by the considerable space provided, with offices for both a doctor and a nurse plus waiting rooms for both boys and girls. (Figure 16) Physical Education Emphasis was placed on physical activity and play during the school day during the Progressive Era. Simonsen School's gymnasium, added in 1939, replaced a smaller gym from 1914 located on the north side of the ground floor, part of which was converted to the art room. (Photo 13, Figure 14) Addition of the larger gymnasium coincided with the post -Depression trend toward more physical education classes. (Figures 15 and 23) An interesting note that may relate to play is shown on the plumbing plans for the 1939 addition, where two plumbing connections are shown for an aquarium on the first floor. Heating and Ventilation Early Jefferson City schools had problems keeping classrooms warm in winter and cool in summer.102 School districts were encouraged to embrace technological advances in heating and ventilation during the Progressive Era. 103 The drawings for the 1939 addition exhibit considerable thought in design of the school's ventilation systems, with separate air exchange for the auditorium and the cafeteria, two areas where people would regularly congregate. (Figure 20) Separate fans were provided in the kitchen for heat and food odors and in workshops where paints or solvents would be used. 104 (Figures 14 and 22) Boilers connected to heat registers that remain visible throughout the building. (Photos 12, 14 and 20) Ductwork was installed more recently above the dropped ceilings to distribute air conditioning to the classrooms. (Photos 12 and 17) Comparisons to Other Progressive Era Schools Information on other Jefferson City Progressive Era Schools are provided in the tables below, with photos of each school. Figure numbers for floor plans are contained in the table. Between 1891 and 1938 Jefferson City's school board built eleven schools, eight of which are extant. These can be categorized into three groups. The first group of four (two extant) were built within the time period, but are really Common Schools, as they lack the exterior architectural design and the interior emphasis on safety and specialized spaces needed for the expanded curriculum used during the Progressive Era. The second group are five Progressive Era schools (four extant), identified by their architectural design if not their interior spaces. The third group are two schools that serve as a transition between the Progressive Era and the Modern Schools movement that focused on one and two story linear designs for schools. 101 Giffen, Hobo Hill, 124 — 125. Jefferson City embraced school nursing extremely early. As late as the 1980s, half of Missouri school districts did not have a school nurse, according to a survey made by the state's first School Nurse Consultant Nela Beetem. https://mokidscount.org/wp- content/uploads/2016/03/School-Nurse-and-the-State-School-Nurses-Consultant 1.pdf Accessed February 20, 2021. 102 Giffen, Hobo Hill, 52 — 53. los Missouri State Department of Education, Plans for School Improvement in Rural and Village Communities, 1914 104 Location of classrooms and construction details were obtained from the 1939 drawings created by Felt & Kriehn Architects. Not all drawings are provided in the figures. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 36 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Private schools are not discussed in this nomination, primarily because almost none of them are Progressive Era schools. Currently nine private schools operate in Jefferson City, three of which are high schools. Moreau Montessori School operates in the former public Moreau Heights Elementary, which is described below. St. Peter Interparish School opened in 1890, with a large addition in 2007 housing classrooms, a gymnasium, cafeteria, music and art rooms. 105 Immaculate Conception Catholic School began in 1913 in Pleus Hall but moved to a new one- story school in the late 1950s, with additions in 1963 and 1969.106 Helias Catholic High School was built in 1956, Calvary Lutheran High School was completed in 2005 and Lighthouse Preparatory Academy, the third high school, opened in 2007. St. Joseph Cathedral School opened in 1960, followed by the current Trinity Lutheran School in 1961.107 River Oak Christian Academy is a newer school using rented space. Common Schools - Broadway, Washington, Fairview and West End Schools The earliest schools in the period 1900 to 1940, Broadway (extant, 1891 and rebuilt 1904), Washington (1903), Fairview (1903) and West End (extant, 1903) are distinguished by their projecting front pavilion and central entry, separated rectangular windows and hipped roofs. (See table below.) Broadway and West End were elementary schools built in three phases, with additions to the rear. The initial sections were built around a central wooden staircase and small hallway, with classrooms at each end of the building. (Figure 30) These schools had no specialized classrooms, no cafeteria or kitchen, no gymnasium and no auditorium. Washington School, built for use by the city's African American students, did have a gymnasium but from the available photo it appears this was added later, as it has no windows. Fairview appears similar in design to Broadway and West End, which have been converted to apartments. Replacement windows were installed in both Broadway and West End during their conversion to apartments. These two schools retain their original floor plan, but do not have the long, wide corridors found at Simonsen School or specialized spaces. The single wooden stairway in these former schools is not as safe in a fire as the multiple metal stairs at Simonsen School. These schools have cast stone headers and sills that connect the separated windows, but do not exhibit the multiple belt courses, flat roofs with parapets or rows of connected windows typical of Progressive Era schools. While built during the Progressive Era, these schools are better classified as Common Schools, as they lack the exterior architectural design, large rows of windows, wide corridors, emphasis on fire safety and sanitation and specialized interior spaces typical of Progressive Era schools. 105 Michelle Brooks, "St. Peter School served generations of students - and even some state lawmakers," News Tribune, August 21, 2011. 101 Michelle Brooks, "After 100 -plus years of Masses, Immaculate Conception Church named a Landmark," News Tribune, August 29, 2015. 101 Trinity Lutheran Church has operated a school since 1871 and purchased the former Central School on E. Miller Street from the local school district. Circa 1960 the church and school relocated to Stadium Boulevard. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 37 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Common Schools, Jefferson City, Missouri 1891-1903 School Name Broadway School Location Broadway & Dunklin - NE corner Dates of 1891 - 1955 (rebuilt Use 1904) 71 Extant? Yes YorN Comments / Comparisons On National Register. While multi -story classroom block with series of windows and projecting pavilion resembles Progressive Era design, does not have typical flat roof. Windows are separated rather than connected in continuous rows. Built in three phases, the initial section was built around a central wooden staircase and small hallway, with classrooms at each end of the building. Single set of central wooden stairs not designed for fire prevention. No specialized classrooms, no cafeteria or kitchen, no gymnasium and no auditorium. Recently rehabbed as apartments, retaining interior floor plan, replacement windows. Floor Plan Figure # 30. School Washington Name School - African American students only. Location 700 block of E. Elm St.' + Dates of 1903-1956 Use Extant? Y or N No'.���' .- Comments / Comparisons While multi -story classroom block with series of windows and projecting pavilion resemble Progressive Era design, does not have belt courses or flat roof typical of city's Progressive schools. Windows are separated rather than connected in continuous rows. Gymnasium appears to be from a later period due to lack of windows. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 38 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Common Schools, Jefferson City, Missouri 1891-1903 School Fairview School Name' Location High & Chestnut - - ► NE corner Dates of +�, Use 1903-1938 a "r i`e� w µl tia iii Extant? I I I Y or N No_` _ 3 - Comments / Comparisons Similar in design to Broadway and West End schools. While multi -story classroom block with series of windows and projecting pavilion resembles Progressive Era design, does not have flat roof or belt courses typical of later Progressive schools in city. Windows are separated rather than connected in continuous rows. Did not have specialized classrooms, gym or cafeteria. School West End School Name -E Location 1107 W. Main St. _ Dates of 1903-1955 Use Extant? Yes - y or N Comments / Comparisons While multi -story classroom block with series of windows and projecting pavilion resembles Progressive Era design, does not have typical flat roof with parapets or belt courses. Windows are separated rather than connected in continuous rows. Did not have specialized classrooms, gym or cafeteria. Converted to apartments, replacement vinyl windows. Believed to have interior layout similar to Broadway School, Figure 30. Progressive Era Schools - Original Moreau Heights Elementary School The next group includes Simonsen School (extant, 1914 and 1939), the original Moreau Heights Elementary (extant, 1914), Park School (1914), New Central Elementary School (extant, 1919) and the Senior High School and Junior College (extant, 1926). (See table below.) The original Moreau Heights Elementary was replaced by the current Moreau Heights Elementary in 1955 and now serves as the private Moreau Montessori School. While the building has vinyl replacement windows, it otherwise remains true to its original design. (Figure 31) Similar to Broadway and West End schools, this school features a central set of wooden stairs (see table below) and small central hallway. The old Moreau Heights never had a cafeteria, kitchen, dining room, auditorium or specialized classrooms. A space on the upper floor previously used as a gymnasium was two large classrooms, now divided by a central wall. If only considering the interior, this would be classified as a Common School. What places the former Moreau Heights Elementary as a Progressive Era school is its exterior architectural design, with a symmetrical fagade, connected windows, use of cast stone belt courses and decorated parapets around a NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 39 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) flat roof. Because of its architectural details, the former Moreau Heights Elementary School remains similar in design to Simonsen School, but lacking the specialized spaces related to Progressive Era curricula. No use of glazed tile was evident in the bathrooms, no drinking water fountains were observed and the presence of a single set of central wooden stairs indicates that fire safety was not given as high a priority in this school as it was at Simonsen School. Progressive Era Schools - Park School Park School (1914) exhibited similar architectural style as Simonsen School, with a symmetrical fagade, use of belt courses and a flat roof with parapets, but was demolished in 1954. Progressive Era Schools - New Central Elementary School New Central School is the next oldest remaining school in this group, constructed in 1919. This building now serves as offices for the local school district. Remodeling in 2009 removed most interior traces of the former school 108 and the windows have been replaced. This school apparently did have an assembly room, listed on the floor plan shown in Figure 32, but no historic stage or seating is indicated on this plan. As an elementary school, this building did not have a cafeteria, kitchen or dining room, gymnasium or specialized classrooms. The New Central School does have ornamentation typical of the Late 18th / Early 19th century revival architectural style, with a symmetrical fagade, use of cast stone belt courses and a decorated parapet surrounding a flat roof, similar to Simonsen School. This school's windows are separated and not as numerous as at Simonsen School, indicating that the Progressive Era's focus on ventilation was not given the same emphasis in New Central School's design as was given in Simonsen School's development. Progressive Era Schools - Senior High School and Junior College The Senior High School and Junior College was built as a single building, designed to hold both high school and junior college classrooms (extant, 1926). The school board's decision to add a junior college at this location resulted in it being known for many years as "Jeff Junior."109 Located two blocks west of Simonsen High School on E. Miller Street, this school continues to be owned by the school district, serving as the Academic Center and Miller Performing Arts Center. This school has Progressive Era features similar to those found in Simonsen School. (Figure 33) A full size gymnasium was built in the basement, along with a swimming pool which has since been closed. Wide double loaded corridors surround the gym on the basement level and the auditorium on three sides. The masonry exterior is similar in architectural style, with articulated entrances, restrained use of cast stone belt courses and brick detailing as ornamentation. In a city full of red masonry buildings, this school's original yellow brick walls were distinctive (Figure 28). Like other Jefferson City schools, the windows have been replaced with a solid panel at the top. Jeff Junior was renovated in 2005,110 converting the building from a school to a performing arts center, adding an addition with a 2 -story tinted glass sided lobby of 3,800 square feet covering the west wall."' (See table below.) Inside the lobby, escalators and 108 Underwood email, February 25, 2021. 109 Giffen, Hobo Hill, 132. 110 "Miller Performing Arts Center," https://bestthingsmo.com/place/miller-performing-arts-center-mefferson- city-mo.html Accessed February 17, 2021. 111 "Etta & Joseph Miller Performing Arts Center," The Architects Alliance Inc., Accessed October 20, 2020, www.thearchitectsaIIiance.com/pro0ect/etta-Joseph-miller-performing-arts-center/. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 40 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) an elevator lead to a large art gallery on the first floor and the main floor of the auditorium on the second floor. (Figure 33) During the renovation, the original yellow brick exterior was stained with a brown stain and a large metal grill was installed displaying the arts center's name, which covers most of the south wall. With the modern appearance of the new addition, two of the exterior walls mostly covered and the remaining two walls stained brown, this school has been significantly altered since the time of its construction and has lost integrity. Progressive Era Schools, Jefferson City, Missouri 1914-1926 School Original Moreau "dii Name Heights ""' "-' Location Hillcrest & Moreau Drive owl Dates of 1914-1955 Use 111111 - - -_ Extant? Yes Y or N Comments / Comparisons One of first in Jefferson City to have connected sets of windows and flat roof with decorated parapets typical of Progressive Era schools. Multi -story classroom block and distinctive entry typical of Progressive schools. Did not have gymnasium, cafeteria, kitchen, dining room or specialized classrooms. Single set of central wooden stairs not designed for fire prevention. Replacement vinyl windows. Now used by Montessori School. Floor Plan Figure # 31. School Park School„ Name Location 800 block, St. Mary's Blvd. • Dates of 1914-1954 Use , •- '" Extant? No YorN Comments / Comparisons Difficult to see, but appears to have a multi -story classroom block, connected windows and flat roof typical of Progressive Era schools. No gymnasium visible, likely did not have gym, cafeteria or specialized classrooms. Demolished to make way for Southwest School in 1954. Shown circa 1916 with second floor added. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 41 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Progressive Era Schools, Jefferson City, Missouri 1914-1926 School New Central Name School Location 315 E. Dunklin Dates of 1919-1956 Use Extant?� Y or N ( ` Yes Comments / Comparisons Most closely matches Simonsen School design, with entrances in corners by pavilions, decorative parapets around flat roof. Windows in series yet separated, not as numerous as Simonsen School. Did have assembly room, stage and seating not extant if they ever existed. No gymnasium or cafeteria. Now school district offices. Remodel in 2009 removed most interior details of historic school. Replacement windows and doors. Floor plan Figure # 32. School Senior High School Name & Junior College Location 501 Madison St. Dates of 1926 -Present Use d� Extant? Yes Y or N��'� 7 I 1 i s 4 Comments / Comparisons Built with classrooms for high school and junior college in same building, plus gymnasium, swimming pool (now closed) and auditorium. Converted in 2005 to Miller Performing Arts Center and Jefferson City Academic Center. While the two walls pictured retain much of the original design, including series of connected windows and a distinctive entrance and the interior retains its gym and auditorium, a large modern addition to the west wall, large sign on the south wall and staining of all exterior walls have resulted in a loss of integrity. Floor plan Figure # 33. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 42 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Modern Era Schools — East and West Elementary Schools East and West Elementary schools were built in 1938, originally without cafeterias, kitchens or dining rooms. (See table below.) Eight classrooms and a cafeteria with kitchen and dining room were added to West Elementary in 1952. East School's cafeteria was added in 1955. The symmetrical facades of the Progressive Era were abandoned in design of these schools, which have the main entry near one end. Decorative elements on East and West Schools are limited to the entryway, and lack of ornamentation is a feature of schools built later. Constructed in a more linear style and limited to two stories, these served as a forerunner of the later Modern Era schools that began to appear in Jefferson City in 1954.112 (Figure 41) The windows in both schools have been replaced, with a solid panel at the top. Modern Era Schools, Jefferson City, Missouri 1938 School East Elementary Name School - Location 1400 E. High Street Dates of 1938 - Present Use l f Extant? Yes Y or N d - Comments / Comparisons One of city's first linear style schools, with classrooms aligned along one long hallway instead of a rectangular shape. Cafeteria (added 1955) and current gymnasium (2009), media center now in former gym.113 Ornamentation limited to main entrance. Replaced Fairview School. Still in use. Floor plan Figure # 34. School West Elementary Name School Location Dix Road & West Main Street�� (�{' Dates of 1938 Present Use �!!' ill E _ Extant? Yes Comments / Comparisons One of city's first linear style schools, with classrooms aligned along one long hallway instead of a rectangular shape. Ornamentation limited to main entrance. Eight classrooms & cafeteria added in 1952. Major modern addition to front in 2009. Still in use. Modern one-story addition with zig-zag front damages school's integrity. Floor plan Figure # 35. 112 Rosin and Nugent, E. 25. In Historic Resources of the Kansas City Missouri School District Pre -1970, Modern Era schools are defined as being built between 1950 — 1970. 113 Interview by Jane Beetem with Jon Beetem, former East School student, April 14, 2021. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 43 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Of the eight extant Jefferson City schools built during the Progressive Era of 1900 to 1940, two were actually Common Schools, typical of the period prior to 1900. These were Broadway and West End schools, which lack the wide corridors and other elements typical of Progressive Era schools. This is not surprising as Jefferson City is a conservative community that tends to resist change, so the local school board's adoption of Progressive Era ideas about school design took some time. The last two schools built during this period were transitional, in a style more typical of Modern Schools, asymmetrical and built in a linear fashion with limited decoration. These were East and West Elementary schools, built in 1938, originally built without cafeterias and without specialized classrooms. Modern Schools carried this style further after 1950. Besides Simonsen School, four other Progressive Era schools were built: Moreau Heights Elementary, Park Elementary School (no longer extant), New Central Elementary and the Senior High School and Junior College building. These schools were built between 1914 and 1926. With its 1914 addition, Simonsen School remains as one of the earliest built with features common to the Progressive Era. The 1939 addition to Simonsen School was rather late for a Progressive Era school in Jefferson City, as demonstrated by use of a more linear form for East and West Elementary Schools in 1938. Whether the design for the 1939 expansion was planned when the 1914 addition was built or the style of the school was continued in order to match the earlier section is unknown. It is clear that this addition to Simonsen School was the last school construction in Jefferson City readily recognizable as being from the Progressive Era. The former Senior High School and Junior College shares a number of architectural design similarities with Simonsen School and had a gym, auditorium and other rooms typical of the Progressive Era. Renovation of this building in 2005 altered the exterior significantly and made some interior changes. The large modern addition on the west wall of this building, the large screen on the south wall and color change on the other two walls result in a loss of integrity for this building. Simonsen School currently more closely resembles its original design than this second high school. The New Central Elementary School's architectural design is most similar to Simonsen School, with its symmetrical fagade, dual entries adjacent to the outer pavilions, flat roof with parapets and belt courses. But this school lacks the rows of large connected windows used by Progressive Era schools to ventilate classrooms to treat and prevent disease. Remodeling efforts in 2009 removed most traces of the former Central Elementary School, so its small former assembly room lacks a stage or seating. As an elementary school, this school did not have a cafeteria, kitchen, dining room, gymnasium or vocational training classrooms. The original Moreau Heights Elementary School's exterior exhibits Progressive Era architectural design, with its symmetrical fagade, rows of connected windows, belt courses and flat roof with decorated parapets. But the interior remains as a Common School, with a central wooden stairway not designed for fire safety and large classrooms that are not specialized for certain subject matter. Like the other elementary schools, this school did not have an auditorium, cafeteria, kitchen, dining room or gymnasium. The bathrooms do not have glazed tile walls nor are drinking water fountains present, so sanitation was not a high priority in this school's development. So while Jefferson City has three other Progressive Era schools that share architectural design features with Simonsen School, they either lack many of the interior features typical of Progressive Era schools or have lost integrity. Simonsen School's design retains the emphasis on fire safety through use of fireproof materials plus wide corridors and stairs, on sanitation NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 44 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) through easy to clean materials and on health and hygiene in the cafeteria and locker rooms that are typical of Progressive Era schools. The specialized classrooms needed for vocational training and classes related to physical education and student interests remain evident in the home economic classrooms and workshops, music room, gymnasium and auditorium. Simonsen School is the first and last Progressive Era school built in Jefferson City and remains as the school that most effectively exhibits Progressive Era character defining features in Jefferson City today. Conclusion Simonsen School was constructed in phases, with the 1914 section being the oldest remaining portion, followed by the 1939 section which replaced the initial 1905 school building. While the initial 1905 building was built as a Common School, the 1914 addition embraced the architecture typical of a Progressive Era school. Following examples provided in plan books published during the period, both additions to Simonsen School were constructed of masonry and other fire -proof materials, with three stories visible on the primary elevations and a symmetrical fagade, flat roof and surrounding parapets. The horizontal massing typical of Progressive Era schools is emphasized by belt courses and rows of large windows. Exterior decoration is typical of Late 19th and Early 20th Century Revival styles of the period, using rectangular shaped outlines and cast stone embellishments. The interior features wide corridors surrounding the central auditorium with metal stairs at the end of each corridor, similar to plan book designs. These enhanced fire safety, and with classrooms located on the exterior walls, allowed access to plenty of natural light and fresh air. Classroom sizes at Simonsen School matched recommendations in period plan books. Both additions embraced the new learning by doing model for education that marked the beginning of the Progressive Era. The new curricula required specialized classrooms, which at Simonsen School included science and biology laboratories and rooms for vocational training including woodworking, electrical and metal shops, drafting, business and home economics. Students were encouraged to follow their interests in the arts using the arts room, instrumentation and choral rooms, English laboratory for public speaking and auditorium with stage and practice rooms. The focus of vocational training has changed with the introduction of computers but specialized classrooms remaining at present include business, home economics, drafting, communications and video production. Other specialized spaces remaining are the auditorium with stage and practice rooms, instrumentation or music room, gymnasium, locker rooms with showers (these were relocated in 1992), library, art room, kitchen and dining room. Originally built with biology and science laboratories, Simonsen's current science classrooms have running water and modern ventilation hoods. Progressive Era reforms also focused on health, hygiene and sanitation. Simonsen School's builders addressed these issues by incorporating use of glazed tile in the gymnasium, workshops and bathrooms, as well as use of concrete floors in workshops and installation of drinking water fountains. All but one bathroom has been updated and more modern drinking water fountains installed, but other tile walls and concrete floors remain. Tuberculosis and other diseases were a problem during the era, with treatment and prevention focused on access to natural light and fresh air, provided by the many large windows that still remain at Simonsen School. The 1939 addition added a sizeable medical suite, with offices for a doctor and a nurse and separate waiting rooms for boys and girls. This allowed both screening for medical issues such as loss of hearing or eyesight, plus diagnosis and treatment of disease. Relocation of administrative offices in 1992 resulted in a reduction in this space, as students' access to NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 45 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) medical care had improved over time. Hygiene was addressed by providing showers in both locker rooms, which continued after these were relocated to the ground floor in 1992. The heating and ventilation, electrical and plumbing systems installed at Simonsen School reflected the latest technology available, although ductwork for air conditioning has been added. The school's architects focused on ventilating the auditorium and cafeteria, where large groups of people would gather as well as the kitchen and workshops, where odors and use of solvents required venting to the outside. Of the five Progressive Era schools built in Jefferson City, four are extant. The old Moreau Heights Elementary has Progressive Era architectural elements on the exterior but the interior remains as a Common School design. The integrity of the city's second high school has been compromised by additions and alterations in 2005 when it was converted to an arts center. The former Central School retains Progressive Era architectural elements on the exterior, but as a former elementary school did not have as many specialized spaces inside. Remodeling in 2009 removed most interior traces of the former school. This leaves Simonsen School as the school that most effectively exhibits Progressive Era character defining features in Jefferson City today. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 9 Page 46 Major Biblographical References Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 The Architects Alliance, Inc.. accessed October 20, 2020. "Etta and Joseph Miller Performing Arts Center." www.thearchitectsalliance.com/prolect/etta-ioseph-miller- oerformina-arts-center/. Blueprints - 1992 additions. Courtesy TD — Simonsen, LLC. 1992 Addition Plan. Blueprints — Central School. Courtesy Jefferson City School District. Bass, Howard A. Missouri State Department of Education, Annual Report for the 1907 School Year. Beetem, Jane. "Hobo Hill Historic District." National Register nomination, Missouri DNR State Historic Preservation Office. 2013. Floor plans for Broadway and Moreau Heights Elementary schools. Postcards in Figures 5 and 7. Best Things Missouri. "Miller Performing Arts Center." Accessed February 17, 2021. https://bestthingsmo.com/place/miller-performing-arts-center-Jefferson-city-mo.html. Bing.com/maps. Contextual Map, Figure 3. Accessed October 14, 2020. Brooks, Michelle. "After 100 -plus years of Masses, Immaculate Conception Church named a Landmark." News Tribune, August 29, 2015. "St. Peter School served generations of students - and even some state lawmakers." News Tribune, August 21, 2011. Brother, Janie -Rice. "Awakening and Building: A Look at the Progressive Era and Architecture Part 1" October 24, 2014. Accessed February 13, 2021. https://wwww.gardenstogabies.com/awakening- and-building-a-look-at-the-progressive-era-and-architecture-part-1 /. Burger, Dr. Fred. Kansas City Board of Education, Department of Hygiene and Physical Education. "A Record of the Health Work in the Public Schools of Kansas City, Missouri, September 1899- 1930." Kansas City, Missouri: The Board of Education, 1930. Centers for Disease Control. "Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report." July 30, 1999, Vol. 48, No. 29, 622. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm4829.pdf Accessed April 5, 2021. Cremin, Lawrence A. The Transformation of the School: Progressivism in American Education, 1876- 1957. New York: Vintage Books, 1964. Dresslar, Fletcher B. American schoolhouses. Washington: government printing office, 1911. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015068216392&view=1 up&seq=50 Accessed April 12, 2021. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 9 Page 47 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 Duda, Tom and Matthew Bivens, Landmark Association of St. Louis. Franklin School. National Register Nomination, Missouri DNR State Historic Preservation Office. 2004. Ebersoldt + Associates, St. Louis, MO. Blueprints — Simonsen School Existing Floor Plans — Unchanged Areas, 2021. Courtesy TD - Simonsen, LLC. Phasing of Additions illustrations. Courtesy TD — Simonsen, LLC. Felt & Kriehn, Architects. Kansas City, MO. Blueprints — 1939 Addition. Courtesy TD - Simonsen, LLC. Fearing, Heidi. "Collinwood School Fire," Accessed February 17, 2021. www.cleveIandhistorical.org/items/show/394. Friedman, Yael. "Carnegie's Gift: The Progressive Era Roots of Today's Branch Library." October 21, 2014. Accessed February 13, 2021. https://urbanomnibus.net/2014/carnegies-gift-the- progressive-era-roots-of-todays-branch-library/. Gibbon, Peter. "John Dewey: Portrait of a Progressive Thinker." HUMANITIES, Spring 2019, Volume 40, Number 2. John Dewey: Portrait of a Progressive Thinker I The National Endowment for the Humanities (neh.gov) Accessed April 5, 2021. Giffen, Jerena East. The House on Hobo Hill, The History of the Jefferson City Public Schools. Jefferson City, Missouri: Jefferson City Public Schools, 1964. Plus Two for Jay Hill. Jefferson City, Missouri: Jefferson City Public Schools, 1976. Jefferson City Post Tribune. "Autos Coming Fast." January 20, 1916. Kendrick, Deborah. "Jefferson City School District spends $2.7 million on tornado repairs." May 20, 2020. Accessed October 16, 2020. https://abcl7news.com/news/mefferson-citv/2020/05/20/iefferson- city-school-district-spends-2-7-million-on-tornado-repairs/. Kliebard, Herbert M. The Struggle for the American Curriculum, 1893-1958. Boston: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1986. Library of Congress. Sanborn Maps 1908, 1916, 1923, 1939 and 1939 - 1945. Accessed October 14, 2020. https://www.loc.gov/collections/sanborn- maps/?fa=location:missouri%7Clocation:cole+county. Longwisch, Cynthia Hill. Landmarks Association of St. Louis. Jackson School and Rock Spring School. National Register Nomination, Missouri DNR State Historic Preservation Office. 1990. Midmogis.org. GIS data for Figures 1 and 2. Accessed October 21, 2020 and December 16, 2020. Mills, Wilbur Thoburn. American School Building Standards. Columbus, Ohio: Franklin Educational Publishing Company, 1910. Mirel, Jeffrey. "The Traditional High School; Historical debates over its nature and function." Education Next, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1. Accessed December 18, 2020. http://educationnext.org/the-traditional-high- school/. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 9 Page 48 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 Missouri Kids Count. "School Nurses and the State School Nurses Consultant: A Continued Commitment to Children's Health." March 2016. Accessed February 20, 2021. https://mokidscount.org/wp- content/uploads/2016/03/School-Nurse-and-the-State-School-Nurses-Consultant 1.pdf. Missouri State Archives. Dr. Arnold G. Parks Collection. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://mdh.contentdm.ocic.org/digital/collection/post'c/id/l 14/rec/127 Missouri State Department of Education. Plans for School Improvement in Rural and Village Communities. 1914. The National Geologic Map Database. U.S. Geological Survey. 1967 topo map of Jefferson City. Accessed October 21, 2020. https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/topoview/ Nelson, Bryn. "School Design Through the Decades," November 4, 2014, Accessed February 11, 2021. www.mosaicscience.com/story/schooI-design-through-the-decades/. Nelson, Donna R. "School Architecture in Chicago During the Progressive Era: The Career of Dwight H. Perkins." Doctoral dissertation, Loyola University, 1988. Accessed February 2, 2021. https:Hecommons.luc.edu/cqi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3561 &content=luc.diss#'text=SCHOOL%2 OARCHITECTURE%201N%20CHICAGO%20DURI NG%20THE%20PROGEESS IVE%20ERA:,De gree%20of%20Doctor%20of%20Philosophy%20May%20.%201988. Patton, Sarah B. and Sarah Mondale. School, The Story of American Public Education. Boston, Massachusetts: Beacon Press, 2001. Prabook. "John H. Felt." Accessed October 20, 2020. https://Prabook.com/web/mohn.felt/l345895. Pruitt, Sarah. "When Fears of Tuberculosis Drove an Open Air School Movement." https://www.history.com/news/school-outside-tuberculosis July 30, 2020. Accessed April 5, 2021. Reavis, George W. "Better Schools for Country Boys and Girls." Missouri State Department of Education, 1914. Accessed February 16, 2021. https:Harchive.org/stream/plansforschoolim0l miss#page/n2/mode/1 up/search/felt Rosin, Elizabeth and Rachel Nugent. "Historic Resources of the Kansas City Missouri School District Pre - 1970 Jackson County, Missouri." National Register Nomination, Missouri DNR State Historic Preservation Office. 2012. Schroeder, Walter S. "Americanization of a German American Church." video transcript, https:// www.sos.mo.gov/archives/presentation/ap transcripts/germanimmigrants Accessed February 15, 2021. Sneed, C. M., M.D. and Guy Monteose Whipple, Ph.D. "An Examination of the Eyes, Ears, and Throats of Children in the Public Schools of Jefferson City, Missouri." The Psychological Clinic, December 31, 1908. Accessed March 2, 2021. https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/5138942. Spencer, Brenda. "National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form, Historic Public Schools of Kansas." National Register Nomination, Kansas Historical Society. 2005. Stateuniversity.com. "United States: History — Background." Accessed February 13, 2021. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 9 Page 49 Era, OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) https:Heducation.stateuniversity.com/pages/1627/United States HISTORY- BACKGROUND.html. "Common School Movement: Colonial and Republican Schooling, Changes in the Antebellum The Rise of the Common School." Accessed February 14, 2012. https:Heducation.stateuniversity.com/pages/1871 /Common-School-Movement.html. "Gary Schools." https://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/2002/Gary-SchooIs.htmI Accessed April 6, 2021. United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division. "Information and Technical Assistance on the Americans with Disabilities Act." Accessed October 20, 2020. https://www.ada.gov/ada intro.htm#:—:text=The%20Americans%20with%2ODisabilities%2OAct,B ush. United States Social Security Administration. "Social Security Related Topics: The Children's Bureau." Accessed February 16, 2021. https://www.ssa.gov/history/childbl.html. Woodcox, Cole and Claudia Minor. "Lincoln School." National Register Nomination, Missouri DNR State Historic Preservation Office. 2017. ZHA Inc. and J. Dennis Wilson & Associates. State Capitol Historic District Survey, 1989 — 1990. Missouri DNR State Historic Preservation Office. Accessed October 22, 2020. COAS002-S.pdf (mo.gov) I NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 10 Page 50 Verbal Boundary Description OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole County, Missouri - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) The Simonsen School boundary includes all the land surrounding the school on the north side of the 500 block of E. Miller St., except for a small section at the southeast corner of Jackson and E. McCarty Streets on the north side of Wear's Creek. The boundary is depicted in Figure 2. Boundary Justification The boundary for this nomination includes all land associated with the Simonsen School historically from the period of significance, 1914 to 1939. The former school is isolated from the surrounding area by the former school track on the west, Wears Creek on the north and a rock bluff adjacent to Marshall Street on the east. The Hobo Hill Historic District is adjacent to Simonsen on the south side of E. Miller Street. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 51 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole , Missouri -------------------County-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 1. Navigational map — in Jefferson City, most buildings face the Missouri River, so the fagade facing the river is typically known as "north" even though this may be more correctly "northwest." Map shows north, northeast, east, southeast, south, southwest, west and northwest as used in this nomination to aid the reader. Source: midmogis.org Accessed October 21, 2020. 0 Figure 2. Simonsen School Nomination Boundary. Jackson and E. Miller Streets, Jefferson City, MO Lat: 38.570963 Long: -92.169040 Source: midmogis.org Accessed December 16, 2020. pw,'r Q 1;14. . NPS Form 10-90o United States Department ofthe Interior National Park Service National Register OfHistoric Places Continuation Sheet Section number Fi-gures; Page 52 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonaenSohnn NameofPmpertY -C |-/C���2�-M-i-s-so-u-ri- --------------------------------- CountyandSta0e -N-/A __________________________________________________ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 3. Contextual yWop. Source: htbps://www.bing.00m/moos/Acceased October 14. 2020. Figure 4: Sanborn Mop, 1908. Accessed October 14. 2020. Source: httpa:/hwww.|oc.gov/nyaource/*1154m.g4104m_gO471519U8/?ep=12&r- 0.979.0.270.2758.1.180.0 NPS Form 10-90o United States Department ofthe Interior National Park Service National Register OfHistoric Places Continuation Sheet Section number Fi-gures; Page 53 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonaenSohnn NameofPmpertY -C |-/C���2�-M-i-s-so-u-ri- --------------------------------- CountyandSta0e —N -/A __________________________________________________ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 5: Postcard, Jefferson City High School, postmarked 1911. Source: Jane Beetern Figure 0:Sanborn maps —1916.Source, httpa://wvvvv]oc.gov/ooUecUona/aanborn- mooa/?fo=location: miaaouh967C|ocoUon:co|e+counb/.Accessed October 14.2O2O. | � =04B w 8 � NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 54 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole , Missouri -------------------County-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 7: Postcard showing 1914 addition and original school in background , not postmarked. Source: Jane Beetem collection. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 55 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonsenSchool ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name of Property -Col-e-C-o-u-n, -ty--M-i-s-so-u-ri -------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State -N-/A --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 8: Phasing of Additions, Illustration # 1. Source: Ebersoldt & Associates, 2021. Courtesy TD - Simonsen, LLC. AERIAL MAP SOUTHWEST ELEVATION HE AQ - - ffl-105PHOTOS swwww-umam AFFT=. LOCAIM Of ONGRAL 19,35 8CH60L qbEMOLiSHM FOA L- -J Y Bg WWI ALLTowi 1992=4STFUCT10N NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 56 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonsenSchool ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name of Property -Col-e-C-o-u-n, -ty--M-i-s-so-u-ri -------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State -N-/A --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 9: Phasing of Additions, Illustration # 2. Source: Ebersoldt & Associates, 2021. Courtesy TD - Simonsen, LLC. NORTHWEST ELEVATION NORTHEAST ELEVATION PHASE PHOTOS CORSTRILIGTION PHASE KEY" APFPMX LC-:;ATM-,NGr-C4M.-XA-1 19015V-HCOL "ACLjSHF;3 FCR L -J 1939 Cjnrr51Rw= tbNl 19140 YC*Ti TON 1939 CjMfYt1MJCT4GN IcMZ MNSIRWT ON NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 57 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonsenSchool ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name of Property Cole County, Missouri -- - - - -------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State _N/A -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 10: Cafeteria in Simonsen School, 1922. Source: Giffen, Hobo Hill, 128. Figure 11: Circa 1939 photo. Source: Giffen, Hobo Hill, 147. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 58 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole , Missouri -------------------County-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 12: Sanborn maps — 1939. Source, https://www.loc.gov/collections/sanborn- maps/?fa=location:missouri%7CIocation:cole+county. Accessed October 14, 2020. W 0 N ,r 21IL" I Figure 13: 1967 topo map of Jefferson City, showing no connection between E. Miller and Marshall St. east of school. Source: https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/img4/ht icons/overlay/MO/MO Jefferson%20City 323072 1967 24000 geo.jpg. Accessed October 21, 2020. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 59 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole , Missouri -------------------County-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 14: Blueprints – Drawings made for 1939 Addition, Historic Ground Floor Plan (Currently Basement). (To be compared to Figure 22, Existing Basement Floor Plan, Unchanged Areas.) These drawings include the 1914 addition. Source: Felt & Kriehn, Architects. Kansas City, MO. Courtesy TD - Simonsen, LLC. SocialDining 4 r _ Studies Room [� yI Art Doom Social Studies r Dining l {7(1mIle DW cD � Fountain Socia Studies ! _ Audgorium Fan Room Bath- SUOY , to —Bollerp +' Storage — .. Etta 9tt, ° Rcm 4i { Equipment— Metal Shap Fuel NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 60 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole , Missouri -------------------County-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 15: Blueprints — Drawings made for the 1939 Addition, Historic Gymnasium First Floor (left) and Historic Gymnasium Ground Floor (right). (Currently on Ground Floor and Basement levels.) (To be compared to Figure 22, Existing Basement floor plan, Unchanged Areas and Figure 23, Existing Ground Floor Plan, Unchanged Areas) Source: Felt & Kriehn, Architects. Kansas City, MO. Courtesy TD - Simonsen, LLC. FlUT rLook. PLAN F7 office/spray IRO 22 FLOOR -',AN IFinfshiny Rm Figure 16: Blueprints — Drawings made for 1939 Addition, Historic First Floor plan. (To be compared to Figure 24, Existing First Floor plan, Unchanged Areas.) These drawings include office/spray IRO 22 FLOOR -',AN IFinfshiny Rm Figure 16: Blueprints — Drawings made for 1939 Addition, Historic First Floor plan. (To be compared to Figure 24, Existing First Floor plan, Unchanged Areas.) These drawings include NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 61 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonsenSchool ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name of Property -Col-e-C-o-u-n, -ty--M-i-s-so-u-ri -------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State -N-/A --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name of multiple listing (if applicable) the 1914 addition. Source: Felt & Kriehn, Architects. Kansas City, MO. Courtesy TD - Simonsen, LLC. 7 E31- �rj sociai Science Instfumentation Rm Music Ofc- & Starage Social Practice Rooms E Biology Lab P Science Stage Janitor 1:7. Iris -T Auditoijum DW BOYS, t6iWFountain'' Fomtalhs -7MeiY RR Sdence Boys Girls waitlr g Rooms Storage L -7 Werk General' sec. Sdence ephbft: Social Social Sce Science:. cien T r % Principal Vault Figure 17: Blueprints - Drawings made for 1939 Addition, Historic Second Floor plan. (To be compared to Figure 25, Existing Second Floor plan, Unchanged Areas.) These drawings include 0 7 E31- �rj sociai Science Instfumentation Rm Music Ofc- & Starage Social Practice Rooms E Biology Lab P Science Stage Janitor 1:7. Iris -T Auditoijum DW BOYS, t6iWFountain'' Fomtalhs -7MeiY RR Sdence Boys Girls waitlr g Rooms Storage L -7 Werk General' sec. Sdence ephbft: Social Social Sce Science:. cien T r % Principal Vault Figure 17: Blueprints - Drawings made for 1939 Addition, Historic Second Floor plan. (To be compared to Figure 25, Existing Second Floor plan, Unchanged Areas.) These drawings include NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 62 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonsenSchool ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name of Property -Col-e-C-o-u-n, -ty--M-i-s-so-u-ri -------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State -N-/A --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name of multiple listing (if applicable) the 1914 addition. Source: Felt & Kriehn, Architects. Kansas City, MO. Courtesy TD - Simonsen, LLC. Clothing Lab ironing Erigiish Library & Study Haff -�6 Fitting & C)fflce Storage Food English Lab Practice Rooms i2 In Above Stage Engflsh Fn'dge DV4 Above A uditodum- DVV Fcaintains OYS Fountains' low Gids Toilet wom er�S 1-1 41 -1 Rest - Dre�sin ) Living & Stage I pining RM A udfton'm - Balcony 41- Frreotace English Lab. Bath I Bed antry Irmo ��n Boads English English o 17T7 .'home Arts English NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 63 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonsenSchool ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name of Property -Col-e-C-o-u-n, -ty--M-i-s-so-u-ri -------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State -N-/A --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 18: Blueprints — Drawings made for 1939 Addition, Historic Third Floor plan. (To be compared to Figure 26, Existing Third Floor plan, Unchanged Areas.) Source: Felt & Kriehn, Architects. Kansas City, MO. Courtesy TD - Simonsen, LLC. JanKor Math 11 i Above Auditorium e:1 DWFAtairis Math I. - Above Balcony Classroom. iy FountBim. Classmom + Classroom -j,(Asphalt Tile) GJ J;l NPS Form 10-90o United States Department ofthe Interior National Park Service National Register OfHistoric Places Continuation Sheet Section number Fi-gures; Page 64 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonaenSohnn NameofPmpertY -C |-/C���2�-M-i-s-so-u-ri- --------------------------------- CountyandSta0e —N -/A __________________________________________________ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 19. Blueprints — 1939 Addition, South and East Elevations. 1914 Addition shown in bottom drawing, right. Source: Felt 0^Khehn.Architects. Kansas City, MO. Courtesy TO - Simonsen, LLC. 6Z7" rLEVA NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 65 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonsenSchool ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name of Property -Col-e-C-o-u-n, -ty--M-i-s-so-u-ri -------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State -N-/A --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 20. Blueprints — 1939 Addition, Ventilation Fans and Heating System. Source: Felt & Kriehn, Architects. Kansas City, MO. Courtesy TD - Simonsen, LLC. AUDITUIZI UM - FAH - r I Lir P- $ toi L AVER 06NGE K6 MT V 'PEAIL W%W Of 6ONLE4L CbH1ttr-TF01I!,' v "I C-4F"ETIEFUS - FAL4 Y-11.rrIk 4 COIL P;R-QLJk1V-.EMLNT SIDE VIEW OF BOILER dONNIleTPON& Dr=7MI- OF DQIP TRAP CA31NIIIECTIONS AT ENDS Or rTEA.14 MAhH9 NPS Form 10-90o United States Department ofthe Interior National Park Service National Register OfHistoric Places Continuation Sheet Section number Fi-gures; Page 66 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonaenSohnn NameofPmpertY -C |-/C���2�-M-i-s-so-u-ri- --------------------------------- CountyandSta0e -N-/A __________________________________________________ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 21. 1992 Addition plan. Source: The Architects Alliance, Jefferson CityK8C). CourtoovTID -8innoneen. LLC. � Ln -_- -- --__ -----_ -__--_ --------- 5 r �--� NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 67 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonsenSchool ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name of Property -Col-e-C-o-u-n, -ty--M-i-s-so-u-ri -------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State -N-/A --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 22: Existing Basement floor plan, Unchanged Areas. (To be compared to Figure 14, Historic Ground Floor Plan and Figure 15, Historic Gymnasium Basement) Source: Ebersoldt & Associates, 2021. Courtesy TD — Simonsen, LLC. N EXISTING BASEMENT PLAN f7l' l UNCHANGED AREAS lfl� LEGEND: UNCMNG ED HISTORIC S PACE NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 68 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonsenSchool ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name of Property -Cole County, Missouri - - - - -------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State _N/A -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 23: Existing Ground Floor Plan, Unchanged Areas. (To be compared to Figure 14, Historic Ground Floor Plan and Figure 15, Historic Gymnasium Basement.) Source: Ebersoldt & Associates, 2021. Courtesy TD — Simonsen, LLC. GRO LIND FLOOR ROM KEY G04 Arf3Nt*?MM G35 inqLF-1 W4 YkM&N (W OfMCE 616 WEN CM OMCIE M TOILET CAU iftY&A, NL94M GO WOMM CIV C194S TOILET CA4 him U C*Z9 631 638 BOYS 8HCW" CAMLf. twnwen 1(3&7 M F1116 "OS LOC KEYR3 —2. F(; 131 (BOYS TOILET U51,ft, I - OR 02 FF rA I JEDLZ. IV4 OFF. ILO FF. GROUND FLOOR - EXISTING PLAN IN UNCHANGEDAREAS LEG E ?W! -AMR& IrMIM EA SPACE NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 69 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonsenSchool ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name of Property -Col-e-C-o-u-n, -ty--M-i-s-so-u-ri -------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State -N-/A --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 24: Existing First Floor Plan, Unchanged Areas. (To be compared to Figure 16, Historic First Floor plan.) Source: Ebersoldt & Associates, 2021. Courtesy TD — Simonsen, LLC. FIRST FLOOR - EXISTING PLAN "UNCHANGED AREAS s'!!!!w-MMMMMw I EA 1UWWMCjM1H1&TCWW SPMM NPS Form 10-90o United States Department ofthe Interior National Park Service National Register OfHistoric Places Continuation Sheet Section number Fi-gures; Page 70 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonaenSohnn NameofPmpertY -C |-/C���2�-M-i-s-so-u-ri- --------------------------------- CountyandSta0e —N -/A __________________________________________________ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 25: Existing Second Floor Plan, Unchanged Areas. (To be compared to Fiuna17. Historic Second Floor plan.) Source: Eberao|ct & /\aaouiotea. 2031. Courtesy TD — Simonsen, LLC. ~ SECOND FLOOR - EXISTING PLAN U� ' UNCHANGED AREAS LEGEND: ----- umcHAmGGEopnS-ornc NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 71 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonsenSchool ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name of Property -Col-e-C-o-u-n, -ty--M-i-s-so-u-ri -------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State -N-/A --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 26: Existing Third Floor Plan, Unchanged Areas. (To be compared to Figure 18, Historic Third Floor plan.) Source: Ebersoldt & Associates, 2021. Courtesy TD — Simonsen, LLC. MEN THIRD FLOOR - EXISTING PLAN UNCHANGED AREAS LEGEND. U NIC HANGED HISTORIC SFACE NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 72 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole , Missouri -------------------County-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 27: Central School (renamed Jefferson School in 1891). E. Miller and Monroe Streets, 1871 — 1910. Source: Giffen, Hobo Hill, 46. Figure 28: Postcard, Senior High School and Junior College, circa 1926. Source: Missouri State Archives, Dr. Arnold G. Parks Collection. https:Hmdh.contentdm.ocic.org/digital/collection/postoc/id/114/rec/127, Accessed February 25, 2021. r NPS Form 10-90o United States Department ofthe Interior National Park Service National Register OfHistoric Places Continuation Sheet Section number Fi-gures; Page 73 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonaenSohnn NameofPmpertY -C |-/C���2�-M-i-s-so-u-ri- --------------------------------- CountyandSta0e -N-/A __________________________________________________ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 29: J. H. Felt Four Room School Design, Source: Missouri State Department of Education, Plans for School Improvement in Rural and Village Communities, 1914. pxuN'r o^z^nmN, rorr" °^n'*^w*,v"v' Figure 30: Existing Floor Plan, First Floor, former BSchool. Source: Jane Beetann. �� Classrooms:�� Hallways: -&- Phase 1 Phase Phase NPS Form 10-90o United States Department ofthe Interior National Park Service National Register OfHistoric Places Continuation Sheet Section number Fi-gures; Page 74 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonaenSohnn NameofPmpertY -C |-/C���2�-M-i-s-so-u-ri- --------------------------------- CountyandSta0e -N-/A __________________________________________________ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 31: Existing Floor Plan, First Floor, former Moreau Heights Elementary School. Source: JaneBaetem. Classroom Classroom Bath-------- Taaoh � office - ^ ' Bath office .`z�' Hall Classroom NPS Form 10-90o United States Department ofthe Interior National Park Service National Register OfHistoric Places Continuation Sheet Section number Fi-gures; Page 75 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonaenSohnn NameofPmpertY -C |-/C���2�-M-i-s-so-u-ri- --------------------------------- CountyandSta0e -N-/A __________________________________________________ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 32: Existing Floor Plans, former Central Elementary School. Source: Architects Alliance. Courtesy: Jefferson City School District, Frank Underwood, email February 11, 2021. ... --| -�� LOWER LEVEL FLOOR PLAN 1-7.180 SF MAIN LEVEL FLOOR PLAN \\-7,010 8F NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 76 OMB No. 1024-001 SimonsenSchool ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name of Property -Col-e-C-o-u-n, -ty--M-i-s-so-u-ri -------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State -N-/A --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 33: Existing Floor Plans, Senior High School and Junior College. Source: Jefferson City School District, Frank Underwood, email February 11, 2021. L BASEMEN T LEVEL FLOOR PLAN 1W AW 24LAW JW 11L529 W YT IV 9 Wn 2f FIRST LEVEL FLOOR PLAN W Wr Im W it Mr T& i SECOND LEVEL FLOOR PLAN THNW LEVEL FLOOR PLAN NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 77 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole , Missouri -------------------County-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 34: Existing Floor Plans, East Elementary School. Source: Jefferson City School District, Frank Underwood, email February 11, 2021. East Elementary �n ray v Nld s n— 5279 E. McCarty S1.. JeH— Clly, MC M01I 05(152311 EXIT 27 213 EXIT RR i. 25 2 4 6 B GYMNASIUM (2009) 7 35 7 1 24 RR - I STAGE EXIT EXIT EXIT (Former Gym) EXIT - EXIT MEDIA CENTER EXIT 23 CAFETERIA - j EXIT 1a1 FkAr e F!" RR 10 12 14 16 is rJ r 11 13 13 15 17 ... RA. _ e F!" NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 78 OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole , Missouri -------------------County-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 35: Existing Floor Plans, West Elementary School. Source: Jefferson City School District, Frank Underwood, email February 11, 2021. 1952 UPPER LEVEL FLOOR FLAN 1952 �d 2009 Addition ***) 114N Cafeteria Kitchen X, I Irl M — 1952-- Gym S S.I SJ MAIN LEVEL FLOOR PLAN 22,345 eo \-2.612 BF Figure 36: Photo key map, Exterior. Source: Jane Beetem, Hobo Hill Historic District nomination, 2013 and 1992 Addition, The Architects Alliance, Jefferson City, MO. Courtesy TD - Simonsen, LLC. Not to scale. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page "W OMB No. 1024-001 SimonsenSchool ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name of Property -Col-e-C-o-u-n, -ty--M-i-s-so-u-ri -------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State -N-/A --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name of multiple listing (if applicable) L 2 4 V 1, V / I - -I F 4*64WL 4� 8 VG 8 z Figure 37: Photo Key Map, Basement level. Source: Ebersoldt & Associates, 2021. Courtesy TD — Simonsen, LLC. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page OMB No. 1024-001 SimonsenSchool ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name of Property -Col-e-C-o-u-n, -ty--M-i-s-so-u-ri -------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State -N-/A --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name of multiple listing (if applicable) ff M EXISTING BASEMENT PLAN UNCHANGED AREAS L F-4-- r- m n, U ff-- H AN -ZMD H S TC'R,,:: SPAM Figure 38: Photo Key Map, Ground level. Source: Ebersoldt & Associates, 2021. Courtesy TD — Simonsen, LLC. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 81 GROUND FLOOR ROOM KEY OMB No. 1024-001 SimonsenSchool ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name of Property -Cole County, Missouri - - - - -------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State _N/A -- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name of multiple listing (if applicable) .-C4 AITINL%6NM rim TORAT UP 24 ":4 'AHI CW OFFlff= -:!. upw dw 6mer- G1157esur-1 64a TO GYM G19 NUM& CA3 WOMIGN CTZ? CIMLS TORAIT a" WFW U d'29 .38 fidIrl. �HOWFA c4a-S SHOV" le"I a!Q ALts "Oys -DCKERS FG BOYS TOILE - GYM FW31 FW -1 TOWELS UP 24 IR ULAMJY� F 14ELE-c - �G21 G42 CORR. 37 OR GYM 01 EACHER­ I HOLDING LOUNGE FCA 51 K �OWF r Pal L J ) MEDIA , 32 0 FF. OFF. -FF.. AU MUFF. OFF GROUND FLOOR - EXISTING PLAN S�:;A_E 1256 UNCHANGED AREAS LEGEND, Figure 39: Photo Key Map, First Floor. Source: Ebersoldt & Associates, 2021. Courtesy TD — Simonsen, LLC. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page OMB No. 1024-001 SimonsenSchool ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name of Property -Col-e-C-o-u-n, -ty--M-i-s-so-u-ri -------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State -N-/A --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name of multiple listing (if applicable) FIRST FLOOR - EXISTING PLAN UNCHANGED AREAS LEG ENM UNWANGM 141SIC4W SPACE Figure 40: Photo Key Map, Second Floor. Source: Ebersoldt & Associates, 2021. Courtesy TD — Simonsen, LLC. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page OMB No. 1024-001 SimonsenSchool ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name of Property -Col-e-C-o-u-n, -ty--M-i-s-so-u-ri -------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State -N-/A --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name of multiple listing (if applicable) LEGEM: U N CHAN GE D AR EA�, U F" M MM H MIOM Figure 41: Table of Jefferson City Schools, Civil War to Present. All historic photos from Giffen, Hobo Hill, current photos by Jane Beetem. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole , Missouri -------------------County-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Schools Used by Jefferson City School Board, Civil War to Present Name Location / Dates Extant Private Photo Notes Address of Use (Yes or or No) Public Brick Across from 1865 - School St. Peter's 1866 No Public No photo available. Church Operated by German & English School Assn. circa 1854 - 1868. Owned by public -�- school system ^ - 1868-1903, Private - replaced by 200 block -1854 L 4� ,; Washington W. McCarty -1868 y School on Elm German & between / St. Was English Washington Public apartments School & 1854- 1868- after sale in Association Broadway 1904 No 1903 1904. 3 stories, brick, 9 rooms. 1 Capacity 600 students. Photo 1876. Roof removed 1904. Sold to Central: Lutheran School Church, used (renamed as school Jefferson until 1961, School in Miller & 1871- demolished 1891) Monroe 1910 No Public 1962. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole , Missouri -------------------County-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) 600 block E. McCarty, Lafayette north side 1891 - Sold, later School (617-623) 1907 No Public - - r demolished. On NR. Sold to Carpenter's Union in 1891- 1955. Broadway 1955 Recently Broadway & Dunklin - (rebuilt rehabbed as School NE corner 1904) Yes Public apartments. MO Constitution of 1875 provided for No photo available. School for E. Miller - separate African former log circa 1W education of American public 1867- black students school 1874 No Public students. Rented School for space in African Second No photo available. American Baptist 1874 - students Church 1875 N Public School for German & African English Named See above. American School, W. 1875- Washington students McCarty St. 1903 No Public School 1891. Leased to Lincoln University Washington .*,"p' after 1956 purchased by School - ,."= university African �_ _ 1962; American •�'y''< y�"� demolished students 700 block 1903- for Highway only. of E. Elm St. 1956 No Public 50. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole , Missouri -------------------County-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Replaced by A s+'.. East School, demolished. High & „ Site of former Fairview Chestnut - 1903 - 119 t F Blackwell's School NE corner 1938 No Public _ Garage. -o — ° Replaced by Ei ■ ° e West School - West End 1107 W. 1903- converted to School Main St. 1955 Yes Public apartments. E. Miller Simonsen and Jackson 1914— >i°p Vacated, School Streets 2019 Yes Public - 2019 n' On NR. Sold, Original Hillcrest sG �C now used by Moreau and 1914- ^� Montessori Heights Moreau Dr. 1955 Yes Public _ _ _ --- —_ = School. Demolished and replaced by Southwest School in r 1954. Shown 800 block circa 1916 St. Mary's 1914- with second Park School Boulevard 1954 No Public floor. Replaced former Central School. Replaced by Thorpe J. Gordon School, 1956. New Now school Central 315 E. 1919- --,- _ = district School Dunklin St. 1956 Yes Public offices. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole , Missouri -------------------County-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Photo 1926. Converted in 2005to Jefferson City Academic Senior High Center & School & Miller Junior 501 1926- _ -- — Performing College Madison St. present Yes Public Arts Center. Replaced Fairview School. Cafeteria added later. Major addition 1400 E. 1938- _� ,., 2009. Still in East School High St. present Yes Public use. Replaced West End School. Eight classrooms & cafeteria added in 1952. Addition West Dix Road & 1938 - 2009. Still in School W. Main St. present Yes Public use. Converted to Southwest Early Childhood 812 St. Center in Southwest Mary's 1954 - 2010, still in School Blvd. present Yes Public use. Additions in Moreau - i - -_ 1961, 1990 Heights 1404 Hough 1955- 11C and 2009. Still School Park Rd. present Yes Public in use. Additions in South 301 Linden 1955- 1963, 2009. School Drive present Yes Public - Still in use. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole , Missouri -------------------County-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Thorpe J. 1101 Addition in Gordon Jackson 1956- 2009. Still in School Street present Yes Public use. Fourth Jefferson City public high school. Major Jefferson d; renovation in City High 609 Union 1964- = -- « 2019. Still in School St. present Yes Public use. —' Addition in Belair 701 Belair 1967- �__. = 2009. Still in School Dr. present Yes Public use. Acquired from Summit C-2 district, built 1954. Additions in 1958, 1965, 1970, 1976, 1999 and North 285S. 1968- \\ 2009. Still in School Summit Dr. present Yes Public use. Cedar Hill 1510 Vieth 1969- 969-School School Dr. present Yes Public Still in use. Nichols Still in use, Career 609 Union 1974 - _ rehabilitated Center St. Present Yes Public in 2019. Addition in Callaway 2715 State 1980-F 16use. 2009, still in Hills School Rt. AA present Yes Public Lewis and Clark 325 Lewis - Middle and Clark 1993- 993-School School Drive present Yes Public In use. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page OMB No. 1024-001 Simonsen School Name of Property Cole , Missouri -------------------County-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Thomas Jefferson 1201 Middle Fairgrounds 1993 - School Road present Yes Public In use. Lawson 1105 Elementary Fairgrounds 2008- 008-School School Road present Yes Public — _ In use. Pioneer 301 Pioneer 2008 - Trail School Trail resent Yes Public _ In use. 1650 Capital City Cavalier 2019— High Drive present Yes Public _ _ = In use. School 1 3t 011.0 . - ' �. � _ - - r ,ate- ++• � • 777=—� gVE A 3111 SIMOEM! YA�Ao de low- R _ F 3-�r�•._ .� 6. `■ w C I4 0 0L '+ aii�iiti ■ MEN ��wiii•�� - i.■�s�i�r■ an w I ■ �� i ■ ■��1■�1 wli� +� `■ w C I4 0 0L '+ i -mini aii�iiti ■ MEN ��wiii•�� - i.■�s�i�r■ an w I ■ �� ■ ■��1■�1 wli� +� ■ i G.a...�at�. mollm■rr 0D HOT I ENTER i CYN �U�cT1o. - .+sob.,.., a a iMEN am �it�i• Wl ■ a i -mini r, ~~_..". _ Es f _ F polo k oil !i .0 .. .r i� 1 r •1 ,1. .- ik,ar I I JI•11 I ! ��I I . .:'�,I� I�� M i �I .! I �1� ;'1 ! Q�y. r! 7 Y�Y PM �M—ww a ripai CO -1 W - imWAV ON Now maw MOW mow Aw lomw mow Amo go I maw snow Ow V- -Ono �Spwowojw-p M-01WOW ;two- Ow 0: So- biw I MINOR e ZFEEMM MAMEAU i r•-MMRMPEI- , - ... _ r wsm - - r -- i r 3or 1 G. yo-. F, r �- 4 XOM Jr A' w firl r)l -- -- a - f i�,M-M*, y AM Lr r so 0 owltW-,pr,— "017 Alo Air Jv /VA ars 4 0 SEEM I. I NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service OMB No. 1024-0018 National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in National Register Bulletin, How to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form. If any item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. Place additional certification comments, entries, and narrative items on continuation sheets if needed (NPS Form 10-900a). 1. Name of Property Historic name Orchard Acres Other names/site number N/A Name of related Multiple Property Listing N/A 2. Location Street & number 2113 W. Main St. City or town Jefferson C State Missouri Code MO County Cole 3. State/Federal Agency Certification Code 051 not for publication N/A I vicinity Zip code 65109 As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this —nomination — request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property _ meets does not meet the National Register Criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant at the following level(s) of significance: national statewide local Applicable National Register Criteria: _ A X B X C _ D Signature of certifying official/Title Date Missouri Department of Natural Resources State or Federal agency/bureau or Tribal Government In my opinion, the property _ meets does not meet the National Register criteria. Signature of commenting official Date Title State or Federal agency/bureau or Tribal Government 4. National Park Service Certification I hereby certify that this property is: entered in the National Register determined eligible for the National Register determined not eligible for the National Register removed from the National Register other (explain:) Signature of the Keeper Date of Action 1 United States Department of the Interior NPS Form 10-900 Orchard Acres Name of Property 5. Classification National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 Cole County, Missouri County and State Ownership of Property Category of Property Number of Resources within Property (Check as many boxes as apply.) (Check only one box.) (Do not include previously listed resources in the count.) Contributing Noncontributing X private building(s) 2 buildings public - Local X district 1 sites public - State site 3 structures public - Federal structure objects object 6 Total 6. Function or Use Historic Functions (Enter categories from instructions.) DOMESTIC/single family dwelling EDUCATION/research facility/laboratory Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register N/A Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions.) DOMESTIC/single family dwelling 7. Description Architectural Classification Materials (Enter categories from instructions.) (Enter categories from instructions.) 201h century revivals/Regency Colonial Revival x NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION ON CONTINUTATION PAGES foundation: STONE walls: BRICK CEDAR roof: ASPHALT other: 2 United States Department of the Interior NPS Form 10-900 Orchard Acres Name of Property 8. Statement of Sianificance Applicable National Register Criteria (Mark "x' in one or more boxes for the criteria qualifying the property for National Register listing.) ❑ A Property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. F B Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction. ❑ D Property has yielded, or is likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. Criteria Considerations (Mark "x" in all the boxes that apply.) Property is: A Owned by a religious institution or used for religious purposes. B removed from its original location. C a birthplace or grave. D a cemetery. k, E a reconstructed building, object, or structure. F a commemorative property. G less than 50 years old or achieving significance within the past 50 years. National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 Cole County, Missouri County and State Areas of Significance Health/Medicine ARCHITECTURE: Colonial Revival Period of Significance 1939; 1950-1970 Significant Dates 1939, 1950, 1953 Significant Person (Complete only if Criterion B is marked above.) Dr. Everett Dornbush Sugarbaker Cultural Affiliation N/A Architect/Builder Weber, John X STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE ON CONTINUTATION PAGES 9. Major Bibliographical References Bibliography (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form.) Previous documentation on file (NPS): Primary location of additional data: preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67 has been State Historic Preservation Office requested) Other State agency previously listed in the National Register Federal agency _previously determined eligible by the National Register Local government designated a National Historic Landmark University recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey # Other recorded by Historic American Engineering Record # Name of repository: Missouri Historic Preservation Office recorded by Historic American Landscape Survey # Historic Resources Survey Number (if assigned): 10. Geographical Data United States Department of the Interior NPS Form 10-900 Orchard Acres Name of Property Acreage of Property 13.6 Latitude/Longitude Coordinates Datum if other than WGS84: (enter coordinates to 6 decimal places) 1 38.591234 -92.209764 fi Latitude: Longitude: Latitude: Longitude: UTM References (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet.) NAD 1927 or NAD 1983 1 Zone 2 Zone Easting Northing Easting Northing National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 Cole County, Missouri County and State 3 Latitude: 4 Latitude: _ 3 Zone 4 Zone Longitude: Longitude: Easting Northing Easting Northing Verbal Boundary Description (On continuation sheet) A map (Figure 2) has been used in lieu of a verbal description Boundary Justification (On continuation sheet) A map (Figure 2) has been used in lieu of a verbal description 11. Form Prepared By name/title Joe McElrov. Kav McElrov. Shauna Wiet. Rena Ann Pedersen. Jacob Morris. MO SHPO organization McElroy Associates date Oct. 2, 2020 street & number 1164 George Lane telephone 630 717-1067 city or town Naperville state IL zip code 60540 e-mail Joe9204@amail.com Additional Documentation Submit the following items with the completed form: • Maps: o A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. o A Sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. Key all photographs to this map. • Continuation Sheets • Photographs • Owner Name and Contact Information • Additional items: (Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items.) Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C.460 et seq.). Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 18 hours per response including time for reviewing instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of this form to the Office of Planning and Performance Management. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1849 C. Street, NW, Washington, DC. United States Department of the Interior NPS Form 10-900 Orchard Acres Name of Property Photographs National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 Cole County, Missouri County and State Submit clear and descriptive photographs. The size of each image must be 1600x1200 pixels (minimum), 3000x2000 preferred, at 300 ppi (pixels per inch) or larger. Key all photographs to the sketch map. Each photograph must be numbered and that number must correspond to the photograph number on the photo log. For simplicity, the name of the photographer, photo date, etc. may be listed once on the photograph log and doesn't need to be labeled on every photograph. Photo Log: Name of Property: Orchard Acres City or Vicinity: Jefferson City County: Cole State: MO Photographer: Joseph McElroy; Rena Pedersen Date Photographed: June 28, 29; Oct. 10, 11, 2020 Description of Photograph(s) and number, include description of view indicating direction of camera: 1 of 22: View of north fagade. MO_Cole County_Orchard Acres _0001. Looking south 2 of 22: Front door. MO_Cole County_Orchard Acres -0002. Looking south 3 of 22: Crest & pedimented gable. MO—Cole County_Orchard Acres -0003. Looking south 4 of 22: South fagade. MO_Cole County_Orchard Acres _0004. Looking south 5 of 22: West fagade. MO_Cole County_Orchard Acres _0005. Looking east 6 of 22: East fagade. MO—Cole County_Orchard Acres -0006. Looking west 7 of 22: Foyer & curved staircase. MO_Cole County_Orchard Acres _0007. Looking south 8 of 22: Living room with fireplace. MO_Cole County_Orchard Acres_0008. Looking southeast 9 of 22: Music room with bay window. MO_Cole County_Orchard Acres _0009. Looking north 10 of 22: New dining room fireplace. MO—Cole County_Orchard Acres_0010. Looking west 11 of 22: New dining room ceiling. MO_Cole County_Orchard Acres_0011. Looking up 12 of 22: Kitchen. MO_Cole County_Orchard Acres _0012. Looking southeast 13 of 22: Sitting Room. MO—Cole County_Orchard Acres_0013. Looking north 14 of 22: Master bedroom. MO_Cole County_Orchard Acres -0014. Looking east 15 of 22: Dressing area with crystal chandelier. MO_Cole County_Orchard Acres -0015. Facing south 16 of 22: Doctor's office. MO_Cole County_Orchard Acres_0016. Looking east 17 of 22: Boys third floor bedroom. MO_Cole County_Orchard Acres_0017. Looking east 18 of 22: Basement fireplace. MO_Cole_County_Orchard Acres_0018. 19 of 22: Lab/garage. MO_Cole County_Orchard Acres _0019. Looking south 20 of 22: Outdoor Fireplace. MO_Cole County_Orchard Acres_0020. Looking south 21 of 22: Apple bin. MO—Cole County_Orchard Acres -0021. Looking south 22 of 22: Fallout shelter. MO—Cole County_Orchard Acres -0022. Looking south United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Orchard Acres Cole County, Missouri Name of Property County and State Figure Log: Include figures on continuation pages at the end of the nomination. Figure 1: Google Contextual Map. Not to scale. Figure 2: District Site Map, Latitude/Longitude Coordinates. Not to scale. Figure 3: Doctor's bag. Figure 4: Tissue and blood samples. Figure 5: Medical equipment. Figure 6: An Atlas of Surgical Oncology by Everett D. Sugarbaker,1983. Figure 7: Assessor's Map. Site Map. Not to scale. Figure 8: Contributing resources. Source: Assessor's map/on-site research. Not to scale. Figure 9: Photo map. Numbered exterior photos. Not to scale. Figure 10: First floor, Sugarbaker home. Not to scale. Source: Site visit. Figure 11: Second floor, Sugarbaker home. Source: Site visit. Not to scale. Figure 12: Third floor, Sugarbaker home. Source: Site visit. Not to scale. Figure 13: Orchard Acres sign on W. Main St. Figure 14: 1950s view (snow) of north facade. Figure 15: Dr. Everett D. Sugarbaker's patent for "The Gadget." Figure 16: 503 E. High Street, Sugarbaker Tumor Clinic Figure 17: Villa Panorama House, 1310 Swifts Highway. Figure 18: Grove House, 505 East State Street. Figure 19: Zuendt (Johnson) House, 920 East Jefferson. Figure 20: 1107 Moreau Drive; within the Moreau Drive Historic District. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page Narrative Description Summary Description Statement Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres is a 13.56 -acre property at 2113 West Main Street in Jefferson City, Cole County, Missouri (Figure 1). It includes two contributing buildings: a 3,839 -square -foot brick and cedar Colonial Revival home, built in 1939; and an 800 -square -foot science laboratory built in 1953 by Dr. Everett and Mrs. Geneva Sugarbaker, who purchased the property in 1950. The home is a late Colonial Revival style of the relatively rare Regency sub -type. Colonial Revivals are not common in Jefferson City, according to the City of Jefferson, Missouri Historic Preservation Plan.' Even less common is the sub -type, Regency. Virginia and Lee McAlester write: "The Regency Variation of the Colonial Revival... loosely based on English rather than American precedents, was popular in the 1930s." 2 Regency Colonial Revivals like the home at Orchard Acres are characterized by shallow overhangs and more restrained, finer detailing than typically found in Colonial Revivals. Sometimes called "Modern Georgian," although the overall look of Regency homes is noted for its refinement of detail, greater restraint and more delicate design .3 The resource count—in order of importance -is as follows: • The house, which includes the home office where Dr. Everett Sugarbaker did cancer research and writing; • The garage/laboratory, where Dr. Sugarbaker did experiments with assistance from his children, including four future cancer experts whose training began there; • The apple orchard that inspired the property's name; • A 1962 fallout shelter; • An outdoor fireplace; and • An apple bin. Elaboration Setting: Visitors traveling along West Main Street in Jefferson City will have little trouble picking out the subject property (Photo 1), the only large lot single-family home in the area, set back 234 feet south of Main by an expansive lawn. Adjacent properties include several small lot single-family houses on the south side of Main Street. All are relatively consistently spaced, with moderate setback from the street. The small lot single-family houses immediately northeast of Orchard Acres were apparently subdivided before the Orchard Acres home was built in 1939 (Figure 2). The Sugarbaker family moved to the Orchard Acres property in 1950, with their family of 10 children. Changes made at that time were sympathetic to the style of the house., and the facade, remained virtually unchanged. In 1952 the third -floor attic was converted into a dormitory style 1 City of Jefferson Historic Preservation Plan Appendix A: Jefferson City's Architectural Styles. P.9 1 McAlester, Virginia and Lee. P. 330. 3 https://dahp.wa.gov/historic-preservation/historic-buildings/architectural- style-guide/regency-revival NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 2 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 bedroom for the family's four sons. In 1954 a 15 -by -25 single story dining room with a vaulted ceiling was added to the south (rear) elevation. Southwest of the house, in the back yard, is the lab/garage, built in 1953. Also found in the back yard are a stone fireplace, a fallout shelter from the 1950s, and an earth - sheltered apple cellar that was installed by the previous owners who ran the apple orchard continued by the Sugarbakers. Exterior Description: The residence is a three -bay, center hall Colonial with a slightly projecting pedimented center pavilion. The two-story, brick house is flanked by original one-story wings (Figure 3). All roofs, constructed with asphalt shingles, are gabled. The western wing in the form of a two -car garage has a roofline pierced by dormer windows on the north and south elevations. The main structure has paired chimneys topped with modern metal chimney caps. On the front elevation are matching original downspouts with ornamental scuppers. Unlike most Colonials, the home exhibits asymmetrical balance because of the first -floor bay window on the west side of the primary (north) facade. Although not symmetrical, the visual weight is balanced by a large ten -over -ten fixed window on the east side of the fagade. The Adamesque doorway, common in the Regency style, is flanked by pilasters and topped with a full entablature (Photo 2). Family members who grew up in the house believe the traditional wood front door is original. Based upon photographic evidence it does date to the period of historical significance, 1950-1970. The door is typical of the Colonial style with the exception that rather than six panels, the top two are replaced by four small decorative arched topped windows. The curved metal railings found on each side of the door are Regency features. Flanking the main entrance are paired, diamond -pane leaded glass casement windows. Above the front door is the original coach light. North elevation wood windows are original true divided light double -hung sash. The center second story window is comprised of a group of three nine -over -nine double hung sash. Above this is a circular floral medallion, also typical of the Regency variation (Photo 3). All the double hung windows on the north fagade are topped by brick, soldier coursed, flat arches with the exception of the large, first floor east window which features a brick segmental arch. First floor windows all feature original wood storms and — with the exception of the bay window — brick sills. The windows are flanked by fixed decorative shutters which are not of a dimension they would be if operable and functional. These shutters are shown in photos from the mid-1950s, so they are concurrent to the period of significance. It is unknown whether they were installed by the Sugarbakers or the original owners. Rear (south) facade is bisected by the 15 -by -25 -foot single -story dining room with vaulted ceiling that was added in 1954 (Photo 4). Exterior bricks match those used on the first floor of the main house and round topped windows were likewise used to echo the original openings on the east screen porch (now enclosed sunroom). On the south elevation the gable roof is pierced by shed roof dormers over the east sunroom wing and over the middle of the rear elevation. The attic dormer windows were part of the 1952 remodeling of the attic into boys' sleeping quarters (Photo 5), and the attic above the sunporch into Doctor Sugarbaker's home office. The window sash on the shed dormers are done in the Chicago style with a large plate glass fixed sash flanked, in this case, by narrow four -light casement windows. There is a door and small second story balcony off a bedroom above the kitchen. Immediately east of the kitchen door is an original boot scraper. Kitchen windows are a pair of six -light casements over the kitchen sink. Six -over -six wood double hung windows on second floor face south from the master bedroom. The second story south elevation windows have aluminum storms. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 3 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 West fagade: The original attached two -car garage is the west wing of the house and recessed back from the main part of the building. As with the main house, the garage has a gable roof. It is brick on the first floor and cedar siding on the upper level. The west elevation has two six -over -six double hung windows on the first floor with soldier course segmental arches. The gable end features six -over -six paired double hung windows with aluminum storm windows and flat arches. The second -floor west elevation has an eight -over -eight window with double hung sash. The attic gable end of the west elevation of the main house has six -over -six double hung windows flanking the west chimney (Photo 5). East facade includes the east wing sunroom with arched windows (Photo 6). Originally an open screened porch, the Sugarbakers converted it into a three -season room with fixed, archtop transoms above jalousie windows. Doctor Sugarbaker's home office was created from a walk-in attic above this space. On the gable end is a single, double -hung, six -over -six window. Interior Description: The entry hall is floored by polychrome encaustic tile in a repeating octagon and square motif. Between the entry and foyer is a large arched uncased opening typical of the 1930s. The foyer is lit by the original Colonial style pendant light. Subtle Regency details are present in the form of delicate metal swag decorations. The doorway is flanked by a small half bath on the right (west) and a ladies' makeup room on the left. The focal point of the foyer is a curved Regency staircase (Photo 7). The original turned balusters are painted white, with a walnut rail with spiral and newel. Steps are pine. This differs from a typical Colonial Revival, which would have a square or classical staircase. Looking up the staircase one will find traditional medallion pattern wallpaper, which is original at least to the period of significance (1950 to 1970) and perhaps before. The medallion wallpaper echoes the rosette in the center pediment of the primary elevation. To the right (west) of the staircase is a hallway leading the dining room and kitchen. In the hallway is an original recessed telephone niche. To the left (east) of the foyer is a formal living room with large windows on the north (front) and east sides. On the east wall is a traditional Colonial Revival fireplace with classical surround featuring pilasters and entablature with the cornice as the mantle. The firebox is surrounded by black marble and has a black marble hearth (Photo 8). To the right (west) through an arched doorway the foyer leads to the original dining room, which features the bay window on the north elevation. As the family grew, a larger dining room was added to the rear (south) fagade and this room became a music room. It has crown molding and chair rails and like the rest of the first floor, original wide -plank pine floors (Photo 9). The hallway, which can be accessed from the foyer, living room or original dining room, leads on the south side of the house to the new dining room, which family members still call the "New Room" (Photo 10). The Sugarbakers built it in 1954, expanding a much smaller room. Now serving as a multi-purpose room, it includes a vaulted, beamed ceiling and a round top window. It is finished in knotty pine on the walls and ceiling. A fireplace made of random ashlar stone with a reduced chimney throat is along the west wall. The room is lit by a ship's wheel chandelier (Photo 11). The kitchen retains excellent integrity. Original elements include linoleum floors over oak flooring, and vintage painted cabinets along with blue and white glazed porcelain tile counters and half wall. The white glazed walls are bordered in royal blue and inset with coordinating decorative tulip and swag tile pencil molding (Photo 12). Both the east and west sides of the house have recessed wings. To the west is a two -car attached garage accessible via a small hallway off the kitchen. The hallway leads to the garage, the back yard and the basement. The wing on the east side of the home is a sunporch with louvered arched windows. It is now used primarily for storage of medical books. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 4 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 Second floor: The curved staircase leads to a second story hallway with vintage dogwood pattern wallpaper. The master bedroom and bath are on the east side of the second floor and two secondary bedrooms are on the west. These share a Jack & Jill bathroom. At the top of the stairs, immediately above the main first floor entry on the north fagade, is a small open sitting room with Civil War era furniture and Chinoiserie wallpaper (Photo 13). Throughout the second floor are arched, uncased openings, original crown moldings and baseboard, and original six panel doors with glass knobs. The second story floors are oak. On the northeast corner of the second floor is the master bedroom (Photo 14). Under an arched opening on the east side is an alcove flanked by paired closets. On the west side is a dressing area leading to the vintage pink tile master bath. The dressing area features an original crystal ceiling fixture (Photo 15). A door on the east wall the room leads to Dr. Sugarbaker's office (Photo 16). It is also finished in knotty pine. Although some miscellaneous storage has been added, the office remains essentially unchanged from the period of significance, including the doctor's black bag, slides with blood and tissue samples, and other medical equipment, along with many medical books (Figures 4, 5, and 6). Attic and basement: The home includes a master bedroom and two secondary bedrooms.To accommodate the children, six girls and four boys, the attic was converted into a dormitory style bedroom, complete with a bathroom and knotty pine walls and ceiling. (Photo 17). The partially finished basement has a foundation made of rough faced cut stone. A shallow coal burning fireplace and the tile floors are original decorative features dating to the time of the Sugarbakers, as is a knotty pine summer kitchen. The green and tan tiles are interspersed with decorative tiles of a sailing motif. In the utility room, the original ductwork for an octopus furnace is extant although the furnace itself is not (Photo 18). Exterior Property Features: Laboratory/garage (contributing): Southwest of the main house, accessed most easily through the back door off the kitchen, is the 1953 building (Photo 19) used as a single -car garage and --more importantly --as a scientific laboratory by Dr. Sugarbaker and his assistants, otherwise known as his children. All got an introduction to biology by helping their father perform experiments on a special type of rat delivered from Boston monthly.' The gable roofed, one and a half story garage is constructed of first floor brick with aluminum siding above. The east fagade has a small one -over -one double hung window to the left of a wood and glass service door, and two metal casement windows to the right. The North fagade has an aluminum replacement single car garage door and another casement window. The building was used as one bay for a garage and the other bays for the lab. The north elevation has a second story batten door which accesses a storage area. The building is now used for storage, with no laboratory or medical equipment remaining. However, no structural changes—inside or out—have been made and the interior plan remains unchanged from the period of significance. Hardscape (contributing): A 1950s era outdoor fireplace, is extant and dates to the period of historical significance. It is constructed of white painted brick and is sympathetic to the house (Photo 20). Near the fireplace is an earth bermed, cast concrete fruit cellar to store apples harvested from the orchard, which makes up the majority of the property. It features limestone retaining walls and a wood batten door at the entrance (Photo 21). It is topped by metal turbine ventilator. Also found in the back yard is a fallout shelter built during the 1962 (Photo 22).5 Diggs, Deborah Sugarbaker. Fugitive Spring. Chapter 2. Ibid, 58-60. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 5 Integrity Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 The Orchard Acres property retains integrity, and the character -defining features necessary both to express the architectural style, as well as the productive activities of Dr. Sugarbaker are retained. In 1950, when Everett and Geneva Sugarbaker moved to Orchard Acres, they already had four children, with six more to follow. It was clear they would need to expand their home, but they chose to do so in a way that respected the original architectural character of the home. The 1950s and 1960s are infamous for insensitive remodeling, but that was not the case at 2113 West Main Street in Jefferson City. Although changes were made, the setting — the slope upward from West Main Street, the large front lawn, the orchard — remains intact. The Sugarbakers made the following changes: • 1952: Third floor attic converted into bedroom & washroom for the family's four sons; • 1953: Laboratory/one car garage built behind (southwest) of main home; • 1954: Dining room with vaulted ceiling; • Office added off master bedroom on southeast side of house; • Screened porch on east side of home converted to three -season room The home retains integrity from the period of significance. The changes described above are secondary to the original design. As is evident from exterior photos taken in the mid-1950s and in 2020, the front elevation remains entirely original. There are no changes to the windows or openings, and the original chimney and roof placements are unaltered. The door surround, bay window, leaded glass windows, stoop railings, coach light and decorative rosette complete the historic fagade. Original pine and oak floors, door and window trim, stair and balustrade, lighting, doors and doorknobs, chair rails and fixtures define the interior. Throughout the home, carefully installed vintage wallpaper remains. A one-story sympathetic addition was added to the rear of the home. The kitchen retains its original shape and finishes. All improvements by the Sugarbakers used the same type of gabled roof and brick as in the main house. The dining room where the Sugarbakers drafted medical text, An Atlas of Surgical Oncology: Fundamental Procedures, Volumes I and // appears much as it did during that time period. None of the changes detract from the Regency sub -style, which is overall more delicate than commonly found in Colonial Revival. Character -defining features particular to this sub -style are as follows: The detailing is slightly more modern, as evidenced in: the Adamesque center entry with cornice, pilaster and denticulated door surround; true divided light double hung windows; shallow and unarticulated roof/wall junction, round or octagonal fagade ornamentation; and delicate railings and ironwork. The one -car garage and laboratory that Dr. Sugarbaker built behind the home was constructed in brick with a gabled roof, and the space where experiments were conducted is retained. Outside, features original to the period of significance abound. These include the boot scraper behind the back door, the apple bin and outdoor fireplace. And there is a fallout shelter, which the Sugarbakers installed during the Cold War. While fortunately never used for its original purpose, it is a representative feature historically associated with homes of the era. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 6 Statement of Significance Summary Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County Missouri -------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres, 2113 West Main Street, Jefferson City, Cole County Missouri is nationally significant under National Register of Historic Places Criterion B: HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE: "Property associated with the lives of persons significant in our past"; and locally significant under Criterion C: ARCHITECTURAL SIGNIFICANCE: "Property embodies distinctive characteristics of a type or period." Built in 1939 by John Weber, owner of a local ice cream company, the 13.56 -acre property includes a broad front lawn, a 3,839 -square foot Colonial Revival house, a laboratory/garage, and an orchard of approximately 10 acres. Jefferson City does not have many Colonial Revival houses, and the house at Orchard Acres is even more unusual because it is Regency, a sub -set of the Colonial Revival style. Orchard Acres is also significant as the location where Dr. Everett Sugarbaker did pioneering cancer research in his home office and then performed experiments in the laboratory/garage that he built outside the house. The location of these activities also influenced his children, who acted as his lab assistants, and four of whom became oncology surgeons and researchers, developing medical techniques that have brought relief to countless cancer patients. After Dr. Sugarbaker retired, he and his wife Geneva wrote a well-regarded medical text, An Atlas of Surgical Oncology: Fundamental Procedures, Volumes I and II, working from the room that had served as a dining room when they were raising 10 children. (Figure 6) Architecturally, the period of significance begins when the house was built in 1939. Its historical significance dates from 1950, when the Sugarbakers bought Orchard Acres. Narrative As an unusual example of the Regency sub -set of Colonial Revival architecture, the property meets Criterion C, Architectural Significance. Inspired by British more than American precedents, Regency Colonial Revivals like the one at Orchard Acres are noted for refinement of detail and more delicate design than their Colonial Revival cousins. As noted earlier, the Jefferson City Historic Preservation Plan says there are few Colonial Revival homes in Jefferson City. An interview with a city staff member confirms this. She describes Colonial Revivals as "not prevalent," perhaps because of Jefferson City's traditional pattern of slow growth, exacerbated by the Great Depression and World War 11.6 The home is a late Colonial Revival style of the relatively rare Regency sub -type. Colonial Revivals are not common in Jefferson City, according to the City of Jefferson, Missouri Historic Preservation Plan.' According to Virginia and Lee McAlester, Colonial Revivals are part of a larger movement, the Eclectic, in which "many different styles vie with one another in a sort of friendly competition within which the sharpest lines are drawn between historical or `period' styles and `modern' styles that eschew earlier precedent. "'(Page 39) Senzee, Rachel. Email. July 7, 2020 ' City of Jefferson Historic Preservation Plan Appendix A: Jefferson City's Architectural Styles. P.9 P.319 NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 7 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County Missouri -------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 Even less common is the Colonial Revival sub -type, Regency. The McAlesters write that the "Regency variation of the Colonial Revival, loosely based on English rather than American precedents, was popular in the 1930s." They point to octagonal windows, simplified door surrounds, and unusually plain roof -wall junctions as "typical of this variant." 9 Regency Colonial Revivals like the home at Orchard Acres are characterized by shallow overhangs and more restrained, finer detailing than typically found in Colonial Revivals. Regency examples are sometimes called "Modern Georgian." Indeed, author Lester Walker, in describing Georgians, cites gabled roofs, well-balanced exteriors with twin end chimneys, and elaborate doorways as typical features. "Separate rooms were designed for such activities as cooking, dining, entertaining, and sleeping." All these also describe the Regency sub -style, which Walker says was popular in the south.10 Authors Robert Schweitzer and Michael Davis avoid the term "Regency," but they refer to "Modern Georgian Revival" as type of "Modern Colonial Revival, citing one example of a Sears kit home as "a three -bay version of the modern Georgian Plan, with a center entryway and flanking windows. The greatest use of ornament was usually at the entryway."11 Again, this would apply to the Regency at Orchard Acres. However, the overall look of Regency homes is noted for its refinement of detail, greater restraint and more delicate design .12 The McAlesters agree that there are strong similarities between the Regency style and the other Colonial Revival sub -styles they identify, including Adam—seen in the Orchard Acres doorway --and Georgian. The style guide from the State of Washington mentions several Regency features that can be found in the Orchard Acres home, including: * "Frequently, the two story mass of the building is delineated by the use of different cladding types on the first and second floors." The Orchard Acres home is brick on the first floor and cedar on the second story. * "Key character defining features of the stye include its two story box -shaped mass," along with roofs with a shallow or no eave overhang. * "Small one story gable, hip or flat roof additions are often found attached to the main fagade." At Orchard Acres, small additions are found on both sides of the main house. One is a porch, the other an attached garage.(State of Washington historic preservation office) A Regency Colonial Revival - with its delicate detailing, elaborate stairway, railings and ironwork - is even more unusual and not mentioned in the city's historic preservation plan.13 Although not prevalent in Jefferson City, several Colonial Revival examples can be found. However, these houses differ greatly from the Regency sub -style seen at Orchard Acres. The examples include: • Villa Panorama, 1310 Swifts Highway, built in 1907; (Figure 17) McAlester, Virginia and Lee. P. 330. ° American Homes: The Landmark Encyclopedia of Domestic Architectures. The Overlook Press, 1996, p. 92) 11 America's Favorite Homes, Detroit: Wayne State University, 1990, p. 205 12 https://dahp.wa.gov/historic-preservation/historic-buildings/architectural- style-guide/regency-revival 1' City of Jefferson Historic Preservation Plan Appendix A: Jefferson City's Architectural Styles. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 8 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County Missouri -------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 • Grove House, 505 East State Street, built in 1912; (Figure 18) • Zuendt (Johnson) House, 920 East Jefferson, built in 1913. (Figure 19) These houses, listed individually on the National Register, all feature bulky Classical porches, contrasting sharply from the more subtle Regency at Orchard Acres. A later example of Colonial Revival is 1107 Moreau Drive, Jefferson City, MO 65101, built in 1937 within the Moreau Drive Historic District. See News Tribune article about this home. (Figure 20) This house is similar to the Orchard Acres home in that both have center pavilions, formal balance, paired decorative windows flanking the entry, and decorative iron. The Moreau Drive house is a typical Colonial Revival; Doric entry porch and deeper eaves are ubiquitous to traditional revivals of the 1920s and 1930s. In contrast, with a broad, flat fagade, shallow eaves, delicate articulation and sweeping curvature of the stoop rail and bay roof, 2113 West Main (Orchard Acres) embodies the restraint of Regency Revival. In addition to the home and lab, other structures behind the main house contribute to Orchard Acres' historic integrity: A 1962 fallout shelter sits near the driveway and lab, complete with bunk beds, one light fixture, and a stockpile of antibiotics in sealed brown medicine jars. The roughly 10 -acre apple orchard in the back of the home was manned many summers by prisoners from the Missouri State Penitentiary. Orchard Acres and early life of Deborah Digges, (the sixth child) is the subject of her memoir, "Fugitive Spring." Digges was awarded the Kingsley Tufts Poetry Award in 1996.11 For Criterion B, the main focus of this nomination is Dr. Everett D. Sugarbaker, a pioneering cancer surgeon who developed an important medical device and also wrote the book, An Atlas of Surgical Oncology: Fundamental Procedures Volumes 1 and 2. Context is provided by the fact that Dr. Sugarbaker and his wife, Geneva, had four sons who all became oncology surgeons and researchers after being introduced to science in their boyhood home. A day in the life of Dr. Sugarbaker A typical day for Dr. Sugarbaker during his years in practice typically began and ended the same way. Up at 6:00 a.m., Dr. Sugarbaker reviewed notes and patient files in his home office located off the master bedroom. He could often be found referencing large medical texts and journals, many of which still line the bookshelves. Making notes in the margins and on patient charts, he prepared for the day ahead. His daughter, Rena, recalls her father leading the family in devotions every morning at 6:30 before leaving the home to make patient rounds at St. Mary's Hospital in Jefferson City from 7:00 a.m. until 9:00 a.m. From 9:00 a.m. until 1:00 p.m. he performed his surgeries at St. Mary's. During his surgical time, his head nurse at the Sugarbaker Tumor Clinic (503 E. High Street) would perform radiation therapy on many of his cancer patients. Dr. Sugarbaker had one of the first radiation machines in the area. At 1:00 p.m., Dr. Sugarbaker made his way to the Clinic for his patient appointments. While patients always had appointments, many came early, and the line flowed out the door and into the street, all waiting to see Dr. Sugarbaker. Around 3:00 p.m., one or more of Dr. Sugarbaker's six daughters would arrive after school to act as candy stripers until the Clinic closed at 6:00 p.m. From 6:00 p.m. until roughly 7:00 p.m., Dr. Sugarbaker would record his patient notes by speaking into a Dictaphone that he kept at the Clinic. 14 nytimes.com/2009/04/17/arts/17digges.html NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 9 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County Missouri -------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 Dinner followed shortly after Dr. Sugarbaker's return home, and then he would retire to his home office once again to adjust patient files and research strategies. When it was time to turn in for the evening, Dr. Sugarbaker would grab whatever textbooks detailed his surgeries for the following day and spent the remainder of the evening going over the procedures he was set to perform. Many evenings, a child with a question or a bad dream would enter Dr. and Mrs. Sugarbaker's bedroom to find their mother asleep and their father studying from a large surgical textbook next to her in the master bed. On his days off, which included weekends and most Thursdays, Dr. Sugarbaker spent his time compiling his research and performing scientific experiments. Most often, he could be found in his home office. His daughters Rena and Geneva recall that weekends were spent doing three things: going over the financials of the household at his desk overlooking the south lawn, researching new medical techniques in his home office (and functional medical library), and performing medical and scientific experiments in the lab/garage that he built behind the home. It was in this lab that he housed colonies of rats and taught his children to care for them, inject them with certain tumors, and recorded the outcomes for future use and medicinal purposes. His experiments, the breakthrough byproducts of which are detailed further in this narrative, were performed on Thursdays, Saturdays, and after 12:00 p.m. on Sundays, as the family of twelve first attended the First Baptist Church of Jefferson City every Sunday morning. Nearing the end of his career, when all ten children had left the home, Dr. and Mrs. Sugarbaker worked together to compose An Atlas of Surgical Oncology, a two -volume medical textbook still used and referenced in medicine today. They pulled files and books from the home office and spread them out over the countertops in the "New Room," countertops which typically held feasts for a family of twelve. Their daughter, Geneva, will never forget visiting home during this writing process and being amazed at the amount of medical information covering their dining area, while her parents sat together writing. Dr. Sugarbaker's home office (Photo 16), located next to the master bedroom, is where he did his initial research. The next step in the scientific process – experimentation – took place in the laboratory/garage that he built in the back yard. His children – including the four future oncologists – acted as his assistants. Based largely on what he learned at Orchard Acres, Dr. Sugarbaker then put that knowledge to work, treating patients in an extant building at 503 East High Street in downtown Jefferson City.(Figure 16) His home office is where he would spend countless hours, usually late at night, reading medical books or examining blood and tissue samples. Most of the research for his books took place here, as did research for "The Gadget," a medical device he patented in the 1950s to help abdominal surgery patients avoid the need for ostomy bags. For context it should be noted that Mrs. Geneva Sugarbaker was a long-time member of the local school board and the home was the site of meetings and luncheons during Geneva's public -school integration efforts, as well as community events, medical seminars and ladies' teas -15 After Dr. Sugarbaker retired, Geneva used her nursing background to help her husband write An Atlas of Surgical Oncology: Fundamental Procedures, Volumes I and II, published in 1983. The following information showcases the impact of Dr. Everett D. Sugarbaker—Jefferson City's first cancer surgeon --and the importance of the property at 2113 W. Main, which remains today virtually unchanged from its period of significance. The home was lived in by the Sugarbakers, a family of twelve that pursued ` Jefferson City Post Tribune. Sept. 20, 1955. Society Page 3. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 10 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County Missouri -------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 groundbreaking medical research, community outreach, missionary work, and the training of future world- renowned surgical oncologists, educators, artists, and pioneers. Dr. Sugarbaker's home office on the second floor of the home still houses his medical bag along with many of his surgical instruments, microscopes, search papers, medical mission records from his travels to Haiti and Bangladesh, patient slides, and books. His research lab, used to study metastases in rats, was in the garage right next to the home. The entire family participated in studies in the lab. Six of the ten children entered the medical field. Although the children's medical accomplishments did not take place at Orchard Acres, that is where they were introduced to medical science and experimentation. Their father did background reading, research, and writing in his home office—located adjacent to the master bedroom—and then—aided by his children -- performed experimental research in the laboratory/garage outside the house. In retirement, Dr. Sugarbaker, assisted by his wife, wrote An Atlas of Surgical Oncology: Fundamental Procedures from the room that had previously served as the kitchen when the house was full of children. (Photos 10, 11) This is the chain of logic: Orchard Acres was imbued with medical science since the father was a physician and the mother a nurse. This led to the sons becoming physicians who were both practitioners and researchers, just like their father, who son Dr. David Sugarbaker referred to as "purpose and focus personified."16 In his Presidential address to The American Association for Thoracic Surgery the son tells what his father accomplished, which included inventing "The Gadget," patented in 1953.(Figure 15) The device spared anterior resection patients from permanent colostomies." Years later, David focused on mesothelioma which, at that time, had no acceptable treatments. Most patients died within months of diagnosis. David invented treatments that have increased survival rates for mesothelioma patients. A colleague stated: "Because of his tireless efforts, the mortality rates after surgery for mesothelioma are now acceptable, similar to those associated with other major thoracic procedures." His brother, who is still active, is Dr. Paul Sugarbaker. He has similarly increased survival rates for cancer patients. David is deceased (2018), as are two of his brothers, Dr. Everett Van Dyke Sugarbaker, (2006) who taught and practiced in south Florida for many years, and Dr. Stephen Phillip Sugarbaker (2016), who reopened his father's clinic in Jefferson City in 1994. Although they are gone, the legacy of what they learned from the parents lives on, embodied by those who benefited from David's research on mesothelioma" and Everett's patient treatment, as evidenced by the tributes of former patients after his death. One simple example: "An extra 27 years added to my life thanks to this great man and surgeon .1120 Finally, the Everett D. and Geneva V. Sugarbaker Foundation, a charitable foundation formed by Everett and Geneva in 1997, began in the home and the first ten or so annual meetings of The Foundation were held in the living room. The Foundation supports healthcare, education, and missions and "strives to implement change for good in the United States and abroad, using the principles of giving, generosity and stewardship. To this day, the ten Foundation trustees (six Sugarbaker children and four Sugarbaker grandchildren) and their extended families gather annually at the home for the Foundation meeting. Everett D. Sugarbaker, a surgical oncologist, and Geneva V. Sugarbaker, a registered nurse, raised 10 children in their home at 2113 W. Main Street, Jefferson City, Missouri. Their four boys all followed in their father's footsteps, attending Cornell University Medical School and becoming surgical oncologists. The boys have attributed this to their upbringing in the home, watching their father build his practice at the " Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sept. 2014, p. 768. 17 Ibid, pp. 769-770. " Cosselli, Joseph, MD. Tex Heart Inst J. 2019 Feb; 46(1): 1-2. 19 Texas Medical Center News https://www.tmc.edu/news/2015/02/david-j-sugarbaker-m-d/ 20 www.legacy.com/obituries/name/everett-sugarbaker-obituary NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 11 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County Missouri -------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 nearby Sugarbaker Tumor Clinic(Figure 16, 503 E. High Street), and assisting in "the lab" that was located in their garage. It was in this lab that the children helped their father perform medical experiments on white Wistar Rats flown in from Boston. The children helped their father study tumor biology on the rats as he sought cures and treatments for cancer. The children eventually saw him publish his findings in Cancer, the most prestigious cancer journal of the time. This article, entitled "The organ selectivity of experimentally induced metastases in rats" was written by Dr. Sugarbaker in his home office at 2113 W. Main St. (where he kept his slides, assumptions, and research findings), and has since been recognized as "one of the foundational contributions to the understanding of metastatic disease.1121 Three of Everett's sons (Everett, David, and Stephen) have passed on, leaving behind a legacy of excellence and innovation. Each of them, along with their father Everett, changed the face of medicine and significantly improved the outcomes for patients diagnosed with some of the most difficult and painful cancers. Their individual legacies are detailed in the following outline. Everett and Geneva's remaining son, Paul H. Sugarbaker, is a leader in peritoneal mesothelioma in Washington, D.C. He developed the Sugarbaker Procedure — a controversial operation that is seen as the last hope for those suffering from advanced stages of some cancers. Two of Everett and Geneva's daughters also entered the medical field. Constance Moore is a registered nurse and Elizabeth Akre is a pediatrician, both practicing in St. Louis, Missouri. Finally, Deborah Digges was a poet, memoirist, and a long time Professor of English at Tufts University in Massachusetts. Her work has been published in the New Yorker Magazine, The Atlantic Monthly, American Poetry Review, Yale Review, and others. Her legacy is also detailed in the following outline. In addition to their 10 children, Everett and Geneva had 30 grandchildren and 28 great- grandchildren. Of their grandchildren, six are medical doctors or currently in medical school. The legacy of Dr. and Mrs. Everett Sugarbaker lives on through their children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren all over the world. The following outline details the lives and careers of Everett D. and Geneva V. Sugarbaker, as well as the lives of their children who are no longer with us (Everett, Deborah, David, and Stephen). Everett Dornbush Sugarbaker, MD (12/4/1910 – 1/7/2001): Cancer Surgeon 1. Education 22 a. Pre -Med, Wheaton College, Wheaton, IL (1931) b. Medical School, Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY (1935) 2. Career23 a. Intern - Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI b. Resident - Memorial Hospital, New York City, NY (1935 – 1939) i. The first cancer hospital in the United States. ii. Everett published many seminal papers. iii. Everett, together with his fellow residents, founded the James Ewing Society which later became the Society of Surgical Oncology. c. Chief of Surgery - National Cancer Institute (NCI), Baltimore, MD 71 The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, September 2014, 770. `' News & Tribune obituaries. Everett D. Sugarbaker. 21 Ibid. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 12 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County Missouri -------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 Chief of Staff & Chief of Surgery - Ellis Fischel State Cancer Hospital, Columbia, MO (1942 -1947) i. "First surgical oncologist to practice west of the Mississippi ... "24 ii. Together with his staff, Everett published over 100 papers over 10 years. iii. Established a blood bank, built hospital teams and infrastructure. e. Chief of Surgery - Sugarbaker Clinic for Treatment of Cancer and Allied Diseases, 503 E. High Street, Jefferson City, MO (1947 -1983)25 i. Equipped clinic with its own radiation therapy machine, radiology equipment, and minor surgery procedure rooms. f. Dr. Sugarbaker was on call on a regular basis for the Missouri State Penitentiary prisoners on Capitol Avenue. 3. Discoveries a. The "Lab"26 Everett's love of tumor biology and his quest for answers, particularly regarding the mechanism behind metastatic spread of cancer, motivated him to build a laboratory in the garage that was situation right next to the family home at 2113 W. Main St., Jefferson City, MO. With the technical assistance of his sons and daughters, Everett maintained a colony of white Wistar rats in the lab, which were regularly flown into Jefferson City from the Charles River Laboratories in Boston, MA. 1. Based largely on research done in his home office, Everett developed and maintained 3 experimental tumor lines by retransplanting the cells every 2 weeks into fresh rats. He free-hand injected emulsified tumor cells from 3 different tumor lines into the left ventricle of normal rats, then carefully autopsied them and described the different metastatic patterns. 2. He recorded the organ distribution of gross metastases found in 46 rats that underwent free-hand left ventricular puncture with emulsified tumor cells and he established that each of these 3 tumors had a distinct pattern of metastatic spread. 3. The paper entitled "The Organ Selectivity of Experimentally Induced Metastases in Rats" was published in Cancer, the most prestigious cancer journal of its time .27 a. This paper and his work, which established the so-called "seed -soil theory of metastases," is recognized as one of the foundational contributions to the understanding of metastatic disease. b. "The Gadget" - US patent issued in 1953 for rectocolic anastomosis instrument (by using this "gadget," Everett was able to save the lower sphincter in a large number " Humphrey L. Quinine and Quarantine: Missouri Medicine Through the Years. Columbia: University of Missouri Press. 2013:81:36-52. 25 Jefferson City - the Beginnings. P. 16. 26 Sugarbaker, David. Presidential Address to the American Association for Thoracic Surgery. 2' Sugarbaker, ED. The organ selectivity of experimentally induced metastases in rats, Cancer, 1952;5:606- 12. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 13 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County Missouri -------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 of patients and thus spare his patients from a permanent colostomy).28 i. Everett worked with a German machinist who had a one-man shop located near the train station in Jefferson City, MO to develop the "gadget." ii. Instrument was commercialized by Sklar Surgical Instruments Company. 4. Recognitions and Memberships29 a. Distinguished Service to Society Award, Wheaton College, 1960: "For outstanding and distinguished service to mankind as a physician and surgeon, author and Christian leader." b. Wheaton College Scholastic Honor Society c. James Ewing Society d. President of Missouri Division of American Cancer Society e. Society of Surgical Oncology f. Society of Head and Neck Surgeons g. Founding member of the Everett D. and Geneva V. Sugarbaker Foundation II. Geneva (Van Dyke) Sugarbaker, RN (10/27/1911 —12/28/2015) — Nurse, community leader a. Education 30 i. Bachelor of Science, Wheaton College, Wheaton, IL (1933) ii. Nursing Degree, Patterson General Hospital b. Career31 i. Nursing Teacher - Lenox Hill Hospital, New York City, NY ii. Geneva was the mother of 10 children (born in the years 1940, 1941, 1943, 1945, 1948, 1950, 1952, 1953, 1954, and 1956). She went back to nursing in her husband's medical practice at the age of 60 once her children had been raised. c. Community Service32 i. Established the Peter Pan School for handicapped children, Jefferson City, MO (currently the Special Learning Center) on the second floor of Everett's clinic." ii. Organized a prison ministry at the State Women's Prison in Tipton, MO for 5 years 1. Geneva brought her children along to her prison ministry. She had all of her older children cutting red roses in the spring from their yard so that each mother at the prison could have a corsage on Mother's Day. iii. Jefferson City First Baptist Church — As a Sunday School teacher for 35 years, 21 Sugarbaker, David J. Presidential Address to the American Association for Thoracic Surgery. 29 Wheaton College Distinguished Service to Society Award for Everett D. Sugarbaker. 30 Geneva Van Dyke Sugarbaker obituary. News & Tribune. https://www.newstribune.com/obits/2016/jan/03/geneva- sugarbaker/41183/ 31 Sugarbaker, Paul H. Tribute to Geneva Van Dyke Sugarbaker 32 Giffin, Jerena East. House on Hobo Hill. 1964. 33 "Private Group Begins Experiment in School for Mentally Retarded." News and Tribune. Dec. 22, 1957. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/51808563/peter- pan-school- NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 14 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County Missouri -------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 Geneva taught both young teenage girls and adult women. She continued teaching Sunday School well into her 90s. iv. Geneva founded a home -missions project focusing on the care of needy "hill" families in the hills above Jefferson City. The people knew the area as "goat hill." She regularly visited certain shacks and provided food and clothing, as there was no welfare in those days in the Ozarks. Her children accompanied her often to care for these poor families. v. Geneva used the home at 2113 W. Main Street to take in missionary families associated with Wheaton College over a 40 -year period. vi. Founding member of the Everett D. and Geneva V. Sugarbaker Foundation Recognition and Memberships i. Distinguished Service to Family Award, Wheaton College (1994)34 ii. President and Member of Jefferson City Board of Education (served for 16 years, 12 as President) 1. Led the Jefferson City Public School integration effort in the mid-1950s, almost a decade before the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Geneva went ahead with an aggressive and complete integration effort, which was successful .31 2. Gary Kremer, the Executive Director of the State Historical Society of Missouri and noted Jefferson City historian, elaborated on the Sugarbaker Family and Orchard Acres in a June 4, 2020 communication: "Geneva Sugarbaker—she was a member of the Jefferson City school board during the mid-1950s, when the decision to integrate the public schools was made. My mentor, Dr. Lorenzo J. Greene, a Lincoln University professor, was also the Chairman of the subcommittee on Education for the Missouri Advisory Committee to the United States Commission on Civil Rights. In 1959 he authored a "Report to the United States Commission on Civil Rights on Desegregation of Schools in Missouri by the Missouri Advisory Committee." In that report, and to me personally through the years, Dr. Greene always sang the praises of Mrs. Sugarbaker. In his 1959 report, Dr. Greene described a forum held at the Missouri Hotel in Jefferson City on June 3, 1954, about two weeks after the Brown v. Board of Education decision. Geneva Sugarbaker was chosen to participate in this forum as a "representative [white] Missourian." Here's what Greene quoted her as saying about Brown: "That decision was made years and years ago, possibly back from time eternal by a Supreme God. All men are created equal, and that is the only way I could feel about it. You might be interested to know what my children's reaction was to the Supreme Court's decision. They have been so very nonchalant about it, as if it should always have been that way; because that was our teaching." As an aside, Geneva Sugarbaker seems always to have been in the forefront of progress. In 1956, she was one of 10 women in the country selected by the Federal Housing and Home Finance Agency to act as a discussion leader at the Women's Congress on Housing, held in Washington, D.C., April 23-25, 1956. This meeting was held to get women's views about the "modern 34 Newspaper article. News & Tribune. " Sugarbaker, Paul H. Tribute to Geneva Van Dyke Sugarbaker. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 15 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County Missouri -------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 American home." Geneva Sugarbaker was widely known and just as widely admired!" 3. Penned the foreword to "The House on Hobo Hill, The History of the Jefferson City Public Schools"" iii. Jefferson City Parks and Recreation Commission 1. Geneva spoke at the Federal Conference on Housing for the United States about the need for residential areas to have adequate parks and churches (see Figure 1 from Life Magazine).31 2. Served on the Park Board for almost 20 years iv. Geneva was appointed by the District Court Judge in Cole County to the Missouri Department of Corrections Board of Visitors. This group discovered that juvenile first-time offenders were jailed with hardened criminals and often suffered abuse in the county jail. This was changed. She served on the board for more than a decade in the 1970's. v. Helped establish a community shelter (The Juvenile Attention Center) for troubled teens. SUGARBAKER CHILDREN BIOGRAPHIES Everett Van Dyke Sugarbaker, MD (8/6/1940 — 2/5/2006) — Graduated from Cornell University Medical College in 1966. Commissioned officer with the United States Public Health Service from 1968 —1970. Founded the Miami Cancer Institute in 1980 and his own private practice, Surgical Oncology Associates, Miami, FL. Frequent speaker on the subject of breast cancer and melanoma at national meetings and the author of many articles.38 a. Everett performed surgery on head and neck, thoracic, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and dermatological cancer patients. b. "Dr. Everett Van Dyke Sugarbaker was one of the most comprehensively trained cancer surgeons of his generation. He was as technically accomplished as any cancer surgeon can be .1139 c. Everett contributed to the advancement of medical care in Ipiales, Columbia. He traveled there several times a year to help doctors treat cancer cases and to start cancer programs. He also rebuilt hospitals and nursing homes in Armenia, Colombia following the 1999 earthquake. d. For information on his impact on his patients, please see the attached "Guest Book for Everett Van Dyke Sugarbaker.'140 2. Deborah Leah (Sugarbaker) Digges (2/6/1950 — 4/10/2009) — Poet and Memoirist — Received Bachelor's in English from the University of California, Riverside in 1975 and a Master's in English from the University of Missouri in 1982, as well as a Master of Fine Arts in Poetry from the Iowa Writers' Workshop in 1984. Authored four well-received poetry 36 Giffen. Forward. Magazine article. Life Magazine. 38 Obituary, Everett V. Sugarbaker. News & Tribune. 39 Ibid. 40 Legacy.com. Online guest book. https://www.leaacv.com/obituaries/name/everett- suaarbaker- obituary?pid=16650307&pace=7 NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 16 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County Missouri -------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 collections and two equally well-received memoirs. Professor of English at Tufts University, Medford, MA (1986 - 2009).41 a. Deborah's poems were widely anthologized and appeared regularly in The New Yorker and other publications. b. In her work, "Fugitive Spring," Deborah illuminated a middle American childhood that was at once ordinary and out of the ordinary: she wrote of the convicts from the local jail who joined them each fall to pick the apples in the orchard behind their house; her unease at having to spend time at her father's medical practice, at which the Sugarbaker children were expected to help Out ... "42 "Poet Digges (Late in the Millennium) has had an interesting upbringing, and here she chronicles it with humor and love. Raised on a Missouri apple orchard, she was exposed to realities of life and death early on. Her father was a doctor specializing in cancer, so contact with the terminally ill became an everyday affair. She describes how he involved his children, letting them assist in his experiments with rats and mice. "43 c. Honors: fellowships from the Guggenheim Foundation, the National Endowment for the Arts, the Ingram Merrill Foundation, and the Kingsley Tufts Poetry Award, then $50,000, in 1996 for "Rough Music.1144 3. David John Sugarbaker, MD (8/5/1953 - 8/28/2018) - Bachelor of Science, Wheaton College, Wheaton, IL (1975). Graduated at the top of his class in 1979 from Cornell University Medical School. a. Chief of Division of Thoracic Surgery at Brigham and Women's Hospital, MA for 27 years. Richard E. Wilson Chair Professor of Surgical Oncology at Harvard Medical School. b. Over the course of his career, Dr. Sugarbaker published over 300 scholarly articles and authored Adult Chest Surgery, the definitive textbook in his field." C.Surgery (the first dedicated general surgery division in the United States), David met a patient who had mesothelioma. At that time, there was no accepted treatment, and nearly all patients died a few months after diagnosis. Dr. Sugarbaker redesigned the risky operation for these patients, which had been essentially abandoned, and reported improved outcomes in extrapleural pneumonectomy in 1992.46 i. Dedicated 25 years to establishing the International Mesothelioma Program at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, MA, earning him the nickname "Mr. Mesothelioma." ii. Because of his efforts, the mortality rates after surgery for mesothelioma are now acceptable, similar to those associated with other major thoracic procedures. c. Discoveries and Accomplishments " Columbia Tribune. Obituaries. http://www.columbiatribune.com/article/20090424/News/304249611 42 "Deborah Digges, Poet Who Channeled Struggles, Dies at 59." New York Times. April 17, 2009. 43 "Fugitive Spring: A Memoir." Publishers Weekly. https://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-394-57722-7 44 Ibid. New York Times, April 17, 2009. 45 Alfred Thomas obituary. https://www.bcm.edu/departments/surcfery/news- events/suaarbaker-adult-chest- 46 In Memoriam: David J. Sugarbaker MD. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 17 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County Missouri -------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 i. Developed first general thoracic surgical training track in the U.S. in 1992, going on to train over 80 residents and placing about 2/3 of his graduates into leading academic positions. ii. Founded and led the Surgery Committee for the National Cooperative Clinical Trials Group, now the Alliance for Clinical Trials. iii. Performed the first lung transplant and the first heart-lung transplant in Massachusetts. iv. Performed and led New England's first triple organ transplant and the first transplantation of four organs from a single donor. V. In 2002, Dr. Sugarbaker founded the International Mesothelioma Program with the central goal of finding a cure for the disease. His program attracted patients from all over the world. He developed the techniques of cytoreductive surgery and was the first to introduce the goal of macroscopic complete resection. He also defined, perfected, and taught a new surgery known as the extra -pleural pneumonectomy, which has subsequently been globally adopted47 1. Received the Pioneer Award from Mesothelioma Applied Research Foundation in 2012. vi. In 2014, David founded Baylor College of Medicine Lung Institute, was the first Chief of the new Division of General Thoracic Surgery in the Michael DeBakey Department of Surgery and established the Mesothelioma Treatment Center. vii. Served as 94th president of the American Association for Thoracic Surgery and served as Councilor, Treasurer, and President of the AATS Foundation. 1. Please see Dr. Sugarbaker's Presidential Address48 entitled "Clarity of purpose, focused attention: The essence of excellence." In it, David tells the story of his father, describes growing up in the home at 2113 W. Main Street, and discusses how his home and family influenced his life and career. 49 4. Stephen Phillip Sugarbaker, MD (3/13/1956 — 6/21/2016) — Bachelor of Science, Wheaton College, Wheaton, IL. Graduated from Cornell University Medical College in 1978. Completed surgical training at Kaiser Permanente in San Francisco and was an attending surgeon and assistant professor of surgery at The University of Missouri in Columbia, Missouri. Fellow and Member with the American College of Surgeons. In 1994, he fulfilled his parents' dream of re- opening his father's Medical Practice in Jefferson City, Missouri." a. Dr. Sugarbaker published multiple articles in the area of nutrition and cancer treatment.51 i. Evaluation of parenteral nutrition in the postoperative patient. ii. The role of the small intestine in ammonia production after gastric 47 Ibid. Alfred Thomas obituary. 48 AATS Annual Meeting Presidential Address video. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cpgghg2NFaO " Sugarbaker, David. Presidential Address. Ibid. J0 Stephen P. Sugarbaker Obituary. 51 Published articles, Stephen P. Sugarbaker. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3122335/ NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 8 Page 18 Conclusion OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County Missouri -------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) blood administration. iii. Characterization of in vivo suppression of syngenic tumor by allogenic effector In addition to being significant under Criterion B: Historical Significance—as the site of pioneering cancer research and where another generation of oncologists were first exposed to medical research --Orchard Acres is also significant under Criterion C, Architectural Significance. Built in 1930, an unusual example of the Regency sub -set of Colonial Revival architecture, the main house meets Criterion C, as discussed in the previous section of this nomination. As noted there, the Jefferson City Historic Preservation Plan says there are few Colonial Revival homes in Jefferson. (Appendix A: Jefferson City's Architectural Styles) An interview with a city staff member confirms this. She describes Colonial Revivals as "not prevalent," perhaps because of Jefferson City's traditional pattern of slow growth, exacerbated by the Great Depression and World War 11.52 As a Regency Colonial Revival—with its delicate detailing, railings and ironwork—is even more unusual and not mentioned at all in the city's historic preservation plan. Even if the house were nondescript, the property is still National Register eligible because of the association with groundbreaking medical research conducted there from 1950 to 1971. The first surgical oncologist west of the Mississippi River, Dr. Sugarbaker was a noted researcher, practitioner and author. Groundbreaking medical research, experiments, and writing took place in the home and lab, making Orchard Acres significant for its strong associative value of a medical pioneer who did much of his work there. Also, after being introduced to scientific research at home, four sons became cancer surgeons, treating patients and making discoveries that benefit cancer patients to this day. " Senzee. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 9 Page 19 Bibliography Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 Digges, Deborah S. Fugitive Spring: A Memoir. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 1992. FARGO.http://www. sugarbakeroncology.com/FARGO Giffin, Jerena East. The House on Hobo Hill: The History of the Jefferson City Public Schools. Jefferson City, MO: Jefferson City Public Schools. 1964 Housewives on Housing. Life Magazine. June 4, 1956, 66. Humphrey L. Quinine and Quarantine: Missouri Medicine Through the Years. Columbia: University of Missouri Press. 2013:81:36-52. Jefferson City Post Tribune. Sept. 20, 1955. Society Page 3. Jefferson City — The Beginnings. P. 16. Kremer, Gary R. Exploring Historic Jefferson City. Jefferson City: City of Jefferson. 2003. Kremer, Gary R. , and Holland, Antonio F, Missouri's Black Heritage. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press, revised 1993. Legacy.com Online guest book. https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/name/everett- sugarbaker- obituary?pid=16650307&page=7 McAlester, Virginia & Lee. A Field Guide to American Houses. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 1995. News & Tribune. Everett D. Sugarbaker obituary. News & Tribune. Everett V. Sugarbaker obituary. Feb. 6, 2006. News & Tribune. Geneva Van Dyke Sugarbaker obituary. Jan. 3, 2016. Povack, Tim. "The Sugarbaker Family Tree." Asbestos. com, website from The Mesothelioma Center. 2020. "Private Group Begins Experiment in School for Mentally Retarded." News and Tribune. Dec. 22, 1957. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/51808563/peter-pan-school- Schweitzer, Robert and Davis, Michael W.R.. America's Favorite Homes. Wayne State University, Detroit, 1990. Senzee, Rachel. Email. July 7, 2020. Sugarbaker, David. Presidential Address to the American Association for Thoracic Surgery. Sugarbaker, E.D. The organ selectivity of experimentally induced metastases in rats, Cancer, 1952;5:606- 12. Sugarbaker, Paul H. Tribute to Geneva Van Dyke Sugarbaker. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 9 Page 20 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 Walker, Lester. American Homes: The Landmark Illustrated Encyclopedia of Domestic Architecture. Overlook Press, New York, NY, 1996 Walsh, Mary Tudor. "Here's Home to the Doctor." Home Life—A Christian Family Magazine. pp. 16-19. January 1953. Wheaton College Distinguished Service to Society Award for Everett D. Sugarbaker. END OE NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 10 Page 21 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri -------------------------------- County and State N/A Name of multiple listing (if applicable) OMB No. 1024-001 VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION The legal description of the nominated property is described as LOTS 2-65 & SW PT LOT 1 BOUNDARY JUSTIFICATION The nominated property boundaries reflect the historic boundaries of the property during the period of significance. KIPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 22 Figures OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property -Cole County, Missouri - - - - -------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ _ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 1: Google Contextual Map. Not to scale. ;embly oi God inter-lional 9 Association L_js Club Inle ational .g and Was9e Memorial Park AquaticsC—le, 9 .The Ink Slinq Sludlo 11­­i11.r1 wi QCclthedr,l cl Sl - ph 2113 W. Main St. 'c" Midwest Pr.d­ I _q Missouri G.1fA.­i.11.n Capial Soccer Clubg 9 Lor CEDAR CtTV 9MFACII "Eu9 Jefferson ily Large Dog Park 1. Ed P"k"'q TNT Sutjcltis 9 Norm Acte v 41" %4y -V rea. �OjYk ercenter ,J,­k.J.ffe.... City oe v. W.hilgl n -ce Arena9 " .1 ....ridgeS. i19 Living - Vitro Menet/ Orchard Acres 2113 W. Main St. Jefferson City, MO LAT: 38.591234 LONG: -92.207964 .Wfmo'l City C.p11.1 Sand r—ti.iry 9 NJ & Lewis, Clark ed Monument t IP('. + NJ NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 23 OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 2: District Site Map, Latitude/Longitude Coordinates. Not to scale. Northeast corner of property was subdivided before period of significance into single-family lots of varying depths. Corners of these lots are represented in numbers 5-10, but not marked on map. 1. 38. 591994, -92.208549 2. 38.588948, -92.208636 3. 38.590609, 92.206480 4. 38.590592, -92.206480 5. 38.590651, -92.206619 6. 38.590877, -92.207081 7. 38.591045, -92.207016 8. 38.591087, -92.207091 9. 38.591196, -92.207102 10. 38.591246, -92.207295 11. 38.591632, -92.207263 4 Figure 3. Doctor's bag. MIdMOGIS. Mo Paneell0 3001020004005029 Property Description LOT5 2-55 a SIN PT LOT 1 0.nerName SUGARBAKER, EVERM D &GEN€VA Fa /TWA1Rng 2/44/12 V TRUSTEES Mailing Address 220 PAPiN AVE Square Feet (A6ore Grade) 3,839 City State ZIP SAI NT LOUIS, MO 63119-3716 t3ase hent Type Part Property Address 2113 W Main St Fi.n shad esntnt, Size (Sq. Ft.) subdivision GUYTONS OF GRAND VIEW PLACE Year tiu itt 1434 subdimsten image GVYTDNS OF GRAND VIEW PLACE Appraised Value $3001100 Or.4a— M p and parcel data ate b*64vad to be aecuae, but x ro y is not guaranteed T*K& is not a Map Scale Lege dt--t arid 0-1d got be subsntutad f- a W.7ea+en,aApraisef, survey, ar dnr worry I inch = 7.39 feet vV+RMJI-- 311112020 NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 24 Er OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ Section number Figures Page 25 1 Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 4. Tissue and blood samples. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page Figure 5. Medical equipment. 26 OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 27 OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ _ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 6. Cover of An Atlas of Surgical Oncology by Everett D. Sugarbaker, 1983. W1. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page : OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ _ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 7. Assessor's Map. Site Map. Not to scale. 1N MIdmoGIS, Mtn Parcel 10 109102000400SO29 Property Desaiptaan LOTS 2-65 & SW PT LOT 1 Owner Name SuGARSAKERr l"UERETr b $ Gv FIE#iA Sec+Twn/Rng 214411a V TRUSTEES Mailing Address 228 PAPIN AVE Square Feet (Above Grade) 3r839 City State ZIP SAINT L€lUIS, F40 43119-3716 Bonement Type Part Property Address 2113 W Main St Fiinish9d as:mnL Size (S% Ft.) Subdivi>uon GU?7ONS OF GRAND VIEW PLACE Year Suitt 1939 I Subdivision Image GUYT€iN5 OF GRAND VIEW1 PLACE Appraised Value $300,104 tirseiairrtar map Jnd pace; da' aev baWived to he jccwater but acavrary is RGt g+wrenwed rNs is not; MMP SGale Begat document and ¢hauld not be suh:gfftted for 8 t dv ?rJrCh.9ARrarShc SLWMr, or Fpr XQWng 1 inch = A.39 feet +-etsles tan- 311 t12 0 20 NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 29 OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ _ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 8: Contributing resources, 2113 W. Main St., Jefferson City, MO. Source: Assessor's map/on-site research. Not to scale. "" 4 +1N Contributing (C): House Bomb Shelter Apple cellar Outdoor fireplace Orchard Garage / Lab i NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ _ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 9. Photo map. Numbered exterior photos. Not to scale. 4 Figure 10. First floor, Sugarbaker home. Source: Site visit. Note to scale. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 31 E15.4 x 19.4 Sunroom Not to scale 14.5 x 26 ft New dining room Living room tr irc se Foyer 14.8 x 19.4 ft. M4x10ft 100.8 ft OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ _ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) 11x 13 ft Kitchen ear est pis 19x19 ft Ph Garage 18.4 x15.5 Original dining room FIRST FLOOR IBJ NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 32 OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ _ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 113. Second floor, Sugarbaker home. Source: Site visit. Note to scale. S X18 6ressirlg room Sath. Home Stircase E office Primary -;16_] bedroom CN � Sitting cla c.l.o area 1 Secondary bedroom Aj bath Secondary bedroom SECOND FLOOR Garage attic YY NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 33 OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ _ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 12. Third floor, Sugarbaker home. Source: Site visit. Not to scale. C THIRD FLOOR IN N NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 34 OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 13. Orchard Acres sign on West Main Street NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 35 Figure 14 1950s view of north fagade with snow. OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ _ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 15. Dr. Everett D. Sugarbaker's patent for "The Gadget. " NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 37 ■ OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ _ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) a, Rewe lard. �. °I_. 191 k 1 1 k1 F kFl I rhrl `I I'I ■e 4.p' keALI.,F1 frjgjte r:+#LVtrMEt 1), 511: `• ,,// •R Jr1f'mrit)w CL1y_ 4k@IPI•urL.. mem• Fn 7+.mr 1-4vmrr11PF41■F■F■tP dhir N Lhta-ke9.a . e e .ee eey MFes°'t-r,m,.19H 1�, a=. _IF .,— .. la .,—.ps,.1-.e e e .,�I, 4i+ "M -P%le '_ %-F .IF-FAF 5.4 I% FIIL ri-a 1 e: 1, --V ytrWif �� ®'11e 'PAS •- +P • e a wil+I , 15,141 WI iaFf1R.:1 f, • e tr 1-191 I Hi � °.r.r , e 1 r;r anew it er e�y^IT#P.F16.hr'd I. elm ,s +se 9 n e ane.. �^slei e.k 1-1•eew a •.. ee•..�P• .•. LsLi L.+�� le+ La. r.e�.e a ,eeeee ee re- • a eee v H •H•P "11 A — IeJd=rl re 111 F- ■liih•ee 1.VL41-W' rfPfi IFr■1`ie ■71 a e. r1F Ldl,.'Re I" L9rr■L7 17. $99JJ-rrtLFk*E. 1ciF hrLr■ .en ...1.�. •+eee r,1 it I. F.FrY aF■ '4,1, k'�,.:rfr'. �.: FP,.W a1 rWW— eue ee..,. area ,111• e.n.rr ®.r r�113a a•t1 F_.I3 •i.1 N•b.l. eu e. ee ®�a.€e. a,er saeas �,.e, �r.y51■'Ae. ��vWrr*+ti�^�14ki4r�: �'mer:}�,+C�cr•.,,u"A:�.r�u�i.Af4d€1W,p!kLYlti}'Il�k N4'r{+^'.��..IFFl +DIY Oji •f� e �Ff��el�d:�% 144 it r93 rtttkei, th xILV 1 ��+ e n r191i r dw, ' ro /MW. ,�5'•:rur.�asr��y�a JrillR��tijdrb�r,:�,:'r ' NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 38 OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ _ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 16. 503 E. High Street, Sugarbaker Tumor Clinic, formerly the Price - Bauer House. Figure 17. Villa Panorama House, 1310 Swifts Highway, built in 1907. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ _ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 19. Zuendt (Johnson) House, 920 East Jefferson, built in 1913. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number Figures Page 40 OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Figure 20. 1107 Moreau Drive, built in 1937; within the Moreau Drive Historic District. NPS Form 10-900 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet OMB No. 1024-001 Orchard Acres Name of Property Cole County, Missouri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- County and State N/ Section number Figures Page 41 1 Name of multiple listing (if applicable) • -.s-1 tit #ti i 2 ri L Apr 1 td- I� ,rte I ml i 1'� �MfQf i le9f�Y'tih ' .. ill Is Sao $go wilt on vivo 'A V LIN FA rl AV FA rl ANN 774 Lim IC clip IL 'i" ,f-. f� w k I -Ar A kT L,tv VVJ —4-� now AAME Fog"s rVon _� n■ c INS r' It, t K r o ! i .. � Fav �*\. 7•a�'a` } � �- ,� .: 'w 0 P-7-= f l i wit ItAlI lr } Aj 4 \ lMEN / ROgg �...arm 4f m3wrnm m m m 'M `E , � ��Lt_nu a AQ JCS . . . . . . . . . . Ak it �fy�;;�. •�� moi"{ � x �fi��'�ai " Now y '•e. dr Y , 7-140 •.y � `J'�s4 p. -- fir"' t y.i f 2 _ dry. � i�.�� - y; s . t • '4 oi AA. Ir ' 1 Z� AA. Ir womlw�l NA IIIIIIIIIIIIIIN o- ® STRTENISTORICFRESEMRTIONEOFFICEF SECTON 108 PROJECT INFORMAMN FORM (P E1 OF 0) �a mnrvana asta'Iam rm aA �anmva�ngN rsarwourre ,l@/mrmogW va _ me lMi°re re W rvmm+m a a aomy ispv®mm q Iwrn ss Nm 0erdnFnmINEP mrarrvwm ere'FrMM0r4M¢a9 MIAM" N wbw CqRAO AM Co10 117 mamaareawame.oraamms.mnor.rw...ar. re.am<vaixme�vrum tB3o A. argcf rmJreemImesam MNFiaderrev unpvnn. womlw�l NA IIIIIIIIIIIIIIN W&FOL RI DEPARTMENT OF NATIARAL FA Deopeal OF STAFT PARKS o- ® STATEFIVEMRICFPESEPVATIONEOFFICEN SECTION 106 PROJECT INFORMATION FORM 1112 OF ]) I an e tllne'aunurenev rvmgne rviuredmerodbmbwrpCneuorvng:vnenbseucemknmdme� krxplme afenornaspxmg paim bmrxnwmmws lwlesth mmbr, one damaged anlm :s, gr The trading is 10 enter. 5) :r ad dd,I®wn ma m551goo¢ 6) Theeri, orJenerwn nes newred this building dangerous Amore moronam All rt% includingewm�)w be dermdm mmedeneran eel oryte ne� eavwrs wi�uen rmerthe sibcewith Glean mbiall . al eA;IuwMwi Mneme r:aepmn nar morehe aww+N��mara 6a map pmdderspompat Or. he Fallanimm vs.m.we u pnmme:.ound uus 7 s n.:mygral marrapil raw irM oplawasomporwhar muw Cprda*�WBw"orp a (. mX.Sl..pmue rva�..m.rwt l N...o mwiaemrcpnmeem:pw.wp+. peyyn..:.nna:�pa.imaeeaeoi .�dv+�de.w�nT"a mm &DtilMI-ipvpapn.snmme.omee.awNm .rewmouspr+:...w.pmmpagednepemnn..raMw�iemm asemsepifeeprosapparea n nage rm a:e m a®w+eti a. ay mu m prone. m. nw.umn rm a ue.ma. real she IF par parea War A ni ,P, applied ,uli PEigmRxb FORM AND ATTACHMENTS To: moo, STATE OF MISSOURI JEFFERSON CITY QUADRANGLE UNITED STATES - MISSOURI �h DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES 7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC) GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WALLACE B. HOWE, STATE GEOLOGIST 19 MI. pp 92'115' 1566000m E. R. 12 W. 567 568 12'30 ' COLUMBIA 28 ASHLAND 13 Ml. (JEFFERSON C/T INWI R. 11 W. 572 10' 573 600 000 FEET 574'\ �\\( 575 NEW BLOOMF GELD 6 Ml. *�2 O�'3O" 38*37'30'L \ \ \ �/ X38°37'30„ T. 44 N. o _ 1, I 4275 53'S�. \- — —— � s 67 � \ - a 55 0 Ev l ..� N I` �o//J �-- I 4 II. \ N __ _-_-_ ___ _ -\� 1, C,�, �' . i ���( • •,I•' ��1 O, �, \_ 1,0 B3'LCole Junction '1545 4274000m.N. I S BM� CIFI C�em �� 10✓ { v ` 14274 I l ° — - - -- - I 7 �6Q0.. �1�•.,• \ \ Sq \ -L !� o �52 553 —� I � - 1 RENZI ,C0RR,E'CT10N CENER�' Water Tank TT / S U 1010 000 � I J --'. I ; , •''•' II — .548 600 � �� �` j'.� !)) �-;' FEET th Jef Norrsoii' ° o 1 }Iy 1Y 7 o U • 3 0 �') .. _ - �I.: ,.: , j'• i IL — � M 552 t3� � I �/1 • 0 M 4213 I 4 I E R ° r • I I I^� O L% I � , U� I s:,.- li 1 � �r : • ;/' • '; - :',. �'.v'� II �d'r �� '_ •" � / i I l ,� � .:::.• ,o , _ � ,. 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II` d..: l /// � ...� -` ��_ / � � 42 - • 42 63 he!- ' �o ���� T. 44 N. 63 ._i„ -� I I u � X10 I �-��A�/ I � � / �� f � I °° >p -�� 44 N �� � � �' � T. T. 43 N. 43 N T. • �' / o q - J� u�668 3 4262000m.N. I� 700 4 I ..�� lie �•' J �I ill �/, oo� �� G 38° 30' 66 61 580 000 FEET 568 12 30" 10�R. 1 P W. �(META 1:62 I O) R. 11 W. ST. THOMAS 11 Ml. LL - - - A , V` ur + 38-30' II \ I 6 920115, 5 5 5 0' s73 574000m.E • INTERIOR—GE LOGICAL SURVEY. RESTO N. VIRGINIA -199 92°07'3011 7560 I ��Q S o0 Mapped, edited, and published by the Geological Survey 1 SCALE 1:24000 �� D t * 1 0 1 MILE ROAD CLASSIFICATION Fy A02 Control by USGS and USC&GS �•\1 MN 1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 FEET Lse-b, �w6o Topography by photogrammetric methods from aerial GNHeavy-duty...._.__........ Light-duty....._..._...... s photographs taken 1965 and planetable surveys 1967 1 5 0 1 KILOMETER 6_ `,0 Supersedes map dated 1939 4• Medium -duty.. ..__ Unimproved dirt --_-__ 0°30' 71 MILS CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 5 -FOOT CONTOURS U.S. Route O State Route Polyconic projection. 1927 North American datum 9 M{�s MISSOURI Rnum Tot 10,000 -foot grid based on Missouri coordinate system, central zone NATIONAL GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM OF 1929 U'SGS NO HISTORICAL MAPARCHIVW 1000 -meter Universal Transverse Mercator grid ticks, zone 15, shown in blue JEFFERSON CITY MO. Red tint indicates area in which only landmark buildings are shown UTM GRID AND 1981 MAGNETIC NORTH DECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET THIS MAP COMPLIES WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS QUADRANGLE LOCATION To place on the predicted North American Datum 1983 FOR SALE BY U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, DENVER, COLORADO 80225, OR RESTON, VIRGINIA 22092, N3830-W9207.5/7.5U�� move the projection lines 1 meter south and AND THE DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND LAND SURVEY Revisions shown in purple compiled from aerial 14 meters east as shown by dashed corner ticks MISSOURI DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES, ROLLA, MISSOURI 65401 photographs taken 1974 and 1980. Map edited 1981 1967 A FOLDER DESCRIBING TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS AND SYMBOLS IS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST This information not field checked PHOTOREVISED 1981 There may be private inholdings within the boundaries of DMA 7561 II SW -SERIES V879 the National or State reservations shown on this map I OMFIF LgA I�k 4 UWU Am �� a V"ilk ,'F/�!q v mar a JkN F 108 Jackson Street Pictures trj Photo 7 N` 4 CA'dry IN 't r e JI Go f �p a � �4 °f:�w�� r r ♦r 'b. � „!!y�J'i � Lh �. 'r Jy �`f � F CA 0219 _ f 4 r I TI rR ti V7jj1' i �11 A - T'I 108 Jackson Street Pictures �- 1 ` Iw 14, - _ 116 20M. Me 18.66 Photo 12 l 0 04 qb A ?�'-'' d y .Ari v s{ �� 'l` '�L�. �.:'.ii -_�- s.: •} ! d .. •.y� ` 1 ` v 4 [ +�s I � r �+.Q: 4.i MA � tv , - T. -F ,d 1 City of Jefferson_ Department of Planning & Protective Services 320 E. McCarty Street Jefferson City, MO 65101 Carrie Terclin, Mayor Sonny Sanders, AICP, Director Phone: 573-634-6410 Fax: 573-634-6457 Dangerous Building Summary Address: 108 Jackson St. Parcel #: 1103080003004005 Owner: BUESCHER, BARBARA J Date of Inspection: 11-18-19 Dangerous Building Notice: 11-19-19 Other Parties of Interest: None Notice of Hearing: Hearing Date: Determination by Hearing Officer: PENDING Compliance Date: TBD Date of Inspection: 2/06/19 Dangerous Building Notice: 2/06/19 Other Parties of Interest: None Notice of Hearing: Continued to new notice Hearing Date: N/A Determination by Hearing Officer: PENDING Compliance Date: TBD City Action: repair or demolish Abatements, Tax Bills, Fees: $7,632 Individuals should contact the ADA Coordinator at (573) 634-6570 to request accommodations or alternative formats as required under the Americans with Disabilities Act. Please allow three business days to process the request. City of Jefferson Department of Planning & Protective Services 320 E. McCarty Street Jefferson City, MO 65101 November 19, 2019 BUESCHER, BARBARA J 429 E CAPITOL AVE JEFFERSON CITY, MO 65101 RE: 108 Jackson St. , Jefferson City, MO Parcel ID # 1103080003004005 Carrie Tergin, Mayor Sonny Sanders, AICP, Director Phone: 573-634-6410 Fax: 573-634-6457 Certified Notice 7015 3010 0000 8169 2216 DECLARATION AND NOTICE OF DANGEROUS BUILDING AND ORDER TO ABATE According to the records of the Recorder of Deeds and the Assessor's Office of Cole County, Missouri you are owner of the property located at 108 Jackson St, Jefferson City, Missouri, hereinafter referred to as the "property'. Attached to this letter please find Exhibit A, Assessor's Records, verifying said ownership. This notice is provided to you pursuant to Sections 8-80 through 8-94 of the Code of City of Jefferson. All references to section number are from the Code of City of Jefferson. Pursuant to Section 8-85b (Statement of Nuisance), you are hereby notified that the property has upon it conditions which render the structure located on the property to be a Dangerous Building as defined in Section 8-82 of the Jefferson City Code. Dangerous Buildings are nuisances pursuant to section 8-83. The Dangerous Building located on the property is hereby declared a nuisance. The specific code sections of the City Code which have been violated are identified on Exhibit B, Column A. Exhibit B identified as "Statement of Dangerous Conditions" is attached herewith. The specific conditions which violate the City Code are identified on the attached Exhibit B Column B. Pursuant to Section 8-85b.3 (Corrective Action) you are hereby notified that the corrective action necessary to abate the dangerous conditions identified above are found on Exhibit B, Column C. Pursuant to Section 8-87 you are hereby notified that if dangerous conditions identified in Exhibit B are not corrected as directed the City may proceed against you for some or all of any Individuals should contact the ADA Coordinator at (573) 634-6570 to request accommodations or alternative formats as required under the Americans with Disabilities Act. Please allow three business days to process the request. violation which is not addressed within the prescribed times. Pursuant to Section 8-85 you are hereby directed to commence corrective action of the dangerous conditions immediately and, proceed continuously without unnecessary delay, within the time frame specified in Exhibit B, Column D. Pursuant to Section 8-86, if you fail to commence or proceed without delay with the corrective actions identified in Exhibit B by the specified timeframes, the City may call a Dangerous Building Hearing on the matter. The notice of hearing shall be directed to the owner, occupant, mortgagee, lessee, agent, and all other persons having an interest in said building as shown by the land records of the recorder of deeds of the county wherein the land is located, to appear before the Hearing Officer on the date specified to determine whether the building or structure reported to be a dangerous building should be vacated, repaired, or demolished in accordance with the statement of particulars set forth in this notice. The procedure for a Dangerous Building Hearing is provided in Section 8-86. Also attached please find Exhibit D Site Photos. Please note that Exhibit B, Column E, identifies a number that correlates to the photographs found in Exhibit D. Those photographs are included to assist in identifying the code violation. Please note that for consistency and continuity at any potential hearing, we have not identified any attachment as Exhibit C (which is held in reserve to identify this letter). Please review the enclosed materials carefully and contact the City of Jefferson with any questions you may have. You may contact, Dave Helmick, Dangerous Building Inspector, 573-634-6410 to set up a meeting to discuss the notice of violation and the time table for corrective action. Thank you in advance for your cooperation, Sincerely, Dave Helmick, Dangerous Building Inspector Enclosures: Exhibits A, B, D CC: Sonny Sanders — Director Ryan Moehlman—City Counselor Individuals should contact the ADA Coordinator at (573) 634-6570 to request accommodations or alternative formats as required under the Americans with Disabilities Act. Please allow three business days to process the request. Print Preview Exhibit A WdMoGISr MO Page 1 of 1 Parcel ID � 1103080003004005 Book -Page Date Owner Name BUESC HER, BARBARA I Sec/Twn/Rng 9/44/11 Mailing Address 429 E CAPITOL AVE Square Feet (Above Grade) 3,8-84 City State ZIP JEFFERSON CITY, M0 65101 Basement Type Full Property Address 108 Jackson St Finished Bsmnt, Size (Sq. Ft.) 672 Subdivision CITY OF]EFFERS0N INLOT 'Year Built 1900 Subdivision Image CFTY OF JEFFERSON INLOT Date Certified 1{1,12018 Comm: $0 Property Description LOTS 5,6, & 7 IL 116 & 117 Property Values (Land) Ag: $C) Res: $14,000 Comm: $0 Book -Page Date 309-556 7/15/1.988 Property Values (Irmprov.) Ag: $G Res: $156,900 Book -Page Date 270-187 7/5/1982 Appraised Value $174,900 Disclaimer. Map .and parret data are be.heved to be accurate, &utaccuracy is a otguaranteed. Thrs is not a Map Scale legal docurnent and should riot be substituted fora title search,appraisal, survey, or for roving verification- 1 inch = 68 fee€ 11/19/2019 http://www.midmogis.org/colesI/WebForms/Print.aspx?img=http://www.midmogis.org/ar... 11/19/2019 E d 1 8 Statement of Dangerous Conditions 11/19/2019 108 Jackson St Residential Un -Occupied A B C D Code Section Description of Defects Correctives Required °: o M 0 8-82 Dangerous Buildings Structure has severe damage to roof, After obtaining all required permits and using 9 -Dec -19 8-82A, 8-82C, 8-82D, 8-82E, walls, framing and interior. Property is Jefferson City Licensed Contractors remove all 8-821, 8-82K unsecured and has been site of debris and repair and/or demolish remaining trespassing and other illegal activities. structure. Property needs to be secured against unauthorized entry and sercurity maintained during repair and/or demolition. 8-82 Dangerous Buildings Previous violations and conditions See Exhibit B date 2/6/19 for specific violations. 9 -Dec -19 8-82A, 8-82C, 8-82D, 8-82E, noted on previous abatement order 8-821, 8-82K remain in violation. No corrective action has taken place and no permitted work has occurred. E O o .0 -� E a � Z 1, Previous Exhibit D 1, Previous Exhibit D Exhibit B 108 Jackson Exhibit D Sec. 8-82. Dangerous Buildings Defined. All buildings or structures that are detrimental to the health, safety, or welfare of the residents of the City of Jefferson and that have any or all of the following defects shall be deemed "dangerous buildings": A. Those with interior walls or other vertical structural members that list, lean, or buckle to such an extent that a plumb line passing through the center of gravity falls outside the middle third of its base. C. Those that have improperly distributed loads upon the floors or roofs, or in which the same are overloaded or that have insufficient strength to be reasonably safe for the purpose used. D. Those that have been damaged by fire, wind, or other causes so as to become dangerous to life, safety, or the general health and welfare of the occupants or the people of the City. E. Those that are so dilapidated, decayed, unsafe, unsanitary, or that so utterly fail to provide the amenities essential to decent living that they are unfit for human habitation, or are likely to cause sickness or disease, so as to work injury to the health, safety, or welfare of those occupying such building. I. Those that have parts thereof that are so attached that they may fall and injure members of the public or property. K. Those that because of their condition are unsafe, unsanitary or dangerous to the health, safety, or general welfare of the people of this City. 1 City of Jefferson Department of Planning & Protective Services 320 E. McCarty Street Jefferson City, MO 65101 February 6, 2019 Barbara Buescher 429 E Capitol Ave Jefferson City, MO 65101 RE: 108 Jackson St, Jefferson City, MO Parcel ID # 1103080003004005 Carrie Tergin, Mayor Sonny Sanders, AICP, Director Phone: 573-634-6410 Fax: 573-634-6457 Certified Notice 7015 3010 0000 8169 0274 DECLARATION AND NOTICE OF PUBLIC NUISANCE AND ORDER TO ABATE According to the records of the recorder of deeds and the Assessor's Office of Cole County, Missouri you are owner of the property located at 108 Jackson St, Jefferson City, Missouri, hereinafter referred to as the "property'. Attached to this letter please find Exhibit A, Assessor's Records, verifying said ownership. This notice is provided to you pursuant to sections 21-1 through 21-9 of the Code of City of Jefferson. All references to section number are from the Code of City of Jefferson. Pursuant to Section 21-6a (Statement of Nuisance), you are hereby notified that the property has upon it conditions which are in violation of the Property Maintenance Code. Properties which violate the Property Maintenance code are nuisances pursuant to section 21-1. This property is hereby declared a nuisance. The specific code sections of the Property Maintenance Code which have been violated are identified on Exhibit B, Column A. Exhibit B identified as "Statement of Nuisances Enumerated" is attached herewith. The specific conditions which violate the Property Maintenance Code are identified on the attached Exhibit B Column B. Pursuant to Section 21-6b (Corrective Action) you are hereby notified that the corrective action necessary to abate the nuisances identified above are found on Exhibit B, Column C. Pursuant to Section 21-6c (Correction Order) you are hereby directed to take action to abate the nuisance and proceed continuously without unnecessary delay. Abatement must be commenced and completed within the time frames found on Exhibit B, Column D. Pursuant to Section 21-6c(Statement of Abatement) you are hereby notified that if the nuisance is not abated as directed and no request for hearing is made within the prescribed Individuals should contact the ADA Coordinator at (573) 634-6570 to request accommodations or alternative formats as required under the Americans with Disabilities Act. Please allow three business days to process the request. time, the City will abate such nuisance and assess the costs thereof against you as outlined in Sections 21-8 and 21-9. You are notified that the City may proceed against you for some or all of any violation which is not corrected within the prescribed times. Pursuant to Section 21-6d (Order to Proceed without delay) you are hereby directed to begin abatement of the nuisance immediately, proceed continuously without unnecessary delay, and complete abatement within the time frame specified in Exhibit B, Column D. Pursuant to Section 21-7 (Service of Notice) this notice is being delivered to you by posting on the property, certified mail, first class mail and personal delivery, should you be willing to accept it. Pursuant to Section 21-8 (Right to Appeal) any owner or person receiving this notice has the right to request a hearing to appeal this declaration of nuisance. The request must be in writing and must be received by the Director of Planning & Protective Services of the City of Jefferson within 10 days of the date of the Notice. The Director may at his sole discretion, extend the time for filing the Request. The request for a hearing shall be on a form promulgated by the Director or shall be in writing and contain at least the name of the person requesting the notice, their mailing address, their phone number (if any), a statement that they request a hearing on the determination of a nuisance and the location of the nuisance. The procedure for any hearing requested pursuant to Section 21-8 is provided in section 21-9. Also attached please find Exhibit D Site Photos. Please note that Exhibit B, Column E, identifies a number that correlates to the photographs found in Exhibit D. Those photographs are included to assist in identifying the code violation. Please note that for consistency and continuity at any potential hearing, we have not identified any attachment as exhibit C (which is held in reserve to identify this letter). Please review the enclosed materials carefully and contact the City of Jefferson with any questions you may have. You may contact, Dave Helmick, Housing/Property Inspector, 573-634-6410 to set up a meeting to discuss the notice of violation and the time table for corrective action. Thank you in advance for your cooperation, Sincerely, Dave Helmick, Housing/Property Inspector Enclosures: Exhibits A, B, D CC: Jayme Abbott — Neighborhood Services Manager Bryan Wolford — Associate City Counselor Individuals should contact the ADA Coordinator at (573) 634-6570 to request accommodations or alternative formats as required under the Americans with Disabilities Act. Please allow three business days to process the request. Print Preview Exhibit A Page 1 of 1 MidP aGIS, MO Parcel ID 1103080003004005 Book -Rage Date - Owner Name BUESC HER, BARBARA I Sec/Twn/Rng 9/44/11 Mailing Address 429 E CAPITOL AVE Square Feet (Above Grade) 3,8-84 City State ZIP JEFFERSON CITY, Mtn 65101 Basement Type Full Property Address 108 Jackson St Finished Bsmnt, Size (Sq. Ft.) 672 Subdivision CFTY OF]EFFERS0N INLOT 'Year Built 1900 Subdivision Image CITY OF JEFFERSON INLOT Date Certified 1/1/2018 Comm: $0 Property Description LOTS 5,6, & 7 IL 116 & 117 Property Values (Land) Ag: $0 Res: $14,000 Comm: $0 Book -Page Date 309-556 7/15/1.988 Property Values (Irmprov.) Ag: $0 Res: $156,900 Book -Page Date 270-187 7/5/1982 Appraised Value $174,900 Disclaimer. Map .and parret data are be.heved to be accurate, &utaccuracy is a otguararateed. Thrs is not a Map Scale legal docunnent and should not be substituted fora title search,appraisal, survey, or for roving verification- 1 inch _ 66 feet 216/2019 https://www.midmogis. org/colesl/WebFonnsIPrint. aspx?img=http: //www.midmogis. org/arc... 2/6/2019 1W i6— Statement of Nuisances Enumerated Exhibit B 2/6/2019 108 Jackson St Residential Un -Occupied A B C D E F Code Section Description of Defects Correctives Required 3 °: 0 d =E = IL Z Low Cost 8-80 Dangerous Building The structure has complete failure of the Consult Structural Engineer and then obtain all 13 -Mar -19 1,2,3,4,5, 8-81 Public Nuisance roof system which is allowing rain into required permits before replacing roof, interior wall, 6,7,8,9, 304.1.1 Unsafe Conditions structure. The interior of the structure has exterior wall, ceiling, and floor systems. 10,11,12, 304.1 General Conditions deteriorated to unsafe level. 13 304.8 Decorative Features The structure has complete failure of the Consult Structural Engineer and then obtain all 13 -Mar -19 1,2,3,4,5, 304.10 Stairways, decks, roof system which is allowing rain into required permits before replacing roof, interior wall, 6,7,8,9, porches structure. The interior of the structure has exterior wall, ceiling, and floor systems. 10 301.3 Vacant Structures deteriorated to unsafe level. 304.6 Exterior Walls 304.2 Protective Treatment The exterior has peeling paint, broken Repair and/or replace all exterior windows and 13 -Mar -19 1,2,3,4,5, 304.13.1 Glazing windows, holes in mortar, and damaged doors. Remove all peeling paint and apply 6,7,8,9, 304.13 Windows doors. protective treatment to all required surfaces. Tuck 10 point mortar. 108.1.5 Dangerous Structure The structure has complete failure of the Consult Structural Engineer and then obtain all 13 -Mar -19 1,2,3,4,5, roof system which is allowing rain into required permits before replacing roof, interior wall, 6,7,8,9, structure. The interior of the structure has exterior wall, ceiling, and floor systems. 10,11,12, deteriorated to unsafe level. 13 305.1 General Interior The interior is filled with trash, water Remove all trash, water damaged material and 13 -Mar -19 11,12,13 308.1 Accumulation of Trash damaged material, mold, debris. debris. Clean and sanitize all surface before 304.4 Structural Members replacing interior coverings. 305.4 Stairs and Walking Surfaces Cost to repair the structure exceeds 50 Assessed Value= $156,900 % of the value of the building the Repairs= $450,000 348% recommended corrective action is Demolition = $29,500 demolition. Chapter 8 Sec. 8-82D Sub Total Immediate Repairs 13 -Mar -19 $ 450,000.00 10 2/6/2019 108 Jackson St Exhibit B p2 Repair cost based off national $150 per sq ft x approx. 3000 sqft = Assessed Value= $156,900 avg. of $150 per sgft to gut and $450,000 Repairs= $450,000 348% of value rehab including new plumbing and wiring. Unknown exterior structural issues would increase repair cost. 108 Jackson Exhibit D Sec. 8-80. Dangerous Building Code The provisions contained in this article may be referred to as the "Dangerous Buildings Code of the City of Jefferson, Missouri" and may be so cited. State law reference - Dangerous buildings ordinances, RSMO. § 67.400 et seq. Sec. 8-81. Conditions of buildings or structures constituting public nuisance A. Those whose interior walls or other vertical structural members list, lean or buckle to such an extent that a plumb line passing through the center of gravity of any such wall or vertical structural members falls outside of the middle third of its base. B. Those which, exclusive of the foundation, show thirty three percent (33%) or more, of damage or deterioration of the supporting member or members, of fifty percent (50%) of damage or deterioration of the non - supporting enclosing or outside walls or covering. C. Those which have improperly distributed loads upon the floors, roofs, or other horizontal structural members, or in which the same are overloaded, or which have insufficient strength or deflections to be reasonably safe for the purpose used or intended to be used. D. Those which have been damaged by fire, wind or other causes so as to have become dangerous to life, safety, or the general health and welfare of the occupants or the people of the City. E. Those which are uninhabited and are open at door, window, wall or roof. H. Those containing therein substantial accumulations of trash, garbage or other materials susceptible to fire, or constituting or proving a harboring place for vermin or other obnoxious animals or insects of in any way threatening the health of the occupants thereof or the health of persons in the vicinity thereof. 11 Page 108 Jackson Exhibit D Sec. 21-2. Illustrative enumeration. B. Accumulation of rubbish, trash, refuse, junk and other abandoned materials, metals, lumber or other things; or C. Any condition which provides harborage for rats, mice, snakes and other vermin; or D. Any building or other structure which is in such a dilapidated condition that it is unfit for human habitation, or kept in such an unsanitary condition that it is a menace to the health of people residing in the vicinity thereof, or presents a more than ordinarily dangerous fire hazard in the vicinity where it is located; or 304.1 General. The exterior of a structure shall be maintained in good repair, structurally sound and sanitary so as not to pose a threat to the public health, safety or welfare. 304.1.1 Unsafe conditions. The following conditions shall be determined as unsafe 8. Roofing or roofing components that have defects that admit rain, roof surfaces with inadequate drainage, or any portion of the roof framing that is not in good repair with signs of deterioration, fatigue or without proper anchorage and incapable of supporting all nominal loads and resisting all load effects; 10. Veneer, cornices, belt courses, corbels, trim, wall facings and similar decorative features not properly anchored or that are anchored with connections not capable of supporting all nominal loads and resisting all load effects; 304.7 Roofs and drainage. The roof and flashing shall be sound, tight and not have defects that admit rain. Roof drainage shall be adequate to prevent dampness or deterioration in the walls or interior portion of the structure. Roof drains, gutters and downspouts shall be maintained in good repair and free from obstructions. 21 Page 108 Jackson Exhibit D LI 304.8 Decorative features. Cornices, belt courses, corbels, terra cotta trim, wall facings and similar decorative features shall be maintained in good repair with proper anchorage and in a safe condition. 304.10 Stairways, decks, porches and balconies. Every exterior stairway, deck, porch and balcony, and all appurtenances attached thereto, shall be maintained structurally sound, in good repair, with proper anchorage and capable of supporting the imposed loads. 304.1.1 Unsafe conditions. The following conditions shall be determined as unsafe 10. Veneer, cornices, belt courses, corbels, trim, wall facings and similar decorative features not properly anchored or that are anchored with connections not capable of supporting all nominal loads and resisting all load effects; 12. Exterior stairs, decks, porches, balconies and all similar appurtenances attached thereto, including guards and handrails, are not structurally sound, not properly anchored or that are anchored with connections not capable of supporting all nominal loads and resisting all load effects; 301.3 Vacant structures and land. Vacant structures and premises thereof or vacant land shall be maintained in a clean, safe, secure and sanitary condition as provided herein so as not to cause a blighting problem or adversely affect the public health or safety. 31 Page 108 Jackson Exhibit D 304.1.1 Unsafe conditions. The following conditions shall be determined as unsafe 4. Siding and masonry joints including joints between the building envelope and the perimeter of windows, doors and skylights are not maintained, weather resistant or water tight; 5. Structural members that have evidence of deterioration or that are not capable of safely supporting all nominal loads and load effects; 10. Veneer, cornices, belt courses, corbels, trim, wall facings and similar decorative features not properly anchored or that are anchored with connections not capable of supporting all nominal loads and resisting all load effects; 12. Exterior stairs, decks, porches, balconies and all similar appurtenances attached thereto, including guards and handrails, are not structurally sound, not properly anchored or that are anchored with connections not capable of supporting all nominal loads and resisting all load effects; 304.6 Exterior walls. Exterior walls shall be free from holes, breaks, and loose or rotting materials; and maintained weatherproof and properly surface coated where required to prevent deterioration. 41 Page 108 Jackson Exhibit D 304.2 Protective treatment. Exterior surfaces, including but not limited to, doors, door and window frames, cornices, porches, trim, balconies, decks and fences, shall be maintained in good condition. Exterior wood surfaces, other than decay -resistant woods, shall be protected from the elements and decay by painting or other protective covering or treatment. Peeling, flaking and chipped paint shall be eliminated and surfaces repainted. Siding and masonry joints, as well as those between the building envelope and the perimeter of windows, doors and skylights, shall be maintained weather resistant and water tight. Metal surfaces subject to rust or corrosion shall be coated to inhibit such rust and corrosion, and surfaces with rust or corrosion shall be stabilized and coated to inhibit future rust and corrosion. Oxidation stains shall be removed from exterior surfaces. 108.1.5 Dangerous structure or premises. For the purpose of this code, any structure or premises that has any or all of the conditions or defects described below shall be considered dangerous: 6. The building or structure, or any portion thereof, is clearly unsafe for its use and occupancy. 7. The building or structure is neglected, damaged, dilapidated, unsecured or abandoned so as to become an attractive nuisance to children who might play in the building or structure to their danger, becomes a harbor for vagrants, criminals or immoral persons, or enables persons to resort to the building or structure for committing a nuisance or an unlawful act. 51 Page 108 Jackson Exhibit D Sec. 8-81. Conditions of buildings or structures constituting public nuisance D. Those which have been damaged by fire, wind or other causes so as to have become dangerous to life, safety, or the general health and welfare of the occupants or the people of the City. E. Those which are uninhabited and are open at door, window, wall or roof. H. Those containing therein substantial accumulations of trash, garbage or other materials susceptible to fire, or constituting or proving a harboring place for vermin or other obnoxious animals or insects of in any way threatening the health of the occupants thereof or the health of persons in the vicinity thereof. 304.13.1 Glazing. Glazing materials shall be maintained free from cracks and holes. 304.13 Window, skylight and door frames. Every window, skylight, door and frame shall be kept in sound condition, good repair and weather tight. 61 Page 108 Jackson Exhibit D Sec. 8-81. Conditions of buildings or structures constituting public nuisance D. Those which have been damaged by fire, wind or other causes so as to have become dangerous to life, safety, or the general health and welfare of the occupants or the people of the City. E. Those which are uninhabited and are open at door, window, wall or roof. H. Those containing therein substantial accumulations of trash, garbage or other materials susceptible to fire, or constituting or proving a harboring place for vermin or other obnoxious animals or insects of in any way threatening the health of the occupants thereof or the health of persons in the vicinity thereof. 108.1.5 Dangerous structure or premises. For the purpose of this code, any structure or premises that has any or all of the conditions or defects described below shall be considered dangerous: 6. The building or structure, or any portion thereof, is clearly unsafe for its use and occupancy. 7. The building or structure is neglected, damaged, dilapidated, unsecured or abandoned so as to become an attractive nuisance to children who might play in the building or structure to their danger, becomes a harbor for vagrants, criminals or immoral persons, or enables persons to resort to the building or structure for committing a nuisance or an unlawful act. 71 Page 108 Jackson Exhibit D 304.13.1 Glazing. Glazing materials shall be maintained free from cracks and holes. 304.13 Window, skylight and door frames. Every window, skylight, door and frame shall be kept in sound condition, good repair and weather tight. Sec. 8-81. Conditions of buildings or structures constituting public nuisance D. Those which have been damaged by fire, wind or other causes so as to have become dangerous to life, safety, or the general health and welfare of the occupants or the people of the City. E. Those which are uninhabited and are open at door, window, wall or roof. H. Those containing therein substantial accumulations of trash, garbage or other materials susceptible to fire, or constituting or proving a harboring place for vermin or other obnoxious animals or insects of in any way threatening the health of the occupants thereof or the health of persons in the vicinity thereof. 108.1.5 Dangerous structure or premises. For the purpose of this code, any structure or premises that has any or all of the conditions or defects described below shall be considered dangerous: 6. The building or structure, or any portion thereof, is clearly unsafe for its use and occupancy. 7. The building or structure is neglected, damaged, dilapidated, unsecured or abandoned so as to become an attractive nuisance to children who might play in the building or structure to their danger, becomes a harbor for vagrants, criminals or immoral persons, or enables persons to resort to the building or structure for committing a nuisance or an unlawful act. 81 Page 108 Jackson Exhibit D Sec. 8-81. Conditions of buildings or structures constituting public nuisance D. Those which have been damaged by fire, wind or other causes so as to have become dangerous to life, safety, or the general health and welfare of the occupants or the people of the City. E. Those which are uninhabited and are open at door, window, wall or roof. H. Those containing therein substantial accumulations of trash, garbage or other materials susceptible to fire, or constituting or proving a harboring place for vermin or other obnoxious animals or insects of in any way threatening the health of the occupants thereof or the health of persons in the vicinity thereof. 304.13.1 Glazing. Glazing materials shall be maintained free from cracks and holes. 304.13 Window, skylight and door frames. Every window, skylight, door and frame shall be kept in sound condition, good repair and weather tight. 91 Page 108 Jackson Exhibit D Sec. 8-81. Conditions of buildings or structures constituting public nuisance D. Those which have been damaged by fire, wind or other causes so as to have become dangerous to life, safety, or the general health and welfare of the occupants or the people of the City. E. Those which are uninhabited and are open at door, window, wall or roof. H. Those containing therein substantial accumulations of trash, garbage or other materials susceptible to fire, or constituting or proving a harboring place for vermin or other obnoxious animals or insects of in any way threatening the health of the occupants thereof or the health of persons in the vicinity thereof. 304.2 Protective treatment. Exterior surfaces, including but not limited to, doors, door and window frames, cornices, porches, trim, balconies, decks and fences, shall be maintained in good condition. Exterior wood surfaces, other than decay -resistant woods, shall be protected from the elements and decay by painting or other protective covering or treatment. Peeling, flaking and chipped paint shall be eliminated and surfaces repainted. Siding and masonry joints, as well as those between the building envelope and the perimeter of windows, doors and skylights, shall be maintained weather resistant and water tight. Metal surfaces subject to rust or corrosion shall be coated to inhibit such rust and corrosion, and surfaces with rust or corrosion shall be stabilized and coated to inhibit future rust and corrosion. Oxidation stains shall be removed from exterior surfaces. 304.13.1 Glazing. Glazing materials shall be maintained free from cracks and holes. 304.13 Window, skylight and door frames. Every window, skylight, door and frame shall be kept in sound condition, good repair and weather tight. 101 Page 108 Jackson Exhibit D 305.1 General. The interior of a structure and equipment therein shall be maintained in good repair, structurally sound and in a sanitary condition. 308.1 Accumulation of rubbish or garbage. Exterior property and premises, and the interior of every structure, shall be free from any accumulation of rubbish or garbage. 302.5 Rodent harborage. Structures and exterior property shall be kept free from rodent harborage and infestation. Sec. 8-81. Conditions of buildings or structures constituting public nuisance D. Those which have been damaged by fire, wind or other causes so as to have become dangerous to life, safety, or the general health and welfare of the occupants or the people of the City. H. Those containing therein substantial accumulations of trash, garbage or other materials susceptible to fire, or constituting or proving a harboring place for vermin or other obnoxious animals or insects of in any way threatening the health of the occupants thereof or the health of persons in the vicinity thereof. 304.1.1 Unsafe conditions. The following conditions shall be determined as unsafe 5. Structural members that have evidence of deterioration or that are not capable of safely supporting all nominal loads and load effects; 9. Flooring and flooring components with defects that affect serviceability or flooring components that show signs of deterioration or fatigue, are not properly anchored or are incapable of supporting all nominal loads and resisting all load effects; 304.4 Structural members. Structural members shall be maintained free from deterioration, and shall be capable of safely supporting the imposed dead and live loads. 111 Page 108 Jackson Exhibit D 305.4 Stairs and walking surfaces. Every stair, ramp, landing, balcony, porch, deck or other walking surface shall be maintained in sound condition and good repair. Sec. 8-81. Conditions of buildings or structures constituting public nuisance A Those which have been damaged by fire, wind or other causes so as to have become dangerous to life, safety, or the general health and welfare of the occupants or the people of the City. H. Those containing therein substantial accumulations of trash, garbage or other materials susceptible to fire, or constituting or proving a harboring place for vermin or other obnoxious animals or insects of in any way threatening the health of the occupants thereof or the health of persons in the vicinity thereof. 304.1.1 Unsafe conditions. The following conditions shall be determined as unsafe 9. Flooring and flooring components with defects that affect serviceability or flooring components that show signs of deterioration or fatigue, are not properly anchored or are incapable of supporting all nominal loads and resisting all load effects; 121 Page 108 Jackson Exhibit D SECTION 108 UNSAFE STRUCTURES AND EQUIPMENT [A] 108.1 General. When a structure or equipment is found by the code official to be unsafe, or when a structure is found unfit for human occupancy, or is found unlawful, such structure shall be condemned pursuant to the provisions of this code. [A] 108.1.1 Unsafe structures. An unsafe structure is one that is found to be dangerous to the life, health, property or safety of the public or the occupants of the structure by not providing minimum safeguards to protect or warn occupants in the event of fire, or because such structure contains unsafe equipment or is so damaged, decayed, dilapidated, structurally unsafe or of such faulty construction or unstable foundation, that partial or complete collapse is possible. Sec. 8-81. Conditions of buildings or structures constituting public nuisance D. Those which have been damaged by fire, wind or other causes so as to have become dangerous to life, safety, or the general health and welfare of the occupants or the people of the City. H. Those containing therein substantial accumulations of trash, garbage or other materials susceptible to fire, or constituting or proving a harboring place for vermin or other obnoxious animals or insects of in any way threatening the health of the occupants thereof or the health of persons in the vicinity thereof. 13 1 mage 108 Jackson Exhibit D Sec. 8-82. Standards for determining action required to alleviate public nuisance The following standards shall be followed in substance by the building regulations supervisor and the Director of Planning and Protective Services in ordering repair, vacation or demolition: A. If the dangerous building can reasonably be repaired or maintained so that it will no longer exist in violation of the terms of this article, it shall be ordered so repaired or maintained. B. If the dangerous building is in such condition as to make it dangerous to the health, safety, or welfare of its occupants, it shall be ordered to be vacated pending abatement of the nuisance. C. In any case where the dangerous building cannot be reasonably repaired or maintained so that the building or structure will no longer exist in violation of the terms of this article, the building or structure shall be ordered repaired or demolished. D. In any case where the conditions constituting the public nuisance are such that the costs to repair or maintain the building or structure so that it will no longer constitute a public nuisance equal or exceed fifty percent (50%) of the value of the building or structure, it shall be ordered repaired or demolished, and in the event it is not repaired or demolished by the owner, then the city shall abate the nuisance by demolition. E. Any building or structure constituting a public nuisance because of the conditions described in sub -section (f) of Section 8-81 of this article shall be ordered to be completed in accordance with lawful plans and specifications, and if it shall not be so completed or demolished by the owner, then the city shall abate the nuisance by demolition. F. Any building or structure found to be a public nuisance because of the conditions described in sub -paragraph (g) of section 8-81 of this article shall be ordered demolished. 141 Page 1p, 2 4 2019 13 42 I0_ _ at y , ,I�� i � �+'�ti/�r q TfM�i _ �� per - y. P � n f �r `_� tis. �-7F--:s' � 1 a r, mow:_ ,.,; ��.. A&I VFY 2 4 2019 13 `R rims a E. 201 D 11 42 = 20,19 ` 2.4 2019 13.43 2 4 2019 2 6 2019 11 4 wr 2 4,201 13 44 3 air'. I a. fl F-1 ri �4 Na910 - Al '' 108 Jackson St Exhibit D Im F 108 Jackson St Exhibit D 108 Jackson St Exhibit D