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2023-22 Adopting the Key Biscayne Vision Plan
RE S O L U T IO N N O . 2 0 2 3 -2 2 A RE S O L U T I O N O F T H E V IL L A G E C O UN C IL O F T H E V IL L A G E O F KE Y B IS C A Y N E , F L O RI D A , A D O P T IN G T H E K E Y B I S C A Y N E V IS IO N P L A N ; P R O V ID IN G F O R IM P L E M E N T A T IO N ; A N D P R O V ID IN G F O R A N E F F E C T IV E D A T E. W H E RE A S , on January 15, 2019, the Village of Key Biscayne ("Village") Council adopted Ordinance No. 2019-2 ("Ordinance") creating the 2040 Strategic Vision Plan Board to assist in the preparation of the 2040 Strategic Vision Plan; and WHEREAS, after holding numerous public hearings and workshops, the Board developed the Key Biscayne Vision Plan, attached as Exhibit "A" to this Resolution (the "Vision Plan"); and WHEREAS, the Village Council desires to adopt the Vision Plan, attached as Exhibit "A" hereto; and WHEREAS, the Village Council finds that this Resolution is in the best interest and welfare of the residents of the Village. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE VILLAGE COUNCIL OF THE VILLAGE OF KEY BISCAYNE, FLORIDA, AS FOLLOWS: Section 1. Recitals Adopted. Each of the above stated recitals are hereby adopted, confirmed and incorporated herein. Section 2. Adoption of Vision Plan. The Village Council hereby adopts the Vision Plan as set forth in Exhibit "A" attached hereto and incorporated herein. Section 3. Implementation. The Village Manager shall obtain Village Council approval prior to taking any action related to items in the Vision Plan. The Village Council hereby authorizes the Village Manager to arrange an annual meeting dedicated to discussing and receiving Council guidance concerning the Vision Plan. l S e c tio n 4 . adoption. Effective Date. This Resolution shall be effective immediately upon PASSED and ADOPTED this 9th day of May 2023. ATTEST: JS~'$~~~ VILLAGE CLERK ffet S TO FORM AND LEGAL SUFFICIENCY: WEISS SER OT A HELFMAN CO VILLAGE ATTORNEY 2 T H E K E Y B IS C AY N E V IS IO N P L A N OUR KEY. OUR VISION . 2022 V ILLA G E O F K E Y B IS C AYN E MA STER PLA NNING V IL L A G E C O U N C IL D U R IN G P R E P A R AT IO N 2 022 V IL L A G E C O U N C IL D U R IN G A C T IO N M ic ha e l W . D avey, M a yor B rett M o ss , V ic e M ayo r F rank lin H . C a pla n L uis L a uredo E d w ard L o nd o n A lliso n M c C o rm ic k Ig nac io J. S eg uro la Jo e I. R as co , M ayo r Frank lin H . C a pla n , V ic e M ayo r E dw ard Lo nd o n A lliso n M c C o rm ic k B rett G . M o ss O s ca r S a rdinas Fern a nd o A . V az que z S T R AT E G IC V IS IO N B O A R D M a rio G a rcia-S e rra , V isio n B o a rd C ha ir Jo rge M e nd ia , V ic e-C ha ir M a tt B ram so n L uis F. d e la C ruz R obe rt D uz oglo u L uc ia A . M a rin T om M c C o rm ic k OUR KEY · OUR VISIO N I 2022 I Decem ber 6, 2022 V IL L A G E STA F F S teve W illia m so n, V illa ge M a nag e r C had Frie dm a n , V illa ge A ttorn ey Jo ce ly n B K och , V illa ge C le rk Jo celyne M o ussavo u, C hief of S taff Ja ke O zym a n , D irecto r of P ub lic W o rks Je rem y C alle ro s G auge r, B uild ing , Zo ning and P la nning D irector D r. R o la nd S a m im y, C hief R esilie nce O ffice r Todd H off erberth, P arks & R ecre atio n D irector Je ssic a D ro uet, C o m m unic atio ns & C o m m u nity R e latio ns O ffi ce r M ich a e l F le m in g , In fo rm a tion Tech n o lo g y A dm in istrato r O lg a G a rcia , Z oning P la ns R eview e r/ P la nne r M a ria n a D o m in g u e z-H a rd ie, Sr. E xe cutiv e A ssistant E ric La ng , F ire R escue C hief Frank S o usa ,P o lic e C hief B e nja m in N ussbaum , C hief Fina nc ia l O ffi cer D P Z C O D ES IG N , L L C G a lina Tachieva, D P Z P a rtner-in-C harge E liza beth P later-Z yberk, P ro ject A dvisor X a vier Iglesias, P ro ject M anager & Urban D e sig ne r B e n N orthrup, D esig ner P aul G e no vesi, D e sig ner Y asm ine B enchekro un , D esigner D avid C arrico , D e sig ner & Illustrator M a x Z a ba la, C onsultant CO M M UNITY O U TREA C H IW P R G R O U P Irina W oe lfle, C om m unity E ngagem ent & P ub lic R elations S pe cialist b DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN V IS IO N PLA N R EP O R T TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Executive Summary 1 Public Engagement and Workshops 8 SWOT Analysis 13 2020 Vision Plan Status Summary 15 Geographic Context 16 Historic Context 20 Existing Conditions 26 Areas of Focus 31 PLACE & DESIGN RESILIENCY & FUTURE 90 Priorities & Strategy 93 Analyze Current Trends & Best Practices 94 Reinforce & Protect the Village Ocean Shoreline 102 Strengthen & Modernize the Sea Walls 110 Secure Flood Protection 120 Transform Civil into Civic lnfrastructure 132 Employ Sustainability Strategies & Tactics 148 POLICY & REGULATION 154 34 Create A Gateway 36 Establish A Resilient Community Hub .46 Enable Multi-Generational Living 70 Reinforce Full-Range of Mobility 74 Enhance The Green & Civic Network 80 Update Development Regulations 156 Promote New Standards with Resident-Friendly Tools 160 Evaluate Goals with Updated Master & Vision Plans 165 COMMUNITY & MANAGEMENT 168 Reinforce Security 170 Inspire Community Activism & Youth Engagement.. 176 Optimize Parking & Peak-Hour Traffic Management.. 180 Preserve Natural Systems & Heritage Structures 186 Implementation Matrix 191 OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 C DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E X E C U T IV E S U M M A RY OUR KEY, OUR VISION The Key Biscayne Vision Plan is a guide for the future. The Plan summarizes key challenges and proposes an array of potential solutions. The Plan was info rmed by a robust public process that included both online and in-person participation and gave Vil lage residents an opportunity to discuss their con cern s and aspirations. The resulting recommenda tions protect, preserve, and celebrate the Village's most valued qualities and culture, as well as honor its history. The Vision Plan was crafted by the community and for the community to better envision, plan for, and understand Key Biscayne's possible future. Propos als range from the ambitious and visionary to the more pragmatic and feasible. The Village residents and Council will determine the best solutions, time fram es and priorities. It is important to note that this Process: P re sentation during com m unity workshop. C ap e F lorida Light Vision Plan is not a mandatory, regulatory instrument, and the designs depicted are illustrative only. The document is intended to identify important issues and imagine possible solutions. All solutions require further study. It is a flexible, living document that can be revisited and supplemented over time. OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 There is an underlying principle to the Vision Plan that was repeatedly expressed in the resident surveys, well-attended public meetings and discussions that led to its creation. That principle is that while communities inevitably evolve, Key Biscayne cannot accommodate more res idential density or commercial intensity. Representations in the Plan of possibili ties for the commercial district that show mixed-uses are based on incorporating existing residential units or reducing res idential density elsewhere. Drawings of the commercial district that may portray larger structures than exist today are consistent with what current zoning and building codes allow. The sections of the Vision Plan that address private property should be understood as an effort to pro tect and enhance vibrancy, resiliency, and aesthetic cohesion while discouraging greater residential or commercial density and intensity. Civic Engagem ent at the 4th of July parade. The Plan is organized into four chapters: 1. PLACE & DESIGN 34 2. RESILIENCY & FUTURE 90 3. POLICY & REGULATION 154 4. COMMUNITY & MANAGEMENT 168 Existing dune shoreline at Beach Park. 1 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E X E C U T IV E S U M M A RY OUR KEY, OUR VISION 1. PLACE & DESIGN (P 34) Place and Design pairs quality of life issues with the design of the physical environment that meets the needs and desires of the residents. This includes rethinking the Villages entrance, address ing mobility issues, commercial properties, senior housing, and the needs for specific types of open spaces and parks. 1. Create a Gateway 2. Establish A Resilient Community Hub 3. Enable Multi-Generational Living 4. Reinforce Village-Wide Mobility 5. Enhance the Village Green & Civic Networks Create a Gateway: Historic Calusa Playhouse Renovation & New Courtyard Complex 1. Place & Design: Create A Gateway (p 36) Establish an entrance into the Village so Crandon Boulevard transitions from a fast-moving parkway into a main street. The Gateway would alleviate traf fic congestion and optimize traffic flow, create sense of arrival, and provide options for the entry block. Create bay access from Calusa park. Roundabout with gateway feature. The Gateway is made up of three components: • Calusa Playhouse • Additional pathways • Entry Block with Oval Plaza One of the options for Village Gateway and adjacent improvement from Calusa Park to the Harbor Drive I Ocean Lane Drive intersection. Create A Gateway: Calusa Playhouse (p 38) A restored and revitalized Calusa Playhouse with additional public space would create a civic amenity which will preserve Village history and iden tity while providing space for enhanced programs for different ages. Create A Gateway: Create Additional Path ways (p 40) Connect existing tennis courts and amenities with paths by the new playhouse and a bayside viewing area. • Improve access to the water • Increase access to open and park space Create A Gateway: Entry Block with Oval Plaza (p 41) A roundabout could be the main fea ture in work to create a proper gateway experience at the north of the community. A roundabout at the Village entrance could improve traffic flow while slowing vehicle speeds. The roundabout will need to be designed to emphasize lower speeds and walk ing within the Village with paving and crosswalks. A second vehicular entrance through Calusa park could further reduce traffic at the entry intersection. The center of the oval may contain a gateway fea ture to further mark the entrance. • Relieve traffic congestion • Improve pedestrian experience and walkability • Create a sense of place OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 2 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E X E C U T IV E S U M M A RY O U R K E Y, O U R V IS IO N 2. Place & Design: Establish a Resilient Community Hub (p 46)- If and w hen the pro p e rties in the com m erci al strip are redeveloped, they sho uld b e as flo od resistant as recently built single fam ily ho m e s. In antic ipatio n of the likeliho od that com m erci al p ro pert ies w ill be redeveloped, the V illage g overn m e n t sho uld set regulatio ns that w ill ensure th at th e com m ercial pro perties becom e a cohesive, vibrant, and resilie nt com m unity hub, and create a tru e "M ain S treet" e xperience by : • C reating a continuo us , shade d pedestria n path w ith sho pfr o nts and cano pie s alo ng C rand o n B oulevard. • C reating an elevated pedestrian pro m enade w ith connectio ns b etw een pro perties. • R educ ing vehicula r traffi c by im pro ving pedes tria n circulatio n. • G ene ra ting n ew com m ercia l and outdo or dining oppo rtunitie s alo ng the do ub le-lo ade d pro m e nade . < Fernwood Dr. • Im pro ving Fern w ood R oad by placing buildings w hich m atch the scale of the houses on the w est side . B uildings could m ix offi ces and residences w hich replace the units at 325 Fern w ood Road w ith no increase in reside ntia l units. • H id ing all pa rking , sto rage, and loading areas below the pro m e nade in the center of the block. • Incl uding playing fields, w ell-planted plazas, and open spaces over parking . A Resilient Community Hub would be connected by a pedestrian promenade. Resilient Community Hub with Elevated Promenade section OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 Crandon Blvd." • Integrating flood m itigation, heat-island m itigation, and sustainable energy elem ents into rooftops and basem ents. 3. Place & Design: Enable Multi-Genera tional Living (p 68) Create housing opportunities to w elcom e younger adults and aging in place in a m ixed-use com plex w ith active shopfro nts lining sidew alks w ithout increasing residential density. • Enable residents to rem ain in the Village. • Create buildings better connected to the street w ith am enities fo r residents and neighbors. 4. Place & Design: Reinforce Vil lage-wide Mobility (p 72) Support a broad, multi-m odal range of movement thro ughout the Village. • Encourage a decrease in car dependence w ithin the Key. • Enhance pedestrian comfo rt along thoro ughfares. • Enable and pro m ote aw areness fo r a variety of green vehicle options. • Pro vide the infr astructure to park and charge electric modes of transport. Multi-generational living complex example. Reinforce village mobility with a well-connected street and path network. 3 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E X E C U T IV E S U M M A R Y OUR KEY, OUR VISION Enhanced green and civic networks should be improved by a bayside park well connected to other green spaces. A bayside park will provide water access and support stormwater infrastructure. 5. Place & Design: Enhance the Village Green & Civic Networks - (p 80) Provide a range of passive and active recreational green spaces. Enhance and connect existing parks & open spaces, including adjacent state and county parks. • Compete the existing green network and loop by phased additions and adding individual properties. • Create a network of spaces within a 15 minute walk for every resident. • Create parks of differing size and activity level connected by trails or sidewalks. • Create a parks and open space plan by partnering with the City of Miami and/or Miami-Dade County to make best use of adjacent parks. • Partner with additional schools for recreational access. • Create a bayside park with water access which functions as stormwater infrastructure. Embrace best practices by collaborating with and learning from regional expertise such as "Resilient 305" prepared by Miami-Dade County, the City of Miami, and the City of Miami Beach. 2. RESILIENCY & FUTURE (p 90) Resiliency & Future presents necessary responses to climate change to ensure that the Vil lage will be a safe and enjoyable place to live even in the face of sea-level rise and other environmental changes. These ideas to protect Key Biscayne from the changing environment include fortifying beaches and seawalls from storms, reduction in flooding, strengthening infrastructure, improving roadways, mitigating environmental impacts, and applying sus tainable strategies: 1. Prioritize and strategize 2. Analyze current trends & embrace best practices 3. Reinforce & protect the ocean shoreline 4. Strengthen & modernize the bayside seawalls 5. Secure flood protection 6. Transform civil infrastructure into civic art 7. Employ sustainability strategies & tactics 1. Resiliency & Future: Prioritize & Strate gize (p 93) Maintain an overall strategy and frame work for action in order to make efficient use of fund ing and resources. 2. Resiliency & Future: Analyze Current Trends & Embrace Best Practices. (p 94) Stay up-to-date on the latest research and guide lines and incorporate relevant policies that address environmental challenges. • Identify key risks • Evaluate possible options and responses • Adapt solutions to local conditions • Expedite the adoption of regional policy changes. OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 4 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E X E C U T IV E S U M M A RY OUR KEY, OUR VISION 3. Resiliency & Future: Ocean Shoreline Protection (p 10 2) Leverage effo rts to fo rtify the o ceanside shoreline to strengthe n the V illage's con ne ctiv ity and access to the beach. • S upport the dune fo rtificatio n pro ject by the U S A rm y C or ps of E ngine ers • T he U S A C E initia lly pro poses a fo rtifie d dune w ith enhanced p lanting. • S upport fro m the U S A C E is de pende nt on V il lage p ro tecting the bayside . • E x pand & Im pro ve A ccess P oints to the B each 4. Resiliency & Future: Bayside Protec tion (p 110 ) R ethink the placem e nt and nature of seaw alls to pro tect the V illage fr om bayside surge . • P ro vide H o m eow ne r O ptio ns • C onsider Innovative Techniques • Innovative techniques w ill include structura l inno vatio ns w hich allow future raising of w alls. • Innovative techniques m ay incl ude flexible loca tio n of flo od barrie rs to preserve hom eow ners access to w ater and view s. Bayside protection will require eventual increases in height of protection, but will allow flexibility. .- _.,,,..,·.,,,. ---- EXISTING DEVELOPMENT/ VEGETATION DUNE REINFORCEMENT . .- -·- EXISTING BEACH ZONE -·- -·- (PRIVATE PROPERTY) (INC. BURIED SEAWALL) (BEACH LIMITS VARY) Ocean shoreline protection may include a seawall integrated into an improved and planted dune. OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 5. Resiliency & Future: Secure Flood Pro tection (p 120) Ensure resiliency w ith a com prehen sive storm w ater m anagem ent plan w hich includes utilities, ro adw ays, and elevated structures. Bayside protection requires multiple techniques such as living shorelines which preserves views. • Decrease street flooding • Increase Stormw ater Storage Capacity • Adopt Resilient Strategies to Address Sea-Level Rise • Plan fo r Flood Pro tection in the Resilient Com munity Hub Secure flood protection may include green infra structure managing stormwater Secure flood protection will be incorporated into elevated structures such as the Resilient Community Hub which include stormwater storage. 5 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E X E CU T IV E SUM M A RY OUR KEY, OUR VISION 6. Resiliency & Future: Civil Infrastructure as Civic Art. (p 132) Take advantage of upgrading public utility resilience to beautify the public realm. • Coordinate Underground Infrastructure Improve ments with Above Ground Street Enhancements. • Incorporate Equipment into Functional, Aesthetic Civic Architecture. 7. Resiliency & Future: Employ Sustain able Strategies & Tactics. (p 148) Mitigate the effects of climate change with a range of green approaches. • Distinguish Between Mitigation and Adaptation Techniques • Reduce and Sequester Carbon • Reduce Heat and Stormwater Run-off Transform civil infrastructure into civic art by incor porating pump stations into improved seating areas 3. POLICY & REGULATION (p 154) Policy & Regulation advises updating reg ulatory frameworks to provide simplified and easy to-use codes, maintain an updated vision plan and master plans, and increase connectivity of green spaces including adding open space and public parks especially for playing fields .. Updating development regulations may include form-based code which dictates the shape of pub lic space created by private buildings. I di 1 ,11 II ;, CAF~ ZONE PEDESTRIAN ZONE LANDSCAPE! FURNITURE ZONE PARKING! SHARED PLANTER ZONE Tz~~L Policy & Regulation: Update Development Regulations. (p 156) The Village should update land development regulations to reflect Village pri orities. Prioritize pedestrian-friendly, Village charac teristics, and resilient improvements especially on commercial properties in the Village Core .. • Improve Resiliency by reducing vulnerability to flooding. • Preserve the character of Key Biscayne, includ ing both social and financial values. • Residences should face the street and feature vis ible front entrances and plenty of windows. • Commercial buildings should have shopfronts close to wide pedestrian spaces and streets. • Elevated promenades will create a pedestrian corridor and open spaces above flood elevation. Maintaining Plans, such as updates to Vision Plans, allows the Village to create purposeful regulations .. • Consider an architectural design code which would regulate style for the commercial district. • Consider resiliency standards, streetscape stan dards, and park design standards to improve public spaces. Policy & Regulation: Maintain Plans (p 165) The Village should create and maintain master plans including a streetscape plan to coordinate above and below ground right-of-way resilience efforts. Periodically reassess and update Village goals in the Vision Plan. • Comprehensive / Masterplan sets out general urban design goals which may be incorporated into regulations over time. • Evaluation and Appraisal Report is the periodic analysis of the goals, policies, and objectives of the Comprehensive / Masterplan • A Streetscape Masterplan would harmonize mul tiple sub-surface drainage and infrastructure proj ects with a plan for how the surface of the streets in the Village will look and feel. Policy & Regulation: Promote New Stan dards With Resident-Friendly Tools. (p 160) The Village should create regulations that are more intelligible to residents by using illustra tions in addition to text and using less-abstract metrics .. • Consider a form-based code which dictates parameters for building shapes OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 6 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E X E C U T IV E S U M M A RY O U R K E Y , O U R VISIO N 4. COMMUNITY AND MANAGEMENT (p 168) Li sts a series of recom m endations intended to aid the V illage staff in adm inistering a variety of reside nt prio rities. Community & Management: Reinforce Security (p 17 0) C alibrate both design and com m unity surv eillance practices to the V illage conditions • C o p on a B ike w ill enco ura ge po sitive police interaction w ith the co m m unity. • C rim e P revention Thro ugh E nviro nm ental Design d eters crim e thro ugh access contro l, social m an age m e nt, natural surve illa nc e, territorial rein fo rcem ent and m a intenance. • M o nitoring incl udes cam eras as w ell as license p late reade rs, and natural surveilla nce created b y w indow s and line s of sig ht. Reinio rce Securitv with positive police interoc tions with the com m unity which also regulate per sonal transportation safety. • Community & Management: Inspire Community Activism (p 176) Pro vide or i entation fo r elected and appointed offi cials to reinfo rce Village traditions. Inspire govern m ent thro ugh participation by m em bers of the com m unity, particularly youth. • G ood G overn ance should include orientation w hich describes the Council-M anager fo rm of govern m ent, charter, existing plans, and review of boards and w ays to involve the com m unity. • Com m unity Engagem ent & Volunteerism should continue to im prove the Village w ith grass-ro ots efforts supported by govern m ent. • Youth Pro gram s w hich expand upon athletics to fo ster a sense of self-reliance and com m unity in Village youth. Reinforce Security with CPTED which encour ages visibility and activity to prevent crime. • Community & Management: Optimize Parking & Peak-Hour Traffic Manage ment (p 180) Coordinate the Village parking needs for each mode of travel and pro actively address the high traffic volum es at peak school hours. • Car Parking should be maintained but not expanded at the expense of walkability or encour aging other transportation modes. • Golf Cart Parking should be expanded to encour age carts as a cleaner, safer, altern ative to full size vehicl es. • Personal Transport Parking should also be expanded, though scooters and e-bikes must be regulated to keep pedestrians safe. • School Shuttles should be expanded to relieve peak-traffi c associated with drop-off and pick-up. Good government includes active participation by community members who can share expertise. Community & Management: Preserve Envi ronment & Heritage Structures (p 186) Mon itor and safeguard the health of the ecosystems and legacy infrastructure on the island of Key Biscayne • Partnerships with federal, state, and county gov ernments in adjacent and nearby parks are essen tial to preserve both nature and structures such as the Lighthouse. • Land Acquisition and Parks Conservancy may expand and improve upon the parks system in partnership with the Village. • Historic Landmarks such as the Cape Florida Light, Calusa Playhouse, and Key Biscayne Beach Club provide key links to the past which the Vil lage should help preserve. Preserve the built environment: Calusa Playhouse After much public participation and professional input, a Vision Plan has been prepared "for the community, by the community" to preserve our small-town quality of life, better prepare for the challenges of the future, and ensure that the Key Biscayne enjoyed by past generations will also be enjoyed by future generations. OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 7 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN P U B L IC EN G A G E M E N T SPEAK UP KEY B ISC AY NE PLATFORM T he e ngag e m e n t pla tfo rm S p e a k u p K eyB isca y n e.com w e n t liv e o n A ug us t 2 , 2 02 1. It w a s de sig ne d to in form th e K ey B isca yn e co m m un ity a bo u t th e v isio ning pro ce s s, g ive stak e h o lde rs a platf o rm fo r th e ir ide a s a nd co n cern s, and g ra n t a n o pp o rtu nity fo r a ll are a re side n ts to post com m e n ts a b o u t the fu tu re ev o lu tio n of the V illa ge OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I Decem ber 6, 2022 The Vision Share Ideas Meet The Speak Up Plan Start a dialog and Team Take surveys on the Learn more about post ideas for the Meet the leaders hot topics, quality this exciting Village. facilitating The of life and potential initiative and look Vision Plan enhancements. for Key Dates! process. - - - mm T h e o nline tool posted ideas on key topics and gauged public o p inion via a num ber of surveys that registere d vis itors to the site w ere able to com plete. T he platfo rm w as designed to tabulate the input and give the V ision Board and the V illage consultants im portant com m unity feedback. 7,000 ONLINE VISITORS 700 SURVEYS COMPLETED 100s OF WORKSHOP ATTENDEES 8 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN PUB LIC ENGA GEM EN T SPEA K U P K EY B ISCAY NE PLATFORM H o w im po rta nt do you th ink th e e n han cem en ts lis te d below are fo r the futu re of K ey B is cayn e ? P le a s e re sp on d 1 bein g lea s t im portant and 5 be in g m o st im p o rtant. Bettor p.irking sojutlons. Traffic calming during peak hours. Cycling lanes on c:.-aus.owa:y separated by physic ... Install "smart lights" on Orandon Boulevard, Refreshed, more inviling and accessible commo ... Adequacy of the pub1Ic library. Become a modst coastal community or sea levtL. Access to Biscayne Bay and boachos. More public spaces for recreation (parks, bai ... Fodsral, state and focal collaborations for b ... 138 110 63 118 73 82 58 91 100 102 143 109 100 125 60 72 13' 66 138 104 114 125 Find solution to Sargassum saawsed Invasion. , lmprov0d access lo educauon, More attord.ible l10using. especially for senio ... More aclivitiss for te-e flS . More options for walkability, less reliance o ... 287 94 1 84 151 71 83 137 84 173 101 122 182 1Cl8 108 41 100 200 300 400 OUR KEY · OUR VISIO N I 2022 I Decem ber 6, 2022 5 4 T he V ision P lan nin g te am utilize d a series of surveys and engagem enl lools to refine the fo cus of the su bsequ ent W orkshops. A n Enhancem ent S urvey, overall Q uality of Li fe S u rvey, a nd finally a fo cused H ot Topics S urvey gauged interests of the com m u nity w h ich cre ate d the agenda a nd topics covered in the w orkshops. A n additional 15 3 people to ok tim e to fill out fr e e-fo rm com m ents about particular issues. 3 2 Tool Type Contributors Engagement Tool Name Tool Status Visitors Registered Unverified Anonymous Survey Tool i·-.,. .. · Key Biscayne Enhancement Survey ~~ 1322 475 0 0 . ; .r.: ;;. . - Survey Tool Key Biscayne Quality of Life Survey ~~\ 448 306 0 0 Survey Tool If· .;• Hot Topics Survey Publlshe'd , 55 19 0 0 I:< • ~-z~,: P art icipation in three sep arate surv ey s pro gressively narro w ed fo cus of subsequent w orkshops. Visits :JOO 250 200 50 I 100 \ !\, ~ 60 r, ~ ' i I J\ . ~ ", ,, \ ~- 1 /\'JI) '2 ,s~ 21 I 0L1 21 ....... ' t-.k"n '21 1 J I 22 The Vision P lanning team m ad e several m arketing effort s over the course of the sum m er and fall of 202 1 w hich en courag ed residen t p art icipation. 500 9 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN VKB VISION PROCESS & PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT WORKSHOP PROCESS The Vision Workshops took place February 15th to the 19th. The well-attended meetings were held in the Village Hall's Community Room. The principal sessions focused on the three main themes of the Vision Plan which covered the fol lowing topics: • Community and Management • Future & Policy • Policy & Design The week also included two evening Open Houses which allowed for less structured public participation and permitted parents to bring their children. Several of the children illus trated their ideas in colored drawings. The workshop was notable for the active participation by both residents and Vil lage staff. The closing reception featured a lively discussion on the implementation feasibility and financing of the Vision Plan's more ambitious ideas. One of several meetings during the charrette with residents and public officials The kids drawings their suggestions to brighten the future of the village. OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 10 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN VKB VISIO N PROC ESS & PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT WORKSHOP MEETING TOPICS Community & Fu tu re & Place & Management P o li c y D e sign • Parking • Storm Surge & Sea Level • Public realm / • Cart v. car Rise Recreational Areas • Mobility • Pump locations • Identify maintenance •MDT-Route B • Hardening requirements • Village- FreeBee • Storage • Design • School Circulators • Beach Renourishment Opportunities • Traffic and pro tection • Shopping center regulations • Security & Safety • USACE plans • Access to Beach and Bay • Schools & Public • M aintenance/ • Identify existing/ pending/ Education Enhancement of proposed locations Property Values DPZ presenting to the public OUR KEY · OUR VISIO N I 2022 I Decem ber 6, 2022 Open House Pin Up The young children suggesting their ideas for the Village. 11 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN T H E V IL L A G E V IS IO N P L A N SW O T A N ALYSIS C REATE D BY VISION BO A RD ST R E N G TH S O U R P E O P L E • K e y B isca yn e ha s a "sm a ll-tow n " atm o sp h e re an d is o ne o f the co u ntry's m o st d ive rse co m m u n itie s in te rm s o f na tio n a l o rig in , prim a ry la ng u a g e , an d ag e . • K e y B is c a y n e 's p o p u la tio n in c lu d e s m a n y ta le n te d p e o p le , w ith im p re ssive e d u ca tio na l ba ckg ro u n d s, skill se ts, cu ltu ra l lite r acy, p ro fe ssio n a l acco m p lish m e nts, e tc. • K e y B isca yn e is one th e co u n try's w e a lthie st co m m u n itie s. • M a n y K e y B isca yn e re sid e nts are p h ila nthro p ic. • K e y B isca yne ha s m a n y lifers - resid e n ts w ho ca n no t im a g ine livin g a n yw h e re e lse . • M a n y K e y B isca yne resid e n ts are active in o u r co m m u n ity, w o rkin g to im p ro ve our q ua lity of life thro ug h civic, so cia l, re li g io u s, a n d o th e r co m m u n ity gro u p s. The people of Key Biscayne are diverse, talented, wealthy, phil anthropic, long-tim e residents who are active in our community. O U R P L A C E • K e y B isca yn e ha s a rela xe d "isla nd fe e l" w ith im m e d iate a ccess to a b u n d a n t na tu ra l reso u rce s - A tla ntic O ce a n to the e a st; B isca yn e B a y to the w e st, an d p a rkla n d s to th e no rth a n d so u th . • K e y B isca yn e ha s im m e d ia te a cce ss to M ia m i - o n e o f th e w o rld 's m o st d yn a m ic citi e s (in cl u d in g a n in te rn a tio na l a irpo rt, am p le cu ltu ra l a n d en te rta in m e nt o ptio ns, a nd dyn a m ic ne ig h bo rin g co m m u n itie s). O U R K E Y · O U R V IS IO N I 2 0 2 2 I D e ce m b e r 6, 2 0 2 2 • K ey B isca yne is bea utifu l, su rro u n d e d by p u b lic park sp a ce - B ill B aggs S tate Park to the south ; C ra n don (C ou nty) Park to the N o rth . • Ke y B iscayn e ha s m a de significa n t in ve stm e nts in pub lic space in the V illa ge - V illa ge G re e n; P arad ise P a rk; B e ach Park; H a m p to n P a rk; L a ke P ark. • K e y B iscayne is a sm a ll, se lf-co ntain e d com m unity w h ere w alkin g an d cycl ing a re fea sible m eth o d s o f lo cal tra nsp orta tio n. Key Biscayne is one of the most desirable places to live in the world due to its natural resources, access to Miami, public park space, and size and walkability. Since incorporation, Key Biscayne has a legacy of accomplishing great things - despite its low tax rate, and the Village's responsive ness, public services, facilities, credit rating, educational options, public safety, and community programming are exceptional 12 D P Z C oD E S IG N I T H E K E Y B IS C AY N E V IS IO N P LA N T H E V IL L A G E V IS IO N P L A N SWOT ANALYSIS W EA KNESSES OU R PEO PLE • K ey B iscayne has m any tra nsient residents w ho are here on tem porary assignm ent or the like and do not consider Key Biscayne hom e. • R esidents' reliance on autom obiles (even fo r lo cal trips in Key B iscayne), com bined w ith population gro w th and lim ited and poorly laid out parking, has led to frustration w ith parking in K ey B iscayne . • T raffic safety law com pliance is lacking (especially am ongst teens). N otwithstanding our wonderful com m unity of residents, som e of us do not consider Key B iscayne to be our perm anent hom e, we need to walk m ore and drive less, and we need to take care to follow the rules of the ro ad. O U R P L A C E • K ey B iscayne is an island reachable by land only via one causew ay, w hic h cro sses three bridges that are not all adequately storm hard ened. T he B ear C ut B ridge is particularly weak in its current state. • F lo odinq due to storm w ater is frequent, and inconvenient. • M uc h of K ey B iscayne's utility infr astructure is abovegro und, leading to susceptibility to outages, storm dam age, and unsightly aesthetics. • A ccess to K ey B iscayne is contro lled in part by the City of Miam i, M ia m i-D ade C ounty, and the Crandon Park O versight Com m ittee. • M o st of the isla nd of K ey B iscayne is contro lled by the State of Flor ida or M ia m i-D ade C ounty. • C ra ndo n B oulevard is contro lled by M iam i-Dade County. • K ey B iscayne public spaces are inadequate to accom m odate the de m and fo r active recreatio n (playing fields, etc.). • M uch of the open space and Bay access in Key Biscayne is not open OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 to the public. • Traffic is congested due to residents' reliance on automobiles (even for local trips in Key Biscayne), school openings/closings, outdated tra ffi c management, and population gro wth. • Cyclists, especially those in pelotons, often are not physically sep arated fro m fast-moving automobiles - frustration runs high and, tragically, lives are lost from tim e-to-time. Key Biscayne is a /ow -lying barrier island with only one way in and out, and m uch of our physical infrastructure is contro lled by others (City of M iam i, M iam i-D ade County, etc.). Our bridges are not all storm-hard ened, storm water causes flooding, and our utilities are largely abo vegro und. Despite our public parks, we do not have adequate open space for all residents (lack of ballfields, and limited access to Biscayne Bay, fo r example). And, the traffic congestion harms our quality of life, while cycl ists are not separated fro m fast-moving traffic. lengthy commutes to m a n y com m o n destinatio ns. • Housing costs are high; th e re are lim ited optio ns for senio rs and young adults, for example . • The Village of Key Bisca y n e's teen pro gram m ing can be im pro ved. Our flexibility to improve ou r com m unity is constrained by our extern al relationships with other jurisd ictions, and by intern al factors such as our debt cap, and long-term lia bilities. O ur scho ols, while excellent, can be improved in ways th at a re som e what out of our contro l. A nd challenges like affordable h ousin g for seniors and activities fo r teens need to be addressed. OUR INSTITUTIONS • Key Biscayne can impro ve upon our working relationships with the City of Miam i and M iami-Dade County. • The Village of Key Biscayne's debt cap is restrictive, may not allow fo r optimal capital planning, and may place Key Biscayne at a dis advantage com pared to its peers. • The Village of Key Biscayne's pensions are somewhat underfunded. • M AST Academy does not admit all interested Key Biscayne middle and high-school students, and is not the right option for others. • K-12 public school options are contro lled by Miami-Dade County Public Schools. • Public tra nsit to Miam i (B bus) is considered by many residents to be unreliable, unclean and unpleasant, and requires transfers and 13 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN T H E V I L L A G E V I S IO N P L A N S W O T A N A LY S IS C R E AT E D BY V IS IO N BO A R D • K ey B iscayne m ay h ave an op portunity to he lp sha pe the fu ture of the entry blo ck. • P oten tial increased state fund ing of utility u nde r g ro und ing e ffo rts. • A bility to le ve rag e le a rn ing s and be s t p ractic es as ne ig hboring and othe r m unic O PP O RT U N IT I ES ipa litie s att e m pt to m a na ge se a le ve l ris e a nd flo oding . • In th e e ven t o f crisis (storm s , etc.) or opportunitie s (infr astructure in v estm e n ts, etc.), th e V illa ge of K ey B iscay ne ca n inc rease its m illag e a nd/or d e bt ca p w itho ut threatening its credit rating or a bility to o pera te in a p ru de nt, safe and sound m a nne r. • Fed e ral, sta te and local colla boratio ns fo r beac h restoratio n and m a inten a nc e m ay b e p ursue d. • Te c h n o lo g y resources a re increasingly a vailable at m odest cost to help th e V illa ge o f K e y B isca yn e m ake m ore data-driven deci sions. • ln terlocal a gre em en ts b e tw e en M iam i-D ade C ounty P ublic S chools a nd th e V ill age o f K e y B iscayne can b e e xpanded upon to m utual b e n efit. • Im pro ved fu nctio ning "sm a rt lig hts" on C rando n B o ulevard. • C alu s a P ark im pro vem e n ts m ay fo ster cultu ral activ ities and allow fo r a dd itio n a l p laying fie lds. • A s e xtern a l fa ctors d rive com m e rcial redevelo pm e nt, the V illage m ay d e m a nd in tellige nt d e sig ns im pro ving visual appeal, appro p riate levels o f p arking , w alkability, and sense of co m m unity and in teractio n b etw een reside n ts. • The structure and management of Rickenbacker Causeway may change, presenting an opportunity for the Village's needs to be incorporated into the design. OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 THREATS • T he C ity of M ia m i intends to com m ercialize V irginia K ey. • M ia m i-D a de C o un ty m a y co m m e rci a liz e C rando n P ark. • T he structure and m a nage m e nt of R icken backer C ausew ay m ay change w ithout address ing the V illage's needs. • Irrespective of cause or potential solutions, sea levels are rising , and storm fr equency and intensity are increasing . • M inor and m ajor flo od events are increasingly com m o n and severe. • C o m m e rcial rents threaten the lo ng-term via bility of restaurants and othe r lo cal businesses. • FP L ha rde ning plans. • A C ategory 2 storm could unseat the B ear C ut bridge fr om its pilings, leading to pro lo nged and sig nificant inaccessib ility to K ey B iscayne fro m m ainland, presenting potential catastro phic risks to public safety and pro perty at w orst, m ajo r inconvenie nce and expense at best. • If taxes levie d exceed the perceived value of the im pro vem e nts and servic es they suppo rt, pro perty values could be im pacted. • E xtern al econom ic conditio ns outside of K ey B iscayne's contro l (e.g ., politic al and m arket events in som e S o uth A m e rican countries) can have an out-sized im pact upon pro perty value s in K ey B iscayne . • S a rga ssum seaw eed enc roaches on K ey B iscayne reside nts' and visitors' ability to enjoy our beaches. • T he sew age treatm e nt plant on V irginia K ey is a sig nificant threat to w ater qua lity, hum an he alth, and natural resources. • Inc reasing risks to public he alth, especi a lly am o ngst teens, such as im paired driving, club drug use, vaping , etc. 14 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN 2 0 2 0 V IS IO N P L A N STATUS SU MM ARY The 2020 Vision Plan, completed in May 2006, produced a iist of projects envisioned by our Community and prioritized according to our residents' preferences. It was an effective pro cess. We know that by understanding what we value and by envisioning what we want, we can control our own future. The 2020 Vision Plan invoked past experience and anticipated changes, opportunities and challenges, all to guide policy and planning for where we wanted to go and how to get there. That was the promise of incorporation. The choices made in 2006 were subsequently fulfilled. • High School on Virginia Key / M AST • M AST Field Access • Community Center Expansion • Freebee • Butterfly Garden • Beach Park Improvements • Village-W ide Landscaping • Bike Safety • Beach Access Improvements • Beach Re-nourishment • Neighborhood Parks • Dog Park • Village Green Lighting • Improve Traffic Circulation • Interconnect Shopping Centers • Fund Village traffic study • Calming roundabouts OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I Decem ber 6, 2022 • Buffer Commercial Areas • On-Street Parking • New Sidewalks • Pedestrian Intersection Improvements • Artwork in Public Spaces • View Corridor / Hacienda Park • Improved Storm W ater Drainage • 560 Crandon Blvd / Paradise Park • School Play Field Access • New Library • Community Parks / Playing Fields • Calusa Park Improvements • Landscaping Improvements • Beach Re-nourishment Outstanding • Bury Overhead Lines • Improved Storm Water Drainage • Bay View Park • View Corridor at Pines Canal • Additional Calusa Park Improvements • Village Green Seating Deck 15 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN GEOGRAPHIC CONTEXT REGIONAL PROXIMITIES ·._, .. . .t-· ·~ •.-.:. ,._ ; ' .· . . :, . , .. . : ::-· .. ·. ~ ; C /. -~ randon Marina · fJ• • Crandon qorr The Village of Key Biscayne occupies one of the barrier islands off the South Florida coast line, separated from Miami by Biscayne Bay. The island of Key Biscayne itself includes two major parks, Crandon Park belonging to the Miami-Dade County and Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park. The Village of Key Biscayne is located between these two major parks. Virginia Key is home to parks, marinas, restaurants, and a number of attractions and educational facilities-the Miami Marine Sta dium, MAST Academy, & UM's Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science. It is also the site of the Miami Seaquarium, a county wastewater treatment plant, the North Point Mountain Bike Trails and the Historic Virginia Key Beach Park. The Rickenbacker Causeway is the vital link connecting the Village back to the main land via Crandon Boulevard, over the Bear Cut bridge, Virginia Key, the William Powell Bridge, Hobie Island, and the West Bridge. Bill Baggs Cape Florida Slate Park . Cape Florida Channel O U R KEY · O U R VISIO N I 2022 I December 6, 2022 16 DPZ CoDESIG N I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN G E O G R A P H IC C O N T E X T COMMUNITY VICINITY North of the Village, Crandon Park is one of seven heritage parks acquired by Miam i-Dade County. The park's many amenities include a golf course, a marina, a 2-mile beach, an international tennis center that was originally built to host the Miami Open, a botanical garden, and the Marjory Stoneman Douglas Biscayne Nature Center. Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park to the south of the Vil lage is home to the iconic Cape Florida Lighthouse that has become the symbol of the Village. It is owned and operated by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Con structed in 1825, the light guided sailors off the Florida Reef that extends from Key Biscayne southward towards the Flor ida Keys. OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 Cape Florida Channel Straits of Florida Rickenbacker Causeway connects Virginia Key and Key Biscayne to the City of Miami on the mainland. The Village of Key Biscayne sits between two major regional parks: Crandon Park and Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park. 17 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN G E O G R A P H IC C O N T E X T PEDESTRIAN SHEDS - 5 MINUTE WALK This diagram illustrates the "pedestrian shed," a distance that a resident can cover in five minutes at a normal walking pace. This dis tance is equal to a ¼ mile-radius distance. The "pedestrian shed" is the typical distance people are willing to walk before opting to drive. This traditional urban design metric is one used to define healthy neighborhoods where most daily needs can be met within a 5-minute walk. Almost the entire Village is within a 5-10-minute walk of the services and civic amenities located along Crandon Boulevard. OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 18 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN G E O G R A P H IC C O N T E X T P E D E S T R IA N S H E D S - 15 M IN U T E WA LK The concept of a "15-minute City" is a com munity where residents may meet all of their basic daily needs within a 15-minute walk or bike ride. Key Biscayne is ideally configured to achieve the 15-minute comm unity goal. The "pedestrian shed" is the typical distance people are willing to walk before opting to drive. The "pedestrian shed" is supplemented by biking as well. The 15 minute walking distance is equivalent to a 5 minute bike ride. ! I I I I I I I \ \ \ \ \ I f Stra its of Florida I I I I I C ape Florida Channel OUR KEY· OUR VISION 12022 I December 6, 2022 19 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN H I S T O R I C C O N T E X T O R IG IN A L P L AT M A P 19 5 2 I<.E t BISC~\~NE DADE coLjNTY J 31 I t ti,e,lk•,:-OOf'ccl•IJl\Ch. Kr-1 1 t 1 I ... This hand-dra fted m ap was originally produced in 1952. It dem onstrates how D ade C ounty, and other m unicipal Planning and Zoning departm ents, docum ented and m anually updated their platting info rm ation w ith ink draw ings in the era preceding digital graphic progra m s. Im portant to note, is the significance and pow er of draw ings. This 1951 m ap reflects how the prim ary goal of the original m aster plan of Key Bis cayne w as to plat as m any residential lots as possible. There was m ini m al to no concern for creating park space inside the V illage or providing access points or view corridors to the bay or ocean frontage. After incorporation, the V illage set about to correct this initial oversight. W ith the help of draw ings, this V ision Plan acknow ledges the continuing desire fo r a m ore robust public realm and the creation of additional park space. <It .-.. I .,. ..- a ~ er ~ ~ E,... ~ -,5~-~--- . - ----··· -- ·-- •OP ~ I: .,J11c. 'S ~ {ft,Jf ~0//N,e c: r 4 OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 ,, I I I I I I I I I I I Cl: I Io I I I I I I I I Source: Courtesy of the Mendoza Family Collection 20 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN H IS T O R IC C O N T E X T T H E V IL LA G E O F K E Y BIS C AY N E Large scale residential development on Key Biscayne was not possible until 1947, with the opening of the four-mile (6 km) long Rickenbacker Causeway from Miami to Virginia Key and on to Key Biscayne via the Bear Cut Bridge. The north ern two-thirds of the island once featured the largest coco nut plantation in the continental United States in the first half of the 20th century. In 1940, the Matheson family donated over 800 acres (3.2 km2) of their land to Dade County for a public park (Crandon Park) in exchange for a commitment that the county would build a causeway to the island. The remaining Matheson property, stretching across the middle of the island, was then sold to developers. Starting in 1951, the Mackle Construction Company offered new homes on the island for US$9,540, with just US$500 down. A U.S. Post Office contract branch was opened, the Community Church started holding services in an old coco nut-husking shed, and the Key Biscayne Elementary School opened in 1952, with students attending Ponce de Leon and Coral Gables High School for continuing education. Cape Florida, the southern part of Key Biscayne, was owned by James Deering and, after his death, by his brother Charles, for 35 years. The State of Florida purchased the land in 1966, in part due to the advocacy of Miami News editor Bill Baggs and became Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park on January 1,1967. The 6,000 square foot Key Biscayne branch library oper ated by Miami-Dade Public Library System opened in Jan uary 1985. The Village was incorporated as a new municipality in 1991, the first new city in Miami-Dade County in over fifty years. The incorporation of the Village provided local control over taxes and future development. In 2012, MAST Academy, a magnet school on Virginia Key, gave eligible Key Biscayne residents priority in filling 1,100 seats in the school's Cambridge program as an additional option to Coral Gables High. Other schools include St. Agnes Academy, a parochial school belonging to the Catholic Archdiocese of Miami serving pre-k3 to eighth grade, the Key Biscayne Community School, St. Christopher's by the Sea Episcopal Church, and the Cross bridge Presbyterian Church. Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park, located south of the Village, is also the home of the historic Florida Cape Light, the oldest structure in Miami Dade County. OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 21 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN H IS T O R IC C O N T E X T 71 YEARS OF EVOLUTION 1951 - 2022 Typical Residential Street, 1954 (source-Stan Wayman-MiamiHerald_FlashbackMiami.com) v. 2022 ces _ TY "lll HOP f. ... ,. - - Early Shopping Center, ca. 1953 (Source: Key Biscyane Historical & Heritage Society) v. 2022 Key Biscayne's original developer were the Mackle Broth ers, Elliott, Robert and Frank Jr., who also developed many other Florida communities in the 1950s and 60s, including Marco Island, in Collier Co. The single story Mackle houses, as they are still known today, were modest dwellings with carports. Following the Village's incorporation in 1991, and the changes to the Florida Building Code following 1992's OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 Hurricane Andrew, the Zoning Code of Key Biscayne per mitted larger, elevated dwellings with shallower side and rear setbacks and a 35 ft. height limit. Today, many taller homes occupy the winding residential streets once occu pied by smaller homes with larger front yards dotted with coconut palms. The two photos above are of the same shopping center at 606-632 Crandon Blvd. This one-time 1950's modest strip center was home to the beloved Village pharmacy, Vernon's Drugs. Following numerous expansions over the years, today this com mercial com plex features several restaurants, shops, and a 2nd floor W inn-Dixie market built atop a parking garage. 22 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN H IS T O R IC C O N T E X T THE INCORPORATION MOVEMENT Taxation Without Representation: Prior to incorporation in June 1991, Key Biscayne was part of unincor porated M iam i-D ade County. The M ia m i-D ade C ounty Com m ission w as our local govern m ent. Our ordi nances and govern ing regulations w ere M iam i-D ade's. Key Biscayne taxes w ere allocated to projects and services throughout the County. As a donor com m unity w ith a re latively sm all voting population, physically separate fro m the m ainland, C ounty policy decisions did not prioritize Key 1926 Biscayne's local concern s. C ounty se rvic e s and fiscal suppo rt allocated back to Key Biscayne w e re inadeq ua te to address our needs. Key Biscayne residents g rew increa singly frustrated w ith m ediocre services, worsening parks and o p en sp ace defici ts, inatt ention to landscaping and m a in te n ance, and threats of speci al events and developm ent p ro jects, both o n th e C ausew ay and w ithin the com m unity, se e n as ad verse to our local interests. Locals seized on the re a liz atio n that the C ounty w as m ore interested in Key Bis ca yn e as a don o r com m unity than as benefici ary of policies a im ed at m aintain ing m uch less im proving our quality of life. "Keeping our Village within the Village" Through Self-De termination: OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 1995 County, which, before incorpora tion, was responsible for all local building and zoning approvals. These included what became the Grand Bay and Ritz Carlton, and Ocean Club, as well as plans for the Tennis Center that thre at ened traffic delays, degraded landscaping, prompting fears of com m ercialization in Crandon Park. Local opposition was gal vanized and Key Biscayne found a widely-shared com m on purpose in protesting decisions from Gov ern m ent Center that subordinated or ignored our community interests. Key Biscayne residents organized the relatively massive and long-shot effort to incorporate, for sake of self-deter m ination, thro ugh contro l of zoning and local policy-making cham pioning local interests. Recognizing our distinctive qualities as a lush, inform al, neighborly small-town island comm unity, the action-call grew - as the credo later came to be - to "Keep our Village within the Village". Responsive Government: The goal was characteristically and classically dem ocratic. The local community would best be served by local con tro l, delegated to local leaders possessing local knowledge 2021 T h e o rig ina l c h a m p io n s of incorpo ra tio n, B ill C roysdale , D o n ald Berg, R ich a rd C ro m a rtie and H e len W hite, jo in e d by m a n y o th e rs, co ine d the a cc u ra te m o niker "K ey Biscayne rs for R e sp o n sive G overn m e nt". T hey had th e visio n an d the drive to push fo r incorp o ratio n. T he pre-in c orporation ele cted citizens cou n ci l w o rke d hard, leve rag ing m any v olu n te e rs, to educa te re sidents on a ll a sp e cts of inco rpo ra tio n and the res ultin g re s p onsib ilities fo r a city gov e rn m e nt. O n N ovem ber 6 , 19 90, the e le cto rs o f K ey Biscayn e voted for Ke y B isca yn e to be a m un icipality. O n June 18, 1991, our Charte r w a s a pprove d a nd the V illage of Key Biscayne, long a com m unity , th en becam e a city. That era of Key Biscayne rs fo r R e s p on sive G overn m ent fo ught for local control over dev elo p m e n t, p rude nt use of taxes for improved services and am e n ities, a n d im prove d pu blic safety. The results over the ensu ing th re e de cade s and counting demonstrate the importance of th at fig h t an d the enorm ous value deriving from that su cc ess. A ll th is catalyze s the con tinuing high degree of civic pride a n d pu blic participa tion that drive and inform this late st V isio n P lan. S h o rtly be fore the in corporation gained traction, large devel- and a primary comm itment to local considerations, who o p m e nts pla n s for Key Biscayne cam e before M iam i-Dade w ould be well-known to, and responsive to, their neighbors. 23 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN HISTOR IC C O NT EXT CAPE FLORIDA LIGHT The Cape Florida Light is a lighthouse at the southern end of Cape Florida State Park and is the iconic symbol of Key Biscayne. It was constructed in 1825 to ward off sailors from the Florida Reef. Staff operated the light, with inter ruptions, until 1878, when it was replaced by the Fowey Rocks lighthouse and fell into disrepair. The state restored the lighthouse tower, and in 1969 constructed replicas of the keeper's dwellings. The lighthouse was put back into use in 1978 by the U.S. Coast Guard to mark the Florida Channel, the deepest natural channel into Biscayne Bay. Though decommissioned in 1990, the lighthouse was relit in 1996. It is owned and operated by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park is named for the editor of the Miami News, who had advocated for its protection and helped arrange the acquisition by the State of Florida for preservation of the park land. The lighthouse is beloved by locals who identified its pro tection from sea level rise as a top priority. OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 The Cape Florida Light; Photo Courtesy of the Village of Key Biscayne Chamber of Commerce The Cape Florida Light and keeper's house were built in 1825. 24 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN HIS TOR IC C O N TE X T TIMELINE 1825 Cape Florida Light is built. 1940 Matheson family donated over 800 acres to Dade County that would become Crandon Park north of the Village. OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 1947 The 4-mile long Ricken backer Causeway was built. 1951 Mackle Construction Com pany began selling homes on Key Biscayne. 1967 Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park opened to the south of the Village. 1991 Village of Key Biscayne is incorporated. 25 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E X I S T IN G C O N D IT IO N S V ILLAGE ASSETS & AM ENITIES The Village of Key Biscayne is proud of its already impressive list of commercial and civic landmarks. Many residents are within a 5-minute walk of the commercial corridor and a 15-minute walk of the Community Center. OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 26 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E X IS T IN G C O N D IT IO N S CURRENT PROJECTS CALUSA • PLAYHOUSE SCHOOL , , , , , , . , ' l' ::.----· .... -- -· .. - ~-- ..... - .. - ... - .. - - .. . ..... _ ..... _ - ... .. .. - .. - -- HARBOR PARK . . . . . . --- COMMUNITY CENTER I 1/ LAKE PARK PAVILLION OCEAN BEACH PARK OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 PARADISE PARK (under construction) LIBRARY TRAFFIC ENGINEERING • CRANDON BLVD Currently underway in the Village are a series of commercial and civic projects in various stages of implementation, such as the new Library and Paradise Park. Other key sites are the subject of design ideas such as the entry block near Harbor Drive. Additional locations may be expanded or improved such as the Community Center and K-8 School . • Potential Projects 1111 Currents Projects Parks & Open Space chool 2. Community Center 3. Paradise Park 4. Lake Park Pavilion 5. Library 6. St. Agnes 7. Traffic Engineering - Crandon Blvd 8. Harbor Park 9. Beach Park 10. Key Biscayne Gateway 11. Calusa Playhouse 12. Projects - Design Phase 13. Projects - Under Construction-. 14. Projects - Approved ! ! ! ! - 27 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E X IS T IN G C O N D IT IO N S POTENTIAL ENHANCEMENTS POTENTIAL BAY FRONT BOARDWALK VILLAGE GATEWAY SHOPPING CENTER REDEVELOPMENT MALL REDEVELOPMENT OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 Even in well-loved communities like Key Biscayne that wish to retain their charac ter, change in the form of upgrades to existing assets, redevelopments of older properties, and new buildings on undeveloped parcels can be welcomed. This diagram shows several current and past ideas of where infill, redevelopment and improvements might take place. SHOPPING CENTER REDEVELOPMENT 1111 VILLAGE GREEN ENHANCEMENTS • Potential Projects Parks & Open Space Potential Bay Front Boardwalk 28 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E X IS T IN G C O N D IT IO N S DEMOGRAPHICS: FROM CENSUS.GOV • • • • ,.,.,., .,.,.,. ,.,.,., .,.,.,. ' ' ' ' 2.92 Persons per Household 4,422 Households Total G E N D E R it • f 48.5% ETH N IC ITY ••• ,., WHITE 25.1% As of April 1, 2020, the population of Key Biscayne is 51.5% ASIAN 0.3% HISPANIC 73.7% 14,809 OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 The estimated Key Biscayne population by 2040 is projected to be 1 6 , 0 1 5 +1,206 Additional residents are expected to be living on the Key over the next 20 years with full time residents replacing vacation residents. +350 NEW Projected Households Expected increases from infill of vacant lots and conversion of vacation/second homes to primary residences. 29 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E X IS T IN G C O N D IT IO N S DEMOGRAPHICS 1992 8,897 2000 10,488 2010 12,344 2020 14,809 Population Growth to Date Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2019 NOTABLE AGE DEMOGRAPHICS (based on US Census categories) • ~ • • • t1't1' 1' • (ft' • OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 2030 14,983 2040 16,015 Projected Growth Source: VKB 2018 Evaluation & Appraisal Report (EAR) Page 5. 5.6°/o The latest US Census count for Key Biscayne totals 14,809 residents. Since the 1991 incor poration, the Village has grown by approxi mately 2,000 residents per decade. It is possible that the Village could welcome 300 or more new full-time resident house holds by 2040. A small amount of this growth is expected to due to construction on the few vacant single-family home lots. Most of this growth is expected to be families acquiring existing properties that currently have fewer occupants or might be serving as vacation / part-time homes. Conversion of current part time residents to full-time residents will likely account for most growth but will likely taper off by 2040 as sites are built. •••• ¼ii T l l~tl) Below 5 Years 31.So/o AGE: The largest demographic of age is from 25-45. The population projection is expected to increase by ~2000 people by 2040. Below 18 Years 14.0o/o 65 Years and Above 30 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN A R E A S O F FO C U S EXISTING CONDITIONS & CONCEPTS W hile th e visio n plan encom passes m any design ideas and po licy reco m m e ndatio ns to inform the future vision for Key B isca yne , the con cepts being draw n w hich show changes in bu ildin gs com pare d to existing structures are a relatively small fo otp rin t. T h e V illag e is m ostly com posed of residential neigh b o rhoods and it is im portant to note that changes to these areas pro posed by this V ision Plan w ould take place largely within the pu blic thoro ughfares and rights-of-w ay, and consist of enhance m e n ts to addre ss traffi c flow , parking, storm w ater and other in fr a structure fea tures. A centra l area of fo cus in the plan is the com m ercial properties a lo n g C ran do n B ou levard, the V illage's central spine. Though sitt in g o n privately-ow ned lands, as is the case in any tow n, the V illage C enter is the hub of public life on the island and thus im pacts every re sident and visitor. T he idea for this location re su lted fr o m com bining the goals of m aking the V illage m ore re s ilient w hile sim u ltaneously im proving the 1960-80s era shop pin g cente rs. A s note d in the S peak-U p platfo rm surveys and in the w ork sh o p se ssio n s, residents find the com m ercial core to be out da te d, unfr ie ndly to pedestrians, not offering suffi cient visibility fo r retaile rs, a n d unable to accom m odate necessary outdoor d in in g sp a ce fo r restaurants. T h is V ision P lan also addresses another m ajor need expressed b y the com m unity: the lack of park space w ithin the V illage bo unda rie s, especially outdoor sports fields. S everal of the ide a s dep icted in dicate w here additional green and recreational sp a ce m ay be ad ded. OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 Biscayne Bay Cape Florida Channel C) Straits of Florida Existing Conditions of the Village of Key Biscayne Biscayne Bay Cape Florida Channel C) Straits of Florida Proposed concepts in the Village of Key Biscayne 31 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN A R E A S O F F O C U S IL L U S T R ATIV E FO C U S A R EA S The proposed ideas consist of enhancements to existing assets, making older properties resilient, and new construc tion on undeveloped parcels, that do not increase density. The following are the principal design ideas. 1. Gateway: Establish an entrance into the Village with Crandon Boulevard transitioning from a suburban park way into an urban main street. 2. Community Hub: Envision a Village shopping dis trict as a cohesive, vibrant, and resilient community hub. 3. Community Hub Potential Expansion south of the Village Center. 4. Multi-Generational Living: Consider opportunities to welcome younger adults.the children of current resi dents, and to allow for longtime residents to age in place. 5. Parks: Imagine creative solutions to add and access a range of passive and recreational green spaces. 6. Street Enhancement: Transform Village streets to better manage storm water in coordination with under ground utilities & above ground infrastructure. 7. Potential Expanded Public School Location: Redesign/enlarge existing school to enable resiliency objectives and accommodate more green space. 8. Baywalk / Bay park: Provide public bay access through implementation of the Crandon Park master plan baywalk and/or a bayside park. OUR KEY · OUR VISION I 2022 I December 6, 2022 Biscayne Bay C) Straits of Florida 32 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN The following projects and strategies will improve the VKB physical environ ment and quality of life through the art of placemaking and physical design. These visionary aspirations were generated in response to Village resident input. These ideas imagine a new entrance experience, a refreshed and resilient Village Center with ample commercial spaces and parking facilities, opportunities to address demographic needs, more connectivity, more land scaping, as well as additional recreational and civic amenities. UPGRADE THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF RESIDENTS & FUTURE GENERATIONS BY IMPROVING THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT G) C REATE A GATEWAY G) ESTABLI SH A RESILI ENT CO M M UNITY HUB (j) ENABLE MULTI-GENERATIONA L LIVING {]:) R EINFORC E VILLAGE-W IDE MO BILITY G) ENH ANCE TH E VILLAGE GREEN & CIVIC NETW ORK S PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 35 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN C R E AT E A G AT E WAY E sta b lish a n en tran c e in to the Village with Crandon Boulevard trans itio n in g from a fast-m oving parkway into a main street • Alleviate Traffic Congestion & Optimize Flow • Reinforce The Sense of Arrival • Design Options for Entry Block Exam p le: Welcom e to Coral G ables, Florida Peanut Intersection, 27th Ave and Tigertail, Miami, Florida Oval Intersection , C oral G ables, Florida PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 36 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN C R E AT E A G AT E WAY EXISTING CONDITIONS A fre q uently cite d re quest from V illage resi de nts on the S pe akU pK eyB iscayne platfo rm w a s the cre ation of a proper gatew ay experi enc e at the nort h end of the com m unity. Traffic fr o m the m ain lan d and C rando n Park is not w e ll m an aged an d that there is an absence of a civ ic e ntra n ce. T he re a re opp o rtunities to add ress these pro ble m s. C a lusa Park, existing right-of w a y,th e vaca n t entry parcel, and the path be tw e e n St. A gnes and H arbor Plaza m ay all be used in prop osed solutions. C alu sa P ark, just off of R ickenbacker C ircle, tu cke d in to the m an gro ves and native ham m o c k at the south e nd of C randon Park, and w rap ping a round an FP L substation, con sis ts of a historic playhouse structure, four te n n is cou rts, and a very popular picnic shel te r a n d re stro om pavilion that is often rented fo r ev e nts by V K B residents. 1. Calusa Park 2. Entry Block 3. St. Agnes Catholic Church 4. St. Agnes Academy 5. Chabad Key Biscayne Jewish Center 6. The Pankey Institute 7. Ocean Village Condominium 8. F.P.L. Substation 9. St. Christopher's-By-the-Sea • 0 0 HARBOR DRIVE 0 0 • 0 0 0 C) Key Biscayne Existing Conditions PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 37 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN C R E AT E A G AT E WAY C ALU SA PLAYHO USE IDEA Relocated, restored, and incorporated into a larger Civic Amenity, the Calusa Playhouse front facade is re-envisioned as part of an open-air courtyard performance venue with an outdoor stage. Phase 1 of the project could involve restoring the playhouse and adding a pergola with corner pavilions. Phase 2 would involve adding a community space, completing a courtyard for outdoor events. Historic Calusa Playhouse Renovation & New Courtyard Complex (Phase 2) 1. Calusa Park 2. Pavilion 3. Parking 4. Historic Calusa Playhouse Renovation 5. Future Courtyard 6. Future Community Space 7. New Path connecting Rickenbacker Circle & Harbor Dr. 8. FPL Substation PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 38 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN C R E AT E A G AT E WAY C ALU SA PLAYHOUSE IDEA By repositioning and reconfiguring the space around the historic playhouse, a beloved landmark can come to life again as an event space. The playhouse is the second oldest structure on Key Biscayne dating back to 1917 and served as a A community theater venue for decades. Made with Dade County pine, the cottage served as a barracks for the Mathe son family's coconut plantation. In the 1950s, it became home to the Key Biscayne Music and Drama Club. Performances continued into the 1990s when it would host three to four shows a year. In 1992, however, the structure was vandalized and today it is in a state of great disrepair with only the front entrance remaining intact. The Key Biscayne Historical and Heritage Soci ety, among other groups, have suggested lhal il be restored. A H istoric Calusa Playhouse Renovation & New Courtyard Complex < Calusa Playhouse Com plex design by Architect John Albert Weller for the Key Biscayne Music and Drama Club in 1996. PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 39 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN C R E AT E A G AT E WAY ADDITIONAL ROADWAYS, PATHS & POTENTIAL BAYSIDE BOARDWALK Matheson Hammock nature trail on an elevated berm. Calusa Park's existing tennis courts, picnic pavilion, and parking lot would be enhanced and complemented by the new playhouse complex. Connecting this revitalized amen ity to its green space context are a series of pedestrian paths that lead to a bayside viewing area with access to the water and sunset views. Calusa Trail and new path /road to Harbor Drive Fossil reef view in Crandon Park PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 40 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN C R E AT E A G AT E WAY EN T R Y B LO CK W IT H OVAL PLAZA Create a roundabout at the Village entrance which may allow free flow of traffic while slow ing vehicle speeds. A gateway could mark the entrance of the Village and reshape Cran don Boulevard as the Village main street. Rebuilt adjacent properties could frame the Village Gateway. Each of the Gateway options is accompa nied by a new oval roundabout that helps optim ize traffic flow from Harbor Drive and Ocean Lane Drive as both merge with Cran don Blvd. It is critical that this oval and the roadway around receive a special paving so that it is perceived differently from the cause way with its highway detailing and striping. Another idea to alleviate traffic congestion is a vehicular roadway connecting Ricken backer Circle to the existing Harbor Drive traffic circle. The slightly reshaped circle is squared off to accommodate this new con nection. 1. Oval Roundabout 2. Entry Block 3. Rectangle Roundabout 4. New St. Agnes Building 5. St. Agnes Catholic Church 6. Chabad Key Biscayne Jewish Center 7. St. Christopher's-By-the-Sea 8. F.P.L. Substation 9. Calusa Park 0 0 C) Key Biscayne Gateway - Traffic Calming Ideas with Phase 1 Calusa Park Improvements PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 41 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN C R E AT E A G AT E WAY E N T R Y BLO C K W IT H O VA L P LA Z A Key Biscayne Gateway - Entry Oval Detail The roundabout can function as an oval plaza and the Vil lage entrance, a new environment with slower speed move ment and the place where pedestrians, cyclists and motor ists arrive and share equally in the Village's public realm. Visual and physical cues must communicate unequivocally that pedestrians and other modes of travel share the road. Key Biscayne Gateway - Entry Oval Detail The center of the oval is an opportunity for a civic mon ument celebrating Village history. A traffic light to com plement the oval may be necessary to assist pedestrian movement. Diagonal pathway patterns traversing Crandon Blvd. are drawn to enable shorter crossing times. While the circle can lower traffic speeds, it can increase traffic flow with fewer stops and conflicts. FOOT Complete Streets & Context-Sensitive design standards* stipulate that pedestrians must be factored into the design of com munity-oriented streets and recognize that lower speeds do not necessarily increase traffic. PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 42 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN C R E AT E A G AT E WAY E N T R Y BLO C K W IT H O VA L P L A Z A - OPTIO N 1 Several Entry Block options were drawn during the workshop, each with the goal of creating a proper welcoming transition expe rience from the causeway through the lushly landscaped Crandon Park to the Village feel of Crandon Blvd. The vacant parcels at 12 -26 Crandon Blvd. offer possibilities to support the Gateway experience. Illustrated on the following pages are three ideas. O PTIO N 1 - The first idea envisions a multi level mixed-use building complex lining Cran don Boulevard with a broad plaza-like side walk and keeping the rear surface parking lot screened from view. 1. Mixed-use Building Complex 2. Plaza 3. Surface Parking 4. F.P.L. Substation 5. St. Agnes New Building 6. Chabad Key Biscayne Jewish Center 7. St. Christopher's-By-the-Sea 8. Oval (round) About 9. Calusa Park 10. Pedestrian Boardwalk D 0 11. Vehicular Connection Key Biscayne - Option 1 - Multilevel, Mixed-use Buildings and screened Surface Parking PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 43 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN C R E AT E A G AT E WAY ENTRY BLOCK WITH OVAL PLAZA- OPTION 2 ,..__ .... D D 0 -------'---'-----------~ C) OPTION 2 - The second idea is an iteration of the elevated village concept illustrated in this section. Option 1 's multi-level complex remains, but it is attached to a large park ing structure that is topped with an open-air pedestrian promenade with passages and green spaces framed by additional mid-block buildings. Key Biscayne - Option 2 - Elevated Village 1. Mixed-use Building Complex Attached to Parking Struc- ture 2. Plaza 3. Open-air Pedestrian Promenade with Green Spaces 4. F.P.L. Substation 5. St. Agnes New Building 6. Chabad Key Biscayne Jewish Center 7. St. Christopher's-By-the-Sea 8. Oval (round) About 9. Calusa Park 10. Pedestrian Boardwalk 11. Vehicular Connection PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 44 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN C R E AT E A G AT E WAY E N T R Y BLO C K W ITH O VA L P LA ZA - OPTIO N 3 O P T IO N 3 - A third idea illustrates an alter nate vision where the gateway parcels largely become much-needed park space with play ing fields and recreational facilities. At the corner of Harbor Dr. smaller commercial/ retail structures front the entry Oval Entry Plaza. 1. Park Space with Playing Fields & Recreational Facilities 2. Small Commercial I Retail Structures 3. Plaza 4. F.P.L. Substation 5. St. Agnes New Building 6. Chabad Key Biscayne Jewish Center 7. St. Christopher's-By-the-Sea 8. Oval (round) About 9. Calusa Park 10. Pedestrian Boardwalk 11. Vehicular Connection ! 5 .........! C) Key B iscayne - Option 3 - New Park and Playing Fields PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 45 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN ~ E S TA B L IS H A R E S IL IE N T C O M M UN ITY H UB Re-imagine the commercial strip as a more cohesive, vibrant, and resilient civic core . Integrate Stormwater Infrastructure • Add Pedestrian Connectivity In All Directions • Improve Traffic & Parking Management • Augment Open & Civic Space Opportunities • Enrich Crandon & Fernwood Quality of Experience • Provide Sustainability Infrastructure Opportunities Grassmarket & Victoria Street Edinburgh, Scotland Piazza di Spagna, Rome Italy Pensacola Commercial Street PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 46 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN ESTA BLISH A RESILIEN T COM M UNITY HUB CRANDON BOULEVARD EXISTING CONDITIONS AND EXISTING ZONING E xisting S hopp ing C en ters Built 1980's to 1991 to the previous M iam i-D ade County zoning ordinance. EXISTING SHOPPING CENTERS: Commercial builders prioritized automobile visibility, parking, and access above all other consideration during the late twen tieth century. Builders created multiple suburban shopping centers and isolated office buildings as a result. Developers did not consider that Village residents would want to walk to businesses. Large asphalt parking lots facing Crandon Bou- 580 Crandon 2010 levard dominate these sites. These sites present primarily blank walls and service yards to Fernwood Drive RECENT CONSTRUCTION, EXISTING ZONING, AND POTENTIAL REDEVELOPMENT: 200 and 580 Crandon Boulevard are examples of construc tion designed to more recent zoning ordinances. These 200 Crando n , K e y C olony P laza, 200 7 buildings are taller, have more square foot age, and are closer to the street than previous construction. The zoning ordinance was updated in 2010 by the Village Council to encourage walk ability, screen parking, and discourage many negative aspects of the previous zoning ordi nance. 580 Crandon reflects the most recent ordinance changes. Under the zoning code as of 2022, any redevelopm ent or new development in Key Biscayne will be constructed sim ilar to these buildings. Current zoning allows new con struction to be built with increased height and square footage com pared to most existing buildings. Current zoning also requires build ings be constructed closer to adjacent streets. While buildings built under the existing code create a more pedestrian friendly environment, additional code changes should be made to create more resilient buildings which create a higher-quality public realm at a scale compat ible with the existing Village and streets. Source: Chapter 30, Article V , S ec. 30 -10 1 - C om m ercial D istricts. Code of Key Biscayne, FL. C od e A llows: Floor A rea R atio (FA R): .20 - .50 with bonuses allowing sq ua re footag e up to the 35% lot coverag e limit at 3 stories and 35 ft. of h eight abo ve base flood elevation. PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 47 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E S TA B L IS H A R E S IL IE N T C O M M U N IT Y H U B E X IS T IN G C O N D IT IO N S : B U ILT A N D A L LO W E D Z O N IN G Existing Built Conditions - Galleria, The Square, 240 Crandon, Key Colony Plaza, looking toward the entry block. Existing Zoning Conditions - Current regulations allow 2x to 3x more square footage than what is cur rently built. Building design standards are similar to 580 Crandon with 0' side setbacks allowed. PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 48 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E S TA B L IS H A R E S IL IE N T C O M M U N IT Y H U B CR EATING A VILLA G E CENTE R SpeakUpKeyBiscayne survey responders and workshop attendees were clear in expressing their frustrations over their existing suburban shopping center district: • outdated and mismatched storefronts, • narrow sidewalks and limited space for outdoor dining; • unsightly views of too many parked cars; and • the lack of connections from one shopping center to the next. Merchants, in turn, complained to the Chamber of Com merce about the lack of visibility and identity for their stores, concluding that the only solution was to ask for larger signs. While the Village can encourage pri vate properties to make improvements through policy changes, private entities control these commercial prop erties. The role of this section of the Vision Plan is to protect and enhance the values, needs, and charac teristics of Key Biscayne within the commercial private properties. Incremental change will result in a more coherent accessible and attractive Village center that will support local businesses. This concept is flexible and can be applied to individual properties individually and need not increase square footage or residential density. The Village has already revised the zoning code to create more resilient homes. Revising the code for the commercial district will create a cohesive, vibrant, resilient community hub. • Increase area for pedestrians along Crandon Blvd • Increase setbacks for upper levels to maintain the scale and feel of the Village. • Create an elevated pedestrian promenade with connections between properties. • Reduce vehicular traffic by improving pedestrian circulation • Reduce traffic by having vehicular connections between properties • Generate new commercial and outdoor dining opportunities along the double-loaded promenade. • Improve Fernwood Road by placing units on the east side which match the scale of the houses on the west side. • Contain all parking, storage, and loading areas below the promenade in the center of the block. • Include playing fields, public pools, well planted plazas, and open spaces over parking. • Integrate flood mitigation, heat-island mitigation, and sustainable energy elements into rooftops and basements. Portions of buildings will need to be elevated to accom modate floodwaters and the many goals listed above. Initial sketches showed that all items fit within the 400' deep blocks between Crandon and Fernwood. Preliminary Ideas PLACE & DESIG N I December 6, 2022 49 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E S TA B L IS H A R E S IL IE N T C O M M U N IT Y H U B E X IS T IN G C O N D IT IO N S : M U LT I - LEV EL SH O P P IN G The concept of an elevated village is not new to the Key. Both the Winn Dixie shopping center at 606-614 Crandon and Key Colony Plaza at 200 Crandon Blvd illustrate the via bility of locating commercial uses, pedestrian courts, and retail passages above ground level parking. Key Biscayne Winn Dixie - Existing Conditions PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 50 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E STA BLISH A RESILIEN T COMM UNITY HUB E A R LY C O N C E P T S T U D Y IN S E C T IO N < Fernwood Drive Key Biscayne Re-imagined Commercial Core - Section Crandon Drive Duplex-style building Mid-block with commercial space over parking and other utilitiy spaces. Pedestrian promenade. Crandon frontage with canopies and ground level retail. Retain Crandon shade trees. T h is e arly study sh ow s the intended m edium -scale of an e lev a ted v illage w ith bu ilding types that bridge the transi tio n from talle r con do structures to the east to single-fam ily ho u sin g o n the w est. A hilltop-like village of shops aro und ped estrian cou rts an d pa ssages features stairw ays to/from a parkin g pod iu m below . • Buildings facing Fern wood will be sized and spaced out to m atch the character of the duplex residential buildings on the w est side of Fern wood. • A n alley providing circulation would separate new Fern wood buildings from the m id-block structures. • M id-block structures will contain the bulk of the square footage set far back from Fern wood and Crandon. At ground level, parking, loading, storage, and unattractive services will be screened from view and may be located in the floodplain. A second level of parking may also fit below the pro m enade level. The promenade level will be the main pedestrian zone with shopfronts on both sides and connections between properties. An additional level above shops may contain retail or office space . • The Crandon frontage should have shops in the floodplain with proper flood-proofing. Shops will create an active and attractive street edge. Canopies will create shaded pathways and outdoor dining spaces. Upper levels should be setback to maintain the feel of the Village. PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 51 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E S TA B L IS H A R E S IL IE N T C O M M U N IT Y H U B CASE STUDY: MIXED-USE, RAISED STREETS & STORM WATER STORAGE CONCEPTS ! ·" Yard Tuck-under Amenity Deck Extra Parking I 2-1/2 Story Retail 3- 4 Story Gallery Townhouse Ramp Commercial Promenade Commercial 20 ft 45 ft 30 ft 60 ft 60 ft 60 ft 30 ft 20 ft 55 ft 20 ft , I.I , , , , i i i i i , , , , , , I ' - 3-Bay Parking Deck - ~ Alley ,_.. • • •• _.i ., Key Biscayne Village Center Section Detail Alley Service Proposed Storm Water Storage Chambers Upper Level Promenade Stormwater storage tanks. Permeable Paving used at PAMM Parking, Museum Park, Miami Managing the difference between street elevations and building floor elevations has become a major storm water management concern in recent years. On Key Biscayne, it is recom m ended that some retail and comm ercial uses remain at grade level for ease of access from existing sidewalks, but this shall require flood-proofing technology. The majority of the retail and civic spaces should be located on the upper promenade level above the level of projected storm-surge. As studied for a prior project, storm water storage can be accommo dated underground beneath the parking structures. This method can work in concert with permeable paving for the parking areas, as was demonstrated in Miami's Museum Park at the Perez Art Museum. Another workshop diagram explains the elevated vil lage concept in greater detail. The idea begins with a proper main street frontage at grade on the west side of Crandon Blvd. A ro w of shopfronts would face the existing sidewalk protected from the elements by a continuous series of deep galleries. On the east side of Fernwood there is room to mirror the duplex structures across the way with comparably-scaled building types fo r a balanced streetscape. A mid block parking structure, potentially multi-level, would be accessed from Crandon and interconnected from property to property. Above the parking decks would be an open-air, pedestrian promenade with side passages and landscaped plazas. PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 52 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN ESTABLISH A RESILIENT COMMUNITY HUB CHARRETTE PROCESS: ELEVATED MID-BLOCK PEDESTRIAN PROMENADE The upper level offers a pedestrian environ ment of stores, offices, and civic amenities connected by paths and concourses of vary ing widths, from the sunny and broad main promenade to more narrow and shaded side passages. Wide Promenade responding parcel lines and be sized to meet the program needs of the building. An important feature would be the requirement that all adja cent parking decks and lots connect. The parking decks would conform to the car- Parking areas may also contain non-habitable uses such as storage Interconnected Parking Lots • Ground Level • Possible Upper Decks As Needed PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 53 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E S TA B L IS H A R E S IL IE N T C O M M U N IT Y H U B EXISTING VILLAGE COMMERCIAL AREA o U DD Lr O D ! 1--->---'---i The current condition in plan reveals the very intentional separation between the different shopping centers along the boulevard. It also underscores how the commercial parcels create a barrier between the Crandon Bou levard and Fernwood Road. oo 1. The Village Green 2. Galleria 3. The Square 4. Key Colony Plaza 5. St. Christopher's-By-the-Sea 6. Chabad Key Biscayne Jewish Center 7. St. Agnes New Building 8. Entry Block 9. Calusa Park G Key Biscayne Commercial Core - Existing Conditions PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 54 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN ESTABLISH A RESILIENT COMMUNITY HUB THE NEW LINEAR VILLAGE CENTER oU JrJUlY The complete- plan shows the elevated village concept with the main street galleries fronting Crandon Blvd., the smaller footprint duplex and townhouse frontage along Fernwood Rd., and the upper pedestrian promenade and passages in between with its hierarchy of green spaces. No increase in residential density. 1. The Village Green 2. Elevated Promenade 3. New Elevated Commercial Strip 4. Elevated Green Space 5. St. Christopher's-By-the-Sea 6. Chabad Key Biscayne Jewish Center 7. St. Agnes New Building 8. Entry Block 9. Oval (Round) About 10. Calusa Park 1go1w 0 D [? G Key Biscayne Re-imagined Commercial Core - Elevated Floor PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 55 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E S TA B L IS H A R E S IL IE N T C O M M U N IT Y H U B G R O U N D L E V E L A C C E S S T O PA R K IN G & S E R V IC E A L L E Y S 0 U lJ .J___J.=C c..,_,....-...L -'-----L._..J_____j ~ h-r---,~ D ! j----l---1---1 oo ~ G Key Biscayne Re-imagined Commercial Core - Lower Floor dedicated to Crandon shopfronts screening parking and internal deliveries and services. The lower-level plan diagram dem onstrates the at-grade conditions along Cra ndon and Fernwood. It also shows the high volum e of interconnected m id-block parking that is possible w ith this concept. Also illustrated is the intention to have m ultiple auto entries and pedestrian stairways, 1. The Village Green 2. Commercial / Retail 3. New Ground Floor Parking 4. Oval (Round) About 5. St. Christopher's-By-the-Sea 6. Chabad Key Biscayne Jewish Center 7. St. Agnes New Building 8. Entry Block 9. Calusa Park PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 56 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E STABLISH A RESILIEN T COM M UNITY HUB 3-D CROSS SECTION FROM CRANDON BOULEVARD TO FERNWOOD DRIVE Townhouses Alley Parking Deck G reen I Li ving R oofs E le v a te d P e d e s tria n P ro m enad e ,!i55!;, S olar power equipm ent. Proposed Storm Water Storage Chambers Garage Service Alley This section perspective illustrates the complexity and flex ibility this concept offers in vertically integrating multiple uses and programs. Most importantly, it also shows how effectively the two or three story buildings along Crandon Blvd. and Fernwood Rd. can screen the mid-block parking and service alleys from street level. This view also illustrates multiple rooftop uses. Large roofs, like those over garages, may be used as playing fields or elevated greens. Green roofs which are planted with a thin layer of soil which absorbs stormwater and cools the area may be included on higher structures. Solar collectors for either thermal or photovoltaics may also be incorporated. K e y B iscayne R e-im agined C ro ss S ection - Elevated Floor, Parking and Connection to the Street PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 57 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E S TA B L IS H A R E S IL IE N T C O M M U N IT Y H U B A M U LT I - LE V E L C O M M U N IT Y H U B Underground Storm Water & Storage Chambers - \ \ \:-.. ' \\ \ \ \ \_'\ \ \ \ \ \ ' ,,, Raised sidewalks protect against minor flooding from heavy rainfall Parking, Storage, - Loading, Service, and Emergency Access Ground level comm er cial space on Crandon will be protected from storm surge by flood barriers. Overhead canopies provide pro tection from sun and rain The new resilient community hub offers opportunities to rethink stormwater management and utility infrastructure in the com mercial core. Underground water storage in special compart ments for gray water reuse, and other installations can be built under the podium parking structure and at other ground level locations. Key Biscayne Re-imagined - Underground Storm Water & Storage Chambers This plan diagram illustrates the considerable mid-block acreage that can be dedicated to the parking of cars and golf carts, the charging of electric vehicles, and the servicing of retail and residential uses on multiple levels. Preliminary estimates indicate a single level of parking can accommo date as many as 800 cars. Key Biscayne Re-imagined - Parking PLACE & DESIGN I Decem ber 6, 2022 58 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E S TA B L IS H A R E S IL IE N T C O M M U N IT Y H U B MULTIPLE ACCESS POINTS Squares, Amenity Greens & Playing Fields 'Qlli liilliil liaiil ilii1illiilil aiillil aaliiil -aa -=:a:1 --===~..---~~~~~~~~. M u ltiple a u to a n d pedestrian entries w ill break-up the m ass of th e bu ildings and provide an efficient flow of both vehicular and ped estrian traffi c. V ehicular circulation w ill im prove w hile greatly re d u cin g the num ber of parking lot entrances on C randon Boule va rd w hich w ill re d u ce conflicts w ith pedestrians. / O ne of the main feature s of the elevated promenade level is the ro bust allee of trees and landscaped areas that provide shade and help define the various plazas and squares. The open spaces can range from intimate courtyards to even a youth soccer field. Key Biscayne Re-imagined - Buildings with Stairways showing the Connection to the Street Green Roofs Pedestrian Access Points - Vehicular Access Points J . ' Elevated Pedestrian Promenade PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 59 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E S TA B L IS H A R E S IL IE N T C O M M U N IT Y H U B S U S TA IN A B IL IT Y & G R E E N IN F R A STR U C TU R E OPP O RTUN IT IES Key Biscayne Re-imagined - Green Roofs & Solar Panels Green Roofs - Design District T h e ne w com m unity hub w ill have a variety of roo f h eights to avoid the character of a m ono lith ic com plex. Flat ro ofs should accom m odate a ra n ge of uses, fr om terrace restaurants and g re e n g ardens to sola r panels, and other infr a stru ctu re eq uipm e nt. PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 60 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E S TA B LIS H A R E S IL IE N T C OM M U N ITY H UB P R O G R A M M IN G A M U LT I - LE V E L C O M M U N IT Y H U B PROMENADE & PASSAGE LEVEL: • Plazas & Squares • Shops • Restaurants & Cafes • Office I Shared Workspaces • Theater I Auditorium / Gymnasium • Educational Programs (Early Childhood) • Young Adult Spaces • Schools ~z PARKING DECK COVERS & BUILDING ROOFS: • Play fields • Social Amenities • Playgrounds • Green Roofs/ Solar PARKING STRUCTURES: • Car Parking • Golf Cart Parking • EV Charging Stations • Storage Units • Commercial I Service Alleys • Storm Water • Storage Chambers / Cisterns ----- I -- --- ----~------- ---- ' t ••• M! ~-,- ___ :I,~ • .!. .! ·-, Key Biscayne Re-imagined - Creating a Community Hub PLACE & DESIG N I Decem ber 6, 2022 61 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E S TA B L IS H A R E S IL IE N T C O M M U N IT Y H U B BO U LEVA RD GALLER IES Continuous galleries along retail streets are a Florida tradition from Key West to Pensac ola. Tall galleries along the Crandon Blvd. will provide shade, protection from rain, and catch breezes. Galleries will maximize the impact of the one-sided Main Street, protect shoppers and provide retail and dining oppor tunities. This will enhance the pedestrian experience, increase foot traffic and benefit commercial tenants Omaha, NE Precedents - Pedestrian Passages PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 62 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E S TA B L IS H A R E S IL IE N T C O M M U N IT Y H U B P E D E S T R IA N A C C E S S T O P R O M E N A D E LE V E L -- -- Precedents - Stairways to the Grand Elevated Miami Design District Promenade Miami Design District Accessing the Promenade from the street should enhance the Elevated Village experience and invite passers-by to explore the offerings above. West Palm Beach's City Place and the Miami Design District, provide examples of urban staircases that recall those of grand European cities. The Design District takes vertical circulation into the realm of stand-alone art. The Palm Court's access to the parking below is a sculptural circular stairway with an iconic dome based on a Buckminster Fuller design. The escalator and elevator access at Paradise Plaza is housed in a dramatic polychromatic pavilion. The latter is a reminder that ADA access can be delivered with artful and well-integrated architecture. PLACE & DESIGN I Decem ber 6, 2022 63 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E S TA B L IS H A R E S IL IE N T C O M M U N IT Y H U B GATHER IN G & RECREATIONAL SPACES Aside from extra parking, storage, and storm surge resilience, the most important reason to consider an elevated village is to augment the Key's inventory of open space. The promenade, passages, greens and squares, as well as the playing field potential offered by this concept doubles the sociability and vitality that is so visible around the Village Green and extends that energy into the commercial core. Precedents - Plazas PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 64 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E S TA B L IS H A R E S IL IE N T C O M M U N IT Y H U B P E D E S T R IA N P R O M E N A D E & PA S S A G E S The Elevated Village's promenade level offers a variety of urban experiences for community interactions and gatherings. Some areas will be focused on retail and dining, while other spaces can be dedicated to entertainm ent and recreation. From large squares to more intimate courts, the promenade will reward pedestrians as they stroll comfo rtably thanks to shaded gal leries and awnings, landscaping, and plen tif ul seating. This example will better support businesses. The sam e features that make the prom e nade and galleries appealing to shoppers will provide opportunities for increased rev enue for businesses. Businesses will be better protected from natural disasters while having sim plified and consolidated loading and parking. -- - . - --- Key Biscayne Re-imagined Commercial Core - Proposed Promenade PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 65 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN ESTA BLISH A RE SILIENT C O M M U N ITY HU B CRANDO N BOULEVARD STRIP TODAY Key Biscayne Commercial Core - Existing conditions separate the east and west sides of the Key Biscayne Community. PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 66 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E STA BLISH A RESILIEN T COM M UNITY HUB CRANDON BOULEVARD STRIP TOMORROW The Key Biscayne Commercial Core with Proposed Green Spaces and Elevated Pedestrian Promenade (In yellow) Attached to an elevated village, the Crandon Boulevard of tomor- row would connect, and mediate the scale transition from, the condo community in the east to the 2-story, single family com- munity in the west. PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 67 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E S TA B L IS H A R E S IL IE N T C O M M U N IT Y H U B FU T U R E U R BA N FA B R IC & P U B LIC SA F E TY Key Biscayne Re-imagined Commercial Core - Aerial View Shop fronts and entrances closer to Cran don Boulevard will improve safety with addi tional "eyes on the street" to deter crime and create activity. An elevated pedestrian mall is no different than other types of multi-level malls with regard to public safety. In this proposed iter ation of an elevated village, there is an open air alley along the west side that serves to both access the Fernwood buildings as well as the provide for fire access to the com mercial side. W ithin the parking garage, a north-south driving lane would be designed to the width and height to accommodate the trucks serving the retail and restaurant load ing bays, as well as any emergency vehicles. Interconnected and integrated fire detection systems, as well as police and fire alarms supplemented by closed-circuit security sys tems and any necessary fire hydrant and sprinkler apparatus would be provided. EMT service at the elevated level could be pro vided via golf cart stretcher systems similar to in airports, stadiums, and urban malls. PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 68 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN PLACE & DESIGN I Decem ber 6, 2022 69 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E N A B L E M U LT I-G E N E R AT IO N A L LIV IN G Consider opportunities to welcome younger adults and aging in place • Ensure a Variety of Housing Options • Create Space for Multi-Generational Interaction S an S ebas tian A p art m en ts, C oral G ab les, F L M ulti-G enerational Com m unity Legacy Tow n Center Building with an Interior Courtyard PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 70 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E N A B L E M U LT I-G E N E R AT IO N A L L IV IN G SENIOR HOUSING Create senior housing in a complex with active shopfronts lining sidewalks. This illustration shows the L'Esplanade Mall property built as senior housing. Though senior housing does not need to be limited to this site. Senior housing will: • Enable residents of the Village to remain in the Village. • Create a building that better connects with its context via a more animated street front age with windows. porches, and awnings. • Offer opportunities for outdoor dining both at the sidewalk and upper levels . • Activate sidewalks to im prove the pedes trian experience L'Esplanade - Proposed PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 71 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E N A B L E M U LT I-G E N E R AT IO N A L L IV IN G Location Map L'Esplanade Mall - Preliminary Ideas Residents identified L' Esplanade Mall as being outdated with poor street presence for the store tenants. The well-located site is shown an example of senior housing. This housing could be located elsewhere in the Village. The plan sketch suggests a sociable court yard building above a parking podium with a corner store, outdoor cafe, and a porte cochere drop-off at the triangular end of the site. Currently on the Key, the care of the elderly is handled largely in private homes. As older residents age and seek to retain some mea sure of independence as they require varying degrees of assistance with medication and household management, having an assisted living community on the Key would be a wel come asset. 1. Courtyard 2. Multi-Generational Living 3. Public Space 4. Loggia 5. Ground Floor Retail L'Esplanade Mall - Idea PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 72 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN EN ABLE M U LTI-G ENER ATIO N A L LIV ING LESPLANADE EXAMPLE At the sidewalk-level a complex could retain its retail use. The upper floors could consist of senior assisted living quarters and/or apartments for young professionals who might have grown up on the Key and have family ties to the community. 1. Courtyard 2. Multi-Generational Living 3. Public Space 4. Loggia 5. Ground Floor Retail PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 73 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN G) REINFORCE VILLAGE-WIDE MOBILITY Support a broad, multi-modal range of movement throughout the Village • Encourage a Decrease in Car Dependence • Enable and Promote Awareness for a Variety Within the Key. of Green Vehicle Options . . Enhance Pedestrian Comfort Along Thorough- • Provide the Infrastructure to Park and Charge fares. Electric Modes of Transport. Precedent - Freebee on-demand service. Precedent - Key Biscayne Bus Stop Precedent - Cycling as transportation PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 74 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN REINFO RCE V ILLA GE -W ID E M O B ILITY CURRENT CONNECTIVITY & BEACH ACCESS The Village of Key Biscayne has a robust net work of streets. Residents have a number of pedestrian access points to the ocean. Between existing buildings or via new trails through adjacent park space, future access points can be added. Parks & Open Space - Local Streets - Crandon Blvd Service Roads & Paths PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 75 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN R E I N F O R C E V IL L A G E -W ID E M O B IL IT Y T R A N S P O R TAT IO N D IA G R A M The Village offers the on-demand Freebee ser vice that can be requested using a mobile appli cation. The service includes transportation to Crandon Beach Park, by Calusa circle, as well as within Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park. The Village also offers On-Island Transporta tion for Seniors (60 years of age or older). Local Metro Bus service is seven days a week. Buses travel from Brickell Metro rail / Metro mover station to Key Biscayne along the Cause way. Most buses travel along Crandon Bou levard, with some trips serving Harbor Drive. Additionally, several private bus and shuttle operators provide service to private and paro chial schools in Miami and suburbs. 1. Future Elevated Promenade - 2. Metro Bus Routes - 3. Potential Trolley Routes - Mast Academy - 4. Freebee Routes - 5. Off-Site Employee Parking ! ! ! ! PLACE & DESIG N I Decem ber 6, 2022 76 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN R E IN F O R C E V IL L A G E -W ID E M O B IL IT Y C U R R E N T PA R K IN G IN V E N T O R Y PARKING LOT CAPACITIES This preliminary parking analysis by the Village Staff begins to identify the locations of public car and cart parking. The map depicts the gen eral lack of on-street car and cart parking in the condominium neighborhoods to the east of Crandon Boulevard, and indicates other areas of the Village that are under served. • Public Cars: 341 • Public Golf Carts: 52 • Commercial Cars: 1,376 • Commercial Golf Carts: 20 • Church Cars: 248 • Church Golf Carts: 3 ecars • Golf Carts •Parallel Parking !Mli+i® tilii:J.i 111110-1 fitlliiti lfl=lit¼i;J.t ll•Jlii;J.t llliii;J.t PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 77 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN R E I N F O R C E V IL L A G E -W ID E M O B IL IT Y SIDEWALK CALMING CONCEPT W ith the rise in usage of m icro-m o bility vehicles like bicycl es and scooters the issue of pedestrian safety is a m ajor concern. T he use of alternative m odes of tra nsport w ithin the V illage to m inim ize the use of full size d vehicles should be w elcom e . How ever, keeping the sidew alks free and cl ear for pedestrians and resi dents w ith baby strollers w ill require both regulatory and desig n solutions. Tw o design ideas are being pro posed o n this page. • D iverting the sidew alk w ith landscaping: T he exam ple illustrated here fr om W est Enid D rive near the e lem entary school show s how the placem ent of a single tree can m om entarily reroute the sidew alk into the sw ale and provide an effective calm ing feature. • B ollards and sidew alk surfa ce treatm ents: Placing bo llards and altering the surface paving w ith textured m a terials are tw o other deterrents that discourage sco oters and bicycl es fr om using sidew alks. PLACE & DESIG N I December 6, 2022 78 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN P L A C E & D E S IG N I December 6, 2022 79 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN ~ E N H A N C E T H E G R E E N & CIVIC NETWORKS Provide a range of passive and active recreational green spaces • Complete the Existing Green Network and Loop by phased additions and adding individual properties. • Create Parks & Open Space Plan • Provide More Recreational Spaces Ocean Path Paradise Park Project Key Biscayne Beach Park PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 80 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN ENHANCE THE GREEN & CIVIC NETWORKS VILLAGE GREEN The Key Biscayne Village Green is one of the liveliest and most well-used recreational spaces in South Florida. Hosting a variety of morning events and after school activities, it is the heart of a place with an enviable spirit of community, not to mention a prime inspiration for its residents to get out and walk. The Village clearly needs more shared spaces like it. Residents continuously use both the com munity center and pool. The Village has already created a concept plan for expan sion of the community center, including an Olympic-sized pool. PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 81 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E N H A N C E T H E G R E E N & C IV IC N E T W O R K S PA R K S & R ECREATION Biscayne '. Bay C) Straits of Florida I ------ ....... , , , , , I I I ' I I \ \ \ \ I I , , , , , ' BILL BAGGS CAPE FLORIDA STATE PARK Residents feel access to neighborhood recre ational opportunities within walking distance from their homes can be improved. 45% of respondents were very supportive and 21% were somewhat supportive of the Village purchasing more land for parks per the 2021 Community Survey conducted by the ETC Institute. 1 - 12. Parks 13. Community Center 14. Key Biscayne Presbyterian School 15. St. Agnes Academy 16. St. Christopher's By The Sea Episcopal 17. Key Biscayne Community Day School 18. Key Biscayne K-8 Center PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 82 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN ENHA NCE THE GREEN & CIVIC NETW ORKS PARKS IN VE NTORY NORMS Size Year of Paealve Ueea ActlveU- Rfftroom Facilities Parking Plans, Ongoing Projects, Potential U-'Facllltiea, completl • U st uses a nd am e n iti es , incl ud ing q ua ntities • U st uses end facilltles , inc lud ing q uan tit ies • Are facilities ad eq uate? • Pro vid ed by Parks Dep t? By C ity? OtherComm- on or an d d im en sio n s. and d im en sion s. • Are ad d itio nal facllltles desired or • In a lo t? O n-street ? • Pro vi de plans and dra w ings, even If Inco m plete or not moat • S pec ify the Jo int-use agree m ents wit h local need ed ? • A deq uate? H o w m any spa ces pro vided (car, final . recent sc hoo ls. • Sho w ers ? cart, bike)? Needed? reno • Is park ing co ntro lled o r m etered ? Par1<s In VIiiage of Key Biscayne 1 Calusa Par1< ? ? Yes P a vili o n w ith p icn ic ta b les Yes 4 multi-use tennis courts that contain Yes Lot w ith 30 sp aces C alusa Playhouse restoration and reuse. G rant proposal 6 pickle ball co urt s and 1 basketb a ll rejected in 2020. co u rt , p layg ro und ? 2 Dog Par1< 1/3 acre 20 16 Yes N o N o (clo se to V illag e G ree n facilities) See Villag e G reen Park N o, recently com p leted in 2016 3 VIiiage Green Perl< 9.5 iicre ? Yes W a lkin g p a th s, b e n ch e s, pavilio n, Yes 1 full-sized S occer Fie ld Yes Free on-street parking. Back-in angle parking A skate park is a possibility co m m u n ity b a n d stan d ? 1 sm a ll m ulti-p urp o se field ad d ed 38 sp aces in 202 1. Tota l golf cart 34, P layg ro und , sp lash foun tain?, jog ging car 91. cours e ? B o cce co urt ? 4 Paradise Par1< ? S ta rt s Yes B e n ch e s, histo ry w a lk , art in pub lic places Yes Event space N o (clo se to C o m m un ity C enter C ivic center o n-stree t parkin g Plans und er w ay. G ro und breaking cerem ony 2/18 /2022. 20 2 2 facilities) 5 Hampton Par1< 0 .3 a cre ? Yes W a lkin g p ath , b e n ch e s, ,aavilioo p erg ola Yes Bocce court N o N o N o 6 Butterfly Corridor ? ? Yes W a lkin g p a th , veg e ta tion to att ract native N o N o NO b u tt erflies 7 Library Par!< ? ? Yes W a lkin g p a th , b e n ch e s N o N o (clo se to Li b rary facilitie s) Yes, Jerem y sho uld have # C urrent Li brary rebuild pro posal does not include a reconfiguration of this park 6 Lake Perl< 1 acre ? Yes P a vilio n , b e n ch e s, natural seating areas N o N o N o Pavilion repair under w ay aro u n d a lake 9 East Enid Linear Par1< 1l2 m ile ? Yes ? N o N o Is there on-street pa rking d ed icated for park b y_J(llt, use alo ng Ea st Enid ? Tota l ? 10 Beach Par1< ? ? Yes P avilio n , fu rn itu re , b e n ches, beach Yes S p lash pad Yes, in clud es sho w er Pub lic lo ts alo ng O cean D rive , total __ ? Plans under w ay to increase and optim ize active uses. acce ss, w alk-thro u g h sp lash foun tain ? C ouncil has already rejected a skate park at this location. 11 Harbor Par!< ? ? Yes B e n ch e s N o T B D N o Additio nal plans and lo ng-term developm ent is pending rmmmmity input Regional Par1<s In Key Biscayne 12 BIii Baggs Cape Florida State Perl< ? ? Yes B ea ch e s, w a lkin g an d b iking trails, pic nic - Volleyb all co urt s? Yes, sho w ers Yes N o ne ta b le s, re sta u ra n ts a nd ba r, bicycle and Yes ka ya k ren ta ls. histo ric lig htho use , fishing p ie r 13 Crandon Par1< (Miami-Dade County) 80 8 acre s ? Yes B e a ch e s, w a lkin g an d biking tra ils, picnic Yes Tennis center, go lf co urse (P laying Yes Yes N one currently, but several different plans pro posed over ta b le s, resta u ra nts, b icycle rentals, field s w ere rem o ved in 2010.) the years. VK B has proposed new playing field s at tennis m a rin a , b o at la u n c h , nature center center, new bike path, and new m angrove nature w alk. Indoor Facilities In VIiiage of Key Biscayne 14 Community Center (VKB} ? ? N o La rg e sp a ce s fo r rea d ing , co ff ee , card Yes S w im m ing poo l, Yes, sh o w ers ? Yes, 89 parking garage , 20 surf ace parking Yes, Phase II expansion w as tabled due to C ovid . g a m e s, co n ce ssio n area gym nasium (m ulti-use), w eigh t ro o m , m eeti ng ro o m s, cl assro o m s, art stud io , gam e ro o m , ind o o r playg ro un d Partnerships with local schools 15 Key Biscayne Presbyterian School ? ? N o B a yf ro n t p a rk D o es th is exist or is it a Yes P layg ro un d Yes Yes, there is a surp lus Yes, a 2010 proposal to im p rove parking and playing p ro p o sa l? If existin g , d o VK B re sid en ts fields. Status - rejected by church ? ha ve acce ss? 16 St. Agnes Academy ? ? N o Yes Li t field N o Yes, and m unicip al park o n H arbor D rive. School is currently constructing an indoor gym nasium . Wha t m u nicip al p ark is on H arbor D rive? The field need s to be changed to artificial turf . O ver program m ed on the rem aining space and in very poor conditio n as a result. 17 St. Christopher's-by-the-Sea Episcopal ? ? N o N o U ses V illage G ree n Pa rk N o 18 Key Biscayne Community Day School ? ? N o Yes H a s field space adjacent to the ir M u nicip al on -street parking parking lot. 19 Key Biscayne K-8 Center ? ? N o Yes B aseb all/m ulti-p urp o se field and Vill age pays fo r aft er-ho urs access M u nicip al o n-street parkin g covered pavilio n to the bathro o m s 20 MAST Academy ? ? N o Yes La rg e lit art ificia l turf field , bathro o m s, Yes Yes 2023 G IP-replace the artificial turf co ve red pavili o n and stor ag e un it This chart was created for the Vision Plan to catalogue the parks and recreational facilities on the Key, docum enting the sig nificant m etrics and characteristics. Having a comprehensive list of park data and other details gathered in one table shall aid in the management of existing assets and in determining future needs. The items marked in yellow represent unknown or incomplete info rmation for the Village to tabulate and/or confirm. As defined by the Smart Growth Manual (McGraw-Hill Education, 2009) the princi pal forms of community open spaces should respect certain metrics, design recommenda tions, and resident expectations with regard to access to them. They are summarized as follows as they relate to the Village and should inform any new green space that is added. Every neighborhood should include a plaza, green, or square as its social center. The Key Biscayne Village Green is a great example. Pocket parks or small playgrounds should be located so as to not require children to cross a major street to reach them. The Village has been gradually acquiring par cels and considering the restructuring of underutilized green space to provide small parks, especially along Harbor Drive. • • • Active recreational parks with ball fields should be located within access of bicycling children; and can be associated with schools and/or green corridors between neighbor hoods. Residents have identified a need for additional playing fields. Shared-use agree ments with the schools on the island and the nearby parks are in consideration. • Every dwelling should have access to a larger nature trail or continuous park system for hiking and cycling located at an easy bicycle ride. The island of Key Biscayne fea tures two major regional parks, the County's Crandon Park and Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park. PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 83 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E N H A N C E T H E G R E E N & C IV IC NE T W O R K S PA R K S & O P E N S PA C E V IS IO N P L A N 1. Village Green Park 2. Hampton Park 3. Butterfly Corridor 4. K-8 Park 5. Paradise Park 6. Lake Park ® @ __ @_o~ <&---12-.#--,--.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-- . ....,......~-14 . .. : • • 0 !,;;\21 • ••• .•v G o~ff§ • (7('.'.J : Biscayne Bay 0_0 .... ~ Straits of Florida 7. East Enid Linear Park 8. Beach Park 9. Harbor Park 10. Cape Florida Linear Park 11. Potential Elevated Parks 12. Potential Presbyterian Site Park 13. Calusa Park 14. Entry Block - Park Option 15. Botanical Garden 16. Crandon Sports Facilities Park 17. Crandon Park 18. Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park 19. Potential Bayside Access at Bridge 20. Library Park 21. Hacienda Canal Park 22. Potential Bayside Access at Pines Canal 23. Potential Bayside Access 24. Virginia Key landfill site 25. Virginia Key unimproved locations 26. Historic Virginia Key Beach park C) @ PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 84 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN ENHANCE THE GREEN & CIVIC NETW ORKS PA R K S & O P E N S PA C E V IS IO N P LA N The Village may partner with the City of Miami and other entities on Virginia Key to access additional playing fields. The roughly 120 acre landfill will be capped and covered with clean fill and will be have active recreation fields as part of the Virginia Key Master Plan adopted by the City of Miami. There is additional unim proved, un-restored land on Virginia Key which is suitable for playing fields. Historic Virginia Key Beach has active and passive recreation space and is a potential partner for Village rec reation uses. @ @ Virginia Key B iscayne B ay C) Straits of Florida PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 85 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E N H A N C E T H E G R E E N & C IV I C N E T W O R K S PA RK S & R EC REATION - N EED ED ATHLET IC FIELD S ...--------4 00'------- ,1- - - - - - - 360' - - - - - - _17 I I Ir--~ ~~I I I i l ) i, I I Ir--~ ~--1 I I I c__ __ c==:=J~==~--~I L ~ Proposed Multi-Purpose Field Create a boardwalk connection to Calusa Park through the FPL easement. Crandon Park Athletic Fields at the Tennis Center from the Crandon Park Master Plan Advisory Committee, August 31, 2018 The lack of adequate playing field space for children was identified as one of the top concerns in the County-wide "Community Leisure Interest Survey" of 2014. Proximity to recreational facilities was cited as the most important factor for residents deciding whether to enroll their children in a sport, program, or class. For the Village this is a particularly pressing issue given the lack of sufficient space to accommodate appropriately sized athletic fields. It has been estimated that the acqui sition of such acreage would cost upwards of $40M. The Village green is home to a playing field that is in con stant use. Joint use agreements with schools and churches are another possibility. Transportation between the park facilities within the entire island also requires more coor dination. Among the key currently documented Parks & Recreation needs / concerns: • Three (3) new fields to supplement the fields at the Village Center along Crandon Blvd. Ideally, the Village needs a total of six (6) fields to meet the present demand. • Agreements between the County and Village need to be more responsive to Village concerns and schedul ing. Improve access to Crandon parks via improved bike paths and Crandon Boulevard crossings. PLACE & DESIG N I December 6, 2022 86 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN ENHA NCE THE GREEN & CIVIC NETW ORKS EDUC ATIONA L A N D PA R K FA CILITIES IN THE VILLAG E T h e V illa ge fe atu re s o ne p u b lic a n d 5 p ri va te sch o o ls th at spa n pre-K -thro u g h 8th gra de s . S o m e sch o ols u se pu b lic pa rks fo r re c re a tio n sp a c e. In othe r ca se s , the V illag e u s es sch o o l facilitie s fo r pu b lic re cre a tio n . P rivate sch o ols: • S t. A g n e s A c a d e m y C a tho lic S ch o o l P re K -3 - 8th g ra d e • S t. C h ristoph e r's B y-th e -S e a E pisco pa l M o nte s s o ri S ch o o l P re -K - 5th g ra de • K e y B is c a y n e P re sb yte ria n S c h o o l P re -K - 1st g ra d e ; • K e y B isca yn e C o m m u nity C h u rch D a y S cho o l, D a yc are - P re -K M ia m i-D ad e C o u n ty P u b lic S ch o o ls: • K e y B isca yn e K -8 C e n te r kinde rg a rten th ro u gh 8th g ra de . • G ra du a te s pro ceed to: • C o ra l G a b les S e n io r H igh S cho ol • M A S T A c a d e m y . • O th e r pu blic m agnet sch o o ls th rou gho ut M ia m i-D ade C o u n ty b y a p p lica tio n. 1 - 13. Parks 14. Community Center 15. Key Biscayne School Presbyterian 16. St. Agnes Academy 17. St. Christopher's By The Sea Episcopal 18. Key Biscayne Community Day School 19. Key Biscayne K-8 Center C) CRANDON PARK ' VILLAGE GREEN PARK r ' BILL BAGGS CAPE FLORIDA STATE PARK PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 87 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E N H A N C E T H E G R E E N & C IV IC N E T W O R K S SCHOOL EXPANSION CONCEPT & ADDITION OF SPORTS FIELDS East Enid Drive looking East toward Crandon Blvd. East Enid Drive looking West toward K-8 New school facilities may involve the existing site but could expand into nearby public or private lands. Expansion would create the following benefits: • New state-of-the-art K-8 school. • Adding playing fields serving the community and school. • Adding a second gymnasium serving the community and school. • Creating an auditorium that can double as a performing Existing Campus arts center. • Providing civic center area parking. • Addition of more land to the Village's resiliency plan component that is tied into floodplain management. ELEMENT 1 EXISTING SITE: Retain Most Recent School Building (A); New Gymnasium/ Auditorium/ Early Childhood Education/ Additional School Program (B); New 2-Level Play Courts (C); Expanded Sports Field at grade (D). ! ·- Idea ELEMENT 2 NEARBY PUBLIC LAND: New Multi-level School Building with structured parking atop County Park ing Lot & Village Road (E). ELEMENT 3 NEARBY PRIVATE LAND OR "air rights": Playing fields or additional space could be incorporated into or over private properties. PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 88 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN ENHANCE THE GREEN & CIVIC NETWORKS BAYSIDE PARK IDEA The drawing illustrates a potential Bayside Park design that could take place in the future. It also demonstrates a potential project for innovative approaches to storm water man agement and educational purposes. A low-ly ing area in the park would serve as tempo rary stormwater retention. Water access for non-motorized boats would serve nearby edu cational institutions. Several residents at the workshop expressed regret about past missed opportunities for the Village to acquire properties that have come up for sale along Harbor Drive. This drawing illustrates many residents strong desire to have a bayfront park. When considering a new park, the design recommendations are as follows: Neighborhood, playqrounds and tot lots: • Should be distributed so as to be within a two-minute walk of most households. • Each is sized base on availability of land and funding for purchase. • Contain hard and soft surfaces, benches, and play equipment under ample tree cover. Parks, greens, squares, and plazas: • Holds formal tree rows at its perimeter and may have a sunny, open center • Generally much larger than a neighbor hood park to allow formal or informal play- ing fields. • Land of this size is not readily available within the Village, but could be located within the future elevated commercial spaces. • Contains paved walks for strolling and grassy areas for play. PLACE & DESIGN I December 6, 2022 89 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN Resiliency is arguably the top concern of Village residents, particularly the issues related to flooding. Failure to address it affects the insurability of properties and future economic investment in the island. The Village named a Chief Resiliency Officer in 2020. During 2022 the Village has established a special Infrastructure Integration & Implementation Program. Six Lines of Effort have been identified to help guide a multi-disciplinary approach to protect the island from storm surges and sea level rise, underground aging utilities, and improve the street network. This chapter presents best practice options, summarizes ongoing efforts, and suggests innovative approaches to further these initiatives and make the Village of Key Biscayne a more sus tainable community. THE V ILLAGE & RESILIENCY SPEAK U P K EY B IS CAY NE Hot Topics Survey: Survey Repo rt for 03 July 2021 to 28 March 2022 Hot Topics Survey : Survey Repo rt !or 03 July 2021 to 28 March 2022 Hot Topics Survey . Survey Report for 03 July 2021 lo 28 March 2022 011 Please rank the importance of the following resiliency improvements (1 being most Important, and 5 being least Important): Question options Underground lnstallalion of utllilies Strengu,an and elevate existing sea walls 025 Please rank the project Improvements you think will have the most positive Impact on property values: 8ulld now &ea W-Jlls A dd ca nals, holding ponds, and lakes I ______ .___~ - I Create lving shoret,nes 16 made of nalu1al male .. 21 ., OPTIONS Solutions to storm surge and seal level rise Improvements to traHlc and roadways Underground utilities Improved safety and security measures Upgraded educational facilities Public realm improvements Additional restaurant & retail options Commercial property red evelopments More athletic fields Greater variety of housing options Ma ndatory Q uestion (111 re sponse(s)) Qu estion type: R anki ng Ouss tion AVG. RANK 2.56 4.02 4.61 4.68 5.24 5.1.18 6.44 6.77 6.98 7.71 Q 26 W hat tim efram e do you expect to see fo r the follow ing projects in the Vision Plan?1•\ years: Short -term , m ore easily financed and lm plem ented.5-10 years: M id-term , req uiring more coordination and larger investment.10-20+ years: Long-term, more a ... Qu estion options lmprovo Traffic and RoadWays M1tigoto Slonn Surge and Sea Level Rise Upgrade Educalional Focifflios Ad d Socurlly and Safety Measures Publ10 Space Improvements 24 24 53 - - I 6-tOyooro 66 EJevate roadna,µ; 30 15 38 15 When surveyed about the issues of greatest concern and Additional restaurants ond r0t11il shops 49 impact on their lives, Key Biscayne residents consistently ranked such resiliency topics as storm water management, Elovato bui1dings 32 15 33 shoreline protection, and roadway / utility upgrades as the Greater variety or I housing ty1>es 63 35 I top priorities. 1 RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 91 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN RESPOND TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES BY INCORPORATING MITIGATION & ADAPTATION {I) PRIORITIZE AND STRATEGIZE {I) ANALYZE CURRENT TRENDS & EMBRACE BEST PRACTICES {I) REINFORCE & PROTECT THE OCEAN SHORELINE {I) STRENGTHEN & MODERNIZE THE BAYSIDE SEAWALLS ~ SECURE FLOOD PROTECTION G) TRANSFORM CIVIL INFRASTRUCTURE INTO CIVIC ART {I) EMPLOY SUSTAINABILITY STRATEGIES & TACTICS RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 92 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN PR IO R ITIES A ND STRATEGY R E S IL IE N T IN F R A ST R U C T U R E IN TE G R ATIO N & IM P LE MEN TATIO N PROG RAM Resilient Infrastructure Program 6 Lines of Effort: Shoreline Protection ~ Stormwater System Upgra_d_e~--,-,--.-~-~-~~- [1/< Utility Hardening a_n_d_R_e_s_ili_e_nc_e ;=-:::--~~'"';'!"---~-----. -,---------,._~ [V Roadway Improvements Mitigate the Impact of Environmental Change ~ Changes to Codes, Plans, Zoning and Building Standards The 6 Lines of Effort identified by the Village's Office of Resiliency provide the framework plan of Key Biscayne's Resilient Infrastructure Integration & Implementation Program. This chapter of the Vision Plan aims to sup port the first 5 initiatives with the next chapter addressing the 6th. At the heart of resiliency is managing storm water, securing the periph ery of the island from rising seas, and updat ing and fortifying the utility and thoroughfare infrastructure. It is also about mitigating the effects of climate change by helping Village residents reduce carbon emissions and alleviate heat gain. Source: Building a Stronger and More Resilient Village of Key Biscayne-Resilient Infrastructure Integration & Implementation Pro gram. The Village of Key Biscayne RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 93 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN ~ A N A LY Z E C U R R E N T T R E N D S & EMBRACE BEST PRACTICES Stay up-to-date on the latest research and guidelines and incorporate relevant policies that address environmental challenges • Identify Key Risks • Evaluate Possible Options and Responses • Adapt Solutions to Local Conditions • Expedite the Adoption of Regional Policy Changes Existing Key Biscayne Dune Shoreline Living with Water Elevated Village RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 94 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN A N A LYZ E C UR R EN T TRENDS & EM BRA CE BEST PRA CTICES AIA FLO O DING DIAG R AM This American Institute of Architects (AIA) dia gra m depicts the five forms of flooding that im pact Florida, and all five apply to Key Bis cayne. The diagram also lists the three ways to confront the effects of sea-level-rise: protect, accom modate, and retreat from rising waters. The AIA's analysis emphasizes the areas with frequent floods and notes such potential con sequences as inland migration. Five Forms of Flooding Protect - by building levees and hard structures Accommodate - such as l'alslng structures Retreat - migration away from coasts Key to Five Forms of Flooding in Florida Leglslallve Response lo Flood Risk Halling or phasing out current maladaptive policies and measures that perpetuate risky coastal development. Fostering and funding rcsillcncc by using existing policy frameworks. Creating new P,Olicies and measures that respondlo the full extent of the challenges communities face. Tidal Flooding & Sea Level Rise Seasonal High Ground Water Gulf Coast Tidal wetlands could experience shifts in spawning seasons, affecting local seafood output and economy. 1 Coastal Arca Red areas will be underwater with six feel of sea-level rise. Frequent Floods Jacksonville flood events could Increase from 10 per year to o ?.:.::;;;• over 100 per year by 20'15.4 o "''"''" Inland Migration Inland cities may face mass migration from coastal low-lying areas. Rainfall Exampleaof sources of water intrusion show that flooding Is contributed to by more than just sea water. s ressmq e socia and infrastructure capacily.5 Urban Runoff Tourism Underwater By 2060, up to liulf uf Sanibel and C:;irtlv~ Island's usable land may be flooded.2 Urban Inundation Miami will face chronic waler inundation by I hP. and of I he century.3 Sto rm S u rg e .-.~:ro ~}I ,. Source: A/A; http://www. aiafla. org/upload _ documents/FiveFormsofF/oodingPoster.pdf RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 95 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN A N A LY Z E C U R R EN T T R EN D S & EM B R A C E BES T P R ACTICES H O L IS TIC PATH WAYS O F CLIM ATE TRA N SFOR MATION Walled Elevated GOALS Economic security Disaster risk reduction •• • Social cohesion 1 I 1 (justice, culture) !'! Environment 1 1 1 (livelihoods, nature) \. ) Inform >---a! TOOLS Present ~ 8 · g=. =~-~-.J._Ll"""!!!!!!!!!~;~~~~~- "~· - ::____ g llililllilllill. Hybrid This diagram, from a study entitled, The Cli mate-Induced Relocation - Special Edition from June 18th 2021, depicts six possible solutions to confronting climate change and the deci sion-making process involved. A hypothetical present-day urban-to-rural settlement is pre sented as it confronts sea level rise. 5 climate response tools/ approaches are iden tified. The end scenario for each community is determined by which approach is chosen based on socio-economic priorities, and to what degree. The diagram illustrates how the adaptation process is one of blended tools and pathways. Strategic, managed retreat (green pathway) will have some role in each future, along with other categories of response. The extent of retreat varies across the scenarios (e.g., the removal of a few structures to create space for retention ponds and pumping in the hybrid scenario or large-scale relocations in the consolidated or floating scenario). Floating Consolidated Source: Climate-Induced Relocation - Special Section; Reframing strategic, managed retreat for transforma tive climate adaptation. RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 96 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN A N A LY Z E C U R R E N T T R E N D S & E M B R A C E B E S T P R A C T IC E S S E A LE V E L R IS E & H U R R IC A N E S This Dutch Study is a idea for Miami-Dade County that recommends a two-phased approach to minimizing the impact of sea level rise and storm surges. A disguised "sea dike" dune is created at the coastal edge to contain rising waters. Further off-shore, a man-made barrier reef is created and planted with Mangroves, sea grass, and other native species to reduce wave action and protect the shoreline. Coasta I.Retrofit 2.0 ~1 Nature Based Barrier Reef+' · The Dutch Polder Solution T~,, a two pha e coa tal protection solution for Metropolitan Miami - Dad a nan-made 'Ba ier Reef, build w ith pre-fabricated Re f-elements, trengthened with ca a don du: coa t ·id & with rock and a mour-rock on the sea ide, exren .i ly planted with Maagro tre s. B achnouri hm nt & a hidden a-Dike along the eafrom ituation t1t Metro )_olita11 M'hui\i. - Dade ocean front Source: 2021 Nautilus Coastal Solutions RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 97 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN A N A LY Z E C UR R E N T T R ENDS & EM B R A C E B EST P RA C TIC E S RESOURCES • Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact - Regional Climate Action Plan 2.0 • The Rockefeller Foundation (100RC)- 100 Resilient Cities - Resilient Greater Miami and the Beaches • Miami-Dade County, City of Miami, and City of Miami Beach - Resilient 305 PREPAR ED FOR; NORTH BAY V1LLAGE DATE: 04--10.20 PREPARED BY: DPZ CoOESlOH IN COLLABORATION wmt; IWPRGROUP COS ARCHITECTURE & PLANNING Charting the path for a more Livable, Resilient and Prosperous North Bay Village in the 21st Century Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact REGIONAL CLIMATE ACTION PLAN 2.0 --------- ~ --- -~ a, I ENVIRONMENT I Sea rise prompts Miami-Dade to consider raising heights of roads, seawalls and canals • Monroe County - Green Keys • City of Miami Beach - The North Beach Master Plan (Plan NOBE) • City of Miami Beach - Miami Beach Rising Above • Office of Resilience of Miami-Dade County - Sea Level Rise: North Bay Village • North Bay Village (NBV) 100 Report • Monitor ongoing code changes and updates to guiding documents. BY A LEX H A R R IS UPDATED MAY 16, 2022 2:12 PM RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 98 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN A N A LY Z E C U R R E N T T R E N D S & E M B R A C E B E S T P R A C T IC E S RESILIENT COMMUNITIES RESILIENT COMM UNITIES C lim a te cha ng es- incl uding changes in storm pattern s, sea tem pe rature, oce an acidification, and sea level rise - are exp ecte d to continu e , an d w ill present significant planning a n d e n gin eerin g challe nges fo r coastal areas. T he m ost severe and direct im pacts are the increased risk o f flood in g and the in creased duration of flood ev ents , esp eci ally in low -lying island com m unities, such as th e V illag e of Key B isca yne. O u r charrette visioning proce ss exam ined three appro aches to cl im a te change : • MITIGATIO N - H ow to contribute to effo rts to slow cli m a te chan ge . • ADAPTATIO N - H ow to live w ith clim ate change, e.g., fortifying th e built e nvironm ent and accom m odating in cre a se d nee d fo r w ate r and storm w ater m anagem ent. • UNCERTAINTY - H o w to respond to the unpredictability of th e pa ce of chan ge, degree of severity, and adjust m e nts to know led ge. SUSTAINABILITY AND INFRASTRUCTURE T h e bro a d range of po tential im pacts fr om clim ate ch a n ge present significant challenges for the design of in fr as tructure in coa stal areas. For the V illage of Key Bis ca yn e , thes e threa ts in clude: • M o re fr e q uent inte nse ra infall events • Incre a sin g air a nd sea w ater tem perature • Sea level rise (i.e., rise in mean sea level) • C hanging storm surge conditions due to potential wind changes and sea level rise • Potential changing w ave conditions both in terms of intensity and direction due to changing wind conditions • C hanges in precipitation, w hich will affect (increase/ decrease) runoff to the sea • Increased acidity in the water due to increased CO2 in the atm osphere An in-depth understanding of key design parameters for the civil infrastructure w ithin the Village of Key Biscayne is required fo r current and future hydrologic and climate conditions. D uring the workshop and in the m onths thereafter, the team discussed addressing planning challenges related to future hydrologic and climate conditions. The team also acknow ledged the need for coordination and integration of planned civil infrastructure upgra des (storm water, roads, seawalls) with the urban planning vision for the coming decades. The goal is to provide a vision that can accom m odate the m ost sustainable adaptive civil infra structure w ith m inim ized financial im pacts. The team studied the latest projections for the region and exam ined strategies adopted by neighboring com munities and extracted the m ost pertinent techniques. Recommendations: • Stormwater upgrades, green engineering infrastructure, and the allocation of additional water storage to reduce flooding and improve water quality discharges into the Bay • Elevation of civil infrastructure, including roads, seawalls, all of which should be integrated with planning ideas • Addressing potential environmental degradation caused by climate change • Shoreline protection and boundary exposure. • Optimizing roadway mobility and access to evacuation routes. The analysis of the Village of Key Biscayne's vulnerabilities to climate and hydrology and the pertinent recommenda tions addressing these issues are illustrated and explained on the following pages. RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 99 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN AN ALYZE CURRENT TRENDS & EMBRACE BEST PRACTICES SOUTH FLORIDA TYPICAL SECTION .. -----· I I • • • • • • • I • I Everglades J Western Low-Density Development Mainland Bayfront ·-----· • L Atlantic Ocean Barrier Island with .__ __ Coastal Dunes Village of Key Biscayne Mainland Ridge The diagram above is a transect - a site section - from the Atlantic on the right to the Everglades on the left. It places the Village of Key Biscayne in its regional context as a bar rier island located to the east of the mainland. South Florida is extremely low-lying. The average eleva tion of Miam i-Dade County is only four feet above sea level. The diagram reveals a distinctive feature of South Florida. Unlike most places in the country, the land does not rise as it gets further from the ocean. To the contrary, the coastal ridge close to the water is the highest land. From there, the ground slopes down to the Everglades. A storm surge large enough to crest the coastal ridge would not wash back into the sea but rather would continue on towards the Everglades. The Village of Key Biscayne is a barrier island, low-lying and without a coastal ridge. Dunes afford some natural protection on the ocean side. However, development has encroached into the back dunes while wave action has diminished the beach side. The dunes are in need of renourishment. The Key is vulnerable to short-term extreme events and long-term changes of natural hydrology, climate and sea level. A few of the biggest challenges in the coming years will be more intense rainfall events during the rainy season, more severe surge related inundation due to extreme tropical events such as hurricanes and rising sea levels in general. Long-term viability depends on planning and implementa tion of resilient infrastructure capable of safe-keeping the island's prosperity. RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 100 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN AN ALYZE CURRENT TRENDS & EMBRACE BEST PRACTICES CASE STUDY: RAISED SINGLE-FAMILY HOUSE - NORTH BAY VILLAGE, FL In 2021, the Village of Key Biscayne adopted its own zoning changes allowing an understory, closely modeled on Miami Beach. This is a critical step towards improving the resiliency of the residential neighborhoods. However, it perpetuates some of the shortcomings of the Miami Beach ordinance. This is especially unfortunate for VKB, which prides itself on its neighborliness. Residents are rightly concerned to preserve the friendly character of their streets as they adapt to rising sea levels. The proposed understory for North Bay Village (illustrated on this page) builds on the laudable work of Miami Beach while attempting to rec tify some of its shortcomings. In particular, it adds provisions that improve the relationship of the building to the street. • The entrance vestibule must be located along the street frontage with the door facing the street. • To avoid the appearance of a parking deck, mechanical, plumbing, & electrical services must be hidden from view by a finished ceil ing. Lighting sources must also be shielded from view. Areas visible from the street, such as open parking bays, must have fin ished surfaces such as painted stucco and wood cladding. Specified architectural elements are allowed above the Maximum Building Height, Including, but not limited to, a roof deck, trellis, waterview tower, and parapet walls. • Parking must be located in the Understory. The green space of yards is too valuable, both asthetically and for storm water absorption, to be used for parking when there is so much room in the understory. Screening cars from view also improves street frontages and walkability. • The grade of the Understory must match the future crown of road, regardless of how the rest of the lot is treated. It is worth "!e2!..~r~ .= ht~~cr~.o.f.E<?a.2.,ft:.B.O. ELEV. +7' +/. Above MSL (NGVD-29} Note: Understory not to scale. noting that, as of the time of writing, Miami-Dade County is considering a 6-foot minimum for roads, seawalls, and lots. These provisions will help ensure that residential streets remain pedestrian-friendly, which in turn preserves property values. RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 101 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN R E IN F O R C E & PROTECT THE OCEAN SHORELINE Leverage Efforts to Fortify the Oceanside Shoreline to Strengthen the Village's Connectivity and Access to the Beach • S upport the Dune Fortification Project by The US Army Corps of Engineers • Expand & Im prove A ccess Points to The Beach Existing Key Biscayne Dune Shoreline Key Biscayne Beach Enhancement Sea Level rise Article - Nautilus Coastal Solutions 2021 RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 102 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN R E I N F O R C E & P R O T E C T T H E O C E A N S H O R E L IN E R E S IL IE N C Y - D U N E R E IN FO R C E M E N TS, S TRONG ER S E AWALLS & FLOO D PROT E C T IO N After a hard-fought campaign by the Village in 2020, the U.S. Army Corps or Engineers (USAGE) agreed to include VKB as part or their larger Coastal Storm Risk Management (CSRM) program to reinforce and re-nourish the dunes along the oceanfronts of Miami-Dade County. In exchange for this commitment, Um Village is expected to improve protec tion west of Crandon from the threat of flooding from the Bay. To this end, along the Bayfront, the Village is con sidering new sea wall standards with higher minimum heights. On September 14, 2021, the US Army Corps of Engineers (USAGE) decided on a Tentatively Selected Shoreline Protection Plan (TSP) to safeguard the Village's ocean front beach and adjacent proper ties. USAGE'S TSP represents an approximate $120 million investment lo protect Key Biscayne. Through this program the Village can avoid a great expense and the freedom to allocate funding to other resiliency projects that would have been other wise needed to secure its shoreline. Source: Moffatt & Nichol - Key Biscayne Shoreline Protection Presentation RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 103 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN R E I N F O R C E & P R O T E C T T H E O C E A N S H O R E L I N E RESILIENCY - DUNE REINFORCEMENTS, STRONGER SEAWALLS & FLOOD PROTECTION \ Ca/usa Park Biscayne Bay .,., ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,,,,,,' ,, ,, ,, ,, , ,,' ,, ',,,,' , , ,, ,' Atlantic Ocean I I I , I ,, ,, The Village faces increased flood threats from all sides. In order for the USAGE efforts to be effective, the north and south borders must also be protected. The Army Corps will provide tieback walls from the oceanfront as far as Crandon Boulevard, but the Village will be responsible for everything west of Crandon. On the south side, the Pines Canal extends all the way to Crandon, so the Village's new seawall standards will address the flooding risk here. On the north side, the Village is considering various options, one of which is a five to six foot berm. One idea is to make this berm part of a new nature walk through the mangroves of Cran don Park. A path could be installed along the top of the berm, starting at Calusa Park and extending to the Bayfront. A pedestrian connection to Harbor Drive could be made between St. Agnes and the Presbyterian Church. A loop could be established by returning the path along a boardwalk through the mangroves, as previously proposed. 1. Dune Reinforcement !!"!!"!I! 2. Stronger Sea Walls - 3. Flood Protection !!"!!"!I! 4. Elevated Village - RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 104 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN REIN FO R CE & PROTECT THE OC EA N SHORELINE MOFFATT & NICHOL- US ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS PROPOSED TSP IMPROVEMENTS T h e d un e system se rves a s th e fi rst lin e of de fe n s e aga in s t storm su rg e as w e ll as risin g se a-le ve l. A m o ng th e T e n tativ e ly S e le cted S h ore lin e P rote ctio n P lan (T S P ) e ffo rts to sa fe gu a rd th e sh o re line : • In s talla tio n o f a buried sh e et pile se aw all w ith co n cre te ca p to re in fo rce th e dun es • P re servatio n a n d en ha ncem e nt of the ex is t in g e c o sy ste m a n d n a tive pla n ts a nd fa u n a . • M a inta in in g th e ex istin g be a c h , just at a highe r e le v a tio n. • P erio d ic bea ch re -n o u rish m e n t. • N atu ra l dun e e n ha n cem e nt w ith ve g eta tive pro te c tio n. • P ro te ctiv e tie-b a ck syste m s alo ng n o rth an d so u th of v illage . • E stim a te d $6 0 m illio n in co n s tru ctio n cost a n d $6 0 m illio n in pe riod ic beach re -n o u r is h m e nt Source: Moffatt & Nichol - Key Biscayne Shoreline Protection Presentation PLAN SECTION EXISTING DEVELOPMENT/ VEGETATION l!l) .~ 0 ... •s lz ·~ ' IC '-I~ - .·· I DUNE REINFORUMENT EXISTING BEACH ZONE (PRIVATE PROPERTY) (INC. BURIED SEAWALL) (BEACH LIMITS VARY) · ·- ·- . RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 105 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN RE IN FORCE & PROTECT THE OCEAN SHORELINE PR IVATE & PUBLIC BEACH ACCESS As part of its efforts to gain support for Key Biscayne inclusion in the USACE's Tentative Shoreline Projection Plan {TSP), the Village has committed to the creation of additional public beach access points. This improvement will also enhance the Village's connectivity network. 1. Private Beach Access - 2. Public Beach Access - 3. Current Private - Potential Public Beach Access ! ! ! ! RESILI ENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 106 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN R E I N F O R C E & P R O T E C T T H E O C E A N S H O R E L IN E B E A C H A C C E S S IM P R O VE M E N T S When sewalls raise dunes,the Village will need to redesign beach access points and may use the opportunity to revisit accessibility and pre sentation of the beach to residents. Currently, many of the existing access points are dated and do not celebrate the fact that Key Biscayne borders one of the most beauli ful beaches in South Florida that should be a source of pride for all Village residents. The newer Beach Park is a grec1l example or a proper civic oceanfront gateway. While other beach access passages have a narrower right of-way, it is still possible to enhance their visi bility, their entrances, and provide seating and other amenities to improve the quality of the beach going experience. Florida has numerous examples of waterfront architecture that showcase beach access. Among them, the modest but colorful ocean front plaza in Lauderdale by-the-Sea, the cre a live dune cross-over pavilions of Seaside, and the small-scale clock-tower at the end of Worth Avenue in Palm Beach. Beach Pavilion, Seaside, FL Public Beach Pavilion, Palm Beach, FL Public Beach Pavilion & Plaza - Lauderdale-by-the-Sea, FL Beach Park - Key Biscayne, FL Beach Park - Key Biscayne, FL RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 107 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN REINFORCE & PROTECT THE OCEAN SHORELINE BEACH ACCESS IMPROVEMENTS Current Conditions: Private access point with paten- Possible upgrade to a private access point tial of becoming public access point. Current Conditions: Private access point with paten- Possible upgrade to a private access point tial of becoming public access point. Improvements to existing access points can be relatively simple. Special gate markers, decorative paving patterns, and landscap ing can enliven even the narrowest of paths and signal the availability of public beach access. RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 108 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 109 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN S T R E N G T H E N & M O D E R N IZ E T H E S E AWA L L S R ethink the placem ent and nature of seawalls • Provide Homeowner Options • Consider Innovative Techniques Key Biscayne Current Conditions of Private Property Seawall Seawall Vegetation Buffer Cape Florida Light Seawall RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 110 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN STR ENGTHEN & MODERNIZE THE SEAWALLS UND ERSTANDING FLOO D ZONES & BASE FLOOD ELEVATION All of VKB is subject to a high degree of flood risk in the form of a storm surge during a hurricane or other tropical storm. For buildings to qualify for flood insurance, they must meet certain minimum standards. The most sig nificant in terms of planning is that new structures must be built high enough to avoid flood damage to habitable interior space: • For new residential structures, the first floor must be set above the Base Flood Elevation (BFE) plus freeboard. (See definitions below.) • Non-residential structures must either comply with the same rule or provide certified flood-proofing for interior spaces below the BFE. BFE is the elevation of the Base Flood, often referred to as the 100-year flood or the 1% flood. This is the flood having a one percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year. In this coastal context, a flood would take the form of storm surge. The BFE is determined by FEMA (the Federal Emergency Management Agency.) To support the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), FEMA produces flood maps for flood-prone areas of the U.S. FEMA is continually updating its flood maps based on new data and improved technology. These maps are the foundation for most U.S. coastal analysis, whether it is for insurance purposes or municipal planning. Freeboard is a term taken from boating which describes the height of a ship's side between the waterline and the deck. In this context, Freeboard descirbes how much higher the first floor is located above the BFE. This particular analysis is based on the most recent map for Miami-Dade County, which was produced in 2009. It is unlikely that a given storm surge will exactly match the parameters of the base flood as defined by FEMA; an actual flooding event will likely be higher or lower. The interior space of residential buildings must be built above the BFE. It may be impractical to construct seawalls at this height in the near term. L FEMA Flood Map - 2009 RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 111 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN S T R E N G T H E N & MODERNIZE THE SEAWALLS HISTORIC SEA LEVEL RISE IN BISCAYNE BAY Since 1931, the sea level in Biscayne Bay has been rising at a rate of approximately 3.0 millimeters (1/8 inch) per year or 0.3 meters (1 foot) per century. The accompanying chart (to the right) shows the relative sea level trend at the Virginia Key NOAA Station, where tidal data has been collected daily for decades. The station, which is close to Key Biscayne, is affiliated with the Rosenstiel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science at the University of Miami. A similar upward trend is seen at most other NOAA stations around the United States. This data can be obtained for free on the NOAA website. Precision Satellite Measurement of Sea level Shows Increasing Rate of Rise (acceleration) 80% Increase in Two Decades 7S \ ..,~1>< n ~ (\\\S. ~~ \ t,~ c:. "'· ~es "'~ .J '.'t ~ Relative Sea Level Trend 8723214 Virginia Key, Florida 8723214 Virginia Key, Florida 3.00 +/- 0.21 mm/yr 0.60 0.4S 0.30 0.15 VI ! 0.00 if !: -0.15 -0.30 -0.4S -0.60 , 1920 _ Monthly mean sea level with the average seasonal cycle removed - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 EXPORT TO TEXT 198 0 EXPORT TO CSV 1990 20 0 0 20 10 2020 The relative sea level trend Is 3.0 millimeters/year with a 95% confidence interval of+/- 0.21 mm/yr based on monthly mean sea level data from 1931 to 2021 which is equivalent to a change of 0.98 feet in 100 yeurs. Earlier data stored in database as station 8723170 and 8723080 Source: NOAA CO-OPS chart. https:lltidesandcurrents. noaa. gov/sltrendslsltrends _ station. shtml?id=8723214 0 -} o polnufram 2 101 The trend chart (above) is based on historic data looking backwards. It is not a projection into the future. The graph over a 90-year period may suggest a straight-line trend. However, a more fine-grained analysis of worldwide sea level rise in recent decades shows that the rate has been steadily accelerating. (See trend chart to left.) This pattern is characteristic of the beginning of exponential growth. RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 112 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN S T R E N G T H E N & MODERNIZE THE SEAWALLS UNDERSTANDING THE THREE VERTICAL DATUMS There are three distinct vertical datums relevant to Key Biscayne: 1. Local tidal datum (Virginia Key NOAA) 2. NGVD29 3. NAVD88 LO C A L TID A L DATUM Many residents of Key Biscayne may be familiar with sea level from boating and weather forecasts. These contexts typically rely on a local tidal datum, which is based on daily measurements collected · over many years. Because these are based on the local tides and weather conditions, and because of complex geological factors such as the earth's differential gravitational pull, each tidal datum is unique. MSL (Mean Sea Level) at the nearby Virginia Key NOAA Station is not likely to match MSL in New York City, San Diego, or Portland. GE OD E TIC D ATUMS By contrast, when it comes to onshore construction and flood mapping, elevations are typically measured relative to a standard geodetic datum that is the same across the nation. For many years NGVD29 was the nationwide standard. Many longtime property owners in Key Biscayne may have original site plans and architectural drawings that refer to NGVD29. Indeed, the FIRM (Flood Insurance Rate Map) for Miami-Dade County published in 2009, which is still in effect, relies on this older standard. However, in 1993, the federal government adooted a new. more accurate vertical datum standard, NAVD88. Increasingly, local surveyors, municipalities, and utilities are switching over to this newer standard. When a new FIRM for Miami-Dade County is made official, it will be based on NAVD88. DIFFER ENCES B ETW EEN THE DATUMS Unfortunately, there are differences between all three of these datums, and this may confuse conversations about sea level rise. In Key Biscayne, NAVD88 is approximately 1.56 ft lower than NGVD29. Accurate conversions for most locations can be obtained from the NGS Coordinate Conversion and Transformation Tool (NCAT) hosted by NOAA. The accompanying chart from NOAA displays the relationship between the local tidal datum and NAVD88 as it exists at the Virginia Key station. The local MSL (Mean Sea Level) is 0.89 ft below the NAVD88 'zero' baseline. A large portion of VKB west of Crandon Blvd. has a BFE (Base Flood Elevation) of 10 ft NAVD88. This translates into 10.89 ft above the local Mean Sea Level. OTHER SEA LEVEL DATUMS Whereas boaters may prefer to use low tide as a reference, especially MLLW (to avoid rocks and other underwater hazards,) high tide may be a more useful reference in the context of onshore construction because a primary concern is to avoid flooding. Two particularly helpful references are MHHW and Max Tide: Datums for 8723214, Virginia Key, Biscayne Bay, FL All figures in feet relative to NAVD88 0.5 MH O MHHW, 0.23 W: ,15_..__ ---1-..r.u:.1~. VD88: o- Source: NOAA CO-OPS chart. https:lltidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/datum s.html?id-B723214 Based on the Current National Tidal Epoch of 1983 through 2001. • MHHW (Mean Higher High Water): Key Biscayne, like most coastal areas around the world, has a semidiurnal tidal cycle, meaning there are two tide cycles per day. Each day, one high tide is typically higher than the other. The MHHW is the average of the higher high water height of each tidal day observed over many years. At Virginia Key station, the MHHW is 0.23 NAVD88, which is 1.12 ft above the local Mean Sea Level. •. Max Tide (not shown on the above diagram) is the highest observed tide at a particular station. At Virginia Key, this was 3.79 ft NAVD88 on September 10, 2017, which is 4.69 ft above the local Mean Sea Level. RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 113 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN S T R E N G T H E N & MODERNIZE THE SEAWALLS UNDERSTANDING DIFFERENT FLOOD EVENTS t _,,..,,. 3.15' ,,..,,. . ,,. ,,. ,,. . _,., ,,.. ,,. . ,,. . ,,. . t _,,. 4.69' . ,,. ·,,..,,. . ,,. . ,,. ,,. _,.... ,/ . ..,. . ,,. . ,,. _,,. ., ,,. . .,,, . ~..c..O'_- M..;..;;;S..;;;;.L_ ,,. .... KING TIDE A spring tide is a high tide that is higher than normal because it coin cides with a new or full moon. This occurs twice per month. A King tide is a spring tide occuring when the moon is closest to the earth, usually in the fall each year. As of 2020, the highest recorded at the Virginia Key Station in Biscayne Bay was 3.15 ft. above MSL and occurred on October 15, 2017 ..e O'-MSL _,.... STO R M TIDE A storm tide is a higher than normal high tide (be it spring or neap tide) that occurs due to the effects of a mete orological event. During Hurricane Irma on September 10, 2017, the sea level reached 4.69 ft. above MSL at the NOAA tide station on Virginia Key. Note that this storm surge was below the 100-year flood level. Notes: BFE= MSL= O'-MSL S T O R M S U R G E FEMA uses a storm surge associ ated with a tropical storm or hurricane to determine BFE. Storm surge is coastal flooding event caused by an abnormal rise of water generated by a storm. Storm surge is aggravated by tides. The BFE for most VKB areas is between 8.0 ft. and 10.0 ft., with the easternmost part of the Village at 8.0 ft. and the Bayside neighborhood west of Crandon Blvd. mostly at 10 ft. Elevations are NGVD-29 Tide data is from the NOAA website for the Biscayne Bay Station on Virginia Key. Base flood elevation set by FEMA Mean sea level RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 114 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN S T R E N G T H E N & M O D E R N IZ E T H E S E AWA L L S S E AWA LL C O N S T R U C T IO N & M ATE R IA LS C O NSID ERATIONS TIE RODS Many of the early seawalls (or bulkheads) constructed around Biscayne Bay follow a design that relies on tie rods. (See illustration 1) The tie rods connect to dead men or some other counterweight underground to hold the panels in place and prevent them from overturning. This configuration is structurally efficient and was expedient when the walls were first put in place before there was any fill on the landward side. However, over time, many tie rods have been severed to accommodate swimming pools, leading to the premature failure of these walls. In most cases, this type of construction is no longer practi cal or recommended. ALLOW ING FOR FUTURE INCREASES IN HEIGHT It may be impractical for VKB to achieve the full, optimal, desired height for seawalls in the near term. One option is to require all new seawalls to be constructed in such a way that they can accommodate additional increases in height in the future. How this is achieved may not initially be obvious to those familiar with conventional construction on land. The height of a seawall is typically limited by its depth into the seabed. The height above the 'mudline' (the seafloor) may gener ally be no greater than twice its projection into the seabed below the mudline. The panels or pilings must therefore be driven into the seafloor deeper than the initial construction requires. This requires additional expense, which should be considered when establishing the new requirements. ALTERNATIVE MATERIALS As mentioned previously, seawalls have a limited life time in large part because the steel reinforcement rusts. VKB may consider allowing, and perhaps encouraging, non-corrosive fiber reinforced polymer materials, an inno vative technique for reinforcing concrete that has been pioneered by Prof. Antonio Nanni at the Civil, Architec tural, and Environmental Engineering Department of the University of Miami. One of the major advantages of this material is that it contains little or no steel, a material that is prone to rust ing, especially in a salt-water environment. Whereas con ventional steel-reinforced concrete may last around thirty years, the anticipated lifetime of glass fiber-reinforced concrete (GFRC) is closer to fifty years. FOOT is using the material in a growing number of projects. Refer to the new seawall standards adopted by North Bay Village for details of seawalls constructed with GFRC. Precast panels --=----...,r-- Tie rods ------------+.. (fiber reinforced polymer) Deadman ---------- MSL----- -- .. Mudline • 1 -------- (Seafloor) ' , ----------- ' -- Seawall with tie rods -- -- X/2 -~ Oep~ of P netration RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 115 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN STR E NGTHEN & M O DERNIZE THE SEAWALLS P O T E N T IA L S E AWA L L H E IG H T S F O R V K B 11.0' - Min. required finished floor elevation = BFE1 + 1' Freeboard2 --•------------------------- _.,.. . ...-· -· ::~--:~----·-· • 10.0' -Potential max. allowed seawall height= BFE1 (varies) - 3.0 ' ,t- ·-.. L · · ........... r ....... .- ...,__ .- --------~, -·- -· -· ---• 5.0' - County min. required seawall height & Typical existing seawall height in VKB (approx.) _,, . ,, _.,.. .,.. .,.. .,.. . ,,. ,,. ,,. _,. ,..,-:-;_:'.",:;::.·-·-·~ 4.5' - Approximate existing grade (varies) . --:-_,.'.-;·.,.. __ ..,,..,,,,..,,,. ! _.,.-;,,,.- ~ --"":~.,..· _,. . .--·-·-· 0' - MSL NGVD-29 ,-· _.,.. ~·.,.. .._, -------- .,... _.,.. - - ,-· __ .,.. ..,,,. _ _,,,,. -· _.,.. . ,: ;,. . .,,, .,...,: .,,, --- _,, _,, _ _, __ .,,,. ,,. _.,,. ,,,. ---·-·-·-•----7 _._5_'-_P_ot_e_nt_ia_l_m_i_n._r_e~qu_i_re_d_s_e_a_w_a_ll_h_ei~g_ht_ -· _,,., . .,,,.,,.·_..,.· ,,-.,,,. .,,,. . -· .,,,. . .,,,.. PROPERTIES FRONTING BISCAYNE BAY AND THE CANALS • VKB may consider a potential m inim um seaw all height of 7.5 ft. N .A.V.D. This would be an increase of 2.5 ft (30 inches) above the existing County minim um of 5.0 ft. For most hom eow ners, an increase of 2.5 ft. w ill not obstruct view s from existing rear yards. H ow ever, this should be studied cl osely along with a com prehensive resil iency and sustainability plan with sensitiv ity to hom eow ners to determ ine at w hat height and w hen such height should be achieved. • In Ft. Lauderdale, the maxim um seaw all height is equal to the BFE. This ensures that flood waters do not accum ulate inside the seaw alls to such a degree that they cause flood dam age to the interiors of houses. Along the Bayfront in VKB, the BFE is generally 10 ft. • Seawalls may be structured in such a w ay that they can accomm odate future increases in height. N ote: This draw ing is fo r ill ustrative purposes only. D im ensions and specifications are recom m endations only. D P Z is not responsible for errors. N otes: Elevations are N G V D -29. 1. B F E varies, see FE M A flood m ap. 2. Freeboard = 1' typ. in A zones. see U LD C §10 .5. B FE : B ase flood elevation set by FE M A in 2009 FIR M. M S L: M ean sea level. RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 116 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN STR ENGTHEN & M O DERNIZE THE SEAWALLS SEAWALLS LOCATION ALTERNATIVES L ocatio n M a p T he V illa g e w ill req u ire tha t a prop e rty ke e ps w a ter fr om n e ig h bo rs a n d the stre e t, bu t can be fle xib le , , ',, , , , , , , ' ' , ' , ' ' , ' , >' , , B efo re Flood ing D uring F lood C ond itions w ith h ow w ate r is co nta in e d w ith in B ecau se a sea w a ll is o n ly as effective as its low e st elevatio n, it sh o uld th e prope rty. A sea w all o r be rm be con s tru cte d at a continu o us e lev ation. W hethe r the seaw a ll im prove ca n be lo c ate d to a llo w o w ne rs m e n ts a lo n g th e B a y s ide are im ple m ente d collectively o r in cre m e ntally, bett er co nne ctio ns to the bay at so m e pro p e rty ow ners m a y choose to not alte r the existin g height of their som e perso n a l risk . se a w a ll fo r aesthetic o r other cons id erations. T hese befo re/after diagra m s offe r 3 a lte rn a tive s fo r up gra d ing the flood prote ction of w ate rfro nt hom es fr ontin g B isca yn e B a y . RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 117 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN S T R E N G T H E N & M O D E R N IZ E T H E S E AWA L L S SEAWALLS LOCATION ALTERNATIVES ~ ~ STORM SURGE Location Map The seawall alternatives from the prior page are shown here three-dimensionally: Alternative 1: The default presumption is that properties will participate in the plan to recon struct and raise seawalls along the bayfront in their existing locations along rear property lines. Alternative 2: This alternative re-imagines and relocates the seawall condition along the front and sides of a property with a softer, land scaped, earthen berm. Vehicles can go up and over the berm instead of through a gate. Alternative 3: This solution maintains a normal front yard by making use of the rear wall of the house as a seawall. The seawall must be con tinuous and connect via a continuous structure or flood barriers to walls on the side property which provide continuous protection and con nections to adjacent properties. 1. Retaining Wall 2. Berm 3. Seawall After Flooding RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 118 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN STRENGTHEN & MODERNIZE THE SEAWALLS L IV IN G S H O R E L IN E S Hardened, man made structures like seawalls have a limited lifetime. Conventional concrete and steel may last only thirty or forty years. By contrast, living shorelines planted with native species like mangroves are more resilient and less costly in the long run. Plants may repair themselves after a storm event. We may combnie seawalls with plants to create a living seawall. Rip-rap (stones) are placed in the water in front of a seawall (which may be new or existing) and planted with mangroves and other native species. Mangroves planted in the riprap provide added protection from wave action. Living seawalls may extend the life of aging seawalls and are easier to expand in the future than conventional seawalls. Note the m angro ves planted in the rip-rap in West Palm Beach. The m an gro ves have been trim m ed to preserv e views and extend only 24inches above the sidewalk. Im age pro vided by A UL/ Advisory Services Panel Report. More stones are simply added to the top of the riprap, and the mangroves adjust their height naturally as they grow. Note that the mangroves in the example pictured have been trimmed to preserve the view. There is an important regula tory detail for both planners and property owners to keep in mind: Mangroves are protected by DERM, and existing man groves may not be trimmed. However, if one is contemplating planting new mangroves, one may apply in advance for an exception to keep a new installation of mangroves trimmed, preserving view windows. Seawalls are typically built at the property line. Thus, increas ing the wall thickness with rip-rap into State owned submerged lands is challenging. Miam i-Dade county does not presently allow owners to encroach beyond the property line excep t for five feet of riprap. Such an extension may require some form of mitigation. As the Village creates new seawall standards, a range of sea walls and living seawalls should be considered. North Bay Village recently adopted new seawall standards which include typical construction details and a range of options. The Vil lage should include incentives to encourage more durable and adaptable living shorelines. .,. ' . . . ¾' R1J>-R',Pi~II $lit \' !'TM • ,. lnlll: ......... ---- - -~------ Section through a living seawall, combination seawall and vegetation buffer (very common in Naples, Florida and Palm Beach. Section provided by A UL/ Advisory Services Panel Report RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 119 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN SEC URE FLOOD PROTECTION En sure resilien c y w ith a com p rehensive storm water m anagem ent plan • Decrease Street Flooding • Increase Storm water Storage Capacity • Adopt Resilient Strategies to Address Sea Level Rise Seaside Central Square hosts events with convenient parking and an amphitheater green doubling as a retention pond. Stabilized gravel & grass used as permeable base with geo-grid overlay. Rain Garden for the water storage RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 120 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN SECUR E FLOOD PROTECTION S T O R M W AT E R M A N A G E M E N T PLA N The Village has taken a proactive stance with regards to the frequency and intensity of flood ing by commissioning a storm water manage ment plan. In 2021 the AECOM firm delivered its findings and recommendations. The plan focused on street flood mitigation, storm water capacity, and resilient strategies to address Sea Level Rise. -~ .... _. - : ,'"'.fif I /- .· ' ·, . . · .. · ~ ' :1 Village of Key Biscayne _ · . _, '.lt~~~ Stormwater Managem$.O! P.la1]1 ·1 _ • j Task Order #1: Summary of F1nd1n·g$ and Recommendatio,ns -· Council Meeting II February 8, 2022 Fernando Vazquez, rE Vice President - Water Resources SER ~ Why Stormwater System • ~ . · Upgrade Now? ~- ~ A:COM; i --~ [, ~ . r: ' Present Findings of Stormwater Assessm~nt - Gap Analysis Results - Select a Sea Level Rise Projection - Select Design Storm - Establish a Level of Service •• .. \\'.,:·.\ •'If· i~--~ t • Meet community's needs -Mitigate street flooding -Streamline and maximize stormwater system capacity -Develop resilient strategies for Sea Level Rise • Improve water quality in Biscayne Bay Total Service Area acres RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 121 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN S E C U R E F L O O D P R O T E C T IO N EVALUATION OF GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE OPTIONS V ILL A G E OF K EY BISCAYN E GRE E N IN F R ASTRU CTURE OPTIONS BASED ON "CATALOG OF GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE TOOLS" PREPARED BY GIT CONSULTING, INC. FOR THE VILLAGE IN 2015 A:COM Imagine it. Delivered PAVING • MODULAR CONCRETE BLO.CKS WITH GRAVEL·FILLEDVOIDS • STRUCTURALLY fLEXIBLE • DRAINS AT RATE OF 80·90% OF NATURAL GRASSLAND • UNDERDRAIN RECOMMENDED PE RV IO tJ S AS PH '.A LT • UNIFORMLY SIZED AGGREGATE WITH LESS BINDER THAN STANDARD • INCREASED VOIDS ALLOW Pl:RCOLATION TO BASE COURSE • UNDERDRAIN RECOMMENDED • ON·STREET•PARKING • t.lMITED STREET-SIDE VERGE • ALLEYS. DRIVEWAYS, LOADING ZONES • MODERATE INCREASED COST COMPARED TO STANDARD CONCRETE PAVING • ON-STREET PARKING • ALLEYS, DRIVEWAYS, LOADING ZONES • MODERATE INCREASED cost COMPARED TO STANDARD ASPHALT PAVING • REQUIRES VACUUM MAINTENANCE ~J.6Nl)Gil()UNDINTRUSION • ~llERGl!ORVARIOUS 81R EEl'TYPE8 • SUG)ffl..y INCRl{,\SEI) COST-COMPARED TOVEG&TA'l'DSWALE A major fea ture o f the storm w ate r m anage ment pla n w a s to re com m end stra te gies to minimize sto rm w a ter ru n-off into streets and park ing a rea s, a n d incre ase filtratio n capacity . Flo o d -reductio n and a b so rption techniques in cl ude : • Adding pervio u s pavin g; • Creatin g sw a les to reta in sto rm w ater after storm events ; a n d • Rethin k in g th e design of ro a d side green areas to m a na ge la rg e ra in even ts and storm su rg e s. RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 122 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN SECURE FLOOD PROTECTION VILLAGE OF KEY BISCAYNE GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE OPTIONS Many of the recommended techniques for channeling and storing storm water run off involves reconfiguring the Village street sections. Specially designed swales would incorporate underground piping, permeable soil amendments, and water-tolerant coastal landscaping. TREE ISLAND ---.='.,;s.. OUTrALL STRUCTURE & ~, • STORM PIPE \ _ · SOUTH FLORIDA COASTAL PLI\NTS PLANTING SOIL ~ AMENDMENT PRIVATE PROPERTY I PERMEABLE SOIL AMENDMENT lJI / t H 28' a· SWALE Village of Key Biscayne Stormwater Management Plan PLANTING SOIL AMENDMENT PERMEABLE SOIL AMENDMENT GUTTER------~-,_..;.___,~ PERVIOUS ASPHALT PARKING PERMEABLESTEP----~ STRIP PLANTING SOIL AMENDMENT PERMEABLE SOIL AMENDMENT OUTFALL STRUCTURE& PIPE PRIVATE 5' 3' PROPERTY S/W 9' 2' TREE WELL EXISTING VILLAGE IMPERVIOUS STREET RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 123 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN SE C UR E FLOOD PROTECTION ENGINEERED FLOOD PROTECTION: SPECIFIC EXAMPLE E levated Streets RAISING THE ROAD GRADE RECONIFGURE ROADS TO DIRECT WATER TO STORMWATER SYSTEM, POSITIVE DRAINAGE. The most significant flood protection change in the street sections consist of raising the streets to meet the new County elevation standards. The restructuring of streets needs to take into account the impacts on exist ing yards. The diagram on this page shows the importance of swales to accommodate on-street drainage and the need of additional swales on private properties that are rede veloped with elevated yards. ... .::- .... - .. :.: . . ... - -·• - ,,. 50' O' (1 8' PVMT. PVMT. k -.-. a- PROP. EL 4.i'•. PROP. EL 5.58' "'• -,,- ... ,, F.F.IE~4,Z' CATC H BA SIN (TY P.) BA CK FLOW PREVENTER (TYP.) -- VALLE Y GUTT ER (TYP.) CATCH BAS IN (TYP.) RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 124 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN S ECUR E F LOOD PROTECT IO N M A C K LE H O U S E H A R M O N IZ AT IO N - E X IS T IN G C O N D IT IO N S C oordinating infrastructure and drainage w ith existing hom es that rem ain at a low elevation, such as the Mackle Houses, w ill pose a great challenge. This process is called harm onization. This illustration and the fo llow ing tw o sce narios are intended to support a conver sation about the urban design im plications of the V illage's am bitious infrastructure im provem ents w hich include a storm w a ter m aster plan, undergrounding utilities, and possibly raising streets. SUM MARY (0 This scenario illustrates a typical Mackle house facing an existing street. • A typical Key B iscayne lot is approxi m ately 75 ft. w ide by 10 0 ft. deep. • The existing street and lot are show n at approxim ately 5.0 ft (N AV D -88). • M any existing streets do not have side w alks. • The existing verges are level and often used fo r parking. • M any streets lack trees or have trees that provide m inim al shade. .... f, ...... DISCUSSIO N M ackle B rothers C onstruction was respon sible for m uch of the original developm ent of Key B iscayne in the 1950s. The re m ain ing Mackle houses are easily recognizable. M odest by contem porary standards, these sim ple, one-story dw ellings are low to the gro und and do not meet modern flood pro tection requirem ents. These houses are grandfathered in and are not required to be elevated unless they undergo substantial re novation. The sam e is true for all existing structures. ... ... ... .. Note that the elevation of the existing lot is nearly the sam e as the elevation in the right-of-w ay. A s individual lots have been im pro ved and elevated around the Village, f'0 On many existing streets there are currently flood waters are generally not trapped on v no sidew alks, and pedestrians must walk existing lots that have not been elevated because the w ater can escape into the netw ork of streets. How ever, as the Village raises streets, drainage w ill be needed for the lots that rem ain at low er elevations. A significant challenge will be harm oni- 0 Many of the existing streets lack curbs and zation betw een existing lots, which are gutters. This minim al appro ach to infrastruc ture worked w ell in the past and contrib uted to the relaxed, alm ost rural character 0 So, - ~.C) IA, "-·•v. 0 0 ... ... .... .... .... .... .... ·- - - - - - - - ! ... ·- - - - - - - - ! approxim ately 3.0' above sea level, and the new , higher street elevations. The fol lowing pages explore two such scenarios. in the street. This was not a problem his torically: when vehicle traffic necessitated it, pedestrians could step onto the verge. How ever, as the streets are ra ised and the verges sloped, sidewalks w ill be needed fo r com fo rtable w alking. of Key Biscayne . How ever, Key Biscayne, like most of South Florida, is facing increased flooding. The Village is em barking on an am bitious plan to improve its storm w ater m anagem ent. In many locations, gutters and curbs may be required. 0 Many of the existing Village streets lack street trees. W here present, the species, such as the palm trees illustrated here, do not alw ays pro vide shade. The hot sun dis courages pedestrian activity. Existing C onditions: A typical M ackle ho use on a typical K ey B iscay ne lot facing a typical existing street that has not been raised . RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 125 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN S EC U R E FL O OD PRO TE C TION MACKLE HOUSE HARMONIZATION - SCENARIO A: STREET RAISED 1.5 FEET S U M M A R Y © In this scenario, a typical M ackle hou se faces a street that has been raised 1.5 ft. to an elevation of approximately 4.5 ft. • Sidewalks are provided at the elevation of the lot on both sides of the street. • A sloped apron is provided for each driveway within the public right-of-way. • The street may comprise two travel lanes or a single one-way travel lane with an on street parklng lane. • Shade trees promote walkability. DISCUSSION In the new stormwater master plan, some residential streets may not be raised. Others may be raised 0.5 to 1.5 fl. to achieve the desired level of service and to accommodate larger pipes. Raising the streets has many practical and functional benefits: Higher streets will ® accommodate larger sto rm w ater p ip es: they improve escape routes and access for emergency vehicles during flood events; additional utilities may be undergrounded at the same time. But the process of raising the streets also affords an opportunity to improve the walkability and character of the streets, which will have positive impacts on security and property values. @ The roadw ay should not be any wider than necessary. 20 ft. is illustrated here, but less width would be better. This has two benefits. Narrower travel lanes calm traffic naturally, and less paving leaves more space for permeable surface and vegetation. The street may consist of two travel lanes or a single travel lane with an on-street parking lane. The on street parking would replace parking that previously took place on the verge. Incorporating the one-way street concept would require a detailed study to address traffic patterns, on-street parking and drainage objectives. @ Sidew alks are provided to improve walkability. Located on both sides of the street, the sidewalks run along the outer edges of the right-of-way next to the property lines, approximately flush with the existing front yards. The sidewalks have a minimal cross slope to direct run-off into the adjacent swale. Scenario A: A typical Mackle house facing a street that has been raised 1.5 ti., the maximum amount proposed in the current Stormwater Master Plan. 7 .... .... ..... ......_ - - - .... - -. ...... ..... .... ...... ..... ...._ .... ..... . .... -- .._ ..... ..... Note that this sidewalk layout will conflict with the drlveway slope if the street ls raised any further. If the Village anticipates raising the street more in the future, it should consider placing the sidewalk at the elevation of the raised street, as illustrated in Scenario 8. @ On each side of the street is a low-profile valley gutter, without a curb, which will handle most of the rainfall that hits the paved street during a typical rainstorm. @ The verge between the street and sidewalk is a shallow swale that will channel additional water from either the street or the lot into the new storm water system. Within the verge, green infrastru c tu re may be implemented: • A vegetated swale can slow the progress of run-off and encourage natural filtration into water table. • Landscaped tree wells and rain gardens can provide storage. (j) Shade tre e s along the street protect pedestrians from the Florida sun and encourage walkability. Large trees also provide benefits for water management. The canopy slows the progress of rain as it falls to the ground, slowing flash floods. The roots absorb ground moisture which is dissipated into the atmosphere through the leaves. 6.5' -Approximate maximum future crown of road in Stormwater Master Plan .... __ ........ ' ........ _"" .... _ -05.0' - Existing grade (varies) .... ...... .... -.. ---0 0.0' - NAVD-88 RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 126 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN SECUR E FLOOD PROTECTION M A C K LE HO U S E H A R M O N IZATIO N - SC ENAR IO B: STR EET RA ISED 3.0 FEET SUMMARY In this scenario, the street has been raised 3.0 ft. to an elevation of of 6.0 ft. while an G) existing Mackle house remains at its original elevation of 3.0 ft. • A single sidewalk is provided at the elevation of the street. • Steps are provided from the street/ sidewalk level to each property. • Each driveway is sloped to meet the new street elevation. Because of the required minimum slope, a ramp extends onto private property. • The street may comprise two travel lanes or a single one-way travel lane with an on street parking lane. • Shade trees promote walkabillly. DISCUSSION Miami-Dade County is currently considering a proposal to establish 6.0 ft. (NAVD-88) as the minimum elevation for both public infrastructure (such as roads and seawa'lls) and private property (such as single-family homes.) @ Larger stormwater pipes are accommodated under the raised roadway. These are sized to handle additional excess run-off from existing non-elevated homes that have no other means of drainage. @ As in scenario A, the roadway should not be any wider than necessary. 20 ft. is illustrated here, but less width would be better. Narrow travel lanes calm traffic and maximize permeable green space. The street may consist of two travel lanes or a single travel lane with an on-street parking lane. The on street parking would replace parking that previously took place on the verge. Incorporating the one-way street concept would require a detailed study to address traffic patterns, on-street parking and drainage objectives. @Walkability is improved by providing a sidewalk. By limiting the sidewalk to one side, more space is preserved within the right-of-way for the verges. This increases permeable area, reduces the slope, and allows for gentler, more pedestrian-friendly steps. The sidewalk is located at the level of the street. This @facilitates harmonization of the driveway, which is limited to a 10% slope from the crown of road by VKB code. @ ® Scenario B: A typical Mackle house facing a street that has been raised 3.0 ft. to the proposed County minimum of 6.0 ft. The sidewalk is elevated slightly above the @ roadway with a low curb to keep it dry. On the other side of the street is a low-profile (j) valley gutter, without a curb. @ Low steps provide access to each lot from the street. The steps are designed to hug the contours of the sloped verge. They are broken up into small flights separated by landings, which make them inviting and easy to navigate. If each flight consists of no more than three risers, handrails can be avoided, which can be unsightly. @ A swale along the bottom of the verge within the right-of-way collects overflow run-off from the roadway and, during a flood event, from the lot. This water is channeled to a catch basin, from which lt is drained in stormwater pipes. Within the verge and the right-of-way, green Infrastructure can be implemented: • A vegetated swale will slow the progress of run-off and encourage natural filtration into water table. • Landscaped tree wells and rain gardens can provide storage. @Shade trees along the street protect pedestrians from the Florida sun and encourage walkability. .._ .... ..... - ..... -- .... -. -- ..... '- - .... ..... ...._ ...... ...... ......._ -·- 6.0' - Proposed County min. elev . ... ..... -----, .... ~ '·-.. ·~ -0 5.0' - Existing grade (varies) . .._ ...... -... ...... 0 0.0' - NAVD-88 RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 127 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN SECU R E FL O OD P RO T E C TION V K B R E SILIE NT IN FR A ST R UCT UR E IN TEG RATION & IMPLEM ENTATION PROGRAM 2050 Sea Level Rise Projection Install pum ps and pipes • Improve outfalls • Increase water storage • Incl ude sw ales - gray/green options • M onitor and enhance water quality • Harm onize w ith private pro perty _.,. _ ,. ------ - -=- -- i~: : 7 ~ ~· •i: - It '"' .. •:i -- 11 - • • .• • - fr: ~-=- , - ·-=- .. ij- $ . 11 ... ,:,::.. ". - ~ ·.-------__: .... ,_ J,, _,_,._ - II ·- lOII- -- - - - - - ~ - h• 1t10JU& • Use permeable/sem i-perm eable m aterials • Assess required elevations and changes in road configurations • Design one-w ay streets to increase storm water capture • Identify the role of curbs and gµ ters 1 , 1 ,0 , 1 ° ,. rt . 1 . [S/W rvMI ~ .. T 11 SJW • Integrate landscaping, shade and sim ilar natural benef.its -. • Im prove traffic flow and s-afety // / • Results in village-wide complete streets r,• lf cl; _/ l">'il f'Hl/J1J fl • Wnclerground electrical line feeders and laterals ! working with FPL • Simultaneously underground telecern line working with AT&T. & Comcast I Integrate water ~nq sewer infrastructure ~ coordlnatlng wlth M-DC WASD· • lnclucle streetlight upgrade, converston t© LED and transfer to FPL ,---, I I I ,---, ,---, ,---, I I t l I I SUPPdRTING -6:CTIONS I I I • I I t t f I I f ---·' .._ , ----' •._ , •.._ , ·----' •.._ , The Village's Resilient Infrastruc ture Integration and Implementation Program shall be focused on the comprehensive coordination of the upgrades to the aging and vulner able utility network and under-ca pacity stormwater system. Integral to these updates will be the way roads and swales can be reconfigured to optimize floodproof ing. Source: Building a Stronger and More Resilient Village of Key Biscayne-Resilient Infrastructure Integration & Implementation Program. The Village of Key Biscayne RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 128 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN SECUR E FLOOD PROTECT IO N CA S E STU D Y: B E AC HTOW N GA LVESTO N , TX A relevant precedent for the Village of Key Biscayne with regard to flood protection, is the resort community of Beach town, just outside Galveston, Texas. Sitting on low-lying ground outside the City's seawall, Beachtown locates habit able spaces on the second level. The understory is primarily reserved for storage, parking and other service functions. Breakaway panels and the use of waterproof finishes address the possibility of storm surges from hurricanes that frequent the Texas Gulf Coast. Started in 2005 in the wake of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, . the devastation that those storms brought to the Gulf was on everyone's minds. The project is notable because all of the structures are elevated on top of high understories. It was necessary to elevate individual structures well above flood levels because the site is outside the Galveston seawall. Beachtown buildings were built to standards that match the stringent requirem ents of the Florida Building Code and withstood the im pacts or Hurricane Ike well in 2008. Break away panels screening the understories were damaged as expected, but the habitable parts of the structures above were alm ost untouched. With so little dam age occurring, local and national news outlets ran stories on how unusual it was. W hat is striking about this project is that despite the height of the structures and the fact that active spaces all occur on the second level and above, the neighborhood manages to m aintain both good architecture and good walkability at ground level. Town Center The architectural style borrows heavily from the local traditions in Gal veston, but any style could be used. Walkability was achieved by creat ing good street frontages at the sidewalk level, even in the village center where shops are elevated as well. All buildings all have clear fronts and front doors. The tall porches create an inviting feel, bridging the public and private realms. Inviting Street Frontages If Single-family house with understory Streets are defined by low picket fences. Under stories are well screened from view and conceal parking. RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 129 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN SE C U R E FL O O D P R O T EC T IO N THE VKB RESILIENT COMMUNITY HUB The Resilient Community Hub is a concept that dovetails with the Village's efforts to coordinate stormwater management with flood proofing of public and private assets. The garage's ground level and upper-level green roofs will be designed to accommo date more stormwater run-off than is cur rently possible. The majority of the habitable spaces will be located well above the Base Flood Eleva tion (BFE). Those businesses whose store fronts open out to Crandon Boulevard at the sidewalk level will be required to provide dry-floodproofing technology. This involves doors and windows below the BFE being fitted with special waterproof panels to keep the interior spaces dry during a storm surge. Exam p le of one dry -pro ofing flood barrier panel system currently avail able (w ww .a tlan ticshuttercom). RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 130 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN R E S I LI E N C Y & F U T U R E I December 6, 2022 131 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN ~ T R A N S F O R M C IV IL IN F R A S T R U C T U R E IN T O C IV IC A R T Take advantag e o f upgrad ing u tility resilien ce to beautify th e p ub lic realm . Coordinate Underground Infrastructure Improvements with Above Ground Street Enhancements . . Incorporate Mechanical Equipment into Functional, Aesthetic Civic Architecture. Water Tower Coral Gables Alys Beach Bridge Pump Stations RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 132 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN T R A N S F O R M C IV IL IN F R A S T R U C T U R E IN T O C IV IC A R T HIERARCHY OF STREET NETWORK ACCORDING TO STORMWATER MANAGEMENT f/J- T his m ap illustrates the variety of street types that have been identified in the recent Storm W ater M anagem ent Study. T he designatio ns are determ ined by such criteria as w idth, side w alk presence, and landscape features. T hese cha racteristics im pact the w ay som e of the flood-proofing m easures being considered are determ ined. 1. Crandon Blvd - 2. Residential; No Sidewalks - 3. Sidewalk on 1 Side with Vegetation - 4. Sidewalk on Both Sides with Vegetation - 5. Median with Vegetation - 6. Elevated Promenade - RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 133 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN T R A N S F O R M C IV IL IN F R A S T R U C T U R E IN T O C IV IC A R T CRANDON BOULEVARD TO BE INCO RPO RATED UNDE R G RO UND TO BE INCORPO RATED ABO VE GROUND UT ILITIES INF RAS TRUCTURE PIP ING ELECTRICITY FIBER WATER SEWER GAS PIPE UTILITIES INFRASTRUCTURE GENERATORS TRANSFORMERS COMCAST I ATT PEDESTALS FPL SWITCH CABINETS VKB is embarking on a number of projects that will compete for limited space within the existing rights-of-way. They represent a unique opportunity to combine resiliency with aesthetic enhancements to the civic realm as well as improved pedestrian comfort and vehicular flow. Several ambitious infrastructure projects will fur ther the Villages' goals to underground dry util ities and make numerous storm water improve ments. The latter involves the installation of pump stations and green infrastructure, such as rain gardens and bioswales. In addition, the Village has goals to improve its streetscapes, adding street trees, reducing traf fic congestion, improving parking, and encour aging alternate modes of transportation. The Village seeks to do all of this while retaining its charming, neighborly character. Coordination is urgently needed. PE RV IO US AS PHALT & PERM EABLE STEP STRIP Stormwater on surface seeps vertically through pervious paving. This impervious paving, they support both pedestrian & vehicular traffic. RAINFALL Rain gardens are planted depressions designed to infiltrate stormwater runoff. BIO RETENTION PLANTERS BUFFER TO BIKE LANES Plants filter & transpire water while enhancing the streetscape while providing protection to the cyclists. BIOSW ALE Swales that are gently sloped, vegetated channels designed for treatment & conveyance of storm water runoff. CURBS Curb cuts vary in length & width enabling greater flow control. A flush curb maximizes uniform distribution of water from the street to the treat- ment to the planters. RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 134 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN T R A N S F O R M C IV IL IN F R A S T R U C T U R E INTO CIV IC A RT H A M P T O N LA N E TO BE INCO RPORATED UNDER GRO UND TO BE INCORPORATED ABOVE GROUND UTILITIES INFRASTR UCTURE PIPING ELECTRICITY FIBER WATER SEWER GAS PIPE UTILITIES INFRASTRUCTURE GENERATORS TRANSFORMERS COMCAST/ ATT PEDESTALS FPL SWITCH CABINETS Residents, elected officials, and Village staff should bear in mind that separate engineer ing firms with distinct areas of specialty have been engaged to design the various infrastruc ture projects. They are not obligated to coordi nate their work. Furthermore, their expertise is mostly of a technical nature, not in urban design and architecture. Without proper coordination, the results could be a mess. The Village should create a coordinated "Street scape Masterplan" which coordinates work and accounts fo r pedestrian experience and aes thetics. The final result, when all the projects are completed, should be better streetscapes that reflect the urban design goals outlined in this Vision. RAINFALL Rain gardens are planted depressions designed to infiltrate stormwater runoff. BIOSWALE Swales taht are gently sloped, vegetated channels designed for treatment & conveyance of storm water runoff. CELLULAR CONCRETE PAVER Modular Concrete Blocks with Gravel-filled voids. It's structurally flexible, drains at rate of 80-90% of natural grassland. SHADE:TREES An allee of trees to provide shade for the sidewalk. Large oak, & other hardwood florida native trees. RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 135 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN T R A N S F O R M C IV IL IN F R A S T R U C T U R E IN T O C IV IC A R T STREET SECTIONS - CRANDON BOULEVARD VILLAGE GREEN - EXISTING CONDITIONS '· 108'. a•, I t I I .. Existing Conditions - Crandon Blvd Village Green Most of the existing on-street, parallel parking along Crandon occurs in front of the Village Green. It is discontinuous, with the car spaces cerved out of the verge, paved in brick and alternating with street trees. However, it is a useful way to increase parking capacity and helps to slow down the passing traffic. Location Map RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 136 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN T R A N S F O R M C IV IL IN F R A S T R U C T U R E IN TO C IV IC A R T STREET SECTIONS - CRANDON BOULEVARD - PROPOSED OPTIONS Proposed Scenario - Crandon Blvd Village Green This pro posed revision includes the following strategies: reduce each travel lane width by 1 ft. (lane re-purposing) to pro vide m ore generous bicycle lanes ( 6 ft) and a buffer strip on one side; consolidate the tw o bike lanes on the east side for better pedestrian m obility along the Village Green; and replace palm trees with Fl orida native shade trees to pro vide a shaded walkway. A variation of this could replace a 1 ft. curb with a 2 ft. planted strip as a buffer between car and bike lanes. Options with bollards or planters physically separate cars and cycles. RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 137 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN T R A N S F O R M C IV IL IN F R A S T R U C T U R E IN T O CIV IC A RT STREET SECTIONS - SONESTA DRIVE J Key Colony 3 j 0 Existing Wall 0 Dedicated left turn lane 0 Drop-off to Library 0 Bike Lanes 0 Bike/Cart/Vehicle Parking serving expanded Library 0 Potential additional lane for Key Colony access. 0 Access to Key Colony 0 Entrance gates setback to I 0 prevent any back-up onto Sonesta Drive . ., LI --- . ----- -i____r-----,._Jr--------~,._ _ --;:;...L..-=_;.... __ .:- ..... -_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_--'1,4 6' lifl'r'~- 8' """"'-il,v--:ill-===-----4 7' 20' ~==::;===========t 6' Proposed Scenarios The following scenarios for Sonesta Drive offer a num ber of improvements to the Village as a whole. The concept was suggested during the workshop, received support from a few Key Colony residents who were present, but requires more discussion with other area stakeholders for further refinements. The current Sonesta Dr. "right-of-way", from the outer edge of the sidewalk along the south side of the street to the wall, is approximately 36 ft. The Village would request using 9 to 10 ft. of the 30 ft. Key Colony planted buffer in exchange for allowing access. This would enable the following benefits: • Reduced Crandon Boulevard traffic at the Key Colony intersection. • A sidewalk connecting to the Library. • Bike lanes. • New bike, cart, and vehicle parking for the Library If a traffic circle at the Village entrance improves traf fic at Harbor Drive and Crandon Boulevard, traffic and congestion will move to the next traffic light at Key Colony An additional Key Colony entrance will improve Crandon traffic, particularly after the traffic circle is created. RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 138 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN T R A N S F O R M C IV IL IN F R A S T R U C T U R E IN TO C IV IC A R T STREET SECTIONS - SONESTA DRIVE Proposed Bike Corral could replace on-street parking to serve the Library. Proposed Scenario 1 -Adding On Street Parking This scenario includes the following strategies: lane re-purposing to pro vide on street parking (9') on the North side. Proposed Scenario 2 - Adding Bicycle Lanes This scenario includes the following stra tegies: lane re-purposing to pro vide more genero us bicy cle lanes (4.5') in each direction. Proposed Scenario 3 - Adding Lane This sce nario would replace either on-street parking or bike lanes with an additional lane to accommodate traffic created by the Key Colony access opening. Location M ap Existing Proposed RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 139 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN T R A N S F O R M C IV IL IN F R A S T R U C T U R E IN TO C IV IC A R T STREET SECTIONS - RESIDENTIAL STREET Existing - 2 Way Streets with informal Parking 50' Proposed Proposed Scenario - Adding a Canal This scenario includes the following strategies: lane re-purposing to allow for a canal to accommodate a 10 ft. storm water canal along the center. Proposed Scenario - One-Way Streets with expanded swales and formalized Parking This scenario includes the following stategies: Jane reduction, (only when tied to an overall circulation plan). to allow for street parking (10') on the front yards of lots. Location Map RESILI ENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 140 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN T R A N S F O R M C IV IL IN F R A S T R U C T U R E IN T O C IV IC A R T STREET SECTIONS - WEST HEATHER DRIVE Existing ·, I Location Map Proposed Scenario - Adding a Canal This scenario includes the following strategies: lane re-purposing to allow for a canal to accommodate a 12 ft. stormwater canal along the center. RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 141 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN T R A N S F O R M C IV IL IN FR A ST R U C T U R E INTO CIV IC A RT STREET SECTIONS - SOUTHERN HARBOR DRIVE Proposed Scenario -Adding Street Parking on the Front Yard of Lots This scenario includes the following strategies: lane re-purposing to accommodate parallel parking adjacent to street within the front yard of properties; allocate the extra width to the median to create a linear park. Location Map RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 142 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN T R A N S F O R M C IV IL IN F R A S T R U C T U R E IN T O C IV IC A R T PUMP STATIONS Rainfall/ High Tide Event The el~c:tmnir system is situated in a higher level to prevent malfunction in case of big floodings due to hurricanes Biscayne Bay 1 Water Capture I Bar Screen Collects large pieces of litter I Vortex Structure Removes suspended solids I Aeration Chamber Oil collects at top and is removed using vacuum trucks Diagram describes the pump station above ground and the process underground Seawall & Rip Rap New 5.7' NAVD seawall Backflow Preventer Among the many elements that must be accomrno- It is important to screen these unsightly above-ground dated within the public rights-of-way are pump stations elements with attractive fencing and vegetation. But proposed as part of the new slorrnwaler system. this is not enough. Careful attention should be paid to locating these elements so they do not obstruct As the accompanying drawing illustrates, many compo- important sight lines. nents can be accommodated underground, including the filtering systems and aeration chamber. However, Though the below-ground elements are not as obtru certain components must be above ground, including sive, they are extensive. They must be carefully coor the electrical system and back-up generator. dinated with other uses competing for space within the right-of-way. RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 143 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN T R A N S F O R M C IV IL IN F R A S T R U C T U R E IN T O C IV IC A R T STORM WATER ABOVE GROUND FACILITIES - CIVIC INFRASTRUCTURE Walls & Columns Kiosks & Icons Pavilion Structures These vignettes represent a series of small pavilions, kiosks, and follies that house or screen above-ground infrastructure. The intent is to show that the equipment needed to oper ate the Village's mechanical and electrical infra structure can be part of a larger program to beautify the Village streetscape. Some of the pavilions can provide double duty as bus shelters, fountains, and storage units, while also containing / screening transformer boxes and switch panels. RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 144 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN T R A N S F O R M C IV IL IN F R A S T R U C T U R E INT O CIV IC A RT ALYS BEACH, FL The Florida panhandle community of Alys Beach on County Road 30A features a number of civic art pieces in the form of sculptures and architectural pavilions that help mark key loca tions in the comm unity. They also help screen a variety of electrical boxes, transformers, and other functional devices. The Alys Beach "butteries" serve as both iconic gateway structures on 30-A and contain the junction boxes and control panels for the street lighting and irrigation. The gulf front pavilions house beach chair and umbrella storage as well as rest rooms. Retention Lake & Bridge Gateway Pavillion Dune Crossover Pavilion (Restrooms I Resident Storage) RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 145 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN T R A N S F O R M C IV IL IN F R A S T R U C T U R E IN T O C IV IC A R T CORAL GABLES , FL C o ral G a bles is renow ne d for its la ndm a rk coral rock structures, m any of w hich w ere built to serve civic functio ns. T he A lham bra and G ranada Entrances w ere designed to incl ude m aintenance sheds. T he V enetian P ool w as once a rock qua rry. T he "Li ghthouse" along A lham bra C ircl e, built in 19 24, w as actually a w ater tank that w as part of the C ity's dom estic w ater supply system until 19 31. Venetian Pool (former rock quarry) Gateway Pavilions Water Tower RESILI ENCY & FUTURE I Decem ber 6, 2022 146 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN RESILI ENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 147 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN ~ EM PLOY SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES & TACTIC S M itig ate the effec ts o f clim ate change with a range of green strateg ie s fro m inn o vative h igh-tech to tim e-honored passive techniques • Distinguish Between Mitigation and Adaptation Techniques • Reduce and Sequester Carbon • Reduce Heat and Stormwater Run-off • I # •O •'A,,l,j I • I • ·Cf . fil'1.c!.1Qfl iw--"OOW .1ouc,n~Hl\r~ - WXM tT.f !NOt•rcr l).l l'l •GH l PQTllllu.t.fll"SOVJ!~~!>OHikior-~-=:;;;;l!:Jf""E it Tr""""', ....... MtJ>-~- f -~ ~~~:~~ ~~~ tt(\QV(tC l ~ ~ ! .. .. # # #- . #- ~ ...... ... .... _.~~ .... Lake Flato Architects - House Zero, Austin, TX (Net zero) Solar Panels Green Promenade, Highline, NYC RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 148 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E M P L O Y S U S TA I N A B L E S T R AT E G IE S & TA C T IC S CLIMATE CHANGE RESPONSE: REDUCING ITS CAUSES VS ADAPTING TO ITS EFFECTS MITIGATION - SOURCE CHANGE IN BEHAVIOR & TECHNOLOGY ADAPTATION - IMPACT RESPOND TO CHRONIC & CATASTROPHIC EVENTS In the climate change conversation, it is helpful to distinguish between strategies of mitigation and adaptation. Mitigation is focused on averting or reducing climate change. Mitigation efforts are centered around the reduction of carbon emissions. Adaptation, by contrast, takes for granted that a certain amount of change is, at this point, inev itable. For example, sea levels will rise even if we succeed in reducing carbon emissions dra matically. Adaptation is therefore focused on how we respond to the changes, both to the increasing frequency of catastrophic events and to long-term chronic changes. The two approaches are not mutually exclusive. A balance of both is advisable for Key Biscayne, given its exposure to stronger and more frequent coastal storms as well as rising sea levels. F ort ify & D efend A ccom m od ate Photo: Key News/Tony Winton R etre at Clean - Up RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 149 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E M P L O Y S U S TA I N A B L E S T R AT E G I E S & TA C T I C S M IT IG AT IO N S T R AT E G IE S : R E D U C E & S E Q U E S T E R C A R B O N The Village should make use of multiple strategies to help mitigate the impacts of clim ate change. The overarching strategy is the achievem ent of "Net-Zero GHG", i.e., the substantial reduction of greenhouse gases by 2030 and the elim ination by 2050. The following specific strategies will be deployed wherever feasible. Many are inherent to New Urbanist planning approaches. Lake Flato Architects - House Zero, Austin, TX (Net zero) R E D U C E C A R B O N E M IS S IO N S O F E N E R G Y U S E B Y B U IL D IN G S • Reduce heat load on buildings - landscape, shading devices, induced air circulation • Reduce energy needs in building systems • Maxim ize cross-ventilation • Maxim ize daylighting • Prioritize LED lighting • Install high efficiency air-conditioning • Design for building systems automation - smart systems • Commit to buying 'clean energy' from renewable sources • Deploy solar collectors and wind turbines, and provide space for storage batteries. R E D U C E C A R B O N EM IS S IO N S O F E N E R G Y U S E B Y T R A N S P O R TAT IO N • Design to encourage walking to destinations - direct and short pedestrian paths to destinations • Make all streets pedestrian friendly - safe, comfo rtable and interesting • Encourage a variety of modes of mobility - walking, bicycles, golf carts • Encourage transit use - incorporate roofed transit stops for buses, circulators, freebies • Prioritize parking for electrical vehicles (EVs), • Prioritize convenience of parking for visitors over daily users R E D U C E C A R B O N EM IS S IO N S O F W A S T E ST R E A M • Specify re-used and recycled building materials • Reduce waste in construction • Reduce waste in building operations • Facilitate recycling with clear and simple system of facil ities and operations • Compost • Organize a residents and employees re-use market (fur nishings, products) R E D U C E C A R B O N EM ISS IO N S O F EN ER G Y US E FO R WAT E R A N D WA S T E -WAT ER T R E AT M E N T • Install water-saving plumbing and appliances • Design landscape to catch and treat stormwater on site • Recycle water for irrigation (e.g., roof catchment, ale condensate catchment) S E Q U E S T E R C A R B O N • Install shade trees and other landscape materials • Consider carbon sequestering building surface materi als (developing technology) Shade Trees - Florida native trees Coral Way, Miami, FL RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 150 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E M P L O Y S U S TA I N A B L E S T R AT E G I E S & TACTICS T H E V K B E L E VAT E D C O M M U N IT Y H U B - M IT IG AT IN G & A D A P T IN G Townhouses Alley Parking Deck Proposed Storm Water Storage Cham bers Key Biscayne Elevated Community Hub - Proposed M IT IG AT E C LI M AT E C H A N G E (R E D U C E C A R B O N A N D H E AT ) • S olar C ollection • G reen Roofs (heat reduction/ rainw ater collection) • A dditional Parking/ C harging S tations for Electric Vehicles • A dditional accessibility points (encourage w alking to the Hub) • M ore landscaping & shade (reduce heat island effect) G arage Serv ice A lley Upper Level Prom enade A D A P T T O C LI M AT E C H A N G E (M A N A G E W AT E R A N D AVO ID P R O PER T Y D A M A G E ) • Flood Proofing (elevate structures) • Storm W ater managem ent (better drainage and storage of run-off) • U S AG E challenge to address fo rtifying the w est side of the Village . RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 151 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN EMPLOY SUS TAINA BLE STRATEGIES & TACTICS A D A P TAT IO N S T R AT E G IE S : R E D U C E H E AT & S T O R M WAT E R R U N -O F F T h e re is a gro w in g re c o gn itio n that m a n y o f th e im pa cts o f cl im a te chan g e a re in evita b le , eve n w ith ag g re s s ive m itiga tio n effo rts like tho se de s c rib e d o n the prev io us pa g e. T hese im p ac ts inclu de ch ron ic stre s s es, su c h a s th e incre asing he a t isla n d effe ct. T h e im pac ts of h e a vie r rain fa lls w ill be m ag nifi e d b y de cre a sing pe rcola tio n d ue to a rising w a ter ta ble th ro ug h out S o uth Flo rid a. C lim a te chan g e im p a c ts a lso inclu de ca ta stro p h ic sh o cks , su ch as hu rrican e s , w h ich a re lik e ly to in cre a s e in fr e qu e n c y a n d in te n sity due to w arm in g se a te m pe rature s a n d c h a n g in g w e a th e r pa tt ern s. G iv en the in e vita bility o f su ch im pac ts , th e re is a n incre a s in g ly urge n t ne e d to a d a p t o u r d e v e lo p m e nt p ra ctic e s to th e s e ne w c ircu m sta nc e s. T h e fo llo w in g a d a ptatio n stra teg ie s a re g ro up e d b y th e im pa ct th e y a re m e a n t to a d d re s s. T h e se stra te g ie s w ill be im p le m e n te d w h e rever fe a s ib le in th e V illa ge . M a ny a re inhe re n t to N e w U rb anis t p la n n ing a p p ro ac h e s. • M in im ize Im p erm eab le s u rfac es (b u ild in g fo o tp rin ts, flo o r p la te s ize , pa v em e n ts ) • M a x im ize co o l b u il d in g s u rfa c e s - lig h t c o lo rs fo r ro o fs , w a lls , a n d p a ve m e n ts • M ax im ize co o l la n d s c a p e s u rfa ces - pa ve m e n t m in im iz ed , p la n te d g ro u n d c o vers, s h a d e trees , s h ad in g d ev ic e s, w a te r fe a tu re s in p ro x im ity to o u td o o r liv in g a re as . G O A L : PA S S IV E D E C R E A S E O F T E M P E R AT U R E ' • O rient bu ildings to redu ce hea t loa d an d m a xim ize a ir flow (e.g., pro tect w est su rfaces m ost exp osed to hea t loa d) • La n ds cape to m inim iz e he at a bso rp tio n, w ith sha de tre es an d grou n d co ve rs • D ep loy sm art surface s - w hite and green ro ofs, light-col o re d/w hite w alls, to reflect su nligh t • P rovide sh ad e structures fo r public an d private outdoo r sp a ces (e.g ., arca d es, tre llises, lo uvers) • P a ss ively ve n tila te exte rio r spa ces, (chan n elin g south ea sterly bre eze s, V enturi effect, ch im neys tha t draw a ir ve rtically through exte rio r sp aces • D eploy active tem perature redu cers fo r exte rio r public sp ac es (fan s, w ater fo un tain s an d m iste rs) • D esign tra n sitio nal spa ce s to m inim ize hea t load (e.g ., arc a d es, porch es) • C ro s s ven tilate interio r spaces, w ith passive exh a ust system s, o p era ble w indow s (sm a rtcard con nectio n of w ind ow la tch an d H VA C ) • Ins tall high-rate d in sula tio n for interio r air-con ditio n ed sp a ces G O A L : R E D U C E ST O R M WAT ER R U N O F F A N D F L O O D IN G • C atch all rainfall on site, m inim izing accum ulatio ns at grade, enabling evaporation • Landscape ro ofs to catch and hold rainw ater for evap o ration • Land scape gro und surfaces to catch and hold rainw ater fo r percolation and evaporation • M axim ize perm eable pavem ents • Insta ll ci stern s fo r storm w ater storage fo r use in irriga- tion D esign fo r first floor dry or w et flood-proofing - m aterials tha t can w ithstand flooding and are easily cl eaned, utili ties an d equipm ent raised or w ater-pro ofed D esign first floor in anticipation of raising of street eleva tions (floor to ceiling height that can accom m odate future floor ra ising) P ests and diseases: A void standing w ater in landscape and w ate r fea tures to preclude m osquito breeding RESILIENCY & FUTURE I December 6, 2022 152 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN INTEGRATE THE VISION PLAN INTO THE REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ® UPDATE DEVELOPMENT REGULATIONS ® PROMOTE NEW STANDARDS WITH RESIDENT-FRIENDLY TOOLS ® EVALUATE GOALS WITH UPDATED MASTER AND VISION PLANS POLICY & REGULATION I December 6, 2022 155 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN ~ R E V IS E D E V E L O P M EN T REG U LATIO NS . Goals for Land Development Regulations (LDRs) • General Considerations • Existing Zoning • Approach to Changes Zoning Map User-friendly LDRs La n d U se M a p POLICY & REGULATION I December 6, 2022 156 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN UPD ATE D EV ELOPM EN T REGULATIONS GOALS FOR REFORM OF THE LAND DEVELOPMENT REGULATIONS (LDRS) CREATE A RESILIENT AND PEDESTRIAN FRIENDLY VILLAGE We face a challenge in balancing these goals since many traits which make a building safe from flooding make it unfriendly to pedestrians. Goal 1: Improve Resiliency • This goal is well summed up by the Village's resiliency motto: "Ele vating Our Island Paradise". • Reduce homes and commercial areas' vulnerability to flooding. • Elevate habitable space above the flood waters. • Protect ground-level space from frequent rain flooding and storm surge • Absorb and store water to make the Village less susceptible to flooding. • Increase shade with structures and trees to address increased heat. Goal 2: Preserve the character of Key Biscayne, including both social and financial values. • From an urban design perspective, character is created by the pedestrian-friendly quality of the streets and houses. • Houses should face the street and feature visible front entrances and plenty of windows. • Commercial buildings should have shopfronts close to wide pedes trian spaces and streets. • Elevated promenades will create a continuous pedestrian corridor and open spaces above flood elevation. \ \ \ \ -- \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ I \ , \ ' \ \ I \ \ , I \ \ ' \ \ \ Regulations must be updated to balance the conflicting challenges of creating a resilient built environment that maintains a high quality of life for residents. Updated zoning rules must account for quality of life with Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and Florida Building Code requirements. POLICY & REGULATION I December 6, 2022 157 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN U P D ATE D E V ELO PM EN T R E GUL ATION S GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS • T h e V illage C o u n cil changing developm ent regulations is the m o st effec tive w ay to ach ieve go als of im proving the qu a lity of life in the V illage w hile also im proving resiliency. • R e g ulatio ns co ve r tw o d ifferen t realm s, public adm inis te re d a re a s an d private property. • T h e V illage m ust continue to im p ro ve p u b lic areas like stre e ts, parks, an d beach es, incl uding collaborating w ith Fe dera l, C o u n ty, and State partners. How ever, this is a re latively sm all area in the V illage . • Z o n in g re g u lates p riv ate p ro p erty w hich m akes up the va st m ajority of acreage o n the island. E X IS T IN G Z O N IN G R EG U LAT IO N S : • V K B can ta ke prid e in its existing zoning regulations, w hich hav e bee n pe rio dically updated and carefully calibrated ov e r the ye ars in an effo rt to m aintain the character of Key B is c a yn e. • Insofar as a m ajor goal has been to control form, the con ventional m odel of the existing codes is limited. It is fo cused on use rather than form . It relies almost entirely on dense, legalistic language. • Despite the strengths of the existing zoning regulations, they w ill need to be updated in the coming years. • B ecau se the V illage has been so concern ed to m aintain its ex is ting characte r, the existing zoning regulations have been ge are d to w a rds re gulating building form . For exam ple , ro of shapes are highly regulated. S h o rtcom ings: • U nfo rtuna te ly, the existing zo ning regulations are ex trem e ly com ple x. T h ey are diffi cult to diqest for the Form-based public frontage code for Palm Desert, CA av e rage ho m eo w ner - and even fo r the uninitiated pro - fes s ional. T he com ple xity also m akes them challenging to e nfo rce. GROUND- CAF~ LANDSCAPE+ PARKING+ SHARED FLOOR PEDESTRIAN ZONE TRAVEL USE ZONE FURNITURE ZONE: PLANTER ZONE ZONE MULTI-FAMILY: Nor App/icql)/e RESIDENTIAL ! See Appendix A.5 Private 61•8' 6' - 8' Tree wells, 8' parallel Frontage Guidelines. Street furniture to be provided per 5ee Section I Where Applicable; 6' -12' 16'· 18' 3.3 for Srreer Secrion 6; head-in dia9011al Type COMMERCIAL : Additlanally, See Appendix See Section 3 S for OR Standards. 7'• 10' 8' parallel I A.S Private Frontage Srreer landscape Guidelines. Standards Parking lane • Planters (optional) POLICY & REGULATION I December 6, 2022 158 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN U PD ATE D EV ELOP MENT REGULAT IO NS RECOMMENDED CHANGES W hile existing single-fam ily and duplex regulations address flood issues, im pro vem ents should be made to im prove view s from the street at the gro und-level. • Im prove street frontages to ensure a pedestrian-friendly, neighborly quality. • U nderstory Specific recom m endations: • V isible entrances along street frontage • Vestibule at ground floor • V isible stairs • A m inim um percentage of glazing fo r "eyes on the street" w hich deters crim e. • Parking bays separated by colum ns • Finished ceiling to screen all m echanical system s and light sources from the street • Porches: A llow fo r generous projections into the front yard setback • C ase study: existing duplexes along Fern w ood are a good exam ple • Elevate buildings above future flood threats • lncentivize exceeding the m inim um height. The Base Flood Elevation should be considered only a m ini m um . It is based on historical flood data and does not account fo r S ea Level R ise projections. • Incre ase the free board requirem ent above the m ini m um required by N ational Flood Insura nce Program and the Florida Building Code. • Rem ove or update outdated regulations. Historically, the em phasis was on keeping buildings low. This no longer works w ith current resiliency goals. For exam ple, lot and entrance elevations are given as maxi m um s, not as m inim um s. • A dd m in. requirem ents for additional elevation for non-residential properties. The existing code is quite clear on residential properties, but it appears to be mysteriously silent on non-residential properties, even though the M aster Plan is explicit and clear. This w ill be im portant for any redevelopm ent that may occur on the com m ercial properties along C randon. • R etain m ore types of residents • A s the dem ographics of the Village becom e increas ingly w ealthy, many current residents cannot affo rd to stay on the island. Make room fo r the young, seniors, and non-pro fessionals through A ccessory Dwelling U nits w ithout increasing residential density. • A ccom m odate elevated, different types of com m ercial space along Crandon Blvd • Make the adjustm ents necessary to the zoning regu lations to accom m odate the type of resilient buildings envisioned in this plan. Pedestrian-friendly facade for an elevated duplex along Fernwood Rd. Pedestrian-friendly facade for an elevated home along Sabal Palm Dr. POLICY & REGULATION I December 6, 2022 159 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN ~ PROMOTE N E W STANDARDS W ITH RESID EN T -F RIEND LY TOOLS • Form-Based Code • Architectural Design Standards • Seawall Standards • Streetscape Plan • Parks & Green Network Plan -·-. \- STORM SUR.GE Seaside - 1st Form Based Code Seawall Thoroughfares PO LICY & REGULATION I Decem ber 6, 2022 160 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN PR OMOTE N EW STANDAR DS W ITH RESID ENT-F R IEND LY T OOL S FORM-BASED CODE AN ALTERNATIVE WORTH CONSIDERING: Currently, the Village code encourages desirable features through FAR bonuses. However, developers are not required to screen parking or create a pedestrian friendly building. The Village might consider adopting a different Code format in the future that requires certain public benefits and addresses other public benefit bonuses differently than providing more square footage. Regulations should create predictable results. One option is a form-based approach. The main advantage is a more sirnplified, more graphic/visual presentation, that organizes the zoning requirements in a way that makes it Seaside, FL easier for the average resident to comprehend. By being more home-owner -friendly the regulations become easier to enforce. A form-based code also stresses the importance of having a vision for how the public realm should be shaped by the private realm. Rewriting zoning regulations or creating an overlay would be an opportunity to remove inconsistencies, update outdated language, and improve definitions. For example, the distinc tion between 'plot' and 'lot' is obscure and confusing. If a new form-based Code is not deemed appropriate in the short term, it may be advisable to adjust certain regulatory Alys Beach, FL mechanisms. For example, the FAR (floor area ratio), the multiplier used to determine the maximum build-able floor would align with the Village's desire to reduce dependence area, may be replaced with FLR (floor lot ratio). Unlike FAR, on the automobile and encourage alternative modes of trans FLR includes parking in the calculation and thus eliminates portation. the incentives to over-park that FAR often rewards. This Rosemary Beach, FL Coral Gables, FL POLICY & REGULATION I December 6, 2022 161 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN PR OMOTE NEW S TANDAR DS WITH RESIDEN T-FR IENDLY TOOLS ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN CODE Given the Village's strong desire to maintain its charac ter, the Village may consider adopting an architectural design code for com mercial areas. An architectural design code would allow some control over design and enforce a minimum standard. • Option 1: A sim ple architectural code could focus on the basics of design that support a neighborly quality, such as a visible front entrance and the proper amount of glazing. • Option 2: Alternatively, an architectural code could regulate style. Key Biscayne does not have a single architectural style, and never has. It would not be advisable to impose one on the Village at this point. However, the range of archi tecture within the Village does fall broadly into the three categories of South Florida vernacular: • Florida Vernacular • Mediterranean • Miami Modern Individual buildings are most successful when they clearly work within one of these three building traditions. The function of an architectural code could be to require new com m ercial structures to declare which building tradition they will fo llow. The architectural design code would simply require each project to adhere to the tenets of its declared design tradition. Palm Beach VKB Village Hall Florida Vernacular Florida Mediterranean Miami Modern POLICY & REGULATION I December 6, 2022 162 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN PROMOTE NEW STANDARDS WITH RESIDENT-FRIENDLY TOOLS NEW STANDARDS NEW SEAWALL STANDARDS • lncentivize water retention on-site beyond current Village • Establish a minimum height for new and reconstructed sea- standards, (5-year, 1 hour storm). walls that meets or exceeds County requirements. - Be aware that the County is currently considering RIGHT-OF-WAY I STREET STANDARDS a new minimum standard of 6.0 NGVD/7.5 NAVO. • To complement the work that the zoning code does for privately owned land, the Village might consider adopting • Eliminate or raise maximum lot height restrictions. - Maximum lot height is currently limited in VKB to 2.5 ft below Base Flood Elevation (BFE) under "Maxi mum Lot elevation and drainage". - Consider the example of Ft. Lauderdale where the maximum lot height is equal to BFE. - Require new seawalls to be engineered so that they can accommodate a future increase in site height up to the maximum. • Because this matter concerns individual property owners, including many home owners, be sure to draft these new standards in such a way that they are comprehensible to non-professionals. • Include examples and details of non-standard approaches, including living shorelines, living seawalls, and alternative materials, such as glass reinforced polymer concrete. WATER RETENTION STANDARDS • lncentivize reduced lot coverage to allow additional water retention. • lncentivize additional water storage tanks in understories. thoroughfare standards for its publicly owned streets. • The majority of the Village's public land is in the form of rights-of-way for streets. • Not only do these have a tremendous aesthetic impact on the Village, defining its character, but these same rights-of way will be receiving a tremendous amount of infrastructure improvements related to resilience improvements. • These thoroughfare standards would be a tremendously valuable tool as the Village attempts to coordinate all of its infrastructure improvements. They would be a tool for keep ing the focus on the importance of the pedestrian experience. • Currently, the Village's Comp Plan classifies its streets pri marily based on vehicular traffic volume. • The new thoroughfare standards should balance the needs of vehicles with those of pedestrians and other modes of transportation. • They should provide a model for incorporating the new pro posed green infrastructure. POLICY & REGULATION I December 6, 2022 163 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN PROMOTE NEW STAN DARDS W ITH RESIDENT-FRIENDLY TOOLS PARKS The Village should be applauded for its persistent efforts Even as the Village pursues more active recreational over the years to improve and expand its parks and rec- space, which is desperately needed, it should not lose reational facilities. Continue to • Prioritize acquisition of land for local parks within the Village • Optimize the use of existing park space sight of the importance of passive recreational space. • Rethink rights-of-way to include more linear park connections between nodal parks • Create an Integrated Comprehensive Parks and Green Network Plan Continue to pursue various park and recreational proj • Seek more opportunities to collaborate with local ects: churches and other property owners that own usable land. • Given the need for flood protection along the Active uses: Following the decommissioning of several, heavily used playing fields in Crandon Park, VKB has a deficit of active recreational spaces. The Village should persist in its efforts to secure additional facilities. • A limited amount of additional recreational space might be located within the Village through cre ative public-private ventures. In particular, if the Village drafts new regulations governing com mercial property along Crandon, it should seek to incorporate both passive and active recreational space. The proposed designs within this Vision document suggest some possibilities. • Outside of the Village boundaries, Crandon Park is the most realistic alternative location for new playing fields for geographical reasons. The Village should redouble its efforts to encourage amend ments to the Crandon Park Master Plan border with Crandon Park west of Crandon Bou levard, a new earthen berm could be combined with a new nature trail from Calusa Park to the Bay. • Calusa Park and Calusa Playhouse Biscayne Bay 0 ® ®~~ 0§i • .. • • • / 14 . ... : .@ • . . . . .. 0~: •• 00 • :: 0 ······§= • Q. 1 • . . . . . . . . '=© • (1g) . t!j''!" fa) 0?~~~~ •1 • •o • •• 0 ·· .. • . • . . • • . . . -~ \ Straits of Florida 1. Village Green Park 2. Hampton Park 3. Butterfly Corridor 4. K-8 Park 5. Paradise Park 6. Lake Park 7. East Enid Linear Park 8. Beach Park 9. Harbor Park 10. Cape Florida Linear Park 11. Potential Elevated Parks 12. Potential Presbyterian Site Park 13. Calusa Park 14. Entry Block - Park Option 15. Botanical Garden 16. Crandon Sports Facilities Park 17. Crandon Park 18. Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park 19. Potential Bayside Access at Bridge 20. Library Park 21. Hacienda Canal Park 22. Potential Bayside Access at Pines Canal 23. Potential Bayside Access PO LI C Y & REG U LATIO N I Decem ber 6, 2022 164 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN EVALUATE GOALS W ITH UPDATED MASTER & VISION PLANS • Comprehensive / Master Plan • Evaluation and Appraisal Report (EAR) • Streetscape Masterplan • Vision Plan I MASTER PLAN Adopted by the Village ounc]! (Ordinance 93-8) 011 September 12, I 99~ Accepted by the Plorida Deparunent ol'Community Affairs on October 20, 1995 Amended through December ~, 2008 R rff ISCAYNE 2018 Evaluation and Appraisa l Report (EAR) of the Comp rehen.ive Plan "1pa,tdt,, THE CORRADINO GROUP Pu1 01UJiliu1lal luf\.n1.11allujl. Bulldlng, Zoning and Planning Depnruncnt Vill:lgc of Key Biscayne RS Wesi Mel ntyre Street Key Biscayne, Plorlda 33149 / (305)365-5511 / ', Pax: (305) 365-5556 / , , Internet: hltp://www.koybiKaync.O.pov ~----------~/ E valuation and App raisal Report Com prehensive (M aster) Plan Precedent - 2020 Vision Plan POLICY & REGULATION I December 6, 2022 165 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN E VA L UAT E G O A L S W IT H U P D AT ED P L A N S COMPREHENSIVE PLAN, EAR, STREETSCAPE MASTERPLAN & VISION PLAN C O M P P L A N (M A S T E R P L A N ) • The Com prehensive Plan (or 'Com p Plan', also referred to as the 'M aster Plan' in VKB) is a legal document required by the State of Florida. It is due for an update. • General urban design goals could be set out in this • It should be updated based on the 2018 Evaluation E VA L U AT IO N A N D A P P R A IS A L R E P O R T and Appraisal Report (EAR). See below. • The Evaluation and Appraisal Report (EAR) is a periodic analysis of the goals, objectives, and pol- icies set forth in the Village's Master Plan (com prehensive plan) required by State law. The State of Florida requires each city to produce an EAR every seven years. The Village's las EAR was due to the State in July2018. The EAR evaluates each Element of the plan and suggest amendments to the plan. Once the EAR is submitted to the State and they accept, the Village has one year to com plete the amendments. docum ent. Over tim e, they could be incorporated into the land development regulations. • The Village's Comprehensive Plan, like many com- prehensive plans, is a massive docum ent that is difficult to digest. While it contains many laudable policies, the opaqueness of the docum ent does little to help im plement these policies. • As VKB approaches an update to its Comprehen sive Plan, as mandated by Florida State law, the • Improving housing • Coordinating utilities • Encourage appropriately-scaled building Village m ay consider a new approach described in S T R E E T S C A P E M A S T E R P L A N the Lean Comp Plan Tool. This toolkit will facilitate • The Village should consider creating a streetscape editing, or even rewriting, the existing Comp Plan masterplan to harmonize multiple sub-surface drain- to be a leaner, more effective, and easier-to-read document. Direct language will transform the Comp Plan into a document that can help advance numer ous planning objectives, such as: • Sustainability, including strategies fo r both mitiga tion of and adaptation to climate change • Directing investment toward areas of greatest impact age and infrastructure projects with a plan for how the surface of the streets in the Village will look and feel. This plan will accommodate underground improvements, consider swale designs, improve sur face run-off, harmonize street designs with private property, consider traffic flows and possible one way streets, sidewalks, trees, and other landscape. D P Z CQDESIGN V IS IO N PL A N • This Vision Plan follows in a tradition of documents intended to cast a wider vision on what is possible and desired by the residents of the Village. Unlike the Land Development Regulations (LDRs), the Comp Plan, and the EAR, this document is not mandated by law. This is an opportunity for the Village to imagine what it wants to become. • This Vision Plan may be used in the coming years to help shape the bind ing legal documents. Reform of the Comp Plan ("Master Plan") and will help reshape the LDRs in time. • The Vision Plan is a living document which will be amended occasionally to accommodate the changing demographics and characteristics of the community. POLICY & REGULATION I December 6, 2022 166 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN S U PP O R T T H E V IS IO N P L A N W ITH C O M M U N IT Y-O R IEN TE D M A N A G EM EN T P R A C TIC E S ~ . REINFORCE SECURITY ~ INSPIRE COMMUNITY ACTIVISM & YOUTH ENGAGEMENT ~ OPTIMIZE PARKING & PEAK-HOUR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT ~ PRESERVE THE ENVIRONMENT & HERITAGE STRUCTURES C O M M U N ITY & M A N AG EM ENT I D ecem ber 6, 2022 169 DPZ CoDESIG N I TH E KEY BISCAYNE VISIO N PLAN {J1:) REINFORCE SECURITY C a lib ra te b o th d e s ig n a n d c o m m u n ity su rve illa n c e p ra c tic es to th e Villa g e c o n ditio n s • Cop On A Bike • Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) • Monitoring(cameras) Events on the Green C O M M U N IT Y & M A N AG EM ENT I D ecem ber 6, 2022 CPTED Cop on a Bike 170 DPZ CoDESIG N I TH E KEY BISC AYN E VISIO N PLAN R E IN F O R C E S E C U R IT Y COP ON A BIKE The Village of Key Biscayne is fortunate to provide its residents with a strong sense of security. Parents feel comfortable allowing their children to roam freely, a rare phenomenon in South Florida. One strong contributing factor to this comfort level is a robust, effective, and well funded police force with a close relationship to the commu nity. However, despite the efficacy of the police department crime prevention is a moving target, and Key Biscayne has its challenges. Recent upswings in crime nationally are bound to have some spillover, even into a place as safe as Key Biscayne, as some recent incidents illustrate. The Village should consider a "cop on a bike" program. The scale of the community lends itself to having police officers perform their routine surveillance routes on bicy cles. Having it known that bicycle patrols are a regular, visible feature, both day and night, can serve as an extra crime deterrent. COMMUNITY & MANAGEMENT I December 6, 2022 171 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN R E IN F O R C E S E C U R IT Y CPTED PRINCIPLES FOR THE VILLAGE l Village Green Fitness C O M M U N ITY & MANAGEMENT I December 6, 2022 As the Village moves forward, it should avoid a trap that some communities have fallen into, of relying primarily on police enforcement for security. Enforcement, to be sure, is critical, and must be done consistently and thoughtfully, but security can also be improved tremendously through design. In fact, design solutions tend to prevent crime in the first place. The Village's sense of security is fortunately aided by a cou ple of factors with physical implications: • The island is accessed by a single roadway. When criminals assess potential targets, they generally prefer to have multiple escape routes. In Key Biscayne, everyone must enter and exit using Crandon Blvd. An increased level of police presence at the entry to the Village has proven effective. • Village residents have successfully created a very active civic core that his highly utilized from early morning into the evening hours, with community events at the Village Green and the Community Center. These examples illustrate two principles of CPTED (Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design)-natural access control & social management. The other three principles are natural surveillance, territorial reinforcement, and main tenance. CPTED is sometimes summed up as "designing out crime" and makes use of architecture, urban design, and facility management to deter crime and foster a sense of safety. A CPTED survey of the Village Green, Beach Park, Hampton Park, Lake Park, the Chabad and other parks has already been conducted. It has highlighted problem areas and made practical suggestions. For example, overgrown vegetation offers places for a criminal to hide. The report recommends keeping a zone between 2 and 6 feet above the ground mostly clear by trimming back low plants and the underside of tree canopies. This increases visibility. The Village might consider additional CPTED surveys throughout the Village, especially in areas where crime has occurred or where there is a perception of danger. 172 DPZ CoDESIGN I TH E KEY BISC AYN E VISIO N PLAN R E IN F O R C E SEC U R ITY CPTED PRINCIPLES: CRIME PREVENTION THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN Natural Defence: Garden District buildings with frequent windows and balconies overlook the public sidewalk. NATURAL SURVEILLANCE "Eyes on the Street" • Place windows / balconies to overlook sidewalks and other public spaces. • Avoid blank walls and hedges that conceal. • Design streets to increase pedestrian and bike use. NATURAL TERRITORIAL REINFORCEMENT Convey a Clear Sense of Ownership & Occu pation • Define residential yards with plantings & low walls. • Provide seating in public areas (occupation of space). • Make public parks/ plazas visible & accessi- ble to adjacent sidewalks & streets. Natural Defence: On-street loading with blank walls discourages pedestrian use. Natural Territorial Reinforcement: Lake park with no visibility from Crandon Blvd. or the sidewalks. Natural Territorial Reinforcement: Home with well defined private space. COMMUNITY & MANAGEMENT I December 6, 2022 173 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN ·R EINFORCE SECURITY CPTED PRINCIPLES: CRIME PREVENTION THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN Social Management: Farmers Market SOCIAL MANAGEMENT "Promote Activities that Establish a Public Pres ence" • Parks & Recreation • School Activities • Fairs & Farmers Mar kets • Special Community / Chamber of Com merce Events Maintenance: Office Building Parking Lot Maintenance: Crandon Blvd Sidewalk Social Management: Village Center Playground C O M M U N ITY & MAN AG EM ENT I Decem ber 6, 2022 MAINTENANCE "Zero Tolerance for Improper Maintenance" • Keep Public Areas Clean & Orderly • Repair Infrastructure (broken sidewalks / outdated street lighting) Social Management: VKB's Children's Business Fair 174 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN G'.) INSPIRE COMMUNITY ACTIVISM & YOUTH ENGAGEMENT F oster com m unity spirit, en courag e civic participatio n an d em p ow er th e next g eneration • Good Governance • Community Engagement & Volunteerism • Youth Programs Com m unity Event COMMUNITY & MANAGEMENT I December 6, 2022 Youth Pro gram s New Business Opening 176 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN INS PIRE CO M M UNITY A C TIV ISM & Y O U TH ENG AGE M ENT GOOD GOVERNANCE G O V E R N A N C E P R O C E S S The mayor and Village Council, either prior to, or at the first regular Council meeting after each election, should have an orientation session. The agenda should include: • Explain general operational procedures of our Coun cil-Manager form of government • Presentations by the Village Manager, Village Attor ney, and Village Clerk • Make reference to the Village Charter and other resources or Village framework documents. • Review the Vision Plan and updates on Goals & Objectives. • Review boards, committees, and other ways resi dents may get involved and have access to Council Members, administration, and other Village resources. /\s the Village of Key Biscayne enters its fourth decade, this new biennial tradition would be an opportunity to incor porate our rich historical context. COMMUNITY & MANAGEMENT I December 6, 2022 P R O F E S S IO N A L D E V E L O P M E N T The International City / County Management Association (ICMA) provides opportunities to connect with other local government peers to learn what other well-run municipal ities are doing and how. The Village Manager should be encouraged to join the ICMA and obtain accreditation. The Mayor and Council members should be encouraged to learn about how other municipalities seek innovative solutions to similar challenges and govern successfully. Administrators should be encouraged to participate in con tinuing education and attend conferences . Creating mento ring opportunities for future leaders could provide recurring benefits to our community and beyond. Other organizations that can provide continuing education resources for the Village Manager and Staff include: • International City/ county Management Association: icma.org • Florida League of Cities: www.floridcllcagueofcities. com • National League of Cities: www.nlr..org Village Hall Complex Village Plaza 177 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN IN S P IR E C O M M U N IT Y A C T IV IS M & Y O U T H E N G A G E M E N T CIVIC INFRASTRUCTURE = COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT & VOLUNTEERISM A great comm unity has engaged residents. The Village of Key Biscayne has been privileged by having engaged residents who value the Village government and its history. Elected official and staff must continue to view this as an asset and do everything they can to support ongoing engagement of residents. The process for how we move forward as a community includes resident connec tivity and instilling pride of ownership. Residents should think of the Village of Key Biscayne as "ours". Each Village Council and Village Administration should review: • How residents' grassroots initiatives and ideas could be supported by governm ent, but not necessarily run by government. • Engagement, how are and how should people be engaged: with their gov enment, within their community, with their community needs and wants, and with each other. REFERENCES: • National Civic League: www.nationalcivicleague.org • Public Agenda: www.publicagenda.org • Community Workshop, LLC Vermont: www.vlct.org/book/export/html/11284 • The Edge, U. S. Housing and Urban Development, Policy Development and Research magazine: https://www.huduser.gov/portal/pdredge/pdr_ edge_home.html 4th o f July P a rad e COMMUNITY & MANAGEMENT I December 6, 2022 178 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN IN S P IR E C O M M U N IT Y A C T IV IS M & Y O U T H E N G A G E M E N T YOUTH PROGRAMS Organized youth athletic programs (team sports) have been an important part of the Key Biscayne comm unity since the 1950's. Their ever-increasing popularity has outpaced the Village's ability to find and provide sufficient active recre ational spaces. The Village should continue to seek addi tional facilities aggressively. Suggestions fo r other types of structured activities include a skate park, night baseball, and a battle of the bands. Business owners and our Village government could provide internship opportunities. Such "on the job" educational/work experiences for high school students m ay prove m eaningful and timely as they evaluate options pertaining to their college and career decisions. It is important to foster a sense of self-reliance, community, and an understanding of governance am ong the Village youth. It was suggested that they be provided the oppor tunity to govern them selves. The age group envisioned in this idea would be middle school through high school. A youth council is one mechanism of such engagement. An essential element from a policy perspective will be to reach and ask our youth, as many of them as possible, what activities they want. C O M M U N IT Y & M A N AG EM ENT I Decem ber 6, 2022 As part of putting youth self-governance into action, a par ticular public space could be provided at specific times. For example, on Friday and/or Saturday evenings the des ignated area might consist of the Community Center and Paradise Park. A wide variety of programs could be offered during that time. With graduated levels of responsibility, depending upon the age group, and assistance/guidance from appropriate adult professionals including, for example, social workers and Village recreation department staff, the idea is to turn over the operations of that area both inside the building and outside to a youth governing body. To provide programming for the youth of all Key Biscayne families, and for this concept to be successful, it should be welcoming and inclusive of all abilities and reflect the many diverse interests of our youth at the time, both individual and group activities. Just as the participants will change as each school year goes by, this program will need to evolve and be responsive to input. This community places great value and shared responsibil ity upon ihe development of our youth, our most precious resource and impressionable residents. Play Field at the Village Green Community Center & Pool 179 DPZ CoDESIG N I TH E KEY BISC AYN E VISIO N PLAN G) OPTIMIZE PARKING & PEAK-HOUR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT C o o rd ina te the Village p arking needs for each mode of trevel a n d pro ac tively ad d res s the high traffic volum es at peak school ho u rs • Car Parking • Golf Cart Parking • Personal Transport Parking • School Shuttles Golf Cart Parking COMMUNITY & MANAGEMENT I December 6, 2022 Surface Car Parking Personal Transport Parking 180 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN O P T IM IZ E PA R K IN G & P E A K -H O U R T R A FFIC M A N A G EM EN T CURRENT PARKING INVENTORY PARKING LOT CAPACITIES This prelim inary parking analysis by the Village S taff begins to identify the locations of public car and cart parking. The map depicts the gen eral lack of on-street car and cart parking to the east of Crandon Boulevard, and indicates other areas of the Village that are under served. Public parking spots are those spots located on public property or within the right-of-way adjacent to streets. C om m ercial parking spots are privately owned, but generally available to any custom ers . • Public C ars: 341 • Public Golf C arts: 52 • C om m ercial C ars: 1,376 • C om m ercial Golf C arts: 20 • Church C ars: 248 • C hurch Golf C arts: 3 • C ars • Golf C arts ..... Parallel Parking S ource: Vill ag e of K ey Biscayne Parking Location k#i;J.,1---•• @t•~il4iJ.t @lf+i;J.iiH;JH:Jli f:~ffi;J., ifiiuJ., , •tMiJ.i kkiiJ.i 1!1:lf4iJ.j 11•tm;J.t ili@;J.t 30 CAR, 6 GOLF CARTS • @Jct•)•lf-i;ji,i tM •)•#iiii-i t@•111i+i;J1., il@ ;J.W .] •J@ ;J.W COMMUNITY & MANAGEMENT I December 6, 2022 181 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN O P TIM IZE PARK ING & PEAK-HO UR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT CAR PARKING Car Parking COMMUNITY & MANAGEMENT I December 6, 2022 Key Biscayne is at a crossroads when it comes to parking, in particular parking for conventional, full-size vehicles. There is clearly much less supply than demand, but the options are limited for providing additional parking spaces without major changes to existing buildings or further com promising the streetscapes and walkability. In this Vision Plan the commercial areas, in time, will have enough parking in the new understory. It is important to note that this parking is a side benefit of the scheme and not the driver of design. The Village is under no obliga tion to maximize parking in the understory. In fact, park ing can be regulated to any number of spaces chosen by the Village. As described elsewhere in this report, there are many reasons to elevate the commercial district as an adaptation to sea level rise and storm surge apart from parking. In the short run, the question of whether to provide more parking is a challenging one. There are growing constitu encies within the Village that are reluctant to provide more because they recognize the trade-offs. Parking for full-size vehicles takes up a lot of space. It tends to be unattractive and a barrier to walkability. The paving is often impervious. The pursuit of more parking spaces tends to be a moving target. As the parking supply is increased and made eas ier, demand tends to increase while use of other modes of transportation decreases and increases traffic. The Village must decide on which direction it wants to take. If it wants to encourage the use of alternative modes of transportation, such as bicycles and electric vehicles, it should perhaps focus more of its energy and limited resources into accommodating these than conventional, full-size vehicles. Fortunately, it is possible to make the existing parking spaces more available without increasing the number of parking spaces. This can be achieved through the imple mentation of a well-run, modern metered parking system. As discussed in The High Cost of Free Parking by Prof. Donald Shoup, parking may be priced in such a way that there are always a few spaces available. The price should be adjusted as necessary to ensure that this is the case. For the system to be effective, the price of parking must be neither too high - in which case there will be too many empty spaces - nor too low - in which case there will be too few. Municipalities across the country have implemented this practice with great success, including Houston, Seattle, Austin, Pasadena, Los Angeles, Washington, D.C., and many other smaller towns. In addition to increasing the availability of parking spaces, the approach tends to gen erate more revenue for the local municipality, though this is a side-benefit and not the goal. The prices, which tend to be higher, also encourage folks to use other means of transportation, such as bicycles or walking. This approach can be applied to specific areas in the Village that are highly used and under pressure - for example around the Village Green, Village Center, commercial areas along Crandon, and beach parking. 182 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN O P T IM IZ E PA R K IN G & P E A K -H O U R T R A F F IC M A N A G EM E N T GOLF CART PARKING S ince th e prio r V isio n pla n, the use of go lf carts in the V illage has exp an ded exponentially. T his has m any bene fit s . B ecause they are sm aller, they require less space for pa rking. B ec a use m o st of them are electric, they are quieter a n d les s pollu tin g . B ecau se they m ove slow ly, they pose le s s of a threa t to pe destrians and bicyclists. T hey provide a n aff ord ab le tran sp o rtatio n option to m any w ho cannot d rive full-size autom o b iles. H o w e ve r, the use of go lf carts also brings new challenges. S o m e parents allow the ir unde ra ge, unlicensed children to drive go lf carts illegally. T his is dangerous and law less. S o m e re sidents park the ir golf carts opportunistically and ille ga lly in w a ys th at m ay blo ck traffi c or inconvenience othe rs. H ow ever, on the w ho le , tho advantages outw eigh the dis ad va nta ges. T he challe nges can be m anaged in tim e w ith be tt e r re gu la tio n and design. T he V ill age should not m erely ac c om m odate , but actively encourage the use of golf carts a nd oth e r ele ctric veh icles. It is w orth rem em bering that it to o k tim e to tam e the autom obile. O ur cultural and insti tutio n al lea rn ing cu rve w ill, no doubt, be faster for these veh icl es. COMMUNITY & MANAGEMENT I December 6, 2022 Tw o standard-sized golf carts can fit in a standard vehicle parking space, m aking parking for golf carts and regular vehicles interchangeable. In a standard head-in parking space, the golf carts should stagger themselves w ith one pulling forward and one staying back. In a standard parallel parking space, the golf carts should pull head in. This is a cultural issue. O ver time, as usage increases, local drivers w ill learn the etiquette. In the meantime, the V illage has already passed an ordinance requiring golf carts to park head-in in parallel spots. The Village could install signage to help drivers understand how to park better. The advantage of this coincidence is that parking spaces can be flexible and do not necessarily need to be re-striped and dedicated to a speci fic usage. Golf Cart Parking 183 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN OP TIM IZE PAR K ING & PE A K-HO UR TRA FFIC MANA GE MENT PERSONAL TRANSPORT PARKING MAST Academy Bicycle Parking COMMUNITY & MANAGEMENT I December 6, 2022 Key Biscayne has some bicycle infrastructure and also lends itself to other personal transport vehicles such as scooters. Other sections of the Vision Plan address the need to safely manage bicycles, micro-mobility, and pedestrians, includ ing improvements to Crandon Boulevard. Ideas on p. 137 show examples to seperate bike and scooters from pedes trians and cars. Ideas on p. 78 show design solutions for discouraging scooters and bicycles from using sidewalks. Many other streets have low levels of traffic that tends to be slow-moving and can accomodate cars and bicycles. Nonetheless, many daily needs can be accessed via a short ride, though Key Biscayne suffers from a lack of good bicy cle parking. This problem is easily solved. First, bicycle parking should be mandated in the Code, just as vehicle parking is. Second, the Village should adopt bicy cle parking standards. It is not hard to install bicycle parking well, but it is so often done poorly. Third, given the limited parking for full-size vehicles, other personal transport vehicles should be encouraged. The Village should consider adopting sharing systems that employ electric, speed-governed, motorized personal transport vehi cles, such as "micro-mobility" devices. These can be made available for short term rentals and would discourage the use of cars within the Village. Improved parking must come with improved design and regulation to ensure safety for micro-mobility users, pedes trians, and vehicles. Bicycle Parking 184 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN O PTIM IZE PARK IN G & P EAK -HO U R TRA FFIC MAN A GEM ENT SCHOOL SHUTTLES K ey Biscayne's single roadw ay access m akes fo r m orn ing and aftern oon traffi c congestion to and from the area schools. M any V illage residents attend M/\ST /\cadem y on the C ausew ay, as w ell as C oral G ables H igh S chool and various private schools on the m ainland. M eanw hile, m ainland students also attend private schools in the V illage. A solution discussed during the w orkshop w ould be to pro vide a V illage-sponsored shuttle, ideally an electric vehicle, to help m ake the school traffi c hours m ore orderly . • To alleviate com m uter tra ffic volum es and m inim ize peak hour bottlenecks, the fo llow ing is one possible system : • A shuttle travels on a loop betw een the V illage G reen and M A ST A cadem y, w ith a stop at C alusa Park on the return to the V illage. • C alusa Park and the V illage G reen serve as pick up and drop off spots. This shutt le could be part of the Village trolley system described in the transportation discussion in the Place & D esign chapter and further assist in distributing arriving m ainland students to their respective cam puses. COMMUNITY & MANAGEMENT I December 6, 2022 Village students going to M A ST m ay w alk, bike, or take the V illage trolley to either pick-up location. Another parallel solution is to have the V illage act as fa ci l itator in identifying and organizing private shuttle services that could be retained by the fam ilies of students attending the m ainland private schools. MA S T A cad em y Electric Bus 185 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN {1:) P R E S E R V E N AT U R A L S Y S T E M S & H E R ITA G E S T R U C T U R E S M o nito r and s a feg ua rd th e h ea lth of the ecosystem s an d leg acy infrastru ctu re on the is land o f Key B iscay n e • Partnerships • Land Acquisition and Parks Conservancy • Historic Landmarks Village Green Park COMMUNITY & MANAGEMENT I December 6, 2022 The Cape Florida Light Crandon Park 186 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN P R E S E R V E N AT U R A L S Y S T E M S & H E R ITA G E S T R U C T U R E S PARTNERSHIPS The Village occupies the island of Key Biscayne with two major regional parks with whom they share both a past history and an intertwined future with regards to confront ing the environmental challenges that lie ahead. It is in the best interest of the Village to foster strong relationships with these entities, particularly in lighl or the flood-proofing ini tiatives associated with the shoreline reinforcement project by the USACE that will involve the entire island. One of the ideas in this Vision Plan involves the creation of walking trails within Crandon Park to access the bay. The Plan also suggests that these walking paths could be incorporated atop a berm in order to help provide future flood proofing along the northern boundary of the Village. M aintaining a dialogue with the managers of Crandon Park is essential fo r the Village. Located at the north end of Crandon Park, the Biscayne Nature Center is a private, non-profit organization that has been educalinq generations of Miami Dade County students about South Florida coastal habitat since 1969. Planning social and educational events that engage with the BNC is an opportunity that the Village should pursue, especially involving children . The Village of Key Biscayne is itself the gateway to Bill Baggs State Park. Though over half the boundary line that separates the two consists of water, the southeastern corner of the Village is another location that will likely need a berm to provide flood -proofing during storm surges. COMMUNITY & MANAGEMENT I December 6, 2022 A collaboration with the State will be necessary in this effort. This discussion could be part of a larger Village program to assist the State Park with the preservation of its landscape in the face of sea-level rise. Crandon Park Bill Baggs State Park Biscayne Nature Center 187 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN P R ESE RVE NATURAL S YSTEM S & H ERITAGE STRUC TU R ES LAND ACQUISITION AND PARKS CONSERVANCY School children at Hampton Park getting a chance to roll up their sleeves as they are taught how to plant a butterfly garden (2016). COMMUNITY & MANAGEMENT I December 6, 2022 The Village may consider supporting the establishment of a Parks Conservancy for Key Biscayne. "Conservancies are private, non-profit, park-benefit organizations that raise money independent of the city and spend it under a plan of action that is mutually agreed upon with the city. Conservancies do not own any parkland nor do they hold easements on it; the land continues to remain in the ownership of the city, and the city retains ultimate authority over everything that hap pens there." (Governing Urban Park Conservancies, 2009). A Conservancy would be separate from the dedicated Parks and Recreational Open Spaces Lands Trust Fund. The fund was established in 2011 to acquire additional land for parks and recreation. The Fund is financed by a 1% ad valorem tax and is advised by the Parks and Open Space Advisory Board. The Trust Fund contributed to the acquisition of Harbor Park. The mandate of the proposed Parks Conservancy would be broader than the Trust Fund. It would be a vehicle for public engagement. In addition to the acquisition of new park land, the Conservancy might help pursue the restoration and improvement of existing park facilities and plantings. Embrac ing a "By neighbors, for neighbors" hands on approach both literally and figuratively-to our civic network of parks and open spaces, the spectrum of responsibilities could range from tackling a specific capital project at one park to undertaking ongoing maintenance of multiple parks. Engag ing qualified professionals to perform work and sponsoring volunteer activities for adults and students can be under the umbrella of a Parks Conservancy. Conducting on-site edu cational sessions at a park and Village-wide walking nature tours would rekindle social bonds among neighbors at these public gathering places. The Parks Conservancy would have a close working rela tionship with Village elected officials and staff. "The best way to insure success is through a formal agreement defin ing both parties' roles, often in the form of a memorandum of understanding (MOU)."* Among the special initiatives that could be undertaken by the Conservancy, which would be able to accept tax-deductible donations, are the following: • Spearheading a fundraising campaign, with Village support, for the acquisition of a specific parcel of land for the creation of a park. • Being the recipient of donations from vendors for var ious materials, such as plants and horticultural sup plies, for our public parks. • Writing grant applications to private sector companies and founda- tions and providing support for Village-ini tiated grant applications. • Teaching correct selection and planting techniques to our home gardener residents and school children via hands on classes. • Expanding Village-wide our butterfly attracting plants corridor. • Preservation of natural areas; managing invasive spe cies removal. Trust for Public Land: www. tpl. comlresources/pub/ic-spacesprivatemoney 188 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN PRESERVE NATURAL SYSTEMS & HERITAGE STRUCTURES HISTORIC LANDMARKS Florida Cape Light Calusa Playhouse A special project that should be prioritized is to further the connection to those very few historic structures that define Key Biscayne's past. A commitment to saving these older buildings could heighten awareness to the impacts of sea level rise and other environmental threats. At the very min imum, the Village should safeguard the preservation of the following landmarks: The Cape Florida Light is the oldest structure in Miami-Dade County. It has a storied past that dates to 1825. It has been damaged repeatedly. Many efforts have been made over the years to preserve and shore up the lighthouse and the cot tages around it, including the stone jetties and new founda tion installed by John Deering. The Calusa Playhouse played a key role in the first 4 decades of Village cultural life. As documented in this report, today only the front facade remains, but its restoration could cata lyze the creation of a new cultural and community resource as part of a revitalized Calusa Park. The Key Biscayne Beach Club is a private entity, but one that has played a vital role in the Village's social life since 1952. Originally limited to only the buyers of the early Mackle Homes, today that membership limitation has been softened to include all Key Biscayne residents. Constructed in 1958, and inaugurated on January 28th, 1959, the Beach Club club house is an example of mid-century design by Miami architect Robert Fitch Smith, the first Dean of the School of Architecture at the University of Miami. Most notable are the clubhouse terrazzo floors with embedded shuffleboard layouts. COMMUNITY & MANAGEMENT I December 6, 2022 189 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN T H E IM P L E M E N TAT IO N M AT R IX VILLAGE ACTION PLAN PROJ ECT NAM E 1 PA RA DISE PARK 2 NEW CO UNTY • LIB RA RY 3 BEA CH PA RK 4 HA RB O R PARK 5 CRA NDO N BLVD. & HA RBO R DR. INTERSECTI O N 6 ST.A G NES 7 CA LUS A TRA IL & BO ARDW A LK 8 THE V ILLA G E GA TEW A Y 9 GA RDEN DISTRICT 10 BAYSIDE PARK PRODUCT IMPLEMENTERS FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS FINANCING, GRAN TS & TIMING FUNDS Ope n Space / Park VKB VKB VKB Under Const ruction Vehicular Infrast ructure/ COUNTY COUNTY COUNTY In progress Public Art O pe n Space / Park VKB VKB VKB In progress O pen Space / Park VKB VKB VKB In progress Vehicular Infrast ructu re/ VKB VKB VKB In progress Traffi c Enhancem ent Indoor Gym nasium , reconfiguring outdoor Prope rty Ow ners/ VKB Prope rty Ow ners/ VKB Prope rty Owners/ VKB In progress playing field. (turf) Boardw alk, Bike trail to COUNTY/VKB COUNTY/VKB COUNTY/VKB Mid-term W ater Ov al Roundabout FDOT/VKB FDOT/VKB FOOT/ GRAN TS / Short-term Prope rty Ow ners O pe n Space / Park VKB VKB VKB Mid to Long-term O pe n Space / Park / W ater VKB VKB Prope rty Ow ners/ VKB / Mid to Long-term Access oth ersTB D COMMUNITY & MANAGEMENT I December 6, 2022 19 1 DPZ CoDESIGN I THE KEY BISCAYNE VISION PLAN T H E IM P L E M E N TAT IO N M AT R IX VILLAGE ACTION PLAN P R OJ E C T N AM E P R O D U C T IM P LE M E N TE R S FEAS IB ILITY AN AL Y S IS FIN AN C IN G , G R AN TS & TI M IN G A B B R E V IA T IO N S : FU N D S V K B - V IL LA G E O F KEY BISC A Y N E R obu st Infra str u c ture / G rants / Tl F / P ro pe rty FIN D - FLO R ID A IN LA N D N A V IG A T IO N D ISTR IC T 11 R E S IL IE N T C O M M U N ITY H U B P a rk ing & R aise d C irc ula tion P rope rty Ow ne rs/ V K B P3 /V K B Ow ners/V K B M id to Long-term C IP - VILLA G E C A P IT A L IM P R O V EM EN T FU N D S C ITT - C O U N T Y TR A N S IT FU N D S FO O T - FLO R ID A D EPA R T M EN T O F T RA N SPO R T A T IO N 12 E L E V A TI O N O F P U B L IC R IG H T S -O F -W A Y H igh e r st re e ts to av oid V K B V K B V K B / C IP / G R A N TS M id to Long-term P3 - PU B LI C -P R IV A T E PA R T N ER SH IP flood ing TI F - TA X IN C R EM EN T FIN A N C IN G U S A C E - U S A R M Y CO R P S O F EN G IN EERS 13 L 'E S P LA N A D E M A L L T R A N S F O R M A TI O N Ass ist e d Li ving P rope rty Ow ne rs P rope rty Ow ne rs Prope rty Ow ne rs / M id-term Oth e rs O T H E R P O T E N T IA L FU N D IN G S O U R C E S FO R W A T E R F R O N T A N D G R E E N S P A C E IM P R O V E M E N T S : 14 T R O L L E Y R O U T E S E R V IC E Trolle y R o u te V K B / M A S T V K B / M A S T A ca de m y V K B V K B /M A S T Short -term FL O R ID A D EP A R T M EN T O F EN V IR O N M EN T A L PR O TE C T IO N C O A ST A L PA R T N ER SH IP IN IT IA T IV E FL O R ID A D EP LA N D A N D W A T ER G R A N T 15 C A P E F L O R ID A L IN E A R P A R K E nh a nc e d M e dia n V K B V K B V K B /G R AN TS S hort -term FLO R ID A D EP FR D A P U S EP A - LO C A L FO O D S, LO C A L PLA C ES BR O W N F IE LD G R A N T S 16 K -8 R E D E V E L O P M E N T C O N C E P T S po rts F ie lds, E xp a nde d S c hool Bo ard / V K B S c hool Board / V K B C O U N TY /V K B Long-term FLO R ID A D EP ELEC TR IC V EH IC LE CH A R G IN G ST A T IO N S S c hool FO O T TR A N SP O R T A T IO N A LT ER N A T IV ES PR O G R A M PU B LI C SP A C E C H A L LEN G E 17 R E IN F O R C E TH E O C E A N S H O R E LI N E F ort ifie d D un e U S A C E US A C E /V K B U S A C E / G R A N TS Short -term IT EM S IN BLU E A R E IN PR O G R ESS. M O D E R N IZ E S E A W A L L S S tr on ge r S e a w a lls P rope rty Ow ne rs P rope rty Ow ne rs P rope rty Ow ners / Short to M id-term TH IS TA B LE IS PR O V ID ED FO R G EN E RA L PLA N N IN G A N D 18 G ra nts PR IO R IT IZ A T IO N PU R P O S E S O N LY . TH IS TA B LE SH O U LD BE U P D A T ED AS D EC IS IO N S A R E M A D E O N IM P LEM E N TA TI O N , 19 P U M P S T A TI O N S C ivil and C ivic Infra st ruc ture V K B V K B V K B M id-term FEA SIB ILI T Y , A N D FU N D IN G SO U R C ES FO R FU TU R E PR O JEC TS. SH O R T -TE R M : 0-5 YEA R S U P D A T E V K B L D R 'S L D R 'S for R esili e nc y V K B V K B V K B M id-term M ID -T ER M : 5-10 Y EA R S 2 0 LO N G -T ER M : 10 + YEA R S 2 1 A R C H IT E C T U R E G U ID E L IN E S N e w S ta nda rds V K B V K B V K B M id-term CO M M U N IT Y & MA N AG EM ENT I D ecem ber 6, 2022 192 DPZ CoD ESIG N I THE KEY BISC AYN E VISIO N PLAN