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HomeMy Public PortalAbout2040 Parkville Master Plan - Section 4 Our Plan104 Parkville 2040 Master Plan OUR PLAN4Section Parkville, Missouri 105 I. OUR PLAN OVERVIEW........................................................................ II. FOCUS AREA 1 - COMMUNITY CHARACTER...................................... III. FOCUS AREA 2 - SUSTAINABILITY AND THE ENVIRONMENT........... IV. FOCUS AREA 3 - TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE.......... V. FOCUS AREA 4 - STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT..................................... VI. FOCUS AREA 5 - GROWING WITH A PURPOSE................................. 106 108 128 148 176 190 106 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Section 4: Your Plan is composed of five main Focus Areas that address all the major components of the Master Plan. The Guiding Principles discussed in the introduction will be highlighted throughout this section as they relate to the various focus areas. These focus areas were developed with all of the public feedback and input taken into consideration. FOCUS AREAS 1 2 3 4 5 Community Character Community Character includes all those things that separate Parkville from other communities and make it distinct within the region. Sustainability and the Environment Sustainability and the Environment reviews the sensitive environmental areas that should be protected, identifies ways to be more sustainable and considers the role of parks in the community. Transportation & Infrastructure Transportation and infrastructure is the beating heart of a community that provide the needed connections, and services to residents and businesses. Strategic Development Strategic Development will meet the demands for housing and services in the community while also enhancing the overall character of Parkville. Growing with a Purpose Growing with a Purpose covers the Future Land Use and Annexation Strategy for Parkville. OUR PLAN OVERVIEW Parkville, Missouri 107 108 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Community Character includes all those things that separate Parkville from other communities and make it distinct within the region. A community’s character incorporates the brandable image and marketing efforts that help define a community which also includes perceptions from residents, visitors and outsiders. Parkville is known for its quaint and historic downtown, rolling topography, open green spaces and important commercial centers, all within close proximity to downtown Kansas City. The Community Character focus area will identify the major opportunities and challenges facing Parkville’s character and identify strategies to preserve what is loved about the community balanced with the growth and continual enhancement of the various commercial centers, residential neighborhoods, key corridors and the downtown district. COMMUNITY CHARACTERFOCUS AREAS FOCUS AREA 1 Parkville, Missouri 109 Community Sustainability Community Character Environmental Stewardship Civic and Open Spaces Integrated Land Uses Transportation Housing 2040 GUIDING PRINCIPLES Community Character relates to all of the 2040 Guiding Principles. Most directly, it relates to the Community Character principle but each and every one of the principles shown to the right effect the overall character of the community. Integrated Land Uses determines the type of development that is appropriate throughout the city. Civic and Open Spaces add to the quality of life for Parkville residents and provide needed greenery and interaction with nature which is important to the health and wellness of citizens. Transportation is the network that links the community together and the scale and aesthetic quality of transportation corridors affect the character of Parkville. The Downtown Old-District is the primary source of imagery and reputation for Parkville; in that sense preserving the existing character and allowing for appropriate new development is crucial when considering community character. As a predominantly single-family residential city, the addition of new types of Housing and the character of those units will play a role in the community character. Finally, Community Sustainability and Environmental Stewardship relate to the sustainable practices and policies that the city can implement which includes everything from stream and tree canopy preservation to the implementation of green infrastructure all of which relate to the community character. COMMUNITY CHARACTER RELATIONSHIP TO THE GUIDING PRINCIPLES Downtown Old-Town District 110 Parkville 2040 Master Plan 45 152 29 435 Promote infill along established corridors between emerging western area and existing eastern area of Parkville Analyze targeted annexation opportunities Downtown Parkville Historic Downtown Neighborhood Downtown Commercial Center Parkville Commons Commercial Center Creekside Commercial Center Park University Riverfront Trail extension Partner with Platte County to extend Riverfront Trail to the west Partner with Platte County to extend Greenway north to Tiffany Springs Park Riss Lake Miss o u r i R i v e r Weatherby Lake Lake Waukomis Wyandotte County Lake Tiffany Springs Park Brush Cree k Study feasibility of additional streamway trail facilities Establish Brush Creek Greenway Future trail Extension Utilize utility ROW for future trail connection 45 COMMUNITY CHARACTER COMMUNITY CHARACTERSTRATEGIC OPPORTUNITIES The Strategic Opportunities map and the items listed below represent the major Community Character strategic opportunities that correspond to physical and visual improvements within the city of Parkville. • Enhance existing roadway corridors through streetscape improvements focusing on pedestrian and bicycle amenities and connectivity. • Analyze targeted annexation opportunities to strengthen community connections along Highway 45 (see Section 5: Growing With A Purpose). • Implement additional trailways to provide better connections from one side of Parkville to another, utilizing streamway and overhead utility ROW corridors for these amenities. • Implement Major Gateways at major entrances into the community. Many comments received during the planning process indicated a lack of understanding of when you are actually within the city of Parkville or not. Gateway elements will assist in the overall identity and awareness of Parkville. 1.0 Figure 4.00 Parkville Strategic Opportunities Map Parkville, Missouri 111 DOWNTOWN Downtown Parkville is a highly valued district within the city and is often regarded as one of Parkville’s greatest strengths and assets. Located along the rolling hillsides that slope down to the Missouri River, downtown Parkville is a recognizable area of the city that lends an identity of historic quaintness and charm. It’s location along the banks of the Missouri River makes it unique within the immediate Kansas City metropolitan region as a river town that owes much of it’s history and character to it’s prominent location along one of the United State’s most important waterways. One of the major concerns with downtown Parkville today is the frequency of traffic congestion and dangerous road conditions for all different users. Highway FF and Highway 9 intersect in a confusing and confined area which has caused many crashes over the years. Additionally, convenient parking for customers is also a need for Main Street businesses as the angled parking along the corridor is often full and the nearest surface parking lots are located a distance away, near English Landing Park. Currently, downtown Parkville is characterized by an abundance of small, locally-owned shops and restaurants. These establishments add to the charm and quaintness of the downtown district and are a source of pride for the community. The city should continue to support locally-owned businesses by listening to their concerns and working collaboratively to solve them as possible. To further enhance the downtown area, the city should balance the needs of adjacent businesses while exploring enhancements to the streetscape to improve the areas available for pedestrian use. These enhancements could include exploring opportunities to widen existing sidewalks, define on-street parking areas at intersections with curb bump-outs to expand the pedestrian space, provide energy-efficient pedestrian and street lighting. replace existing concrete pavers with new pavement and decorative clay pavers, provide consistent site furnishings, introduce street trees and landscape enhancements for beautification and shade, and implement a historic/educational signage program for storytelling and as a strong placemaking element. Park University is a major presence in downtown Parkville and represents another iconic element to the city that many people identify with. This important education institution could be better integrated into the fabric of downtown Parkville with more student-oriented services and retail opportunities. The city should continue working closely with the business owners and the university to collaborate in the creation of creative strategies that encourage interaction in ways that benefit all. See the strategic opportunities map on the following page. 112 Parkville 2040 Master Plan COMMUNITY CHARACTER 5 Study feasibility of additional streamway trail facilities Ma i n S t r e e t 12th Stre e t 6th Street Downtown Parkville Parkville Train StationEas t S t r e e t Explore opportunity for roundabout at 1st St. and Hwy. 9 Park University Pocket Park Parkville Nature Sanctuary Watkins Park Adams Park Sullivan Nature SanctuaryPlatte Landing Park English Landing Park Future Trail Connection Future Trail Connection 1 2 4 Bell Road Extension 3 Enhance connection between English Landing Park and future trail amenity Future Transit Routes Hwy. 9 Corridor Improvements Future Trail Connections Existing Trails Streetscape Improvement Opportunities Downtown Gateway Opportunity Downtown Marker Neighborhood Marker Existing Parks / Open Space Downtown Mixed-Use Land Use City Land Use Low-Density Residential Land Use Legend Historic Trail / Sites 2 Banniker School Main Street District Parkville Farmers’ Market Parkville Train Station Missouri Riverfront 1 3 4 5 Downtown Boundary Park University DOWNTOWN Figure 4.01 Downtown Strategic Opportunities Map Parkville, Missouri 113 DOWNTOWNSTRATEGIC OPPORTUNITIES 1.1 Much like the overall Community Character Strategic Opportunities Map, a similar approach was taken specific to Downtown Parkville based on all the feedback received from the community and city leaders. This exercise helped the planning team think holistically about the series of individual ideas, concerns, challenges and opportunities in Downtown Parkville. • Implement improvements identified in the Highway 9 plan to include complete street components along this vital corridor. • Continue to study the feasibility of bringing a transit line north along Highway 9 with the possibility of one or more transit stops located at key intersections. Additionally, the development of a transit hub in downtown Parkville should also be explored. • Implement trail connection from Highway 9 - north, to 12th Street and Parkville Nature Sanctuary. • Enhance trail connection from English Landing Park to future trail extension across Highway 9, ideally creating a highly-visible and safe pedestrian / bicycle crossing. • Study the feasibility of developing an additional trail connection from Platte Landing Park along existing streamway corridor to points west of downtown. • Implement a historic trail with placemaking elements throughout downtown Parkville to include wayfinding signage, informational signage and organized programming. • Improve the Highway 9 / East Street / 1st Street intersection. Possibilities include a roundabout that could also serve as an enhanced gateway to downtown and a catalyst for redevelopment. • Implement system of downtown and neighborhood markers as indicated on the downtown strategic opportunities map to add a sense of place and unique character to the historic downtown core. • Streetscape improvements along Main Street and east/west connecting streets to Highway 9 should be implemented to enhance the pedestrian experience and should include amenities such as lighting, seating, landscaping, paving materials, wayfinding signage and public art. • Continue to study the extension and expansion of Bell Road from Parkville Commons to include multi-modal capacity to provide an additional north / south connection within the community. • Implement additional downtown gateway signage along Route FF and on Highway 9 (north of downtown). 114 Parkville 2040 Master Plan COMMUNITY CHARACTER COHESIVE & UNIFIED COMMUNITY JANE CITY LIMITS MAP Figure 4.02 Aerial Base Map, Parkville, Missouri Parkville City Limits Nearby City Limits County Line 100-year floodplain Park & Conservation Area Golf Course Missouri River Parkville has historically developed on the east side of the community extending northward from the downtown/riverfront and moving west along Tom Watson Parkway. In conjunction with a proposed development plan by the property owner, Parkville annexed a significant amount of land along Interstate 435 in 2000. This annexation greatly expanded the footprint of the community. While there are significant portions of this area along the interstate that remain unimproved, there are new areas of commercial and residential growth occurring near the intersection of Interstate 435 and Highway 45 / Tom Watson Parkway. One challenge for Parkville as this new area of town continues to develop will be to ensure the efficient provision of city services to this emerging area, and to ensure new residents and business owners feel connected to and a part of the City of Parkville. One way to achieve this is by promoting infill growth along established corridors between this emerging western area of development and the existing eastern area of development within Parkville. This new development can eventually serve to bridge the gap between Parkville’s established boundaries with unincorporated Platte County along the 45 Highway corridor. A large portion of the area between the east and west sides of Parkville is either impacted by floodplain along the River Road corridor or contains areas of steeply wooded terrain that may be more difficult for medium to large scale development. These areas are also dotted with homes on acreage, making land assembly for future development more challenging. Along the 45 Highway corridor, these two areas of Parkville will likely be separated for many years until future development and annexation activities may eventually connect the two. In the meantime, the city should maintain a long-term view to ensuring a cohesive level of quality and character for the physical environments created in both areas. Through careful planning and coordination, a unifying sense of place can be created through action that address the following: - Connecting the Community - Cohesive Look and Feel - Community Pride and Events Parkville, Missouri 115 STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 1.2 COHESIVE & UNIFIED COMMUNITY Connecting the Community Making sure Parkville has good vehicular, bicycle and pedestrian connectivity will be a key component of providing a unified community. The east and west sides of Parkville are connected through two main roads: 45 Highway and NW River Road. The 45 Highway / Tom Watson Parkway is the more developed route. Some portions of the corridor are not within Parkville city limits, which decreases the control the community has over its development. Parkville should continue to enhance the existing roadway corridors that connect the community. Streetscape improvements including sidewalk and trail expansion as well as targeted annexation policies can help strengthen the connection along this key corridor. The community should encourage the integration of bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure into streetscapes to serve the existing and future needs of the community. As Parkville grows, there are opportunities to use existing stream corridors as a place to enhance connectivity through stream adjacent trails. Existing utility easements are another possible location for these trail connections. This connectivity has the added benefit of being an in demand amenity as open spaces and trails have become increasingly popular due to the pandemic. • Enhance 45 Highway corridor through streetscape improvements focusing on pedestrian and bicycle amenities and connectivity. • Strategically annex land along 45 Highway to control the look and feel of Parkville. • Adopt a stream buffer ordinance to secure conservation corridors that could also serve as trail connections. • Promote infill growth along established corridors between the emerging western area of development and the more established eastern area of development within Parkville. Create and maintain strong connectivity throughout Parkville 116 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Cohesive Look and Feel Not every part of Parkville needs or should look exactly the same. However, having cohesive design standards, signage and other identifying features can help to promote a sense of place. People should know they are in Parkville and signage and quality building design standards and materials can help orient people. Streetscape standards are another way to help residents feel a sense of place. Recently, Parkville has added gateway signage along 9 Highway as you arrive in Downtown Parkville near Park University. This signage could be used as a precedent for signage used throughout the community elsewhere over time. COHESIVE & UNIFIED COMMUNITY COMMUNITY CHARACTER STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 1.3 • Adopt enhanced design standards for new and redevelopment in Parkville to promote quality design and aesthetics. Maintain a cohesive look and feel in Parkville Parkville, Missouri 117 Community Pride + Events One non-physical way to increase a sense of unified community would be to work to increase community pride and connection among residents. This can be accomplished though several methods, but one important way is through community events. Parkville has many existing community events specifically hosted in the downtown including the Farmers Market, 5k and 10k runs, parades, beer festivals, Christmas in the park, Fourth of July, and car shows. Efforts should be made to encourage new residents to attend existing community events in the historic parts of Parkville. Additionally, new community events should be planned in the newer areas of Parkville, such as the Creekside Development, as it grows to bring neighbors from all over Parkville together. These events can create connections between neighbors and instill a sense of community pride. COHESIVE & UNIFIED COMMUNITY STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 1.4 • Continue to sponsor and promote community-wide events to increase community pride and social connection. • Identify community events to take place in new areas of Parkville (Creekside or other) to promote interaction between new and more established residents. Promote community pride through existing and new community-wide events 118 Parkville 2040 Master Plan COMMERCIAL CENTERS The major commercial centers in Parkville are primarily located along 45 Highway/Tom Watson Parkway, near the intersection with Highway 9. The centers along this corridor are a mix of small commercial centers, pad retail sites, larger format retail and pedestrian-oriented retail spaces. Parkville Commons is a major commercial center that incorporates a wide variety of retail as well as civic-oriented facilities. In addition to the Platte County Community Center and YMCA, the Parkville City Hall is also located within the commons, both of which represent important civic assets that bring in consistent vehicle and foot traffic. The current configuration and layout of Parkville Commons presents some challenges in terms of visibility and access. Many businesses within the interior of the center, along the walkable street and parking areas, have anecdotally seen a higher rate of turnover and are less likely to attract purely retail tenants. The lack of visibility from surrounding arterial streets, and the lack of traffic flow through these portions of the center likely contribute to this condition. As such, many of the businesses located there today are more service-oriented which often are less frequently visited and don’t rely on ‘window-shoppers’ to survive. These types of businesses are important to the overall quality of life in Parkville as they offer needed services such as small retail stores, that encourage walking throughout the center and from storefront to storefront. The businesses located closer to Highways 9 and 45 are pad-site retail with gas stations, fast food, fast-casual with ample parking and access from both the highways and from the internal street networks. Price Chopper is also located in this center and represents a large commercial grocery store that brings a consistent high volume of patrons to this area. Other smaller commercial centers are dotted along Highway 45 as it extends further to the west but the zig-zagging nature of Parkville’s city limits and challenging terrain, prevent any kind of consistent retail frontage along the entirety of the corridor. Downtown Parkville also represents a vitally important commercial center that is highlighted by the prevalence of small locally-owned businesses. Collectively, the Downtown Parkville retail and business establishments are what lend the entire community its identity as a quaint and charming city. The character and scale of retail businesses, as well as restaurants and cafes, should be retained and supported as much as possible. COMMUNITY CHARACTER Parkville, Missouri 119 COMMERCIAL CENTERS Creekside is another major commercial center being planned and constructed at the Highway 45 / Interstate 435 interchange. This development represents a major new mixed-use district within the community that will bring a range of land uses to the western end of Parkville which is currently mostly undeveloped. A development of this scale brings many opportunities to the City of Parkville in the form of new residences and commercial activity. As Parkville continues to expand its population westward, this area of the city will represent a new hub of activity for those future residents. With easy access off of I-435 and the continuing expansion of the greater Kansas City metro, the Creekside development is well positioned to be an anchor of Parkville for decades to come. Due to the scale and density of this development, concerns have been raised over time about the impact that Creekside will have on the adjacent neighborhoods and arterial roadways. The strategic opportunities for Parkville Commons, Downtown Parkville and Creekside are listed to the right. STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 1.5 • Work with Parkville Commons property owner to develop strategy to supports increased residential densities within and adjacent to this district to increase traffic and visibility to interior retail and service tenants while maintaining walkable character of the commercial center. • Actively work to maintain Downtown Parkville’s abundance of small and locally-owned businesses that add to the character of charm of the district while also encouraging new residential, hospitality and destination-oriented retail, restaurants and entertainment uses. • Leverage the opportunities that the Creekside development will bring to the city of Parkville to expand retail and housing options while ensuring there is a consistent level of quality, visual character and aesthetic design. Ensure important commercial nodes of Parkville remain resilient, active and vibrant 120 Parkville 2040 Master Plan HOUSING COMMUNITY CHARACTER Parkville’s housing stock is generally very high quality. Figures 4.03 and 4.04 show the estimated number of owner-occupied homes by value range and the median home value in Parkville and neighboring communities. The quality of homes in Parkville are an established part of its community character. Largely, the housing stock in Parkville is composed of single-family detached homes with limited multi-family options. The community survey available at the interactive engagement website asked respondents to list the housing priorities for Parkville. Figure 4.05 shows the results. A common theme in the results is the need for more housing choices. Housing choice diversity, is one area where Parkville could improve. Housing choice or diversity allows for residents of different ages, incomes and lifestyles to live within the community more easily. Housing diversity does not mean that the character of Parkville’s housing has to suffer. High standards for multi- family housing materials and design, alongside strategic placement of multi-family options will allow Parkville to maintain its housing character while also providing housing for younger and older residents not looking for a single-family detached home or families new to town looking for a temporary transitional home. Park University students could also benefit from added housing choices. 0 100k 200k 300k 400k 500k Parkville Weatherby Lake Platte Woods Lake Waukomis Kansas City, Missouri Kansas City, Kansas Shawnee, Kansas Overland Park, Kansas Olathe, Kansas KC Metro Missouri Kansas United States $411,600 $367,100 $238,500 $246,800 $154,600 $95,600 $237,500 $276,100 $238,100 $183,300 $157,200 $151,900 $217,500 Figure 4.04 Median Home Value Comparison (2019) Figure 4.03 Owner-Occupied Housing Values (2019) 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% Less than $50,000 $50,000 to $99,999 $100,000 to $149,999 $150,000 to $199,999 $200,000 to $299,999 $300,000 to $499,999 $500,000 to $999,999 $1,000,000 or more 3.8% 21.7% 45.7% 16.0% 8.3% 3.5% 1.0% 0.0%Creating a variety of housing types - 28% More affordable housing - 26% Existing home rehabilitation / improvement - 23% New single-family detached homes - 7% None / Nothing - 7% Senior housing - 5% High-end housing - 4% Figure 4.05 Public Survey Responses - Housing Choices STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 1.6 • Support the development of multi-family housing options in key areas of Parkville as identified on the future land use map. • Create and adopt enhanced design guidelines for multi-family housing that require certain standards for design, placement, buffers and building materials. • Continue to work with existing landlords in Parkville remains safe, functional and well- maintained. Maintain a quality housing stock that provides quality choices for residents Parkville, Missouri 121 Existing home rehabilitation / improvement - 23% COMMUNITY FOR ALL AGES Community For All Ages is a program sponsored by the Mid-America Regional Council (MARC) that recognizes communities that have taken steps to become more welcoming to residents of all ages and, in the process, more vibrant, healthy and prosperous. The City of Parkville currently is designated as a Bronze Level community which involves the adoption of a resolution to become an official Community for All Ages, a presentation to governing bodies on becoming age friendly and at least two public engagement activities to build greater awareness of the program. It is the goal of the City of Parkville to work towards the gold level designation for the Community for All Ages but will need to obtain the silver level prior to that step. The silver level will require the city to form a Community for All Ages committee of community members and to use the program’s checklist to assess the community’s current issues and issue a report based on their findings. This plan recommends that Parkville continue to pursue this effort to improve the quality of life for residents and be known throughout the Kansas City region as a community that supports a diverse population. For more information on this program, visit the Community For All Ages webpage on the MARC website. STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 1.7 • Continue to pursue the silver level status in the Community For All Ages program by forming a community-based committee to assess the current conditions in Parkville and issue and report on the findings. • Once the silver level has been obtained, pursue the gold level designation to improve the quality of life for Parkville residents. • Maintain Community For All Ages designation by investing in any necessary infrastructure, services and programming identified in the Community For All Ages plan. Strive to be a community for all ages and abilities through the Community for All Ages program 122 Parkville 2040 Master Plan COMMUNITY CHARACTER NATURAL FEATURES Natural Features Parkville’s history is tied to its relationship with the nearby natural features - primarily the Missouri River and the steep terrain of the area. The community has been able to embrace these ties as a means of community character and identity. The river and accompanying floodplain have helped keep the riverfront area of Parkville as mainly park and open space. English Landing Park and Platte Landing Park are popular amenities for residents that also help to protect the community from property damage due to flooding. Parkville’s terrain has required that development take place at a slower, measured pace. The hills and tree cover of these areas have also enabled Parkville to have a unique look and feel that is different than other Kansas City metro suburbs. The opportunities and limitations of Parkville’s natural features should continue to be drivers of its community character and identity as the community grows (See Figure 4.12 on Page 33 for Slope Analysis). The floodplains within Parkville should be left undeveloped and hills, streams, and tree cover should help define the pace and type of development that occurs - preserving these natural features as much as possible by integrating them into the site design. STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 1.8 • Continue to preserve natural features as Parkville develops by integrating them into the site design as an amenity. Preserve Parkville’s natural features as it grows Parkville, Missouri 123 Park University, a major liberal arts college located in downtown Parkville, is a major presence and influence on the character and functionality of the downtown district. In addition to the iconic and majestic campus buildings located on the hillside of downtown Parkville, an expansive underground network of classrooms and parking translates into several thousands of square feet of educational spaces. The college has a current enrollment of around 9,500 students with the majority of those located on the main campus in Parkville. Discussions surrounding Park University throughout the planning process primarily focused on ensuring continuing collaboration between university leaders and the City of Parkville. Both groups understand the importance each jurisdiction is to one another and should continue to work closely to leverage each other’s influence to collectively help the community. One topic that should be considered is how more student-oriented services could be incorporated into the downtown fabric. Being a suburban commuter-oriented campus, downtown Parkville has an opportunity to capture more activity from both students and facility in terms of retail and services. PARK UNIVERSITY STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 1.9 • Ensure continued collaboration between Park University, downtown Parkville and the City of Parkville. • Encourage the ability for student-oriented services / retail in downtown Parkville to better integrate the student population and the land uses of the downtown district. Continue to foster a strong working relationship with Park University 124 Parkville 2040 Master Plan CONVENIENT LOCATION COMMUNITY CHARACTER Parkville has a very convenient location for both residents and businessowners. The proximity to the riverfront, rolling hills, tree cover and historic downtown all help to make Parkville feel like a natural enclave with a unique sense of place and character. However, Parkville residents can also enjoy all the benefits of more dense, urban living with only a short drive. Figure 4.06 shows the 15- and 20-minute drive time map for Parkville. The drive-time service area shows Parkville’s easy access to many amenities and job centers. Within 15-minutes Parkville residents or employees can get to the Kansas City International Airport or Downtown Kansas City, Missouri. Within 20-minutes, residents and businessowners can access many of the suburban job centers located in Johnson County, Kansas. Parkville is also well situated within the transportation system as a whole. As Interstate 435 continues to develop, retail and industrial businesses should find this expressway offers convenient access to the entire metro area and beyond. Parkville should continue to market this attractive community feature to residential and non- residential development opportunities. Figure 4.06 15 and 30 Minute Drive-TIme Boundaries 15 MINUTES 30 MINUTES POINT OF ORIGIN STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 1.10 • Continue to market Parkville’s location and accessibility for possible residents and businessowners. • Maintain an efficient street system that balances access and safety in and out of Parkville. • Enhance the roadway network and connectivity to reduce over reliance on major arterials. Promote and protect Parkville’s convenient location and accessibility Parkville, Missouri 125 Every city has a story to tell and Parkville’s story is one of a riverside community that since 1840 has transitioned from a small landing for goods being shipped from Kansas City to a village, town and eventually the city of today. Early on in Parkville’s history, several businesses arose along Main Street including a general store, shoe store, grocery, hardware, blacksmith shop and two hotels. Many of the buildings along Main Street today, are those same historic structures. Park University has been a foundational and iconic element to the City of Parkville since its founding in 1875. As the city grew in population, so too did the city’s boundaries and with modern transportation, the neighborhoods eventually expanded north and westward and today, many single-family neighborhoods supply most of Parkville’s population. The history of Parkville should be celebrated and told in a unique and comprehensive way. Notable places such as the Banniker School, the Missouri Riverfront, Main Street and others, should all be connected through the use of a history trail. The trail can be curated by the city or a nonprofit organization and hold regular events and tours to build awareness. Interpretive signage and wayfinding elements will be an important consideration for the trail to be successful and understandable. This plan recommends the planning and implementation of a Parkville History Trail. CELEBRATE HISTORY STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 1.11 • Implement a historic trail with placemaking elements throughout downtown Parkville to include wayfinding signage, informational signage and organized programming. • Develop program to incentivize the renovation and preservation of important historic sites in Parkville including the Banniker School. Celebrate Parkville’s history 126 Parkville 2040 Master Plan NEIGHBORHOOD PRESERVATION COMMUNITY CHARACTER As a growing community, Parkville will need to set in place safeguards to ensure that older homes in the community do not become neglected over time. Compared to other communities, Parkville is at an advantage because the housing stock is generally very high quality. Older homes, however, will continue to have their challenges and efforts to protect older neighborhoods should be explored. There are several ways cities can achieve neighborhood preservation. Cities will sometimes work to identify areas for targeted improvement efforts through the integration of special signage, street furniture, street tree planting programs or other streetscape improvements that improve the sense of place in a neighborhood. Another option is to offer a revolving loan fund or incentive program for home improvement and modernization of older homes to compete with the newer models and the associated amenities and benefits. Currently, Parkville’s Title IV: Development Code has appendices containing Old Town Residential Design Guidelines; the purpose of which is to preserve the charm and historic character of residential neighborhoods near our downtown. Any neighborhood preservation efforts would need to work within the design guidelines included within the code. STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 1.12 • Create a grant or program to help financially incentivize home improvement and modernization for older homes in Parkville. • Continue to follow the Old Town Residential Design Guidelines to help preserve the look and feel of Parkville’s older homes. • Explore opportunities to integrate street tree planting programs throughout existing neighborhoods to provide shade, visual continuity and natural beauty. Preserve Parkville’s historic neighborhoods Parkville, Missouri 127 STREETSCAPES & SIGNAGE Streetscapes provide an opportunity for the public realm and street environments to accommodate amenities and aesthetic improvements for all users. Parkville is blessed with an intact core downtown district that offers space for both pedestrians and vehicles but certain corridors through the downtown district, such as Highway 9 and many of the small streets that connect that main arterial with Main Street, lack sufficient pedestrian and placemaking amenities for a pleasant and comfortable walking or biking experience. The map to the right indicates key streets and corridors where streetscaping improvements would make a beneficial impact on the overall built environment of downtown Parkville. The Highway 9 Corridor Plan was completed in 2016 and recommends a combination of pedestrian, bicycle, landscaping and signage improvements as well as lane reallocations to improve vehicular safety. In addition to those improvements, amenities are recommended to be added along the entirety of Main Street from the northern terminus at Highway 9, south to East Street. Amenities to be considered include updated lighting, seating, landscaping, paving materials, wayfinding signage and public art. All improvements should fit in with the character of the downtown core and work to promote safety and a pleasant walking, biking and driving environment for all downtown Parkville users. 5 Study feasibility of additional streamway trail facilities Ma i n S t r e e t 12th Stre e t 6th Street Downtown Parkville Parkville Train StationEas t S t r e e t Explore opportunity for roundabout at 1st St. and Hwy. 9 Park University Pocket Park Parkville Nature Sanctuary Watkins Park Adams Park Sullivan Nature SanctuaryPlatte Landing Park English Landing Park Future Trail Connection Future Trail Connection 1 2 4 Bell Road Extension 3 Enhance connection between English Landing Park and future trail amenity STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 1.13 • Perform streetscape enhancements along corridors as identified in the Strategic Opportunities map. • Expand gateway signage at key entryways into Parkville as identified on the Strategic Opportunities map. • Identify a unique street signage that can be implemented on neighborhood streets in Parkville to enhance the unified sense of place. Enhance Parkville’s character through its streetscape + signage Figure 4.07 Downtown Streetscape Enhancements 128 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Sustainability and the Environment reviews the sensitive environmental areas that should be protected, identifies ways to be more sustainable and considers the role of parks in the community. The Sustainability and the Environment Chapter begins by identifying strategies the city and residents can put forth to become more sustainable including green infrastructure and energy efficiency issues. It then turns to the natural features present in Parkville, including floodplain, tree cover, slopes, and streams, and identifies what land use regulations can help protect life, property and the natural features themselves. It ends with an overview of the park system in Parkville and identifies some growth strategies and key considerations. SUSTAINABILITY AND THE ENVIRONMENT FOCUS AREA 2 Parkville, Missouri 129 Focus Area 2 - Sustainability and the Environment touches on many of the 2040 Guiding Principles. Sustainability and the Environment relate directly to Community Sustainability and Environmental Stewardship. The Civic and Open Spaces guiding principles also relates because of the importance of open space in environmental protection and the strong role the city has in guiding these efforts. Likewise, the Integrated Land Uses guiding principle connects to this chapter because land use rules and regulations around protecting sensitive environmental land and buffering incompatible land uses. Finally, the Community Character of Parkville is strongly linked to the natural environment whether it is the connections to the Missouri River, the rolling hills of the area or the plentiful tree cover. All of these guiding principles influenced the recommendations made in this section. RELATIONSHIP TO THE GUIDING PRINCIPLES Community Sustainability Community Character Environmental Stewardship Civic and Open Spaces Integrated Land Uses Transportation Housing 2040 GUIDING PRINCIPLES Downtown Old-Town District 130 Parkville 2040 Master Plan SUSTAINABILITY AND THE ENVIRONMENT 45 152 29 435 Riverfront Trail extension Partner with Platte County to extend Riverfront Trail to the west Partner with Platte County to extend Greenway north to Tiffany Springs Park Riss Lake Miss o u r i R i v e r Weatherby Lake Lake Waukomis Wyandotte County Lake Tiffany Springs Park Brush Cree k Preserve stream corridors for environmental, recreation and connectivity benefits Establish Brush Creek Greenway Future trail Extension Utilize utility ROW for future trail connection Discourage most built development within the floodplain Adopt slope preservation ordinance 45 SUSTAINABILITY AND THE ENVIRONMENTSTRATEGIC OPPORTUNITIES The Strategic Opportunities map and the items listed below represent the major Sustainability and the Environment strategic opportunities that correspond to physical and visual improvements within the city of Parkville. • Preserve stream corridors for environmental, recreation and connectivity benefits. • Adopt slope preservation ordinance. • Discourage most built development within the floodplain. 2.0 Figure 4.08 Sustainability and the Environment Strategic Opportunities Parkville, Missouri 131 NATURAL RESOURCE PROTECTION Green infrastructure Green infrastructure refers to methods of dealing with stormwater that mimic natural processes such as filtration, evaporation or storage. One main goal is to deal with stormwater management on-site instead of conveying water off site via curb and gutters. There are many types of green infrastructure including: Bioretention Facilities are depressions or shallow basins used to slow, capture and filter stormwater through permeable soil, grass, mulch or plantings. Rain Gardens are made of native shrubs, mulch and flowers in a small depression designed to pool and slowly reabsorb stormwater underground. Green Roofs are vegetated roofs to help capture and use stormwater on site to support the plantings and help reduce urban heat island effect. Rain Barrels are barrels used to collect rainwater that can be used for landscape and lawn watering. Permeable Pavement are a pavement type with high porosity that enables rainwater to pass through and filter into the ground instead of becoming runoff. Parkville should encourage the private use of these solutions on residential and commercial properties. Additionally, the city should be a leader in green infrastructure by utilizing the features on new publicly-owned development or when retrofitting an existing facility space or site. Rain Gardens Rain Barrel Vegetated ‘Green’ Rooftop Bioretention Facility Permeable Pavers STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 2.1 • Actively encourage the use of green infrastructure for stormwater solutions to mitigate the effects of combined sewer overflows into natural water bodies. • Consider adopting a residential sustainability grant to financially incentive the use of green infrastructure on residential properties. • Evaluate and implement green infrastructure changes on city-owned property to be a model for the community. Promote the use of green infrastructure solutions to stormwater management 132 Parkville 2040 Master Plan NATURAL RESOURCE PROTECTION Renewable Energy + Energy Efficiency Renewable energy includes sources of energy that are non-finite such as solar, wind or geothermal. Wind energy is typically dealt with at a larger geographic scale than a city. However, it is now more common for solar and geothermal energy to be addressed by cities within comprehensive or master plans. Renewable energy is sustainable, abundant and will often lead to cost savings over time. Residential or commercial property owners may desire the ability to install solar photovoltaic panels or a geothermal heat pump to help reduce reliance on fossil fuels and save money on energy. Installing or retrofitting with high efficiency facilities will also help save money and reduce overall energy usage. Currently, Parkville does not have any code regulating or allow for the use of solar panels or geothermal energy. Not all residents will want to install renewable energy or efficiency retrofits, but there are several options Parkville should consider. One initiative to further promote renewable energy undertaken by other communities within the Kansas City metro area have done is to streamline the process for residential solar panels installation. Another is to provide financial incentive to install energy saving systems such as solar, wind, geothermal, insulation and high-efficiency windows or doors. These initiatives create a structural change to help create an environment for alternative energy expansion. SUSTAINABILITY AND THE ENVIRONMENT STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 2.2 • Adopt regulations to allow for the use of residential and commercial solar or geothermal energy. • Consider creating financial incentives to sustainably retrofit homes with high energy efficiency appliances or alternative energy panels or systems. Create an environment that encourages the use of renewable energy and energy efficiency Parkville, Missouri 133 NATURAL RESOURCE PROTECTION Floodplain Floodplain is typically found at low-lying areas near streams, lakes or oceans that become inundated with water during rain events, snow melt or other high-water events. Figure 4.09 shows the 100- and 500-year floodplain in Parkville. 100-Year & 500-Year Floodplain One-hundred-year floodplains are those areas of land that have an annual flood probability of 1% in any given year. Likewise, five-hundred-year floodplains are those areas of land that have an annual flood probability of 0.5% in any given year. Figure 4.09 Floodplain Map Parkville City Limits Nearby City Limits County Line 100-Year Floodplain 500-Year Floodplain NW R i v e r R d 435 NW River Rd Eas t S t 435 9 9 45 45 Tom Watson Pkwy 134 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Parkville’s Floodplain Parkville is no stranger to flood events given its proximity to the Missouri River. A large swath of the southern half of Parkville is floodplain. The area between downtown Parkville and the Missouri River is parkland (English Landing Parking and Platte Landing Park), which is able to help absorb and manage flooding while also providing a community benefit. Floodplain Management Parkville code regulates the management and development of land within the floodplain through a Floodplain Management section. Currently, the city requires land within the 100-year floodplain to meet certain criteria for residential and non- residential construction. It is recommended that all new development be steered away from the floodplain due to the risk of life and property damage that can result from flooding events. Floodplain should be left as undeveloped open space with permeable surface that allow water to be captured, stored and filtered back into the ground during high water events. Any development occurring within the floodplain boundaries should be very low impact and a preference is made for park and recreation land, including ball fields. NATURAL RESOURCE PROTECTION SUSTAINABILITY AND THE ENVIRONMENT STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 2.3 • Adopt a new floodplain ordinance that allow for only low-impact development within the floodplain with minimal impermeable surfaces. Discourage most built development within the floodplain Parkville, Missouri 135 NATURAL RESOURCE PROTECTION Streams Figure 4.10 shows the watersheds and streams for the Parkville area. The largest waterbody in the Parkville area is the Missouri River. There are several other streams that run through the community including: • Rush Creek • Naylor Creek • Burlington Creek Stream Types There are several ways to classify streams, but two common ways are by permanency and includes perennial and intermittent streams. Perennial Streams, often referred to as type 1 streams, are those that exist almost all of the year including during times of extreme drought. Type 2 streams, often called intermittent streams, are those streams that exist most of the time except in cases of extreme drought. Figure 4.10 Streams Map Parkville City Limits Nearby City Limits County Line Missouri River Type 1 - Perennial Stream Type 2 - Intermittent Stream NW R i v e r R d 435 NW River Rd Eas t S t 435 9 9 45 45 Tom Watson Pkwy Rus h C r e e k Bur l i n g t o n C r e e k Wh i t e A l o e B a r n c h Rush Creek Bru s h C r e e k Bru s h C r e e k 136 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Stream Buffers The areas around streams are ecologically sensitive and should be protected. The EPA recommends a stream buffer ordinance that requires a minimum 100-foot buffer along either side of type 1 streams and a 50-foot buffer along either side of type 2 streams. These buffers help prevent property damage, reduce the severity of floods, prevent stream bank erosion and protect this natural habitat. Additionally, stream buffers can help to improve water quality and prevent further water quality degradation. When stream buffer areas can be left undeveloped with grasses, shrubs and trees, natural processes help to filter pollutants from water before they enter the stream. Grasses, shrubs and trees also help to stabilize the stream bank which prevents erosion, which negatively impacts water quality. Stream Buffers + Trail Expansion Stream buffer ordinances can have economic and societal benefits as well as environmental ones. Trails located within stream corridors can be designed to have minimal negative environmental impact and can help incentivize the preservation of stream buffer areas. There are community benefits to preserving these stream corridors because they can attract neighborhood growth of an undeveloped area that is organized around this amenity. Some of the proposed stream buffer areas and trails are indicated for properties currently in unincorporated Platte County but within future annexation areas. NATURAL RESOURCE PROTECTION SUSTAINABILITY AND THE ENVIRONMENT Figure 4.11 Stream Buffer Diagram STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 2.4 • Adopt a stream buffer ordinance to secure conservation corridors that could also serve as trail connections. • Expand Parkville’s trail and greenway system along streams as identified on the master trails map. Preserve stream corridors for environmental, recreation and connectivity benefits Parkville, Missouri 137 Slopes Figure 4.12 shows the results of the slope analysis for the Parkville area. The yellow and green areas have lower slopes and includes land that is flatter. These areas are most suitable for new development. The orange and red areas have higher slopes. The blue areas show floodplain and existing waterbodies. Areas with high slope are sensitive ecological environments that can be vulnerable to erosion which can lead to a loss of topsoil and water quality degradation. Slope erosion can also lead to wildlife habitat loss, can alter drainage patterns and intensify flooding. Generally, new development should avoid areas with steep slopes. Any development that does occur in areas with steeper slopes should be carefully and sensitively designed to prevent slope erosion. Slope Preservation Ordinance Slope preservation ordinances can be tailored to fit the need of the community but generally place restrictions on development in areas with more than a certain percentage of slope with restrictions put in place once slopes hit between 15% and 25%. Figure 4.12 Slope Map Parkville City Limits Nearby City Limits County Line Low Slope High Slope Floodplain / Water NATURAL RESOURCE PROTECTION NW R i v e r R d 435 NW River Rd Eas t S t 435 9 9 45 45 Tom Watson Pkwy STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 2.5 • Adopt a steep slope preservation ordinance to regulate development in areas with steep slopes. Protect high slope areas of Parkville to prevent environmental degradation 138 Parkville 2040 Master Plan NATURAL RESOURCE PROTECTION SUSTAINABILITY AND THE ENVIRONMENT Tree Cover Preservation Trees contain a multitude of benefits for the environments and the community. These benefits range from environmental to economic to societal. Benefits include: • Prevent urban heat island effect • Provide oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide • Provide shade cover / natural air conditioner • Bird and wildlife habitat • Reduce stormwater runoff • Scenic / increase property values One significant threat to trees in communities are diseases and pests. Tree diseases such as the Oak Wilt and pests such as the Emerald Ash Borer have decimated tree cover on residential streets across the United States. This devastation has been especially bad in neighborhoods with one tree species that dominates the neighborhood. Requiring and incentivizing the planting of tree species diversity will be a key step in protecting existing and future tree cover. Other threats relate to tree loss due to development. Parkville should encourage new development to preserve tree cover as much as possible. Other policies to consider include requiring two trees planted for each tree lost or removed also help. The Mid-America Regional Council has a model tree preservation ordinance that Parkville should consider adopting. Tree protection and expansion is a sustainable action that helps future generations of Parkville residents enjoy a high quality of life. STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 2.6 • Encourage new development and redevelopment to preserve tree cover as an amenity feature. • Create and adopt a tree preservation ordinance (using MARC’s model tree preservation ordinance as a guide) to protect local tree cover. Actively preserve and replenish Parkville’s tree cover Parkville, Missouri 139 NATURAL RESOURCE PROTECTION Reducing Waste & Recycling There is a growing trend of communities taking a more proactive stance on waste generation and recycling efforts within their community. Waste, both the end result and creation of the original material, are a major source of greenhouse gases. Landfills (especially organic products like food waste) release methane gas, which is one of the most potent greenhouse gases. To curb this impact, some communities are aiming to meet waste reduction goals through reducing waste creation and promoting recycling and repurposing. Cities are critically reviewing the city’s individual waste contribution as well as undertaking marketing campaigns to inform residents of waste reduction and recycling strategies. These education campaigns can support initiatives such as composting and recycling. Some cities require trash haulers operating in the community to provide recycling services. Other communities go as far as to set strict waste reduction goals for specific time intervals. Parkville holds two residential cleanup events annually - one in the Spring and the Fall. At these cleanup events, items such as small limbs, leaves and grass, washers and dryers without motors, tires, furniture and household debris. Electronics recycling is handled through a partnership with the Midwest Recycling Center periodically throughout the year. Glass recycling is collected in a Ripple Glass bin behind the Parkville Mid-Continent Public Library. Parkville currently has four curbside trash services available for residents and two provide recycling: Blackshear Disposal and Waste Management. Waste Management’s recycling subscription does allow for glass bottles and containers whereas Blackshear Disposal recommends users drop off glass at the community-wide glass recycling bin, Ripple Glass. Both providers actively encourage waste reduction, recycling and repurposing on their websites. At a minimum, Parkville should seek to expand the Ripple Glass program with convenient locations strategically placed throughout the community. Parkville should consider requiring all trash haulers to provide recycling services. It may also consider performing an audit of the existing waste generation within the City to identify areas for improvement. Finally, the community could improve their marketing of waste reduction strategies through composting and other activities. STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 2.7 • Expand the Ripple Glass program to additional convenient locations throughout Parkville to encourage glass recycling. • Consider requiring all trash haulers to provide recycling services. • Perform an audit of the City’s waste generation and recycling efforts to identify specific areas of improvement. • Continue to promote recycling, waste reduction and composting. Promote recycling and waste reduction in Parkville 140 Parkville 2040 Master Plan SUSTAINABILITY AND THE ENVIRONMENT PARKS IN PARKVILLE Figure 4.14 shows the location of parks and recreation land in Parkville, which includes: • Adams Park • English Landing Park • Gresham Memorial Spirit Fountain Park • Parkville Nature Sanctuary • Platte Landing Park • Downtown Pocket Park • Sullivan Nature Sanctuary • Watkins Park • White Allow Creek Conservation Area In addition to public parks, Parkville has the National Golf Club of Kansas City, a private 18-hole golf course designed by the former professional golfer, Tom Watson. The Riss Lake gated community located south of Tom Watson Parkway and east of Highway 9 has a large private lake and pool house as well as a park. Figure 4.14 Parks Map Parkville City Limits Nearby City Limits County Line Missouri River Parks & Conservation Area Golf Course Park Name Total Acres Adams Park 0.32 English Landing Park 53.60 Gresham Memorial Spirit Fountain Park 0.84 Parkville Nature Sanctuary 38.96 Platte Landing Park 133.58 Pocket Park 0.05 Sullivan Nature Sanctuary 15.52 Watkins Park 1.20 White Alloe Creek Conservation Area 55.39 TOTAL 299.45 Figure 4.13 Existing Land Use, Parkville (2020) NW R i v e r R d 435 NW River Rd Eas t S t 435 9 9 45 45 Tom Watson Pkwy Parkville, Missouri 141 PARKS LEVEL OF SERVICE Park level of service standards (LOS) are based on total park acres available per 1,000 residents. Most cities should aim to have at least 10.5 acres per 1,000 residents. Combined, the parks provide 299.45 acres of parkland for Parkville residents. Based on Parkville’s 2019 population estimate of 6,724, the current LOS for Parkville is 44.53 acres per 1,000 residents, far exceeding the recommended LOS. Parkville will likely continue to meet the minimum LOS for total park acres as it grows. Figure 4.15 shows the park demand estimates based on the average 2030 and 2040 growth projections of 9,299 and 12,277, respectively. However, since must of this park acre total comes from two large community parks on the edge of town and a conservation area, care should still be taken to encourage neighborhood parks as new residential areas are developed over time so new residents are adequately served by parks. The City of Parkville adopted a parks master plan in 2016 to help guide park specific growth and development. It is recommended that the city update this master plan within the next 10 years to account for population growth and other changes that will occur. Neighborhood parks are important community building facilities. Neighborhood parks help increase quality of life and provide opportunities for interaction between residents. Often communities will work with neighborhood residents to determine the look, feel and amenities included within a park to help there be a sense of pride and ownership of the park space. Park Name Existing Acres Needed Acres Existing Park Acres 299.45 - Existing LOS 44.53 0.0 Recommended LOS 10.5 - 2030 Demand Acres 97.6 0.0 2040 Demand Acres 128.9 0.0 Figure 4.15 Existing Land Use, Parkville (2020) 2019 Population Estimate 6,724 Average 2030 Population Projection 9,299 Average 2040 Population Projection 12,277 Figure 4.16 Parkville Existing + Future Population Estimates STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 2.8 • Continue to far exceed the overall park level of service for total park acres in Parkville. • Expand neighborhood parks in residential areas as Parkville grows. • Strive to have all residents live within a reasonable 5- to 15-minute walk from a park. • Adopt new parks master plan within the next 10 years. Maintain a high level of park service for parks and recreation in Parkville 142 Parkville 2040 Master Plan FUTURE PARK SERVICE AREAS Neighborhood park expansion in Parkville should follow the areas of residential growth expansion within the community. Additionally, mixed-use development should aim to have some sort of public or semi-public outdoor space attached for the residents and visitors to recreate and gather. Figure 4.17 shows possible future park service areas based on the proposed locations of residential land during the planning period. The exact location of the park will be determined as the areas development, likely in coordination with the developer constructing the neighborhood. Neighborhood Park Expansion While Parkville meets demand for parks in terms of total acres, one key initiative will be expanding access to neighborhood parks as the community grows, especially in residential land. Neighborhood parks serve approximately a half-mile radius and should be scattered throughout the residential areas of Parkville. The images to the right depict examples of neighborhood park and the type of amenities typically found in those facilities. SUSTAINABILITY AND THE ENVIRONMENT Parkville, Missouri 143 Figure 4.17 Possible Future Park Service Areas, Parkville 2020-2040 Parkville City Limits Low-Density Residential Medium-Density Residential High-Density Residential Parks & Recreation Land Half-Mile Service Area 144 Parkville 2040 Master Plan SUSTAINABILITY AND THE ENVIRONMENT PARKVILLE PARK WALK TIME ANALYSIS Figure 4.18 Walk-Time Analysis for Parks, Parkville, Missouri (2020)A 5-, 10- and 15-minute walk time analysis for park access in Parkville is shown in Figure 4.18. A walk time analysis for public facilities only did reveal some deficits within the residential areas of Parkville. To account for the effective park walkability access for residents living in gated communities or around the National Golf Course of Kansas City neighborhood, the walk time analysis included both public and private recreation facilities. Most of the residential areas of Parkville have walkable park access. Commercial areas along Highway 45 are not currently walkable to parks so any redevelopment should include some sort of green space component and sidewalk / trail expansion to provide access to park and green space. As Parkville continues to grow, it should aim to maintain a reasonable walk time of 5-, 10- or 15-minutes for most residential properties in the community. Parkville City Limits Parks 5 - Minute Walk-time 10 - Minute Walk-Time 15 - Minute Walk-Time Private Park Facilities Parkville, Missouri 145 FUTURE PARK CONSIDERATIONS In addition to neighborhood park expansion and walk time focus, there are other park considerations. Park Trends Even though Parkville meets the acre demand estimate needs for parks, it should continue to evaluate how well the park system meets the needs and desires of residents. Routine surveying of community desires as it relates to parks as well as a continued understanding of industry-wide trends can help Parkville’s parks continue to adequately serve Parkville residents. Some recent trends to keep in mind include: • Inclusive Playgrounds • Technology integration • Tall Playgrounds Life Cycle Evaluation As Parkville grows, life cycle evaluation of its park and recreation facilities will be needed to ensure park facilities remain relevant to residents. Part of this process will mean phasing out facilities or recreation programs that no longer best serve the community. For example, facilities such as horseshoe pits have seen a decline over time while other activities such as pickleball have seen widespread growth. Routine surveying of residents can also assist with this determination. Trail Expansion As Parkville grows, connecting the park system with an adequate trail and sidewalk system between parks should be a priority. This will assist in meeting walk time service area goals. STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 2.9 • Continue to regularly evaluate parks and recreation trends when facility planning. • Regularly perform life cycle evaluations as well as community surveying to ensure programs and facilities continue to meet the desires of Parkville residents. • Connect new and older parks with trail or sidewalk connections. Keep Parkville’s parks and recreation system current and responsive to residents 146 Parkville 2040 Master Plan SUSTAINABILITY AND THE ENVIRONMENT Parkville has a well-established system of trails within large park spaces and nature preserves but very few trails that connect to different locations throughout the community, the exception being the Missouri Riverfront Trail. This public amenity extends northward from Riverside, MO into English Landing Park and with the recent completion of a segment at the just outside the Parkville city limits, recreational users can now travel from Parkville to the Argosy Casino, with future southern extensions planned. The City of Parkville has a great opportunity to expand the current trail network to better connect far reaches of the city and provide a network of recreational opportunities. The recent 45 Highway expansion includes a shared use path, providing a critical east / west connection along that main corridor. The map on the following page captures various opportunities the City of Parkville should consider for trail expansion. Streamways and their associated floodplains are an ideal location for future trails as they provide a scenic route for trail users, is land that is not well suited for many other uses, connects different parts of the city and neighborhoods with other neighborhoods, and is a tool to preserve the streamway corridors from pressures of future development. The Line Creek Trail, to the east of Parkville is a good example of this approach. Another important east / west trail connection important for consideration exists within the overhead utility ROW that traverses through the Thousand Oaks neighborhood. Some stretches of trail exist in this location in that neighborhood and an extension both east and west could connect with other potential future streamway trails. Parkville has been considering establishing the Brush Creek Greenway up the western half of the city from the Missouri Riverfront north to Tiffany Springs Park. The city should continue to pursue this effort as it will provide an important north / south recreational amenity on that side of the city. This effort will require collaboration with Platte County for implementation of this greenway. Additional trail extensions that should be prioritized include the riverfront trail, west from Platte Landing Park into Platte County. TRAILS & CONNECTIVITY STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 2.10 • Continue to expand Parkville’s trail system, especially an east-west connection, relying on streetscapes, stream corridors and utility ROW areas. • Adopt a stream buffer ordinance to help protect sensitive ecological land as well as secure locations for future trails. Enhance Parkville’s connectivity through trail expansion Parkville, Missouri 147 9 45 9 45 45 152 152 29 435 Future Trail Connections Existing Trails Existing Parks / Open Space Legend Future Parks / Open Space Opportunities Riverfront Trail extension Partner with Platte County to extend Riverfront Trail to the west Partner with Platte County to extend Greenway north to Tiffany Springs Park Explore opportunities for additional park space English Landing Park Platte Landing Park Pocket Park Watkins Park Adams Park Parkville Nature Sanctuary Riss Lake Miss o u r i R i v e r Weatherby Lake Lake Waukomis Wyandotte County Lake Sullivan Nature Sanctuary Tiffany Springs Park Brush Cree k Explore additional annexation opportunities adjacent to future trail connections Study feasibility of additional streamway trail facilities Address gap in shared-use path Extend shared-use path to future greenway Establish Brush Creek Greenway Future off-street trail Future trail Extension Future park / open space opportunities Utilize utility ROW for future trail connection TRAILS & CONNECTIVITY Figure 4.19 Trails and Connectivity Strategic Opportunities 148 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Transportation and infrastructure is the beating heart of a community that provide the needed connections, and services to residents and businesses. The Parkville transportation network represents infrastructure ranging from historic beginnings to growing multimodal developments. Many of the features that make the Parkville community unique and attractive – riverfront bluffs, rolling topography, and wooded vistas – also present challenges to transportation connectivity. This section summarizes existing plans and policies, transportation conditions, and multimodal goals and opportunities to improve mobility in Parkville. TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE FOCUS AREA 3 Parkville, Missouri 149 Relationship to Vision & Guiding Principles Transportation impacts nearly all aspects of a community. Safe and efficient transportation must be integrated with land use to ensure high- quality, coordinated development. Connecting communities also requires consideration of multiple modes of transportation including vehicles, transit, bicycles, and pedestrians as well as movement of people and goods by truck and rail. Therefore, transportation opportunities emphasize the concept of Complete Streets to enable safe travel and access for users of all ages and abilities regardless of their mode of transportation. Complete Streets respond to the unique context of the Parkville community to advance the overall vision of blending the historic downtown character, ongoing neighborhood and commercial developments, and the natural landscape that makes Parkville distinctive. RELATIONSHIP TO THE GUIDING PRINCIPLES Community Sustainability Community Character Environmental Stewardship Civic and Open Spaces Integrated Land Uses Transportation Housing 2040 GUIDING PRINCIPLES Downtown Old-Town District 150 Parkville 2040 Master Plan The community’s economic and social systems depend on the ability to transport people and goods. Long-range planning helps ensure the transportation network is able to meet existing transportation needs, expand efficiently to manage future growth, and remain consistent with the Land Use Plan. Roadways Parkville is served by a network of roadways that are generally bordered by two major Interstate highways to the east (I-29) and west (I-435) of the community. Each roadway is identified by functional classification, which is based on the type of land uses and level of traffic movement the roadway is intended to serve. Roadway classifications outline the right-of-way and design standards to aid in construction. The City of Parkville currently uses APWA standards for roadway design, but context appropriate decisions may be needed based on the community’s character and topography. Due to the unique shape of the city limits, coordination with adjacent jurisdictions, such as Platte County and the City of Kansas City, Missouri, is critical to providing connectivity and consistency for users. EXISTING TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE Figure 4.20 Existing Roadways Map Parkville City Limits Nearby City Limits Interstate Freeway Expressway Major Arterial Minor Arterial Collector Local NW R i v e r R d 435 NW River Rd Eas t S t 435 9 9 45 45 Tom Watson Pkwy Parkville, Missouri 151 The functional classification hierarchy for Parkville includes: interstate, expressway, major arterial, minor arterial, collector, and local roadways. Characteristics that generally define the functional classification of roadways encompass connectivity, number of travel lanes, traffic volume, speed, and degree of access. Interstate A multi-lane roadway intended to accommodate high traffic volume between major destinations at high speeds with no at-grade direct access for adjoining land uses. Expressway A multi-lane roadway intended to accommodate high traffic volume between regional destinations at moderate to high speeds with limited at-grade access for adjoining land uses. Major Arterial A multi-lane roadway intended to accommodate high traffic volume at moderate speeds with at- grade access for adjoining land uses. EXISTING TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS Photo Example : I-435 Photo Example : 45 Highway Photo Example : 9 Highway B A C C B A 152 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Minor Arterial A 2-3 lane roadway intended to accommodate moderate traffic volume at lower speeds with more context-sensitive design to the surrounding area and topography. Collector A 2-3 lane roadway intended to accommodate low traffic volume at low speeds. Local A 2-lane roadway intended to accommodate low traffic volume at low speeds while providing direct access to abutting properties. EXISTING TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE Photo Example : Brink-Meyer Road Photo Example : Riss Lake Drive/Lakeview Drive Photo Example : River Hills Drive E D F F E D Parkville, Missouri 153 Roadways with lower functional classification tend to provide an environment that is considered more bicycle and pedestrian friendly due to lower traffic volumes, lower speeds, and shorter crossing distances. However, multimodal accommodations, with varying facility types based on corridor characteristics, should be emphasized on nearly all roadway classifications to emphasize a Complete Streets approach. Bicycle and pedestrian facilities are key elements to ensuring that major transportation corridors are not barriers to multimodal connectivity in the community. Classification Connectivity Lanes Traffic Volume Speed Access Interstate High 4+ Lanes High High Low Expressway High 4+ Lanes High High Low Major Arterial High 4+ Lanes High Moderate Moderate Minor Arterial Moderate 2-3 Lanes Moderate Low Moderate Collector Low 2-3 Lanes Moderate Low Moderate Local Low 2 Lanes Low Low High Source: TransSystems Figure 4.21 Functional Classification Summary EXISTING TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS NW Bell Road (Collector)Tom Watson Parkway (Expressway) looking east at 9 Highway 9 Highway (Major Arterial) looking west in Downtown Parkville 154 Parkville 2040 Master Plan The Major Roadway Plan represents the existing and future potential roadway network in Parkville and the surrounding planning area. To ensure coordination with neighboring jurisdictions, roadway functional classification is consistent with recommendations beyond the city limits. MAJOR ROADWAY PLAN TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE Figure 4.22 Major Roadways Plan Parkville City Limits Interstate Freeway Expressway Major Arterial Minor Arterial Future Minor Arterial Collector Future Collector Local NW R i v e r R d 435 NW River Rd Eas t S t 435 9 9 45 45 Tom Watson Pkwy Parkville, Missouri 155 The Parkville community cherishes the existing trail system of shared-use paths including the English Landing Park Trail, Platte Landing Park Trail, and the Southern Platte Pass Trail along Highway 45. A priority trail connection was also recently constructed to complete the gap between the English Landing Park Trail and the Missouri Riverfront Trail in Riverside. Several existing hiking trails are also located within parks such as the Parkville Nature Sanctuary, Sullivan Nature Sanctuary, White Alloe Creek Conservation Area, and Parma Woods Conservation Area. While Parkville currently has no designated on- street bicycle facilities, available data from Strava (a GPS cycling and running phone app) provides insight to corridors commonly used for on-street biking. These corridors include segments of Highway 9, Main Street, Bell Road, River Road, Lakeview Drive, Riss Lake Drive, National Drive, Lime Stone Road, Hampton Road, Union Chapel Road, Nevada Avenue, and Thousand Oaks Drive. However, nearby Kansas City, Missouri and Riverside have a network of on-street and off-street bicycle facilities that provide connections to the greater active transportation network. A series of recommendations for improved bicycle and pedestrian networks within Parkville can be found later in this section. BICYCLES & PEDESTRIANS 156 Parkville 2040 Master Plan To build upon this network, the Active Transportation Map summarizes existing facilities (both on-street and off-street) and potential bicycle facilities for future consideration. Due to the unique shape of the city limits, coordination with Platte County and adjacent cities will be critical in developing a cohesive active transportation network. As identified on the map, key points for network coordination include: • Crooked Road and Childress Avenue (north to Platte County) • Lingley Drive and 73rd Street (northeast to Kansas City) • Highway 9 (northeast to Kansas City) • Klamm Road (northeast to Kansas City) • 56th Street (east to Riverside) • River Road (west to Platte County) BICYCLES & PEDESTRIANS TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE Figure 4.23 Active Transportation Map Parkville City Limits Primary Road Stream Bicycle Facility Future Bicycle Facility Trail Future Trail Network Coordination Trail Coordination NW R i v e r R d 435 NW River Rd Eas t S t 435 9 9 45 45 Tom Watson Pkwy Parkville, Missouri 157 A range of bicycle facility types may be considered depending on the corridor context, anticipated use, and community input. Facility types to explore generally include protected bike lanes, shared-use paths, recreational trails, buffered bike lanes, conventional bike lanes, shared lanes, and signed bicycle routes. Other innovative facility types continue to be explored as the interest and demand in active transportation continues to grow. Existing and potential recreational trails are also outlined in the Active Transportation Map. Many of the trails build upon Parkville’s natural assets including rivers and steamways. The potential network creates a series of recreational trail loops that connect to city destinations. For example, a shorter loop in eastern Parkville connects to the Riss Lake neighborhood, Missouri Riverfront, downtown Parkville, and Park University. Longer trail loops may encompass Rush Creek or Brush Creek to provide connectivity to the Missouri Riverfront, Highway 45, and downtown Parkville. Coordination with Platte County and adjacent cities will again be critical to developing trail corridors that cross jurisdictional boundaries. As identified on the map, key points for trail coordination include: • Missouri Riverfront Trail (west to Platte County) • Brush Creek Trail (north to Kansas City) • Southern Platte Pass Trail (west to Parkville and Platte County) • Rush Creek Trail (north-south within Platte County) • Utility Easement Trail (east-west within Platte County) • Coffey Road Trail (northeast to Kansas City) BICYCLES & PEDESTRIANS Shared Lanes Buffered Bike Lane Shared-Use Path Recreational Trail Protected Bike Lane Conventional Bike Lane 158 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Many neighborhoods in Parkville have a reasonable pedestrian network consisting of sidewalk or wider shared-use paths. The Sidewalk Map provides a summary of shared-use path and sidewalk connectivity within Parkville and potential areas for improvement. Many newer neighborhoods have sidewalk on at least one side of the street, but additional sidewalk could be considered to encompass both sides of the street, particularly on roadways with a functional classification of collector or higher. Development standards could also be updated to address accessibility needs on short street segments and cul-de-sacs. In contrast, older neighborhoods, particularly near downtown Parkville or along Highway 9 may lack sidewalk on both sides of the street. As identified on the map, key sidewalks gaps to address areas with limited accommodations and/or to connect to the existing trail network include: • National Drive (north of Highway 45) • Southern Platte Pass Trail (near Parkville Commons) • Highway 9 (Highway 45 to downtown Parkville) • Bell Road (Highway 45 to downtown Parkville) • Lakeview Drive (Highway 9 to Riss Lake dam) BICYCLES & PEDESTRIANS TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE Figure 4.24 Sidewalk Map Parkville City Limits Sidewalk Both Sides Sidewalk One Side No Sidewalk Sidewalk Under Construction Sidewalk Gaps NW R i v e r R d 435 NW River Rd Eas t S t 435 9 9 45 45 Tom Watson Pkwy Parkville, Missouri 159 RideKC is the public transportation system in the Kansas City region, which includes the Kansas City Area Transportation Authority (KCATA) that serves the Platte County area. RideKC aims to connect people to opportunities through a safe, reliable, and innovative public transportation system that can grow to meet the changing transit needs of the Kansas City region. Currently, Route 229: Boardwalk-KCI is the only route in proximity to Parkville as it generally travels along I-29 to connect downtown Kansas City, Missouri to the Kansas City International Airport. Route 229 currently operates on both weekdays and weekends with a stop at Highway 45 (64th Street) and Prairie View Road. The Route 9 Corridor Study (2016) explored the opportunity for additional transit serve along Highway 9 to serve Park University students, Platte County Health Department patrons, visitors during community events, and the local population. In the study, bus stops were recommended along Highway 9 at 1st Street, 5th Street, 12th Street, and a loop near Parkville Commons. While the SmartMoves 3.0 Regional Transit Vision (2020) acknowledges that transit propensity in Platte County is generally much lower than other areas in the Kansas City region, it also identified downtown Parkville as a long-term mobility hub. A potential route serving the mobility hub, likely located near 1st Street or the Farmer’s Market pavilion, would connect the Boardwalk Square Metro Center to downtown Parkville via Highway 9. TRANSIT 160 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Throughout the planning process, residents identified the need to improve the transportation network as a top priority. Improvement concepts range from new street connections, roadway upgrades, intersection improvements, and multimodal accommodations. The transportation and infrastructure strategic opportunities are shown on the map to the right and listed below. TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITIES TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE Parkville City Limits Existing Future Strategic Opportunities Figure 4.25 Transportation Strategic Opportunities Map NW R i v e r R d 435 NW River Rd Eas t S t 435 9 9 45 45 Tom Watson Pkwy 14 9 Highway 45 Highway River Road (Route FF) Coffey Road Bell Road Bell Road “Connector” Crooked Road Brink Meyer Road Lakeview Road and Riss Lake Drive Jones-Meyer Road National Drive 9 Highway / East Street / 1st Street Downtown Parkville Mobility Hub Transit-Supportive Development 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.12 3.11 3.13 3.14 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.9 3.11 3.15 3.13 3.14 3.153.13.6 3.7 3.15 3.8 3.2 3.7 Main St. / East St. Railroad Crossing 3.1 Parkville, Missouri 161 9 Highway 9 Highway is generally a two-lane major arterial that serves as the “Main Street” of the community and a key gateway to downtown Parkville. 9 45 B 9 9 A Park University Riverside Downtown Parkville Riss Lake English Landing Park A B 45 Figure 4.26 Highway 9 Strategic Opportunities STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 3.0 • Advance the Route 9 Corridor Study (2016) including an improved two-lane roadway section with multimodal accommodations and stormwater infrastructure from Highway 45 to East Street/1st Street. • Consider additional travel lanes from East Street/1st Street to the existing four-lane roadway section near the eastern city limits. • Coordinate with MoDOT, Mid-America Regional Council, Platte County, City of Riverside, and Park University as appropriate to implement improvements. Future Transit Line / Stops Southern Platte Pass Trail Multi-Modal Accomodations / Stormwater Infrastructure Consider Additional Travel Lanes Legend B A Alternate Transit RoutesA/B 162 Parkville 2040 Master Plan TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE 45 4545 45 Parkville Riss Lake Explore Crooked Road RealignmentPlatte County Ha m p t o n R o a d Un i o n C h a p e l R o a d 435 Planned Brush Creek Greenway 9 Parkville CommonsPotential future trail Potential future trail Figure 4.27 45 Highway Strategic Opportunities 45 Highway Southern Platte Pass Trail Potential Future Trails Future Roadway Realignment Legend 45 Highway 45 Highway is an east-west expressway that experienced significant capacity expansion from a two-lane roadway section to a four-lane roadway section. Major corridor and intersection improvements along Highway 45 occurred from Highway 9 to Hampton Road/Union Chapel Road in 2012 and from Union Chapel Road to I-435 in 2017. STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 3.1 • Advance the Highway 45 Corridor Plan (2016) including beautification efforts and amenities to provide a cohesive corridor identity. • Continue to balance the provision of efficient access, provide connections to the Southern Platte Pass Trail, preserve the natural and scenic character of the area, and encourage quality development. • Coordinate with MoDOT, Mid-America Regional Council, and Platte County, as appropriate to implement improvements. Parkville, Missouri 163 9 435 Downtown FF Parkville Platte County River Road Explore potential bicycle and pedestrian accomodations Neighborhood Connections Planned Brush Creek Greenway Potential future trail River Road (Route FF) River Road / Mill Street is a two-lane, east-west minor arterial that follows the Missouri River bluffs from downtown Parkville, past I-435, and continues northwest towards the City of Leavenworth and City of Weston. Although not currently designated as a bicycle route, River Road is commonly utilized by on-street bicyclists due to its generally flat terrain and scenic character. Explore the potential for safe bicycle and pedestrian accommodations on River Road while providing context- sensitive access to developing neighborhoods within Parkville and Platte County. River Road (FF) Future Bike / Ped Accomodations Neighborhood Connections Potential Future Trails Legend Figure 4.28 River Road (FF) Strategic Opportunities Map STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 3.2 • Explore the potential for safe bicycle and pedestrian accommodations on River Road while providing context-sensitive access to developing neighborhoods within Parkville and Platte County. 164 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Coffey Road Coffey Road is a rural, two-lane roadway that connects to Highway 9 at an unsignalized intersection near the eastern city limits. While the corridor currently provides limited connectivity to an industrial site and a few residences, corridor right-of-way extends north to Spinnaker Pointe within the Riss Lake neighborhood. However, there is limited public support to fully connect the Coffey Road corridor for vehicular traffic due to concerns that the roadway would be used as a regional bypass alternative to Highway 9. TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE 45 9 Klamm Road Potential connection between Klamm Road and Coffey Road Potential extension of Spinnaker Pointe to accomodate additional housing development Use ROW to create greater trail loop Coffey Road Industrial Site Housing A B C Figure 4.29 Coffey Road Strategic Opportunities Map STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 3.3 • Coordinate with Kansas City, Missouri to connect the recently improved Klamm Road, which has an existing signalized intersection at Highway 45, to Coffey Road to create a new north-south collector. • Extend Spinnaker Pointe southward from the Riss Lake neighborhood to accommodate additional residential development without creating a direct vehicular connection to Highway 9. • Utilize the available Coffey Road right-of-way as a trail connection to create a greater tail loop in eastern Parkville with connections to Park University, downtown Parkville, and the Missouri Riverfront. A B C Parkville, Missouri 165 Bell Road Bell Road is a two-lane, north-south collector roadway from Highway 45 to Hamilton Road that lacks shoulders, multimodal accommodations, and access control. The corridor provides key connectivity to the Parkville Commons shopping district, civic destinations, and diverse housing areas with the potential for additional future development. In addition, many residents use Bell Road and Lime Stone Road to access neighborhoods along National Drive. 9 45 Parkville Commons Downtown North of Downtown Area Plan S Natio n a l D r i v e Lime Stone Road Figure 4.30 Bell Road Strategic Opportunities Map Bell Road Enhancements Bell Road Extension North of Downtown Area Plan Legend STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 3.4 • Advocate for and implement a corridor study to properly size the corridor, address sightline and stormwater issues, and include shoulders, sidewalks, and crosswalks to provide safe multimodal facilities. • Explore the potential to extend improvements south to enhance access to downtown Parkville. 166 Parkville 2040 Master Plan TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE Bell Road Connector East-west connectivity through Parkville is generally limited due to topography and jurisdictional boundaries. A new road between Highway 9 and Bell Road would provide an east-west connection to help alleviate this issue. A high-level assessment of potential alignments considered options between three potential eastern termini (Platte County Community Center South driveway, Lakeview Drive, and Main Street) and three potential western termini (Lime Stone Road, 60th Street, and 59th Terrace). While multiple combinations could be further evaluated, the analysis explored four potential alignments for comparison. For planning purposes, the Bell Road Connector was assumed to be a residential collector with a design speed of 30 mph and 8% maximum grades. High-level feasibility factors in the analysis included connectivity, economic development impact, environmental impact, property impacts, and terrain. Terrain is a significant challenge within area, particularly with two stream channels between Highway 9 and Bell Road. For example, the 60th Street terminus has an elevation approximately 25 feet higher than the 59th Terrace terminus. Therefore, alignments that connect to the 60th Street terminus would require extensive fill and embankment, resulting in higher construction cost. Embankment can be a critical issue and construction of the Bell Road Connector would preferably be paired with site development in order to provide a cohesive strategy to address terrain, drainage, and STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 3.5 • Continue to evaluate the feasibility of this new east-west connection and coordinate with future development to preserve right- of-way. sight distance issues. However, while Alignment B and Alignment C would represent higher-cost options due to the western connection at 60th Street, they are generally anticipated to have fewer environmental impacts and property impacts. Overall, further study of Bell Road and the Bell Road Connector is recommended to evaluate the feasibility of this new east-west connection and coordinate with future development to preserve right- of-way. Additional alignments between the eastern and western termini options could be evaluated beyond the four potential alignments reviewed for this study. Trail options could also be explored in coordination with the Bell Road Connector concept. With the exception of Alignment A, the potential alignments would require a box culvert or similar structure for the stream corridor to pass under the roadway. A north-south trail could generally follow the stream corridor to cross the roadway at-grade or below-grade via culvert “tunnel.” If feasibility factors limit the ability to construct the Bell Road Connector as a roadway for vehicular traffic, the corridor could also be explored as a trail corridor to provide bicycle and pedestrian connectivity while reducing project costs. Parkville, Missouri 167 Bell Road Connector (cont.) Figure 4.31 Potential Bell Road Connector Alignments Feasibility Factor Alignment A Alignment B Alignment C Alignment D Community Center to Lime Stone Road 60th Street to Lakeview Drive 60th Street to Main Street 59th Terrace to Main Street Connectivity Lime Stone Road pro- vides a continuation of east-west connectivity, but the alignment is located in close proximity to other east-west corridors such as 63rd Street. The signalized inter- section at Lakeview Drive could be improved to a four-leg intersection. The align- ment is located near the mid-point between Highway 45 and down- town Parkville. The skewed intersec- tion at Main Street could be improved to a roundabout. The alignment is located near the mid-point be- tween Highway 45 and downtown Parkville. The skewed intersec- tion at Main Street could be improved to a roundabout. The alignment is roughly located near the mid- point between High- way 45 and downtown Parkville. Economic Development Impact The area is generally already developed due to proximity to the Parkville Commons Shopping Center and recreational destina- tions. The area has some potential for develop- ment near the Lakev- iew Drive intersection, but feasibility may be limited due to terrain. The area has low potential for development due to complexity associated with the Main Street in- tersection, terrain, and a nearby cemetery. The area has low potential for development due to complexity associated with the Main Street in- tersection, terrain, and a nearby cemetery. Environmental Impact Due to the eastern ter- minus, the alignment is in close proximity to a detention area. The alignment generally provides a buffer from the stream corridor. The alignment generally provides a buffer from the stream corridor. Due to the western ter- minus, the alignment is in close proximity to a stream. Property Impacts Major property im- pacts are anticipated, particularly the Com- munity Center and the Athletic Complex. Moderate property impacts are antici- pated to residential and commercial properties. Moderate property impacts are antici- pated to residential and commercial properties. Minor property impacts are antici- pated to residential properties. Terrain A stream crossing could be avoided and there are fewer terrain challenges. Therefore, the alignment is likely a lower cost. Steep slopes and terrain would require significant embank- ment. Therefore, the alignment is likely a higher cost. Steep slopes and terrain would require significant embank- ment. Therefore, the alignment is likely a higher cost. Moderate slopes and terrain would require some embankment. Therefore, the alignment is likely a moderate cost. 168 Parkville 2040 Master Plan TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE Crooked Road Crooked Road is a two-lane, north-south minor arterial that provides connectivity through Parkville and Platte County. The offset alignment of Crooked Road at Highway 45 creates an atypical intersection. Similar to other locations along Highway 45, a roundabout could be a potential option for the realigned Crooked Road intersection. Explore Crooked Road Realignment Parkville Platte County Figure 4.32 Crooked Road Strategic Opportunities Map STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 3.6 • Realign Crooked Road at Highway 45 to eliminate offset access and provide additional opportunity for economic development. • Ensure access management, provide bicycle and pedestrian facilities, and address stormwater management as segments of Crooked Road are improved. Parkville, Missouri 169 Brink Meyer Road Brink Meyer Road is a north-south minor arterial extending from Highway 45 to the recent Creekside Development. In coordination with development, Brink Meyer Road has been improved to a two-lane urban section (with left-turn turn lanes as needed) and a shared-use path on one side of the roadway. River Road Creekside Development 435 45 Parkville Platte County Planned Brush Creek Greenway Explore potential bicycle and pedestrian accomodations Brink Meyer Road Figure 4.33 Brink Meyer Road Strategic Opportunities Map STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 3.7 • Continue to develop Brink Meyer Road in a manner that is consistent with the needs of surrounding land use as well as multimodal expectations of the community. • Explore the extension of Brink Meyer Road to River Road in order to enhance north-south connectivity. Factors such as topography, right-of- way preservation, proximity to I-435, and proximity to Brush Creek will need to be considered when assessing the feasibility of extending Brink Meyer Road. 170 Parkville 2040 Master Plan TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE Jones-Meyer Road Jones-Meyer Road is a rural, two-lane minor arterial from I-435 (terminus of Highway 152) to Highway 45. 152Platte County Parkville 435 45 Jones Meyer Road Figure 4.34 Jones Meyer Road Strategic Opportunities Map STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 3.8 • In coordination with long-term development, advocate for right-of-way preservation and improvements to Jones-Meyer Road to handle increased traffic volume and multimodal accommodations. • Coordinate with other jurisdictions including MoDOT, KDOT, Mid-America Regional Council, Platte County, Leavenworth County, and the City of Leavenworth to remain involved with any discussions regarding a potential new bi-state Missouri River crossing that may impact corridors such as Jones-Meyer Road. Parkville, Missouri 171 Lakeview Road and Riss Lake Drive Riss Lake Drive and Lakeview Drive form a two-lane collector network within the Riss Lake neighborhood. While the corridor generally has sidewalk on one side of the roadway, multimodal accommodations could be further enhanced. Multimodal accommodations may also serve as traffic calming techniques to control vehicular speed within the neighborhood. 9 45 Ris s L a k e D r . Explore potential on-street bicycle accomodations NW L a k e v i e w D r . Riss Lake Figure 4.35 NW Lakeview Dr. / Riss Lake Dr. Strategic Opportunities Map STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 3.9 • Explore the potential to integrate an appropriate bicycle facility within the existing ROW (on-street bike lanes or off-street shared use path) and recommend further study to determine best solution and priority. • Continue to provide highly-visible, safe pedestrian crossings. 172 Parkville 2040 Master Plan TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE National Drive National Drive is a two-lane, north-south collector that generally serves The National Golf Club neighborhood. While the corridor generally has sidewalks on at least one side of the roadway, multimodal accommodations could be further enhanced. Multimodal accommodations may also serve as traffic calming techniques to control vehicular speed within the neighborhood. National Dr. Explore potential on-street bicycle accomodations Address gap in sidewalkCrook e d R d . Figure 4.36 National Drive Strategic Opportunities Map STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 3.10 • Explore the potential to add on-street bicycle facilities that consider residential on-street parking needs. • Address sidewalk gaps, particularly leading to Highway 45 and the Southern Platte Pass Trail, and continue to provide highly-visible, safe pedestrian crossings. Parkville, Missouri 173 Highway 9 / East Street / 1st Street Intersection The “triangle” intersection at downtown Parkville consisting of Highway 9, East Street, and 1st Street has been assessed in previous studies including the Parkville Regional Multimodal Access and Livable Community Study (2013), Vision Downtown Parkville (2014), and Route 9 Corridor Study (2016). Previous intersection improvement concepts have recommended a roundabout or a traffic signal at the East Street and 1st Street intersection with a sweeping right-turn lane to continue along Highway 9. Downtown Park University1st St. Ea s t S t . 9 River Rd. Figure 4.37 Highway 9 / 1st Street Strategic Opportunities Map STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 3.11 • Improve the intersection to increase capacity, reduce congestion, and provide safe pedestrian crossings. Improvements could also serve as an enhanced gateway to downtown Parkville and a catalyst for redevelopment. 174 Parkville 2040 Master Plan TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE Railroad Crossing at Main Street / East Street The BNSF Railway corridor, which generally travels parallel to Highway 9 and River Road, was an important contributor to the growth of historic Parkville. However, the rail corridor also creates a barrier between downtown Parkville to the north and popular destinations including English Landing Park, Platte Landing Park, and English Landing Shopping Center to the south. An estimated 32 trains travel the railroad corridor daily at speeds up to 60 mph. The at-grade rail crossings at Main Street and East Street have been assessed in previous studies including Vision Downtown Parkville (2014) and the Route 9 Corridor Study (2016). To enhance pedestrian access across the railroad, previous concepts have recommended at-grade connections through a new intersection at 1st Street and improvements to the pedestrian experience near the rail crossings. A Quiet Zone has also been explored in the past, but improvements would need to balance the safety of all users in the downtown area. STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 3.12 • Continue to study the implementation of railroad crossing enhancements that could include at-grade connections through a new intersection at 1st Street and/or the implementation of a quiet zone. Parkville, Missouri 175 Downtown Parkville Mobility Hub Although Parkville is not currently served by transit, the regional SmartMoves 3.0 Regional Transit Vision identified downtown Parkville as a potential long-term mobility hub with a transit route connecting Boardwalk Square Metro Center (located near I-29 and Highway 152) to Parkville via Highway 9. A mobility hub is a physical location that acts as a converging point for different types of transportation and allows for easy transfer between modes. Mobility hubs can also serve as economic development catalysts by increasing access to employment, shopping, and housing. Integrate walkability and other transit-supportive development features into the downtown Parkville area to support a future mobility hub. Transit-Supportive Development at Activity Centers In addition to a future mobility hub in downtown Parkville, other activity centers such as Parkville Commons or the Creekside Development could be served by transit in the future. Traditional fixed route transit may also not always be the primary solution to providing public transportation within Parkville. STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 3.13 • Coordinate with regional partners including the Mid-America Regional Council and KCATA to advocate for future transit service. STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 3.14 • Prioritize bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure within a half-mile of key activity centers to create transit- supportive nodes. • Explore other mobility strategies such as micro transit and first/last-mile connections to increase transit access. 176 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Strategic Development will meet the demands for housing and services in the community while also enhancing the overall character of Parkville. As Parkville continues to grow, new developments will be proposed to fill the continuing demand for new residential, commercial and industrial land uses. Development should be intentional, harmonize with the character of Parkville and fill a demand for the services and amenities it provides. Focus Area 4 will highlight the importance of housing diversity, resilient commercial and retail area, high-quality mixed-use developments, as well as the importance of intentional public open spaces that assist in creating a high quality of life for Parkville residents. Also discussed in this chapter will be the existing land use of Parkville and infill development opportunities. STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT FOCUS AREA 4 Parkville, Missouri 177 RELATIONSHIP TO THE GUIDING PRINCIPLES Focus Area 4 - Strategic Development relates to many of the 2040 Guiding Principles. Most directly, it relates to Community Character because strategic development will ensure that future projects of all different scales will add to the community character based on the community’s priorities and preferences. Indirectly, Strategic Development also relates to Integrated Land Uses as it will be the Future Land Use Plan that helps guide which types of development are appropriate in particular areas of the community. Strategic Development is particularly important in the Downtown Old-District as that area of the city is cherished because of its existing character. Therefore, any new development must harmonize with the existing built environment. Community Sustainability Community Character Environmental Stewardship Civic and Open Spaces Integrated Land Uses Transportation Housing 2040 GUIDING PRINCIPLES Downtown Old-Town District 178 Parkville 2040 Master Plan STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT 45 152 29 435 Downtown Parkville Parkville Commons 45 Highway / NW Graden Road 45 Highway / NW Crooked Road 45 STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENTSTRATEGIC OPPORTUNITIES Specific areas throughout the city of Parkville were a focus for strategic infill development opportunities. The areas indicated on the map to the right represent existing important commercial and residential nodes within the community or areas with future development potential along key corridors. Redevelopment areas include: • Downtown Parkville • Parkville Commons • 45 Highway / NW Graden Road • 45 Highway / NW Crooked Road 4.0 Encourage and support developments that provide diverse housing options, resilient retail, mixed-use development and quality public land Figure 4.38 Infill Development Strategic Opportunities Parkville, Missouri 179 Housing Choice Parkville’s housing stock today is primarily composed of single-family detached residential homes and neighborhoods. There are some multi- family housing options available near the Parkville Commons area and more planned in the Creekside development. The updated master plan has identified strategic locations for new housing types through new or redevelopment. By diversifying the housing stock in Parkville, the community will be able to welcome more residents, young and old, who may not desire or be ready for home ownership. It will increase the availability of housing for Park University students. New families or households moving to Parkville will be able to find temporary transitional housing while they search for their permanent home. Likewise, housing choice will provide realistic options for lower-income households. Housing choice helps build resiliency, especially in suburban communities. Typically, multifamily housing is a tax positive for communities compared to the service cost to benefit ratio of single-family, low density housing alone. It provides options for people from all backgrounds, ages, and income levels. The quality of multifamily housing can be managed through the use of design standards that call for high quality building materials, durability and quality site design. The market analysis suggests Parkville could capture approximately 650-700 units of multifamily housing by 2030. STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT CONSIDERATIONSSTRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 4.1 • Allow for multi-family housing choice in strategically placed locations and mixed-use developments. • Review multi-family design standards to ensure high quality materials, design and durability. • Add new housing within walking distance of retail, including Downtown, Parkville Commons, and Creekside. Provide a well-rounded mix of housing choices for current and future Parkville residents 180 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Resilient Commercial / Retail Areas A healthy, resilient community should have a mix of land use types including commercial and industrial areas. Pre-COVID, retail was already experiencing changes that were expedited by COVID and the rise of online shopping. The future of big box and standalone retail will look different in the future. One way to combat these market changes is by remaining flexible in the commercial areas and making them a destination for residents and visitors. The long-term need for drive-thru retail and restaurant facilities and outdoor seating may be a permanent fixture in commercial areas and Parkville should be ready to work with their commercial property owners to allow for these ebbs and flows. Another way to increase flexibility into retail and other commercial businesses is through the expansion of mixed-use developments. Figure 4.39 shows the commercial building locations within Parkville. STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT CONSIDERATIONS STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT Figure 4.39 Commercial Building Locations Multifamily Retail Office Industrial CoStar (2020) STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 4.2 • Continue to be flexible with retail establishments as it relates to evolving consumer expectations. • Promote existing and add office space near Parkville restaurants. • Add housing, especially multi-family housing, within walking distance of retail. Work to ensure Parkville’s retail areas remain resilient and viable Parkville, Missouri 181 STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT CONSIDERATIONS Mixed-Use Development Mixed-Use development is a strategic way to add a variety of different land uses within one development and also add density to your community in a thoughtful and intentional way. Increasing density has several positive benefits ranging from environmental and sustainable implications as well as offering the ability to meet the demands for certain types of housing or commercial / office offerings. Parkville has ample land for future development and with future annexation possibilities, encouraging and approving mixed-use walkable developments will have to be a matter of values on behalf of the city and public feedback. Mixed-Use developments are generally multi-story buildings with commercial or office uses on the first one or two floors with residential typically the best use for the upper stories. Depending on the context of the mixed-use development, the buildings should relate to a pedestrian-oriented streetscape environment with some on-street parking provided and the majority of parking screened from the main ROW either in a rear surface or structured parking situation. Some examples of mixed-use developments can be seen in the images to the right. Mixed-use developments should also be encouraged to incorporate privatized public space as a part of the project to add to the public amenities already within the community. This will also help to make the developments unique and sustain foot traffic. STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 4.3 • Adopt a mixed-use zoning district to allow for developments with a flexible mix of retail, office and multi-family residential uses. • Work closely with developers to navigate the more complex nature of mixed-use developments. • Require any new mixed-use developments to provide public or semi-public open space. Promote and support the addition of mixed-use developments in Parkville 182 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Quality Public Land Just as important as residential, commercial and industrial land uses that generate revenue, is high quality public land. This land can include everything from city facilities such as city hall, libraries and public safety, to parks and trails. Parkville has in a place a robust collection of public lands in the form of destination parks, neighborhood parks, pocket parks and nature preserves as well as city facilities. Long-term investments in these types of public land is an investment in the quality of life for Parkville residents, both current and future. It is important that to the extent possible, public facilities and park land should be accessible to all residents and also be connected via multi-purpose trails, sidewalks, paths, roadways and future transit. Having well connected spaces and facilities will help increase the equity of these spaces. For example, not all neighborhoods in Parkville can have amenities such as a nature preserve or a community center, but if those amenities are adequately connected with multi-modal considerations, then the actual physical location is less inaccessible to a broader swath of the community. Parkville should continue to invest in their public spaces and facilities through increased maintenance and the implementation of modern aesthetic and functional improvements. STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT CONSIDERATIONS STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 4.4 • Leverage Platte Landing Park, English Landing Park and other high quality outdoor spaces to bring in visitors and foot traffic. • Promote outdoor recreation based economic development in Parkville. • Enhance the outdoor parks and recreation land in Parkville through improved amenities. Maintain a robust stock of quality public land Parkville, Missouri 183 Figure 4.40 Infill Development Area Map, Parkville, Missouri INFILL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY AREAS What is Infill Development? Infill Development is defined as the development of vacant or under-used parcels within an existing urban area that are already largely developed or served by public infrastructure. Infill development can be the most sustainable form of development because it does not typically require the destruction of a greenspace site for entrance into the built environment. Costs are also reduced because of existing utility connections. One downside can be the risk of brownfields. Brownfields are often former industrial or commercial sites where future use may be affected by real or perceived environmental contamination. The environmental contamination threat can take several forms but is often associated with soil contamination because of hazardous waste used by occupants of the sites previous use. Three main potential infill development areas have been identified within Parkville’s existing city limits. The existing and proposed future uses are described on the following pages. The three infill sites include: • Downtown Parkville • Parkville Commons • Highway 45 & NW Graden Road Area • Highway 45 & NW Crooked Road Area These proposed uses are just possible examples of what could be developed at the sites should the property owner wish to redevelop according to the highest and best use of the land. Figure 4.40 shows the approximate location of each area within Parkville. Downtown Parkville Parkville Commons Highway 45 & NW Graden Road Highway 45 & NW Crooked Road NW R i v e r R d 435 NW River Rd Eas t S t 435 9 9 45 45 Tom Watson Pkwy 184 Parkville 2040 Master Plan E 1st Stree t Hwy 9 NW River Ro a d Ma i n S t r e e t NW C r o o k e d R o a d Downtown Parkville There are locations within the area known as Parkville Commons, shown below, that could benefit from infill redevelopment based on the location, neighboring land uses and site dimensions. 1. Protecting the Downtown Parkville Boundary The boundaries of Downtown Parkville should be protected to help enhance the corridor’s healthy and vibrancy. 2. Expanding Downtown Mixed-Use The parcels located along East Street should ideally be preserved as part of the downtown mixed-use district. Any redevelopment of parcels in this corridor should be within the downtown mixed-use characteristics. 1 1 1 22 2 PROPOSED LAND USE Low Density Residential Downtown Mixed-Use Open Space City / Public Proposed[] E 1st Stree t NW River Roa d Ma i n S t r e e t NW C r o o k e d R o a d Hwy 9 1 1 1 22 2 Low Density Residential Downtown Mixed-Use Open Space City / Public Commercial INFILL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY AREAS STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT EXISTING LAND USESTRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 4.5 • Promote the expansion of Downtown Mixed-Use development and redevelopment downtown as identified on the Future Land Use Plan Downtown - Pursue infill development and redevelopment to achieve the best land use in Parkville Parkville, Missouri 185 Parkville Commons Shown below are potential infill developments for the Parkville Commons area. 1. Southwest Corner of NW Bell Rd & Tom Watson Pkwy This area is undeveloped today and could be a suitable location for a mixed-use development with a commercial and residential mix. 2. Bus Barn at NW 63rd & NW Bell Rd This area, long-term, could be a suitable location for a high-density residential redevelopment given its proximity to commercial areas and other multi-family development. 3. North of Parkville City Hall The open space north of Parkville’s city hall is a suitable location for a mixed-use development given its location, access to nearby commercial and its site dimensions. 4. Area West of East Street The land located on the west side of East Street is a suitable location for mixed-use redevelopment. The area is conveniently located between Parkville Commons and Downtown Parkville, which makes it an attractive option for a residential and commercial mix. 5. Area East of NW Bell Rd and West of East Street This area could be, long-term, a suitable location for medium-density residential redevelopment. This could serve as a transition buffer area to the single-family residential to the south and west. NW 64th StreetTom Watson Pkwy NW B e l l R o a d S N a t i o n a l D r i v e NW 60th Street Lime Stone Rd NW B e l l R o a d Hig h w a y 9 Ea s t S t r e e t 1 2 3 4 5 Low Density Residential Medium Density Residential High Density Residential Commercial Business Park City / Public Open Space INFILL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY AREAS EXISTING LAND USE Tom Watson Pkwy NW B e l l R o a d Ea s t S t r e e t S N a t i o n a l D r i v e NW 60th Street Lime Stone Rd NW B e l l R o a d Hig h w a y 9 Riss Lake NW 64th Street Low Density Residential Medium Density Residential High Density Residential Commercial Mixed-Use Business Park City / Public Proposed[] PROPOSED LAND USE STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 4.6 • Enhance Parkville Commons through the integration of additional higher-density residential, commercial and mixed-use developments. • Replace and/or reduce low visibility retail spaces. • Create a long-term vision for the bus barn site. Parkville Commons - Pursue infill development and redevelopment to achieve the best land use in Parkville 186 Parkville 2040 Master Plan NW C r o s s R o a d Tom Watson Pkwy NW G r a d e n R d Hig h w a y 9 NW 63rd Street NW B e l l R o a d Le w i s S t r e e t 45 Highway / NW Graden Rd There are locations along the north and south side of Tom Watson Pkwy that are suitable for new development and possible future redevelopment over time. 1. Northwest Corner of NW Graden Rd & Tom Watson Pkwy This commercial area, long-term, would be a suitable site for a mixed-use redevelopment with a mixture of residential, commercial and possibly office space. This area has convenient location and accessibility. 2. Northeast Corner of NW Graden Rd & Tom Watson Pkwy This area could be better suited as a mixed-use development site given its location and the nearby land uses (existing and possible future uses). 3. South of Tom Watson Pkwy Commercial This area could take advantage of its location along Tom Watson Pkwy / 45 Hwy to be a commercial area to help serve nearby residents / future mixed-use sites. 4. South of Tom Watson Pkwy High-Density Residential This large, undeveloped site south of Tom Watson Pkwy is a suitable location for high-density residential given its location and the adjacent land uses. It is surrounded by existing or possible complementary land uses. 5. South of Tom Watson Pkwy Medium-Density Residential This area is a suitable location to extend the medium-density residential located to the south. This land use would be a suitable transition land use based on existing and possible future development / land uses. 1 2 3 4 5 Medium Density Residential High Density Residential Commercial Business Park Mixed-Use City / Public Proposed[] NW C r o s s R o a d Tom Watson Pkwy NW G r a d e n R d Hig h w a y 9 NW 63rd Street NW B e l l R o a d Le w i s S t r e e t 1 2 3 4 5 Commercial Business Park City / Public Utilities Open Space INFILL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY AREAS STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT EXISTING LAND USE PROPOSED LAND USE STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 4.7 • Support the long-term redevelopment of the area north of 45 Highway to allow for a mixture of uses 45 Highway / NW Graden Rd - Pursue infill development and redevelopment to achieve the best land use in Parkville Parkville, Missouri 187 45 Highway / NW Crooked Rd The area south of 45 Highway and NW Crooked Road was identified as a potential infill development site due to its location, existing developed areas and the planned realignment of NW Crooked Road. 1. Medium Density Residential A mixture of townhomes, rowhouses and single-family detached homes are a suitable development type for this area adjacent to 45 Highway / NW 64th Street. Future residents would benefit from the possible future neighborhood commercial at the intersection of realigned NW Crooked Rd & 45 Highway. 2. Single-Family Residential Single-family detached homes are suitable for this area as it is set back further from 45 Highway / NW 64th St. Homeowners would also benefit from the possible future neighborhood commercial at the intersection of realigned NW Crooked Rd & 45 Highway. 3. Neighborhood Commercial The intersection created through the realignment of NW Crooked Rd & 45 Highway would create an ideal location for neighborhood commercial growth to serve the nearby residential populations to the north and south. 4. Medium Density Residential This area already has a medium-density residential neighborhood and could benefit from an expansion of this land use. These residents could help to provide demand for the possible future neighborhood commercial. 5. Realigned NW Crooked Rd This plan shows a future realignment of NW Crooked Rd at 45 Hwy. NW 64th S t r e e t NW C r o o k e d R o a d N Na t i o n a l D r i v e NW C r o o k e d R d 1 2 3 4 4 5 EXISTING LAND USE Medium Density Residential Commercial City / Public Open Space INFILL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY AREAS NW 64th S t r e e t NW C r o o k e d R o a d N Na t i o n a l D r i v e NW C r o o k e d R d EXISTING LAND USE PROPOSED LAND USE Low Density Residential Medium Density Residential Commercial City / Public Open Space Proposed[] 1 2 3 4 4STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 4.8 • Allow for neighborhood commercial and expanded multi-family housing choice around the planned realigned NW Crooked Road area on 45 Highway. 45 Highway / NW Crooked Rd - Pursue infill development and redevelopment to achieve the best land use in Parkville 188 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Overwhelmingly, the citizens of Parkville take pride in their downtown core and value its charm and historic character. However, there is a common understanding that in order for downtown Parkville to remain successful, the area will need to adapt to changing economic and social forces that are reshaping the built environment at an accelerating rate. The thing that separates downtown Parkville from other existing and future retail locations is the walkability and pedestrian experience of the downtown. Expanding opportunities for sidewalk dining, outdoor music or patio spaces can help activate the street. This will attract users to the downtown and ensure it remains a destination for years to come. Developing new residential units within the downtown will bring in new residents and consistent foot traffic to sustain the commercial activity of downtown. New residential units constructed in downtown should meet the demand for housing currently lacking in the community such as senior, work force, and middle-income housing. This may require support from the city through tax incentives or grants but is important to pursuing the goal of providing a mix of housing options that meet the needs of a variety of age and income levels. Emphasis should be placed on improving the pedestrian experience of the area but parking is still critical to bringing in visitors to the district. Parking downtown should be enhanced through STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT DOWNTOWN ENHANCEMENTS STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 4.9 • Use zoning code to allow for tenants that generate more vitality, such as food and beverage outlets, apartments, and hospitality. • Encourage a relationship between establishments and the street, for example, sidewalk dining, patio spaces, outdoor music, etc. • Allow for new multi-family residential units in or near to downtown to help support local businesses and provide needed expanded housing options in Parkville. • Ensure that parking is easy to find, not necessarily by creating more parking, but by using signage and wayfinding to guide people to non-obvious parking locations. • Manage pedestrian crossings along Highway 9 to ensure crossing locations are abundant, well-marked, and safe . • Strengthen the relationship between Park University and Downtown. Protect and enhance downtown Parkville as a destination proper signage and wayfinding rather than more parking spaces. Safety improvements are needed for pedestrians crossing 9 Highway. This is especially true in regard to strengthening the relationship between downtown and Park University. Any physical improvements along 9 Highway should include pedestrian enhancements and safety improvements. Parkville, Missouri 189 The design and character of the built environment greatly impacts the overall impression of a specific area, district or neighborhood. Zoning ordinances and planning commissions have the authority to enforce design elements however, loop-holes or ambiguity in these policies can cause the developer’s or property owner’s own intentions and bottom-lines to arrive at a less -than-desirable outcome. The City of Parkville has the ability to impact the aesthetic and massing qualities of the built environment in a couple different ways. The city may wish to evaluate their current zoning code and building design standards to establish whether or not there is an opportunity to bolster the current regulations while also not discouraging further development in the downtown district. A set of design guidelines are a tool the City of Parkville can use to ensure that future developments have the look and feel that is compatible with the character and charm of the community. These guidelines can be general in scope and provide the necessary flexibility to achieve aesthetic results that are consistent with the community’s quality expectations. Another option is to establish overlay districts within areas such as downtown Parkville, to implement design guidelines for any new development or redevelopment. These types of districts could be an important consideration for the City of Parkville to look at in the future. DEVELOPMENT DESIGN GUIDELINES STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 4.10 • Develop downtown design guidelines to influence the aesthetic quality of the built environment in order to retain the character and charm of the district. Preserve the distinct look and feel of downtown Parkville alongside redevelopment opportunities As the other commercial areas of Parkville nearer to the interstate continue to develop, this could create momentum away from downtown Parkville’s commercial district. The vibrancy and economic health of Parkville is critical to the quality of life for residents and small business owners. Programs such as facade improvement grants can help to even the playing field between larger big box and smaller businesses. 190 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Growing with a Purpose covers the Future Land Use and Annexation Strategy for Parkville. Growing with a Purpose means that Parkville has been intentional in its growth and development strategy. The two main components of this chapter are the Future Land Use Plan and a phasing strategy for future annexation. The Future Land Use Plan considers many factors including protecting Downtown Parkville, promoting infill redevelopment in key areas of the community, preserving important open space, providing for housing choice and strategically planning for the future development of the intersections along Interstate 435. The annexation strategy provides a phased approach to future annexation with Parkville. GROWING WITH A PURPOSEFOCUS AREAS FOCUS AREA 5 Parkville, Missouri 191 The Growing with Purpose focus area chapter reflects many of the guiding principles of the 2040 master plan. Community Sustainability was considered when planning for a healthy mix of land uses. Community Character was used to guide decision-making about where and how to grow without losing the character of Parkville. Environmental Stewardship guided the Future Land Use Plan by avoiding areas within the floodplain or with other sensitive environmental land. Integrated Land Uses was directly related to the forming of the land use plan. Housing, specifically the expansion of housing choice, led to the strategic location of higher density housing throughout Parkville. The Downtown Old-District’s boundaries were protected within the Future Land Use Plan. Finally, Civic and Open Spaces were identified and protected as part of the land use planning. RELATIONSHIP TO THE GUIDING PRINCIPLES Community Sustainability Community Character Environmental Stewardship Civic and Open Spaces Integrated Land Uses Transportation Housing 2040 GUIDING PRINCIPLES Downtown Old-Town District 192 Parkville 2040 Master Plan EXISTING LAND USE IN PARKVILLE Land Use Total Acres Share Open Space 5,658.2 65.1% Low-Density Residential 1,204.3 13.8% Parks & Recreation 1,048.3 12.1% Developing 273.4 3.1% Commercial 236.1 2.7% Industrial 142.9 1.6% Multi-Family Residential 96.6 1.1% Downtown 23.7 0.3% TOTAL 12.8 0.1% Source: Confluence, with inputs from Parkville and Platte County Figure 4.41 Existing Land Use, Parkville (2020) Figure 4.41 shows the existing land use breakdown for Parkville in 2020. Within Parkville’s city limits, the most dominant land use category is open space / agriculture. One reason this area is so significant is because of the floodplain land south of NW River Road. The second most dominant land use category is Low Density Residential, which includes most of Parkville’s currently available housing. As a smaller community in a suburban location this land use category is often significant. Figure 4.42 Existing Land Use Map Parkville City Limits Nearby City Limits Single-Family Residential Multi-Family Residential Downtown Open Space Parks & Recreation Public / Semi-Public Commercial Industrial NW R i v e r R d 435 NW River Rd Eas t S t 435 9 9 45 45 Tom Watson Pkwy GROWING WITH A PURPOSE Parkville, Missouri 193 The Future Land Use Plan should serve as guide to future development and be used as the basis for determining the appropriate zoning for property being developed, redeveloped or annexed into the City. It is typical for a city’s future land use plan to consider the future land uses for property located outside of its municipal boundary in order to properly plan for growth and allow for flexibility to address requests for annexation. The Future Land Use Map (Figure 4.43) should be consulted when reviewing rezoning requests and development proposals to determine if they are consistent with the Comprehensive Plan. If the zoning desired for a given property is inconsistent with its land use designation, the designation on future land use map should be first amended accordingly prior to approving such a rezoning. PURPOSE AND USE OF THE FUTURE LAND USE PLAN 194 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Many factors were considered in the construction of the Future Land Use Plan for Parkville. Downtown Protecting the boundary of downtown Parkville is important to Parkville’s community character. This historic district serves as the heart of Parkville and is a major connector to the riverfront parks. Infill Development There are key areas suitable for infill development or redevelopment within Parkville’s existing city limits. These areas were designated with future land uses that better allow for mixed-use development opportunities that can enhance the character of Parkville. Open Space & Natural Areas Much of the planning boundary remains open space / agriculture in the future land use plan. This land use category includes areas within the floodplain, which should remain undeveloped. Housing Diversity The Future Land Use Plan identifies several areas suitable for expanded housing opportunities such as townhomes, rowhouses or apartments. These areas have been strategically located to help diversify the housing stock available in Parkville. Interstate Adjacent Development Areas adjacent to the Interstate 435 intersections within Parkville’s city limits have been shown as a mixture of regional commercial, residential and business park development to take advantage of these key areas. FUTURE LAND USE PLAN CONSIDERATIONS GROWING WITH A PURPOSE Parkville, Missouri 195 FUTURE LAND USE CATEGORIES The Parkville Future Land Use Plan is composed of colors representing different land uses. The desired uses, density ranges of each category and representative imagery of each category are below. Low-Density Residential Uses - single-family residential detached, single-family residential bi-attached, single- family residential +1 accessory dwelling unit, civic uses, schools, and churches. Medium-Density Residential Uses - single-family residential horizontally attached (townhomes / rowhouses) and single-family residential detached. Density - 1 to 5 dwelling units per acre with an average density of 3 dwelling units per acre. Density - 6 to 12 dwelling units / acre with an average density of 8 dwelling units per acre. 196 Parkville 2040 Master Plan High-Density Residential Uses - vertically attached residential (apartments or condominiums) and single-family residential horizontally attached (townhomes / rowhouses). City Uses - public / semi-publicly owned land including city and county properties as well as schools and other institutions. GROWING WITH A PURPOSE FUTURE LAND USE CATEGORIES Density - 12 to 24 dwelling units per acre with an average density of 18 dwelling units per acre. Parkville, Missouri 197 Density - less than 1 dwelling units per 10 acres with an average density of 0.1 dwelling units per acre. Density - less than 1 dwelling units per 10 acres with an average density of 0.1 dwelling units per acre. Open Space / Agriculture Uses - agriculture, open space, floodplain and single-family detached residential. Parks & Recreation Uses - parks, recreation land and golf courses. FUTURE LAND USE CATEGORIES 198 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Business Park Uses - typically large-scale office and light industrial uses. Neighborhood Commercial Uses - smaller scale retail and office uses. GROWING WITH A PURPOSE FUTURE LAND USE CATEGORIES Density - a floor to area ratio (FAR) of 0.25. Density - a floor to area ratio (FAR) of 0.30. Parkville, Missouri 199 Density - a floor to area ratio (FAR) of 0.25. Density - a floor to area ratio (FAR) of 0.25.Support Commercial Uses - typically medium scale retail, office and auto-oriented uses. Regional Commercial Uses - typical large-scale retail, office, and intensive auto oriented uses. FUTURE LAND USE CATEGORIES 200 Parkville 2040 Master Plan FUTURE LAND USE CATEGORIES Downtown Mixed-Use Uses - Special mixed-use district for Downtown Parkville. Typical uses include retail and office on first-floor and residential uses on the second or third stories. Mixed-Use Uses - typical retail, office, and multi-family uses. GROWING WITH A PURPOSE Density - a floor to area ratio (FAR) of 0.75 for retail / office and 8 dwelling units per acre. Density - a floor to area ratio (FAR) of 0.50 for retail / office and 18 dwelling units per acre. Parkville, Missouri 201 Park University Mixed-Use Uses - Special mixed-use district for Park University Typical uses include education, retail or office as well as residential uses for students. Density - a floor to area ratio (FAR) of 0.25 for retail / office and 18 dwelling units per acre. FUTURE LAND USE CATEGORIES 202 Parkville 2040 Master Plan GROWING WITH A PURPOSE NW R i v e r R d NW River Rd 45 45 45 9 9 NW C r o o k e d R d NW H a m p t o n R d Tom Watson Pkwy 9 435 435 Planning Boundary City Limits Nearby City Limits Floodplain Open Space / Agriculture Low-Density Residential Medium-Density Residential High-Density Residential Neighborhood Commercial Support Commercial Regional Commercial Business Park Mixed-Use Downtown Mixed-Use Park University Mixed-Use City / Public / Semi-Public Parks & Recreation Figure 4.43 Future Land Use Map, Parkville, Missouri FUTURE LAND USE PLAN Parkville, Missouri 203 Figure 4.44 Future Land Use Map, Parkville, Missouri Tom Watson Pkwy NW C r o o k e d R d NW River R d Tom Wats o n P k w y NW C r o o k e d R d NW B l a i r R d Nationa l D r NW B e l l R d Eas t S t NW E a s t s i d e D r NW G r a d e n R d Natio n a l D r NW 63rd St Ris s L a k e D r NW L a k e v i e w D r 9 9 45 Planning Boundary City Limits Nearby City Limits Floodplain Open Space / Agriculture Low-Density Residential Medium-Density Residential High-Density Residential Neighborhood Commercial Support Commercial Regional Commercial Business Park Mixed-Use Downtown Mixed-Use Park University Mixed-Use City / Public / Semi-Public Parks & Recreation FUTURE LAND USE PLAN 204 Parkville 2040 Master Plan FUTURE LAND USE PLAN Figure 4.45 and Figure 4.46 show the future land use breakdown for the Parkville Future Land Use Plan. Open Space / Agriculture continues to make up the majority of the planning boundary’s projected future land use. Low-Density Residential remains the second most common land use with 37.5% of all land uses. Parks and Recreation and Medium- Density residential account for 4.2% and 3.5%, respectively. The different commercial land uses account for a combined 1.3% and the different mixed-use categories account for a combined 0.9%. These acre totals and percentage breakdowns are far beyond what is needed in Parkville to provide room for projected growth, but shows different development opportunities for the area in the year 2040 and beyond. Future Land Use Category Count Share Open Space / Agriculture 12,636.0 50.7% Low-Density Residential 9,348.0 37.5% Parks & Recreation 1,043.6 4.2% Medium-Density Residential 870.5 3.5% Business Park 308.6 1.2% Regional Commercial 156.4 0.6% Park University Mixed-Use 125.1 0.5% Support Commercial 113.2 0.5% High-Density Residential 107.4 0.4% Mixed-Use 65.5 0.3% Neighborhood Commercial 52.0 0.2% City 46.0 0.2% Downtown Mixed-Use 26.8 0.1% TOTAL 24,898.9 100.0% Source: Confluence Figure 4.45 Future Land Use Breakdown Figure 4.46 Future Land Use Breakdown GROWING WITH A PURPOSE Downtown Mixed-Use City Neighborhood Commercial Mixed-Use High-Density Residential Support Commercial Park University Mixed-Use Business Park Medium-Density Residential Open Space / Agriculture Low-Density Residential Parks & Recreation Regional Commercial Parkville, Missouri 205 FUTURE LAND USESTRATEGIC OPPORTUNITIES 5.0 Reference the Future Land Use Plan when making decisions regarding land use, development and zoning in Parkville • Update the R-4 Mixed-Density Residential zoning district regulations to add standards for building design and exterior materials and considering requiring usable patios and balconies or roof-top amenity decks. • Update the R-5 Multi-Family Residential zoning district regulations to add standards for building design and exterior materials, increase the building height limit to allow for 4-story apartment buildings, increase the density limit to allow for up to 18 to 24 dwelling units per acre, and considering requiring usable patios and balconies or roof-top amenity decks. • Update the B-1 Neighborhood Business District zoning district regulations to add standards for building design and exterior materials and increase the building height limit to allow for 3-story buildings. • Update the B-2 General Business District to allow for 4-story apartment buildings. • Adopt an ordinance to limit construction and grading within areas with very steep topography and require a minimum setback from streams to prevent property damage from flooding and streambank erosion. • Create an ordinance to preserve areas with significant tree cover. 206 Parkville 2040 Master Plan ANNEXATION BASICS GROWING WITH A PURPOSE Voluntary Annexation is the preferred method, where property owners request (petition) to be annexed. The steps in this process include: • Annexation petition received from property owners. • Public hearing held by city. • City adopts ordinance expanding boundaries. Forced Annexation is not preferred, rare undertaken and are typically difficult to complete as it requires court review and a special election. The steps include: • City adopts a resolution to annex. • City holds a public hearing and adopts an ordinance for annexation. • City files an action with the circuit court requesting declaratory judgement. • Upon court authorization, a city-wide election is held (includes the area to be annexed). • Provide services for existing residents. • Support new growth and development. • Protect an area with long-range planning, zoning, and code enforcement. Annexations are regulated by State Law There are several rules put in place by the State of Missouri in relation to annexation including, generally: • Annexations must be contiguous and compact to existing city limits. • Determined reasonable and necessary to the property development of the city. • City must have the ability to furnish municipal services within a reasonable time. There are two main types of annexation Why do cities consider annexation? • Not requested or desired by the property owners. • Cost to provide services exceeds anticipated property tax revenue. • Area is not considered part of the long-term growth or planning boundary. Why do cities choose not to annex? Parkville, Missouri 207 ANNEXATION POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS Figure 4.47 Voluntary Annexation Priority Area 1STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 5.1 • Actively pursue voluntary annexation of the in-fill properties identified as Annexation Priority Area 1. Protect Parkville’s borders and preserver its character as it grows 208 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Figure 4.48 Voluntary Annexation Priority Area 2 ANNEXATION POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS GROWING WITH A PURPOSE STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 5.2 • Agree to annex any property within Annexation Priority 2 Area when requested by the property owner and work with area property owners on an annexation timing and phasing plan to ensure contiguous, voluntary annexations can occur when needed for development. Protect Parkville’s borders and preserver its character as it grows Parkville, Missouri 209 Figure X.X Voluntary Annexation Priority Area 3A & 3 B ANNEXATION POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS Figure 4.49 Voluntary Annexation Priority Area 3STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 5.3 • Voluntary annexation of property within Priority 3A Area should be approved in order to better manage the Hwy 45 corridor and connect to higher value development property located along NW Hampton Road. Voluntary annexation of property within Priority 3B Area should be limited to those properties as may be needed to complete a contiguous annexation of higher value development land in Priority 3A. Protect Parkville’s borders and preserver its character as it grows 210 Parkville 2040 Master Plan Figure 4.50 Voluntary Annexation Priority Area 4 ANNEXATION POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS GROWING WITH A PURPOSE STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 5.4 • Annexation of property in the Priority 4 Area should only be approved for an active development project that is of sufficient value to be of a financial benefit to the City. Protect Parkville’s borders and preserver its character as it grows Parkville, Missouri 211 ANNEXATION POLICY RECOMMENDATIONSSTRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY 5.5 Protect Parkville’s borders and preserver its character as it grows • Continue to require new development to fully be served by adequate public infrastructure including paved streets, sidewalks, trails, water and sewer service. • Discourage the development of private roads to serve new single- family subdivisions. • Create an ordinance to preserve areas with significant tree cover. • Support and encourage in-fill, redevelopment that is consistent with the adopted comprehensive master plan. • Only approve rezoning and development proposals that are consistent with the adopted comprehensive master plan and future land use map.